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In the U.S., debt is a reality for many Americans. According to the Federal Reserve’s most recent report, our total national household debt is at $13.95 trillion .

That’s a lot of student loans, car loans, mortgages, and credit card debt. And for those who’ve fallen behind, it can mean a lot of headaches and heartache.

If you’ve had enough of all that stress and you’re trying to build a budget that tackles your debt, it helps to have a strategy you can stick to while you also keep current with your other monthly bills.

If you find yourself struggling to make ends meet and are unable to form a plan to get back on track on your own, many people find some assistance by exploring other options, such as a nonprofit credit counseling agency to put together a debt management plan—but there can be some downsides to that decision.

The basic concept seems simple enough: Typically, a debt settlement agency negotiates a repayment schedule with creditors for debt that can include credit cards, medical bills, and personal loans; the consumer makes one payment each month to an account set up with the agency, which includes a small fee; then the agency pays each creditor over an agreed-upon period of time, typically two to five years.

You might want to be sure that you are able to set aside that money for the full term of the plan. If you fail to make your required deposits to the debt relief savings account on time—if an unexpected home repair or medical bill breaks your budget, for example—you can be dropped from the plan and all its perks.

It’s also likely you’ll have to give up your credit cards for the length of the program—and you won’t be able to take out any new lines of credit during that time. And it’s important to note that taking actions like closing accounts may impact your credit history, so it could be a great idea to talk through the pros and cons of this method of debt repayment with a trusted, credentialed advisor.

If that lack of flexibility doesn’t work for you, there are a few other strategies you could consider instead. They, too, take discipline, but you’ll be completely in control of the plan’s structure.

The most well-known of the debt management plans are likely the snowball and avalanche methods, but there’s also the fireball method, which combines both strategies.

Which method is right for you is something only you can decide, and we aren’t advocating one or all of these methods. Here’s just a little bit on each and some of their pros and cons.

The Debt Snowball Method

Once you’ve compiled your monthly budget and have a good idea of how much money you’ll have left each month after paying all your bills, the snowball method directs any excess funds to the debt with the smallest outstanding balance. Here are the basic steps:

•   Disregard interest rates and start by listing your debts based on how much you owe, from the smallest balance to the largest.

•   Make the minimum payment on all other debts and pay as much as you can each month to eliminate the smallest one.

•   After you pay off the smallest debt, you’d turn your attention to the next-lowest balance.

•   Keep going until you are debt-free. (And, of course, avoid the temptation to use the credit cards you’ve paid off.)

Pros: This approach is all about motivation. Instead of slogging away, trying to knock down your biggest debt, you’re picking off the little guys as quickly as possible. Depending on your personality, snowballing could provide the psychological boost you need to keep going.

Cons: It’s more about behavior modification than math. By focusing on the smallest account balance instead of the highest interest rate, you could be missing out on an opportunity to make a more significant dent in your debt. The sooner you get your debts paid, the sooner you can adjust your focus to saving and investing to reach other financial goals.

The Avalanche Method

The avalanche method puts any excess money in your budget toward the debt with the highest interest rate. Here’s how it works:

•   Disregard minimum payment amounts and balances, and instead list debts in order by interest rate.

•   Make the minimum payment on all debts and pay as much as you can each month to get rid of the bill with the highest interest rate. (So, for example, if you have three credit cards with interest rates of 21%, 18%, and 22%, and a student loan with 6% interest, you’d pay as much extra as you could toward the card with the 22% rate first and keep at it until the balance is zero.)

•   When the first balance is paid off, you’d move on to the debt with the next-highest interest rate. (The 21% card, in this example, then the 18% card, then the lower-interest student loan.)

Pros: Since this method focuses on the most expensive debt first, it helps bring down the amount of interest paid while working toward debt repayment. If you need a reminder of how impactful interest can be, check your credit card bill: The minimum payment warning explains just how long it will take you to get rid of that debt if you pay only what you have to every month.

Cons: This method could take more commitment and discipline. If you’re the type who needs to experience little “wins” along the way, you might lose interest before you wrap up this plan.

The Debt Fireball Method

This strategy takes a hybrid approach to the traditional snowball and avalanche methods of paying down debt.

We call it the fireball method because it can help you blaze through costly bad debt faster so you can accomplish the things that matter to you. The steps include:

•   Categorize all debt as either “good” or “bad.” (Debts with a less than 7% interest rate are “good.” Debts with a higher than 7% interest rate that do not have the potential to increase your net worth are considered “bad” debt under this method.)

•   List “bad” debts from smallest to largest based on their outstanding balances.

•   Make the minimum monthly payment on all outstanding debts, then funnel any excess funds to the smallest of your “bad” debts.

•   When that balance is paid in full, you’d go on to the next smallest on the bad-debt list. Torch those balances until all your bad debt is repaid.

•   When that’s done, you’d keep paying off your “good” debt on the normal schedule while investing in your future. Then you could start applying the money you used to pay toward your “bad” debt to a financial goal, such as saving for a house, starting a business, saving for retirement, etc.

Pros: The math here may make more sense because you’re taking on more expensive debt before less-expensive debt. And it can also work from a psychological perspective because the payoff tends to accelerate as you approach the finish line.

Cons: If you’re more interested in dumping all your debt first before investing in the future, this approach might not satisfy your need to make even low-interest debt a payoff priority. Also, it typically isn’t as mathematically efficient as the avalanche method—though it could be more cost-effective than the snowball method.

Consolidating Your Debt With a Personal Loan

Looking for another method to help pay off your debt? A personal loan from SoFi may be the right choice for you. SoFi offers low-rate, no-fee option, unsecured personal loans to help you save money on your debt.

With a fixed monthly payment, you may qualify for a SoFi personal loan to consolidate credit cards or other high-interest debt at a more competitive interest rate.

Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.


External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

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SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

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The list of fees that banks might charge you is pretty darn long and, on average, they can cost you more than $161 per year. Per year.

Some of the more typical bank fees include monthly maintenance fees, overdraft charges, returned item fees, ATM fees, and foreign transaction fees. Some of these charges, such as the overdraft and returned item fees, can hit people the hardest when they have the least amount of money available to pay them.

So, if you’ve ever been frustrated by having to pay bank fees, or have been surprised when a charge showed up on a bank statement, this post will share tips on how to avoid those fees in the first place.

And, when thinking about bank fees, here’s something else you could consider: Picture what you would do with an extra $161. Save it? Buy something special? Also, think about how long you’ve had a particular account. If it’s been 10 years, for example, imagine how you’d spend an extra $1,610! That’s money you could put back into your pocket.

At the end of this post, you’ll find a possible way to avoid paying bank fees altogether.

Monthly Maintenance Fees

If your bank or financial institution charges maintenance fees, you may be so used to watching that money disappear out of your account each month that you’ve simply stopped trying to figure out how to make it stop.

It isn’t unusual for banks to charge about $12 a month in maintenance fees, nearly $150 a year for this fee alone.

If you keep a large enough balance in this account, you can typically avoid paying a monthly maintenance fee at many banks. That’s great for those who have that kind of money, but this is the type of fee that often hits those who don’t have a lot of money in their accounts.

If keeping a larger balance in your account isn’t practical right now, then it can make sense to explore online-only financial institutions that are more likely to not charge this fee.

Online-only banking doesn’t mean banks that they offer mobile services, though—it’s banks that don’t have a physical location and are online only, who have less overhead and, therefore, the opportunity to pass on more savings to you, the customer.

Overdraft Fees

Banks often have an overdraft program, so if you withdraw more than what’s currently available in your account, the bank won’t “bounce” the check. Instead, it will be covered, but often with a fee attached.

So, let’s say that you deposited $200 in your checking account but $100 of it has a short-term hold on it. This means that even though you have $200, only $100 is currently available. This is a common practice among financial institutions. So, if you withdraw $150 during this time, you could be charged an overdraft fee, depending upon your bank’s policies.

These types of fees can average around $35 per instance. To avoid being charged, you could decline to sign up for overdraft service (which may lead to bounced checks or declined debit card transactions).

Or you could ask if your bank has a service where, if you overdraft on your checking account, then the amount would be covered from your savings account. Note, though, that this kind of transfer may also come with a fee.

What may be most important here is, you may want to be clear about what your bank or financial institution will do in a certain circumstance. Let’s say that you’ve signed up for automatic bill pay at your bank. What will your financial institution do if there aren’t enough funds?

Pay it anyway and charge you an overdraft fee? A little research with your own financial institution could reveal the answer, and if it’s not what you want to hear, you could see if another institution handles the situation in a way that works better for you.

Returned Item Fees

If you don’t opt in to have overdraft protection on an account, banks typically decline or bounce, the transaction if there aren’t enough funds to cover a transaction.

Besides the problems associated with a bounced check, there is typically a returned item fee, averaging around $35 for each occurrence. And, unfortunately, sometimes a returned item fee can take an account balance to the point where another check may bounce, causing the situation to become increasingly worse.

ATM Fees

ATM fees come with unique pain points that can be especially frustrating. That’s because you sometimes have to pay a bank or a random ATM just to get your own money! And sometimes you’ll pay ATM fees twice on the same transaction: once in a surcharge by the ATM being used and, second, by the bank that issued your card.

To make matters more frustrating, out-of-network surcharges from ATM owners keep increasing, becoming the highest to date in 2018. In fact, it’s 36% higher than it was almost a decade ago, with an average out-of-network ATM charge costing users around costing users around $4.68 , on average!

This situation isn’t especially likely to change, because the very nature of an out-of-network surcharge means that people getting socked with extra fees are non-customers.

If you’re trying to budget carefully, this can be painful. To reduce how much you could pay in ATM fees, pre-planning might help. You could research locations of in-network ATMs and only make withdrawals there.

If you know you’ll be shopping at a business or attending an event that operates as cash only, you could withdraw more than you might need, just in case, so you can avoid using an out-of-network ATM nearby.

When you go into a store, pharmacy, and so forth, you could also check to see if the ATMs located in them are part of your bank’s partnership network. Even if you don’t need cash right away, it might be a good idea to file away that information for when you do need it.

Here’s another idea: Many grocery stores and even some big box stores will let you get cash back when you make purchases there. This could be another way to circumvent ATM fees.

Foreign Transaction Fees

If you’ll be going abroad, then you will likely need to deal with foreign transaction fees. Credit card companies add these onto transactions processed by or passing through foreign banks.

A typical fee is 3% of the transaction amount. There is often a fee charged by the credit card network and another one by the card issuer. Some credit card companies charge fees in addition to network ones, while others don’t.

Credit card issuers typically don’t mention these fees up front (unless they’re advertising that they don’t charge them), so they can come as a surprise when the next statement arrives.

Just one foreign transaction fee might not seem like a big deal, but when you consider how many times you might use a credit card during a trip, it can really add up. And, often, you don’t earn any credit card rewards on these fees.

Returning to the painful subject of ATM fees, banks often charge an additional 1% to 3% for this type of fee on international transactions, meaning beyond what you’d normally pay on ATM withdrawals and debit card purchases.

To help mitigate these fees, you could check with your bank to see if they have affiliate banks in regions where you’re traveling and ask if you can withdraw from those ATMs without paying the additional international fees. You could also ask if your bank reimburses fees that you’ve paid.

As another way to reduce bank fees, you could exchange US dollars to foreign currency before you leave the country, perhaps eliminating the need for ATM withdrawals while traveling. Your bank might do this with no fees.

Online-Only Banking

With online-only banking, there are no physical branches, so overhead costs for the financial institution can be lower, giving them the ability to provide certain perks to customers, such as lower fees.

Sometimes, certain fees aren’t charged at all. Just like with traditional banks, policies differ from one online-only financial institution to another.

If this sounds appealing, you could consider investigating how online-only institutions might help you avoid fees. Many, for example, provide ATM services for free or refund ATM fees up to a certain amount each month.

Money and Millennials

A Kasasa study points out that an overwhelming percentage of millennials they surveyed—93% of them—say that fee-free banking is important to them. They note that no-fee banking matters to them when choosing a bank for everyday banking needs.

SoFi Checking and Savings®

SoFi Checking and Savings® is a checking and savings account where you can spend, save, and earn all in one place. You’ll earn 0.20% APY (annual percentage yield) on all your cash with no account fees (subject to change).

You can sign up for and open an account in just 60 seconds, and the account is FDIC insured for up to $1.5 million with additional fraud insurance.

External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

SoFi® Checking and Savings is offered through SoFi Bank, N.A. ©2022 SoFi Bank, N.A. All rights reserved. Member FDIC. Equal Housing Lender.
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FINRA / SIPC . SoFi Securities LLC is an affiliate of SoFi Bank, N.A. SoFi Money Debit Card issued by The Bancorp Bank.
SoFi has partnered with Allpoint to provide consumers with ATM access at any of the 55,000+ ATMs within the Allpoint network. Consumers will not be charged a fee when using an in-network ATM, however, third party fees incurred when using out-of-network ATMs are not subject to reimbursement. SoFi’s ATM policies are subject to change at our discretion at any time.
SoFi members with Eligible Direct Deposit activity can earn 3.80% annual percentage yield (APY) on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Eligible Direct Deposit means a recurring deposit of regular income to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government benefit payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Eligible Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below).

Although we do our best to recognize all Eligible Direct Deposits, a small number of employers, payroll providers, benefits providers, or government agencies do not designate payments as direct deposit. To ensure you're earning 3.80% APY, we encourage you to check your APY Details page the day after your Eligible Direct Deposit arrives. If your APY is not showing as 3.80%, contact us at 855-456-7634 with the details of your Eligible Direct Deposit. As long as SoFi Bank can validate those details, you will start earning 3.80% APY from the date you contact SoFi for the rest of the current 30-day Evaluation Period. You will also be eligible for 3.80% APY on future Eligible Direct Deposits, as long as SoFi Bank can validate them.

Deposits that are not from an employer, payroll, or benefits provider or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, or are non-recurring in nature (e.g., IRS tax refunds), do not constitute Eligible Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Eligible Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate. SoFi members with Eligible Direct Deposit are eligible for other SoFi Plus benefits.

As an alternative to Direct Deposit, SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits can earn 3.80% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Qualifying Deposits means one or more deposits that, in the aggregate, are equal to or greater than $5,000 to an account holder’s SoFi Checking and Savings account (“Qualifying Deposits”) during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Qualifying Deposits only include those deposits from the following eligible sources: (i) ACH transfers, (ii) inbound wire transfers, (iii) peer-to-peer transfers (i.e., external transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc. and internal peer-to-peer transfers from a SoFi account belonging to another account holder), (iv) check deposits, (v) instant funding to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, (vi) push payments to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, and (vii) cash deposits. Qualifying Deposits do not include: (i) transfers between an account holder’s Checking account, Savings account, and/or Vaults; (ii) interest payments; (iii) bonuses issued by SoFi Bank or its affiliates; or (iv) credits, reversals, and refunds from SoFi Bank, N.A. (“SoFi Bank”) or from a merchant. SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits are not eligible for other SoFi Plus benefits.

SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder’s Eligible Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits throughout each 30-Day Evaluation Period to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility. The 30-Day Evaluation Period refers to the “Start Date” and “End Date” set forth on the APY Details page of your account, which comprises a period of 30 calendar days (the “30-Day Evaluation Period”). You can access the APY Details page at any time by logging into your SoFi account on the SoFi mobile app or SoFi website and selecting either (i) Banking > Savings > Current APY or (ii) Banking > Checking > Current APY. Upon receiving an Eligible Direct Deposit or receipt of $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits to your account, you will begin earning 3.80% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% on checking balances on or before the following calendar day. You will continue to earn these APYs for (i) the remainder of the current 30-Day Evaluation Period and through the end of the subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period and (ii) any following 30-day Evaluation Periods during which SoFi Bank determines you to have Eligible Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits without interruption.

SoFi Bank reserves the right to grant a grace period to account holders following a change in Eligible Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits activity before adjusting rates. If SoFi Bank grants you a grace period, the dates for such grace period will be reflected on the APY Details page of your account. If SoFi Bank determines that you did not have Eligible Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits during the current 30-day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, then you will begin earning the rates earned by account holders without either Eligible Direct Deposit or Qualifying Deposits until SoFi Bank recognizes Eligible Direct Deposit activity or receives $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits in a subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period. For the avoidance of doubt, an account holder with both Eligible Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits will earn the rates earned by account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit.

Separately, SoFi members who enroll in SoFi Plus by paying the SoFi Plus Subscription Fee every 30 days can also earn 3.80% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. For additional details, see the SoFi Plus Terms and Conditions at https://www.sofi.com/terms-of-use/#plus.

Members without either Eligible Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits, as determined by SoFi Bank, during a 30-Day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, or who do not enroll in SoFi Plus by paying the SoFi Plus Subscription Fee every 30 days, will earn 1.00% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances.

Interest rates are variable and subject to change at any time. These rates are current as of 1/24/25. There is no minimum balance requirement. Additional information can be found at http://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.

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