SoFi

Debts fall into two broad categories: secured debt and unsecured debt. Though both types of debt share some similarities, there is one key difference. Secured debt is backed by collateral, and unsecured debt isn’t.

It’s important for borrowers to understand how secured and unsecured debt work. That’s because the type of debt you choose could impact such things as loan terms and interest rate and whether you can get credit. What’s more, knowing the difference between these two types of debt can also be one tool to help you determine the order in which you’ll repay the debt.

What Is Secured Debt?

Secured debts are backed, or secured, by an asset, such as your house. This asset acts as collateral for the debt, and your lender is what is known as the lien holder. If you default on a secured debt, the lien gives your lender the right to seize the asset and sell it to settle your debt.

Mortgages and auto loans are two common types of secured debt. A mortgage loan is secured by the house, and an auto loan is secured by the vehicle. You may also encounter title loans, which allow you to use the title of your vehicle to secure other loans once you own a car outright.

What Are the Possible Benefits of Secured Loans?

Because lenders can seize an asset to pay off the debt, secured loans are considered less risky for the lender than unsecured loans. “Low risk” for a lender can translate into benefits for borrowers. Secured loans generally offer better financing terms, such as lower interest rates.

Secured loans may also be easier for borrowers to qualify for. For example, secured loans may have less stringent requirements for credit score compared to unsecured loans, which generally rely more on the actual credit and income profile of the customer.

What Are the Stakes?

The stakes for borrowers can be pretty high for secured loans. After all, consider what happens if you stop paying these debts. (Timeframes for secured loan default can vary depending upon the type of secured debt and lender terms.) The bank can seize the secured asset, which might be the house you live in or the car you need to drive your kids to school or yourself to work.

Failing to pay your debt, or even paying it late, can possibly have a negative effect on your credit score and your ability to secure future credit, at least in the shorter term.

Recommended: What Is the Trump Credit Card Interest Cap?

What Is Unsecured Debt?

Unsecured debt is not backed up by collateral. Lenders do not generally have the right to seize your assets to pay off unsecured debt. Examples of unsecured debt include credit cards, student loans, and some personal loans.

What Are Some Benefits of Unsecured Loans?

Unsecured loans can be less risky for borrowers because failing to pay them off does not usually result in your lender seizing important assets.

Unsecured loans often offer some flexibility, while secured loans can require that you use the money you borrow for very specific purposes, like buying a house or a car. With the exception of student loans, unsecured debt often allows you to use the money you borrow at your discretion.

You can buy whatever you want on a credit card, and you can use personal loans for almost any personal expense, including home renovations, buying a boat, or even paying off other debts.

Recommended: Typical Personal Loan Requirements

What Are the Stakes?

Though unsecured loans are less risky in some ways for borrowers, they are more risky for lenders. As a result, unsecured loans typically carry higher interest rates in comparison.

Even though these loans aren’t backed by an asset, missing payments can still have some pretty serious ramifications. First, as with secured loans, missed payments can negatively impact your credit score. A delinquent or default credit reporting can make it harder to secure additional loans, at least in the near future.

Not only that but if a borrower fails to pay off the unsecured debt, the lender may hire a collections agency to help them recover it. The collections agency may continually contact the borrower until arrangements to pay are made.

If that doesn’t work, the lender can take the borrower to court and ask to have wages garnished or, in some extreme cases, may even put a lien on an asset until the debt is paid off.

💡 Quick Tip: Everyone’s talking about capping credit card interest rates. But it’s easy to swap high-interest debt for a lower-interest personal loan. SoFi credit card consolidation loans are so popular because they’re cheaper, safer, and more transparent.

Managing Secured and Unsecured Debt

Knowing whether a loan is secured or unsecured is one tool to help you figure out how to prioritize paying off your debt. If you’ve got some extra cash and want to make additional payments, there are a number of strategies for paying down your debt.

You might consider prioritizing your unsecured debt. The relatively higher interest typically associated with these debts can make them harder to pay off and could end up costing you more money in the long run. In this case, you might consider a budgeting strategy like the avalanche method to tackle your debts, whereby you’d direct extra payments toward your highest-interest rate debt first. (Be sure you have enough money to make at least minimum payments on all your debts before you start making extra payments on any one debt, of course.)

You can also manage your high-interest debt by consolidating it under one personal loan. A personal loan can be used to pay off many other debts, leaving the borrower with only one loan — ideally at a lower interest rate. Shop around at different lenders for the best rate and terms you can find.

However, it can be smart to be cautious of personal loans that offer extended repayment terms. These loans lengthen the period of time over which you pay off your loan and may seem attractive through lower monthly payment options. However, choosing a longer term likely means you’ll end up paying more in interest over time.

Recommended: How to Apply for a Personal Loan

The Takeaway

Secured debt is backed up by collateral, such as a house. Unsecured debt doesn’t require collateral. The type of debt a borrower chooses may impact things like the cost of a loan and whether they can get credit. It can also help determine the order in which debt is repaid. Since unsecured loans could have higher interest rates or fees, you may decide to consider prioritizing paying down that debt first. Consolidating high-interest debt under one personal loan, ideally at a lower interest rate, is another strategy.

Credit cards have an average APR of 20%–25%, and your balance can sit for years with almost no principal reduction. Personal loan interest rates average 12%, with a guaranteed payoff date in 2 to 7 years. If you’re carrying a balance of $5,000 or more on a high-interest credit card, consider a SoFi Personal Loan instead. See your rate in minutes.

FAQ

What is an example of an unsecured loan?

An example of an unsecured loan would be an unsecured personal loan. In this case, your financial credentials are evaluated when you apply, but you don’t have to put up an asset as collateral to obtain the loan.

Is it better to get an unsecured or secured loan?

This decision depends on your needs and your situation. A personal loan can be faster to obtain and typically doesn’t require collateral, but the interest rate may be higher than what you would be offered for a secured loan, in which you put up collateral and likely face a longer path to approval.

What’s the difference between a secured and unsecured loan?

With an unsecured loan, you don’t have to put up collateral. With a secured loan, you do, such as using your house as collateral for a home equity loan. Typically, secured loans are seen as lower risk to lenders and therefore have lower interest rates.

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

SOPL-Q225-098

Your debt-to-income ratio is a measure of how much you owe tracks against how much you take in. This figure is frequently used by lenders to evaluate how creditworthy an applicant is, or how likely they are to be able to pay their debt back on time. It also helps lenders determine what interest rate to charge borrowers.

A low DTI ratio demonstrates that there is probably sufficient income to pay debts and take on more. Typically, a DTI should be no more than 36% to obtain favorable credit. Here, learn more about what DTI is and how to calculate yours.

First, a Debt-to-Income Ratio Refresher

In case you don’t know how to calculate the percentage or have forgotten, here’s how it works.

DTI = monthly debts / gross monthly income

Say your monthly debt payments are as follows:

•   Auto loan: $400

•   Student loans: $300

•   Credit cards: $300

•   Mortgage payment: $1,300

That’s $2,300 in monthly obligations. Now, say gross monthly income is $7,000.

$2,300 / $7,000 = 0.328

Multiply the result by 100 for a DTI ratio of nearly 33%, meaning 33% of this person’s gross monthly income goes toward debt repayment.

💡 Quick Tip: Wherever you stand on the proposed Trump credit card interest cap, one of the best strategies to pay down high-interest credit card debt is to secure a lower interest rate. A SoFi personal loan for credit card debt can provide a cheaper, faster, and predictable way to pay off debt.

What Is Considered a Good DTI?

The federal Consumer Financial Protection Bureau advises homeowners to consider maintaining a DTI ratio of 36% or less and for renters to consider keeping a DTI ratio of 15% to 20% or less (rent is not included in this ratio).

In general, mortgage lenders like to see a DTI ratio of no more than 36%, though that is not necessarily the maximum.

For instance, DTI limits can change based on whether or not you are considering a qualified or nonqualified mortgage. A qualified mortgage is a home loan with more stable features and without risky features like interest-only payments. Qualified mortgages limit how high your DTI ratio can be.

A nonqualified mortgage loan is not inherently high-risk or subprime. It is simply a loan that doesn’t fit into the complex rules associated with a qualified mortgage.

Nonqualified mortgages can be helpful for borrowers in unusual circumstances, such as having been self-employed for less than two years. A lender may make an exception if you have a high DTI ratio as long as, for example, you have a lot of cash reserves.

In general, borrowers looking for a qualified mortgage can expect lenders to require a DTI of 43% or less.

Under certain criteria, a maximum allowable DTI ratio can be as high as 50%. Fannie Mae’s maximum DTI ratio is 36% for manually underwritten loans, but the affordable-lending promoter will allow a 45% DTI ratio if a borrower meets credit score and reserve requirements, and up to 50% for loans issued through automated underwriting.

In the market for a personal loan? Some lenders may allow a high DTI ratio because a common use of personal loans is credit card debt consolidation. But most lenders will want to be sure that you are gainfully employed and have sufficient income to repay the loan.

Front End vs Back End

Some mortgage lenders like to break a number into front-end and back-end DTI (28/36, for instance). The top number represents the front-end ratio, and the bottom number is the back-end ratio.

A front-end ratio, also known as the housing ratio, takes into account housing costs or potential housing costs.

A back-end ratio is more comprehensive. It includes all current recurring debt payments and housing expenses.

Lenders typically look for a front-end ratio of 28% tops, and a back-end ratio no higher than 36%, though they may accept higher ratios if an applicant’s credit score, savings, and down payment are robust.

How Can I Lower My Debt-to-Income Ratio?

So what do you do if the number you’ve calculated isn’t your ideal? There are two ways to lower your DTI ratio: Increase your income, or decrease your debt.

Working overtime, starting a side hustle, getting a new job, or asking for a raise are all good options to boost income.

Strangely enough, if you choose to tackle your debt by only increasing your payments each month, it can have a negative effect on your DTI ratio. Instead, it can be a good idea to consider ways to reduce your outstanding debt altogether.

The best-known debt reduction plans (or payoff plans) are likely the snowball and avalanche methods, but there’s also the fireball method, which combines both strategies.

If credit card debt is an issue, here’s a tip: Instead of canceling a credit card, it might be better to cut it up or hide it. In the world of credit, established credit in good standing is looked upon more favorably than new. Eliminating a long-standing line of credit can lower your score.

Another way to decrease your debt could be to get a debt consolidation loan or credit card consolidation loan. This is a kind of personal loan, hopefully at a lower interest rate than your credit card offers. If so, it can save you on interest and give you just one simple loan to pay every month.

These personal loans are typically offered with a fixed interest rate and a term of one to seven years.

Recommended: How to Apply for a Personal Loan

The Takeaway

Your debt-to-income ratio matters because it affects your ability to borrow money and the interest rate for doing so. In general, lenders look at a lower DTI ratio (say, 28% to 36% maximum in some situations) as favorable, but sometimes there’s wiggle room. If you are struggling with high-interest debt, such as credit card debt, paying it off can positively impact your DTI. There are methods such as the debt snowball method, the debt avalanche technique, or taking out a personal loan.

Whether or not you agree that credit card interest rates should be capped, one thing is undeniable: Credit cards are keeping people in debt because the math is stacked against you. If you’re carrying a balance of $5,000 or more on a high-interest credit card, consider a SoFi Personal Loan instead. SoFi offers lower fixed rates and same-day funding for qualified applicants. See your rate in minutes.

FAQ

How do you calculate DTI?

To calculate your debt-to-income ratio, or DTI, divide your total monthly debt payments by your gross monthly income, then multiply that figure by 100 to get the percentage.

What is a good DTI?

What is considered a good DTI can vary along with the type of credit you are trying to secure. In some cases, a figure between 28% and 36% is considered on target, but in others, a ratio of 50% could be acceptable. Talk to your potential lenders to learn more.

What is the 28-36 rule?

The 28/36 rule is a guideline used regarding mortgages to determine how much a borrower can afford to spend on housing and overall debt. The rule says that a borrower should spend no more than 28% of their gross monthly income on housing (mortgage, property taxes, insurance) and a maximum of 36% on all debts (including housing). This is one way lenders may evaluate a prospective borrower’s creditworthiness.

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

SOPL-Q225-104

If you have unmanageable credit card debt, you might consider credit card debt settlement, a process where you negotiate with your credit card company or a debt collector to pay off less than the total amount owed. The creditor agrees to forgive a portion of the debt in exchange for a lump-sum payment or a payment plan.

This guide provides more information about negotiating a credit card debt settlement.

The Difference Between Secured and Unsecured Debt

First, take a closer look at the type of debt a credit card typically is. When a credit card company issues a credit card, it’s offering you credit. It’s taking a chance on getting its money back, plus interest. It’s more than likely that the credit card you have is considered unsecured.

Unsecured debt isn’t connected to any of your assets that a credit card company can seize in the event that you default on your payments. Essentially, the credit card company is taking your word for it that you are going to come through with the monthly payments.

Secured debt works a bit differently. They’re backed by an asset, like your car or home. If you default on a secured debt, your lender could seize the asset and sell it to pay off your debt. Mortgages and auto loans are two common types of secured debt.

Recommended: What Is a Credit Card Interest Cap?

Credit Card Debt Negotiation Steps

The process of negotiating credit card debt usually begins when you have multiple late or skipped payments — not just one. A good first step is to find out exactly how much you owe, and then research the different options that may be available to you. Examples include a payment plan, an increase in loan terms or lowered interest rates.

Once you have that information, you’re ready to negotiate. You can start by calling your credit card company and asking for the debt settlement department. Or, you can send a note by email or regular mail.

You may have to go through a number of customer service reps and managers before striking a deal, but taking the initiative can show creditors that you are handling the situation honestly and doing what you need to do.

When you do reach an agreement, be sure to get the agreed-upon terms in writing.

Types of Credit Card Debt Settlements

Here are some options when it comes to credit card debt settlement.

Lump Sum Settlement

This type of agreement is perhaps the most obvious option. Essentially, it involves paying cash and instantly getting out of credit card debt. With a lump sum settlement, you pay an agreed-upon amount, and then get forgiveness for the rest of the debt you owe.

There is no guarantee as to what lump sum the credit card company might go for, but being open and upfront about your situation could help your cause.

Workout Agreement

This type of debt settlement offers a degree of flexibility. You may be able negotiate a lower interest rate or waive interest for a certain period of time. Or, you can talk to your credit card issuer about reducing your minimum payment or waiving late fees.

Hardship Agreement

Also known as a forbearance program, this type of agreement could be a good option to pursue if your financial issues are temporary, such as the loss of a job.

Different options are usually offered in a hardship agreement. Examples include lowering interest rate, removing late fees, reducing minimum payment, or even skipping a few payments.

Why a Credit Card Settlement May Not Be Your Best Option

Watching your credit card balance grow each month can be scary. Depending on your circumstances, a settlement may be the best solution for you.

However, it’s not without its drawbacks. For starters, a settlement may result in your credit card privileges being cut off and your account frozen until a settlement agreement is reached between you and the credit card company.

Your credit score could take a hit, too. This is because your debt obligations are reported to the credit bureaus on a monthly basis. If you aren’t making your payments in full, this will be noted by the credit bureaus.

That said, by negotiating a credit card settlement, you may be able to avoid bankruptcy and give the credit card company a chance to recoup some of its losses. This could stand in your favor when it comes to rebuilding your credit and getting solvent again.

💡 Quick Tip: Wherever you stand on the proposed Trump credit card interest cap, one of the best strategies to pay down high-interest credit card debt is to secure a lower interest rate. A SoFi personal loan for credit card debt can provide a cheaper, faster, and predictable way to pay off debt.

Solutions Beyond Credit Card Debt Settlements

Personal Loan

Consolidating all of your high-interest credit cards into one low-interest unsecured personal loan with a fixed monthly payment can help you get on a path to pay off the credit card debt. Keep in mind that getting this kind of loan, often called a credit card consolidation loan, still means managing monthly debt payments. It requires the borrower to diligently pay off the loan without missing payments on a set schedule, with a firm end date.

For this reason, a personal loan is known as closed-end credit. A credit card, on the other hand, is considered open-end credit, because it allows you to continue to charge debt (up to the credit limit) on a rolling basis, with no payoff date to work towards.

Recommended: Guide to Unsecured Personal Loans

Transferring Balances

Essentially, a balance transfer is paying one credit card off with another. Most credit cards won’t let you use another card to make your payments, especially if it’s from the same lender. If your credit is in good shape, you can apply for a balance transfer credit card to pay down debt without high interest charges.

Many balance transfer credit cards offer an introductory 0% APR, but keep in mind that a sweet deal like that usually only lasts about six to 18 months. After that introductory rate expires, the interest rate can jump back to a scary level — and other terms, conditions, and balance transfer fees may also apply.

Credit Consumer Counseling Services

Credit consumer counseling services often take a more holistic approach to debt management. You’ll work with a trained credit counselor to develop a plan to manage your debt. Typically, the counselor doesn’t negotiate a reduction in debts owed. However, they may be able to have your loan terms extended or interest rates lowered, which would lower your monthly payments. (Note that extending a loan term typically results in more interest paid over the life of the loan.)

A credit counselor can also help you create a budget, offer guidance on your money and debts, provide workshops or educational materials, and more.

Many credit counseling agencies are nonprofit and offer counseling services for free or at a low cost. You can search this list of nonprofit agencies that have been certified by the Justice Department.

The Takeaway

When credit card debt starts to become unmanageable, negotiating a credit card debt settlement may be an option to consider. There are different types of settlement options to consider. Understanding what’s available to you — and what makes sense for your financial situation and needs — can help you make an informed decision. If a settlement isn’t right for you, there are other solutions, such as a personal loan or credit counseling services, that may be a better fit.

Credit cards have an average APR of 20%–25%, and your balance can sit for years with almost no principal reduction. Personal loan interest rates average 12%, with a guaranteed payoff date in 2 to 7 years. If you’re carrying a balance of $5,000 or more on a high-interest credit card, consider a SoFi Personal Loan instead. See your rate in minutes.

FAQ

What percentage of debt will credit card companies settle for?

Credit card companies may settle for repayment of a reduced amount of the total debt, often between 20% and 80% of the outstanding balance. The exact percentage varies based on factors like the age and amount of the debt and the account holder’s ability to demonstrate financial hardship.

Can I negotiate a credit card settlement?

To negotiate credit card debt settlement yourself, decide what you can afford to pay and offer to settle with the creditor in a lump sum or installment plan. The creditor is not obligated to negotiate, but you may be successful.

Will creditors accept a 50% settlement?

Some creditors may accept 50% of the amount owed as part of a debt settlement. Others may want 75%–80% of what you owe. It can make sense to start low with your first offer and negotiate from there.

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

SOPL-Q325-025

Spending is on the rise — and so is consumer debt. Americans carry, on average, three credit cards and have $6,501 in credit card debt. Overall, U.S. credit card debt is $129 billion higher than it was one year ago.

That amount of debt can be a challenge to pay down along with regular monthly household expenses. Some people may choose to refinance their high-interest credit card debt in an effort to secure a lower interest rate or a lower monthly payment. Refinancing credit card debt can be one way to make progress toward eliminating it completely.

What Is Credit Card Debt?

If you’re putting more purchases on credit cards than you can pay off in a monthly billing cycle, you have credit card debt.

Interest will accrue on the balance that carries over to the next billing cycle. If you don’t pay at least the minimum amount due, you’ll likely also be charged a late fee. Since credit cards use compound interest, you’ll be charged interest on accrued interest and fees. That can add up quickly and make it more difficult to get out of debt.

Carrying a balance on more than one credit card can make the debt even more difficult to manage. If your goal is to be free of credit card debt, refinancing can be one way to achieve that.

💡 Quick Tip: Credit card interest rates average 20%-25%, versus 12% for a personal loan. And with loan repayment terms of 2 to 7 years, you’ll pay down your debt faster. With a SoFi personal loan for credit card debt, who needs credit card rate caps?

What Are Some Benefits of Refinancing Credit Card Debt?

Credit cards are revolving debt and typically have variable annual percentage rates (APRs).

Refinancing credit card debt with an installment loan that has a fixed interest rate, such as a personal loan, will mean you’ll have a fixed end date to your debt and will have the same APR for the entire term of the loan.

If you’re refinancing multiple credit card balances into one new loan or line of credit, you’ll have fewer bills to pay each month. That could potentially make monthly budgeting a simpler task.

Recommended: What Is a Good APR for a Credit Card?

How Might Debt Refinancing Affect Your Credit Score?

Something to keep in mind when your goal is to pay down debt is that it’s a long game.

That being said, in the short term your credit score can decrease slightly when you apply for new credit and the lender looks at your credit report. During the formal application process, the lender will perform a hard inquiry into your credit report, which may result in a slight temporary drop of your credit score.

If you’re comparing multiple lenders, and they offer prequalification, they’ll do a soft inquiry into your credit report, which won’t affect your credit score.

Building your credit — or rebuilding it — through refinancing credit card debt can be possible if you make on-time, regular payments on the new loan. Reducing your credit utilization can be another positive result of refinancing credit card debt. Both of these can potentially increase your credit score.

It’s important not to overuse the credit cards you refinanced into a new loan, however, or you might accumulate even more debt than you started with.

Will Canceling My Unused Credit Cards Affect my Credit Score?

After you’ve refinanced your existing credit card debt into a new loan, you might be tempted to cancel those credit cards. But that strategy could negatively affect your credit score.

Whether it’s a good idea to cancel a credit card really depends on the card. If you’ve had the credit card for a long time, closing it would shorten your credit history, which could result in a credit score drop. But if it’s a card you genuinely don’t have a reason to keep, such as a retail card for a store you no longer shop at or a card that has a high annual fee that can’t be justified with your current spending habits, closing the account might be the right step for you.

If you plan to keep a credit card open, it may be a good idea to use it for a small, recurring charge so the card issuer doesn’t close it for inactivity. Setting up autopay can make this a convenient way to ensure the card stays open but is paid in full each month.

What Are Some Options for Refinancing Credit Card Debt?

Your overall creditworthiness will be a determining factor in finding available refinancing options. Lenders will look at your credit report and credit score, paying attention to how you’ve handled credit in the past and how much total debt you have in relation to your income.

Balance Transfer Credit Card

If you can qualify for a low- or no-interest credit card, you could use it to transfer a balance from another credit card. You’ll typically be charged a balance transfer fee equal to a percentage of the balance you’re transferring. The promotional rate on these types of cards is temporary, sometimes lasting up to 18 months or so, but can be as short as 6 months.

If you pay the transferred balance in full within the promotional period, you may not pay any interest at all, or a minimal amount. However, if you still have an outstanding balance on the card when the promotional period is over, the APR will revert to the card’s standard rate for balance transfers.

Home Equity Loan

A potential source of refinancing funds might be your home, if you have equity in it. Funds from a home equity loan can be used for just about anything, even things unrelated to your home. You can calculate how much equity you have in your home by subtracting the amount you owe on your mortgage from the current market value of your home.

In addition to the amount of equity you have in your home, lenders will typically also look at your income and your credit history to determine how much you might qualify for. It’s common for lenders to limit a home equity loan to no more than 80% to 85% of the equity you have in your home. There are typically closing costs with a home equity loan including appraisal fee, title search, origination fee, or other fees, and can be between 2% and 5% of the loan amount.

A home equity loan is a second mortgage secured by your home. If you fail to repay the loan, the lender can foreclose on your home.

Debt Consolidation Loan

Some lenders offer loans specifically for debt consolidation. These are actually personal loans, the funds from which can be used to pay off your existing credit card debt. Then, you’ll be responsible for repaying the debt consolidation loan. There may be fees charged on this type of loan, so be sure to look over the loan agreement carefully before signing it.

For a credit card consolidation loan to be as effective as possible at reducing your debt, it will ideally have a lower APR than you’re paying on your credit cards. In this way, you would be paying less in interest over the life of the loan. If a lower monthly payment is your goal, you may opt for a longer-term loan, but may pay a higher interest rate.

Recommended: How to Get a Debt Consolidation Loan with Bad Credit

The Takeaway

If your credit card debt is piling up and you’re finding it challenging to pay it down, you may be considering refinancing. Some credit card refinancing options include balance transfer credit cards with a promotional APR, a home equity loan, or a debt consolidation loan.

Whether or not you agree that credit card interest rates should be capped, one thing is undeniable: Credit cards are keeping people in debt because the math is stacked against you. If you’re carrying a balance of $5,000 or more on a high-interest credit card, consider a SoFi Personal Loan instead. SoFi offers lower fixed rates and same-day funding for qualified applicants. See your rate in minutes.

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

SOPL-Q224-1883155-V1

If you’re like most Americans, you love your plastic and swiping or tapping through your day. In fact, about 74% of Americans have at least one credit card, according to the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, with the average wallet holding more than three, according to data from Experian®.

The national love affair with credit cards is built on their convenience, how they provide a line of credit to enable buying things we can’t quite afford to pay for with cash, and those enticing rewards that are often offered.

But the picture is not altogether rosy: As a nation, US citizens have more than $1.2 trillion in credit card debt. And with interest rates averaging over 20%, that debt can be hard to chip away at.

To help you better understand how credit cards work, how much credit card debt people typically have, and what are smart strategies for paying down credit card debt, keep reading. You’ll learn interesting facts as well as helpful hints.

10 Facts About Credit Card Debt

Ready to learn more about credit card debt, a form of revolving debt? These 10 credit card facts will help you better understand who has how much debt and where difficulties paying the balance typically crop up.

1. Almost Half of Americans Have Outstanding Credit Card Debt

Recent research shows that 46% of Americans carry a credit card balance as of late 2025. This indicates that carrying a balance is a common situation for many Americans, even with the eye-wateringly high interest that’s charged.

Recommended: Tips for Using a Credit Card Responsibly

2. People with Credit Card Debt Owe an Average of Almost $7,000

Americans had an average credit card balance of $6,731, according to TransUnion® data. Of those with a balance, most carried it for at least a year.

Just because this is the norm, it doesn’t mean that it’s ideal: The best-case scenario is to only charge as much as you can afford to pay off in full every month.


💡 Quick Tip: Credit card interest caps are a hot topic, as American credit card debt continues to rise. Balances on high-interest credit cards can be carried for years with no principal reduction. A SoFi personal loan for credit card debt may significantly reduce your timeline and could save you thousands in interest payments.

3. It Can Take More Than a Decade to Pay Off $7,951 in Debt

Racking up credit card debt takes much less time than getting rid of it. Say that, like the average American, you have $6,731 in credit card debt, as noted above.

At an interest rate of 20% on existing, with a $150 monthly payment, it would take you 84 months — or seven years — to pay that off. And you would pay $5,773 in interest, or almost as much as the original amount you charged!

But the more you can pay each month, the faster you’ll extinguish the debt. In this example, if you increase your monthly payment to $500, you’d pay off the debt in just 16 months and only spend $955 in interest. These scenarios are, however, assuming that you are not accruing new debt and therefore paying off larger credit card bills.

4. Gen Xers Have the Most Credit Card Debt

Ready for more credit card facts? Here is how age and debt intersect. Gen Xers, the generation that includes people born between 1965 and 1980, have the highest percentage who carry credit card debt at 55%. Next in line are Millennials, born between 1981 and 1996, with 49% carrying credit card debt.

5. Alaskans Have the Highest Credit Card Debt

In a state-by-state analysis of credit card debt, Alaska residents led the pack with $8,026 per person. Those who live in Iowa were found to have the lowest at $4,774.

6. 65% of College Students Have Credit Card Debt

The habit of carrying credit card debt unfortunately starts early, with more than six out of 10 college students carrying a balance on their credit cards. Some of this may well be due to nonessential purchases, such as impulse buys, Uber rides, or fancy coffees.

7. One in Three Americans Owes More On Credit Cards Than They Have Saved for Emergencies

This may be a scary fact about debt, but one in three US adults owes more on their credit card than they have saved for emergencies. In fact, 33% say this is the case. This shows a two-sided problem: too much spending and too little saving.

Recommended: Paying Off $10,000 in Credit Card Debt

8. Richer People Have Credit Card Debt Longer

More interesting credit card debt facts: According to recent data, 62% of those who earn $300,000 or more a year struggle with credit card debt. Perhaps this statistic suggests that high-earners feel they have the means to handle debt and therefore don’t rush to repay it.

9. Men Have More Debt Than Women

Men have an average of $6,357 in credit card debt, while women have an average of $6,232. Perhaps not a huge difference, but so much for the myth of women shopaholics using credit cards to fill an overflowing closet with shoes.

There are many potential reasons for this difference, but some studies have found that women are less comfortable with debt. Also, there is still a gender gap in earning, which could impact spending and debt.

10. There’s a Good Chance You’ll Die With Credit Card Debt

Here’s the last of these debt facts, and it can be a grim one: Nearly three-fourths of Americans are in debt when they die, according to one benchmark study.

And 73% die with credit credit card balances. That’s not exactly a desirable legacy. Although family members don’t generally become responsible for the debt, it may be taken out of the deceased person’s estate.

Why Is Credit Card Debt So Common?

There are many reasons that Americans have so much credit card debt, from rising healthcare and educational costs to lack of emergency savings to a cultural consumerism that encourages people to live beyond their means.

Regarding that last point, you may hear about the phenomenon referred to as Fear of Missing Out or FOMO spending, which is a modern version of “keeping up with the Joneses.” In other words, because your friends, coworkers, or influencers you follow on social media are buying something, you feel you should as well.

Or perhaps part of the problem can be explained by what is known as lifestyle creep. This situation occurs when you earn more money but your spending rises too, so your wealth doesn’t grow. For example, if you took a new, higher-paying job and decided to lease a luxury car or take a couple of lavish vacations, your wealth wouldn’t increase, though your credit card balance might.

Tips on Avoiding Credit Card Debt

Perhaps these facts about debt will motivate you to work on avoiding a credit card balance. If so, the following strategies could help.

•   Review different budgeting methods, and find one that works for you. Many people use the popular 50/30/20 budget rule, for example. Also, see if your bank offers tracking and budgeting tools to help you rein in spending.

•   Gamify savings. You might try sleeping on it rather than making impulse buys to see if the urge to spend passes; it often does. Or go on a spending freeze for a specific period of time or for a certain kind of purchase (say, no dining out in March; no clothing purchases in April).

•   Try buying with cash or your debit card vs. plastic. That will help prevent your debt from snowballing.

•   Consider trying a balance transfer card, which typically gives you a period of zero interest during which time you can pay down what you owe.

•   Credit card interest rates average 20%-25%, versus 12% for a personal loan. And with personal loan repayment terms of 2 to 7 years, you’ll pay down your debt faster.

•   Seek help if you are really struggling to get your debt under control. Nonprofit organizations can help you accomplish this.

The Takeaway

Now that you know some facts about credit card debt and ways to pay it off, you may be looking for a new card that better suits your financial and personal goals. Shopping around to compare features, such as interest rates and rewards, can be a wise move.

Whether or not you agree that credit card interest rates should be capped, one thing is undeniable: Credit cards are keeping people in debt because the math is stacked against you. If you’re carrying a balance of $5,000 or more on a high-interest credit card, consider a SoFi Personal Loan instead. SoFi offers lower fixed rates and same-day funding for qualified applicants. See your rate in minutes.

FAQ

What are the main causes of credit card debt?

Credit card debt can crop up in a variety of ways. Sometimes it’s because expenses get pricier, whether due to lifestyle creep or inflation. Other times, it’s not being mindful about daily spending and making impulse buys. Given how many Americans have more credit card debt than money saved, it’s a common but challenging issue.

How much does the average person have in credit card debt?

Credit card debt facts reveal different angles on this number. The average American household has $6,731 in credit card debt.

How serious is credit card debt?

Credit card debt can be very serious. It’s high-interest debt, and it can be difficult to pay off. It can make it hard for individuals to save for their future and can negatively impact their debt to income ratio, which can be an issue when applying for loans.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Third Party Trademarks: Certified Financial Planner Board of Standards Center for Financial Planning, Inc. owns and licenses the certification marks CFP®, CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER®

SOCC-Q425-001