SoFi

One rule of thumb when buying a home is to not spend more than three times your annual salary. If you earn $40K a year, that means you can afford to spend around $120,000 on a house, maybe a bit more if you have little or no other debts and a large down payment. However, depending on where you want to live, interest rates, and how much debt you’re carrying, that figure could change significantly.

Understanding how these factors play into home affordability can get you closer to finding a home you can afford on your $40,000 salary.

What Kind of House Can I Afford With $40K a Year?

If you earn around $40,000 per year, the kind of house you can afford typically depends on your debt, down payment, and local housing costs, but generally, you could afford a home mortgage loan of around $120,000.

This estimate assumes you have little to no other debt, a stable credit score, and can make a modest down payment. Shopping in areas with lower property taxes and considering first-time homebuyer programs or down payment assistance can also help you stretch your budget.

Understanding Debt-to-income Ratio

When purchasing a home, a potential lender will calculate your debt-to-income (DTI) ratio by adding all your monthly debts and dividing that number by your monthly income.

Your DTI ratio determines how much home you can afford. If you have more debt, you can’t afford a bigger monthly housing payment, which means you’ll qualify for a smaller home loan. For example, if your total debt amounts are $3,000 each month and your income is $6,000 per month, your debt-to-income ratio would be 50%. This is well above the 36% guideline many mortgage lenders want to see.

💡 Quick Tip: To see a house in person, particularly in a tight or expensive market, you may need to show the real estate agent proof that you’re preapproved for a mortgage. SoFi’s online application makes the process simple.

How to Factor in Your Down Payment

A down payment can also drastically impact home affordability. If you have a larger down payment, you’ll be able to afford a higher-priced home. With a down payment of 20% or more, you’ll be able to avoid the added expense of private mortgage insurance (PMI), which will in turn increase the loan amount you’ll be able to qualify for.

Try using a mortgage calculator to see how different down payment amounts can affect how much home you’ll be able to qualify for.

Factors That Affect Home Affordability

To complete the picture of home affordability, you’ll also need to consider these factors:

•   Interest rates: A higher interest rate means you’ll qualify for a smaller home purchase price. A lower interest rate increases how much home you’ll be able to afford. To qualify for a better interest rate, work on building your credit score.

•   Credit history and score: Your credit score directly affects home affordability. With a good credit score, you’ll qualify for a better rate, which means you may qualify for a higher mortgage.

•   Taxes and insurance: Higher taxes and insurance can also affect home affordability. Your lender has to take into account how much you’ll be paying and include it as part of your monthly payment.

•   Loan type: Different loan types have different interest rates, down payment options, and credit requirements, which can affect home affordability.

•   Lender: Your lender may be able to approve you at a higher DTI ratio — some lenders will allow the DTI to be as much as 50%.

•   Area: The cost of living in your state is a top factor in determining home affordability. Price varies greatly around the country, so you may want to consider moving to a more affordable area, if possible.

Recommended: Best Affordable Places to Live in the U.S.

How to Afford More House With Down Payment Assistance

If you make $40,000, how much house you can afford also depends on what programs you’re able to qualify for. Down payment assistance programs can help with home affordability. These programs offer a grant or a second mortgage to cover a down payment, and are often offered by the state or city you live in.

They may be restricted to first-time homebuyers or low-income borrowers, but these programs are worth looking into. Examples include Washington state’s Home Advantage DPA and Virginia’s HOMEownership DPA. Look for programs in your state, county, and city.

💡 Quick Tip: Backed by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA), FHA loans provide those with a fair credit score the opportunity to buy a home. They’re a great option for first-time homebuyers.

How to Calculate How Much House You Can Afford

Lenders often follow the 28/36 rule, looking for a housing payment less than 28% of a borrower’s income and total debt payments less than 36% of your income. Here’s how to calculate it.

Back-end ratio (36%): The back-end ratio is your debt-to-income ratio. Add together all of your debts (including the new mortgage payment) to make sure all debts are under 36% of your income. If your monthly income is $3,333 ($40,000/12 = $3,333), your debts (including the mortgage payment) should be no more than $1,200 ($3,333*.36).

Front-end ratio (28%): With a monthly income of $3,333, this number works out to $933.

The 35/45 Rule: It’s possible to qualify for a larger mortgage based on the 35/45 guideline, which is used at the discretion of your lender. With a monthly income of $3,333, the housing allowance (35% of your income) increases to $1,167 and the total monthly debts (45% of your income) increases to $1,500.

An easy way to calculate how much home you can afford is with a home affordability calculator.

Home Affordability Examples

For homebuyers with a $40,000 annual income ($3,333 per month), traditional guidelines of a 36% debt-to-income ratio give a maximum house payment of $1,200 ($3,333 * .36). Each example has the same amount for taxes ($2,500), insurance ($1,000), and APR (6%) for a 30-year loan term.

Example #1: Too much debt

Monthly credit card debt: $100
Monthly car payment: $300
Student loan payment: $300
Total debt = $700 total debt payments

Down payment = $20,000
Maximum DTI ratio = $3,333 * .36 = $1,200
Maximum mortgage payment = $500 ($1,200 – $700)

Home budget = $54,748

Example #2: Low-debt borrower

Monthly credit card debt: $0
Monthly car payment: $100
Student loan payment: $0
Total debt = $100

Down payment: $20,000
Maximum DTI ratio = $3,333 * .36 = $1,200
Maximum mortgage payment = $1,100 ($1,200 – $100)

Home budget = $141,791

How Your Monthly Payment Affects Your Price Range

As shown above, your monthly debt obligations affect how much house you can afford. With significant debt, it’s hard to make a mortgage payment that qualifies you for the home you want.

It’s also important to keep in mind how interest rates affect your monthly payment. By paying so much interest over the course of 30 years, even small fluctuations in interest rates will affect your monthly payment. That’s why you see your neighbors scrambling to refinance their mortgages when interest rates drop.

Types of Home Loans Available to $40K Households

There are different types of mortgage loans available for households in the $40K range:

•   FHA loans: With Federal Housing Administration (FHA) loans, you don’t have to have perfect credit or a large down payment to qualify. In fact, you can apply for an FHA loan with a credit score as low as 500.

•   USDA loans: If you live in a rural area, you’ll definitely want to look at United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) loans. You may be able to qualify for a USDA mortgage with no down payment and competitive interest rates.

•   Conventional loans: For borrowers with stronger financials, conventional loans are some of the least expensive mortgages in terms of interest rates, mortgage insurance premiums, and property requirements. They’re backed by the federal government, and if you’re able to qualify for a conventional mortgage, it could save you some money.

•   VA loans: For qualified veterans and servicemembers, the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) loan is quite possibly the best out there. There are zero down payment options with great interest rates. If your credit is hurting, you still might be able to get a loan since the VA doesn’t have minimum credit score requirements (though the individual lender may).

The Takeaway

With proper planning, a salary of $40K should be able to get you into a home in many U.S. markets. However, you’ll want to make sure you keep a close eye on your credit score and save up for a down payment or find programs to help with one. Over time, the small, determined steps you take will lead you to your goals.

Looking for an affordable option for a home mortgage loan? SoFi can help: We offer low down payments (as little as 3% - 5%*) with our competitive and flexible home mortgage loans. Plus, applying is extra convenient: It's online, with access to one-on-one help.

FAQ

Is $40K a good salary for a single person?

A $40,000 salary for a single person is a good start, though it is below the median income for a single person, which is $62,088, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

What is a comfortable income for a single person?

A comfortable income for a single person varies by location and lifestyle, but generally, $40,000 to $60,000 per year is considered comfortable in many U.S. cities. This range allows for a decent standard of living, covering basic needs, some savings, and occasional luxuries. Adjustments may be needed based on cost of living and personal financial goals.

What is a liveable wage in 2025?

A livable wage in 2025 varies by location and lifestyle. In the U.S., it generally ranges from $15 to $25 per hour, or about $31,200 to $52,000 annually, depending on the city.

What salary is considered rich for a single person?

A salary of $400,000 per year would put you in the top 2% of earners in 2025. However, the definition of “rich” varies by person. One person may feel rich earning $100,000 per year, whereas for another, it may take $750,000 per year.

Photo credit: iStock/stevecoleimages

SoFi Mortgages
Terms, conditions, and state restrictions apply. Not all products are available in all states. See SoFi.com/eligibility-criteria for more information.

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

SOHL-Q425-173

First things first: You need to understand what, exactly, you’ve inherited, with whom you may need to share the inheritance, and what liens (including but not limited to mortgages) are attached to the property. So after taking a moment to appreciate what a monumental event inheriting a house is, you’ll want to get down to the business of managing this important new asset.

The Legal Steps of Inheriting a House

Inheriting a house through a will or trust is a big deal, whether you knew that you were going to inherit the property or it comes as a complete surprise. From a financial standpoint, inheriting a house that is fully paid off can be quite different from inheriting one with a mortgage. If you don’t inherit the house free and clear, the outstanding balance on the mortgage can become your responsibility (or a responsibility that you must share with any other heirs who share in the house).

When someone dies and leaves a will, that will is typically presented to a probate court judge, (although not all wills are probated). That judge would then review the will. Typically, a will contains the name of an executor — the person whom the deceased wants to help carry out the wishes listed in the will.

The judge may approve the name of the executor listed in the will or name someone else for the task. Once there is an executor, that person has the fiduciary duty to make sure the terms of the will are carried out.

Specific duties of an executor as it relates to the house can include locating all the people who, according to the will, are to share in the ownership of the house and safeguarding the property until it is passed to the recipient(s). When a home is willed to someone, that person has a “right to ownership,” but he or she doesn’t actually own the home until the title is transferred into their name.

Inheritance situations can be reasonably simple or quite complex, and what’s true in one state isn’t necessarily so in another. Any questions you have about the legalities of your particular situation should be addressed with an attorney well versed in the laws of your state.

💡 Quick Tip: With SoFi, it takes just minutes to view your rate for a home loan online.

Steps to Take When You Inherit a House

Once you are notified that you have inherited a house, there are some actions that need to be taken fairly quickly:

•   It’s important to quickly determine whether there is a mortgage (or a home equity loan, or both) on the property. If so, you will need to determine how to keep up the payments and find out whether property taxes and insurance are rolled into the mortgage payments. An involuntary lien, such as those related to unpaid taxes, are also a possibility and can be identified through a title search.

•   If property taxes are not rolled into the mortgage, they may need to be paid separately (this might include overdue taxes). When you inherit a home — with a mortgage or free and clear — you may need to pay property taxes as soon as you inherit. The home can also be reassessed at current market value at this point, which may cause an increase in property tax. If you have questions about property taxes, insurance, and the like, the executor of the estate might be a good resource.

•   Contact the insurance company that’s providing homeowners insurance for the property to keep coverage from lapsing.

•   Consider getting the home appraised. This will help later, should you decide to sell the house, because it will help determine capital gains taxes (more on that later). And if you are one of multiple heirs, having an appraisal could help you start the conversation in the event that one of you wishes to buy the other out.

•   Call utility companies and cancel accounts that aren’t necessary (for example, cable television if no one will be living in the home immediately) and make arrangements to pay those that are necessary (heat, light, water, trash pick-up).

•   Determine how to keep up the yard and check or stop the mail. An untended property invites break-ins, and an overgrown yard can face fines from city government or a homeowners association.

•   The home may be full of furniture and belongings that need to be distributed to family members, sold, donated, or disposed of. The executor can help determine whether the will designates that certain items inside the home are destined for specific heirs.

Deciding if You Should Sell an Inherited House

You’ll quickly face the decision about what to do with the house you’ve inherited. You might want to move in yourself, but if you and your siblings, say, inherited it as joint owners, you’ll need to agree on a plan. If the property is a family home, emotions can come into play here. (Heirs who can’t agree may need the court system to sort things out.)

If you’re the one who wants to live in the home and your fellow heirs aren’t interested, you could pay them rent or you could explore assuming any existing mortgage, meaning the terms would stay the same but the mortgage would be in your name. This isn’t always possible, and it is only a smart move if the terms of the existing mortgage are better than what you would get with a new loan. Otherwise, you could consider taking out a new mortgage and using the loan to pay your fellow heir(s).

You could also rent the house to someone else as a source of income and divide the proceeds among joint heirs, minus the cost of a property manager and any costs of home repairs and upkeep.

Another solution, of course, is to sell the house. Bear in mind that you will need to pay capital gains tax on any increase in value that occurs between the time you inherited the property and when it’s sold.

💡 Quick Tip: Apply for a cash-out refi for a home renovation, and you could rebuild the equity you’re taking out by improving your property. Plus, you may be able to deduct the additional interest payments on your taxes.

Using the Equity in an Inherited House

Another option you have when you inherit a house, assuming there isn’t a large mortgage or liens already on the property, is to use the equity in the home to finance renovations that could increase the home’s value or supply cash for your other needs. If you have taken over the mortgage, you could consider a cash-out refinance. In this process, you take out a new mortgage loan for the amount owed on the current mortgage, plus an additional sum in cash that you can use for any purpose. “If you’re trying to set a budget for a home addition, you can start by obtaining bids from three professionals, then adding in 15-20% to the overall project price given by the contractor to cover unforeseen costs,” says Brian Walsh, CFP® and Head of Advice & Planning at SoFi.

The Takeaway

Inheriting a house brings lots of responsibility and many questions — and sharing in an inherited property can be even more complicated, especially if it is a place that holds many memories for family members. But with some quick moves to protect your new asset and calm consideration of whether to inhabit, rent, sell, or renovate, you can enjoy the benefits of the inheritance for years to come.

SoFi can help you save money when you refinance your mortgage. Plus, we make sure the process is as stress-free and transparent as possible. SoFi offers competitive fixed rates on a traditional mortgage refinance or cash-out refinance.

FAQ

What’s the first thing to do after inheriting a house?

Your first step after inheriting a house should be to make sure the property is secure in every sense: Make sure the house is locked and that the heirs and executor have a key. Verify that the mortgage and taxes are paid up so that the property isn’t at risk of foreclosure or a lien, and transfer the home insurance policy to your name so that it will remain in effect. Then work on getting the name(s) of the heirs onto the property’s deed, securing it from a legal point of view.

Is there a downside to inheriting a house?

An inherited house can be an emotional and financial burden. If the inherited property is shared among siblings or other relatives, it can strain relationships if not everyone agrees on how to handle the property. And during these discussions, the house will have bills that need to be paid, potentially including the mortgage, property taxes, utilities, and maintenance expenses. If you don’t want to sell immediately, the home can put a strain on your finances.

Photo credit: iStock/Pheelings Media

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

SoFi Mortgages
Terms, conditions, and state restrictions apply. Not all products are available in all states. See SoFi.com/eligibility-criteria for more information.

SOHL-Q425-176

When you think about your basic living expenses, your mortgage or rent may be top of mind, but utilities are a considerable component for most people. Doling out money for electricity, water, maybe natural gas, garbage/sewer/recycling, cable television, and internet access can really add up. The average American household can spend anywhere from $300 to $450 a month or more on utilities.

Here, you can learn smart ways to save money on your utility bills. Some are simple ways to cut costs by tweaking your daily habits, and others may require investment, such as buying an energy-efficient appliance that will cost less over the coming years.

Read on to see which money-saving tips work best for you.

5 Ways to Save Money on Your Electricity Bill

The average electric bill in the US is currently $149.37 per month, with an average cost of 17.47 cents per kilowatt hour (kWh). Here’s advice on saving money on electricity.

1. Unplug!

It may be possible to save $100 or more each year by unplugging your appliances and devices when they’re not in use. Bonus: When you unplug, you’re also protecting them from damage that could occur during power surges.

What’s known as standby power can add up to 5% to 10% of your monthly electricity bill, according to the US Department of Energy. Electronics can draw power when not in use: Your laptop’s sleep mode, for instance, is different from being turned off, and it can still use energy.

Your home entertainment system can use electricity to keep some indicator lights on, including the ones, ironically enough, that tell you the system is off. And if you are the type who has one or two mobile phone chargers always plugged in, ready to revive your low-battery phone, know that those too are raising your bill.

Granted, it may be too much of a hassle to unplug your washer/dryer when not in use, but you can work on not letting your phone charger, coffee maker, and computer eat up electricity when not in use.

2. Replace Old Appliances

Is your dishwasher, refrigerator, or clothes dryer reaching the end of its lifespan? Do yourself and your budget a favor and opt for an energy-efficient model.

Although this strategy means you need to spend money up front, ENERGY STAR®-certified appliances can save significant dollars in the long run. In general, a home appliance lasts for 10 to 20 years, on average, with ENERGY STAR-designated ones can save you up to $450 a year on your utility bills, according to the US EPA (Environmental Protection Agency).

Plus, you can sometimes get federal, state, or local rebates when you purchase energy-efficient appliances, so it might be wise to research this before you buy. You could wind up with even lower costs this way.

3. Wash Clothes in Cold Water

When you wash your clothes in cold water, you save significantly on energy usage, while also being kinder to your clothes. ColdWaterSaves.org shares that 90% of the energy used while washing clothes goes towards heating the water.

To put a dollar figure on this, the site calculates that the average household could save $200 per year by switching from washing laundry in warm or hot water to using cold instead. And guess what? Today’s detergent technology uses enzymes that actually work more effectively in cold water.

Also make sure your loads are full to save even more money; you’ll do your laundry less frequently that way.

Recommended: How to Save on Streaming Services

4. Dial Down Your Hot Water Heater

Here’s an especially easy hack—heck to see where your hot water heater’s thermostat is set. If it’s above 120 degrees Fahrenheit, consider lowering it! For every ten degrees that you dial it down, you could save 3% to 5% on your energy bills. Plus, you’ll make it less likely that someone in your family gets burned by hot water.

5. Dry Clothes More Efficiently

According to Energy.gov, in a standard household, the appliance that uses the most energy is the dryer. To calculate your costs, try the calculator they provide, and follow the following tips. They’re ideas for how to save on utilities.

•  Right-size your loads. Too full, and it takes too long for your clothes to dry. Too small? You’ll be spending too much energy per item as you dry them.

•  Air-dry on a rack when you can.

•  Add wool or rubber dryer balls to cut down drying time.

•  Regularly clean your dryer’s lint filter.

•  Use the lower heat settings to use less energy.

•  If your dryer has a cool-down cycle, use it.

•  If your dryer has a moisture sensor option, use that as well.

2 Ways to Save Money on Your Water Bill

The national median water bill is about $30 or $35 a month, though some people may pay two or three times that amount. Follow this advice to take your costs down a notch and put the funds into, say, a high-yield savings account.

1. Invest in Efficient Appliances

Is it time for a new washer? If so, note that energy-efficient washers typically use 40% to 50% less energy and use 55% less water than conventional models. This switch can save you up to $60 a year on utility and water bills.

2. Shower Smarter

By going with a lower-flow showerhead, you can significantly reduce water usage, to the tune of $70 a year. Want to save even more? Become a fan of the five-minute shower, and quit sending money (quite literally) down the drain.

Recommended: Savings Account Calculator

3 Ways to Save Money on Your Gas Bill

The average gas bill in the US is about $63 but could be even lower if you follow these tips.

1. Save on Heating and Cooling Costs

By resetting your thermostat, you may be able to save a significant amount.

You might be able to save about 1% of your energy costs for each degree that you adjust for an eight-hour period, and the Department of Energy recommends that you adjust your thermostat by seven to ten degrees (up in summer, down in winter) for an eight-hour period each day to annualize savings of as much as 10%.

If you have a smart thermostat, you could set it to be higher or lower when you’re out at work. You might also reset it overnight, when you’re sleeping.

For example, the Department of Energy recommends keeping your thermostat at 68 degrees when you’re up and about in winter, and at 58 when you’re away from home or sleeping. When the season is warm, their recommendation is to keep your thermostat at 78 degrees when you’re home, and at 85 when you’re not.

Recommended: How to Automate Your Finances

2. Go Solar

If you really want to invest in your energy efficiency, you could also consider solar panels to create clean electricity and minimize your gas usage. You can potentially receive tax credits for going green this way. Living sustainably can really pay off in multiple ways!

Yes, installing solar panels requires a big investment; one that will take years to amortize. But by starting on the path to passive energy, you’ll be on your way to saving for decades to come.

3. Seal Up Your Home

Ready for another idea for how to save on utilities? In cold weather, warm air can escape through drafty windows and doors; in hot weather, the cool air your air conditioning is pumping out can vanish the same way. By weather sealing your home, you can save up to 10% of your energy bill. That means weather stripping and adding insulation (important ways to help maintain your home’s value) can really pay off.

The Takeaway

There are many ways you may be able to save money on your electricity, gas, and water bills. No matter the strategy you choose, stashing your money in a bank with minimal fees and a solid interest rate is an important move.

Interested in opening an online bank account? When you sign up for a SoFi Checking and Savings account with eligible direct deposit, you’ll get a competitive annual percentage yield (APY), pay zero account fees, and enjoy an array of rewards, such as access to the Allpoint Network of 55,000+ fee-free ATMs globally. Qualifying accounts can even access their paycheck up to two days early.

FAQ

What’s a good way to save on electricity costs?

One good way to save on electricity costs is to unplug electronics and other devices (your laptop, phone chargers, coffee maker) when not in use. Keeping them plugged in costs money.

What runs up your electrical bill the most?

Heating and cooling are the single biggest portion of your energy bill, accounting for up to 45% of your costs.

How can I save on my gas bill?

Calibrating your thermostat can be a big money saver, as can weather sealing your home.

SoFi Checking and Savings is offered through SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. The SoFi® Bank Debit Mastercard® is issued by SoFi Bank, N.A., pursuant to license by Mastercard International Incorporated and can be used everywhere Mastercard is accepted. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated.

Annual percentage yield (APY) is variable and subject to change at any time. Rates are current as of 12/23/25. There is no minimum balance requirement. Fees may reduce earnings. Additional rates and information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet

Eligible Direct Deposit means a recurring deposit of regular income to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government benefit payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Eligible Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network every 31 calendar days.

Although we do our best to recognize all Eligible Direct Deposits, a small number of employers, payroll providers, benefits providers, or government agencies do not designate payments as direct deposit. To ensure you're earning the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit, we encourage you to check your APY Details page the day after your Eligible Direct Deposit posts to your SoFi account. If your APY is not showing as the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit, contact us at 855-456-7634 with the details of your Eligible Direct Deposit. As long as SoFi Bank can validate those details, you will start earning the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit from the date you contact SoFi for the next 31 calendar days. You will also be eligible for the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit on future Eligible Direct Deposits, as long as SoFi Bank can validate them.

Deposits that are not from an employer, payroll, or benefits provider or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, Wise, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, or are non-recurring in nature (e.g., IRS tax refunds), do not constitute Eligible Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Eligible Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate. SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder's Eligible Direct Deposit activity to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility.

See additional details at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.
*Awards or rankings from NerdWallet are not indicative of future success or results. This award and its ratings are independently determined and awarded by their respective publications.

We do not charge any account, service or maintenance fees for SoFi Checking and Savings. We do charge a transaction fee to process each outgoing wire transfer. SoFi does not charge a fee for incoming wire transfers, however the sending bank may charge a fee. Our fee policy is subject to change at any time. See the SoFi Bank Fee Sheet for details at sofi.com/legal/banking-fees/.
^Early access to direct deposit funds is based on the timing in which we receive notice of impending payment from the Federal Reserve, which is typically up to two days before the scheduled payment date, but may vary.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.
Tax Information: This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or tax advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or tax advice.

SOBNK-Q425-007

What can you do if you’re buying or living in a home that’s considered “high risk” because of its location or other factors, and you can’t find the insurance protection you need? In some states, including Florida and California, where insurers are limiting their coverage or exiting the market altogether, it can be challenging to find a renters or homeowners policy. You may even find the insurer you’ve had for years is no longer willing to provide coverage.

There’s no need to panic just yet, or give up on your efforts to get the policy you want or need. There may be options you haven’t thought about that are just a few computer taps away.

What Makes a Home, Area, or State High Risk?

There are a few different factors that can make a home, neighborhood, region, or state high risk when it comes to getting insurance coverage. Some of these factors may affect homeowners only, while others can affect both homeowners and renters.

Sometimes a home is determined to be high risk because it’s fallen into a state of disrepair. The insurance company may say, for example, that the home needs a new roof, the foundation is unsafe, or the plumbing or electricity needs updating. If that’s the case, following through on those repairs may make it easier to keep or qualify for a traditional homeowners policy.

It’s also possible that the way the home is constructed — with certain types of building materials or a roof style that doesn’t meet the insurer’s underwriting standards — is making it harder to get insurance. Or it could be that the home is in an area that makes it more vulnerable to certain crimes, such as burglary or vandalism. Sometimes, a person’s own history (a criminal background, What Can You Do If You’re Denied Coverage?

Though homeowners and renters insurance policies aren’t mandated by any state or federal laws, mortgage lenders and landlords can and often do require a certain amount of coverage. Even if yours doesn’t, you may find it makes sense to get a policy to protect yourself, your home, and/or your belongings.

It can be frustrating and scary to find out you’ve been denied the insurance you want or need, or that the policy you have is being canceled. Here are a few things you can do to find protection:

Shop Around

There are many insurance companies out there, so don’t feel as though you have to give up just because the carrier you wanted won’t cover you. You may be able to find a similar or better policy online, or you could search the old-fashioned way and call around. While you’re looking, try not to limit your options based on brand names or because you have car insurance or another type of policy through a certain company.

If you’re buying homeowners insurance: Before you start shopping, consider how much and what types of coverage you need and what your lender requires. Depending on where you live, you may need to buy additional protection for flooding, earthquakes, sinkholes, etc. This coverage is usually not a part of a basic homeowners policy.

If you’re buying a home, you may want to ask the current homeowners or your new neighbors what coverage they think is necessary.

If you’re buying renters insurance: Keep in mind that even though your landlord might have insurance that covers the building you’re living in, that policy won’t cover your possessions should they be damaged or stolen. And the landlord’s policy probably won’t pay for additional living expenses if you need to move out while your unit undergoes repairs.

As you shop renters policies, it’s important to compare apples to apples, and to be sure you’re getting the renters insurance coverage you might need in a worst-case scenario. Remember: Most renters policies won’t cover damage from flooding. To be sure you’re protected, you’ll likely need to purchase a separate renters policy from the National Flood Insurance Program, which is managed by FEMA.

Use a Broker or Independent Insurance Agent

If you don’t have the time to shop for a policy yourself, you may want to hire an insurance broker or independent insurance agent to get quotes from multiple insurers for you. Before you get started in this process, it’s a good idea to be clear on how your insurance professional will be paid (fee, commission, or both), and how broad or limited the policy search will be.

Contact Your State Department of Insurance

The consumer division of your state insurance department can provide you with a list of insurers that are writing policies in your area. And they may be able to help you work with your current provider regarding a nonrenewal — that is, if the company isn’t pulling out of the state altogether.

Ask Your Current Insurance Professional for Advice

If your current insurance company is leaving your region or state and you need to change your homeowners insurance, your representative — who is familiar with your policy needs — may have suggestions for which companies you could try next.

Consider a FAIR Plan

Many states have Fair Access to Insurance Requirements (FAIR) plans available for homeowners who can’t get a traditional homeowners policy. FAIR insurance coverage is different for each state, but generally, these are bare-bones policies provided by a pool of insurance companies. They often do not include personal liability coverage, and you may have to make upgrades to your property to get or keep your policy.

A FAIR plan may be your last resort if you can’t get a policy anywhere else. Still, it’s important to be clear on what you are getting — and what your premium will be — before moving forward.

Look into Beach and Windstorm Plans

If you live in a coastal state that is prone to wind and hail damage, you may want to look into getting a beach and windstorm insurance plan. These plans are similar to FAIR plans and can provide coverage to homeowners in areas that aren’t insured through the voluntary insurance market.

Recommended: Renters and Homeowners Insurance Definitions

Can You Go Without Insurance If You Can’t Get Coverage?

Although you aren’t legally required to purchase a renters or homeowners policy, you may not have a choice. If you’re renting, your landlord might say it’s a must. And if you’re buying or still owe money on your home, your mortgage company will let you know how much homeowners insurance you need.

If you can’t get a policy, or if the coverage is deemed insufficient, your mortgage company might buy “force-placed” insurance for your home. With force-placed insurance, the lender typically pays upfront for the insurance, then adds the premium cost to your monthly mortgage payment. You won’t have control over the type of coverage you get, or the policy limits, and it might be more expensive than the policy you would purchase for yourself.

You also may be required to have homeowners insurance if you live in a condominium or co-op.

Recommended: Is Homeowners Insurance Required to Buy a Home?

What Are the Downsides of Going Without Coverage?

Even if you don’t have to get insurance, you may want to seriously consider the downsides of going without coverage. You might discover that the security a policy can offer is worth the extra effort or cost involved with finding coverage.

If you’re a homeowner: It’s quite likely your home is your biggest asset, and insurance can help you protect that investment and your overall financial wellness. Your homeowners policy doesn’t just cover the structure you live in; it also insures your belongings and provides liability protection in case of an injury or property damage.

If you’re a renter: Your personal property (furniture, electronics, clothes, jewelry, etc.) may be worth more than you think, and renters insurance can help you pay to replace belongings that are damaged or stolen. Renters insurance also typically includes coverage for property damage, or if a guest is accidentally hurt, or if your pet bites someone.

Recommended: What Does Renters Insurance Cover?

Worried about how much renters insurance costs and if it’s worth it? Usually, renters insurance is much less expensive than homeowners insurance, so you may want to at least check the price before passing on coverage.

The Takeaway

It can be frustrating and stressful to learn that you can’t get the insurance coverage you need for your home and belongings, or that you’re losing the coverage you thought you could count on. But just because one company won’t offer you a policy doesn’t mean you don’t have other options. You may have to spend a little extra time searching for the right policy, though, or get a little help finding the appropriate amount of coverage at an affordable price.

When the unexpected happens, it’s good to know you have a plan to protect your loved ones and your finances. SoFi has teamed up with some of the best insurance companies in the industry to provide members with fast, easy, and reliable insurance.

Explore renters insurance options offered through SoFi via Experian.

FAQ

Is homeowners insurance required to buy a home?

While homeowners insurance isn’t required by state or federal laws, if you’re financing the home, your mortgage lender will likely require that you have a certain amount of coverage.

Is renters insurance required?

Renters insurance isn’t required by law, but your landlord or property management company may require that you purchase a renters policy.

How much renters insurance do I need?

To determine how much renters insurance you should purchase, you may want to do a quick inventory of what you own, including clothing, jewelry, electronics, artwork, furniture, etc. Then, using receipts if you have them, estimate how much it’s all worth.

How much homeowners insurance do I need?

If you’re financing your home, your mortgage lender will likely require a certain amount of insurance coverage. But you may want to purchase additional coverage based on your assets and the types of protection you want. Your insurance company can help you determine the appropriate amount of coverage.

Photo credit: iStock/svetikd

Auto Insurance: Must have a valid driver’s license. Not available in all states.
Home and Renters Insurance: Insurance not available in all states.
Experian is a registered trademark of Experian.
SoFi Insurance Agency, LLC. (“”SoFi””) is compensated by Experian for each customer who purchases a policy through the SoFi-Experian partnership.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

SOPRO-Q425-005

An adjustable-rate mortgage (also called an ARM) is a mortgage where the interest rate changes. Monthly payments may go up or down, following the larger interest-rate market. Borrowers may be looking to save money with this type of mortgage because there’s usually an introductory period where the interest rate is lower than what they could get with a fixed-rate loan. The monthly payment is lower as a result.

Adjustable-rate mortgages can make sense in certain situations, such as when buyers only plan to own a home for a few years or for those looking to buy a home in a high-interest-rate environment. However, they’re not your only option if you’re looking at getting a mortgage in a high-interest-rate environment.

Before you commit to an ARM, it’s important to understand what exactly it is and how it works. Keep reading to discover the pros and cons of an ARM and how the variable rate on an ARM is determined. You’ll come away understanding when it does (and doesn’t) make sense to get an ARM.

What Is an Adjustable-Rate Mortgage (ARM)?

An adjustable-rate mortgage is a type of mortgage loan where the interest rate can change periodically throughout the life of the loan. This means your monthly payment might increase or decrease over time.

They typically come in shorter terms, such as five, seven, or ten years. The adjustment period (how often the interest rate is evaluated and changed) is usually six months or one year. They may be useful as a financing tool for short-term situations, but there are some things to consider before taking on a mortgage like this.

How Adjustable-Rate Mortgages Work

The terms of an adjustable-rate mortgage are determined at the outset of the loan. You’ll decide on a type of ARM, apply with the lender of your choice, and start making payments once the loan closes.

What’s different about an ARM from other home mortgage loans is the interest rate will adjust periodically and your monthly payment will change. It’s typical to see an introductory period (a number of years) where your interest rate doesn’t change, however.

Types of Adjustable-Rate Mortgages

If you’ve started to look into financing a home purchase, then you’ve probably seen loans labeled with different numerals. Maybe you’re wondering, what is a 5/1 ARM? When you’re choosing mortgage terms, the different types of ARMs you can get correspond to the different terms (with 5-, 7-, and 10-year ARMs being the most common) and adjustment periods (typically 1 year or six months). An ARM is labeled with two numbers, first with the number of years in the introductory period, followed by the period when the interest rate will reset. A 5/1 ARM, for example, has a 5-year introductory period followed by one adjustment per year to the interest rate.

Here are some other examples:

•  5/6: A five-year term with an adjustment period of six months.

•  7/1: A seven-year term with an adjustment period of one year.

•  7/6: A seven-year term with an adjustment period of six months.

•  10/1: A 10-year term with an adjustment period of one year.

•  10/6: A 10-year term with an adjustment period of six months.

Recommended: Is a 10-Year Mortgage A Good Option?

Pros and Cons of Adjustable-Rate Mortgages

If you’re considering an ARM, you’re probably weighing the lower payment against future financial positions you’ll need to take. There are some other pros and cons to consider.

Pros of an ARM

•  Many different term lengths to choose from

•  Low annual percentage rate

•  May start with a lower monthly payment than a fixed-rate mortgage

•  May be slightly easier to qualify for

Cons of an ARM

•  Interest rate can change

•  You could end up with a higher monthly payment

•  If you’re unable to afford the higher monthly payment, your home could be in danger of foreclosure

Recommended: Cost of Living by State

How the Variable Rate on ARMs Is Determined

To fully understand how does an adjustable-rate mortgage work, it helps to see what’s going on behind the scenes of an ARM and how the rate is determined. You’ll be looking at these four components:

1.   Index

2.   Margin

3.   Interest rate cap structure

4.   Initial interest rate period

Index

The cost of an ARM is tied to a market index, generally the secured overnight financing rate (SOFR). These can increase when the federal funds rate rises.

Margin

The margin is the percentage points added to the cost of the index. It is disclosed when you apply for the loan and can vary from lender to lender, so be sure to shop around!

The interest rate on your ARM is equal to the index plus the margin.

Interest rate cap structure

There are three types of rate caps: initial, periodic, and lifetime. For the initial period, the cap is on how much interest you’ll be charged in the first period of your loan. For example, in a 5/1 ARM, you’ll have an interest rate that stays the same for the initial period of 5 years.

When your initial period is over, you’ll have periodic adjustments. These will have a separate cap for how much your interest rate can increase over the defined period (usually six months or a year).

You’ll also have a cap on how much your interest rate can increase over the life of the loan.

Initial interest rate period

The cost of an ARM is also determined by how long the interest remains constant for the initial period. ARMs with longer initial periods generally have higher rates. A 7/1 ARM will have a higher APR than a 5/1 ARM, for example.

💡 Quick Tip: Generally, the lower your debt-to-income ratio, the better loan terms you’ll be offered. One way to improve your ratio is to increase your income (hello, side hustle!). Another way is to consolidate your debt and lower your monthly debt payments.

Adjustable-Rate Mortgage vs. Fixed-Interest Mortgage

When it comes to fixed-rate vs. adjustable-rate mortgages, the mortgages are structured very differently. Here’s a quick breakdown of the major differences:

The main difference between fixed-rate and adjustable mortgages is in how you pay interest on the loan. With a fixed loan, the interest is paid with regular monthly payments, which are fairly set (except for fluctuations with escrow items). With an adjustable-rate mortgage, the interest you pay can change.

The other major difference between the two types of mortgages is the term length. Fixed mortgages are often financed at 15- or 30-year terms. ARMs are usually held for shorter periods of time.

💡 Quick Tip: A major home purchase may mean a jumbo loan, but it doesn’t have to mean a jumbo down payment. Apply for a jumbo mortgage with SoFi, and you could put as little as 10% down.

Example of When Adjustable-Rate Mortgages Makes Sense

There are a few scenarios where an ARM makes sense.

•  If you’re only planning to keep the home (or keep the mortgage) for a few years.

•  Interest rates are very high.

In each of these situations, borrowers — including first-time homebuyers — don’t plan to hold onto the mortgage long-term. They’re looking to sell the property or refinance at a future date.

However, there are times where an ARM doesn’t make a lot of sense.

Example of When Adjustable-Rate Mortgages Doesn’t Make Sense

An ARM may not make sense when the interest rate for a fixed-rate mortgage is low. This was common just a few years ago, and buyers who have these low-interest, fixed-rate mortgages don’t need to worry about getting another mortgage.

If you’re considering purchasing a home with an ARM, you may also want to look at buying down the interest rate on a fixed-rate mortgage with points, especially if you plan on staying in the home long-term.

Can You Refinance an ARM?

Many borrowers get an ARM with the expectation that they will be able to refinance into a different mortgage at a later date. Refinancing any mortgage, including an ARM, will depend on your ability to qualify for the new loan. If your credit score or income take a serious hit, for example, you may not be able to refinance an ARM to get a more attractive rate. It’s also possible market conditions may change and the property could decline in value to the point that it isn’t a good candidate for a refinance. Remember, too, that when you refinance there are typically closing costs to pay on the new loan. That said, it’s a good idea to explore whether you can lower your monthly payment.

Adjustable-Rate Mortgage Tips

To keep your ARM manageable, you may want to consider some of the following tips:

•  Look at the rate cap structure. Make sure you can handle the monthly payment all the way to the cap rate, which is the limit on how much your interest rate will increase.

•  Watch for fees or penalties. If you pay off the ARM early, you may be subject to several thousand dollars in penalties or fees. Be aware of what you could be on the hook for.

•  Shop around for mortgage rates. The interest rate caps and margins will be different from lender to lender. Get a loan estimate to ensure you’re comparing apples to apples.

•  Work with someone you trust. It’s incredibly valuable to work with a lender you trust to give you good advice.

The Takeaway

Many borrowers may be considering an ARM at the moment, but you still need to make sure it’s the right financial tool for you. Adjustable-rate mortgage costs can increase when interest rates increase and, for some borrowers, monthly mortgage payments might become unmanageable. However, it is possible that an ARM could be the right solution for buyers who don’t plan on keeping the home long-term, or for those who believe they’ll be able to refinance into a less expensive mortgage in a few years.

Looking for an affordable option for a home mortgage loan? SoFi can help: We offer low down payments (as little as 3% - 5%*) with our competitive and flexible home mortgage loans. Plus, applying is extra convenient: It's online, with access to one-on-one help.

FAQ

Is it ever a good idea to get an adjustable-rate mortgage?

You should get in contact with a lender if you’re wondering about whether or not an adjustable-rate mortgage is right for you. Some borrowers find it makes sense if they’re looking for financing that’s geared toward short-term situations.

What is the main downside of an adjustable-rate mortgage?

Adjustable-rate mortgages have interest rates that can rise periodically, at intervals of every 6 months or a year. You could end up with a higher mortgage payment.

What is the major risk of an ARM mortgage?

The major risk of an ARM is when it becomes unaffordable after an adjustment period. If a payment can’t be made, the risk is going down the path to foreclosure. This can happen after the introductory period ends or if an adjustment significantly raises the monthly payment.

Photo credit: iStock/Andrii Yalanskyi

SoFi Mortgages
Terms, conditions, and state restrictions apply. Not all products are available in all states. See SoFi.com/eligibility-criteria for more information.

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

SOHL-Q425-055