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Other than possible lender-imposed waiting periods after a mortgage loan closes, you can generally refinance your home as many times as you like. But you’ll want to do the math first.

Homeowners choose to refinance for a number of reasons: to lower monthly payments, take advantage of lower interest rates, get better terms, pay the loan off more quickly, or eliminate private mortgage insurance.

Refinancing involves paying off the current mortgage with a second loan that has (hopefully) better terms. Borrowers don’t have to stay with the same lender—it’s possible to shop around for the best deals.

Mortgage rates seem to be constantly in flux, moving mostly in parallel with the federal interest rate. In 2021, the average rate of a 30-year fixed mortgage was 2.96%. In 2022, as the Federal Reserve raised interest rates to try to tame inflation, mortgage rates began to rise and jumped to more than 7%. By mid-June 2023, the average rate of a 30-year fixed mortgage was 6.69%.

So is now the right time for you to refinance? Here are some things to consider before taking the plunge.

The Basics of Mortgage Refinancing

Because a homeowner who chooses to refinance is essentially taking out a new loan, the cost of acquiring the new loan must be compared with potential savings. It could take years to recoup the cost of refinancing.

As with the initial mortgage loan, a refinance requires a number of steps, including credit checks, underwriting, and possibly an appraisal.

Typically, however, many homeowners start with an online search for the rates they qualify for. (A lower average mortgage rate doesn’t necessarily translate to an individual offer—creditworthiness, debt-to-income ratio, income, and other factors similar to what’s required for an initial mortgage will matter.)

The secret sauce that makes up a mortgage refinance rate might seem like a mystery, but there are some common factors that can affect your offer:

•  Credit score: As a general rule, higher credit scores translate to lower interest rates. A number of financial institutions and credit card companies will give account holders access to their credit scores for free, and a number of independent sites offer a free peek, too.
•  Loan term/type: Is the loan a 30-year fixed? A 15-year? Variable rate? The selected loan repayment terms are likely to affect the interest rate.
•  Down payment: A refinance doesn’t typically require cash upfront, as a first-time mortgage usually does, but any cash that can be put toward the value of a loan can help reduce payments.
•  Home value vs. loan amount: If a home loan is extra large (or extra small), interest rates could be higher. But generally speaking, the less the mortgage amount is compared with the value of the home, the lower the interest rates may be.
•  Points: Some refinance offers come with the option to take “points” in exchange for a lower interest rate. In simplest terms, points are discounts in the form of a fee that’s paid upfront in exchange for a lower interest rate.
•  Location, location, location: Where the property is physically located matters not only in its value but in the interest rate you might receive.

What Types of Refinance Loans Are Out There?

As with first-time home loans, consumers have a number of refinance mortgage options available to them. The two most common types involve either changing the terms of the original loan or taking out cash based on the home’s equity.

A rate-and-term refinance changes the interest rate, repayment term, or sometimes both at once. Homeowners might seek out this type of refinance loan when there’s a drop in interest rates, and it could save them money for both the short term and the life of the loan.

A cash-out refinance can also change the terms or interest rate, but it includes cash back to the homeowner based on the home’s equity.

Within those two basic types of refinance options, conventional mortgages from traditional lenders are the most common. But refinancing can also happen through a number of government programs.

Some, like USDA-backed loans , require the initial mortgage to be a part of the program as well, but others, such as the VA, have a VA-to-VA refinance loan called an interest rate reduction refinance loan and a non-VA loan to a VA-backed refinance , so it’s important to shop around to find the best option.

How Early Can I Refinance My Home?

If a home purchase comes with immediate equity—it was purchased as a foreclosure or short sale, for example—the temptation to cash out immediately with a refinance may be strong. The same could be true if interest rates fall dramatically soon after the ink is dry on a mortgage. Especially for conventional loans, it may be possible to refinance right away. Others may require a waiting period.

For example, there can be a six-month waiting period for a cash-out refinance. Or, refinancing via government programs like the FHA streamline refinance or VA’s interest rate reduction refinance loan can require waiting periods of 210 days.

Lenders can require a waiting period (also called a “seasoning period”) until they refinance their own loans for a number of reasons, including assurance insurance that the original loan is in good standing.

For a cash-out refinance, some lenders may also require that the home has at least 20% equity.

Questions to Ask Before You Refinance

Just because you can refinance doesn’t necessarily mean you should. First, ask yourself these questions.

What Is the Goal?

Identifying the endgame of a mortgage refinance can help determine whether now is the right time. If a lower monthly payment is the goal, it can be wise to play around with a refinance calculator to see just how much a lower interest rate will help.

For years, it has been a general rule that a refinance should lower the interest rate by at least 2 percentage points to be worth it. Some lenders believe 1 percentage point is still beneficial (each percentage point amounts to roughly $100 a month in payment reduction), but anything less than that and the savings could be eaten up by closing costs.

What Is the Total Repayment Amount?

It’s important to remember that a lower monthly payment—even if it’s significantly less—doesn’t necessarily equal savings in the long run.

If a mortgage with 20 years remaining is refinanced to lower the monthly payment, for example, the most affordable option could be a 30-year mortgage. But is the lower monthly payment worth it if you’ll be paying it off for 10 additional years?

Will I Need Cash to Close?

One of the biggest differences between a first-time mortgage and a refinance is the amount it costs to close the loan. Many times, closing costs for a refinance can be rolled into the loan, requiring no cash at the outset.

Closing costs typically come in at 2% to 5% of the loan amount, and although they can be rolled into the loan and paid off over time, that could mean the new monthly payment isn’t as low as planned.

One way to make sure the investment is worth the cost is to consider how long it would take you to reach the break-even point, which is when you recoup the costs of refinancing. For instance, if it takes you 24 months to reach the break-even point, and you plan on living in your home for at least that long, refinancing may make sense for you.

Considering refinancing your home? SoFi offers mortgage refinance loans with competitive interest rates.

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

SoFi Mortgages
Terms, conditions, and state restrictions apply. Not all products are available in all states. See SoFi.com/eligibility-criteria for more information.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

SOHL0623044

Maybe you’ve considered refinancing your mortgage, but haven’t quite decided. Is now the right time? Will rates go lower?

It can be hard to know when to take the plunge.

Whether you purchased a home recently or bought a home years ago, you probably know the average mortgage rates now are high compared to the near-historic lows in early 2021.

But as with any financial rate or data point, it is hard—if not impossible—to time the market or predict the future.

Homeowners often look to refinance when it could benefit them in some way, like with a lower monthly payment. Refinancing is the process of paying off a mortgage with new financing, ideally at a lower rate or with some other, more favorable, set of terms.

Here are seven signs that locking in a lower mortgage rate could be the right move.

7 Signs It May Be Smart to Refinance Your Mortgage

1. You Can Break Even Fairly Quickly

Refinancing a mortgage costs money—generally 2% to 5% of the principal amount. So if you are refinancing to save money, you’ll likely want to run numbers to be sure the math checks out.

To calculate the break-even point on a mortgage refinance—when savings exceed costs—do this:

1. Determine your monthly savings by subtracting your projected new monthly mortgage payment from your current monthly payment.
2. Find your tax rate (e.g., 22%) and subtract it from 1 for your after-tax rate.
3. Multiply monthly savings by the after-tax rate. This is your after-tax savings.
4. Take the total fees and closing costs of the new mortgage loan and divide that number by your monthly after-tax savings. This yields the number of months it will take to recover the costs of refinancing—or the break-even point.

For example, if you’re refinancing a $300,000, 30-year mortgage that has a fixed 6% rate to a 4% rate, refinancing will reduce your original monthly payment from $1,799 to $1,432 — a monthly savings of $367. Assuming a tax rate of 22%, the after-tax rate would be 0.78, which results in an after-tax savings of $286.26. If you have $12,000 in refinancing costs, it will take nearly 42 months to recoup the costs of refinancing ($12,000 / $286.26 = 41.9).

The length of time you intend to own the home can affect whether refinancing is worth the expense. You’ll want to run the calculations to make sure that you can break even on a timeline that works for you.

The rate and fees usually work in tandem. The lower the rate, the higher the cost. (“Buying down the rate” means paying an extra fee in the form of discount points. One point costs 1% of the mortgage amount.)

If you’re shopping, each mortgage lender you apply with is required to give you a loan estimate within three days of your application so you can compare terms and annual percentage rates. The APR, which includes the interest rate, points, and lender fees, reflects the true cost of borrowing.

2. You Can Reduce the Rate by at Least 0.5%

You may have heard conflicting ideas about when you should consider refinancing. The reason is that there is no one-size-fits-all answer; individual loan scenarios and goals differ.

One commonly espoused rule of thumb is that the home refinance rate should be a minimum of two percentage points lower than an existing mortgage’s rate. What may work for each individual depends on things like loan amount, interest rate, fees, and more.

However, the combination of larger mortgages and lenders offering lower closing cost options has changed that. For a large mortgage, even a change of 0.5% could result in significant savings, especially if the homeowner can avoid or minimize lender fees.

If rates drop low enough, you might even choose to take a higher rate with a no closing cost refi.

3. You Can Afford to Refinance to a 15-Year Mortgage

When you refinance a loan, you are getting an entirely new loan with new terms. Depending on your eligibility, it is possible to adjust aspects of your loan beyond the interest rate, such as the loan’s term or the type of loan (fixed vs. adjustable).

If you’re looking to save major money over the duration of your mortgage loan, you may want to consider a shorter term, such as 15 years. Shortening the term of your mortgage from 30 years to 15 years will likely cost you more monthly, but it could save thousands in interest over the life of the loan.

For example, a 30-year $1 million loan at a 7.5% interest rate would carry a monthly payment of approximately $6,992 and a total cost of around $1,517,172 over the life of the loan.

Refinancing to a 15-year mortgage with a 5.5% rate would result in a higher monthly payment, about $8,171, but the shorter maturity would result in total loan interest of around $470,750—an interest savings over the life of the loan of about $1,046,422 vs. the 30-year term.

One more perk: Lenders often charge a lower interest rate for a 15-year mortgage than for a 30-year home loan.

4. You’re Interested in Securing a Fixed Rate

Borrowers may take out an adjustable-rate mortgage because they may get a lower rate (at least initially) than on a fixed-rate mortgage for the same property. But just as the name states, the rate will adjust with market fluctuations.

Typically, ARMs for second mortgages such as home equity lines of credit are “pegged” to the prime rate, which generally moves in lockstep with the federal funds rate. First mortgage ARM rates are tied more closely to mortgage-backed securities or the 10-year Treasury note.

Even though ARM loans come with yearly and lifetime interest rate caps, if you believe that interest rates will move higher in the future and you plan to keep your loan for a while, you may want to consider a more stable fixed rate.

Refinancing to a fixed mortgage can protect your loan against rate increases in the future and provide the security of knowing how much you’ll be paying on your mortgage each month—no matter what the markets do.

5. You’re Considering an ARM

You may also be considering a move in the other direction—switching from a fixed-rate mortgage to an adjustable-rate mortgage. This could potentially make sense for someone with a 30-year fixed loan but who plans to leave their home much sooner.

For example, you could get a 7/1 ARM with a potential lower interest rate for the first seven years, and then the rate may change once a year, when up for review, as the market changes. If you plan to move on before higher rate changes, you could potentially save money.

It’s best to know exactly when the rate and payment will adjust, and how high. And it’s important to understand the loan’s margin, index, yearly and lifetime rate caps, and payments. For further details, try using an online mortgage calculator

6. You’re Considering a Strategic Cash-Out Refi

In addition to updating the rate and terms of a mortgage loan, it may be possible to do a cash-out refinance, when you take out a new loan at a higher loan amount by tapping into available equity.

The lender will provide you with cash and in exchange will increase your loan amount, which will likely result in a higher monthly payment.

If you go this route, realize that you’re taking on more debt and using the equity you have built up in your home. Market value changes may result in a loss of home value and equity. Also, a mortgage loan is secured by your home, which means that the lender can seize the property if you are unable to make mortgage payments.

A cash-out refi may make sense if you use it as a tool to pay less interest on your overall debt load. Using the cash from the refinance to pay off debts carrying higher rates, like credit cards, could be a good move.

Recommended: How Does Cash Out Refinancing Work?

Depending on loan terms and other factors, a lower rate may allow for overall faster repayment of your other debts.

7. Your Financial Situation Has Improved

When putting together an offer for a mortgage, a lender will often take multiple aspects into consideration. One of those is prevailing interest rates. Another is your financial situation, like your credit history, credit score, income, and debt-to-income ratio.

The better your personal financial situation in the eyes of the lender, the more creditworthy you are—and the better the terms of your loan offer could be.

Therefore, it may be possible to refinance your mortgage loan into better terms if your financial situation has improved since you took out the original loan, especially when paired with relatively low market rates.

Recommended: Guide to Buying, Selling, and Updating Your Home

The Takeaway

Is it time to refinance? It might be if you could get a lower interest rate or better loan term. For instance, locking in a lower rate now may help you achieve your long-term goals by freeing up cash for other stuff, like retirement or a big vacation.

If you decide that refinancing makes sense for you, it’s wise to look for a lender that has competitive rates and flexible terms, like SoFi. Along with a streamlined process, SoFi offers a regular mortgage refinance and a cash-out refinance.

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

SoFi Mortgages
Terms, conditions, and state restrictions apply. Not all products are available in all states. See SoFi.com/eligibility-criteria for more information.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

SOHL0623062

You’ve decided to buy a home. Luckily, you’ve found a real estate agent who can help you find homes to look at and assist with negotiations and inspections. But what if that agent also works for the seller? But what if that person also works for the seller? That is called dual agency, and there’s a lot to consider before agreeing to the arrangement.

Here’s what future homebuyers need to know about dual agency to help decide if it’s the right choice for them.

What Is Dual Agency?

A dual agent represents both the buyer and seller in the same real estate deal. Dual agents are also sometimes referred to as transaction brokers.

Dual agency can be controversial and is banned in eight states: Alaska, Colorado, Florida, Kansas, Maryland, Oklahoma, Texas, Vermont, and Wyoming.

Other states do not explicitly make it illegal, but some do warn against using a dual agent.

For example, the New York Department of State issued a memo advising consumers to be extremely cautious when signing on with a dual agent because in doing so they forfeited their right to an agent’s loyalty.

However, in every state where dual agency is legal, the law requires agents to disclose their work with both the buyer and the seller. Both buyer and seller must agree to use a dual agent and sign a consent form indicating they understand what they are agreeing to.

Dual agency may also refer to deal-making of seller’s agents and buyer’s agents at the same real estate company.

For example, Keller Williams, one of the largest real estate firms in the nation, has both seller’s and buyer’s agents. If one of its seller’s agents puts a home on the market, there’s a decent chance that one of its buyer’s agents may have a client for the property.

This is less controversial and poses fewer issues as it is still two separate people overseeing the seller’s and the buyer’s interests.

Recommended: How to Buy a House Without a Realtor

What Are Agents’ Fiduciary Responsibilities?

Real estate agents are legally bound to represent the best interests of their clients. This means agents are to disclose any information they have that may or may not help their clients in the negotiating phase.

The obligation to disclose could pertain to information on home inspection reports, defects with the house, or anything else that affects the property’s value.

While representing a buyer, an agent must also disclose any existing relationship with the seller.

Be sure to ask real estate agents important questions about how they work and what they’ll do for you so you’ll know whether they’re the right agent for your needs.

A seller’s agent must disclose any relationship with potential buyers and all offers made on the property—unless, in general, the seller has instructed his agent in writing to withhold certain kinds of offers.

Real estate agents are also expected to put their clients’ financial best interests above their own. This could mean putting in an offer below asking price, which would reduce their own commission.

With all of that in mind, it becomes clear that issues of loyalty and confidentiality become challenging in a dual agency situation.

Pros of Dual Agency

Smoother communication: Having one agent representing both the buyer and seller could help create a smoother communication path. Because the person represents both parties, they may be able to speed up any negotiations. In this case, the dual agent may also better understand both the seller’s and the buyer’s timelines, their schedules, and any internal deadlines better than two separate parties could. Buyers wouldn’t have to wait for the seller’s agent to call back and sellers wouldn’t have to wait for a buyer’s agent to call back, because with dual agency they are the same person.

Potentially more information on the home: A dual agent may be able to obtain more information on the home than an agent just representing the potential buyer. In turn, they can relay any pertinent information, such as structural issues, inspection reports, and any updates made to the home, to the potential buyer.

Potentially more access to a larger pool of homes: Remember, dual agency also means a buyer’s agent and seller’s agent working for the same agency. That means, if one home doesn’t work out, the two agents could look internally to find more potential homes their agency represents for the would-be buyers. They may even be able to find a few homes that haven’t hit the market yet.

Possibility for a discount on commission: In a typical real estate transaction, the seller’s agent and buyer’s agent split the commission. A dual agent may be willing to negotiate down their commission since they are double-ending the deal.

Dual agents still have to do their job: In the end, even dual agents must present all offers, prepare all paperwork, present all disclosure agreements, and help to complete the deal.

Recommended: 6 First-Time Homebuyer Mistakes to Avoid

Cons of Dual Agency

Buyers (and sellers) won’t get special treatment: Agents only working for one side will likely be willing to go all out for their client to ensure that the client gets the best deal. An agent working for both sides may be more tempted to get the best deal for themselves to maximize the commission (hey, it’s just human nature to look out for No. 1). A buyer (and a seller) usually wants loyalty above all else when looking for a home. Homebuyers may want to seek out someone who knows what’s needed to buy a house and has their back.

Buyers (and sellers) may not get the price they want: Again, a dual agent’s allegiances are split down the middle during the deal-making process. A seller’s agent is meant to promote the home and get the seller the best price for the home with the fewest contingencies.

A buyer’s agent is on a mission to find every tiny thing that needs to be fixed with the home to get the buyer the best deal they can. If a person is representing both sides, how can they do both? It’s important to discern an agent’s allegiances before signing on the dotted line.

No pushback from the other agent: In a two-sided real estate deal, the two agents will typically go back and forth on the home’s price, any reductions the buyer may want in exchange for repairs, the home’s inspection report, and much more. This creates a system of checks and balances for both sides, which can be important when negotiating a fair deal. However, if one person is playing both sides, things may get muddled, hurting both the seller and the buyer.

The Takeaway

Dual agency is rare in the real estate world because most buyers and sellers want to find an agent who is loyal to them and has their best interests at heart. Still, if you find yourself in a dual agent situation, there is much to know.

There’s another important decision most homebuyers must make: getting the right home loan. Different lenders may offer different terms, rates, or perks that may fit a buyer best.

SoFi offers mortgage loans with competitive rates, an online application, and mortgage loan officers who can answer your questions.

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

SoFi Mortgages
Terms, conditions, and state restrictions apply. Not all products are available in all states. See SoFi.com/eligibility-criteria for more information.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

SOHL0623050

When you’re buying a home, you probably have a million questions that need answering, especially when it comes to getting the proper insurance to protect your investment.

Soon-to-be homeowners may see both title and homeowners insurance on the lending documentation and wonder what the difference is between the two. While both types of insurance can provide vital coverage for homeowners, they differ vastly in their purpose and protection.

What Is Homeowners Insurance?

A homeowners insurance policy protects a home and personal property from loss or damage. It may also provide insurance in the event someone is injured while they are on the property.

Here are some common things homeowners insurance may cover:

•   Damage that may occur in the home, garage, or other buildings on the property
•   Damaged, lost, or stolen personal property, such as furniture
•   Temporary housing expenses if the homeowner must live elsewhere during home repairs

Depending on the policy, homeowners insurance may also cover:

•   Physical injury or property damage to others caused by the homeowner’s negligence
•   An accident that happens at home, or away from home, for which the homeowner is responsible
•   Injuries that take place in or around the home and involve any person who is not a family member of the homeowner
•   Damage or loss of personal property in storage

Some coverage may also apply to lost or stolen money, jewelry, gold, or stamp and coin collections.

Buying Homeowners Insurance

While someone can legally own a home without taking out homeowners insurance, the mortgage loan holder may require the homeowner to purchase an insurance policy. Typically, lenders do require this as a condition of the home loan.

It’s important to understand that homeowners need to insure the home but not the land underneath it. Some natural disasters — tornadoes and lightning, for example — are covered by typical homeowners policies. Floods and earthquakes, however, are not. If you live in an area where floods or earthquakes are common, you may want to consider purchasing extra insurance to cover damages from potential disasters.

Special coverage may also be worthwhile for those who own valuable art, jewelry, computers, or antiques.
There are two policy options that can help homeowners replace insured property in the event of damage or a loss. Replacement cost coverage covers the cost to rebuild the home and replace any of its contents, while actual cash value simply pays the current value of the property at the time of experienced loss.

When it comes time to shop for and buy homeowners insurance, start by asking trusted friends, family, or financial advisors for their recommendations. Do some online research, too. Before you make a final decision, contact multiple companies and request quotes in writing to compare their offerings. That process can give you a good idea of who is offering the best coverage for the most affordable price.

Recommended: Is Homeowners Insurance Required to Buy a Home?

What Is Title Insurance?

Title insurance provides protection against losses and hidden costs that may occur if the title to a property has defects such as encumbrances, liens, or any defects unknown when the title policy was first issued.

The insurer is responsible for reimbursing either the homeowner or the lender for any losses the policy covers, as well as any related legal expenses.

Title insurance can protect both the homeowner and lender if the title of the property is challenged. If there is an alleged title defect, which the homeowner may be unaware of at the time of purchase, title insurance can provide protection to cover any losses resulting from a covered claim.

The policy will cover legal fees incurred if there is a claim against the property.

Recommended: How to Read a Preliminary Title Report

Buying Title Insurance

Both home buyers and lenders can purchase title insurance. If the home buyer is the purchaser, they may want to insure the full value of the property. (The value of the property will affect how much the policy costs). When the lender is the purchaser, they typically only cover the amount of the homeowner’s loan. When it comes time for a home buyer to purchase title insurance, they have full choice of the insurer.

According to the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act (RESPA) of 1974, the seller cannot require the home buyer to purchase title insurance from one certain company.

Lenders are required to provide a list of local companies that provide closing services, of which title insurance is just one. But it may be worth doing independent research. Lenders may not select their recommendations based on the home buyer’s best interest, but instead because a service provider is an affiliate of the lender and provides a financial incentive in exchange for a recommendation.

Again, it’s a smart idea to seek the counsel of friends and family and do online research to uncover competitive prices and learn which service providers have a solid reputation.

Recommended: What Are the Different Types of Mortgage Lenders?

The Takeaway

Homeowners insurance is an ongoing cost (billed monthly, quarterly, or annually) that helps cover damage or loss of the home and possessions within the home. Title insurance, on the other hand, can help protect against losses caused by defects in the title and is a one-time fee payable during the closing process. The advantage to having both types of coverage is that each policy can protect homeowners against financial loss in very different circumstances.

Shopping for homeowners insurance often requires considering several options, from the amount of coverage to the kind of policy to the cost of the premium. To help simplify the process, SoFi has partnered with Experian to bring customizable and affordable homeowners insurance to our members.

Experian allows you to match your current coverage to new policy offers with little to no data entry. And you can easily bundle your home and auto insurance to save money. All with no fees and no paperwork.

Auto Insurance: Must have a valid driver’s license. Not available in all states.
Home and Renters Insurance: Insurance not available in all states.
Experian is a registered trademark of Experian.
SoFi Insurance Agency, LLC. (“”SoFi””) is compensated by Experian for each customer who purchases a policy through the SoFi-Experian partnership.

SoFi Mortgages
Terms, conditions, and state restrictions apply. Not all products are available in all states. See SoFi.com/eligibility-criteria for more information.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

SOPT0623005

Buying a home is probably one of the biggest financial commitments many people make in their life, and so it stands to reason that the process can be complex and lengthy. From figuring out how much you can afford to understanding how mortgages work to getting preapproved to determining where exactly to live…it’s a lot!

But by learning about the usual flow before you begin hitting the open houses, you can be well-prepared to dive into homeownership. Here, the eight steps to follow that will help make purchasing a home a smooth process.

8 Steps to Prepare for a Home Purchase

Here, the moves that will help you get ready to buy your dream property:

1. Determining Credit Score

A homebuyer’s credit score can impact their ability to secure a mortgage loan with a desirable rate. It can also affect how much they’ll be required to pay as a down payment when it’s time to close.

Credit score can be influenced by a variety of factors, from payment history to amount of debt (a.k.a. credit utilization ratio) to age of credit accounts, mix of credit accounts, and new credit inquiries.

Payment history is the main factor that affects a person’s credit score, accounting for 35% of an overall FICO® score. Missing a payment on any credit account — from unpaid student loans to credit cards, auto loans, and mortgages — can negatively impact a person’s credit score.

On the other hand, positive habits can include making on-time payments, limiting the number of new inquiries on their credit file, and working to pay down outstanding balances.

Is There a Credit Score “Sweet Spot?”

Many buyers wonder whether there’s a desired credit score range or “sweet spot” to obtain a mortgage. Typically, a credit score of 740 or higher will get the best deals (meaning lowest rates).

Credit scores can also affect the amount of the down payment itself. Some mortgage lenders require at least 20% of the house’s sale price be put down, but might offer more flexibility if the buyer’s credit score is in the higher range. A lower credit score, on the other hand, could call for a larger down payment.

Whether homebuyers have debt or not, checking credit reports is still a recommended first step to applying for a mortgage. Understanding the information on credit reports can be invaluable in knowing where you stand when qualifying for a mortgage loan rate.

2. Deciding How Much to Spend

Deciding how much to pay for a new home can be based on a variety of factors including expected and unexpected housing costs, upfront payments and closing costs, and how it all fits into the buyer’s overall budget.

Calculating Housing Costs

There are several housing costs for home purchasers to consider that might affect how much they can afford to offer for the house itself. The costs of ongoing fees like property taxes, homeowner’s insurance, and interest — if the loan isn’t a fixed-rate mortgage — can all lead to an increase in the monthly mortgage payment.

Closing costs are fees associated with the final real estate transaction that go above and beyond the price of the property itself. These costs might include an origination fee paid to the bank or lender for their services in creating the loan, real estate attorney fees, escrow fees, title insurance fees, home inspection and appraisal fees and recording fees, to name a few.

Typically, closing costs are between 3% and 6% of the loan’s amount. To get an idea on how this can impact your budget, use this home affordability calculator to estimate total purchase cost.

In addition to closing costs, expenses that potential homebuyers might want to consider are repairs and updates they might want to make to a home, new furniture, moving costs, or even commuting costs.

Finally, unforeseen costs of a major life event like a layoff or the birth of a new child might not be the first expenses that come to mind. However, some buyers could find themselves making a potential home-buying mistake by not getting their finances in order to prepare for the unexpected.

Making a list of these estimated expenses can help homebuyers calculate how much they can feasibly afford. It can also help them create a budget that could help them avoid being overextended on housing costs, especially if they might be paying other debt or saving for other financial goals.

3. Saving for a Down Payment

Saving money for a house is one of the biggest financial goals many people will have in their lifetime. And how much they’re able to offer as a down payment can significantly impact the amount of their monthly mortgage payment.

A larger down payment can also be convincing to sellers who see it as evidence of solid finances, sometimes beating out other offers in a competitive housing market.

The average down payment on a house varies depending on the type of buyer, loan, location, and housing prices. Most recently, the average down payment was 13%.

For first-time homebuyers, 13% or 20% of the price of the home can seem like a daunting figure. Many buyers find that cutting spending on luxury or non-essential items and entertainment can help them save up the funds.

Other tactics could include getting gifts and loans from family members, applying for low down-payment mortgages, withdrawing funds from retirement, or receiving assistance from state and local agencies.

For buyers who were also sellers, proceeds from another property could also fund the down payment.

4. Shopping for a Mortgage Lender

There are many mortgage lenders competing for the business of homebuyers who finance their home purchases. These lenders offer a variety of mortgages to apply for, with a few of the most common being conventional/fixed rate, adjustable rate, FHA loans, and VA loans.

Buyers might not realize they can — and should — shop around for a lender before selecting one to work with. Different lenders offer different variations in interest rates, terms, and closing costs, so it can be helpful to conduct adequate research before landing on a particular lender.

Mortgage lenders must provide a loan estimate within three business days of receiving a mortgage application. The form is standard — all lenders are required to use the same form, which makes it easier for the applicant to compare information from different lenders and make sure they are getting the best loan for their financial situation.

5. Getting Preapproved for a Loan

While it might seem like a bit of a nuance, getting prequalified for a loan versus preapproved for a loan are two different things.

When a buyer is prequalified for a loan, their mortgage lender estimates the loan amount they are qualified for, based on financial information they provided.

When a buyer is preapproved, the lender conducts a thorough investigation into their finances that includes income verification, assets, and credit rating. Preapproval is not a guarantee but tells a buyer that a lender is likely to approve them for a certain amount, as long as they clear the underwriting process.

Having a preapproval letter in hand can help some buyers get ahead by appealing to the seller as a serious intention of purchase and a lender’s guarantee to back that purchase up.

6. Finding the Right Real Estate Agent

While the internet and popular real estate search websites have made it easier for homebuyers to hunt for a house online, most buyers still solicit the help of a real estate agent to find the right home and negotiate the price and purchase.

Also, many realtors are experts in their particular housing market, so for buyers who are searching in a specific location, a real estate agent may be able to offer valuable insights that might not be revealed online.

7. Exploring Different Neighborhoods

By researching neighborhoods where they might want to purchase a property (both in-person and online), homebuyers can get a better sense of what living in their future community could look like.

Many real estate websites provide comparable listings to help determine a reasonable offer amount in a given neighborhood.

They may also highlight nearby school ratings, price and tax history, commute times, and neighborhood stats like home value fluctuations or predictions, and walkability ratings.

All of this information can help paint a picture of life in the area a homebuyer chooses to settle in. Doing a deep dive into a desired neighborhood can help inform a more realistic decision on where to buy a house.

8. Kicking off the House Hunt

Once the neighborhoods are whittled down, the loan is secured, the real estate agent has been signed, and the savings are set aside, the official house hunt can begin.

With the help of a trusted real estate agent and a housing market with adequate inventory, most homebuyers can begin to book showings, attend open houses, and formally put down an offer on a house they like.

In particularly “hot” markets, houses could receive several offers, so homebuyers might want to be prepared to go through the bidding process with a few properties before they get to that glorious final sale.

Are You Ready to Buy a Home Quiz

The Takeaway

A home may well be the biggest purchase you make and the biggest asset you ever own, so it makes sense to spend some time on the home-buying process. From checking out different mortgage options to getting preapproved for a loan to attending open houses, the process is a valuable one that brings you closer to your dream home.

Looking for an affordable option for a home mortgage loan? SoFi can help: We offer low down payments (as little as 3% - 5%*) with our competitive and flexible home mortgage loans. Plus, applying is extra convenient: It's online, with access to one-on-one help.

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SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

*SoFi requires Private Mortgage Insurance (PMI) for conforming home loans with a loan-to-value (LTV) ratio greater than 80%. As little as 3% down payments are for qualifying first-time homebuyers only. 5% minimum applies to other borrowers. Other loan types may require different fees or insurance (e.g., VA funding fee, FHA Mortgage Insurance Premiums, etc.). Loan requirements may vary depending on your down payment amount, and minimum down payment varies by loan type.

Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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