SoFi

Stablecoins are digital currencies that are designed with the goal of maintaining a fixed, or stable, value. They are structured to function much like fiat currencies, but exist instead on the blockchain. This brings with it several benefits in terms of accessibility, usability, and speed.

There are multiple types of stablecoins, each defined by the mechanism used to maintain the one-to-one value peg to their respective fiat currencies. With broader institutional adoption of stablecoins only just beginning, however, there are still risks to consider with these relatively new digital currencies.

What Are Stablecoins?

Stablecoins are digital coins that maintain a stable value. Most stablecoins are pegged to popular fiat currencies like the U.S. Dollar, Chinese Yuan, or the Euro. Some are pegged to commodities, like gold, too.

How Stablecoins Differ From Other Cryptocurrencies

In theory, a stablecoin could have its value linked to just about anything. However, stablecoins pegged to a fiat currency are the most common. As such, when someone uses the term “stablecoin,” they are most likely referring to fiat currency coins.

In terms of value, the most stable cryptocurrency will, by definition, be a stablecoin. Some of these coins see their values fluctuate by small amounts, but they tend to correct back to their normal value in short order.

If there is any volatility in the value of a specific stablecoin, it’s likely much less than that seen in other types of cryptocurrencies.

The Purpose of Stablecoins in the Crypto Ecosystem

Stablecoins have a variety of potential use cases, but the main idea behind stablecoins is to create a cryptocurrency that is not subject to the volatility experienced by other cryptocurrencies, like Bitcoin and the many hundreds of altcoins. That, in some shape or form, could provide a sense of stability to the crypto ecosystem.

Key Benefits and Drawbacks

Stablecoin transactions tend to be faster, more efficient, and cheaper than conventional payment or money transfer systems. They may allow financial institutions that leverage them to offer lower fees in certain instances as well.

More broadly, stablecoins’ low cost and accessibility to those with internet access or a smartphone may allow unbanked or underbanked groups broader access to financial services, assuming they reside in an area where these cryptocurrencies are permitted. These coins also benefit from the security of blockchain technology.

Stablecoins could also be used as a store of value, as they are often pegged to a currency or commodity.

Conversely, as for drawbacks, stablecoins also don’t have the same consumer protections in place that traditional banks do. Users will need to hold their stablecoin balance via any number of crypto storage methods and the cryptocurrency wallet of their choice.

There could also be a potential lack of transparency regarding their reserves of stablecoins. Auditors must verify that reserve requirements are met, and it’s important to know that these third-party groups are reputable, as well. In other words, it can sometimes be difficult to know whether the company behind the coin actually holds one dollar for each dollar-backed stablecoin.

Why Stablecoins Matter in the Digital Currency Landscape

A stablecoins become more common in the crypto and financial spaces, it’s important to know why, exactly, they matter.

Addressing Volatility in Crypto Markets

As noted, they can play a stabilizing role in the broader markets. They’re stable, as much as a cryptocurrency likely could be. That doesn’t mean that they’re immune from volatility, of course, but stablecoins are designed to be, well, stable. As such, they can provide a sort of ballast in terms of volatility to the larger crypto space.

Use Cases and Real-World Applications

One of the primary use cases and applications of stablecoins, as of 2025, is that they can help enable fast and cheap global remittances, or cross-border transactions.

Traditional bank transfers typically take anywhere from three-to-five business days and can cost anywhere from a few dollars to dozens of dollars. International transfers tend to be the most expensive.

Stablecoin transactions can be confirmed within minutes, or less, and at very little cost. Two people with stablecoin wallets can transact with each other from anywhere in the world at any time without the need for a third-party intermediary.

Additionally, stablecoins could be used in other areas, such as running payroll for international work, or even as something that could dampen volatility in crypto markets, as they tend to maintain a fairly level valuation.

Market Growth and Adoption Trends

Looking forward, it’s likely that stablecoins will continue to grow in terms of usage and adoption in the broader financial space. Within 18 months, total issued stablecoin value more than doubled to $250 billion from $120 billion between early 2024 and mid-2025^[1], and also, more and more companies are looking to adopt or launch stablecoins.

As of September 2-25, 13% of financial institutions around the world use them, and 54% of those that do not plan to adopt them within a year.^[2]

The 4 Types of Stablecoins

Generally, there are four types of stablecoins: fiat-backed, commodity-backed, crypto-collateralized, and algorithmic stablecoins.

1. Fiat-Backed Stablecoins

Some of the most widely-used stablecoins today use a centralized model and back new token issues with fiat currency at a one-to-one ratio. U.S. Dollar Coin (USDC) and Tether (USDT) are examples of this type of coin.

2. Commodity-backed Stablecoins

Some stablecoins are backed by other assets, like gold. The overall functions remain the same, but the value is tied to the current price of gold, with physical gold used as collateral.

3. Crypto-collateralized Stablecoins

Some other stablecoins that use a decentralized model, like DAI, have grown in popularity in the crypto community. Rather than maintaining their stable value through fiat reserves, users can lock up cryptocurrency as collateral for borrowing DAI on the Maker DAO platform.

There are also a growing number of decentralized lending platforms that allow users to deposit DAI or other stablecoins and earn interest. Network consensus, rather than a centralized team, governs DAI (similar to how Bitcoin works), which maintains a value equal to one U.S. dollar.

4. Algorithmic Stablecoins

Decentralized algorithmic coins are a newer technology and differ from the other types of stablecoins in that they don’t involve any type of collateral backing. Instead, they rely on smart contracts to maintain their price.

Comparing Stablecoins Strengths and Weaknesses

The different types of stablecoins are designed for different reasons, and therefore, can serve different purposes. In other words, they may each have strengths and weaknesses, depending on what a user wants to do with them.

So, depending on what a user wants or hopes for out of a stablecoin, those strengths or weaknesses may revolve around a specific coin’s relative stability, its risks related to regulation and centralization, its liquidity, and perhaps even its specific complexity.

Factors Influencing Stablecoins Price Behavior

Getting more granular, there are a lot of things to understand as to how stablecoins’ value is maintained.

How Stablecoins Maintain Price Stability

Stablecoins use a variety of means to maintain their price stability, and that includes various forms of collateralization, as discussed, which means they’re “pegged” to or “backed” by various forms of fiat currency, crypto, or commodities. Smart contracts, housed on blockchain networks, automatically keep stablecoin supply in check by executing trades or burning coins, which evens out with dynamic demand, and keeps values relatively stable.

Algorithmic Price Controls and Protocols

For stablecoins that maintain their value via algorithmic price control mechanisms, the process is similar. An algorithm creates or burns (destroys) coins to maintain a certain level of total coins that reaches a level of equilibrium with supply and demand. That algorithm, accordingly, maintains the stablecoins’ value. Again: Similar to smart contracts, but slightly different.

The Role of Arbitrage and Redemption in Stabilization

Crypto arbitrage, or the act of buying and selling the same stablecoins to try to profit from price differences, along with redemption, or trading in a stablecoin for its equal value in fiat currency, may help level price differences across coins. In effect, these two market factors or mechanisms, in conjunction with algorithmic or smart contract-powered price controls, can help keep a stablecoin’s value steady.

Importance of Transparency and Auditing

Each stablecoin is different, and there can be varying levels of transparency, and auditing associated with each stablecoin. Those differences can make a difference in terms of demand for a specific coin. If a stablecoin A is less transparent or somewhat riskier than stablecoin B, for instance, which would you prefer to use?

Reserve Quality, Transparency, and Auditing

A stablecoin’s reserve can also play a role in influencing its value and behavior. We’ve discussed how some stablecoins are backed by commodities or fiat. If a stablecoin is backed by a low-quality or low-value commodity, such as dirt, while another is backed by gold, that can create some divisions.

Further, there is likely to be some regard for how those reserves are tracked or audited, and how a stablecoin’s value matches up with its underlying reserve. All of that can come into play for stablecoin users.

Regulatory Environment and Evolving Legal Frameworks

The rules are changing around stablecoins, and each country will have its own way of dealing with them. That can and will also have an effect on supply, demand, and values.

Market Confidence, Track Record, and Reputation

There’s been a long-standing issue in the crypto space surrounding scams and rug-pulls, and that can give some users pause when deciding to utilize one coin versus the next. Accordingly, market confidence, track record, and reputation related to a specific coin are important factors.

Liquidity, Adoption, and Technical Reliability

Further, how widely used and reliable a stablecoin is perceived to be can also be important. Stablecoin holders will want to know that they can get their money back — that is, liquidate their holdings if and when they choose to do so — without much effort or friction.

Common Risks and Failure Scenarios

It’s possible that stablecoins could lose their value due to depegging, which is when the price of a stablecoin moves more substantially away from its pegged value. This could result from loss of confidence in the stablecoin or its reserves, panic selling, operational failures, and other factors. There are a number of things that could go wrong, and with the crypto space still evolving and still less regulated than the financial space, users should know that risks exist.

Stablecoins and Their Relationship With Traditional Finance

We’re still in the early stages of stablecoins’ integration into the broader, traditional financial space, and it’s evolving right before our eyes. But there are some use cases to be aware of, such as using DeFi blockchain technology to make loans, and more.

Stablecoins in Financial Trading and DeFi

Stablecoins are becoming a necessary component of the decentralized finance (DeFi) space. Holders can make transactions like peer-to-peer lending — where people make direct loans to each other via blockchain — with stablecoins.

Some users might prefer this option to other cryptocurrencies, which could hurt their rate of return if the price goes down. A stablecoin’s steady value may also add an element of confidence to financial arrangements.

Integration WIth Existing Financial Systems

Stablecoins and crypto are again being increasingly adopted by traditional and long-standing financial institutions. As such, they’ll likely become further ingrained and integrated into the broader financial space.

Centralization vs. Decentralization Considerations

One thing that attracts many users to the crypto space is its decentralized nature, which may allow them to access financial services more easily — from their smartphone or computer — and with fewer and lower fees.

Stablecoins could become more centralized as they’re adopted by bigger players and further integrated into the financial industry. However, this could also allow these groups to offer lower fees in some cases and increase accessibility since fewer intermediaries, if any, may be needed for transactions.

Regulatory Oversight and Compliance Challenges

There have been new rules and regulations floated to help smooth the path for stablecoins’ wider adoption in the financial space. The GENIUS Act, specifically, tasks the Treasury Department to encourage stablecoin innovation and adoption, and lays out which existing laws and regulations that they may be subject to. This is all still being worked out, but in the U.S., it is a change in how the federal government has, in the past, viewed most cryptocurrencies.^[3]

Practical Applications of Stablecoins for Businesses and Individuals

There are numerous potential applications for stablecoins.

•   Cross-border payments and remittances: Money, in its numerous forms, is designed to store and transfer value. Stablecoins can do the same, and perhaps with less associated costs. It can be expensive to make international payments or transfers, but it’s possible stablecoins could provide an alternative.

•   Treasury protection in high-inflation economies: It’s possible that stablecoins could provide some protections from inflation since they’re often backed by treasuries, particularly in places where inflation is a very serious problem. While we’ve had issues in the U.S. related to inflation in recent years, some countries have much higher rates of inflation, and stablecoins could provide ways to alleviate it.

•   Payroll solutions for remote teams and contractors: As discussed, stablecoins may prove useful in facilitating international payments. That could be a boon for business owners operating remote teams, or working with international freelancers or contractors.

•   Ecommerce and settlement: Stablecoins could prove a viable alternative to simple fiat currencies, like U.S. dollars, in certain cases to facilitate other types of purchases.

•   Addressing volatility in crypto markets: As mentioned, stablecoins may serve as a ballast in the crypto markets, lowering overall volatility.

•   Promoting financial inclusion for the unbanked and underbanked: There are a significant number of “unbanked” individuals in the U.S., or those who either choose not to use traditional banking services, or otherwise can’t access them. Stablecoins could bring those people into the fold, or prove a way for them to access the financial space.

The Future of Stablecoins

The future of stablecoins is still up in the air, but they do have momentum.

Emerging Trends and Innovations

Stablecoins are trending, as more and more financial institutions are starting to use them to facilitate transactions, and some will likely issue their own. As that happens, innovation will occur, as well, as users find new use cases or other ways to take advantage of stablecoins going forward.

Potential Impact on Global Finance

We don’t know what’s going to happen, but stablecoins could potentially have a significant impact on global finance. If they do prove successful at offering a quicker and more accessible payment system that can be used worldwide, the implications are wide-ranging.

The Takeaway

Stablecoins are cryptocurrencies that are designed to keep their value stable in relation to another asset — most commonly, an existing fiat currency, such as the U.S. dollar. Issuing these coins on a blockchain may help remove certain barriers to entry associated with traditional, legacy financial systems at large. It also has the potential to provide greater access to financial services to those who may not otherwise have the opportunity to participate in the world of finance.

SoFi Crypto is back. SoFi members can now buy, sell, and hold cryptocurrencies on a platform with the safeguards of a bank. Access 25+ cryptocurrencies, such as Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Solana, with the first national chartered bank to offer crypto trading. Now you can manage your banking, investing, borrowing, and crypto all in one place, giving you more control over your money.

FAQ

What is the most stable cryptocurrency?

Theoretically, any stablecoin should be stable; most of them see their values fluctuate very little on a daily basis. The decentralized and algorithmic stablecoins have experienced somewhat more volatility than the centralized coins, historically.

What are some examples of stablecoins?

There are numerous stablecoins on the market, including DAI, Tether, Binance USD, USD Coins, and Paxos.

Can stablecoins offer protection from inflation?

It’s possible that stablecoins could provide some protections from inflation since they’re often backed by treasuries, particularly in places where inflation is a very serious problem.

About the author

Brian Nibley

Brian Nibley is a freelance writer, author, and investor who has been covering the cryptocurrency space since 2017. His work has appeared in publications such as MSN Money, Blockworks, Business Insider, Cointelegraph, Finance Magnates, and Newsweek. Read full bio.

Photo credit: iStock/tomap49

SOCRYP-Q325-107

As the most widely recognized and adopted cryptocurrency, Bitcoin’s price can in many ways serve as a barometer for the health of the entire crypto market. With the highest market cap of all cryptocurrencies by a wide margin, it has the potential to lift the prices of other cryptocurrencies in the wake of its own price increases, and likewise pull broader market prices down when its own numbers fall.

The price of Bitcoin (BTC) has been on a wild ride since it launched over 14 years ago, on January 3, 2009. Those who bought Bitcoin early have seen its price rise significantly, surpassing $124,000 for a brief moment in mid-2025, following a steep decline in 2023. However, the fluctuations in Bitcoin’s price — as with all forms of crypto — have also led to considerable losses.^[1]

A review of Bitcoin price history shows plenty of ups and some significant downs, but despite the risks, crypto fans continue to seek it out. Like other cryptocurrencies, Bitcoin’s price is largely driven by sentiment, and those who buy in must be comfortable with the elevated risk that buying and selling crypto entails.

Bitcoin Price History Over the Years

A glance at the Bitcoin historical price chart illustrates the cryptocurrency’s steep rise since its inception. It’s equally clear that the path to Bitcoin’s current price has not always been a smooth one, and that it may continue to see fluctuations over time.

While some enjoy comparing Bitcoin’s price history to past speculative manias like Beanie Babies circa 1995 (or the infamous tulip bubble circa 1636), speculation is only one factor in any given Bitcoin price fluctuation.

Over the years, one pattern can be seen in Bitcoin’s prices. Every four years, the network undergoes a change called “the halving,” where the supply of new BTC rewarded to Bitcoin miners gets cut in half. This has happened four times so far:

•   2012: 50 BTC to 25 BTC

•   2016: 25 BTC to 12.5 BTC

•   2020: 12.5 BTC to 6.25 BTC

•   2024: 6.25 BTC to 3.125 BTC2

The next Bitcoin halving is set to occur in March or April of 2028.

In each instance, the price of BTC reached new record highs in the year or so following each halving event. This was typically followed by a Bitcoin bear market. After a period of consolidation, the price then tended to move upwards again in advance of the next halving, though there’s no guarantee that this may occur in the future.

While the price of BTC can hardly be considered predictable, it’s useful to view the chapters in the Bitcoin price history and what it may mean for potential buyers, sellers, and holders.

Bitcoin Price History by Year (2014-2025)

Source: Yahoo Finance, CoinDesk

Bitcoin Price 2009-2012: $0 to $13.50

Early Bitcoin price history shows relatively modest growth. As buzz around Bitcoin grew, more crypto-curious individuals began to pay attention to this seemingly novel idea and its potential as a serious vehicle for growth.

2009: $0

On October 31, 2008, the pseudonymous person or group known as Satoshi Nakamoto published the Bitcoin white paper. This paper introduced a peer-to-peer digital cash system based on a new form of distributed ledger technology called blockchain.

Then, on January 3, 2009, the Bitcoin network went live with the mining of the genesis block, which allowed the first group of transactions to begin a blockchain. This block contained a text note that read: “Chancellor on Brink of Second Bailout for Banks.” This referenced an article in The London Times about the financial crisis of 2008 – 2009, when commercial banks received trillions in bailout money from central banks and governments. This event helped mark Bitcoin’s original price at $0.

For this reason and others, many suspect that Nakamoto created Bitcoin, at least in part, in response to the way the events of those years played out.

2010: $0.00099 to $0.30

Bitcoin’s price increased nominally for most of 2010, never surpassing the $1 mark. The first recorded price at which Bitcoin was exchanged was equivalent to roughly one-tenth of a cent, and the year closed with a price near $0.30. The first notable price jump would not be far off, however.

2011 – 2012: $1 to $13.50

Real adoption of Bitcoin began to take place about two years after it was first introduced, and a major Bitcoin price surge happened for the first time.

In 2011, the Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) accepted BTC for donations for a few months, but quickly backtracked due to a lack of a legal framework for virtual currencies.

In February of 2011, BTC reached $1.00 for the first time, achieving parity with the U.S. dollar. Months later, the price of BTC reached $10 and then quickly soared to $30 on the Mt. Gox exchange. Bitcoin had risen 100x from the year’s starting price of about $0.30.

By year’s end, though, the price of Bitcoin was under $5. No one can say for sure exactly why the price behaved as it did, especially back when the technology was so new. It could be that 2011 marked the launch of Litecoin, a fork of the Bitcoin blockchain — and other forms of crypto began to emerge as well — signaling greater competition.

In 2012, of course, Bitcoin saw its first halving, from a 50-coin reward for mining BTC to 25 coins. This set the stage for its precipitous growth. But the pattern of an 80% – 90% correction from record highs would continue to repeat itself going forward, even as much more Bitcoin liquidity would come into being.

Recommended: Is Crypto Mining Still Worth It in 2025?

2013 – 2016: $13 to $1,000

The period between 2013 and 2016 would mark the beginning of Bitcoin’s ascension as a cryptocurrency to be taken seriously. Pricing increased dramatically during this time, as more people began to take notice of Bitcoin’s potential.

2013: $13 to $1,193

In 2013, the EFF began accepting Bitcoin again, and this was the strongest year in Bitcoin price history in terms of percentage gains. Starting at $13 in the beginning of the year, the price of Bitcoin rose to almost $250 in April before correcting downward by over 50%. The price consolidated for about six months until another historic rally in November and December of that year, when the price hit $1,193.

This increase saw Bitcoin’s market cap exceed $1 billion for the first time ever. The world’s first Bitcoin ATM was also installed in Vancouver, allowing people to convert cash into crypto.

While the price spiked above $1,000 again briefly in January 2014, it would be nearly three years before the Bitcoin price would reach four digits again.

Amidst all this volatility was a surge in crypto interest, with Dogecoin being one of the more notable coins to emerge at that time. Though considered a meme coin, Dogecoin still exists.

2014 – 2015: $760 to $430

While the cryptoverse quietly exploded in this time period, with technological innovations that permitted a move away from proof-of-work to the less resource-intensive proof-of-stake, as well as the emergence of smart contracts, and the real foundations of decentralized finance — Bitcoin was relatively quiet.

While 2014 opened at about $760, the price overall held steady in the $200 to $500 range for much of this time, briefly dipping below $200 in January and August of 2015. Bitcoin closed out 2015 at $430, marking a period of overall price stability. The official B symbol that has come to be associated with Bitcoin was adopted in November of that year.

2016: $430 to $960

In 2016, Bitcoin halved for a second time, prompting a notable jump in prices by year’s end. January ended the month with a closing price of $368, but by December, Bitcoin’s price had almost reached $1,000. A slight dip in pricing occurred around August, but for the most part, the cryptocurrency saw a steady and consistent rise in price.

2017 – 2019: $960 to $7,200

Between 2017 and 2019, Bitcoin would dazzle crypto watchers with big price leaps, but the outlook was not entirely rosy during this period. In 2018, a major crash would deliver a blow to BTC’s price and raise questions about the stability of cryptocurrency markets as a whole.

2017: $960 to $20,000

The Bitcoin price in 2017 breached the $1,100 mark in January, a new record at the time — following the Bitcoin halving in July of 2016. By December, the price had soared to nearly $20,000. That’s a 20x rise in less than 12 months, and it was followed predictably by a decline through 2018 and 2019. Bitcoin wouldn’t see the other side of $20,000 until late 2020.

Like the 2013 price surge, the 2017 rally occurred about one year after the halving. What made this time different was that for the first time ever, the general public became more aware of cryptocurrency. Mainstream news outlets began covering stories relating to Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies. This price rise largely reflected retail buyers entering the market for the first time.

Opinions on Bitcoin ranged from thinking it was a scam to believing it was the greatest thing ever. For the believers, this was an opportunity for many to purchase Bitcoin for the first time, but there’s little doubt that the influx of retail interest in the crypto markets contributed heavily to volatility across the board.

2018: $14,000 to $3,700

The year 2018 was an unpredictable one for Bitcoin pricing. Following a relatively strong start in January, with prices closing above $10,000, the cryptocurrency ended the year at $3,742. This period stands out as one of the most significant cryptocurrency crashes, affecting not only Bitcoin but more than 90 other digital currencies that had arisen.

Bitcoin’s decline during this period was attributed to numerous factors, including the launch of several new crypto offerings that quickly fizzled, which triggered fear in the markets.

Apart from these concerns were rumors that South Korea was contemplating banning cryptocurrency, and the hacking of Coincheck, Japan’s largest OTC cryptocurrency exchange network. Combined, these factors created a perfect storm for price drops and criticism of Bitcoin from none other than Warren Buffett, who characterized it as “rat poison squared”.

2019: $3,700 to $7,200

Bitcoin began to see some recovery in 2019, though it was initially slow going. For most of the first quarter, Bitcoin’s price hovered between $3,500 and $5,000, before a surge in June of that year that tipped its price above $13,000.

June saw the cryptocurrency’s price rise above $10,000 again, and Bitcoin held steady throughout July. By August, the tide had begun to turn, and the remainder of the year saw a gradual slide in pricing. In December 2019, Bitcoin closed at $7,193, still well above its January price point but far from the highs reached in 2017.

The next big test of Bitcoin’s strength in the crypto markets would come in 2020, with the arrival of the COVID-19 pandemic.

2020 – 2025: $7,200 to $124,000

The period from 2020 to 2025 would see Bitcoin prices reach their highest levels yet — and one of the worst crashes in the cryptocurrency’s history. Against mounting pressure, Bitcoin would continue to attract new buyers hoping to get exposure to the crypto market.

2020: $7,200 to $29,000

The crypto feeding frenzy was well underway by the end of 2019, with hundreds of new coins on the market. By January 3, 2020, Bitcoin’s price was $7,347 and rising steadily for the most part. As the halving in May of 2020 approached, Bitcoin’s price shot north of $9,100, nearly a 25% increase in just a few months.

But that was just the start of a meteoric rise — and fall — for BTC that few will forget, and a phase of Bitcoin’s story that many tie to the pandemic. With millions of people worldwide confined at home from 2020 through 2021 (in some cases longer), online speculation became a widespread phenomenon. One offshoot of that may have been the biggest Bitcoin bull market to date.

2021: $29,000 to $69,000

In August 2021, the price of Bitcoin was hovering around $46,000, and by November 2021 BTC hit its all-time best over $68,500.

Toward the end of 2021, however, the Bitcoin hash rate, a factor thought to have some correlation to the Bitcoin price, plummeted to around $47,000 — a loss of close to 30%.

The price drop occurred partly as a result of China requiring its citizens to shut down Bitcoin mining operations. The country previously housed a significant portion of the network’s mining nodes. As a result, these computers had to go offline. Many believe this reduction in mining capacity was a key factor weighing on the Bitcoin price.

In addition, politicians and regulators raised concerns about the future of crypto laws and regulations, adding to the general mood that crypto mavens refer to as FUD (fear, uncertainty, doubt) — one of many crypto slang terms now in wider use.

But as 2021 shifted into 2022, the specter of inflation — in addition to the global energy crisis and geopolitical turmoil thanks to Russia’s war on Ukraine — put a drag on the price of BTC and just about every other major crypto.

2022: $47,000 to $16,5000

From January 2022 through May, Bitcoin’s price continued to sag as the Crypto Winter officially took hold. By May, BTC dipped under $30,000 for the first time since July of 2021. June would see Bitcoin’s price move even lower, dropping to $17,708 at its lowest point that month.

What Is a Crypto Winter?

Unlike a bear market, a crypto winter doesn’t have specific parameters or criteria. But, similar to a bear market, it does mark a period of steady and sometimes precipitous losses that pervade the crypto markets as a whole.

Crypto Struggles in the Face of Crises

This downward trend proved to be the case as crypto prices overall declined through Q2 — partly affected by the collapse of stablecoins like TerraUSD and Luna. In June, Bitcoin fell below $20,000.

Crypto prices struggled through Q3 of 2022, and took another hit in November 2022, thanks to the sudden failure of crypto exchange FTX.

The exchange crashed amid a liquidity crunch and allegations of misused funds by its CEO, Sam Blankman Fried. A bailout by Binance was possible, but the deal fell through because of FTX’s troubled finances and implications of fraud.

The rapid downfall of FTX shocked the financial industry, and the crash had a massive ripple effect throughout the crypto market, affecting consumer confidence. Widespread worries about inflation, as well as steady interest rate hikes, affected broader markets. Bitcoin’s price continued to be a gauge of overall crypto health in many ways, plunging below $20,000 by the end of December, 2022.

2023: $16,500 to $44,000

January 2023 saw Bitcoin’s price increase to around $23,300, sparking hopes that the crypto winter had begun to thaw. Meanwhile, other cryptocurrencies began showing similar price patterns in Q1.

The rest of 2023 proved to be fruitful for those who were able to hold on through the crypto winter. At mid-year, Bitcoin’s price had topped $30,000 once again, and while there were some slight declines, the crypto finished the year strong. By December 2023, Bitcoin’s price notched a high of $44,705, before closing the year just above $42,000.

2024: $42,000 to $100,000+

Bitcoin would hit new benchmarks in 2024, breaking the $100,000 mark for the first time. In January of that year, the SEC would allow Bitcoin to be accessed via exchange-traded funds (ETFs), which led to the addition of several new funds to the market.

The introduction of physical Bitcoin ETFs brought major price increases, as crypto users rushed to buy shares. Bitcoin’s price surged to $63,913 in February 2024, then to $73,750 in March.

After this peak, prices would decline slightly, hovering between $65,000 and $73,000 for most of the year. In November, Bitcoin’s price brushed $100,000, before finally surging past that figure in December. That month, it reached $108,268, ending the year at $93,429.

2025: $94,000 to $124,000

Building off the momentum of 2024, Bitcoin has continued to push toward new heights for much of 2025. Despite some dips in the first quarter, the cryptocurrency reached its highest price ever in mid-August, cresting $124,457. The price fell back slightly to below $110,000 later that month.

Part of the increase can be attributed to ongoing interest in Bitcoin ETFs, which offer exposure to cryptocurrency without having to buy individual coins. Market sentiment has also moved in a more positive direction this year, thanks in part to the current administration’s stance on cryptocurrency.

In July 2025, U.S. securities regulators announced plans to modernize crypto rulemaking, which could pave the way for further innovation in the digital currency space. Dubbed “Project Crypto”, it would make a major shift in the market and potentially make the U.S. a leader in the cryptocurrency market. What that might mean for Bitcoin pricing going forward remains to be seen.

The Takeaway

Bitcoin’s historical price records are a mix of surges and setbacks, but even through crashes, it’s continued to attract interest from buyers and sellers.

As the oldest and still the largest form of crypto, BTC has gone from being worth a fraction of a penny to about $110,000 in mid-2025, which is nothing short of impressive. However, cryptocurrencies are highly volatile, and past performance doesn’t guarantee future results.

SoFi Crypto is back. SoFi members can now buy, sell, and hold cryptocurrencies on a platform with the safeguards of a bank. Access 25+ cryptocurrencies, such as Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Solana, with the first national chartered bank to offer crypto trading. Now you can manage your banking, investing, borrowing, and crypto all in one place, giving you more control over your money.

FAQ

What was the highest price Bitcoin has ever reached?

Bitcoin reached its highest price in mid-August 2025, when it was briefly valued at $124,457. As of late August 2025, the price held above $110,000.

When was Bitcoin worth $1?

Bitcoin reached $1 in early 2011, after hovering around the $0.30 to $0.40 mark for most of 2010. In mid-2011, the price jumped to $30 before tapering off to around $2 to close out the year.

What was the original price of Bitcoin?

The first recorded price of Bitcoin was $0.00099. This price was notched in 2009, when a BitcoinTalk forum member exchanged 5050 Bitcoin with another forum member for $5.02 through PayPal.

If you bought $1,000 in Bitcoin 10 years ago, how much would it be worth today?

If you bought $1,000 in Bitcoin 10 years ago, in 2015, your Bitcoin would be worth approximately $405,000, as of August 2025. That would equate to a 40,425% rate of return on your money.

How many times has Bitcoin “crashed”?

Historically, Bitcoin has crashed nearly a dozen times, with some of the most notable crashes occurring in June 2011, April 2013, and December 2017. Bitcoin crashes occur when there are extreme price fluctuations that cause sharp declines. These fluctuations may be driven by market speculation, regulatory concerns, and macroeconomic factors, such as talk of interest rate hikes or rising inflation.

What is the significance of the Bitcoin halving?

Bitcoin halving is designed to reduce the supply of new Bitcoins entering the market. Halving occurs every four years and cuts the number of new coins created by 50%. The theory behind halving is that scarcity should lead to price appreciation if demand for Bitcoin remains high.

About the author

Brian Nibley

Brian Nibley is a freelance writer, author, and investor who has been covering the cryptocurrency space since 2017. His work has appeared in publications such as MSN Money, Blockworks, Business Insider, Cointelegraph, Finance Magnates, and Newsweek. Read full bio.

Photo credit: iStock/simarik

SOCRYP-Q325-045

Trend analysis is considered a type of technical analysis that traders use to forecast a security’s price direction. Trend analysis is a lagging indicator, which uses historical data to identify price trends, and help traders spot potential buy and sell opportunities.

Trend traders often rely on technical analysis tools such as momentum indicators, moving averages (MA), and support and resistance levels to identify trend patterns.

Depending on the direction of the trend, traders may take a long position (if prices show an upward trend) or a short position (if they’re moving downward).

Trend trading is a sophisticated strategy that comes with its own risks, as there are no guarantees a trend will hold, and trends frequently reverse.

What Is Trend Trading?

Trend trading, sometimes called trend following, is an offshoot of technical analysis: using a set of tools and metrics to assess stock price movements over time, whether investing online or through a traditional brokerage. Technical analysis helps traders identify patterns in price movements in order to decide whether to enter or exit a position.

Traders may follow a trend over any period of time, including short- , medium-, and long-term trends.

A trend may go upward (a bullish trend), downward (a bearish trend), or sideways (a neutral or range-bound trend).

Trend Trading and Technical Analysis

Traders typically combine different types of analysis and technical tools to help decide when to enter and exit stock positions, how best to profit from a trend, and how to manage the inevitable risk factors.

Technical analysis is different from fundamental analysis, which examines a company’s core financials, like its earnings and revenue. Professional technical analysts are called Chartered Market Technicians or CMTs.

Although the time-honored market adage holds that past performance never guarantees future results, technical analysts often take into account how market psychology, and sentiments like fear and greed, may influence trends or cause them to repeat over time.

For example, if a trader believes that a stock price is on a downward trend, they might take a short position (a strategy known as short-selling), selling stock and potentially rebuying later at a lower price.

On the other hand, if a trader believes that a stock is on an upward trend, they might take a long position. In other words, they would buy stock with the belief that it might increase in value over a certain period, and that they would be able to sell it at a higher price.

Trend Trading Fundamentals

Trend trading may sound straightforward, but it requires a deep understanding of market dynamics and the factors that can help investors evaluate price movements. A few fundamentals to know:

Support and Resistance Levels

One of the patterns that analysts look out for when looking at stock charts are certain thresholds at which stock prices tend to rise or fall.

•   The support level is a point to which a stock will sink but won’t usually fall any further before rising again. It is essentially the level at which demand is strong enough to bolster the price.

•   The resistance level is the level at which selling is strong enough to prevent prices from rising further.

For traders who want to take a long position, they might enter a position near a known level of support and exit within a known level of resistance. Traders interested in taking a short position, would do the opposite.

The Impact of Volume

Trend traders may also take trading volume into consideration. Stock trading volume is a measure of the number of shares that are being bought and sold during a given period.

Another way to look at volume is that it represents investor interest in a stock. The more stock being traded, the heavier the volume and the greater the interest — although additional information is needed to determine the direction of a possible trend.

Recommended: Support and Resistance: A Beginner’s Guide

3 Types of Market Trends to Identify

You might also notice that asset prices during rising and falling trends tend to move in waves. For example, a stock price during a rising trend might rise a little, then make a brief dip before rising again, and so on. The inverse would be true for falling trends.

The end of a rising wave is known as swing high. It’s the price peak before a downturn. The end of a falling wave is called a swing low — the low point before prices rise.

Traders will often zero in on these moments, using them to their advantage, helping them make buy or sell decisions, or using them as key data points for other types of analysis.

1. The Uptrend (Higher Highs and Higher Lows)

You might hear rising trends described as “bullish” because of the way they’re moving forward. Typically during these periods, there is relatively low volatility.

These periods are characterized by short pullbacks on stock price, which are also known as countertrends. In general, however, the rising trend is a series of higher swing highs and higher swing lows, indicating that the price is rising over time, despite the dips along the way.

Because of their low volatility, rising trends may be relatively easy for the average investor to trade in. That said, the countertrends tend to be short and shallow, which means it’s not always easy to know when to jump on board.

2. The Downtrend (Lower Highs and Lower Lows)

“Bearish” or falling trends are characterized by a series of lower swing lows and lower swing highs. In other words the wave pattern starts to reverse itself. The falling trend often differs from a rising trend because there is more volatility, and highs and lows are quick to follow each other.

Falling trends can be tricky for the average investor to negotiate due to their inherent volatility. Price movements and countertrends can be big, which can make it difficult to profit from the trend.

3. The Sideways Trend (Ranging Market)

Neutral trends tend to represent a break between rising or falling trends during which stock price moves up and down in small increments during an extended period of time. This occurs as the price bounces back and forth between levels of support and resistance, with the range between the two possibly being more narrow than in a rising or falling trend.

Think of it a bit like ping-ponging between the floor and ceiling of supply and demand. At this point the price is moving “sideways,” and if you plot the trend lines they will look horizontal and relatively flat.

5 Essential Trend Indicators to Know

Following are some of the technical indicators that traders employ to help identify trends.

1. Moving Averages (MA)

A moving average (MA) is the average value of a security over a specific time. The MA can be:

•   Simple Moving Average (SMA)

•   Exponential Moving Average (EMA)

•   Weighted Moving Average (WMA).

By looking at moving averages traders are able to tune out stock price volatility to a degree, to focus on the signal rather than the noise, and gauge the direction a price may be headed. If the price is above the moving average, it’s considered an uptrend versus when the price moves below the MA, which can signal a downtrend.

Moving averages are typically used in combination with each other, or other stock indicators, to identify trends.

2. Relative Strength Index (RSI)

The relative strength index or RSI is an oscillator tool that looks at price fluctuations in a given period, and calculates average price losses and gains. It ranges from 0 to 100. Generally, above 70 is considered overbought and under 30 is thought to be oversold.

Traders often use the RSI in conjunction with the MACD (see below) to confirm a price trend. The RSI can sometimes identify a divergence, when the indicator moves in opposition to the price; this can show the price trend is weakening.

3. Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD)

The Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD) helps investors gauge whether a security’s movement is bullish or bearish, and helps gauge the momentum of the trend. The MACD uses two different exponential moving averages (EMAs) and a signal line to do so.

The 26-period EMA is subtracted from the 12-period EMA to generate the MACD line. Then a signal line, based on a nine-day EMA, is plotted on top of the MACD to help reveal buy and sell entry points.

If the MACD line crosses above the signal line, that can signal a potential buy opportunity. If it crosses below the signal line, that could signal a price decline and a potential opportunity to sell or take a short position.

4. On-Balance Volume (OBV)

OBV is a little different from the other indicators mentioned. It primarily uses volume flow to gauge future price action on a security or market. When there’s a new OBV peak, it generally indicates that buyers are strong, sellers are weak, and the price of the security may increase.

Similarly, a new OBV low is taken to mean that sellers are strong and buyers are weak, and the price is trending down.

The numerical value of the OBV isn’t important — it’s the direction that matters. In that respect it can be used as a trend confirmation tool. It can also signal divergences, when the price and the volume move in opposite directions.

5. Average Directional Index (ADX)

The ADX is used to evaluate the strength of a given trend, and it’s typically used in conjunction with other indicators because alone it doesn’t show the direction of a trend, but measures its power.

As such, the ADX is a smoothed average of two directional movement indicators (DMI): +DMI (which measures the strength of an uptrend) and -DMI (which measures the strength of a downtrend), typically over a 14-period window. The three lines are typically plotted together on a chart, with the ADX providing a clear read of the +DMI or the -DMI. This can help traders decide when and whether it’s worth “trading the trend.”

The ADX has a range of 0 to 100. Values below 20 indicate a sideways or nonexistent trend; a value between 20 and 25 may show a trend developing; and scores above 20 indicate a strong trend.

Common Trend Trading Strategies

Trend traders typically use technical indicators to execute certain types of strategies.

Breakout Trading

In a market that’s displaying strong trends, either up or down, traders may look to see signs of a breakout, i.e. a change in the trend direction. One signal of a potential breakout is when previously known indicators of support and resistance now show a reversal. Depending on the momentum of the trend, this could signal a breakout trend.

Simple Moving Average Crossover Strategy

A simple moving average (SMA) crossover strategy uses two different SMAs for relevant time periods (short, intermediate, and long), plotted on the security’s price chart, to gauge potential entry and exit points.

For example, a trader looking at short-term opportunities might take a 10-day SMA and a 20-day SMA to look for crossover points. When the shorter SMA line crosses over the longer SMA, that can signal an uptrend — and a possible buy opportunity.

If the shorter SMA crosses below the longer SMA, that could signal a reversal or a downtrend, and traders may consider selling.

Trading Pullbacks and Dips

Trading pullbacks and dips requires a different sensibility, because these patterns involve spotting a temporary break from a trend that isn’t a full reversal. The trader looks for a shorter pullback, so they can enter a position at a favorable price, while expecting the prevailing trend to resume. The challenge is being able to tell the difference between a temporary dip and reversal, which requires experience and technical savvy.

Retracement trading occurs when there are temporary reversals in price that nonetheless present traders with an opportunity to place a trade, and take advantage of the price change when the trend resumes.

Fibonacci retracements are a type of tool that some traders use to gauge the support and resistance levels for a certain stock price.

Benefits and Risks of Trend Trading

Because trend trading can be complex, and requires substantial technical know-how, it offers potential upsides and downsides.

Potential Benefits of Trend Trading

At its best, trend trading offers traders a time-tested system for anticipating price movements. As such, it can help guide traders to enter or exit certain positions, perhaps helping to manage risk or maximize certain outcomes.

Trend analysis is somewhat adaptable as well. Traders, as well as investors, can base their trend trading strategy on a range of applicable data points. This may include market data, fundamental analysis, economic indicators, and more. In short, there’s no one way to do trend trading; it’s a matter of experience and skill.

Potential Risks and How to Manage Them

That said, trend trading offers no guarantees of success. Traders have to be disciplined in their analysis, and resist the impulse to make decisions based on sudden price movements.

In addition, trend trading as a methodology cannot possibly take into account all market movements, never mind external factors. For that reason, experienced trend traders must learn to use a combination of tools when looking for trend confirmation, and accept a certain degree of risk.

Last, trend trading is based on historical data, i.e., past performance. While many traders believe that insights into an asset’s future movements can be gleaned this way, others debate the merits of this strategy.

How to Start Trend Trading in 5 Steps

It’s relatively easy to start trend trading, and many platforms provide a learning environment that simulates actual trend trading in order to help you get the hang of it. Here are a few steps to help get you started:

1.    Start by opening an account that enables DIY trading.

2.    Identify what you want to trade. It’s possible to take positions in a range of markets, but less experienced investors may want to start by mastering one.

3.    Decide how you want to manage risk. Commonly, trend traders might use a combination of stop-loss and different types of limit orders to minimize losses.

4.    Take advantage of demo testing where available. This enables you to build skills and confidence before investing in the markets.

5.    Start trading, and be sure to monitor your positions and adjust as needed.

The Takeaway

Which strategy you use when buying stocks or other securities ultimately depends on your experience and understanding of different tools and techniques. If you’re a hands-on investor, trend trading is a strategy that might help you identify when to buy and sell individual stocks.

Other investors may be interested in a more hands-off approach, such as considering buying mutual funds or exchange-traded funds (ETFs) that hold large portfolios of securities that don’t require active trading strategies or technical analysis.

Invest in what matters most to you with SoFi Active Invest. In a self-directed account provided by SoFi Securities, you can trade stocks, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), mutual funds, alternative funds, options, and more — all while paying $0 commission on every trade. Other fees may apply. Whether you want to trade after-hours or manage your portfolio using real-time stock insights and analyst ratings, you can invest your way in SoFi's easy-to-use mobile app.

FAQ

Is trend trading a good strategy?

Trend trading can be an effective strategy, especially for experienced traders who are skilled at using various technical analysis tools. While there is always risk involved in trend trading, it might be more risky for investors who don’t understand all that’s required to analyze the price movements of various assets.

Can trend trading be profitable?

It’s possible that trend trading might be profitable, and that the careful use of technical analysis could provide an advantage when making trades. But trend trading is a high-risk endeavor, and it’s not guaranteed to deliver a profit.

How do I analyze trends?

Analyzing trends requires understanding some of the factors that go into price movements (such as support and resistance levels, as well as volume), and knowing which technical indicators can provide the most relevant information for a possible trade.

How is trend trading different from day trading?

Day trading is the practice of buying and selling securities within a single trading day. Trend trader look to identify trends that may occur over several days, weeks, months, or even years. While some day traders may use trend-trading techniques, generally the much-shorter timeframe makes some trend trading strategies less useful.

Is trend trading the same as swing trading?

No. Trend trading is where a trader identifies a price trend and takes a position in order to ride out the trend (and ideally see a profit). Swing trading takes advantage of price changes, whether on the upswing or during a dip.

Photo credit: iStock/ArtistGNDphotography