Impact of Personal Loan Term Length on Loan Repayment

When taking out a personal loan, one of the key decisions you’ll have to make is what term to select. A loan’s repayment term (i.e., how long you have to pay it off) can significantly impact your monthly payments, the total amount of interest you pay, and how quickly you become debt-free. Understanding how different term lengths affect loan repayment can help you make an informed choice that aligns with your budget and financial goals.

Below, we walk you through how personal loan term lengths work, and the pluses and minuses of going with a shorter- versus a longer-term loan. 

What Does Personal Loan Term Length Mean?

Put simply, the term length of a personal loan is how long you have to pay it off. More specifically, it’s a period of time that starts when you receive the loan funds and ends when your final payment is due. 

Personal loan terms vary depending on the lender and the amount of the loan, but typically range from two to seven years. Lenders will often give you a choice of loan terms. The length you choose will determine your monthly payment amount and the total amount of interest you’ll pay over the life of the loan. It can also impact the interest rate you’ll pay.

How Do Personal Loan Terms Work?

When you take out a personal loan, you’ll receive the full amount of the loan (called the principal) up front. Typically, you need to start paying back the principal, plus interest, in monthly installments within 30 days. These monthly payments will continue throughout the term of the loan. 

Generally, the larger the loan, the longer the term will be. For example, a $500 personal loan will often have a term of one year or less, while a $15,000 loan might have a three- to four-year term. Loans of $30,000 or more can have terms ranging from five to seven years.

Recommended: How Personal Loans Work

Factors to Consider When Choosing a Personal Loan

There are a number of things to consider when taking out a personal loan. These include:

•   Loan amount: It’s important to take out a loan that’s enough to cover your needs but not more than you’ll need, since you’ll be paying interest on these funds. While you can find personal loans as small as $500, many lenders have loan minimums of $1,000 to $2,000.

•   Interest rate: Rates for personal loans can range anywhere from 5.99% to over 29.99%. The rate you’ll pay will depend on the lender, the loan amount, the loan’s term, and your credit score. Generally, you’ll get a lender’s lowest rate if you have a good or excellent credit score and select the shortest available term.

•   Repayment term: The less time you’re in debt, the less time interest has to accrue. Thus, going with a shorter loan term can lower the overall cost of a personal loan. However, it means your monthly payments will be higher. Repayment terms can also impact personal loan rates, with longer terms typically linked to higher rates, since they pose more risk to the lender.

•   Collateral: Personal loans are typically unsecured, which means you don’t have to pledge a valuable asset (collateral) to back up the loan. There are some secured personal loans, however. Since collateral lowers a lender’s risk, secured loans tend to have lower interest rates than unsecured loans. However, should you fall behind on payments, the lender can seize your collateral to recoup their losses.

•   Origination fee: Some lenders charge origination fees to cover the processing costs of the loan. These fees can range from 1.00% and 8.00% of the total loan amount. In some cases, you need to pay this fee in cash at closing; in others, the lender adds it to the amount you’re financing or subtracts it from your loan before it’s dispersed. Some lenders, however, don’t charge origination fees for personal loans.

•   Prepayment penalty. If you pay off your personal loan early, a lender might charge you a prepayment penalty to make up for the loss in interest. But not all lenders charge a prepayment penalty.

Pros of Short Term Loan Length

Here’s a look at some of the advantages of taking out a personal loan with a shorter repayment term.

Faster Debt Repayment

One of the main advantages of a short-term loan is that you can become debt-free more quickly. By committing to higher monthly payments, you reduce the loan balance faster, which can free up your income for other uses sooner.

Lower Total Interest Costs

Because you are paying off the loan more quickly, there is less time for interest to accrue. As a result, shorter-term loans typically result in lower total interest costs, saving you money in the long run.

Potential for Lower Interest Rates

Since shorter terms reduce risk to the lender, you may be able to get a lower interest rate by choosing a shorter loan term. This can further decrease the overall cost of the loan.

Cons of Short Term Loan Length

Short-term personal loans also have some downsides, Here are some to keep in mind.

Larger Monthly Payments

One of the main drawbacks of a short-term loan is that you’ll have higher monthly payments. This might be challenging if your budget is already tight. It also means you’ll have less money to save and invest. 

Less Financial Flexibility

With higher monthly payments, there is less room in your budget for unexpected expenses. This can be problematic if you encounter financial difficulties or need to redirect funds for emergencies.

Smaller Loan Amounts

Short-term personal loans tend to be for smaller amounts and may not be sufficient to cover your expense.

Recommended: How Much of a Personal Loan Can I Get?

Pros of Long Term Loan Length

Here’s a look at some of the advantages of choosing a personal loan with a longer term. 

Smaller Monthly Payments

A longer term spreads the repayment over a more extended period, resulting in lower monthly payments. This can make the loan more manageable, especially if you have a tight budget or your income fluctuates.

Frees Up Funds

Lower monthly payments give you more flexibility in your budget, freeing up funds for other goals, such as saving, investing, or covering other expenses. This can be beneficial if you anticipate future financial needs or want to maintain a comfortable lifestyle while repaying the loan.

Larger Loan Amounts

Longer-term personal loans typically give you access to larger loan amounts. This can work well if you have a big expense, such as consolidating credit card debt, a wedding, or a home renovation.

Cons of Long Term Loan Length

There are also some disadvantages to going with a longer loan term. Here are some to keep in mind.

Higher Costs

While longer terms generally make monthly payments smaller, extending the time you take to repay a loan typically leads to higher overall interest costs.

Extended Debt Duration

A longer loan term means you’ll be in debt for many years. This prolonged commitment could potentially become a drag on your budget or impact your financial planning, such as saving for retirement or other long-term goals.

Recommended: What Happens If You Default on a Personal Loan?

Potential for Higher Interest Rates

Longer terms lead to increased risk for lenders. As a result, they may charge higher interest rates, which can further increase costs.

Choosing the Best Loan Term Length

When deciding on the best term length for a personal loan, you’ll want to factor in your monthly budget, financial goals, and the total cost of the loan. Here are some tips to help you decide on the best term length for a personal loan.

•   Assess your financial situation: You might start by taking a look at your current monthly income, expenses, and savings targets. From there, you can determine how much you can afford to pay each month without compromising your lifestyle or future goals.

•   Compare interest rates: It’s a good idea to shop around for lenders offering the best interest rates for different term lengths. A slightly higher interest rate might be acceptable if it results in more manageable monthly payments.

•   Calculate total costs: There are online calculators that can help you compare the total interest paid for different term lengths. Understanding the long-term cost implications can help you make an informed decision.

•   Consider flexibility: Check if the loan allows for early repayment without penalties. This flexibility can be handy if your financial situation improves and you want to pay off the loan faster.

The Takeaway

The right personal loan term length for you will depend on several factors, including your budget and future goals. Generally, going with a shorter term makes sense if you can afford a higher payment, want to save money on interest, and prefer to get out of debt quickly. However, you might be better off with a longer term if you need a more affordable monthly payment and want more flexibility, since you can typically pay your loan off ahead of schedule (just watch for any prepayment fees). 

Think twice before turning to high-interest credit cards. Consider a SoFi personal loan instead. SoFi offers competitive fixed rates and same-day funding. Checking your rate takes just a minute.


SoFi’s Personal Loan was named NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Personal Loan overall.

FAQ

Can personal loans be 10 years?

Yes, personal loans can have terms up to 10 years, although they are less common. Long-term personal loans typically range from two to seven years, but some lenders offer 10-year terms for specific purposes or higher loan amounts. 

While a 10-year term can provide lower monthly payments, it often results in higher total interest paid over the life of the loan. Before you sign a long-term loan agreement, you’ll want to carefully consider the total cost and your ability to commit to such an extended repayment period.

Is it OK to pay off a personal loan early?

Yes, it’s generally okay to pay off a personal loan early, and can even be beneficial. Paying off your loan ahead of schedule can save you money on interest and free up money for other goals. 

However, it’s important to check your loan agreement for any prepayment penalties. Some lenders charge fees for early repayment to compensate for the lost interest. If there are no penalties or the savings outweigh the fees, early repayment can be a smart financial move.

Do personal loans hurt your credit?

Personal loans can have both positive and negative impacts on your credit. Initially, applying for a loan results in a hard inquiry, which can temporarily lower your credit score. Taking on new debt may also affect your credit utilization ratio.

However, consistently making on-time payments can benefit your credit over time by demonstrating responsible credit behavior. Taking out a personal loan may also diversify your credit mix, which could also positively impact your credit. The key is to manage the loan responsibly and avoid missing payments to maintain or improve your credit profile.


Photo credit: iStock/Pekic

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Non affiliation: SoFi isn’t affiliated with any of the companies highlighted in this article.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .

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Guide to Letters of Credit

Guide to Letters of Credit

A letter of credit is a document from a bank or financial institution guaranteeing that a buyer’s payment to a seller will be made on time and for the correct amount. As part of a sales agreement, a seller may require the buyer to deliver a letter of credit before a deal takes place.

Letters of credit are often vital in international trade where the two parties involved are not yet familiar with one another. Letters of credit facilitate new trade and prompt payments.

Read on to learn more, including:

•   What a letter of credit is

•   How a letter of credit works

•   What the different types of letters of credit are

•   The pros and cons of letters of credit

•   How to get a letter of credit.

What Is a Letter of Credit in Banking?

A letter of credit in banking is a document that a bank issues to a seller that guarantees payment from their customer for an order or service. The bank where the buyer’s business account is held usually assumes responsibility for the payment for the goods. However, the conditions laid out in the letter of credit must be fulfilled. If the buyer is unable to fulfill the purchase, the bank must pay the seller the purchase amount. The bank or financial institution charges the buyer a fee for guaranteeing the payment and issuing the letter.

Letters of credit are common in international trade situations because various factors can affect cross-border transactions. For example, the deal might involve different legal frameworks, a lack of familiarity between the parties involved, and geographic distance.

If you are a buyer who is planning to be involved in international trade, you will likely want to open a bank account that can provide you with a letter of credit when you need it.

How a Letter of Credit Works

When used properly, letters of credit can work to minimize credit risk and help international trade go smoothly. A vendor selling products or services overseas may want assurance that a buyer of their products or services will pay. Perhaps the buyer is new to them or just a new business, period.

So how does a letter of credit work? It serves as a guarantee from a bank that payment will be made to the vendor once the requirements are met. The letter lays out the conditions of payment, such as the amount, the timing of the payment, and the delivery specifications. The letter may help the business placing the order build their credit, too.

The bank charges the buyer a fee for issuing a letter of credit (often around 0.75% to 1.5% of the amount of the deal). It also does the due diligence to verify the buyer’s creditworthiness. The bank requires collateral or security from the buyer for the payment guarantee. In essence, the bank acts as a third party facilitating the deal.

Recommended: Why is Having a Good Credit Score Important?

Types of Letters of Credit

Here are four types of letters of credit.

•   Commercial Letter of Credit: This is a method in which the issuing bank pays the seller directly. For a stand-by letter of credit, which is a secondary method of payment, the bank only pays the seller if the buyer cannot transfer funds.

•   Revolving Letter of Credit: With this type of letter of credit, the bank guarantees payment for a number of transactions, such as a series of merchandise shipments within a set period of time.

•   Traveler’s Letter of Credit: With this kind of letter, travelers can make withdrawals in a foreign country because the issuing bank guarantees to honor any withdrawals.

•   Confirmed Letter of Credit: A seller using a confirmed letter of credit involves a secondary bank, typically the seller’s bank. This bank guarantees payment if the first bank fails to pay.

There is also an irrevocable letter of credit. This is a letter of credit that can’t be changed or canceled unless all parties agree.

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Letter of Credit Example

Here’s an example of a letter of credit: A bank provides commercial letters of credit and stand-by letters of credit within two weeks. The funds are secured through deposits at the bank, and the terms are renewable. These documents can help reassure parties doing business internationally with new businesses or clients who have recently started a business.

The Money Behind a Letter of Credit

So where do the payment funds for a letter of credit originate? The party paying for the goods or services typically deposits funds in advance to the bank that issues the letter of credit to cover the payment. Alternatively, the amount might be frozen in the payer’s account or the payer might borrow from the bank using a line of credit.

When Does Payment Happen?

Payment usually occurs when the seller has completed all the stipulations in the letter of credit. For example, the seller might have to deliver the goods to a specific address or onto a ship for transportation in the case of international trade. In the latter case, shipping documents would serve as proof that the requirements for payment have been fulfilled. They might then trigger the payment transaction.

What to Watch Out for

Here are some common mistakes sellers may make when relying on a letter of credit for payment.

•   Failing to check all of the requirements in the letter of credit.

•   Failing to understand the documents required for the deal.

•   Failing to confirm whether the time limits for delivery and payment are reasonable.

•   Failing to meet the time limits.

•   Failing to get the necessary proof of delivery documents to the bank.

Letters of Credit Terminology

Here are some terms and phrases to know if you may be using letters of credit.

•   Advising bank: This is the bank that informs the seller that the letter of credit has been completed. The advising bank is also called the notifying bank.

•   Applicant: The party or buyer of products or services who applies for the letter of credit from the bank.

•   Beneficiary: The party, or seller, who will receive payment. The seller usually requests a letter of credit to guarantee payment.

•   Confirming bank: The bank that guarantees the payment of the required funds to the seller. If a third party is involved, the confirming bank is often the seller’s bank.

•   Freight forwarder: A shipping company that provides the transportation documents to the seller.

•   Intermediary: These are companies that link buyers and sellers and may use letters of credit to ensure transactions are executed.

•   Issuing bank: The bank that issues the letter of credit.

•   Negotiating bank: If a third party is involved, the negotiating bank works with the beneficiary and the other banks involved. They likely determine the letter of credit requirements to complete the transaction.

•   Shipper: The transportation company that ships goods.

•   Stand-by letter of credit: A secondary letter of credit that’s used when a deal requirement has not been met. For example, if payment does not occur within the specified timeframe, a stand-by letter of credit would then be used to help guarantee that the deal goes through.

Pros and Cons of Letters of Credit

A letter of credit provides security for both parties involved in a trade, but it can also add costs and time to business transactions.

Pros

Cons

•   Reduces the risk that payment will not be made for goods or services, thereby providing security

•   Allows for additional requirements to be built into a letter of credit, such as quality control and delivery stipulations

•   Provides transaction security for both the buyer and the seller

•   Forges new trade relationships

•   Incurs bank fees for the letter of credit, typically for the buyer, which increases the cost of doing business

•   Adds time by preparing a letter of credit; transactions can be delayed

•   May require a separate letter of credit for each transaction

•   Typically stipulates that the buyer provides collateral to the bank

How to Get a Letter of Credit

Getting a letter of credit usually requires a few steps. It’s wise to get the necessary paperwork together first. Various documents will usually be listed as requirements for a trade, such as a shipping bill, a commercial invoice, insurance documents, a certificate of origin, and a certificate of inspection.

Here are the steps typically taken to obtain a letter of credit.

1.    The buyer and seller come to agreement on the sale terms and the use of a letter of credit.

2.    The buyer contacts their bank where they have a checking account and requests a letter of credit and provides necessary documents.

3.    The issuing bank prepares the letter based on the terms of the sales agreement and sends it to the confirming bank or advising bank, which is typically in the seller’s home country.

4.    The confirming bank verifies the terms and forwards the letter to the seller.

5.    The goods can then be shipped, and the exporter sends documentation to the advising or confirming bank.

6.    Document verification and settlement of payment can then occur.

When to Use a Letter of Credit

A letter of credit is beneficial for sellers entering into a new trade relationship or an international trade relationship. It can provide assurance that the seller will receive payment because the issuing bank guarantees payment once the requirements have been met. Sellers may also use the guarantee of payment to borrow capital to fulfill the buyer’s order.

The Takeaway

A letter of credit is usually requested by an exporter or seller to minimize credit risk. The buyer of the goods or services applies to a bank and requests a letter of credit based on the sales agreement. This document helps guarantee that payment will be made. It can provide priceless peace of mind when conducting international trade or doing business with a new customer.

Another path to financial peace of mind: Choosing the right bank account. Whether you’re looking for a business account or a personal account, it’s wise to shop around to find the best banking fit for your needs.

Interested in opening an online bank account? When you sign up for a SoFi Checking and Savings account with direct deposit, you’ll get a competitive annual percentage yield (APY), pay zero account fees, and enjoy an array of rewards, such as access to the Allpoint Network of 55,000+ fee-free ATMs globally. Qualifying accounts can even access their paycheck up to two days early.

Better banking is here with SoFi, NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Checking Account Overall.* Enjoy up to 4.00% APY on SoFi Checking and Savings.

FAQ

How much does a letter of credit cost?

A typical fee for a letter of credit is typically 0.75% percent to 1.5% of the amount of the deal, but the rate will vary depending on the country and other factors.

How do you apply for a letter of credit?

Once the terms of a trade are agreed upon between the buyer and the seller, a buyer contacts their bank to request a letter of credit. They then gather the required documentation and fill out an application with that bank.

Why do you need a letter of credit?

The parties involved in a trade typically use a letter of credit to minimize risk. For the seller, a letter of credit can guarantee payment for goods once certain requirements have been met and the buyer confirms their creditworthiness as a trade partner.


Photo credit: iStock/Lesia_G

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

This article is not intended to be legal advice. Please consult an attorney for advice.

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Using a Personal Loan for a Down Payment

Coming up with enough cash for a down payment to buy a house is often the biggest hurdle for prospective homebuyers. To avoid paying for mortgage insurance, you typically need to put down 20% of the purchase price. These days that can be a hefty sum: The average home sales price in the second quarter of 2024 was around $500,000, which means a typical buyer will need to accumulate at least $50,000 to purchase a home.

If you don’t have that kind of cash sitting around, using a personal loan might sound like a great solution. Unfortunately, many mortgage lenders do not permit you to do this. Even if you can find one who does, it may not be a good idea. Here’s what you need to know about using a personal loan for a down payment.

Why Can’t I Use a Personal Loan as a Down Payment?

As part of the mortgage application process, a lender will want to verify the sources for your down payment. Being able to provide documentation that you have enough money in savings to cover your down payment (and then some) gives the lender confidence in your strength as a borrower and your ability to repay the loan.

If you fund a down payment through a personal loan, however, a lender may see it as a sign of potential financial instability, which raises their risk. As a result, some types of mortgages — including conventional mortgages and FHA mortgages — forbid the use of personal loans as a down payment for a home.

Why Is It Bad to Use a Personal Loan for a Down Payment on a House?

Even if you are able to find a mortgage lender who allows you to use a personal loan for a down payment, doing so can have several negative consequences. Here are the primary reasons why it’s considered a bad idea.

•  It can increase your DTI: Having a personal loan on your credit reports impacts your debt-to-income (DTI) ratio — how much of your monthly income goes to repaying debts. A higher DTI ratio can make it more challenging to qualify for a mortgage or reduce the amount for which you can qualify.

•  It might increase your interest rate. Taking out a personal loan to cover a down payment signals to a mortgage lender that you’re financially stretched and may not be able to afford homeownership. This makes you a greater risk. To protect themselves, a lender may offer you a higher rate than a borrower using savings for their down payment.

•  Higher monthly payments: Personal loans typically have shorter terms and higher interest rates than mortgages. Using a personal loan for a down payment means additional debt on top of a mortgage, which could be difficult to manage and lead to financial strain.

•  Greater risk of default. If your budget is stretched due to multiple debts, you could potentially fall behind on your personal loan, mortgage payments, or both. If that happens, you risk defaulting on your debt, damaging your credit, and in a worst-case scenario, losing your home.

Recommended: Typical Personal Loan Requirements Needed for Approval

What Are Alternatives to a Personal Loan for a Down Payment?

Instead of using money from a personal loan for a down payment on a house, here are other ways to fund this milestone purchase.

Savings

If you’re not in a rush, you may want to push back your home purchase and ramp up your savings. To ensure consistency with your savings, consider setting up an automated transfer from checking to a dedicated savings account for a set day each month. You might also want to put any windfalls — like a tax refund, work bonus, or cash gift — toward your down payment fund to get to your goal faster.

Recommended: How to Afford a Down Payment on Your First Home

Gifts From Family

Many mortgage lenders allow down payment funds to come from gifts provided by family members. If you have relatives who are willing and able to assist, this can be a viable option. Since a lender may ask you to substantiate any large deposits into your bank account, it’s a good idea to ask the giver to provide a letter to your lender detailing the amount and confirming that it is a gift and not a loan.

Down Payment Assistance Programs

Various local, state, and federal programs offer down payment assistance to eligible homebuyers. These programs can provide grants, low-interest loans, or forgivable loans to help cover your down payment and closing costs. They’re typically geared toward first-time homeowners who are low- to middle-income. The Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) allows you to search local home-buying programs by state on the HUD website.

Look Into Loans That Require a Smaller Down Payment

There are some types of mortgages that do not require a large down payment. FHA loans (which are insured by the Federal Housing Administration), for example, allow eligible borrowers to put down as little as 3.5%. USDA loans (targeted to certain suburban and rural homebuyers) and VA loans (designed for U.S. service members and their surviving spouses) don’t require any down payment.

Recommended; Guide to Getting a No Down Payment Mortgage

Retirement Account Loans or Withdrawals

Some retirement accounts, like a 401(k) or IRA, allow you to take out a loan or make a withdrawal for a home purchase. While this option can provide the necessary funds, it’s essential to understand the implications, such as potential taxes, penalties, and the impact on your retirement savings. It’s a good idea to consult with a financial advisor to determine if this could be a good option for your situation.

Recommended: Guide to Personal Loans for Beginners

The Takeaway

Taking out a personal loan might seem like a good way to get the funds for a down payment on a home. The problem is that many mortgage lenders won’t permit you to use a personal loan for down payment and, if they do, may charge you a higher interest rate or lower your loan amount, as they will view you as a risky borrower.

Personal loans are generally better left for other purposes, such as covering emergency expenses, consolidating credit card debt, or making home repairs or improvements (once you become a homeowner). If you are considering getting a personal loan, be sure to shop around to find the right offer. Personal loans from SoFi, for instance, offer competitive fixed interest rates.

SoFi’s Personal Loan was named NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Personal Loan overall.

FAQ

Can you use a personal loan for closing costs?

It may be possible to use a personal loan to cover closing costs when buying a home. These costs, which may include appraisal fees, title insurance, and attorney fees, can add up quickly. Just keep in mind that some mortgage lenders may not approve a borrower for a mortgage if they have recently taken out a personal loan, as it shows you may not be in a strong financial position to take on other new debt.

Do banks check what you spend your loan on?

Banks typically do not check or monitor what you spend the funds from a personal loan on. Once the loan is approved and the funds are transferred to your bank account, it is up to you to use the money as agreed upon in the loan agreement.

Keep in mind, however, that misusing the funds from a personal loan can have financial and legal consequences. If you use the loan money for something other than what was outlined in the loan agreement, you are technically in violation of the terms of the loan. This could potentially lead to penalties, legal action, or damage to your credit score.

What happens if you don’t use all of your personal loan?

If you don’t use all of your personal loan, you’re still responsible for repaying the full amount borrowed, along with interest. If your lender doesn’t charge a prepayment penalty, you might consider using the excess funds to pay off your loan ahead of schedule — this can reduce the total amount of interest you’ll pay for the loan.


Photo credit: iStock/whitebalance.oatt

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.


Non affiliation: SoFi isn’t affiliated with any of the companies highlighted in this article.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

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Personal Loan for Closing Costs

When you purchase a home, you must pay closing costs, which are the fees the lender charges to recoup loan processing costs. These can add up to a hefty sum, typically 3% to 6% of your mortgage amount.

Typically, you can take out a personal loan to cover those closing costs and help you across the finish line of a property purchase. You can often tap other funding sources as well. Take a closer look at the pros and cons of using a personal loan for closing costs, plus the alternatives, so you can decide what’s best for your needs.

What Are Closing Costs?

Closing costs are processing fees that you pay to your lender, either as the buyer or seller in a real estate transaction:

•   Buyers: Buyers typically pay between 3% and 6% of the total loan amount in closing costs. Buyers must pay this amount out of pocket, so it’s important for them to have a plan for how they’ll access the money before they get to the closing table.

•   Sellers: If sellers contribute to closing costs (say, to negotiate a home sale), those fees usually get taken out from the sale proceeds.

Here’s an example: If you plan to buy a home with a $300,000 loan, as the buyer, you’ll need to bring between $9,000 and $18,000 to the closing table. If you were the seller, you’d see that amount taken out of the costs you’d pocket from the sale.

Fees Associated with Closing Costs

Closing cost fees may include:

•   Application fee: Lenders sometimes charge a one-time fee for borrowers to submit a loan application.

•   Credit report fee: A credit report or credit check fee covers the cost to dig into your credit report, which shows your credit history. Your lender uses the information it uncovers to decide whether to approve your loan and how much they’ll lend you.

•   Origination fee: You pay this fee to the lender to process the loan application.

•   Appraisal fee: A fee paid to a professional to appraise the home based on an evaluation to determine its fair market value.

•   Title search: A title search looks into public records to determine who actually owns the property and who has liens on the property (for example, an unpaid contractor’s lien for work done on the home).

•   Title insurance: Title insurance protects you from financial loss and legal expenses in case the home has a bad title.

•   Underwriting fee: Underwriting is the process of reviewing your finances to determine the risk of offering you a mortgage, and the fees cover this process.

•   Property survey fee: Property survey fees cover the cost of checking the boundaries and easements of a property. This process shows exactly where the property’s perimeter is and what the property includes.

•   Attorney fee: You will probably need to hire a lawyer to review the terms in your purchase contract and handle your closing.

•   Discount points: Discount points are a way to balance your upfront costs and your monthly payment. If you use points to pay more upfront, you’ll likely have a lower interest rate, meaning that you could pay less monthly and over your loan term.

•   Homeowners insurance premiums: Homeowners insurance provides financial protection if your home undergoes a disaster or accident. You must typically show your lender that you have paid homeowners insurance.

•   Mortgage insurance: If you have a down payment of less than 20%, you will often have to pay mortgage insurance, a fee per month that protects your lender if you were to default. You’ll also have to pay a version of mortgage insurance on Federal Housing Administration (FHA) and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) loans. You may have to pay these insurance fees with your closing costs in addition to your monthly payments, particularly for the FHA and USDA loans.

•   Property tax: Homeowners pay property tax to state, county, and local authorities for schools, roads, and other municipal services. You may have to pay a portion of your property tax at closing.

•   Homeowners association (HOA) fees: If you plan to move to a neighborhood that has an HOA, or an organization that makes and enforces rules for a neighborhood, you may owe HOA fees at closing. The seller may pay these on a prorated basis.

•   Per-diem interest: Per-diem interest refers to the interest a lender charges for the days between a closing date and the first day of your billing period.

•   Transfer tax: State or local governments often charge real estate transfer taxes, meaning that they charge when properties transfer ownership.

•   Recording fee: State and local governments charge recording fees to legally record your deed, mortgage, and other home loan documents.

Note that this isn’t an exhaustive list of closing costs — you may be on the hook for other fees as well.

Can You Use a Personal Loan for Closing Costs?

First, it’s important to understand how a personal loan works. It is usually funded by a bank, credit union, or online lender. You can typically use the money however you want — there aren’t as many restrictions on personal loans compared to, say, student loans. After you receive a personal loan, you pay it back with regular, fixed payments (with interest) over a specified term.

As mentioned above, you can use the cash as you see fit. So, yes, you can use a personal loan for closing costs. However, you can’t use it for a down payment, and you must tell your lender that you’ll go this route and borrow to pay the closing costs. The lender will include it in your debt-to-income (DTI) ratio, which is the amount of debt you have relative to your income.

Applying for a personal loan can involve prequalifying with several lenders and comparing them, gathering required documents (ID, proof of address and income, Social Security number, and education history), filling out the loan application, and receiving your funds after approval. You may be able to get a personal loan in one to three days.

As you shop around for funds, you’ll likely want to consider what credit score you need for a personal loan at a given interest rate. Also consider the length of the loan term; this can typically range from one to seven years.

Recommended: Guide to Personal Loans

Pros of Taking Out a Personal Loan for Closing Costs

Here are some of the key benefits of taking out a personal loan for closing costs.

•   Collateral not required: Personal loans are often unsecured loans, meaning that you don’t have to put an asset up in order to receive the loan. Therefore, if you fail to repay the loan, your lender will not claim the asset to repay your debts.

•   Quick approval: It usually doesn’t take long to get a personal loan once you’ve been approved. After you submit your application and materials, it might take just a day to get the personal loan, though it could take longer.

•   Flexible repayment options: You can tap into flexible repayment plans, including no prepayment penalty, meaning that the lender won’t penalize you for paying off the loan early.

Cons of Taking Out a Personal Loan for Closing Costs

Next, consider the downsides of using a personal loan to cover closing costs.

•   DTI increase: Lenders will look at your overall debt under a microscope, so taking on a personal loan may factor into your overall debt. It may signal to the lender that you aren’t in a good financial position since an additional loan could raise your DTI ratio. It might keep you from being approved for a mortgage or could result in a higher mortgage interest rate.

•   Additional loan payment: You might find it tricky to repay a personal loan in addition to a mortgage payment. Consider whether you can comfortably make both payments every month.

•   High interest rates: There is the potential for high interest rates if you have poor credit. This can make it more challenging to afford a personal loan.

Recommended: Personal Loan Requirements

Alternatives to a Personal Loan for Closing Costs

You may have options vs. getting a personal loan for closing costs. Consider how else you might handle those fees.

•   Roll them into your mortgage: You may be able to add your closing costs to your mortgage, but this means you’ll increase the principal balance of your loan. This will increase both the principal and the interest you’ll pay over your loan term and also translates to higher monthly payments.

•   Ask for a waiver: Your lender may be willing to waive certain fees. For example, they may reduce certain processing fees. There’s no guarantee, but it can be worth asking. That might help you out with your final closing cost amount.

•   Ask the seller to pay: As mentioned previously, sellers may pay for some of the closing costs if they’re eager to ensure that the property sale doesn’t fall through.

•   Tap into assistance programs: Many state and local governments offer down payment and closing cost assistance programs for moderate- to low-income home buyers. Look into your state’s housing finance agency, your city or county website, the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), or check with your lender to learn more about your options.

•   Use gift money: Do you have a generous grandparent or parent who wants to help you cover your closing costs? Your state may have rules and regulations attached with gift money (especially ensuring that it’s an actual gift). Check with your lender to learn more.

The Takeaway

You can typically use a personal loan to pay for closing costs, the fees that can cost 3% to 6% of your home loan amount when you purchase a property. While this can be a convenient source of funding that is typically unsecured (meaning no collateral is required), it can raise your DTI and add to your monthly financial burden. It’s wise to carefully consider all the pros and cons, as well as alternative funding sources, when deciding whether to use a personal loan for closing costs.

Think twice before turning to high-interest credit cards. Consider a SoFi personal loan instead. SoFi offers competitive fixed rates and same-day funding. Checking your rate takes just a minute.


SoFi’s Personal Loan was named NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Personal Loan overall.

FAQ

Is it smart to finance closing costs?

Whether it’s smart to finance closing costs depends on your personal situation. For example, for some people who can handle the additional monthly payment, it may be a convenient move. On the other hand, getting a personal loan may increase your DTI, so your mortgage lender might charge you a higher interest rate or deny you the loan altogether.

Can I put closing costs on a credit card?

While you’ll usually use a cashier’s check, certified check, or wire transfer to pay for closing costs, you can put some closing costs on a credit card, such as attorney, appraisal, and survey fees. Check with your lender to learn more about which fees you can put on a credit card. (Also note that using your credit card in this way can raise your credit utilization rate and potentially lower your credit score.)

What is not an acceptable source of funds for closing?

Closing costs are typically paid by a cashier’s or certified check or by wire transfer. Funds for these could be acquired by such sources as a government program or a personal loan. Less frequently, credit cards, debit cards, and personal checks may be accepted for some closing costs.


Photo credit: iStock/jacoblund

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.


Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .

Non affiliation: SoFi isn’t affiliated with any of the companies highlighted in this article.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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Payday Loan Consolidation

A payday loan is a high-cost, short-term loan that gives you a quick infusion of cash to tide you over until your next paycheck. If you’ve taken out several payday loans, you may wonder about your repayment options. Consolidating them, or taking out a single new loan to pay off the multiple high-interest ones, can be an option. For some people, it can be a path out of the debt cycle.

It’s important to understand how this process can work and its pros and cons.

Understanding Payday Loan Consolidation

Before you learn about payday loan consolidation, a brief note about these loans: They are typically used by people in urban areas who earn less than $40,000 per year. They can offer cash when needed for individuals who are falling behind on rent, utilities, or car payments.

Next, take a closer look at payday loans and how debt consolidation works.

Definition and How It Works

Payday loan consolidation means combining multiple existing payday loans under one new personal loan. In short, payday loan debt consolidation bands your loans together and allows you to repay them, typically at a lower interest rate and/or with a longer repayment period, usually one to seven years. In short, they can be a great alternative to repaying individual payday loans. While payday loans are usually very short-term, if you do the math, their annual percentage rate (APR) can be a shocking 391% or higher.

To get a payday loan consolidation loan, you can take the following steps:

1.    Add up your payday loan balance, including fees.

2.    Compare debt consolidation interest rates and loan terms, as well as personal loan requirements.

3.    Apply for the loan that best suits your needs. Banks, credit unions, and online lenders may offer personal loans, which are typically unsecured loans, meaning you don’t need to provide collateral.

4.    Once you are approved for a personal loan, you receive a lump sum payment to pay off your payday lenders. Or your lender may pay off your payday loans directly.

5.    Make monthly payments on the personal loan until you pay it off completely. Setting up automatic payments so you don’t miss a payment can be a smart move.

Recommended: Payday Loan Requirements

Benefits of Consolidating Payday Loans

Here are the benefits of consolidating online payday loans and other forms of fast cash lending.

•   New interest rate: Consolidating your payday loans means you can get a new, lower interest rate, well below than the triple-digit APRs that payday loans typically carry.

•   Convenience: When you consolidate to a personal loan, you receive a regular monthly payment, which helps with a more predictable repayment schedule. You no longer need to juggle or worry about multiple payments.

•   Lower fees: You may get charged an origination fee (between 1% and 10% of the loan amount) with a personal loan, but these charges are typically much less than the cost of carrying payday loans.

•   Credit building: You might be able to build your credit score as you make regular, on-time monthly payments on your new personal loan. This can benefit you in the long run because it could give you opportunities to qualify for other loans at more favorable rates in the future.

Options for Payday Loan Consolidation

There are several options for payday loan consolidation, including debt consolidation loans, credit counseling services, and debt management plans.

Debt Consolidation Loans

You might want to consider a debt consolidation loan through a bank, a credit union, or an online lender. A debt consolidation loan is a type of loan that allows you to pool many of your loan payments into a single loan payment, making it easier for you to keep track of your payments. You might also find that these financial institutions offer significantly lower interest rates than payday loans. This can result in lower monthly costs, which can be very helpful for those who are living paycheck to paycheck.

Check for the interest rate on your new loan and the length of time you’ll repay your debt consolidation loan to ensure you get a comprehensive understanding of how much you’ll pay.

Credit Counseling Services

Credit counseling services are nonprofit organizations that help you manage your debts. They may offer educational materials and advice after reviewing your situation in a consultation, educate you about money management, help you develop a budget, and understand your credit report and scores.

Debt Management Plans

Credit counseling agencies and certified financial planners (CFPs) can help you develop a debt management plan. They will walk through your financial situation and discuss several options, including how to handle unsecured debts like credit cards and personal loans. Agencies may take management of your debts and contact creditors to find out if they can:

•   Lower interest rates

•   Lower monthly payments

•   Stop late fees

They will let all your creditors know that they have taken over your accounts, which means your payments go to the agency instead of to your creditors.

A CFP can help you budget and explore options for restructuring and consolidating your debt.

Of course, you’ll pay fees for these professional services, so check with the agency or CFP how much you’ll pay. Be cautious about this decision, and check the reputation of an agency or financial professional carefully.

Qualifying for Payday Loan Consolidation

You can qualify for payday loan consolidation by meeting credit and income verification requirements and by understanding the fees and interest rates, repayment terms, and schedules.

Credit Requirements and Income Verification

Here are the usual requirements: You must be 18 or older and have a valid ID, such as a driver’s license or passport, to get a consolidation loan. You must also prove your income through a pay stub or other document and that you have an active bank or credit union account.

Fees and Interest Rates

Payday debt consolidation loans also come with fees and interest. As of August 2024, interest rates range from about 8.00% to 36.00%, depending on your creditworthiness, with an average of 12.36%. Origination fees are typically 1% to 10% of the loan amount.

Repayment Terms and Schedules

Along with a lower interest rate, you can also expect a longer repayment period with a payday consolidation loan compared to a standard payday loan. The term typically ranges from one to seven years with monthly payments.

Develop a Debt Repayment Strategy

Once you receive the money for the payday loan consolidation, you can pay off each payday lender (or the lender of your consolidation loan may do so for you). Then focus on paying off your personal loan. It’s vital to keep up on your personal loan payments, because missed payments can negatively affect your credit score.

Consider setting up automatic payments to avoid making missed payments, which also results in late fees. You might even get a discount (possibly between 0.25% and 0.50%) to set up automatic payments.

Create a Budget and Cutting Expenses

Creating a budget can help ensure you won’t need another payday loan. Use a budget app or try a method like the 50/30/20 budget rule to keep track of your expenses and to determine where you can cut back, whether it’s eating out, purchasing shoes or clothes, a gym membership you never use, or other items you don’t really need.

Doing this can help you make your payday loan consolidation payments and meet all your other debt obligations. Staying on top of your finances in this way can be a path to paying off debt quickly.

Prioritizing Debt Payments

Consider prioritizing debt repayment for your personal loan for consolidation and also on other loans that you owe. Taking care of all types of debt you owe can set you up for financial success. Tackling all types of debts can help you succeed over time, so keep track of what you owe on the following:

•   Mortgage

•   Student loans

•   Auto loan

•   Home equity loan

•   Credit-builder loan

Recommended: Debt Payoff Guide

Build an Emergency Fund

Many experts recommend building an emergency fund that contains three to six months’ worth of basic expenses, to help protect against incurring future debts. An emergency fund can cover unexpected expenses or financial emergencies, such as a big car repair bill or a job loss situation. You might put the money for an emergency fund into a high-yield savings account to earn a competitive interest rate.

If you have an emergency in the future, you can dip into your emergency savings instead of taking out a payday loan.

Avoid Payday Loan Debt in the Future

Payday loans are risky, and if you need money, they should be your last resort. So, what are your alternatives? Here are some options.

Understand the Risks of Payday Loans

Payday loans may seem innocuous because you can get a quick infusion of cash without a credit check as long as you repay the loan balance on your next payday. Payday loans are small loans (usually $500 or less) that you must repay within 10 to 14 days of receiving the money. No biggie, right?

It’s true that you’ll get funds in your bank account quickly — usually within one business day. But the risks of payday loans occur when the lender assesses fees. Payday lenders don’t charge traditional interest rates — they usually charge a flat fee, between $10 and $30 for every $100 borrowed.

For example, a $500 loan could incur $150 in fees after the 10- to 14-day period. Some have interest rates of a whopping 600%.

Explore Alternative Financing Options

To avoid those kinds of interest rates, alternatives to payday loans include:

•   Personal loans: Standard personal loans can offer funds at a significantly lower interest rate, if you qualify. Bad-credit personal loans can be obtained by those who have a low credit score, and these loans do not require collateral. Unfortunately, these come with higher interest rates, but they’re not as high as payday loans.

•   Payday alternative loans: Payday alternative loans come from credit unions as an alternative to payday loans. Payday alternative loans (PALs) are divided into PALs I and PALs II. Credit unions offer $200 and $1,000 PALs I with a maximum 28.00% APR, with one- to six-month repayment terms. Credit unions offer PALs up to $2,000 and a maximum 28.00% APR, with one- to 12-month repayment terms.

•   Home equity line of credit (HELOC): A HELOC is a type of loan where you borrow against your home’s equity. Your home serves as collateral, which means the bank could seize your home if you don’t repay your loan. You can think of a HELOC as similar to a credit card. After your lender approves the amount you can borrow, you have a certain amount of time to withdraw up to the limit within the draw period. When the draw period ends (say, after 10 years), you’ll enter a repayment period, such as 10 or 20 years. HELOCs typically have much lower interest rates than payday loans.

•   Friend and family loans: Consider asking family and friends for a loan, but remember that not repaying a loan to family or friends can have lasting effects on your relationship.

•   Credit card cash advance: Cash advances are short-term loans that allow you to access money from the financial institution that backs your credit card. You can borrow money against your line of credit, though it’s important to check the fees and APR. A credit card cash advance is usually an expensive option.

•   Employer paycheck advances: Your employer may offer paycheck or payroll advances up to a limit, typically $1,000. You pay the loan back to your employer through future earned wages. Learn more about the repayment terms and details about the payment advance before you go that route.

•   Peer-to-peer loans: Peer-to-peer loans take a crowdfunding approach to borrowing money. Money comes from individual private investors instead of institutions, typically in the form of unsecured personal loans, but note that due to the nature of these loans, the government doesn’t provide insurance for them.

•   Second job or side hustle: A side hustle or second job can bring in more cash, if you have the time and resources to devote to it. This income stream could help you avoid taking out a payday loan.

Improving Financial Literacy

One of the best ways to improve your understanding and management of your money is to learn as much as you can about it. Developing financial literacy can help you make informed decisions about how to save money for emergencies, avoid debt, spend and budget wisely, and more. This, in turn, can help you sidestep payday loans.

The Takeaway

If you’ve taken out payday loans, you may wonder if consolidating payday loans makes sense. Taking out a single personal loan can help you replace multiple high-interest loans with a single, lower-interest one. This can allow you to reduce the amount of interest you’ll pay over time and take better control of your finances. Other types of loans may also be available to help you avoid payday loans. Educate yourself about all of your options so you can choose the best path forward.

Think twice before turning to high-interest credit cards. Consider a SoFi personal loan instead. SoFi offers competitive fixed rates and same-day funding. Checking your rate takes just a minute.


SoFi’s Personal Loan was named NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Personal Loan overall.

FAQ

Can I consolidate payday loans with bad credit?

You may be able to get a payday consolidation loan with bad credit, but the interest rate may be higher than what you’d find with a higher credit score. Check with lenders to see whether you qualify for payday loan consolidation and at what interest rate.

What happens if I miss payments on a consolidated loan?

When you opt for a payday loan consolidation, your responsibility is to repay your loans. If you miss payments on a loan consolidation, you will likely incur late fees and could face a negative impact on your credit score. Keep making on-time, regular payments so your credit score doesn’t take a dip.

How long does payday loan consolidation take?

You can typically receive a personal loan fairly quickly, and the repayment term is usually between one and seven years.


Photo credit: iStock/tsingha25

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.


Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .

Non affiliation: SoFi isn’t affiliated with any of the companies highlighted in this article.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

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