7 Ways to Use a HELOC to Build Wealth

The average homeowner with a mortgage ended 2023 with $299,000 in home equity, according to ICE Mortgage Monitor, which also estimates that the average funds homeowners could tap by borrowing against their home equity is $193,000.

Obviously, that number varies for each individual and depends on factors such as the original down payment, local property values, and the amount of time in the home. But if you have more than 20% equity in your home, using a home equity line of credit (HELOC) to build wealth is a strategy to consider.

Ways to Build Wealth With a HELOC

A home equity line of credit lets you borrow funds as needed (up to a prearranged limit) through a credit draw. This is different from a home equity loan, in which you would borrow a one-time sum of cash. Drawing on your home equity for certain expenses could help grow your wealth over time, if it financially makes sense. Here are some options to consider.

1. Home Improvements

A HELOC works well for larger home improvement projects and renovations because you can draw funds to pay for materials and contractors as needed. You accrue interest only on the outstanding balance, so it could be cheaper to opt for a HELOC vs. a home equity loan. And if you itemize your taxes, you could deduct HELOC interest payments when the money is used to improve the home.

Plus, a renovation project could build wealth by increasing the value of your home. Home improvement experts estimate that a kitchen refresh could deliver a 377% return on investment and refinishing hardwood floors could have a 348% ROI.

2. Debt Consolidation

You can’t deduct HELOC interest when you use the funds to consolidate debt, but you could still build your wealth. Paying off debt with a lower interest rate could save you a lot of money over the long run. Let’s look at an example.

Say you qualify for a HELOC with an 8% APR but you have a $10,000 credit card balance with a 22% APR. In order to pay off that card in five years, you’d pay $276.19 per month and pay $6,571.35 in interest.

With the HELOC, on the other hand, let’s say you made interest-only payments for one year, then spread out the principal and remaining interest over four years, for a total of five years. During the interest-only period, your payment would be $66.67, followed by $244.13 for the remaining four years. On top of that, you’d only pay a total of $2,518.19 in interest for the entire five years. That’s a potential savings of $4,053.16 in interest payments by consolidating to a lower rate!

3. Real Estate Investments

Using a HELOC to finance an investment property can help you start climbing the real estate ladder. Homeowners could use the funds to make a down payment, cover closing costs, and/or make some upgrades before renting out the property.

You’ll still need to qualify for the new property’s monthly mortgage loan payments, particularly if there isn’t a current rental income history for the lender to review. Assuming you’re eligible for the loan, the goal is to use the rental income to pay off the HELOC and make a profit. On top of that, the property itself could increase in value over time, building your overall wealth.

4. Education and Skills Development

Investing your home equity in your education or skills development could increase your earning power and, consequently, your wealth. Research shows that people with advanced degrees tend to earn more than those without them.

For instance, a study published in Demography revealed that women with bachelor’s degrees earn $630,000 more in a lifetime than those with a high school degree. For men, the increase in lifetime earnings is $900,000. The numbers are even more dramatic with graduate degrees. Women’s lifetime earnings are $1.1 million higher than their high school graduate counterparts, whereas men earn $1.5 million more. Clearly, investing in your professional skills can translate into greater wealth.

5. Start or Expand a Business

The majority of small business owners invest their personal funds in the growth of their companies. Research also shows that upfront funding correlates with greater revenue. So while there’s no way to know that home equity financing you use for your business will guarantee success, it could improve your odds to scale more quickly.

6. Investment Portfolio Growth

Growing a diversified investment portfolio is another option for using a HELOC to build wealth. Obviously, there is risk involved when funding investments. Focusing on long-term investments could help reduce the risk of short-term market volatility. Remember, though, that for investments made with money from a HELOC to truly pay off, you would have to earn more on the investment than you pay in interest for the HELOC.

7. Emergency Fund or Cash Reserve

Most financial experts recommend having three to six month’s worth of savings on hand in cash in case you lose a job or the ability to earn an income. However, the economic volatility that came during the pandemic has people rethinking that number and even recommending up to a year of expenses in savings. Using a type of home equity loan like a HELOC could give you the peace of mind of having a financial cushion to fall back on, while allowing you to carefully invest that six months of savings instead of keeping it in cash.

Turn your home equity into cash with a HELOC brokered by SoFi.

Access up to 95% or $500k of your home’s equity to finance almost anything.


What to Consider Before Getting a HELOC

There are several factors to consider before you decide on a HELOC instead of some other type of financing, such as a cash-out refinance or unsecured personal line of credit.

•   Your home is used as collateral: In other words, if you default on your HELOC payments, you could lose your house.

•   You must maintain 10% to 20% equity in your home: You can’t tap into your entire equity amount; lenders require you to keep some, which means you may not be able to borrow as much as you originally thought.

•   Rates are usually variable: Your interest won’t stay the same and could increase if rates rise. That could mean a bigger balance and bigger payments down the road.

•   HELOCs have two stages: The first is the draw period, in which you only have to make interest payments. After the draw period, you’ll make payments on both principal and interest.

Pros and Cons of Taking Equity Out of Your Home

It’s certainly possible to build wealth using a HELOC, but there are advantages and disadvantages to think about.

Pros:

•   Low interest rate compared to other financing

•   Interest accrues only on the balance, not available credit

•   Borrow again when you replenish the credit line

•   No restrictions on how you use the money you borrow

Cons:

•   Home is used as collateral, putting it at risk

•   Payment amount increases after draw period is over

•   May come with closing costs and maintenance fees

The Takeaway

Tapping into your home equity using a HELOC is one way to potentially build wealth, especially because rates tend to be low when compared to other forms of borrowing. It’s always worth weighing the pros and cons, since defaulting on payments could result in losing your house. But if you have the financial confidence to move forward, there are several ways that your home equity could help you build wealth.

SoFi now offers flexible HELOCs. Our HELOC options allow you to access up to 95% of your home’s value, or $500,000, at competitively low rates. And the application process is quick and convenient.

Unlock your home’s value with a home equity line of credit brokered by SoFi.

FAQ

Is it smart to use a HELOC for investment property?

Using a HELOC for an investment property could help you fund the transaction sooner than if you used other types of financing. You may be able to make a bigger down payment or even make an all-cash offer. Just be sure that you feel confident in your real estate market research and your ability to make payments even if a worst-case scenario occurs.

What should you not use a HELOC for?

A HELOC should not be used for depreciating assets, especially when your goal is to build wealth. Things like vacations and car purchases aren’t usually recommended since they don’t hold their financial value.

What are the pitfalls of a HELOC?

The biggest pitfall is that your home is used as collateral to secure a HELOC and can go into foreclosure if you miss payments. On top of that, variable interest rates result in the potential for larger-than-expected payments if rates increase over time.


Photo credit: iStock/nortonrsx

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SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.


SoFi Mortgages
Terms, conditions, and state restrictions apply. Not all products are available in all states. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information.


*SoFi requires Private Mortgage Insurance (PMI) for conforming home loans with a loan-to-value (LTV) ratio greater than 80%. As little as 3% down payments are for qualifying first-time homebuyers only. 5% minimum applies to other borrowers. Other loan types may require different fees or insurance (e.g., VA funding fee, FHA Mortgage Insurance Premiums, etc.). Loan requirements may vary depending on your down payment amount, and minimum down payment varies by loan type.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Tax Information: This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or tax advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or tax advice.

²SoFi Bank, N.A. NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC), offers loans directly or we may assist you in obtaining a loan from SpringEQ, a state licensed lender, NMLS #1464945.
All loan terms, fees, and rates may vary based upon your individual financial and personal circumstances and state.
You should consider and discuss with your loan officer whether a Cash Out Refinance, Home Equity Loan or a Home Equity Line of Credit is appropriate. Please note that the SoFi member discount does not apply to Home Equity Loans or Lines of Credit not originated by SoFi Bank. Terms and conditions will apply. Before you apply, please note that not all products are offered in all states, and all loans are subject to eligibility restrictions and limitations, including requirements related to loan applicant’s credit, income, property, and a minimum loan amount. Lowest rates are reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. Products, rates, benefits, terms, and conditions are subject to change without notice. Learn more at SoFi.com/eligibility-criteria. Information current as of 06/27/24.
In the event SoFi serves as broker to Spring EQ for your loan, SoFi will be paid a fee.

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How HELOCs Affect Your Taxes

When you take out a mortgage, you can deduct the amount of money you pay on mortgage interest from your taxable income. But is home equity line of credit (HELOC) interest tax deductible, too? Put simply, it depends on when you took out the HELOC and how much mortgage debt you have.

Here’s what you need to know about HELOC tax deductions, including the requirements and limitations on HELOC tax-deductible expenses, plus how to calculate your deduction.

What Is a HELOC?

Whether to cover renovation costs or consolidate debt, homeowners can borrow against the value of their home to secure the necessary funding. There are two main types of home equity loans: a conventional home equity loan and a home equity line of credit, also known as a HELOC. A HELOC functions as a revolving line of credit that uses home equity — the home’s value minus the amount you still owe on the primary mortgage — as collateral.

How much you can borrow typically ranges from 75% to 85% of your home equity. Generally, lenders require a minimum of 15% to 20% equity in your home to be eligible for a HELOC.

When comparing a HELOC vs a home equity loan, a key difference is that a HELOC allows you to draw funds as you need them, up to a maximum limit, over a draw period (often 10 years). By contrast, home equity loans disburse funds all at once.

With HELOC loans, you pay interest only on the amount you withdraw. Once the draw period ends, any remaining borrowed funds and interest are repaid over a repayment period, which can vary but typically spans 10 years.

Dive deeper: What Is a Home Equity Line of Credit?

How Does a HELOC Affect Your Taxes?

The interest paid on a HELOC could qualify as a tax deduction to lower your taxable income. If you own a home and are planning to claim a HELOC tax deduction, there are some requirements and limitations to keep in mind.

Turn your home equity into cash with a HELOC brokered by SoFi.

Access up to 95% or $500k of your home’s equity to finance almost anything.


Requirements for the HELOC Interest Tax Deduction

To answer “is interest on a HELOC tax deductible,” it’s essential to check that you meet certain requirements set by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS).

Since the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, there are stricter requirements for how funds are spent to be eligible for a HELOC tax deduction. Specifically, funds from a HELOC must be used to buy, build, or improve a qualifying home — either a primary or second home. Eligible expenses can range from rewiring a house to replacing a roof or remodeling a kitchen. Note that funds must be spent on the same property used to secure the HELOC.

It’s also required that you have positive equity in the home used to secure the HELOC. If you have an underwater mortgage, meaning you owe more on the home than its value, you are not eligible for a HELOC tax deduction.

These requirements are in place for tax years 2018 through 2025. Prior to the rule change, a HELOC tax deduction could be made for interest paid on debt used for any type of personal expenses, not just home improvements.

Recommended: Cash Refinance vs. Home Equity

HELOC Tax Deduction Purchase Limits

HELOC tax deductions are not unlimited. So, up to what amount are HELOC loans tax deductible?

The IRS allows you to deduct interest on a maximum of $750,000 in residential loan debt (or $375,000 if married filing separately), including the primary mortgage and a HELOC. For instance, if you had $700,000 left on a home mortgage loan and $150,000 in HELOC debt, you could only deduct interest on the first $750,000 of debt.

If your primary mortgage or HELOC was approved before the 2018 tax year, you may be eligible to claim interest up to the previous limit of $1 million (or $500,000 if married filing separately). Borrowers who took out a HELOC in 2017 or earlier should note that the rule change did away with the $100,000 limit (or $50,000 if married filing separately) on home equity debt for tax deductions.

Tax Deduction Limits on Primary Mortgages

The tax deduction limits on primary mortgages are based on when the mortgage loan was taken out.
If you took out a mortgage before October 13th, 1987, there is no cap on mortgage interest tax deductions. Homebuyers who got a mortgage between October 13, 1987 and December 16, 2017, can deduct interest on up to $1 million in total mortgage debt for married couples filing jointly and single filers. The limit is $500,000 for married couples filing separately.

If you took your mortgage out after December 16, 2017, you can deduct up to $750,000 (or $375,000 if married filing separately).

These limits applied to all combined mortgage debt, including first homes, second homes, and HELOC loans.

Is Home Equity Loan Interest Tax Deductible?

The tax deduction rules for home equity loan interest is the same as a home equity line of credit. As long as you’re using funds to buy, build, or improve a home, you can claim a tax deduction on mortgage debt up to $750,000.

Recommended: What Is a Home Equity Loan?

How to Calculate a HELOC Interest Tax Deduction

Prior to filing taxes, you should receive IRS Form 1098 from your HELOC and mortgage lenders. This form indicates the interest you paid on your HELOC, primary mortgage, or home equity loan in the previous year.

If you used any HELOC funding for ineligible uses, such as personal expenses or debt consolidation, you’ll need to subtract that portion to get the deductible interest.

Besides the interest you paid on your primary mortgage and HELOC loan, total up other deductions like property taxes, mortgage points, and student loan interest. Since you can only deduct mortgage and HELOC interest payments with an itemized deduction, it’s important to check that the total of your deductions exceeds the standard deduction amount.

Here are the standard deduction amounts for tax year 2024:

•   Single or Married Filing Separately: $14,600.

•   Married Filing Jointly or Qualifying Surviving Spouse: $29,200.

•   Head of Household: $21,900.

If the mortgage and HELOC interest, plus other tax deductions you’re eligible for, exceed the above amounts, then it’s worth considering itemizing.

Recommended: Personal Line of Credit vs. HELOC

How to Deduct Home Equity Loan Interest

To deduct home equity loan interest, you’ll need to gather any receipts or invoices documenting how the money was spent. Be sure to keep records of transactions for eligible home renovations and improvements to verify your deductions in case you are audited by the IRS.

Once you’ve compiled all the necessary documentation, you’ll itemize your deductions using Schedule A of IRS Form 1040.

Does a HELOC Affect Property Taxes?

While the amount you take out through a HELOC won’t affect your property taxes, the improvements you make to your home could potentially increase the value of your home. If your renovation is substantial and involves a permit, it could be more likely to change the appraised value and potentially increase your property taxes.

The Takeaway

You can deduct the interest paid on your HELOC if the funds are used to buy, build, or improve your home. HELOC tax deductions must be itemized, and they are only allowable for the first $750,000 in mortgage debt on qualifying primary and secondary residences.

SoFi now offers flexible HELOCs. Our HELOC options allow you to access up to 95% of your home’s value, or $500,000, at competitively low rates. And the application process is quick and convenient.

Unlock your home’s value with a home equity line of credit brokered by SoFi.

FAQ

Do you report a HELOC on your taxes?

You report your HELOC interest on your taxes if you’re claiming an itemized deduction and you used your HELOC to build or improve your home.

Will a HELOC appraisal raise my taxes?

No, a HELOC appraisal will not raise your taxes. Property taxes are based on the appraised value of your home by your local government.

Does HELOC affect capital gains tax?

No, a HELOC does not affect capital gains tax on a home sale.


Photo credit: iStock/damircudic

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.


SoFi Mortgages
Terms, conditions, and state restrictions apply. Not all products are available in all states. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information.


*SoFi requires Private Mortgage Insurance (PMI) for conforming home loans with a loan-to-value (LTV) ratio greater than 80%. As little as 3% down payments are for qualifying first-time homebuyers only. 5% minimum applies to other borrowers. Other loan types may require different fees or insurance (e.g., VA funding fee, FHA Mortgage Insurance Premiums, etc.). Loan requirements may vary depending on your down payment amount, and minimum down payment varies by loan type.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Tax Information: This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or tax advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or tax advice.

²SoFi Bank, N.A. NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC), offers loans directly or we may assist you in obtaining a loan from SpringEQ, a state licensed lender, NMLS #1464945.
All loan terms, fees, and rates may vary based upon your individual financial and personal circumstances and state.
You should consider and discuss with your loan officer whether a Cash Out Refinance, Home Equity Loan or a Home Equity Line of Credit is appropriate. Please note that the SoFi member discount does not apply to Home Equity Loans or Lines of Credit not originated by SoFi Bank. Terms and conditions will apply. Before you apply, please note that not all products are offered in all states, and all loans are subject to eligibility restrictions and limitations, including requirements related to loan applicant’s credit, income, property, and a minimum loan amount. Lowest rates are reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. Products, rates, benefits, terms, and conditions are subject to change without notice. Learn more at SoFi.com/eligibility-criteria. Information current as of 06/27/24.
In the event SoFi serves as broker to Spring EQ for your loan, SoFi will be paid a fee.

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What Is Margin Level and How Do You Calculate It?

What Is Margin Level and How Do You Calculate It?

Margin level is a risk-management indicator that helps you understand what influence the currently opened positions have on your account.

The margin level in your options trading account is a formula that tells you how much of your funds are available to open new trades. The higher your margin level percentage, the more funds are available to trade. If the margin level drops too low, you could receive a margin call.

What Is Margin Level?

Your margin level percentage is a measure of the relationship between the equity in your trading or brokerage account and how much margin is in use. The margin level calculation is expressed as a percentage: (equity / margin) x 100.

It’s helpful to think of margin level as a reading of your trading account’s health. A margin level percentage of 0% means you have no open positions. A margin level of 100% means that the amount of a portfolio’s equity and used margin are equal. Equity is the cash available to trade, plus any unrealized profits and losses on open positions. Many brokers will not allow investors to make new opening trades when the margin level on their options trading account is 100% or less.

When margin level falls below 100%, the broker might issue a margin call. Unless the market moves back in your favor, you must deposit more funds (or assets) into your account when you are hit with a margin call. You can also satisfy a margin call by exiting your current holdings.

The margin level percentage depends on various factors. The volume of your positions and their potential effect on the market can affect your margin level calculation; as can the amount of leverage you use.

Increase your buying power with a margin loan from SoFi.

Borrow against your current investments at just 12%* and start margin trading.

*For full margin details, see terms.


💡 Quick Tip: One of the advantages of using a margin account, if you qualify, is that a margin loan gives you the ability to buy more securities. Be sure to understand the terms of the margin account, though, as buying on margin includes the risk of bigger losses.

What Does Margin Level Really Do?

To understand what margin level means, it’s important first to grasp the concept of margin in options trading.

Margin is the amount of cash or securities a trader must deposit in their account before being able to write (or sell) options. You can think of it as a good faith deposit or a form of collateral. The Federal Reserve Board’s Reg T sets margin requirements.

Margin works differently in options and futures accounts than in stock trading accounts. Margin debt in stock trading refers to the amount of borrowed funds used to buy new shares. This is also referred to as using leverage.

The margin level calculation tells you how much of your funds are available to use for new opening trades. The higher your margin level, the more “free margin” you have. Free margin is the amount of money available to place new trades. Margin is composed of “used” and “free” amounts. Used margin is the aggregate of all the required margin on your existing positions. Free margin, on the other hand, is the difference between equity and used margin.

Margin level also can inform you of how much wiggle room you have in your options trading account, or other types of accounts. A very high margin level percentage means you have a large amount of equity relative to the total amount of required margin. A low margin level calculation tells you that your account might not be far from getting a margin call.

Calculating Margin Level

Calculating margin level is straightforward: Divide the equity by the amount of used margin; then multiple that quotient by 100:

Margin level = (equity / margin) x 100

If you don’t have any open positions, then your margin level calculation will be zero. This can be confusing because usually, a low margin level means your account might be at risk for a margin call. A 0% margin level is the safest and lowest-risk margin level you can have, because in that scenario, you’d have no open positions.

Margin Level Example

Suppose you deposit $10,000 into your account. Before you make any trades, your margin level is 0%, as you don’t have any used margin (the divisor in the earlier-mentioned equation is zero). Your first buy is a call option on shares of XYZ stock, and you pay a $5,000 premium. Your margin level calculation is now 200% ($10,000 / $5,000 = 200%).

Now let’s say you open another $5,000 options position. Your margin level declines to 100% ($10,000 / $10,000 = 100%). We will assume that is the broker’s minimum margin level before a margin call is issued. Later, we’ll detail what happens if your margin level falls below the critical 100% threshold.

💡 Quick Tip: How to manage potential risk factors in a self-directed investment account? Doing your research and employing strategies like dollar-cost averaging and diversification may help mitigate financial risk when trading stocks.

Why Understanding Margin Level Is Important

The margin level percentage is important, as brokers use this figure to determine whether you can open new positions. Many brokerage firms set a minimum margin percentage at 100%. So if your margin percentage drops below that threshold, then you will encounter a margin call — or even a forced liquidation — on one or more of your open trades. If you want to take on new positions, then you’d be forced to sell an existing holding or add more funds to your account.

Margin Level Below 100%

Taking our earlier example a step further, If the market moves against you, and your option values fall to $9,000 on the market, your margin level calculation would decline to below the minimum margin level ($9,000 / $10,000 = 90%). The broker then could issue a margin call.

You have two choices: either sell an existing position or deposit more assets into the account. If you do not act promptly, the broker can sell one of your positions automatically.

Your margin level could fall below 100% based on small moves in the assets you own. Broad market conditions, like volatility, also could affect your account negatively. In an extreme example, Silver Thursday rocked the silver trading market and caused long futures and options positions on silver to suffer severe losses. In turn, this triggered an onslaught of margin calls in the precious metals markets. The moral of the story: It’s important to manage risks carefully when using leverage.

If you’re interested in trading on margin, or just want to know more about it, you’ll need to understand the difference between marginable and non-marginable securities.

The Takeaway

As discussed, the margin level in your options trading account is a formula that tells you how much of your funds are available to open new trades. Trading on margin is an advanced strategy that comes with greater risk than trading other securities, like stocks or ETFs, for example. But while the risks are greater, so are the potential rewards (and losses).

For experienced traders, using margin can enhance buying power. But using margin and leverage introduces additional risk into the mix, which investors should be aware of.

If you’re an experienced trader and have the risk tolerance to try out trading on margin, consider enabling a SoFi margin account. With a SoFi margin account, experienced investors can take advantage of more investment opportunities, and potentially increase returns. That said, margin trading is a high-risk endeavor, and using margin loans can amplify losses as well as gains.

For a limited time, opening and funding an Active Invest account gives you the opportunity to get up to $1,000 in the stock of your choice.


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INVESTMENTS ARE NOT FDIC INSURED • ARE NOT BANK GUARANTEED • MAY LOSE VALUE

SoFi Invest encompasses two distinct companies, with various products and services offered to investors as described below: Individual customer accounts may be subject to the terms applicable to one or more of these platforms.
1) Automated Investing and advisory services are provided by SoFi Wealth LLC, an SEC-registered investment adviser (“SoFi Wealth“). Brokerage services are provided to SoFi Wealth LLC by SoFi Securities LLC.
2) Active Investing and brokerage services are provided by SoFi Securities LLC, Member FINRA (www.finra.org)/SIPC(www.sipc.org). Clearing and custody of all securities are provided by APEX Clearing Corporation.
For additional disclosures related to the SoFi Invest platforms described above please visit SoFi.com/legal.
Neither the Investment Advisor Representatives of SoFi Wealth, nor the Registered Representatives of SoFi Securities are compensated for the sale of any product or service sold through any SoFi Invest platform.

*Borrow at 12%. Utilizing a margin loan is generally considered more appropriate for experienced investors as there are additional costs and risks associated. It is possible to lose more than your initial investment when using margin. Please see SoFi.com/wealth/assets/documents/brokerage-margin-disclosure-statement.pdf for detailed disclosure information.
Options involve risks, including substantial risk of loss and the possibility an investor may lose the entire amount invested in a short period of time. Before an investor begins trading options they should familiarize themselves with the Characteristics and Risks of Standardized Options . Tax considerations with options transactions are unique, investors should consult with their tax advisor to understand the impact to their taxes.
Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Claw Promotion: Customer must fund their Active Invest account with at least $25 within 30 days of opening the account. Probability of customer receiving $1,000 is 0.028%. See full terms and conditions.

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What Is Flight to Quality?

What Is Flight to Quality?

Flight to quality, also known as flight to safety, is when investors shift their assets away from riskier investments — like stocks — into conservative securities – like bonds. This reaction often occurs during turbulent times in the economy or financial markets, and investors want to put their money into relatively safe assets.

Because flight to quality is a term that’s often thrown around in the financial media, investors need to know what it is and how it can potentially impact an investment portfolio. A flight to quality is a short-term trading strategy that might not be ideal for long-term investors. But it’s still important for investors to know how the broader trend may affect the financial markets.

What Causes Flight to Quality?

Economic uncertainty is why investors look to reorient their portfolios away from volatile investments to conservative ones. Moments of economic uncertainty that spook investors can arise for various reasons, including geopolitical conflict, a sudden collapse of a financial institution, or signs of an imminent recession.

A flight to quality usually refers to a widespread phenomenon where investors shift their portfolio asset allocation. This large-scale change in risk sentiment can generally be seen in declines in stock market indices and government bond yields, as investors sell risky stocks to put money into more stable bonds.

Though a flight to quality usually refers to a herd-like behavior of most investors during economic uncertainty, individual investors can make a similar move at any time, depending on their risk tolerance and specific financial situation.

Get up to $1,000 in stock when you fund a new Active Invest account.*

Access stock trading, options, auto investing, IRAs, and more. Get started in just a few minutes.


*Customer must fund their Active Invest account with at least $25 within 30 days of opening the account. Probability of customer receiving $1,000 is 0.028%. See full terms and conditions.

💡 Quick Tip: How to manage potential risk factors in a self-directed investment account? Doing your research and employing strategies like dollar-cost averaging and diversification may help mitigate financial risk when trading stocks.

What Are the Effects of Flight to Quality?

During periods of flight to quality, investors tend to trade higher-risk investments for lower-risk ones. This shift commonly results in a decrease in the price of high-risk assets and boosts the price of lower-risk securities.

As mentioned above, investors can see one effect of a flight to quality in the price of major stock market indices and bond yields, as the market shifts money from the risky stocks to safer bonds.

But a flight to quality doesn’t mean that investors will necessarily shift out of one asset (stocks) into another (bonds). For example, investors worried about the economy might sell growth stocks in favor of more reliable value or blue-chip stocks, pushing the price of the growth stocks down and boosting the price of the blue chips.

💡 Recommended: Value vs. Growth Stocks

A flight to quality may also shift investment from emerging market stocks to domestic stocks or from corporate bonds to government bonds.

In addition to moving funds from stocks to bonds or other assets, investors may also move money into cash and cash-equivalent investments, like money market funds, certificates of deposit, and Treasury bills, during periods of economic uncertainty.

Real-World Example of Flight to Quality

A flight to quality occurred during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic and related economic shutdowns in 2020. Investors scrambled to figure out their portfolio positions in the face of an unprecedented global event, selling stocks and putting money into relatively safe assets.

The S&P 500 Index fell nearly 34% from a high on Feb. 19, 2020, to a low on Mar. 23, 2020, as investors sold off equities. But investors didn’t rush to put this money into high-grade corporate and government bonds, as many would have thought in a regular flight to quality. A record $109 billion flowed out of fixed-income mutual funds and exchange-traded funds (ETFs) during a single week in March 2020. Instead, investors moved capital into cash and cash-like assets during this volatile period in a desire for liquidity.

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The Takeaway

A widespread flight to quality that creates volatility in the financial markets can be scary for many investors. When you see decreases in a portfolio or 401(k), it can be tempting to follow the broader market trends and shift your asset allocation to safer investments. However, this is not always the best choice, especially for investors trying to build long-term wealth.

Flights to quality have happened in the past (such as during the early stages of the pandemic in 2020), and will, in all likelihood, happen again. But even if you don’t get caught up in it, it’s good to know what’s happening in the markets, and why.

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For a limited time, opening and funding an Active Invest account gives you the opportunity to get up to $1,000 in the stock of your choice.


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2) Active Investing and brokerage services are provided by SoFi Securities LLC, Member FINRA (www.finra.org)/SIPC(www.sipc.org). Clearing and custody of all securities are provided by APEX Clearing Corporation.
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Neither the Investment Advisor Representatives of SoFi Wealth, nor the Registered Representatives of SoFi Securities are compensated for the sale of any product or service sold through any SoFi Invest platform.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.


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What Is a Minimum Opening Deposit?

Guide to Minimum Deposits

When you open a new checking or savings account, some financial institutions require you to make a minimum opening deposit, which might be anywhere from $25 to $100. In some cases, you may also need to meet certain ongoing minimum balance requirements to avoid fees or qualify for a certain annual percentage yield (APY).

Fortunately, there are banks, credit unions, and other financial institutions that don’t require a minimum deposit so you can stash and spend your money even if you’re low on cash. Here are key things to know about minimum deposit and balance requirements for bank accounts.

What Is a Minimum Deposit?

A minimum deposit is the lowest amount of money you need to open a new bank account with a bank or credit union. It can also refer to the minimum balance you must maintain in order to receive certain perks or avoid fees.

Minimum deposits vary depending on the type of account and the financial institution. Some banks do not request a minimum deposit to open a basic checking or savings account, while others require between $25 and $100. Generally, higher minimum deposits are associated with premium services and higher APYs.

If you’re in the market for a bank account, it’s a good idea to check with the bank or credit union to determine whether an initial deposit is required, your options for depositing the funds, and if there are any ongoing balance requirements.

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Types of Minimum Balance Requirements

When researching checking and savings accounts, keep in mind that there are typically two types of minimum balance requirements. Let’s clarify those terms, since they can sometimes be used interchangeably and cause confusion.

Minimum Opening Deposits

A minimum opening deposit is the amount of money required to activate a new account, such as a checking, savings, or money market account, or a certificate of deposit (CD). Generally, a money market account or CD will come with a higher opening deposit than a basic savings or checking account.

You can usually make a minimum opening deposit by transferring money from an account at another bank or from an account you already have at that same bank. You can also usually make an opening deposit using a check, money order, or debit card. Keep in mind you are not limited to making the minimum opening deposit — you can typically open a bank account with more than the required minimum.

There are some financial institutions that offer accounts with no minimum opening deposits. However, it’s important to read the fine print. In some cases, these accounts may require you to make a deposit within a certain timeframe (such as 60 days) in order to keep the account open.

Minimum Monthly Balance

A minimum monthly balance is the amount of money that must be maintained in the account each month to enjoy certain benefits or avoid fees. These minimums can range anywhere from $100 to $2,500, depending on the institution and type of account. If you opt for an account with a balance minimum, you may be able to set up alerts on your bank’s app to let you know when your funds are slipping below a certain threshold.

Minimum balance requirements can vary in their specifics, but typically fall into one of these three categories.

•   Minimum daily balance: This requirement means you need to maintain a minimum amount of money in your account each day to avoid fees or qualify for certain benefits, like earning interest.

•   Average minimum balance: Banks calculate this by adding up the balances in your account at the end of each day over a statement period, then dividing that total by the number of days in the period.

•   Minimum combined balance: This involves averaging the total amount of money you have across multiple accounts, such as a checking and a savings account, each month. This combined average must meet the minimum balance requirement to avoid fees or earn benefits.

How Do Minimum Deposits Work?

Minimum deposits work by setting a threshold that must be met to open or maintain a bank account. The minimum opening deposit is required to open a new account, while the minimum monthly balance must be maintained each month (or day) to avoid fees or earn a higher interest rate. It’s important to note that the minimum opening deposit is a one-time requirement, while the minimum monthly balance must be maintained on an ongoing basis.

In addition, some accounts may require a minimum monthly deposit (such as direct deposit of your paycheck) to qualify for certain account benefits, such as earning a higher APY or avoiding a monthly fee.

Real World Example of a Minimum Deposit

Let’s say you decide to open a savings account at XYZ bank. The bank has a $50 minimum deposit to open the account and to start earning interest, so you transfer $50 into the account from an account you have at another bank.

XYZ bank also requires you to maintain a monthly minimum balance of $250 to avoid a $3 service fee. You’re not a fan of fees, so you keep tabs on your account and make sure you always have at least $250 in the account. To help, you set up an automatic alert on your banking app to let you know when the account dips below $250 so you can top up the account and avoid fees.

What Happens If You Don’t Maintain a Minimum?

If you fail to maintain the minimum monthly balance required by your bank, you may be charged a fee, lose any interest you were set to earn that month, or forgo other perks. The specific consequences vary depending on the financial institution and the type of account.

The Takeaway

Minimum deposits are an important aspect of managing a bank account. When you open a new checking or savings account, you may need to make a certain initial deposit to activate the account. You may also be required to keep the balance in the account above a certain threshold in order to avoid a monthly service fee or earn a certain interest rate.

It’s important to be aware of the minimum deposit requirements for your bank account. This helps ensure that you get all the perks of your bank account, while avoiding any unexpected costs.

Interested in opening an online bank account? When you sign up for a SoFi Checking and Savings account with direct deposit, you’ll get a competitive annual percentage yield (APY), pay zero account fees, and enjoy an array of rewards, such as access to the Allpoint Network of 55,000+ fee-free ATMs globally. Qualifying accounts can even access their paycheck up to two days early.

Better banking is here with SoFi, NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Checking Account Overall.* Enjoy up to 4.30% APY on SoFi Checking and Savings.

FAQ

What is a minimum opening balance and how much is it?

A minimum opening balance is the initial deposit required to open a bank account. This amount varies depending on the bank and the type of account. For example, some banks may require as little as $25 to open a basic savings account, while others may require several hundred dollars for a checking account that earns interest.

What is a minimum monthly deposit and how much is it?

A minimum monthly deposit is the amount of money you must deposit into your bank account each month to avoid fees or earn certain perks, like a higher interest rate. This requirement varies by bank and account type. Some banks may not have a minimum monthly deposit requirement, while others may require a certain amount, such as $500 or $1,000, to be deposited each month to avoid fees.

What bank has no minimum balance?

Several banks and credit unions offer accounts with no minimum balance requirement. These banks include Ally, NBKC, SoFi, Discover, Connexus Credit Union, Ally, Capital One, and Chime.

Why do banks require an initial deposit?

Banks require an initial deposit to open an account for several reasons. First, it helps ensure that the account is legitimate and that the customer is serious about opening and maintaining the account. Second, it helps cover the costs associated with opening the account, such as processing paperwork and issuing a debit card. Finally, it helps the bank establish a relationship with the customer, which can lead to additional business in the future.


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SoFi members with direct deposit activity can earn 4.30% annual percentage yield (APY) on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Direct Deposit means a recurring deposit of regular income to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government benefit payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Deposits that are not from an employer or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, or are non-recurring in nature (e.g., IRS tax refunds), do not constitute Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate. SoFi members with direct deposit are eligible for other SoFi Plus benefits.

As an alternative to direct deposit, SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits can earn 4.30% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Qualifying Deposits means one or more deposits that, in the aggregate, are equal to or greater than $5,000 to an account holder’s SoFi Checking and Savings account (“Qualifying Deposits”) during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Qualifying Deposits only include those deposits from the following eligible sources: (i) ACH transfers, (ii) inbound wire transfers, (iii) peer-to-peer transfers (i.e., external transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc. and internal peer-to-peer transfers from a SoFi account belonging to another account holder), (iv) check deposits, (v) instant funding to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, (vi) push payments to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, and (vii) cash deposits. Qualifying Deposits do not include: (i) transfers between an account holder’s Checking account, Savings account, and/or Vaults; (ii) interest payments; (iii) bonuses issued by SoFi Bank or its affiliates; or (iv) credits, reversals, and refunds from SoFi Bank, N.A. (“SoFi Bank”) or from a merchant. SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits are not eligible for other SoFi Plus benefits.

SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder’s Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits throughout each 30-Day Evaluation Period to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility. The 30-Day Evaluation Period refers to the “Start Date” and “End Date” set forth on the APY Details page of your account, which comprises a period of 30 calendar days (the “30-Day Evaluation Period”). You can access the APY Details page at any time by logging into your SoFi account on the SoFi mobile app or SoFi website and selecting either (i) Banking > Savings > Current APY or (ii) Banking > Checking > Current APY. Upon receiving a Direct Deposit or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits to your account, you will begin earning 4.30% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% on checking balances on or before the following calendar day. You will continue to earn these APYs for (i) the remainder of the current 30-Day Evaluation Period and through the end of the subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period and (ii) any following 30-day Evaluation Periods during which SoFi Bank determines you to have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits without interruption.

SoFi Bank reserves the right to grant a grace period to account holders following a change in Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits activity before adjusting rates. If SoFi Bank grants you a grace period, the dates for such grace period will be reflected on the APY Details page of your account. If SoFi Bank determines that you did not have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits during the current 30-day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, then you will begin earning the rates earned by account holders without either Direct Deposit or Qualifying Deposits until you have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits in a subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period. For the avoidance of doubt, an account holder with both Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits will earn the rates earned by account holders with Direct Deposit.

Members without either Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits, as determined by SoFi Bank, during a 30-Day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, will earn 1.20% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances.

Interest rates are variable and subject to change at any time. These rates are current as of 10/8/2024. There is no minimum balance requirement. Additional information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.

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The SoFi Bank Debit Mastercard® is issued by SoFi Bank, N.A., pursuant to license by Mastercard International Incorporated and can be used everywhere Mastercard is accepted. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated.


Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

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