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The average net worth of Americans is about $1.06 million, according to the Federal Reserve’s most recent Survey of Consumer Finances released in October 2023. Meanwhile, the median net worth of American households is $192,900, according to the same Federal Reserve Survey.

Net worth measures the difference between assets (what you own) and liabilities (what you owe). Understanding the average American net worth by age can be useful for comparing your own progress in building wealth.

Recommended: Does Net Worth Include Home Equity?

What the Average American Net Worth 2023 Includes

The Federal Reserve collects data on net worth in the U.S. using the Survey of Consumer Finances. This survey is conducted every three years; the most recent undertaking began in March 2022. Findings are typically published in the year following the year the survey was completed.

To understand wealth and economic well-being in the U.S., the Federal Reserve looks at several specific factors:

•   Income

•   Homeownership status and home value

•   Debt (including mortgage debt, credit card debt, vehicle loan debt, and student debt)

•   Assets (including investment accounts, deposit accounts held at banks, vehicles, and business equity)

The Federal Reserve uses net worth as a gauge to measure increases or decreases in overall wealth levels. The survey also takes into account demographic factors, such as age, race, ethnicity, and level of education.

If you’re interested in calculating your net worth, you’d use similar metrics. For example, you could use an online net worth calculator to enter in your total debts and assets to determine your net worth. When calculating net worth home equity may or may not be included, depending on your preferences. It’s possible to get a positive or negative number, depending on how your liabilities compare to your assets.

You can also use a budget planner app to track net worth as well as your spending, credit scores, and savings. This type of money management tool can deliver a snapshot of your finances to your mobile device.

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How the Average American Net Worth Varies By Age

Using the Survey of Consumer Finances as a guide, net worth rises over the average American’s lifetime before gradually beginning to decline. Average net worth is lowest for Americans under age 35; between the ages of 35 and 44, the average net worth makes a sizable leap.

There’s another significant bump that happens between the ages of 45 and 54, then the pace at which net worth increases begin to slow. Once Americans turn 75, their average net worth begins to decline.

This pattern makes sense, however, if you consider what the typical person’s working career and retirement might look like. Someone in their 20s likely isn’t making much money yet. They probably don’t own a home and a lot of what they do make might go to repaying student loans, car loans, or credit cards.

In their 30s and 40s, they may move into higher-paying jobs. Their debts may be mostly paid down or paid off so they can afford to buy a home. By the time they reach their mid-40s, they may be in their peak earning years and their home might have appreciated in value since they purchased it.

Net worth growth begins to gradually slow down once they’re in their 50s and 60s. That could be chalked up to moving some of their portfolio into safer investments or beginning to draw down their savings if they’re retired. Once they reach their 70s, they may be spending more of their assets on health care, including long-term care. Or they might have downsized into a home with a lower value.

How the Average American Net Worth Varies Over Time

The Survey of Consumer Finances provides a snapshot of how the average American net worth has changed over time. From 1998 to 2007, for instance, there’s a steady increase in net worth among American households. But between 2007 and 2013, the average American net worth declined. This makes sense, given that the 2008 financial crisis had an impact on millions of American households. Between 2013 and 2019, net worth rebounded sharply, and it continued to rise between 2019 and 2022.

This begs the question of how much net worth might change again if the economy were to experience another downturn. If home values were to drop or a bear market caused stock prices to dip, it stands to reason that Americans’ might see their net worth fall. There is a silver lining, as economies do recover over time and the impacts may be less for younger investors. But a drop in net worth might not be as welcome for someone who’s close to retirement.

How the Average American Net Worth Varies by State

The Survey of Consumer Finances does not track net worth data by state. But the Census Bureau does compile information on household wealth and debt at the state level.

In terms of what influences the average net worth by state, there are a number of factors that come into play. Some of the things that can influence net worth include:

•   Homeownership rates

•   Property values

•   Employment opportunities

•   Average incomes

•   Access to education and job training

According to the most recent data available from the Census Bureau, the median net worth across all states was $166,900 as of 2021. “Median” represents households in the middle of the pack, so to speak, for net worth calculations. Here’s what the median net worth looks like in each state.

^*Note: Where a (B) is entered, that means the base was less than 200,000 households or a sample size of less than 50 so the Census Bureau did not record net worth information for those states.

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The Takeaway

As discussed, net worth captures the difference between an individual’s assets and their debts. In the U.S. the average net worth varies by location and age. Tracking net worth is something you may want to do monthly if you’re paying off debt. You can use a money tracker app to figure out how long it will take you to become debt-free based on what you can afford to pay. As your income increases you may be able to pay down debt in larger amounts to increase your net worth faster.

Take control of your finances with SoFi. With our financial insights and credit score monitoring tools, you can view all of your accounts in one convenient dashboard. From there, you can see your various balances, spending breakdowns, and credit score. Plus you can easily set up budgets and discover valuable financial insights — all at no cost.

FAQ

What is the average net worth by age for California?

The median net worth for Californians is $200,300, according to the Census Bureau. This figure represents the middle ground between California residents of all ages from the highest net worth to the lowest.

What is the average net worth by age for New York?

The median net worth for New Yorkers of all ages is $123,900, according to the Census Bureau. This figure represents the middle ground between New York residents whose net worth is at the highest and lowest end of the spectrum.

What is the average net worth by age for Florida?

The median net worth for Florida residents of all ages is $95,770, according to the Census Bureau. This amount represents the middle ground between Floridians with the highest and lowest net worth.

Photo credit: iStock/Prostock-Studio

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A debit memorandum is a notice issued to customers from a bank or a business, informing them of an adjustment being made to their account balance. In all cases, a debit memo means that money will be taken out of an account to cover a fee or an underpayment.

Debit memos occur both in personal banking — like for a bounced check or insufficient funds fees — but are also common in business-to-business (B2B) transactions. They are often to correct an erroneous invoice or respond to changing market prices. Understanding how debit memos work can help you stay on top of your money.

What Is a Debit Memo?

A debit memo is a notice from a financial institution or a business to a customer that there is a forthcoming adjustment (a debit or withdrawal of funds) to their account. You may also hear it referred to as a debit memorandum or debit note.

A debit memo might show up on your bank statement for an atypical fee, like for ordering checks or for overdrafting. Normal checking account debits, like from a swiped debit card or a cashed check, are not classified as debit memos and will not appear on a bank statement as such.

In B2B transactions, a company may issue a debit memo after invoicing if there was something incorrect on the original invoice. Typically, this happens if the customer was undercharged.

💡 Quick Tip: Typically, checking accounts don’t earn interest. However, some accounts do, and online banks are more likely than brick-and-mortar banks to offer you the best rates.

How Does a Debit Memorandum Work?

In banking, if you have incurred a fee, such as an overdraft fee, the bank will add a debit memorandum to your monthly bank statement. If you use a digital banking app, you can often see this debit note in real time — no need to wait for a paper statement in the mail.

Just make sure you’ve turned on account alerts to track deposits, withdrawals, and other important account changes.

Banks cannot just assess fees at random. Federal law requires banks to disclose any fees they might charge for a bank account; before opening a bank account online or in person, ask to see a detailed fee structure. If you don’t think a debit memo on your bank statement is correct, contact customer service to address the issue.

In business, debit memos work a little differently. The company acting as the seller might issue a debit memo after sending an incorrect invoice. Doing so notifies the buying company that their accounts payable will increase to rectify the unpaid amount.

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Real-Life Examples of a Debit Memorandum

Here are two real-life examples of bank memos, one for regular consumer checking accounts and one for a B2B transaction.

Banking Scenario

If you write a check to a friend but don’t have enough money in your checking account to cover it, the check will bounce when your friend goes to deposit or cash it. Every time you bounce a check, your bank will likely charge you a fee. Rather than sending you an invoice, they will directly debit the amount from your bank account.

Even if you have no money in your account, you can go into a negative balance. This debit will show up on your bank statement as a debit memo.

Business Scenario

In this example, your company has done construction work for a local business. However, when sending the invoice to the business, you accidentally left off the labor cost and additional materials required for one portion of the project, equivalent to $5,000.

To resolve this problem, you can issue a debit memo to the local business. This signals that you will be recording an increase in your accounts receivable of $5,000. In turn, the local business will then need to increase the amount in its accounts payable by $5,000 to cover the additional fee. To avoid delays or disputes, the debit note should include adequate information to explain the adjustment in the final cost.

Recommended: How to Transfer Money From One Bank to Another

Types of Debit Memos?

Three situations commonly call for debit memos: bank transactions, incremental billing, and internal offset. Here, learn about all three types of debit memos to understand their key differences.

Bank Transactions

As an individual consumer, you will most likely encounter a debit memo as a bank transaction. If you incur a fee through your bank, like for printing checks or an overdraft, the bank will debit your account directly to cover that fee. This will show up on your bank statement as a transaction, labeled as a debit memo or debit note.

Incremental Billing

If you are involved in billing for B2B transactions, you may encounter debit memos. A seller might issue a debit memo to a buyer for several reasons:

•   If there were errors on the original invoice.

•   If the buyer paid upfront, but project costs were higher than expected.

•   If the cost of materials or labor increased during the course of the project.

•   If the scope of the work changed and resulted in higher costs.

Internal Offset

If a customer’s account has a credit balance of insubstantial value, a company can issue a debit memo to clear out the balance. If the balance is large enough to be considered material (i.e., a significant amount of money), the company would typically refund the customer rather than issue a debit memo.

Debit vs. Credit Memorandum: What’s the Difference?

Credit memos are essentially the opposite of debit memos. In banking, credit memos alert customers of an increase in their account balance. In business, a seller might issue a credit balance to alert the buyer that the original invoice was too high, thus reducing the amount the buyer owes.

Notification to Customers

When a bank issues a debit memo, it typically notifies the customer of the debit on the bank statement. Similarly, a credit memo will show up on a customer’s bank statement.

As a customer, you may receive paper or electronic statements. If you bank online, you can typically check your transactions at any time on the app or website. When you receive notification of a debit, you’ll want to take it into account when balancing your bank account.

Invoicing

As a seller issuing a debit memo, you are notifying the buyer that you are increasing the final invoice amount. A credit memo does the opposite: It notifies the buyer that you are reducing the final invoice amount.

Recording the Reduction

In the event of a debit memo, the seller will record an increase in the accounts receivable amount; the buyer must record the larger debit in their accounts payable ledger. For a credit memo, the seller records a decrease in the accounts receivable amount while the buyer records a smaller debit from accounts payable.

Debit: Remit Payment vs. Credit: Future Purchases

To clarify a bit more, debits are amounts owed that must be remitted to settle and account. Credits are money that an individual or business is owed, perhaps reflecting an overpayment, which may be applied to future purchases.

Here’s a summary:

Managing a Bank Account

When you open a checking account or savings account, it’s important to understand the fee structure so that you aren’t surprised by a debit memo on your monthly account statement. Ask for a fee structure upon opening a new account, and monitor your statements closely to understand what fees are being assessed.

As best as you can, check your checking account for low balances, and set up alerts for all transactions. It can also be wise to activate fraud alerts to help manage your banking security and protection.

The Takeaway

Debit memorandums alert banking customers that funds will be withdrawn from their account, often to cover fees incurred. This will lower an account balance, so it’s important to be aware of these changes and make sure your account doesn’t go into overdraft.

Looking for the right banking partner? See what SoFi offers.

Interested in opening an online bank account? When you sign up for a SoFi Checking and Savings account with direct deposit, you’ll get a competitive annual percentage yield (APY), pay zero account fees, and enjoy an array of rewards, such as access to the Allpoint Network of 55,000+ fee-free ATMs globally. Qualifying accounts can even access their paycheck up to two days early.

FAQ

Do you pay a debit memo?

A debit memo serves as a notification of a debit from your account. The bank will automatically debit your account. In a B2B scenario, a debit memo is a form or document that notifies the buyer that the seller has increased the accounts receivable amount.

Who issues a debit memo?

A bank or credit union may issue a debit memo to a personal or company account for specific fees, including bounced checks, insufficient funds, or printing checks. A business may issue a debit memo to another business to correct an invoice that results in underpayment. A business can also use a debit memorandum internally, to offset a credit balance in a customer account.

Is a debit memo the same as an invoice?

A debit memo is not the same as an invoice. Rather, businesses often issue debit memos as a correction to an initial invoice, typically when they have mistakenly undercharged a customer.

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Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.