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May

2024

What ‘Do Not Convert to ACH’ Means on a Check

By Sarah Li Cain | Financial Independence, money, Terminology | Comments Off

Checks seem a pretty mundane bit of banking, but when they say “Do not convert to ACH,” that means the payer doesn’t want the funds transferred electronically. Rather, they are requesting manual processing.

Here, learn more about the implications of these five little words on a check.

ACH System 101

First, understand what ACH is. It stands for Automated Clearing House, which is an electronic system that transfers funds throughout the United States. This network allows individuals and businesses to move money from one financial institution to another, quickly and securely.

Every time you set up automatic bill pay or receive your paycheck by direct deposit or write an eCheck, that’s ACH at work. Apps such as PayPal and Venmo also use the ACH network to send and receive money.

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How Does ACH Work?

ACH transfers are initiated by either making a withdrawal or deposit into an account. You can send money to another account on a one-time basis — such as through an ACH debit to a utilities company or transferring money to a friend for your share of a restaurant meal — or opt into recurring payments. For example, some companies allow you to make automatic payments, such as for subscription services. In either case, you give permission for the receiver to initiate a withdrawal from your account.

You can also get money via an ACH credit. This happens when people receive a direct deposit of their paycheck or Social Security.

Once you or someone else initiates a transfer, the request will be processed first by your financial institution, usually by the next business day. You may be able to expedite the request, as well as schedule a transfer for a future date.

Typically, ACH transfers are faster than other types of transactions, though a potential downside is that it’s only available for transfers within the U.S. (That’s one of the distinctions between an ACH vs. wire transfer, incidentally; the latter has global reach.)

What Is Check Conversion?

Check conversion refers to the process of transforming a check payment into an electronic payment. This usually happens at one of these three points:

• Point of Purchase (POP), meaning when a purchase is made, say, at a store

• Accounts Receivable Conversion (ARC), when a business receives a check by mail and then processes it electronically

• Back Office Conversion (BOC), or when a check is processed electronically after acceptance at, say, the office of a retail location

What Does Conversion to ACH Mean?

ACH conversion describes the fact that a paper check will be converted to a payment that’s processed through the ACH network. In other words, even though a paper check was written and used as payment, it will become an electronic ACH transfer.

Recommended: How to Cash a Check with No Fees

Why Might a Check Be Converted to ACH?

The main reason why a check may be converted is to save time and money when processing payments. Plus, converting a check payment to ACH could be more efficient, as it can help financial institutions detect potential bank fraud earlier, make fewer mistakes, and even result in fewer returned payments. The service of ACH transfers is typically free to consumers.

Can a Check Be Converted to ACH?

A check can be converted to ACH in many cases (unless it says “do not convert to ACH”) to help it move swiftly and securely; there’s no check to get lost or be forged, for instance.

How the conversion usually happens: When the check gets deposited in a checking account, the payment details are captured from the check. Then, the check itself will be stored securely by the financial institution — unless you have the physical check and are making a mobile deposit. If the check is converted in person, then the original check will be voided and given back to the payer.

If the check was converted for ACH, it will typically appear on a bank statement as a direct payment (or withdrawal) in the same section as ATM withdrawals or other forms of electronic payments. It could also appear as a check payment — some banks include a scanned image of the check or include the payment details.

Recommended: How Much are the Average ATM Fees?

What Does It Mean When a Check Says ‘Do Not Convert to ACH’?

When a check says “do not convert to ACH,” it means that the payer does not want to make a payment electronically. Instead, the payment needs to be processed manually from one financial institution to another through the check collection system.

More specifically, it means the financial institution will contact the other financial institution to request the funds, which are then delivered through a local clearinghouse exchange or other form organization like the Federal Reserve Bank.

It’s rare to receive a check that says this on it, but if you do, there’s not much to be done to alter the payer’s request.

What Is the Benefit to the Drawee if a Check Says ‘Do Not Convert to ACH’?

Checks that say “Do not convert to ACH” may sometimes be printed when a payer is issuing multiple checks; for example, if a class action suit is being paid out. In this case, perhaps the check issuer does not want the much faster electronic processing of their checks. Perhaps it suits them to have a slower payment process.

What Is the Difference Between ACH and a Check?

The difference between ACH and check payments is the network by which they’re processed. ACH payments are processed electronically through the ACH network, whereas non-converted paper checks are processed manually. In many cases, ACH transfers are processed faster than paper checks, since you may have to wait for a check to clear.

The Takeaway

When it comes to getting paid, converting a check to ACH is most likely the fastest, safest way. Unfortunately, there’s not much you can do if the check you receive says “Do not convert to ACH,” however rare they may be. You’ll probably need to deposit it and allow the extra time required for it to become available cash.

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FAQ

Can an ACH payment be declined?

Yes, an ACH payment may be declined or rejected for a few reasons, the most common one being that the payer doesn’t have enough funds in their account for the transfer. Other reasons include the account was closed by the time the transfer took place, the funds have been frozen, or the payer has stopped the payment request.

What does “ineligible for conversion” mean on a check?

If a check says “ineligible for conversion,” it means the check can’t be converted to an ACH payment. This may be due to the paper the check was printed on. The payee needs to either cash or deposit the actual check at a local branch.

Why would a bank reject a check?

There are several reasons a bank would reject a check, including:

• You don’t have an account at the bank where you want to cash the check

• You don’t have proper identification to show to the bank

• The amount may be too large for the financial institution to process

• The check is void (for example, the check is old and the payment is no longer valid)

• The signature on the check doesn’t match what the bank has on file

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SoFi members with direct deposit activity can earn 4.00% annual percentage yield (APY) on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Direct Deposit means a recurring deposit of regular income to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government benefit payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Deposits that are not from an employer or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, or are non-recurring in nature (e.g., IRS tax refunds), do not constitute Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate. SoFi members with direct deposit are eligible for other SoFi Plus benefits.

As an alternative to direct deposit, SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits can earn 4.00% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Qualifying Deposits means one or more deposits that, in the aggregate, are equal to or greater than $5,000 to an account holder’s SoFi Checking and Savings account (“Qualifying Deposits”) during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Qualifying Deposits only include those deposits from the following eligible sources: (i) ACH transfers, (ii) inbound wire transfers, (iii) peer-to-peer transfers (i.e., external transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc. and internal peer-to-peer transfers from a SoFi account belonging to another account holder), (iv) check deposits, (v) instant funding to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, (vi) push payments to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, and (vii) cash deposits. Qualifying Deposits do not include: (i) transfers between an account holder’s Checking account, Savings account, and/or Vaults; (ii) interest payments; (iii) bonuses issued by SoFi Bank or its affiliates; or (iv) credits, reversals, and refunds from SoFi Bank, N.A. (“SoFi Bank”) or from a merchant. SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits are not eligible for other SoFi Plus benefits.

SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder’s Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits throughout each 30-Day Evaluation Period to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility. The 30-Day Evaluation Period refers to the “Start Date” and “End Date” set forth on the APY Details page of your account, which comprises a period of 30 calendar days (the “30-Day Evaluation Period”). You can access the APY Details page at any time by logging into your SoFi account on the SoFi mobile app or SoFi website and selecting either (i) Banking > Savings > Current APY or (ii) Banking > Checking > Current APY. Upon receiving a Direct Deposit or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits to your account, you will begin earning 4.00% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% on checking balances on or before the following calendar day. You will continue to earn these APYs for (i) the remainder of the current 30-Day Evaluation Period and through the end of the subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period and (ii) any following 30-day Evaluation Periods during which SoFi Bank determines you to have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits without interruption.

SoFi Bank reserves the right to grant a grace period to account holders following a change in Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits activity before adjusting rates. If SoFi Bank grants you a grace period, the dates for such grace period will be reflected on the APY Details page of your account. If SoFi Bank determines that you did not have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits during the current 30-day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, then you will begin earning the rates earned by account holders without either Direct Deposit or Qualifying Deposits until you have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits in a subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period. For the avoidance of doubt, an account holder with both Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits will earn the rates earned by account holders with Direct Deposit.

Members without either Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits, as determined by SoFi Bank, during a 30-Day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, will earn 1.20% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances.

Interest rates are variable and subject to change at any time. These rates are current as of 12/3/24. There is no minimum balance requirement. Additional information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.

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SOBK-Q224-1902266-V1

May

2024

All You Need to Know About Variable-Rate Certificates of Deposit (CD)

By Laurel Tincher | Budgeting & Goals, Growing Wealth, Investing, money | Comments Off

A variable-rate certificate of deposit (CD) is a financial product that locks up your money for a set period of time (or term) and has a fluctuating interest rate. This varying rate of return is what sets it apart from traditional CDs, which pay a fixed rate, meaning you know exactly how much money your money will earn.

When interest rates are high, a variable-rate CD can help pump up your returns, but the opposite holds true, too. Depending on your financial goals, style, and comfort level, a variable-rate CD may or may not be a good option for you.

What Is a Variable-Rate Certificate of Deposit?

A variable-rate certificate of deposit, or CD, is a financial product that you can purchase from a banking institution, broker, or credit union. All types of CDs are a savings account that have fixed investing terms. That means they hold your money for a certain amount of time, be it six months or several years.

You pick a term that suits you best. During that time, your money earns interest, but you are not supposed to withdraw any funds early or you are likely to be assessed a penalty fee. (No-penalty CDs are sometimes available but usually with lower interest rates.) When the term ends, your CD is said to have matured, and you may withdraw the funds plus interest or roll them over into a new CD. Usually the total amount of interest is also received at the end of the investment term.

More specifically:

• Traditional CDs pay a consistent rate of interest that you are informed of at the start of the term.

• With variable-rate CDs, however, the interest rate fluctuates throughout the term.

This means, you, the investor can potentially earn more on your deposit when interest rates go up. Or you could earn less if interest rates go down. Several market factors influence interest rates. These include the prime rate, treasury bills, a market index, and the consumer price index (CPI).

One last note: CDs are insured. Certificates of deposit are time deposits protected by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC). If the bank holding the CD were to fail, you’d be insured up to $250,000 per depositor, per account ownership category (such as single, joint, or a trust account), per insured institution.

Special Considerations of a Variable-Rate CD

Here are a few key things to consider when looking into investing in variable-rate CDs. This type of CD is generally most profitable if purchased when interest rates are low, because it’s more likely that the interest rate will increase during the investment term. For this reason, there is a higher demand for these CDs when interest rates are low.

There are four main factors that influence interest rates. These are:

• Consumer Price Index (CPI): The federal government uses the Consumer Price Index to calculate changes in the amount that consumers pay for certain products and services. Whatever the current CPI is can affect how interest rates fluctuate.

• Market Index Levels: Another factor that affects interest rates is the performance of investment portfolios, such as major market indices. Some indices that are often analyzed include the S&P 500, the Dow Jones Industrial Average, and the Nasdaq Composite Index.

• Prime Rate: The prime rate is the interest rate that banks charge customers who have the highest credit ratings. These customers are the least likely to default on loans, so they get the best interest rates.

• Treasury Bill Yields: The U.S. Treasury sells Treasury bonds in order to raise money, and they also pay interest on those bonds. The interest rate associated with Treasury bonds depends on the amount and time period of the bond.

It’s worth noting that, during times of high inflation, CDs may not be your best option. If inflation surges, even a variable-rate CD may not be able to keep pace. At the end of your term, you may find that your investment has lost ground versus inflation.

Another factor to consider before you lock in on a variable-rate CD is the fee for early withdrawals. Some variable-rate CDs have higher fees than others. If there’s a good chance you may end up withdrawing funds early, before a CD’s maturity date, you should check those penalties and make sure they aren’t too steep.

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Pros of a Variable-Rate CD

All CDs are known to be very safe investments since they are federally insured up to $250,000, as noted above. In addition to that security, there are several benefits to investing in variable-rate CDs.

High Yield on Investments

Variable-rate CDs are secure, insured accounts that can provide a higher rate of return than other types of savings accounts. For instance, when you buy a fixed-rate CD, you might miss out on the opportunity to earn a higher interest rate if the market ticks upward. Variable-rate CDs, however, can respond to market conditions. If you buy a variable-rate CD when interest rates are low, you can potentially earn more as rates increase.

Profitable When Interest Rates Are Low

When interest rates are low, demand for variable-rate CDs increases, as does the profit potential. That’s because it is more likely that interest rates will increase after you purchase one. The interest rate can tick upwards and earn you more money on your money.

Lower Withdrawal Fee

Generally, variable-rate CDs come with lower penalties on early withdrawals than other types of CDs.

Recommended: How Can I Buy a Bond?

Cons of a Variable-Rate CD

While there are several reasons variable-rate CDs make good investments, they do come with a few downsides to consider before you invest.

Low Interest Rates

Although a variable-rate CD provides the opportunity to snag higher interest rates, it also creates a significant risk of earning a lower rate if market rates go down. If you buy a variable-rate CD when interest rates are low with the hopes that they will increase, there is no guarantee that this will happen. This means they will continue to earn a low interest rate for some or all of the duration of the CD term. In this case, you may have lost out on the possibility of earning a higher return elsewhere.

Paying Extra for “Bump-Up” Feature

Although interest rates can increase or decrease with most variable-rate CDs, there are some that have a “bump-up” feature. This allows for a one-time rate boost (or possibly a few rate hikes) during the CD’s term, but you may well have to pay extra for this “bump-up.” This is because the initial interest rate is typically lower than it would be on a fixed-rate CD.

Inflation Can Outpace Your Rate and Wipe Away Profit

There is a chance that inflation will increase during the term of a variable-rate CD, as noted above. If this happens, inflation could end up being higher than the interest rate you’re earning. That could effectively cancel out your earnings.

Variable-Rate CD: Real World Example

All this talk of varying interest rates can be hard to get a handle on without a concrete example. So consider the following:

• A CD that has a three-year term and a guaranteed repayment of the principal deposit.

• The starting rate is 4.00%.

• During the term of the investment, the rate drops from 4.00% down to 2.00%.

• To determine the amount of interest you’d receive, you’d take the difference between the initial rate and the final rate, which is 2.00%.

• So at the end of the term, the investor would receive their initial deposit plus 2.00% interest. That’s half what it was when you started.

Obviously, you, the CD account owner, would be happier if the reverse were true, which it could be!

What Happens if I Redeem a CD Before It Matures?

Most CDs have fees for early withdrawal; these typically involve losing interest that’s been earned and occasionally a bit of the principal. (Generally speaking, you don’t receive earned interest until a CD matures.)

However, some variable-rate CDs do offer early withdrawals with no penalties for fees. These CDs usually have a lower interest rate, so you are paying for this flexibility.

Recommended: How Can I Invest in CDs?

The Takeaway

CDs provide a safe place for your money to grow for a specific period of time. Most of them have fixed interest rates, but variable-rate ones are also often available. These can come with some risks. Time things right, and you could earn a healthy return on your investment. But if rates don’t head in a positive direction, you may not even be able to keep up with inflation.

CDs aren’t the only game in town for earning interest. Also consider the kind of interest you can earn from checking and savings accounts.

Better banking is here with SoFi, NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Checking Account Overall.* Enjoy up to 4.00% APY on SoFi Checking and Savings.

FAQ

Are variable-rate CDs issued by the government?

Variable-rate CDs are not issued by the government, but the FDIC, an independent agency of the federal government, insures them up to $250,000 per depositor, per account ownership category, per insured institution.

What determines the rate on a variable-rate CD?

Several factors can affect the interest rate of variable-rate CDs. These include the prime rate, market indices, treasury bills, and the consumer price index.

Do CDs have fixed interest rates?

Many CDs have fixed interest rates, but variable-rate CDs have interest rates that fluctuate throughout their term. It’s up to you which type you invest in.

Photo credit: iStock/Vladimir Sukhachev

SOBK-Q224-1902288-V1

May

2024

What Is ACH Debit Block? And Why Is It Important?

By Timothy Moore | money, Terminology | Comments Off

An ACH debit block is a fraud protection tool: Companies can opt into it to prevent any ACH debits and credits from their bank account. If you suspect that your business is a victim of fraud, an ACH debit block is an easy way to protect your money until you’ve resolved the issue. It can also be a good general practice to discourage unauthorized debits.

Learn more about ACH debit blocks, how they work, and their alternatives.

How ACH Debit Block Works

First, understand some of the basic concepts related to this process, such as the ACH system in general and debit blocks.

What Is ACH?

ACH (Automated Clearing House) is a common payment method that works like a digital check, transferring money from one bank account into another. A common example of an ACH transfer is a direct deposit from an employer into an employee’s checking account.

As an individual consumer, you may also make ACH payments. For example, you might be using ACH when you utilize peer-to-peer payment apps like Venmo, pay your bills online, digitally file and pay your income taxes, or transfer money over to an investment account.

What Is a Debit Block?

Businesses use ACH payments as well, to collect funds and pay expenses. But these can be a target for criminal activity. Scammers can try to pull funds out of your bank account without your approval. If you want to prevent money from leaving a business account via ACH because of this potential risk, an ACH debit block might be a good move.

When enabled, a debit block would impede your company from being able to use the funds in the account in all ACH use cases. It’s important to understand the ramifications of a debit block — and only request one from your bank if your company has alternative methods (or accounts) for making payments.

How Does an ACH Debit Block Work?

An ACH debit block is very straightforward. When this bank fraud management tool is implemented on a bank account, no one will be able to withdraw funds from a business account via ACH.

If you have a debit block on a business account and need to make an ACH payment from that account, you’ll need to take action to make sure it goes through. It’s important to contact your bank to authorize that specific payment before the payment recipient begins the ACH debit process. Otherwise, you will need to make all future payments with paper or electronic checks, debit cards, credit cards, cash, or wire transfers.

Benefits of ACH Debit Block

Here’s a closer look at the advantages of using an ACH debit block.

Reduces Electronic Payment Fraud

One reason to enact an ACH block on a business account is if you suspect your account has been compromised. An ACH debit block can prevent fraudsters from being able to debit money electronically from an account.

Individual consumers who are victims of identity theft can contact their bank, file a police report, report the fraud to the FTC, notify the consumer credit bureaus, and contact their creditors.

Offers an Additional Security Layer

Debit blocks are sometimes a reactive solution. That is, once a business suspects fraud, they can contact their bank to implement an ACH debit block on the account.

However, some companies — those that don’t need to make electronic payments from a specific business account — may prefer to proactively set up a debit block as an additional security layer.

If you do so, just understand that you’ll need to contact your bank every time you want to authorize an electronic payment from your account.

Recommended: How Long Does Direct Deposit Take?

Setting Up an ACH Debit Block

Setting up an ACH debit block is easier than setting up direct deposit. Just call your bank, provide your credentials, and request that they set up a debit block immediately. If you are doing this in response to fraudulent account activity, mention that on the call to determine what additional steps you should take.

Removing the debit block or authorizing a one-time payment will follow the same process. Contact your bank over the phone and explain exactly what you need.

Positive Pay vs ACH Debit Block

While an ACH debit block can be a good way to protect your business checking account, it does have its drawbacks. As an alternative, you may be able to implement positive pay.

Positive pay is an automated service but focused on businesses, not consumers. It’s an ACH filter that allows you to create a list of payees or vendors that will be automatically approved when they initiate an ACH debit from your company’s account. Certain criteria for these funds transfers can also be established. For example, you might put a cap on how much they can debit in a single transaction.

If any other individuals or businesses attempt an ACH withdrawal from your account, you will receive an alert. You can then review the request and approve or deny the ACH transfer.

Worth noting: Because each bank’s offering is different, there might sometimes be an overlap between a debit block and positive pay. Some banks, for example, allow you to review and approve vendor payments when you have an ACH debit block enabled.

Recommended: Understanding ACH Fees

The Takeaway

ACH debit blocks are a secure way to prevent fraudulent electronic transfers from your company’s bank account. If you suspect that your bank account information has been compromised, contact your bank to initiate an ACH debit block and ask what other fraud prevention resources they can provide.

When thinking about your bank’s security, don’t forget about your personal accounts. SoFi is one great option to keep your money safe.

Better banking is here with SoFi, NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Checking Account Overall.* Enjoy up to 4.00% APY on SoFi Checking and Savings.

FAQ

Can ACH payments be blocked?

A business can block ACH payments with a feature called ACH debit block. This prevents anyone from electronically withdrawing money from its bank account. You may also be able to set up positive pay, which allows you to approve a list of electronic payments and review all other ACH requests.

How do I stop unauthorized ACH payments?

You can set up an ACH debit block (typically, this is for business accounts) to prevent any electronic withdrawals from an account. If you want to allow expected ACH payments to process uninterrupted, set up positive pay, allowing only approved payments to go through. For your personal accounts, you may be able to set up alerts every time an ACH debit occurs in your account. If you notice any unauthorized activity, report it to your bank immediately.

What happens if an ACH transfer fails?

If the initial ACH transfer is not processed, some companies may attempt it a second time. Ultimately, if the ACH debit from your personal account fails, the business expecting the funds can hold you responsible for additional fees, such as late fees. If a bill continues to go unpaid, the company may send it to a collection agency, which will likely have a negative impact on your credit score.

How long does an ACH payment take to clear?

ACH payments are not immediate. While they can take up to three or four business days to clear, many banks have moved to next-day ACH transactions, which could mean funds are transferred in just one or two business days.

Photo credit: iStock/Olemedia

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May

2024

Guide to Fractional Art Investing

By MP Dunleavey | Growing Wealth, invest, Investing | Comments Off

Fractional art investing allows individual investors to purchase shares of higher-priced artworks, and (assuming the art appreciates) to realize a profit when the work is sold.

The cost of owning and maintaining individual works of art can be prohibitive for many people, especially retail investors. Fractional art investing has evolved as an accessible alternative to owning physical art, which can entail significant expense, management, and maintenance issues.

Investing in art is considered a form of alternative investing, which means that art, and fractional art investments, don’t typically move in sync with conventional asset classes like stocks and bonds. While art assets may offer growth opportunities, and the potential for portfolio diversification, they also come with certain risks.

What Is Fractional Art Investing?

As an increasing number of investors have begun to explore alternative asset classes, collectible art has emerged as a potential growth area.

Just as savvy stock market investors seek out top companies to invest in, many art investors likewise want to put their money into so-called blue-chip art: well-known works by established artists that may be more likely to appreciate in value. In addition, established but less well-known artists — like so-called growth stocks — are also attracting interest, based on their potential to gain value.

Given that it’s expensive to purchase and own works of art, fractional art investing — like investing in fractional shares of stock — allows investors to own shares of existing works, spread some of the investing risk across a range of pieces, and get a proportional share of any gains when the art is sold (although there are no guarantees that the art will appreciate).

Because art isn’t considered one of the traditional asset classes — including stocks, bonds, and cash — it can also offer investors diversification.

Art Market Growth

The global art market suffered during the pandemic but has since recovered to pre-pandemic levels, with sales of about $65 billion in 2023, according to the Art Basel-UBS Art Market Report 2024. (There has been a similar surge of interest in other valuable types of collectibles.)

Nonetheless, 2023 saw a 4% dip in overall sales from the previous year, owing to the high interest-rate climate, inflation, and geo-political issues. But transaction volume did increase by 4% from 2022 to 2023.

In addition, there is growing interest in fractional shares as an easier way to invest in art. According to ArtTactic, an art market research company, more than $625 million in fractional art shares were sold between 2017 and 2022. Because of the relatively lower price point, and the focus on returns (not owning art, per se), fractional art investing is attracting younger buyers, who may not be as affluent, but who are contributing to the liquidity of the art market.

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Fractional Art Explained

Fractional art investors don’t hold onto the art; they may never see it. Rather, a company that specializes in offering fractional art investments buys and maintains the actual pieces (say, a painting by Pablo Picasso or a sculpture by Fernando Botero), and then issues shares of each work to investors.

Art can be securitized in a couple of different ways, and as technology evolves more options are likely to emerge. In some cases the art is treated like a company, registered with the SEC, and the shares are sold to investors. In other cases a few works might comprise a fund that investors can buy shares of, similar to a mutual fund (which holds many companies). In some cases shares are managed using smart contracts on a blockchain.

Whereas the purchase price of a painting might be in the millions, investors could buy shares of a painting for, say, $50 per share. Prices vary widely, depending on the platform, and there may be high investment minimums (e.g. $3,000 and higher)

Share prices also include a fee for the maintenance and storage of the art, which can be relatively high, even when divided proportionally among shareholders. Similar to investing fees, even small amounts can add up over time.

How to Invest in Fractional Art: 3 Steps

Fractional art investing platforms may offer some liquidity in the form of on-platform trading. But generally it’s difficult to trade fractional shares of art. At the moment, fractional ownership is more of a long game, with lock-up periods that can last as long as a few years or a decade. Here’s how to start:

Step 1: Join a Platform

The first step is to find a platform that supports fractional art shares, and become familiar with its offerings.

Once you feel comfortable that a certain platform has the type of art you’d be interested in, get to know its terms (the investment minimum, cost per share, the fees involved, length of commitment) and sign up.

Step 2: Purchase Shares of Art

Decide which artwork or works you want to invest in. Be sure to understand the terms, and how long your money will remain invested.

It’s important to know that there’s no guarantee that the piece(s) you pick will appreciate in value.

Step 3: Wait or Trade

Depending on the platform, you may be able to trade your shares on an on-platform secondary market of sorts. In some cases, investors could potentially see dividend distributions before the end of their investing term. Otherwise, all you need to do is wait for your investment to be sold and take it from there.

Remember, the value of art can fluctuate considerably over time, so there’s no certainty that you’ll see your hoped-for return.

Pros and Cons of Fractional Art Investing

Fractional art ownership has emerged as a legitimate investing strategy, but because art is an alternative investment, there are a number of risks that investors must keep in mind, so it’s important to consider the pros and cons of investing in art.

Pros

Investing in fractional shares of art can be an affordable way to participate in the art market.

Art is considered an alternative investment, so investing in fractional shares also offers the potential for diversification.

Some pieces of art have been known to appreciate, especially if they’re by well-established artists. But in some cases works by less well-known and/or contemporary artists may appreciate as well.

Cons

Investing in art, whether through owning an artwork outright or through fractional shares, can be risky. The value of a piece of art is difficult to establish, and tends to fluctuate based on trends and tastes, not intrinsic or fundamental value.

As a result, an investment that looks promising now may not turn out to be profitable in the long term.

In addition, investing in fractional shares requires most investors to hold their investment for a period of years before the underlying work is sold. This means your capital is locked up, and may or may not see a return.

Fractional Art vs. Buying Art Yourself

Unless you have the resources to purchase, insure, and maintain a work of art yourself, buying fractional shares may be the best way to go. Owning physical art is a commitment, and can be quite expensive, putting aside the purchase price itself.

It’s true that art investing can be risky, but fractional shares may require less capital, which lessens the risk factor (although the risk of loss is always possible).

The Takeaway

The cost of owning individual works of art is out of reach for many investors. Fractional art investing is emerging as an accessible, and sometimes profitable option. Investors get to “own” part of a masterpiece, or an emerging artist’s work, without the headache of storing and maintaining it.

That said, investing in art is a type of alternative investment. While non-traditional assets may offer growth opportunities and the potential for portfolio diversification, they can also come with certain risks, such as market volatility, a lack of transparency, and little to no regulation in some cases.

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FAQ

Is fractional art a good investment?

Buying fractional shares of art can be a good investment, but it’s difficult to predict. The art market is notoriously volatile, and knowing whether a piece of art will gain value depends on trends over time. Like any type of alternative investment, the art market isn’t transparent or heavily regulated.

How does fractional art work?

As it sounds, investors can purchase a percentage of a given work of art, typically via a platform that specializes in fractional art investing. Buying fractional shares may be inexpensive, but there can be fees and investment minimums to consider as well.

In addition, your investment is often held for a period of years, until the work is sold. At that time, if there is a gain, it would be shared (minus fees) proportionally with investors.

Is Investing in art profitable?

There’s no way to predict for certain whether investing in art (or commodities or real estate or any type of investment) will be profitable. It depends on the investment you choose and what happens in the market by the time it’s sold.

Photo credit: iStock/South_agency

SoFi Invest®

INVESTMENTS ARE NOT FDIC INSURED • ARE NOT BANK GUARANTEED • MAY LOSE VALUE

SOIN-Q224-1858359-V1

May

2024

Is Investing in Art a Good Idea?

By MP Dunleavey | Growing Wealth, invest, Investing | Comments Off

Investing in art can be a good idea, but there are a number of options and factors to take into account, such as: the type of art investment you might choose (i.e. art funds vs. individual works of art), the art market climate, your familiarity with artists and trends in the art world, and more.

Generally speaking, art is considered an alternative investment. The art market does not move in sync with traditional stock and bond markets, and therefore owning art in some capacity can provide portfolio diversification. But like any alternative asset, investing in art also comes with risks.

The art market is highly illiquid, art itself is not well regulated, collectors’ tastes are fickle — and thus what determines the value of certain works of art can be harder to predict than, say, shares of stock. So while investing in art could be a smart move, it requires careful research and a deep understanding of this asset class.

How Big Is the Art Market?

Most people are familiar with the high-priced sales of some pieces of art. Works by well-known and historically revered artists can sell for millions — as can contemporary works by artists who are increasingly popular. But despite a few big headliners, the art market is fairly small.

According to a 2023 industry report, global art sales increased by a modest 3%, to $67.8 billion in 2022. Sales were more robust in the United States in 2022, with 8% growth to $30.2 billion year over year. The U.S. is the world’s largest art market, with the U.K. and China being second and third largest.

💡 Quick Tip: Because alternative investments tend to perform differently than conventional ones, even under the same market conditions, alts may help diversity your portfolio, mitigate volatility, and provide a hedge against inflation.

Is Art a Good Investment?

Whether art is a good investment to a large degree depends partly on the work of art. For example, just as there are blue-chip stocks, there are blue-chip artworks that typically command higher prices and offer the potential for steady appreciation (although given the volatility of the art market, there are no guarantees).

But investing wisely in art also depends on the investor, and the vehicles they choose. For example, investing in individual art — similar to investing in individual stocks — requires a deep familiarity with that product and its market, as well as understanding the risks involved.

While you can invest in individual works of art, the value of any piece of art depends on its rarity, whether the artist is in demand, the historical and cultural significance of the work, as well as trends and market conditions.

However, these days investors can also choose to invest in art through art-related funds (similar to mutual funds), and fractional shares of art, which is analogous to investing in fractional shares of stock.

It’s also important for would-be investors to understand the role of collectors.

Art Collectors vs. Art Investors

The difference between art collectors and art investors is important to grasp. Most types of asset classes attract investors alone (with some exceptions, e.g. collectibles). Typically you don’t hear about people collecting stocks or mutual funds, for example.

In the case of the art market, however, collectors can play a role in art market trends as well as valuations. While investors, particularly high net-worth investors, may also influence sales, many collectors are long-time participants in the art market with years of familiarity with the ins and outs of many sectors, artists, dealers, galleries, domestic and international art fairs, and more.

Collectors may be steeped in a certain era or style (e.g. medieval religious statuary or Impressionist paintings), and committed to owning works long-term — for decades, or even generations.

By contrast, art investors may aim to acquire works that will gain value in a relatively short period (i.e. within a few years). This is where different types of art investment vehicles can come into play.

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What Makes a Good Art Investment?

Investing in art requires a certain mindset, and doing your due diligence to size up what constitutes the best opportunities for you, depending on your goals. It’s also important to understand some of the newer investment vehicles.

Individual Works

Investing in individual works requires knowledge of the artist, their current status (e.g. are they in demand or have they fallen out of favor?), the relevance or importance of a given work, and a sense of whether it’s overvalued or undervalued.

The risks of choosing individual works include the possibility of buying a fraudulent piece, the cost of owning and maintaining the work (including storage and insurance), and the uncertainty of knowing whether any given work will hold its value.

Buying individual works can also come with added charges, similar to investment fees (e.g. commissions and other costs). And given the fragility of most art, there is also the risk of physical damage or total loss.

Fractional Shares of Art

Owing to the high cost of purchasing and owning blue-chip works of art, it’s possible to buy fractional shares of art. This option is relatively new, but fractional shares of art are available on a growing number of platforms.

There are various systems for buying fractional art shares. One common way it can work: Investors purchase fractional shares of a work by a specific artist. The platform handles the maintenance and storage of the art, which is held for a period of time and then sold, ideally for a profit. If the sale is profitable, investors get a percentage of the gain, net of fees, commensurate with the percentage of the work they own.

The risk of buying fractional shares of art is that, as with any investment, there are no guarantees of a return. In addition, this is a financial strategy — fractional owners never have the pleasure of actually possessing the work.

Art Funds

Similar to traditional mutual funds and ETFs, an art fund is a type of pooled investment fund. But unlike conventional funds, art funds tend to be a long-term proposition. Art funds are structured typically as closed-end funds, but with a twist: investors typically contribute their capital over a period of three to five years, often with no returns for another specified time period (terms vary).

These funds are highly illiquid, and (in addition to the unpredictability of the art market itself) there are substantial risks to locking up your capital for what could be years, for an unspecified return upon redemption.

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Risk Tolerance

Individual investors interested in exploring this type of alternative investment need to consider many factors, especially their stomach for risk. While all investments come with some degree of risk, the spectrum is wide when it comes to art, and there are many unknowns.

Perhaps the biggest factor is the capriciousness of the art world as a whole. For a couple of years, digital art, especially non-fungible tokens (NFTs), spiked in popularity and many people sold digital art at a profit — only to see demand plunge, taking prices along with it.

It’s a cautionary tale. Yet there is always the potential for a rebound, if digital art regains its appeal, or “antique” NFTs become a thing.

Investing in art also includes risk factors specific to owning fragile physical items, as well as the risk of total loss of capital if the investment you choose falls out of favor, or turns out to be a fake — or if a given fund manager makes a bad call.

Pros and Cons of Investing in Art

Taking all of the above into consideration, it’s important to weigh the advantages and disadvantages of investing in art.

Advantages

Art offers the potential for substantial returns.

There are many new opportunities for investing in art; would-be investors can consider art funds, fractional shares of art, and more.

Investing in art may offer portfolio diversification.

Some countries may offer tax breaks on art sales.

If you enjoy art and the art world, this type of investing can offer the potential for fun, travel, and aesthetic gratification.

Disadvantages

The art world is volatile and there is no way to know for sure what a given artist or work may be worth now or in years to come.

It’s difficult to authenticate works of art, and the risk of forgery is high.

Investing in art-related funds, stocks, or fractional shares are still relatively new types of instruments, and terms (fees, redemptions, illiquidity) may not be favorable.

Many types of physical artworks can be damaged or destroyed.

The current tax treatment of art gains in the United States is higher than long-term capital gains rates.

Pros	Cons
Potential for gains	Risk of losing money owing to art market volatility
New ways to invest in art; i.e. art funds, fractional shares	Like some alternative investments, art is not heavily regulated by the SEC
May provide portfolio diversification	Highly illiquid and opaque
Some countries offer tax breaks on art sales	Art gains subject to higher taxes than long-term capital gains
Owning art is aesthetically gratifying	Risk of damage and loss

Returns on Art Investments Over Time

Just as the art world is expanding to offer new options to investors, it’s also adopting certain investment world conventions, such as art indices. Now investors can consider the data provided by an index such as the Sotheby Mei Moses Index, which was modeled on the Case-Shiller Index for home prices.

That said, individual artworks are not securities — they are non-fungible and highly illiquid — and as such evaluating the “performance” of specific works or even certain sectors over time is difficult. Even taking into account the evolution of fractional art shares and art funds as investment vehicles, the lack of transparency around pricing (as well as regulation) can make it difficult for investors to make a satisfactory risk-reward assessment.

Unfortunately, this lack of transparency is part of the risk when investing in alternative assets.

The Takeaway

Investing in art offers some advantages, not least of which is the enjoyment of researching and purchasing individual works that fulfill a personal taste or passion. In addition, art is an alternative investment, meaning that it doesn’t move in tandem with traditional markets. As such, it can offer portfolio diversification.

But like many alternative assets, art can be highly volatile and illiquid. As a whole, although art investment opportunities have expanded into art funds and owning fractional shares of artworks, art as an investment is not transparent or well regulated. That said, for the right investor, this asset class may provide unique opportunities.

Invest in alts to take your portfolio beyond stocks and bonds.

FAQ

What is the best art to invest in?

The best art to invest in is art you know well and has a value you feel confident in. That might be an individual piece by a certain artist, or it might be fractional shares in well-known or even famous works. Whatever route you choose, treat it like any other investment: do the necessary research, and understand the potential risks and rewards.

Will the art you choose increase in value?

As with any type of investment there are no guarantees. Some works of art appreciate steadily over time, some enjoy a sudden rise in value if market trends are favorable, while other art you might invest in could rapidly lose value. This is why it’s essential for any investor interested in art to fully understand how these alternative assets might fit into your portfolio, or not.

Photo credit: iStock/South_agency

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SOIN-Q224-1856685-V1

What ‘Do Not Convert to ACH’ Means on a Check

ACH System 101

How Does ACH Work?

What Is Check Conversion?

What Does Conversion to ACH Mean?

Why Might a Check Be Converted to ACH?

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Can a Check Be Converted to ACH?

What Does It Mean When a Check Says ‘Do Not Convert to ACH’?

What Is the Benefit to the Drawee if a Check Says ‘Do Not Convert to ACH’?

What Is the Difference Between ACH and a Check?

The Takeaway

FAQ

Can an ACH payment be declined?

What does “ineligible for conversion” mean on a check?

Why would a bank reject a check?

All You Need to Know About Variable-Rate Certificates of Deposit (CD)

What Is a Variable-Rate Certificate of Deposit?

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Special Considerations of a Variable-Rate CD

Pros of a Variable-Rate CD

High Yield on Investments

Profitable When Interest Rates Are Low

Lower Withdrawal Fee

Cons of a Variable-Rate CD

Low Interest Rates

Paying Extra for “Bump-Up” Feature

Inflation Can Outpace Your Rate and Wipe Away Profit

Variable-Rate CD: Real World Example

What Happens if I Redeem a CD Before It Matures?

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What Is ACH Debit Block? And Why Is It Important?

How ACH Debit Block Works

What Is ACH?

What Is a Debit Block?

How Does an ACH Debit Block Work?

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Benefits of ACH Debit Block

Reduces Electronic Payment Fraud

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Setting Up an ACH Debit Block

Positive Pay vs ACH Debit Block

The Takeaway

FAQ

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How do I stop unauthorized ACH payments?

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Guide to Fractional Art Investing

What Is Fractional Art Investing?

Art Market Growth

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Fractional Art Explained

How to Invest in Fractional Art: 3 Steps

Step 1: Join a Platform

Step 2: Purchase Shares of Art

Step 3: Wait or Trade

Pros and Cons of Fractional Art Investing

Pros

Cons

Fractional Art vs. Buying Art Yourself

The Takeaway

FAQ

Is fractional art a good investment?

How does fractional art work?

Is Investing in art profitable?

Is Investing in Art a Good Idea?

How Big Is the Art Market?

Is Art a Good Investment?

Art Collectors vs. Art Investors

Alternative investments, now for the rest of us.

Start trading funds that include commodities, private credit, real estate, venture capital, and more.

What Makes a Good Art Investment?

Individual Works

Fractional Shares of Art

Alternative investments,
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Alternative investments,
now for the rest of us.

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