Financial Topics Archives | Page 262 of 788

Feb

2024

Guide to Estimated Tax Payments

By Rebecca Lake | Family Finances, money, Terminology | Comments Off

If you are self-employed or receive income other than a salary or employment wages, you could be responsible for making estimated tax payments.

You might think of these estimated taxes as an advance payment against your expected tax liability for a given year. The IRS requires certain people and businesses to make quarterly estimated tax payments (that is, four times each year).

Not sure if you are required to make estimated tax payments or how much you should pay? Here’s a closer look at this topic, which will cover:

• What are estimated tax payments?

• Who needs to make estimated tax payments?

• What are the pros and cons of estimated tax payments?

• How do you know how much you owe in estimated taxes?

What Are Estimated Tax Payments?

Estimated tax payments are payments you make to the IRS on income that is not subject to federal withholding. Ordinarily, your employer withholds taxes from your paychecks. Under this system, you pay taxes as you go, and you might get money back (or owe) when you file your tax return, based on how much you paid throughout the year.

So what is an estimated tax payment designed to do? Estimated tax payments are meant to help you keep pace with what you owe so that you don’t end up with a huge tax bill when you file your return. They’re essentially an estimate of how much you might pay in taxes if you were subject to regular withholding, say, by an employer.

Estimated tax payments can apply to different types of income, including:

• Self-employment income

• Income from freelancing or gig work (aka a side hustle)

• Interest and dividends

• Rental income

• Unemployment compensation

• Alimony

• Capital gains

• Prizes and awards

If you receive any of those types of income during the year, it’s important to know when you might be on the hook for estimated taxes. That way, you can avoid being caught off-guard during tax season.

💡 Quick Tip: Tired of paying pointless bank fees? When you open a bank account online you often avoid excess charges.

How Do Estimated Tax Payments Work?

Estimated tax payments allow the IRS to collect income tax, as well as self-employment taxes from individuals who are required to make these payments. When you pay estimated taxes, you’re making an educated guess about how much money you’ll owe in taxes for the year.

The IRS keeps track of estimated tax payments as you make them. You’ll also report those payments on your income tax return when you file. The amount you paid in is then used to determine whether you need to pay any additional tax owed, based on your filing status and income, and the deductions or credits you might be eligible for.

Failing to pay estimated taxes on time can trigger tax penalties. You might also pay a penalty for underpaying if the IRS determines that you should have paid a different amount.

Who Needs to Pay Estimated Tax Payments?

Now that you know what an estimated tax payment is, take a closer look at who needs to make them. The IRS establishes some rules about who is liable for estimated tax payments. Generally, you’ll need to pay estimated taxes if:

• You expect to owe $1,000 or more in taxes when you file your income tax return, after subtracting any withholding you’ve already paid and any refundable credits you’re eligible for.

• You expect your withholding and refundable credits to be less than the smaller of either 90% of the tax to be shown on your current year tax return or 100% of the tax shown on your prior year return.

• The tax threshold drops to $500 for corporations.

Examples of individuals and business entities that may be subject to estimated tax payments include:

• Freelancers

• Sole proprietors

• Business partners

• S-corporations

• Investors

• Property owners who collect rental income

• Ex-spouses who receive alimony payments

• Contest or sweepstakes winners

Now, who doesn’t have to make estimated tax payments? You may be able to avoid estimated tax payments if your employer is withholding taxes from your pay regularly and you don’t have significant other forms of income (such as a side hustle). The amount the employer withholds is determined by the elections you make on your Form W-4, which you should have filled out when you were hired.

You can also avoid estimated taxes for the current tax year if all three are true:

• You had no tax liability for the previous tax year

• You were a U.S. citizen or resident alien for the entire year

• Your prior tax year spanned a 12-month period

Pros and Cons of Estimated Taxes

Paying taxes can be challenging, and some people may dread preparing for tax season each year. Like anything else, there are some advantages and disadvantages associated with estimated tax payments.

Here are the pros:

• Making estimated tax payments allows you to spread your tax liability out over the year, versus trying to pay it all at once when you file.

• Overpaying estimated taxes could result in a larger refund when you file your return, which could be put to good use (such as paying down debt).

• Estimated tax payments can help you create a realistic budget if you’re setting aside money for taxes on a regular basis.

And now, the cons:

• Underpaying estimated taxes could result in penalties when you file.

• Calculating estimated tax payments and scheduling those payments can be time-consuming.

• Miscalculating estimated tax payments could result in owing more money to the IRS.

Figuring Out How Much Estimated Taxes You Owe

There are a few things you’ll need to know to calculate how much to pay for estimated taxes. Specifically, you’ll need to know your:

• Expected adjusted gross income (AGI)

• Taxable income

• Taxes

• Deductions

• Credits

You can use IRS Form 1040 ES to figure your estimated tax. There are also online tax calculators that can do the math for you.

• If you’re calculating estimated tax payments for the first time, it may be helpful to use your prior year’s tax return as a guide. That can give you an idea of what you typically pay in taxes, based on your income, assuming it’s the same year to year.

• When calculating estimated tax payments, it’s always better to pay more than less. If you overpay, the IRS can give the difference back to you as a tax refund when you file your return.

• If you underpay, on the other hand, you might end up having to fork over more money in taxes and penalties.

Paying Your Estimated Taxes

As mentioned, you’ll need to make estimated tax payments four times each year. The due dates are quarterly but they’re not spaced apart in equal increments.

Here’s how the estimated tax payment calendar works for 2024:

Payment	Due Date
First Payment	April 15, 2024
Second Payment	June 17, 2024
Third Payment	September 16, 2024
Fourth Payment	January 15, 2025

Here’s how to pay:

• You’ll make estimated tax payments directly to the IRS. You can do that online through your IRS account, through the IRS2Go app, or using IRS Direct Pay.

• You can use a credit card, debit card, or bank account to pay. Note that you might be charged a processing fee to make payments with a credit or debit card.

• Certain IRS retail locations can also accept cash payments in person.

Keep in mind that if you live in a state that collects income tax, you’ll also need to make estimated tax payments to your state tax agency. State (and any local) quarterly estimated taxes follow the same calendar as federal tax payments. You can check with your state tax agency to determine if estimated tax is required and how to make those payments.

The Takeaway

If you freelance, run a business, or earn interest, dividends, or rental income from investments, you might have to make estimated tax payments. Doing so will help you avoid owing a large payment on Tax Day and possibly incurring penalties. The good news is that once you get into the habit of calculating those payments, tax planning becomes less stressful.

Another way to make your financial life less stressful: Find the right banking partner.

Interested in opening an online bank account? When you sign up for a SoFi Checking and Savings account with direct deposit, you’ll get a competitive annual percentage yield (APY), pay zero account fees, and enjoy an array of rewards, such as access to the Allpoint Network of 55,000+ fee-free ATMs globally. Qualifying accounts can even access their paycheck up to two days early.

Better banking is here with SoFi, NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Checking Account Overall.* Enjoy up to 4.30% APY on SoFi Checking and Savings.

FAQ

What happens if I don’t pay estimated taxes?

Failing to pay estimated taxes when you owe them can result in tax penalties. Interest can also accrue on the amount that was due. You can’t eliminate those penalties or interest by overpaying at the next quarterly due date or making one large payment to the IRS at the end of the year. You can appeal the penalty, but you’ll still be responsible for paying any estimated tax due.

What if you haven’t paid enough in estimated tax payments?

Underpaying estimated taxes can result in a tax penalty. The IRS calculates the penalty based on the amount of the underpayment, the period when the underpayment was due and not paid, and the applicable interest rate. You’d have to pay the penalty, along with any additional tax owed, when you file your annual income tax return.

How often do you pay estimated taxes?

The IRS collects estimated taxes quarterly, with the first payment for the current tax year due in April. The remaining payments are due in June, September, and the following January. You could, however, choose to make payments in smaller increments throughout the year as long as you do so by the quarterly deadline.

Photo credit: iStock/pixdeluxe

SoFi® Checking and Savings is offered through SoFi Bank, N.A. ©2024 SoFi Bank, N.A. All rights reserved. Member FDIC. Equal Housing Lender.
The SoFi Bank Debit Mastercard® is issued by SoFi Bank, N.A., pursuant to license by Mastercard International Incorporated and can be used everywhere Mastercard is accepted. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated.

SoFi members with direct deposit activity can earn 4.30% annual percentage yield (APY) on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Direct Deposit means a recurring deposit of regular income to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government benefit payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Deposits that are not from an employer or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, or are non-recurring in nature (e.g., IRS tax refunds), do not constitute Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate. SoFi members with direct deposit are eligible for other SoFi Plus benefits.

As an alternative to direct deposit, SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits can earn 4.30% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Qualifying Deposits means one or more deposits that, in the aggregate, are equal to or greater than $5,000 to an account holder’s SoFi Checking and Savings account (“Qualifying Deposits”) during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Qualifying Deposits only include those deposits from the following eligible sources: (i) ACH transfers, (ii) inbound wire transfers, (iii) peer-to-peer transfers (i.e., external transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc. and internal peer-to-peer transfers from a SoFi account belonging to another account holder), (iv) check deposits, (v) instant funding to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, (vi) push payments to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, and (vii) cash deposits. Qualifying Deposits do not include: (i) transfers between an account holder’s Checking account, Savings account, and/or Vaults; (ii) interest payments; (iii) bonuses issued by SoFi Bank or its affiliates; or (iv) credits, reversals, and refunds from SoFi Bank, N.A. (“SoFi Bank”) or from a merchant. SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits are not eligible for other SoFi Plus benefits.

SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder’s Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits throughout each 30-Day Evaluation Period to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility. The 30-Day Evaluation Period refers to the “Start Date” and “End Date” set forth on the APY Details page of your account, which comprises a period of 30 calendar days (the “30-Day Evaluation Period”). You can access the APY Details page at any time by logging into your SoFi account on the SoFi mobile app or SoFi website and selecting either (i) Banking > Savings > Current APY or (ii) Banking > Checking > Current APY. Upon receiving a Direct Deposit or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits to your account, you will begin earning 4.30% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% on checking balances on or before the following calendar day. You will continue to earn these APYs for (i) the remainder of the current 30-Day Evaluation Period and through the end of the subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period and (ii) any following 30-day Evaluation Periods during which SoFi Bank determines you to have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits without interruption.

SoFi Bank reserves the right to grant a grace period to account holders following a change in Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits activity before adjusting rates. If SoFi Bank grants you a grace period, the dates for such grace period will be reflected on the APY Details page of your account. If SoFi Bank determines that you did not have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits during the current 30-day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, then you will begin earning the rates earned by account holders without either Direct Deposit or Qualifying Deposits until you have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits in a subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period. For the avoidance of doubt, an account holder with both Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits will earn the rates earned by account holders with Direct Deposit.

Members without either Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits, as determined by SoFi Bank, during a 30-Day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, will earn 1.20% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances.

Interest rates are variable and subject to change at any time. These rates are current as of 10/8/2024. There is no minimum balance requirement. Additional information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Tax Information: This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or tax advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or tax advice.

External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

SOBK0224006

Feb

2024

What Is a W-2?

By Anna Davies | Budgeting & Goals, money | Comments Off

A W-2 can be a vital component to your tax return every April. But what exactly is a W-2? It’s a form filed by an employer that shows compensation paid and amounts withheld from an employee’s paycheck. Compensation includes wages, tips, and other forms of money paid. Withholding can include taxes and other amounts deducted from an employee’s pay. If you have more than one employer, you may receive multiple W-2 forms. These forms are essential documents in filing your taxes for the previous year.

Knowing how to read your W-2 can be helpful in understanding your overall tax liability. Here, you’ll learn more about these documents, including:

• What are the parts of a W-2?

• Who receives a W-2?

• When should your W-2 arrive?

• What’s the connection between a W-2 and a W-4?

Parts of a W-2

All W-2 forms require the same information, regardless of the employer and employee. This information includes key employer information, such as business address and employer identification number (EIN). It also includes the employee’s information, such as social security number and mailing address. It’s a good idea to assess the form for any errors; if you see an error, contact your employer for a corrected form.

The W-2 has boxes that display various information. On the left side of the form, you’ll see the following:

• Box A displays the employee’s Social Security number.

• Box B shows the employer’s identification number, or EIN.

• Box C contains the employer’s name, address and zip code.

• Box D is a control number (something some employers use).

• Box E is the employee’s name.

• Box F is the employee’s address.

To the right and below the information above, you’ll see these areas:

• Box 1 reflects earnings: wages, tips and other compensation.

• Box 2 is federal income tax withheld.

• Box 3 shows Social Security tax-eligible wages.

• Box 4 contains Social Security withheld.

• Box 5 is Medicare tax-eligible wages and tips.

• Box 6 shows Medicare tax withheld.

• Box 7 is Social Security tips (meaning discretionary earnings, such as tips, that are subject to Social Security taxation).

• Box 8 is allocated tips (tips your employer assigned to you beyond those you have reported).

• Box 9 is blank, a remnant of its previous use for any advance of the Earned Income Credit, which ended in 2010.

• Box 10 reflects dependent care benefits.

• Box 11 contains nonqualified plans, meaning money put in a tax-deferred retirement plan sponsored by your employer, which can reduce your taxable income.

• Boxes 12 may be blank or may be filled in with codes A through HH, which identify miscellaneous forms of income that need to be reported to the IRS.

• Box 13 shows statutory employee, retirement plans, and third-party sick pay. These will be checked off if you are a statutory employee, meaning an individual contractor who is treated like an employee; if you participate in a qualifying retirement plan; and/or if payments were made by a third party (such as an insurance plan) for disability pay or the like.

• Box 14 reflects other deductions.

• Box 15 shows the state and the employer’s state ID.

• Box 16 contains state wages.

• Box 17 shows state income tax, if withheld.

• Box 18 reflects local tax-eligible wages, tips, etc.

• Box 19 shows any local taxes withheld.

• Box 20 contains the name of the locality.

Employees receive multiple copies of the same W-2 from each employer, to be filed with a federal tax return, a state tax return, and to be kept for the employee’s records. The IRS recommends keeping copies of W-2s for anywhere from three to seven years, depending on your situation.

💡 Quick Tip: Help your money earn more money! Opening a bank account online often gets you higher-than-average rates.

Who Receives a W-2?

Now that you know what a W-2 tax form is, you may wonder, who gets one? If you are an employee of a business, you should receive a W-2. If, however, you are a freelancer (aka an independent contractor), you should receive a Form 1099, showing freelance income subject to self-employment taxation, and not a W-2.

Recommended: How Do I Know What Tax Bracket I Am In?

When to Expect a W-2

The IRS requires employers to send out W-2s by January 31st for the prior tax year. This allows employees to prepare for tax season and get their returns in by mid-April. It might take a few days for the mail service to deliver it to you.

The Connection Between a W-2 and a W-4

The forms W-2 and W-4 may sound alike, but they work quite differently. You’ve just learned the answer to “What is a W-2 tax form?” Now, here’s what a W-4 is.

A new employee will be asked by their employer to fill out a W-4 form, which is used to assess how much tax to withhold from the employee’s wages. Withholding depends on the employee’s circumstances, including whether they have dependents and what their tax-filing status is, among other things. Employees who do not fill out a W-4 will be taxed as if they were single.

Employees won’t be asked to complete a W-4 form again unless they switch employers. But you should take the initiative to update your W-4 if your tax circumstances change, such as you get married, have a child, get divorced, or receive taxable income not subject to withholding, such as earning money from a contract or freelance job.

Each allowance an employee claims on their W-4 will minimize withholding throughout the year. An employee can also request additional amounts be withheld from their paycheck. When taxes are filed, the goal for employees is to avoid a tax bill or a large refund, both of which can indicate that your tax payments during the year were off the mark.

While “tax time” is in April each year, taxes are essentially pay-as-you-go, according to the IRS. That means that, in an ideal world, April shouldn’t bring a large tax bill or a large refund. Worth noting:

• For a single person who has only one employer, filling out a W-4 should be relatively straightforward.

• Those with multiple income streams, including rental income, investment income, or income from side gigs, may need to take some time and thought when completing their W-4 to ensure they’re withholding an appropriate amount, as well as paying quarterly estimated taxes, if necessary.

How do you know that your W-4 is accurate? You can assess that based on the refund or bill you receive at tax time. While a refund can feel like a windfall — and people often earmark it to pay off bills or fund a vacation, home improvement project, or other big-ticket purchase — the money represents an overpayment to the IRS.

While getting a big check can be exciting, it may make more sense to have that money available for budgeting purposes throughout the year. Or you could be putting it into a high-yield savings account. Similarly, a large tax bill can throw your budget off track and may subject you to penalties from the IRS for not having enough taxes withheld from your paycheck or not paying quarterly taxes.

Recommended: What Are the Different Kinds of Taxes?

Are You an Employer?

If you pay someone wages of $600 or more in a calendar year, even if that person is a relative, you’re technically an employer in the eyes of the IRS. This means that a person who employs a regular babysitter or housecleaner may need to withhold and pay certain taxes, including Medicare, federal unemployment, and social security.

This is an example of paying someone “on the books” and can be protection against fines and penalties that may come from paying an employee “under the table” or “off the books.” Having a clear understanding of what forms need to be filled out and what steps you need to take as an employer can help avoid a potentially complicated tax situation down the line.

It’s also important to issue W-2s in a timely manner. This helps your employees avoid the stress and potential penalties which can happen if you miss a tax deadline.

Having Your Paperwork in Order

Because things can change from year to year, it can be a good idea for an employee to regularly check their withholding on their W-4 annually. Another wise move is to make sure a new one is filed if there is a life change (as mentioned above), such as having a baby or getting married.

Workers should also keep an eye out for tax-related paperwork, since taxes are due regardless of whether paperwork has made its way to an employee’s mailbox. Missing tax forms can throw a wrench in the most organized person’s plans.

Checking in with an HR department can help make sure nothing falls through the cracks. Having paperwork ready and available can make filing taxes as seamless as possible when the time comes. This may also help you maximize your time if you work with a tax prep professional.

💡 Quick Tip: Most savings accounts only earn a fraction of a percentage in interest. Not at SoFi. Our high-yield savings account can help you make meaningful progress towards your financial goals.

Tips for Filling Out a W-2

If you’re an employee, you don’t need to do anything to your W-2 beyond checking that the information on it is correct.

If, however, you are an employer, you may fill the form out W-2s yourself, via a tax preparer, or by using payroll software to automate this task. You will be responsible for adding your company’s details properly, as well as information specific to each employee. For instance, when reporting an employee’s compensation, you would include only the amount that is subject to federal taxation. You would not include things like contributions to a pre-tax retirement plan, health-insurance costs, or similar benefits.

The Takeaway

While tax time may be met with eye-rolling and stress, it can also be a moment to set up financial intentions and systems for the year. This can include submitting a new W-4 to your employer, estimating quarterly taxes, and developing a strategy to ensure that your money works for you in the year ahead. Keeping on top of your finances throughout the year can make tax time more manageable, as can visiting the SoFi Tax Center for more tips.

Better banking is here with SoFi, NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Checking Account Overall.* Enjoy up to 4.30% APY on SoFi Checking and Savings.

FAQ

What happens if the W-2 that I received is wrong?

If you believe your W-2 is incorrect, contact your employer to discuss. They may be able to explain why you sense a discrepancy and, if necessary, reissue the document. If you cannot resolve things quickly and satisfactorily with your employer and believe there’s false information circulating, you may want to reach out directly to the IRS, which can be contacted at its toll-free number, 800-829-1040, or at Taxpayer Assistance Centers.

How much money do I need to make in order to get a W-2?

If you are an employee who earned $600 or more in a given year, you should receive a W-2, which is usually sent out by January 31st of the following year.

What is the difference between a 1099 and a W-2?

A W-2 is a form that shares information about an employee’s earnings and withholding. A 1099-NEC is a form that independent contractors may receive. Workers who get 1099 forms are responsible for paying their own employment taxes, unlike W-2 employees.

What should I do if I have not received my W-2 yet?

January 31st is the day by which W-2s must be sent out for the previous tax year. If you haven’t received yours by that date and the form was mailed, you may want to give it another couple of days to allow for it to arrive. Other steps to deal with this situation include checking online to see if you have a downloadable version and contacting your employer to see what the status is. If it’s late February and you still don’t have it, it can be wise to contact the IRS directly for guidance. You might be able to use an IRS Form 4852 as a substitute for a W-2, for example.

SoFi members with direct deposit activity can earn 4.30% annual percentage yield (APY) on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Direct Deposit means a recurring deposit of regular income to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government benefit payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Deposits that are not from an employer or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, or are non-recurring in nature (e.g., IRS tax refunds), do not constitute Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate. SoFi members with direct deposit are eligible for other SoFi Plus benefits.

As an alternative to direct deposit, SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits can earn 4.30% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Qualifying Deposits means one or more deposits that, in the aggregate, are equal to or greater than $5,000 to an account holder’s SoFi Checking and Savings account (“Qualifying Deposits”) during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Qualifying Deposits only include those deposits from the following eligible sources: (i) ACH transfers, (ii) inbound wire transfers, (iii) peer-to-peer transfers (i.e., external transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc. and internal peer-to-peer transfers from a SoFi account belonging to another account holder), (iv) check deposits, (v) instant funding to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, (vi) push payments to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, and (vii) cash deposits. Qualifying Deposits do not include: (i) transfers between an account holder’s Checking account, Savings account, and/or Vaults; (ii) interest payments; (iii) bonuses issued by SoFi Bank or its affiliates; or (iv) credits, reversals, and refunds from SoFi Bank, N.A. (“SoFi Bank”) or from a merchant. SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits are not eligible for other SoFi Plus benefits.

SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder’s Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits throughout each 30-Day Evaluation Period to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility. The 30-Day Evaluation Period refers to the “Start Date” and “End Date” set forth on the APY Details page of your account, which comprises a period of 30 calendar days (the “30-Day Evaluation Period”). You can access the APY Details page at any time by logging into your SoFi account on the SoFi mobile app or SoFi website and selecting either (i) Banking > Savings > Current APY or (ii) Banking > Checking > Current APY. Upon receiving a Direct Deposit or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits to your account, you will begin earning 4.30% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% on checking balances on or before the following calendar day. You will continue to earn these APYs for (i) the remainder of the current 30-Day Evaluation Period and through the end of the subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period and (ii) any following 30-day Evaluation Periods during which SoFi Bank determines you to have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits without interruption.

SoFi Bank reserves the right to grant a grace period to account holders following a change in Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits activity before adjusting rates. If SoFi Bank grants you a grace period, the dates for such grace period will be reflected on the APY Details page of your account. If SoFi Bank determines that you did not have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits during the current 30-day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, then you will begin earning the rates earned by account holders without either Direct Deposit or Qualifying Deposits until you have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits in a subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period. For the avoidance of doubt, an account holder with both Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits will earn the rates earned by account holders with Direct Deposit.

Members without either Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits, as determined by SoFi Bank, during a 30-Day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, will earn 1.20% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances.

Interest rates are variable and subject to change at any time. These rates are current as of 10/8/2024. There is no minimum balance requirement. Additional information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.

SoFi® Checking and Savings is offered through SoFi Bank, N.A. ©2024 SoFi Bank, N.A. All rights reserved. Member FDIC. Equal Housing Lender.
The SoFi Bank Debit Mastercard® is issued by SoFi Bank, N.A., pursuant to license by Mastercard International Incorporated and can be used everywhere Mastercard is accepted. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated.

Tax Information: This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or tax advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or tax advice.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

SOBK0224011

Feb

2024

I Make $50,000 a Year, How Much House Can I Afford?

By Alene Laney | Family Finances, Home Ownership, mortgage | Comments Off

On a salary of $50,000 per year, you can afford a house priced at around $128,000 with a monthly payment of $1,200 — that is, as long as you have relatively little debt already on your plate. However, not everyone earning $50,000 will see this number in response to a loan application. There are many more factors besides income and debt to take into account, such as:

• Your down payment

• The cost of taxes and insurance for the home you want

• The interest rate

• The type of loan you’re applying for

• Your lender’s tolerance for debt levels

Each of these factors affects how much home you can afford on any salary, including one at $50,000.

What Kind of House Can I Afford With $50K a Year?

$50,000 is a solid salary, but there’s no denying today’s real estate market is tough. You’ll need to know the full picture of home affordability to get you into the house you want, starting with your debt-to-income (DTI) ratio.

First-time homebuyers can
prequalify for a SoFi mortgage loan,
with as little as 3% down.

Understanding Debt-to-income Ratio

Your DTI ratio may be one of your biggest challenges to home affordability. Each debt that you have a monthly payment for takes away from what you could be paying on a mortgage, lowering the mortgage amount that you can qualify for.

To calculate your DTI ratio, combine your monthly debt payments such as credit card debts, student loan payments, and car payments and then divide the total by your monthly income. This will give you a percentage (or ratio) of how much you’re spending on debt each month. Lenders look for 36% or less for most home mortgage loans.

For example, on a $50,000 annual salary and a $4,166 monthly income, your maximum DTI ratio of 36% would be $1,500. This is the maximum amount of debt lenders want to see on a $50,000 salary.

💡 Quick Tip: Lowering your monthly payments with a mortgage refinance from SoFi can help you find money to pay down other debt, build your rainy-day fund, or put more into your 401(k).

How to Factor in Your Down Payment

A down payment increases how much home you’ll be able to qualify for. The more you’re able to put down, the more home you’ll be able to afford. Borrowers who put down more than 20% also avoid having to buy mortgage insurance. When you don’t have to pay mortgage insurance every month, you can qualify for a higher mortgage — but you do need to consider if putting down 20% is worth it to you. A mortgage calculator can help you see how much your down payment affects the mortgage you can qualify for.

Factors That Affect Home Affordability

In addition to the debt-to-income ratio and down payment, there are a handful of other variables that affect home affordability. These are:

• Interest rates When your interest rate is lower, you’ll either have a lower monthly mortgage payment or qualify for a higher mortgage. With higher interest rates, you’ll have a higher monthly mortgage payment and/or qualify for a lower home purchase amount.

• Credit history and score Your credit score affects what interest rate you’ll be able to get, which is a huge factor in determining your monthly mortgage payment and home affordability.

• Taxes and insurance Higher taxes, insurance, or homeowners association dues can bite into your house budget. Each of these factors has to be accounted for by your lender.

• Loan type Different loan types have varying interest rates, down payments, credit requirements, and mortgage insurance requirements which can affect how much house you can afford.

• Lender You may be able to find a lender that allows for a DTI ratio that is higher than the standard 36%. (Some lenders allow a DTI as high as 50%.)

• Location Where you buy affects how much house you can afford. This is one area that you can’t control, unless you move. If you are considering this option, take a look at the best affordable places to live in the U.S.

Recommended: The Cost of Living by State

How to Afford More House With Down Payment Assistance

If you want to be able to afford a more costly house, you may want to look into a down payment assistance (DPA) program. These programs can help you with funding for a down payment on a mortgage. You can look for DPA programs with your state or local housing authority. Preference may be given to first-time homebuyers or lower-income families, but there are programs available for a wide variety of situations and incomes.

How to Calculate How Much House You Can Afford

If you want to know how much mortgage you’ll likely be able to qualify for, you’ll want to take a look at these guidelines.

The 28/36 Rule: Lenders look for home payments to be at or below 28% of your income. Total debt payments should be less than 36% of your income. These are the front-end and back-end ratios you may hear your mortgage lender talking about.

Front-end ratio (28%): At 28% or your income, a monthly housing payment from a monthly income of $4,166 should be no more than $1,166.

Back-end ratio (36%): To calculate the back-end, or debt-to-income ratio, add your debt together and divide it by your income. This includes the new mortgage payment. With monthly income at $4,166, your debts should be no more than $1,500 ($4,166*.36).

The 35/45 Rule: The 35/45 rule is a higher debt level your lender can elect to follow. It’s riskier for them and may come at a higher interest rate for you. This rule allows you housing payment to be 35% of your monthly income and 45% of your total debt-to-income ratio. With a monthly income of $4,166, the housing allowance (35% of your income) increases to $1,458 and the total monthly debt (45% of your income) increases to $1,875.

An easier way to calculate how much home you can afford is with a home affordability calculator.

Home Affordability Examples

Making $50,000 a year gives you around $4,166 to work with each month. Using the 36% debt-to-income ratio, you can have a maximum debt payments of $1,500 ($4,166 * .36). In the examples below, taxes ($2,500), insurance ($1,000), and interest rate (6%) remain the same for a 30-year loan term.

Example #1: High-debt Borrower
Monthly credit card debt: $200
Monthly car payment: $400
Student loan payment: $200
Total debt = $800

Down payment = $20,000

Maximum DTI ratio = $4,166 * .36 = $1,500
Maximum mortgage payment = $700 ($1,500 – $800)

Home budget = $88,107

Example #2: The Super Saver
Monthly credit card debt: $0
Monthly car payment: $200
Student loan payment: $0
Total debt = $200

Down payment: $20,000

Maximum DTI ratio = $4,166 * .36 = $1,500
Maximum mortgage payment = $1,300 ($1,500 – $200)

Home budget = $171,925

Recommended: Tips to Qualify for a Mortgage

How Your Monthly Payment Affects Your Price Range

Your monthly payment directly affects the mortgage you’re able to qualify for. The more monthly debts you have, the lower the mortgage you’ll be able to qualify for. That’s why it’s so important to take care of debts as soon as you can.

That’s also why it’s important to get the best interest rate you can. Shopping around for lenders and improving your credit score can both save you money and improve home affordability. A home loan help center is a good place to start the process of looking for a mortgage.

Types of Home Loans Available to $50K Households

How much home you can afford also comes down to the different types of mortgage loans. Here are some common options:

• FHA loans If your credit isn’t ideal, you may be able to secure a Federal Housing Administration mortgage. Though FHA loans are costlier, you can still be considered with a credit score as low as 500. FHA mortgage insurance, however, makes them more expensive than their alternatives.

• USDA loans If you’re in a rural area that is covered by United States Department of Agriculture loans, you’ll want to consider whether the low interest, no-down-loan will make sense for you.

• Conventional loans Conventional financing offers the most competitive interest rates and terms for mortgage applicants who qualify.

• VA loans If you have the option of financing with a U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs loan, with few exceptions, you’ll generally want to take it. It offers some of the most competitive rates, even for zero-down-payment loans. It also comes with no minimum credit score requirement, though the final say on whether or not you can get a loan with a low credit score is up to the individual lender.

💡 Quick Tip: Don’t have a lot of cash on hand for a down payment? The minimum down payment for an FHA mortgage loan is as low as 3.5%.1

The Takeaway

Your $50,000 salary is the first step in qualifying for the home mortgage loan you need to buy a house. To position yourself for the best possible borrowing scenario, consider paying down debt, working on your credit score, applying for down payment assistance, adding a co-borrower, or some combination of the above. With these moves, home affordability improves a great deal.

Looking for an affordable option for a home mortgage loan? SoFi can help: We offer low down payments (as little as 3% - 5%*) with our competitive and flexible home mortgage loans. Plus, applying is extra convenient: It's online, with access to one-on-one help.

SoFi Mortgages: simple, smart, and so affordable.

FAQ

Is $50K a good salary for a single person?

A $50,000 salary is good in terms of covering the cost of living in many parts of the U.S. and with proper budgeting it can even put you on the path to affording to purchase your own home.

What is a comfortable income for a single person?

A comfortable income for a single person could be at or above the median income for a single person, which is $56,929 according to data from the U.S. Census.

What is a liveable wage in 2024?

Your living wage depends on your local region, number of working household members, and children. For a single person living in Arizona, the average living wage is about $37,000. If the same person moved to California, an average of more than $44,000 would be needed, according to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s Living Wage Calculator.

What salary is considered rich for a single person?

A salary of $234,342 would put you in the top 5% of wage earners in the United States.

Photo credit: iStock/Tirachard

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

SoFi Mortgages
Terms, conditions, and state restrictions apply. Not all products are available in all states. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information.

*SoFi requires Private Mortgage Insurance (PMI) for conforming home loans with a loan-to-value (LTV) ratio greater than 80%. As little as 3% down payments are for qualifying first-time homebuyers only. 5% minimum applies to other borrowers. Other loan types may require different fees or insurance (e.g., VA funding fee, FHA Mortgage Insurance Premiums, etc.). Loan requirements may vary depending on your down payment amount, and minimum down payment varies by loan type.

^¹FHA loans are subject to unique terms and conditions established by FHA and SoFi. Ask your SoFi loan officer for details about eligibility, documentation, and other requirements. FHA loans require an Upfront Mortgage Insurance Premium (UFMIP), which may be financed or paid at closing, in addition to monthly Mortgage Insurance Premiums (MIP). Maximum loan amounts vary by county. The minimum FHA mortgage down payment is 3.5% for those who qualify financially for a primary purchase. SoFi is not affiliated with any government agency.
^†Veterans, Service members, and members of the National Guard or Reserve may be eligible for a loan guaranteed by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. VA loans are subject to unique terms and conditions established by VA and SoFi. Ask your SoFi loan officer for details about eligibility, documentation, and other requirements. VA loans typically require a one-time funding fee except as may be exempted by VA guidelines. The fee may be financed or paid at closing. The amount of the fee depends on the type of loan, the total amount of the loan, and, depending on loan type, prior use of VA eligibility and down payment amount. The VA funding fee is typically non-refundable. SoFi is not affiliated with any government agency.
Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

SOHL0124055

Feb

2024

I Make $36,000 a Year, How Much House Can I Afford?

By Alene Laney | Family Finances, Home Ownership, mortgage | Comments Off

On a salary of $36,000 per year, you can afford a house priced around $100,000-$110,000 with a monthly payment of just over $1,000. This assumes you have no other debts you’re paying off, but also that you haven’t been able to save much for a down payment.

Of course, you’ll want to talk to a lender for your individual situation, which could qualify you for more (or less). If it sounds overwhelming, don’t worry. We’ll walk you through what it takes to qualify for a home, no matter what your income level is.

What Kind of House Can I Afford With $36K a Year?

At a $36,000 annual income, you may need some help affording a home in today’s market. You’ll need to eliminate debt and make sure you have a good credit score, as well as find programs and lenders that can help. In addition to income and debt, your lender will take into account:

• Your down payment savings

• What taxes and insurance will cost

• What interest rate you qualify for

• The type of loan you’re applying for

• Whether or not they can let your debt run up to 50% of your income

First-time homebuyers can
prequalify for a SoFi mortgage loan,
with as little as 3% down.

Understanding Debt-to-income Ratio

Beyond interest rates, debt is your biggest enemy to home affordability. The more debt you have to pay on a monthly basis, the less you’re able to pay toward a mortgage. In other words, your $200 monthly credit card payment could cost you thousands on the purchase price of a home.

To understand the debt-to-income ratio (DTI), add all of your debts together, and then divide that number by your monthly income. Your lender calculates your DTI ratio to determine how much you can afford as a monthly payment on a mortgage. The guideline is 36%, but some lenders can go higher on a home mortgage loan.

💡 Quick Tip: To see a house in person, particularly in a tight or expensive market, you may need to show the real estate agent proof that you’re preapproved for a mortgage. SoFi’s online application makes the process simple.

How to Factor in Your Down Payment

A down payment increases how much home you’ll be able to qualify for. The more you’re able to put down, the more home you’ll be able to afford.

You’ll also want to consider whether you can put down a deposit of more than 20% so you don’t have to buy mortgage insurance. This may help you qualify for a higher mortgage. Use a mortgage calculator to see how a down payment affects home affordability.

Factors That Affect Home Affordability

Home affordability goes beyond your down payment and DTI ratio. You also want to look at:

• Interest rates When interest rates are high, borrowers qualify for a lower mortgage. When they’re low, it may be possible to qualify for a higher mortgage.

• Credit history and score Your credit score is a reflection of your credit habits, and with a higher credit score, you’ll qualify for the best interest rates, giving you more buying power.

• Taxes and insurance If you live in an area with higher taxes, insurance, or homeowners association dues, these will be taken into account by your lender. You’ll qualify for a lower mortgage amount when these numbers are high.

• Loan type Depending on the type of loan you get, your interest rate, credit score, and down payment amount can affect how much house you can afford.

• Lender Lenders have the final say when it comes to approving you for a mortgage. In special circumstances, you may be able to qualify for more than a 36% DTI ratio. Some lenders approve borrowers with a DTI ratio around 50%.

• Location If you’re shopping in a state with a high cost of living, you’ll have a hard time qualifying for a mortgage no matter what your income level is. If you’re considering other areas, you may want to look at the best affordable places to live in the U.S.

How to Afford More House With Down Payment Assistance

Down payment assistance programs can help you qualify for a larger mortgage. These types of programs have money to help with down payment or closing costs. They are usually offered at the state or local level with both grant and second mortgage programs. They may limit participation to first-time homebuyers or borrowers with lower incomes, but you should still look into these programs and see if you can qualify.

Examples include CalHFA MyHome Assistance Program and the “Home Sweet Texas” Home Loan Program. You can look for programs in your own state, county, and city.

Recommended: Tips to Qualify for a Mortgage

How to Calculate How Much House You Can Afford

Knowing how much home you are likely to qualify for doesn’t have to be a mystery. While your lender may have flexibility, they generally follow these guidelines:

The 28/36 Rule: Lenders will look for housing payments (including mortgage, taxes, and insurance) to be more more than 28% of your income and total debt payments (including mortgage, car loan, student loan, etc.) to be less than 36% of your income.

The 35/45 Rule: Some lenders allow for higher debt levels. This rule says the housing payment can be up to 35% of your income and total debt to be 45%.

An easy way to calculate how much home you can afford is with a home affordability calculator.

Home Affordability Examples

On a $36,000 annual salary, you’ll have $3,000 each month for expenses. Using the 36% debt-to-income ratio, you can have a maximum debt payments of $1,080 ($3,000 * .36). In the two examples below, taxes ($2,500), insurance ($1,000), and interest (6%) are the same for a 30-year loan term.

Example #1: Debt limits home affordability, even with large down payment

Monthly credit card debt: $100
Monthly car payment: $500
Student loan payment: $100
Total debt = $700

Down payment = $20,000

Maximum DTI ratio = $3,000 * .36 = $1,080
Maximum mortgage payment = $380 ($1,080 – $700)

Home budget on $36,000 salary = $34,733

Example #2: No down payment, but little debt

Monthly credit card debt: $0
Monthly car payment: $0
Student loan payment: $100
Total debt = $100

Down payment: $0

Maximum DTI ratio = $3,000 * .36 = $1,080
Maximum mortgage payment = $980 ($1,080 – $100)

Home budget on $36,000 salary = $96,314

How Your Monthly Payment Affects Your Price Range

The amount you’re able to pay toward a mortgage each month determines how much home you’ll be able to afford. Any monthly payments you have, such as debt, can take away from how much you’re able to pay for a mortgage. Conversely, how much income you earn in a month can improve how much mortgage you can qualify for.

Interest rates also play a huge role in your monthly payment. Higher interest rates mean you’ll qualify for a lower mortgage while lower interest rates improve home affordability. That’s why homeowners get a mortgage refinance when interest rates drop.

Recommended: Home Loan Help Center

Types of Home Loans Available to $36K Households

The different types of mortgage loans also affect home affordability. Some have a zero down payment option, flexible credit requirements, less expensive mortgage insurance, and varying interest rates. You’ll want to consult with your lender to determine what loan type of right for you.

• FHA loans: Loans backed by the Federal Housing Administration are great for buyers with unique credit situations that can’t get approved for conventional financing. It can be more expensive to go with an FHA loan, but there are low down payment options and flexible credit requirements for those with a score as low as 500.

• USDA loans: United States Department of Agriculture mortgages, available in rural areas, offer great interest rates, zero down payment options, and competitive mortgage insurance rates. Some USDA mortgages are directly serviced by USDA, and have a subsidized interest rate.

• Conventional loans: Many borrowers opt for conventional financing if they qualify. Over the course of a mortgage, this is one of the least expensive types due to competitive interest rates and mortgage insurance premiums that drop off after you pay down the loan past 80%.

• VA loans: A loan from the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs is hard to beat for service members, veterans, and others who qualify. You may be able to qualify for a home purchase price with no down payment. VA loans may have great interest rates and flexible credit requirements (depending on the lender).

💡 Quick Tip: Active duty service members who have served for at least 90 consecutive days are eligible for a VA loan. But so are many veterans, surviving spouses, and National Guard and Reserves members. It’s worth exploring with an online VA loan application because the low interest rates and other advantages of this loan can’t be beat.†

The Takeaway

Purchasing a home on a $36,000 salary is a feat you’ll need help with in a market where the U.S. median sale price tops $342,000. Whether it’s down payment assistance, paying down debt, nurturing your credit score, or adding income, there are a lot of moves you can make to bolster your home budget. In the end, when you move into a place that’s all yours, the hard work will be worth it.

SoFi Mortgages: simple, smart, and so affordable.

FAQ

Is $36K a good salary for a single person?

A single person can afford to live on $36,000 a year in more affordable places in the U.S., but it could still be difficult to afford to buy a home in today’s real estate market.

What is a comfortable income for a single person?

The median income for a single person is $56,929, according to data from the U.S. Census, but a comfortable income for a single person depends on your lifestyle.

What is a liveable wage in 2024?

What is livable varies greatly by location. For a single person living in San Francisco, a living wage is equivalent to $26.63 per hour. In other cities, it’s considerably less.

What salary is considered rich for a single person?

If you make more than $234,342 per year, you would make more than 95% of earners in the United States. But what feels “rich” is going to depend on your lifestyle and where you live.

Photo credit: iStock/mapodile

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

SoFi Mortgages
Terms, conditions, and state restrictions apply. Not all products are available in all states. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information.

*SoFi requires Private Mortgage Insurance (PMI) for conforming home loans with a loan-to-value (LTV) ratio greater than 80%. As little as 3% down payments are for qualifying first-time homebuyers only. 5% minimum applies to other borrowers. Other loan types may require different fees or insurance (e.g., VA funding fee, FHA Mortgage Insurance Premiums, etc.). Loan requirements may vary depending on your down payment amount, and minimum down payment varies by loan type.

^†Veterans, Service members, and members of the National Guard or Reserve may be eligible for a loan guaranteed by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. VA loans are subject to unique terms and conditions established by VA and SoFi. Ask your SoFi loan officer for details about eligibility, documentation, and other requirements. VA loans typically require a one-time funding fee except as may be exempted by VA guidelines. The fee may be financed or paid at closing. The amount of the fee depends on the type of loan, the total amount of the loan, and, depending on loan type, prior use of VA eligibility and down payment amount. The VA funding fee is typically non-refundable. SoFi is not affiliated with any government agency.
^¹FHA loans are subject to unique terms and conditions established by FHA and SoFi. Ask your SoFi loan officer for details about eligibility, documentation, and other requirements. FHA loans require an Upfront Mortgage Insurance Premium (UFMIP), which may be financed or paid at closing, in addition to monthly Mortgage Insurance Premiums (MIP). Maximum loan amounts vary by county. The minimum FHA mortgage down payment is 3.5% for those who qualify financially for a primary purchase. SoFi is not affiliated with any government agency.
Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

SOHL0124050

Feb

2024

I Make $300,000 a Year, How Much House Can I Afford?

By Kim Franke-Folstad | Family Finances, Home Ownership, mortgage | Comments Off

Even if you’re paying a student loan or car loan, a $300,000 annual income means you can likely afford a home priced around $925,000. An income of $300,000 a year is more than four times the U.S. median household income of $74,580, so it gives you a good head start. But there are several other variables that could affect your ability to purchase the home you want — including your down payment and credit history, current interest rates, and the location you want to be in. Let’s take a look at the breakdown of the factors that affect how much of a mortgage you can manage.

What Kind of House Can I Afford on a $300,000 Annual Income?

You can get a better idea of how much house you can afford on your $300,000 income by using an online mortgage calculator with taxes and insurance or by prequalifying with one or more lenders for a home mortgage loan. Or you can run the numbers yourself using a formula lenders often consider. The 28/36 rule says your mortgage payment shouldn’t be more than 28% of your monthly gross income, and your total monthly debt, including your mortgage payment, shouldn’t be more than 36% of your income.

Whether that’s doable in a housing market in which both home prices and interest rates remain stubbornly high may depend on several factors, including home values in your specific area and the different types of mortgage loans for which you can qualify. One of the most important factors is your debt-to-income ratio.

💡 Quick Tip: One answer to rising house prices is a jumbo loan. Apply for a jumbo loan online with SoFi, and you could finance up to $2.5 million with as little as 10% down. Get preapproved and you’ll be prepared to compete in a hot market.

First-time homebuyers can
prequalify for a SoFi mortgage loan,
with as little as 3% down.

Understanding Debt-to-Income Ratio

You can expect lenders to take a close look at your debt-to-income ratio (DTI) — the second number in the 28/36 rule — when they’re deciding how much mortgage you can afford. It tells them how you’re handling your current debt, and if you can take on more.

Your DTI is calculated by dividing your total monthly debt payments by your monthly gross income. Mortgage lenders generally look for a DTI of 36% or less; but depending on the lender and the type of home loan you’re hoping to get, you may be able to qualify with a DTI up to 43% or even 50%.

Typically, the lower your DTI, the better your borrowing options. So to get the optimum loan amount, and the best rate and terms, you’ll want to keep an eye on this number.

How Your Down Payment Affects Your Costs

You may not need a big down payment to qualify for a home loan. But the more you can comfortably put down on a house, the less you’ll have to borrow, which can help lower your monthly payments. A higher down payment also could get you a lower interest rate. And if you put down at least 20%, you can avoid paying private mortgage insurance (PMI), which will further reduce your payments.

Other Factors that Can Affect Affordability

You can expect your income, debt, and down payment to play a major part in determining how much house you can afford. But these factors also can impact your ability to qualify for a mortgage that’s manageable, including:

Interest Rates

Qualifying for a lower mortgage interest rate can help you reduce your monthly mortgage payment — and the amount you’ll pay for your home over time. Though rates may seem fairly consistent from one lender to the next, banks do compete for customers. So you may be able to improve your rate — at least a little bit — if you do some comparison shopping. You also can help your chances of qualifying for a better rate by ensuring that your finances are in good shape and that you have a solid credit score.

Loan Term

Depending on the type of mortgage you choose, you may be able to choose the length of your home loan, so it’s good to know the pros and cons of each. If you’re choosing between a 15-year vs. a 30-year mortgage, for example, the shorter term may offer a less expensive interest rate, which could save you money over the life of your loan. But a 30-year term, which is the most common mortgage length, generally will have lower monthly payments.

Homeowners Insurance

Homeowners insurance premiums can be an important consideration as you plan your purchase. If you live in an area that’s considered “high-risk,” the cost — which is based in part on your home’s value — could be significant. Your costs also could increase if you need additional coverage, such as a flood or earthquake policy.

Most lenders require borrowers to have an adequate amount of coverage, so understanding how to buy homeowners insurance and comparing the policies and premiums can help you cut this expense.

Property Taxes

Property taxes, which are generally based on the assessed value of a home, are often included in a borrower’s monthly mortgage payment. The percentage you’ll be assessed can differ from state to state, and even county to county, so it’s important to include this amount whenever you calculate the affordability of a potential home purchase.

HOA Fees

Before you decide to buy a home, it’s a good idea to see if the community is governed by a homeowners association (HOA) and, if so, what the fees might be. Though the average is about $250 per month, fees can go as high as $2,500 per month or more.

Location

Home prices are typically higher in cities vs. rural areas, and the overall cost of living can vary by state. It also can be more expensive to purchase a home in a popular or established neighborhood, or in a well-rated school district.

How Down Payment Assistance Can Help with Home Affordability

At $300,000 in yearly income, you likely have the means to manage a higher monthly payment but you need some help with your down payment. It’s worth looking for a down payment assistance program that can help.

Though many assistance programs set limits on how much an eligible home can cost, or on the homebuyer’s income, it may be worth researching what’s available — especially if you live in a state with higher home prices. In California, for example, where the average home value is currently $743,435, there are counties where a first-time homebuyer with a $300,000 income still may qualify for assistance.

Home Affordability Examples

An online home affordability calculator can give you an idea of how much house you can afford on your income. All you have to do is plug in some basic information about your salary, savings, debt, and the home you hope to buy. Here are some hypothetical examples:

Example #1: Saver with Some Debt

Though Jan has been working for several years, she’s still paying off some student debt. She also has a car payment, and she uses a couple of credit cards that she usually pays off each month.

Gross annual income: $300,000
Amount available for down payment: $70,000
Monthly debt: $1,500
Mortgage rate: 6.5%
Property tax rate: 1.125%
House budget: $990,000

Example #2: Spends Less, But Also Saved Less

Ian’s car and student loans are paid off (thanks Mom and Dad!), and he doesn’t put much on his credit cards. He and Jan have similar credit ratings, and they’re looking in the same area. But Ian hasn’t managed to save as much for a down payment, which might affect what he can afford.

Gross annual income: $300,000
Amount available for down payment: $30,000
Monthly debt: $800
Mortgage rate: 6.5
Property tax rate: 1.125%
House budget: $925,000

3 Ways You Can Calculate How Much House You Can Afford

Along with using an online calculator to figure out how much house you might be able to afford on a $300,000 income, you also can run the numbers on your own. Some different calculations include:

The 28/36 Rule

We’ve already covered the 28/36 rule, which combines two factors that lenders typically look at to determine home affordability: income and debt. The first number sets a limit of 28% of gross income as a homebuyer’s maximum total mortgage payment, including principal, interest, taxes, and insurance. The second number limits the mortgage payment plus any other debts to no more than 36% of gross income.

Here’s an example: If your gross annual income is $300,000, that’s $25,000 per month. So with the 28/36 rule, you could aim for a monthly mortgage payment of about $7,000 — as long as your total debt (including car payment, credit cards, etc.) isn’t more than $9,000 per month.

The 35/45 Model

Another DIY calculation is the 35/45 method, which recommends spending no more than 35% of your gross income on your mortgage and debt, and no more than 45% of your after-tax income on your mortgage and debt.

Here’s an example: Let’s say your gross monthly income is $25,000 and your after-tax income is about $18,500. In this scenario, you might spend between $8,325 and $8,750 per month on your debt payments and mortgage combined. This calculation can offer a bit more flexibility with the amount of your mortgage payment, as long as you aren’t overburdened with other types of debt.

💡 Quick Tip: Lowering your monthly payments with a mortgage refinance from SoFi can help you find money to pay down other debt, build your rainy-day fund, or put more into your 401(k).

The 25% After-Tax Rule

If you’re worried about reining in your spending, or you have other goals you’re working toward, this calculation may be useful, because it offers a more conservative result. With this method, your target is to spend no more than 25% of your after-tax income on your mortgage.

Here’s an example: Let’s say you make $18,500 a month after taxes. With this method, you would plan to spend $4,625 on your mortgage payments.

Keep in mind that these equations can only give you a rough idea of how much you can spend. When you want to be more definite about the home price and monthly payments you can afford, it helps to go through the mortgage preapproval process.

How Your Monthly Payment Impacts the Loan You Can Manage

Some homebuyers may prioritize the overall price of a home or the interest rate they can get. But it’s how those factors and others combine to raise or reduce the monthly payments that may ultimately determine whether you can afford the home or not.Before signing on the dotted line, it’s a good idea to run the numbers on an online mortgage calculator to be confident you won’t stretch yourself too thin.

If you do find yourself struggling a bit — perhaps because your income changes or some other unexpected life change occurs — a mortgage refinance might help you lower your monthly payment (especially if interest rates drop).

Types of Home Loans Available to $300,000 Households

A $300,000 income can help a buyer qualify for multiple mortgage options, including conventional or jumbo loans. But it also could make you ineligible for a government-backed loan that has income limits. There also may be limits on the purchase price and type of property you hope to purchase, depending on the mortgage you get.

Here are a few of the options available to $300,000-income households:

Conventional Loans

A conventional loan is issued by a private lender, such as a bank, credit union or other financial institution. There are two types of conventional loans:

• A conforming loan must abide by Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) standards that apply to a borrower’s credit, debt load, and the loan size. (For 2024, the conforming loan limit is $766,550 in most areas and $1,149,825 in higher-cost areas.)

• Nonconforming loans are loans that don’t meet one or more of the federal standards. A jumbo loan, though technically a conventional loan, is considered nonconforming because it exceeds the loan limit.

Government-Backed Loans

A government-backed mortgage is a home loan that’s insured by an agency of the federal government. There are three main types of government-backed loans:

• FHA loans are insured by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA), and you may be able to qualify for this type of loan even if you have a lower credit score or a lower down payment. There are no limits on how much you can earn and get an FHA loan, but there are limits on how much you can borrow depending on where you plan to reside.

• VA loans, which are guaranteed by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, are for eligible members of the U.S. military and surviving spouses. There are no income limits for VA loan buyers, and there are no longer standard loan limits on VA direct or VA-backed home loans.

Recommended: 2024 Home Loan Help Center

The Takeaway

There are several factors that can go into determining how much home you can afford. Besides your income, you can expect lenders to look at your credit, your debt, and your down payment to decide how much you can borrow.

To find a loan and monthly payment that’s a good fit for you, it’s a good idea to research and compare different loan types and amounts. And, if you have questions, you can always seek advice from a qualified mortgage professional.

SoFi Mortgages: simple, smart, and so affordable.

FAQ

Is $300,000 a good salary for a single person?

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, only 11.5% of households earned $200,000 or more in 2022. So if you’re earning $300,000 all on your own, your salary isn’t just good, it’s great.

What is a comfortable income for a single person?

“Comfortable” varies widely from one person to the next but one way to feel comfortable is to set financial goals and then chip away at achieving them.

What is a livable wage in 2024?

The Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s Living Wage Calculator calculates living costs across the U.S., and the “livable wage” varies widely based on family size and location. For a single person with no children in Honolulu County, Hawaii, for instance, the living wage is $22.76 per hour. In Marion County, Alabama, it’s $14.80 per hour.

What salary is considered rich for a single person?

According to the Economic Policy Institute, in 2021, the top 5% of earners made, on average, $335,891. (If you consider only the top 1% to be “rich,” you’d have to earn $819,324 or more.)

Photo credit: iStock/svetikd

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

SoFi Mortgages
Terms, conditions, and state restrictions apply. Not all products are available in all states. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information.

*SoFi requires Private Mortgage Insurance (PMI) for conforming home loans with a loan-to-value (LTV) ratio greater than 80%. As little as 3% down payments are for qualifying first-time homebuyers only. 5% minimum applies to other borrowers. Other loan types may require different fees or insurance (e.g., VA funding fee, FHA Mortgage Insurance Premiums, etc.). Loan requirements may vary depending on your down payment amount, and minimum down payment varies by loan type.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Tax Information: This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or tax advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or tax advice.

^¹FHA loans are subject to unique terms and conditions established by FHA and SoFi. Ask your SoFi loan officer for details about eligibility, documentation, and other requirements. FHA loans require an Upfront Mortgage Insurance Premium (UFMIP), which may be financed or paid at closing, in addition to monthly Mortgage Insurance Premiums (MIP). Maximum loan amounts vary by county. The minimum FHA mortgage down payment is 3.5% for those who qualify financially for a primary purchase. SoFi is not affiliated with any government agency.
^†Veterans, Service members, and members of the National Guard or Reserve may be eligible for a loan guaranteed by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. VA loans are subject to unique terms and conditions established by VA and SoFi. Ask your SoFi loan officer for details about eligibility, documentation, and other requirements. VA loans typically require a one-time funding fee except as may be exempted by VA guidelines. The fee may be financed or paid at closing. The amount of the fee depends on the type of loan, the total amount of the loan, and, depending on loan type, prior use of VA eligibility and down payment amount. The VA funding fee is typically non-refundable. SoFi is not affiliated with any government agency.

SOHL0124057

Guide to Estimated Tax Payments

What Are Estimated Tax Payments?

Get up to $300 when you bank with SoFi.

How Do Estimated Tax Payments Work?

Who Needs to Pay Estimated Tax Payments?

Pros and Cons of Estimated Taxes

Figuring Out How Much Estimated Taxes You Owe

Paying Your Estimated Taxes

The Takeaway

FAQ

What happens if I don’t pay estimated taxes?

What if you haven’t paid enough in estimated tax payments?

How often do you pay estimated taxes?

What Is a W-2?

Parts of a W-2

Get up to $300 when you bank with SoFi.

Who Receives a W-2?

When to Expect a W-2

The Connection Between a W-2 and a W-4

Are You an Employer?

Having Your Paperwork in Order

Tips for Filling Out a W-2

The Takeaway

FAQ

What happens if the W-2 that I received is wrong?

How much money do I need to make in order to get a W-2?

What is the difference between a 1099 and a W-2?

What should I do if I have not received my W-2 yet?

I Make $50,000 a Year, How Much House Can I Afford?

What Kind of House Can I Afford With $50K a Year?

First-time homebuyers can prequalify for a SoFi mortgage loan, with as little as 3% down.

Understanding Debt-to-income Ratio

How to Factor in Your Down Payment

Factors That Affect Home Affordability

How to Afford More House With Down Payment Assistance

How to Calculate How Much House You Can Afford

Home Affordability Examples

How Your Monthly Payment Affects Your Price Range

Types of Home Loans Available to $50K Households

The Takeaway

FAQ

Is $50K a good salary for a single person?

What is a comfortable income for a single person?

What is a liveable wage in 2024?

What salary is considered rich for a single person?

I Make $36,000 a Year, How Much House Can I Afford?

What Kind of House Can I Afford With $36K a Year?

First-time homebuyers can prequalify for a SoFi mortgage loan, with as little as 3% down.

Understanding Debt-to-income Ratio

How to Factor in Your Down Payment

Factors That Affect Home Affordability

How to Afford More House With Down Payment Assistance

How to Calculate How Much House You Can Afford

Home Affordability Examples

Example #1: Debt limits home affordability, even with large down payment

Example #2: No down payment, but little debt

How Your Monthly Payment Affects Your Price Range

Types of Home Loans Available to $36K Households

The Takeaway

FAQ

Is $36K a good salary for a single person?

What is a comfortable income for a single person?

What is a liveable wage in 2024?

What salary is considered rich for a single person?

I Make $300,000 a Year, How Much House Can I Afford?

What Kind of House Can I Afford on a $300,000 Annual Income?

First-time homebuyers can prequalify for a SoFi mortgage loan, with as little as 3% down.

Understanding Debt-to-Income Ratio

How Your Down Payment Affects Your Costs

Other Factors that Can Affect Affordability

Interest Rates

Loan Term

Homeowners Insurance

Property Taxes

HOA Fees

Location

How Down Payment Assistance Can Help with Home Affordability

Home Affordability Examples

3 Ways You Can Calculate How Much House You Can Afford

The 28/36 Rule

First-time homebuyers can
prequalify for a SoFi mortgage loan,
with as little as 3% down.

First-time homebuyers can
prequalify for a SoFi mortgage loan,
with as little as 3% down.

First-time homebuyers can
prequalify for a SoFi mortgage loan,
with as little as 3% down.

Student Loan
Refinancing

Personal
Loans

Online
Investments