If you rent, rather than own, your home, you’re off the hook for homeowners insurance. But you may still need or want renters insurance, which can help cover your assets in the event of a calamity.
Like all other forms of insurance coverage, choosing a renters insurance policy involves choosing a deductible, which will have an effect on your overall policy cost.
Let’s learn more about how a renters insurance deductible works and how to choose one that’s right for your circumstances.
What Is a Renters Insurance Deductible?
If you have renters insurance and wind up needing to file a claim, the insurance company will still expect you to pay some of the cost. That out-of-pocket expense is called your deductible, and is separate from the premium you pay on a regular basis to keep the policy active.
For example, say you have a renters insurance policy that covers up to $20,000 worth of your belongings in the event of a covered loss. If your deductible is a flat $500, you’d pay $500, and the insurance company would pay $19,500 toward replacing your belongings.
Your deductible might also be calculated as a percentage of your property coverage. So in this example, if your deductible is 2%, you’d pay $400 (2% of $20,000) and the insurer would pay out $19,600.
Your premium, on the other hand, is the amount you pay monthly or annually in order to support the policy. In the case of renters insurance, that might be about $200 a year, or around $20 or less a month.
💡 Quick Tip: Online renters insurance can cover your belongings not just at home but also in your car and on vacation.
Choosing a Renters Insurance Deductible
You may be happy to know that you have some agency when it comes to choosing your renters insurance deductible. While many policies offer flat deductible options of either $500 or $1,000, certain companies do offer lower or higher amounts. Occasionally, you may even find a program available with a $0 or 0% deductible, which means you wouldn’t pay anything out of pocket if you were to make a claim.
Paying less during a time of loss probably sounds like an unmitigated good thing. But there is a bit of a catch. Generally speaking, the lower your deductible, the higher your premium, which means you’re paying more on a regular basis for a benefit you might get if a loss occurs.
On the other hand, if you hedge your bets and go for a high deductible, your regular premium payments will be lower — but you’ll be on the hook for a lot more if you do need to file a claim.
How Does Your Renters Insurance Deductible Affect Your Premiums?
While the inverse relationship between deductibles and premiums is fairly standard, other factors do play into your specific renters insurance costs.
For example, your insurer may cut you a break if you have certain security equipment installed, such as an alarm system or smoke alarm. On the other hand, if you live in what’s deemed a high-risk area or your credit score could use some work, your available coverage options may be more expensive, even if you choose a high deductible.
Renters Insurance by State
Because different states have different risk levels, both for criminal activity and natural damage, the average cost of renters insurance varies depending on what state you’re in. Here are the average monthly renters insurance premiums by state, per data from the Zebra:
• Alabama: $23
• Alaska: $15
• Arizona: $20
• Arkansas: $26
• California: $18
• Colorado: $17
• Connecticut: $24
• Delaware: $21
• District of Columbia: $20
• Florida: $21
• Georgia: $22
• Hawaii: $20
• Idaho: $16
• Illinois: $20
• Indiana: $28
• Iowa: $14
• Kansas: $21
• Kentucky: $17
• Louisiana: $38
• Maine: $12
• Maryland: $19
• Massachusetts: $18
• Michigan: $22
• Minnesota: $13
• Mississippi: $26
• Missouri: $24
• Montana: $19
• Nebraska: $16
• Nevada: $17
• New Hampshire: $14
• New Jersey: $19
• New Mexico: $19
• New York: $26
• North Carolina: $23
• North Dakota: $13
• Ohio: $18
• Oklahoma: $23
• Oregon: $16
• Pennsylvania: $19
• Rhode Island: $24
• South Carolina: $18
• South Dakota: $14
• Tennessee: $19
• Texas: $32
• Utah: $14
• Vermont: $9
• Virginia: $18
• Washington: $14
• West Virginia: $24
• Wisconsin: $14
• Wyoming: $11
Keep in mind that your specific monthly price will vary further based on your city and even your neighborhood, as well as many other factors. Check with your insurer for actual insurance premium prices available to you.
Renters insurance can be a truly valuable tool if you suffer a loss as a renter. While it doesn’t cover the structure of your home the way homeowners insurance does — the building’s owner is responsible for those costs — renters insurance does cover your belongings in case of damage or theft. It also covers personal liability costs in the event that someone is injured while at your home and sues you.
Some landlords require renters insurance, while others don’t. But for most renters, it’s a good idea to at least consider it, especially since it’s usually pretty affordable. (Many renters insurance programs cost less than $200 per year or about $15 to $20 monthly.)
Do keep in mind that renters insurance, like all types of insurance coverage, doesn’t cover everything.
What Does Renters Insurance Cover?
Generally, renters insurance offers coverage in the following four categories:
• Personal property: This covers your possessions.
• Personal liability: This would take care of the medical or legal fees you might incur if someone is hurt while at your home.
• Loss-of-use or additional living expenses: This covers the money you’d need to spend to find yourself a place to stay and food to eat if your home was, for some reason, rendered unlivable.
• Additional coverages: These may be purchased to cover items and services that wouldn’t otherwise be eligible for coverage on your policy (such as lock replacement).
Keep in mind also that certain high-value categories of items may have coverage limits, though these can often be exceeded if you purchase a separate rider or endorsement for them. These categories may include cash, jewelry, watchers, fur clothing, and firearms.
💡 Quick Tip: It’s important to create an inventory of your personal possessions in case you ever need to file a renters insurance claim. One easy way to do that is to walk through your home and photograph all your belongings — especially anything of value.
The Takeaway
Renters insurance is a kind of insurance that can cover your belongings and personal liability if you’re a renter. Like other forms of insurance, a deductible likely applies. The lower the deductible you choose, the higher your premium is likely to be.
While insurance isn’t anyone’s favorite bill to pay, it’s the kind of thing you’re grateful for when you do turn out to need it.
Looking to protect your belongings? SoFi has partnered with Lemonade to offer renters insurance. Policies are easy to understand and apply for, with instant quotes available. Prices start at just $5 per month.
Explore renters insurance options offered through SoFi via Experian.
Photo credit: iStock/Edwin Tan
Auto Insurance: Must have a valid driver’s license. Not available in all states.
Home and Renters Insurance: Insurance not available in all states.
Experian is a registered trademark of Experian.
SoFi Insurance Agency, LLC. (“”SoFi””) is compensated by Experian for each customer who purchases a policy through the SoFi-Experian partnership.
Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.
Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.
By Janet Siroto |
Insurance |
Comments Off on How Much Auto Insurance Do I Really Need?
Figuring out just how much car insurance you really need can be a challenge.
At minimum, you’ll want to make sure you have enough car insurance to meet the requirements of your state or the lender who’s financing your car. Beyond that, there’s coverage you might want to add to those required amounts. These policies will help ensure that you’re adequately protecting yourself, your family, and your assets. And then there’s the coverage that actually fits within your budget.
We know it may not be a fun topic to think about what would happen if you were involved in a car accident, but given that well over five million drivers are involved in one every year, it’s a priority to get coverage. Finding a car insurance policy that checks all those boxes may take a bit of research — and possibly some compromise. Here are some of the most important factors to consider.
How Much Car Insurance Is Required by Your State?
A good launching pad for researching how much car insurance you need is to check what your state requires by law. Only two states do not require a car owner to carry some amount of insurance: New Hampshire and Virginia. If you live elsewhere, find out how much and what types of coverage a policyholder must have. Typically, there are options available. Once you’ve found this information, consider it the bare minimum to purchase.
💡 Quick Tip: Saving money on your fixed costs isn’t always easy. One exception is auto insurance. Shopping around for a better deal really can pay off.
Types of Car Insurance Coverage
As you dig into the topic, you’ll hear a lot of different terms used to describe the various kinds of coverage that are offered. Let’s take a closer look here:
Liability Coverage
Most states require drivers to carry auto liability insurance. What it does: It helps pay the cost of damages to others involved in an accident if it’s determined you were at fault.
Let’s say you were to cause an accident, whether that means rear-ending a car or backing into your neighbor’s fence while pulling out of a shared driveway. Your insurance would pay for the other driver’s repairs, medical bills, lost wages, and other related costs. What it wouldn’t pay for: Your costs or the costs relating to passengers in your car.
Each state sets its own minimum requirements for this liability coverage. For example, in California, drivers must carry at least $15,000 in coverage for the injury/death of one person, $30,000 for injury/death to more than one person, and $5,000 for damage to property. The shorthand for this, in terms of shopping for car insurance, would be that you have 15/30/5 coverage.
But in Maryland, the amounts are much higher: $30,000 in bodily injury liability per person, $60,000 in bodily injury liability per accident (if there are multiple injuries), and $15,000 in property damage liability per accident. (That would be 30/60/15 coverage.)
And some may want to go beyond what the state requires. If you carry $15,000 worth of property damage liability coverage, for example, and you get in an accident that causes $25,000 worth of damage to someone else’s car, your insurance company will only pay the $15,000 policy limit. You’d be expected to come up with the remaining $10,000.
Generally, recommendations suggest you purchase as much as you could lose if a lawsuit were filed against you and you lost. In California, some say that you may want 250/500/100 in coverage – much more than the 15/30/5 mandated by law.
Collision insurance pays to repair or replace your vehicle if it’s damaged in an accident with another car that was your fault. It will also help pay for repairs if, say, you hit an inanimate object, be it a fence, tree, guardrail, building, dumpster, pothole, or anything else.
If you have a car loan or lease, you’ll need collision coverage. If, however, your car is paid off or isn’t worth much, you may decide you don’t need collision coverage. For instance, if your car is old and its value is quite low, is it worth paying for this kind of premium, which can certainly add up over the years?
But if you depend on your vehicle and you can’t afford to replace it, or you can’t afford to pay out of pocket for damages, collision coverage may well be worth having. You also may want to keep your personal risk tolerance in mind when considering collision coverage. If the cost of even a minor fender bender makes you nervous, this kind of insurance could help you feel a lot more comfortable when you get behind the wheel.
Comprehensive Coverage
When you drive, you know that unexpected events happen. A pebble can hit your windshield as you drive on the highway and cause a crack. A tree branch can go flying in a storm and put a major dent in your car. Comprehensive insurance covers these events and more. It’s a policy that pays for physical damage to your car that doesn’t happen in a collision, including theft, vandalism, a broken window, weather damage, or even hitting a deer or some other animal.
If you finance or lease your car, your lender will probably require it. But even if you own your car outright, you may want to consider comprehensive coverage. The cost of including it in your policy could be relatively small compared to what it would take to repair or replace your car if it’s damaged or stolen.
Personal Injury Protection and Medical Payments Coverage
Several states require Personal Injury Protection (PIP) or Medical Payments coverage (MedPay for short). This is typically part of the state’s no-fault auto insurance laws, which say that if a policyholder is injured in a crash, that person’s insurance pays for their medical care, regardless of who caused the accident.
While these two types of medical coverage help pay for medical expenses that you and any passengers in your car sustain in an accident, there is a difference. MedPay pays for medical expenses only, and is often available only in small increments, up to $5,000. PIP may also cover loss of income, funeral expenses, and other costs. The amount required varies hugely depending on where you live. For instance, in Utah, it’s $3,000 per person coverage; in New York, it’s $50,000 per person.
Uninsured/Underinsured Motorist Coverage
Despite the fact that the vast majority of states require car insurance, there are lots of uninsured drivers out there. The number of them on the road can range from one in eight to one in five! In addition, there are people on the road who have the bare minimum of coverage, which may not be adequate when accidents occur.
For these reasons, you may want to take out Uninsured Motorist (UM) or Underinsured Motorist (UIM) coverage. Many states require these policies, which are designed to protect you if you’re in an accident with a motorist who has little or no insurance. In states that require this type of coverage, the minimums are generally set at about $25,000 per person and $50,000 per accident. But the exact amounts vary from state to state. And you may choose to carry this coverage even if it isn’t required in your state.
If you’re seriously injured in an accident caused by a driver who doesn’t carry liability car insurance, uninsured motorist coverage could help you and your passengers avoid paying some scary-high medical bills.
Let’s take a quick look at some terms you may see if you shop for this kind of coverage:
Uninsured motorist bodily injury coverage (UMBI)
This kind of policy covers your medical bills, lost wages, as well as pain and suffering after an accident when the other driver is not insured. Additionally, it provides coverage for those costs if any passengers were in your vehicle when the accident occurred.
With this kind of policy, your insurer will pay for repairs to your car plus other property if someone who doesn’t carry insurance is responsible for an accident. Some policies in certain states may also provide coverage if you’re involved in a hit-and-run incident.
Underinsured motorist coverage (UIM)
Let’s say you and a passenger get into an accident that’s the other driver’s fault, and the medical bills total $20,000…but the person responsible is only insured for $15,000. A UIM policy would step in and pay the difference to help you out.
Guaranteed Auto Protection (GAP) Insurance
Here’s another kind of insurance to consider: GAP insurance, which recognizes that cars can quickly depreciate in value and helps you manage that. For example, if your car were stolen or totaled in an accident (though we hope that never happens), GAP coverage will pay the difference between what its actual value is (say, $5,000) and what you still owe on your auto loan or lease (for example, $10,000).
GAP insurance is optional and generally requires that you add it onto a full coverage auto insurance policy. In some instances, this coverage may be rolled in with an auto lease.
Non-Owner Coverage
You may think you don’t need car insurance if you don’t own a car. (Maybe you take public transportation or ride your bike most of the time.) But if you still plan to drive occasionally — when you travel and rent a car, for example, or you sometimes borrow a friend’s car — a non-owner policy can provide liability coverage for any bodily injury or property damage you cause.
The insurance policy on the car you’re driving will probably be considered the “primary” coverage, which means it will kick in first. Then your non-owner policy could be used for costs that are over the limits of the primary policy.
Rideshare Coverage
If you drive for a ridesharing service like Uber or Lyft, you may want to consider adding rideshare coverage to your personal automobile policy.
Rideshare companies are required by law in some states to provide commercial insurance for drivers who are using their personal cars — but that coverage could be limited. (For example, it may not cover the time when a driver is waiting for a ride request but hasn’t actually picked up a passenger.) This coverage could fill the gaps between your personal insurance policy and any insurance provided by the ridesharing service. Whether you are behind the wheel occasionally or full-time, it’s probably worth exploring.
Car insurance is an important layer of protection; it helps safeguard your financial wellbeing in the case of an accident. Given how much most Americans drive – around 14,000 miles or more a year – it’s likely a valuable investment.
What If You Don’t Have Car Insurance?
There can be serious penalties for driving a car without valid insurance. Let’s take a look at a few scenarios: If an officer pulls you over and you can’t prove you have the minimum coverage required in your state, you could get a ticket. Your license could be suspended. What’s more, the officer might have your car towed away from the scene.
That’s a relatively minor inconvenience. Consider that if you’re in a car accident, the penalties for driving without insurance could be far more significant. If you caused the incident, you may be held personally responsible for paying any damages to others involved; one recent report found the average bodily injury claim totaled more than $24,000. And even if you didn’t cause the accident, the amount you can recover from the at-fault driver may be restricted.
If that convinces you of the value of auto insurance (and we hope it does), you may see big discrepancies in the amounts of coverage. For example, there may be a tremendous difference between the amount you have to have, how much you think you should have to feel secure, and what you can afford.
That’s why it can help to know what your state and your lender might require as a starting point. Keep in mind that having car insurance isn’t just about getting your car — or someone else’s — fixed or replaced. (Although that — and the fact that it’s illegal to not have insurance — may be motivation enough to at least get basic car insurance coverage.)
Having the appropriate levels of coverage can also help you protect all your other assets — your home, business, savings, etc. — if you’re in a catastrophic accident and the other parties involved decide to sue you to pay their bills. And let us emphasize: Your state’s minimum liability requirements may not be enough to cover those costs — and you could end up paying the difference out of pocket, which could have a huge impact on your finances.
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Finding the Best Car Insurance for You
If you’re convinced of the value of getting car insurance, the next step is to decide on the right policy for you. Often, the question on people’s minds is, “How can I balance getting the right coverage at an affordable price?”
What’s the Right Amount of Car Insurance Coverage for You?
To get a ballpark figure in mind, consider these numbers:
Type of Coverage
Basic
Good
Excellent
Liability
Your state’s minimum
• $100,000/person for bodily injury liability
◦ $300,000/ accident for bodily injury liability
◦ $100,000 for property damage
• $250,000/person for bodily injury liability
◦ $500,000/ accident for bodily injury liability
◦ $250,000 for property damage
Collision
Not required
Recommended
Recommended
Comprehensive
Not required
Recommended
Recommended
Personal Injury Protection (PIP)
Your state’s minimum
$40,000
Your state’s maximum
Uninsured and Underinsured Motorist (UM, UIM) Coverage
Your state’s minimum
• $100,000/person for bodily injury liability
◦ $300,000/ accident for bodily injury liability
• $250,000/person for bodily injury liability
◦ $500,000/ accident for bodily injury liability
Here are some points to consider that will help you get the best policy for you.
Designing a Policy that Works for You
Your insurance company will probably offer several coverage options, and you may be able to build a policy around what you need based on your lifestyle. For example, if your car is paid off and worth only a few thousand dollars, you may choose to opt out of collision insurance in order to get more liability coverage.
Choosing a Deductible
Your deductible is the amount you might have to pay out personally before your insurance company begins paying any damages. Let’s say your car insurance policy has a $500 deductible, and you hit a guardrail on the highway when you swerve to avoid a collision. If the damage was $2,500, you would pay the $500 deductible and your insurer would pay for the other $2,000 in repairs. (Worth noting: You may have two different deductibles when you hold an auto insurance policy — one for comprehensive coverage and one for collision.)
Just as with your health insurance, your insurance company will likely offer you a lower premium if you choose to go with a higher deductible ($1,000 instead of $500, for example). Also, you typically pay this deductible every time you file a claim. It’s not like the situation with some health insurance policies, in which you satisfy a deductible once a year.
If you have savings or some other source of money you could use for repairs, you might be able to go with a higher deductible and save on your insurance payments. But if you aren’t sure where the money would come from in a pinch, it may make sense to opt for a lower deductible.
Checking the Costs of Added Coverage
As you assess how much coverage to get, here’s some good news: Buying twice as much liability coverage won’t necessarily double the price of your premium. You may be able to manage more coverage than you think. Before settling for a bare-bones policy, it can help to check on what it might cost to increase your coverage. This information is often easily available online, via calculator tools, rather than by spending time on the phone with a salesperson.
Finding Discounts that Could Help You Save
Some insurers (including SoFi Protect) reward safe drivers or “good drivers” with lower premiums. If you have a clean driving record, free of accidents and claims, you are a low risk for your insurer and they may extend you a discount.
Another way to save: Bundling car and home insurance is another way to cut costs. Look for any discounts or packages that would help you save.
💡 Quick Tip: If your car is paid off and worth only a few thousand dollars, consider updating your car insurance: You might choose to opt out of collision coverage and double down on liability.
The Takeaway
Buying car insurance is an important step in protecting yourself in case of an accident or theft. It’s not just about repairing or replacing your vehicle. It’s also about ensuring that medical fees and lost wages are protected – and securing your assets if there were ever a lawsuit filed against you.
These are potentially life-altering situations, so it’s worth spending a bit of time on the few key steps that will help you get the right coverage at the right price. It begins with knowing what your state or your car-loan lender requires. Then, you’ll review the different kinds of policies and premiums available. Put these pieces together, and you’ll find the insurance that best suits your needs and budget.
When you’re ready to shop for auto insurance, SoFi can help. Our online auto insurance comparison tool lets you see quotes from a network of top insurance providers within minutes, saving you time and hassle.
SoFi brings you real rates, with no bait and switch.
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Auto Insurance: Must have a valid driver’s license. Not available in all states.
Home and Renters Insurance: Insurance not available in all states.
Experian is a registered trademark of Experian.
SoFi Insurance Agency, LLC. (“”SoFi””) is compensated by Experian for each customer who purchases a policy through the SoFi-Experian partnership.
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Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.
After decades of saving for retirement, many new retirees often find themselves facing a new challenge: Determining how much money they can take out of their retirement account each year without running the risk of depleting their nest egg too quickly.
One popular rule of thumb is “the 4% rule.” What is the 4% rule? Learn more about the rule and how it works.
What Is the 4% Rule for Retirement Withdrawals?
The 4% rule suggests that retirees withdraw 4% from their retirement savings the year they retire, and adjust that dollar amount each year going forward for inflation. Based on historical data, the idea is that the 4% rule should allow retirees to cover their expenses for 30 years.
The rule is intended to give retirees some planning guidance about retirement withdrawals. The 4% rule may also help provide them with a sense of how much money they need for retirement.
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How to Calculate the 4% Rule
To calculate the 4% rule, add up all of your retirement investments and savings and then withdraw 4% of the total in your first year of retirement. Each year after that, you increase or decrease the amount, based on inflation.
For example, if you have $1 million in retirement savings, you would withdraw 4% of that, or $40,000, in your first year of retirement. If inflation rises 3% the next year, you would increase the amount you withdraw by 3% to $41,200.
Drawbacks of the 4% Rule
While the 4% rule is simple to understand and calculate, it’s also a rigid plan that doesn’t fit every investor’s individual situation. Here are some of the disadvantages of the 4% rule to consider.
It doesn’t allow for flexibility
The 4% rule assumes you will spend the same amount in each year of retirement. It doesn’t make allowances for lifestyle changes or retirement expenses that may be higher or lower from year to year, such as medical bills.
The 4% rule assumes that your retirement will be 30 years
In reality an individual’s retirement may be shorter or longer than 30 years, depending on what age they retire, their health, and so on. If someone’s life expectancy goes beyond 30 years post-retirement they could find themselves running out of money.
It’s based on a specific portfolio composition
The 4% rule applies to a portfolio of 50% stocks and 50% bonds. Portfolios with different investments of varying percentages would likely have different results, depending on that portfolio’s risk level.
It assumes that your retirement savings will last for 30 years
Again, depending on the assets in your portfolio, and how aggressive or conservative your investments have been, your portfolio may not last a full 30 years. Or it could last longer than 30 years. The 4% rule doesn’t adjust for this.
4% may be too conservative
Some financial professionals believe that the 4% rule is too conservative, as long as the U.S. doesn’t experience a significant economic depression. Because of that, retirees may be too frugal with their retirement funds and not necessarily live life as fully as they could.
Others say the rule doesn’t take into account any other sources of income retirees may have, such as Social Security, company pensions, or an inheritance.
How Can I Tailor the 4% Rule to Fit My Needs?
You don’t have to strictly follow the 4% rule. Instead you might choose to use it as as a starting point and then customize your savings from there based on:
• When you plan to retire: At what age do you expect to stop working and enter retirement? That information will give you an idea about how many years worth of savings you might need. For instance, if you plan to retire early, you may very well need more than 30 years’ worth of retirement savings.
• The amount you have saved for retirement: How much money you have in your retirement plans will help you determine how much you can withdraw to live on each year and how long those savings might last. Also be sure to factor in your Social Security benefits and any pensions you might have.
• The kinds of investments you have: Do you have a mix of stocks, bonds, mutual funds, and cash, for instance? The assets you have, how aggressive or conservative they are, and how they are allocated plays an important role in the balance of your portfolio. An investor might want assets that have a higher potential for growth but also a higher risk factor when they are younger, and then switch to a more conservative investment strategy as they get closer to retirement.
• How much you think you’ll spend each year in retirement: To figure out what your expenses might be each year that you’re retired, factor in such costs as your mortgage or rent, healthcare expenses, transportation (including gas and car maintenance), travel, entertainment, and food. Add everything up to see how much you may need from your retirement savings. That will give you a sense if 4% is too much or not enough, and you can adjust accordingly.
Should You Use the 4% Rule?
The 4% rule can be used as a starting point to determine how much money you might need for retirement. But consider this: You may have certain goals for retirement. You might want to travel. You may want to work part-time. Maybe you want to move into a smaller or bigger house. What matters most is that you plan for the retirement you want to experience.
Given those variations, the 4% rule may make more sense as a guideline than as a hard-and-fast rule.
The 4% rule represents a percentage that retirees can withdraw from their savings annually and theoretically have their savings last a minimum of 30 years. For example, someone following this rule could withdraw $20,000 a year from a $500,000 retirement account balance.
However, the 4% rule has limitations. It’s a rigid strategy that doesn’t take factors like lifestyle changes into consideration. It assumes that your retirement will last 30 years, and it’s based on a specific portfolio allocation. A more flexible plan may be better suited to your needs.
Having flexibility in planning for withdrawals in retirement means saving as much as possible first. A starting place for many people is their workplace 401(k), but that’s not the only way you can save for retirement. For instance, those who don’t have access to a workplace retirement account might want to open an IRA or a retirement savings plan for the self-employed to invest for their future.
Ready to invest in your goals? It’s easy to get started when you open an investment account with SoFi Invest. You can invest in stocks, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), mutual funds, alternative funds, and more. SoFi doesn’t charge commissions, but other fees apply (full fee disclosure here).
Invest with as little as $5 with a SoFi Active Investing account.
FAQ
How long will money last using the 4% rule?
The intention of the 4% rule is to make retirement savings last for approximately 30 years. How long your money may last will depend on your specific financial and lifestyle situation.
Does the 4% rule work for early retirement?
The 4% rule is based on a retirement age of 65. If you retire early, you may have more years to spend in retirement and your financial needs will likely be different.
Does the 4% rule preserve capital?
With the 4% rule, the idea is to withdraw 4% of your total funds and allow the remaining money in the account to keep growing. Because the withdrawals would at least partly consist of dividends and interest on savings, the amount withdrawn each year would not come totally out of the principal balance.
Is the 4% Rule Too Conservative?
Some financial professionals say the 4% rule is too conservative, and that retirees may be too frugal with their retirement funds and not live as comfortable a life as they could. Others say withdrawing 4% of retirement funds could be too much because the rule doesn’t take into account any other sources of income retirees may have.
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Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.
SoFi Invest®
INVESTMENTS ARE NOT FDIC INSURED • ARE NOT BANK GUARANTEED • MAY LOSE VALUE
SoFi Invest encompasses two distinct companies, with various products and services offered to investors as described below:
Individual customer accounts may be subject to the terms applicable to one or more of these platforms.
1) Automated Investing and advisory services are provided by SoFi Wealth LLC, an SEC-registered investment adviser (“SoFi Wealth“). Brokerage services are provided to SoFi Wealth LLC by SoFi Securities LLC.
2) Active Investing and brokerage services are provided by SoFi Securities LLC, Member FINRA (www.finra.org)/SIPC(www.sipc.org). Clearing and custody of all securities are provided by APEX Clearing Corporation.
For additional disclosures related to the SoFi Invest platforms described above please visit SoFi.com/legal.
Neither the Investment Advisor Representatives of SoFi Wealth, nor the Registered Representatives of SoFi Securities are compensated for the sale of any product or service sold through any SoFi Invest platform.
Your vested 401(k) balance is the portion you fully own and can take with you when you leave your employer. This amount includes your employee contributions, which are always 100% vested, any investment earnings, and your employer’s contributions that have passed the required vesting period.
Here’s a deeper look at what being vested means and the effect it can have on your retirement savings.
Key Points
• 401(k) vesting refers to when ownership of an employer’s contributions to a 401(k) account shifts to the employee.
• 401(k) contributions made by employees are always 100% vested; they own them outright.
• Vesting schedules vary, but employees become 100% vested after a specified number of years.
• 401(k) vesting incentivizes employees to stay with their current employer and to contribute to their 401(k).
• Companies may use immediate, cliff, or graded vesting schedules for their 401(k) plans.
What Does Vested Balance Mean?
The vested balance is the amount of money that belongs to you and cannot be taken back by an employer when you leave your job — even if you are fired.
The contributions you personally make to your 401(k) are automatically 100% vested. Vesting of employer contributions typically occurs according to a set timeframe known as a vesting schedule. When employer contributions to a 401(k) become vested, it means that the money is now entirely yours.
Having a fully vested 401(k) means that employer contributions will remain in your account when you leave the company. It also means that you can decide to roll over your balance to a new account, start making withdrawals, or take out a loan against the account, if your plan allows it. However, keeping a vested 401(k) invested and letting it grow over time may be one of the best ways to save for retirement.
401(k) vesting refers to the process by which employees become entitled to keep the money that an employer may have contributed to their 401(k) account. Vesting schedules can vary, but most 401(k) plans have a vesting schedule that requires employees to stay with the company for a certain number of years before they are fully vested.
For example, an employer may have a vesting schedule requiring employees to stay with the company for five years before they are fully vested in their 401(k) account. If an employee were to leave the company before reaching that milestone, they could forfeit some or all of the employer-contributed money in the 401(k) account. The amount an employee gets to keep is the vested balance. Other qualified defined contribution plans, such as 401(a) or 403(b) plans, may also be subject to vesting schedules.
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1Terms and conditions apply. Roll over a minimum of $20K to receive the 1% match offer. Matches on contributions are made up to the annual limits.
Importance of 401(k) Vesting
401(k) vesting is important because it determines when an employee can keep the employer’s matching contributions to their retirement account. Vesting schedules can vary, but typically after an employee has been with a company for a certain number of years, they will be 100% vested in the employer’s contributions.
401(k) Vesting Eligibility
401(k) vesting eligibility is the time an employee must work for their employer before they are eligible to receive the employer’s contribution to their 401(k) retirement account. The vesting period varies depending on the employer’s plan.
401(k) Contributions Basics
Before understanding vesting, it’s important to know how 401(k) contributions work. A 401(k) is a tax-advantaged, employer-sponsored retirement plan that allows employees to contribute a portion of their salary each pay period, usually on a pre-tax basis.
For tax year 2024, employees can contribute up to $23,000 annually in their 401(k) accounts, with an extra $7,500 in catch-up contributions allowed for those age 50 or older. For tax year 2023, employers can contribute up to $22,500, with an extra $7,500 in catch-up contributions allowed for those age 50 or older. Employees can then invest their contributions, often choosing from a menu of mutual funds, exchanged-traded funds (ETFs) or other investments offered by their employer.
The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) also allows employers to contribute to their employees’ plans. Often these contributions come in the form of an employer 401(k) match. For example, an employer might offer matching contributions of 3% or 6% if an employee chooses to contribute 6% of their salary to the 401(k).
In 2024, the total contributions that an employee and employer can make to a 401(k) is $69,000 ($76,500 including catch-up contributions). In 2023, the total contributions that an employee and employer can make to a 401(k) is $66,000 ($73,500 including catch-up contributions).
Employer contributions are a way for businesses to encourage employees to save for retirement. They’re also an important benefit that job seekers look for when searching for new jobs.
There are several benefits of 401(k) vesting, including ensuring that employees are more likely to stay with a company for the long term because they know they will eventually vest and be able to keep the money they have contributed to their 401(k). Additionally, it incentivizes employees to contribute to a 401(k) because they know they will eventually be fully vested and be entitled to all the money in their account.
401(k) vesting also gives employees a sense of security, knowing they will not lose the money they have put into their retirement savings if they leave their job.
Drawbacks of 401(k) Vesting
While 401(k) vesting benefits employees, there are also some drawbacks. For one, vesting can incentivize employees to stay with their current employer, even if they want to leave their job. Employees may be staying in a job they’re unhappy with just to wait for their 401(k) to be fully vested.
Also, using a 401(k) for investing can create unwanted tax liability and fees. When you withdraw money from a 401(k) before age 59 ½, you’ll typically have to pay a 10% early withdrawal penalty and taxes. This can eat into the money you were hoping to use for retirement.
How Do I Know if I Am Fully Vested in my 401(k)?
If you’re unsure whether or when you will be fully vested, you can check their plan’s vesting schedule, usually on your online benefits portal.
Immediate Vesting
Immediate vesting is the simplest form of vesting schedule. Employees own 100% of contributions right away.
Cliff Vesting
Under a cliff vesting schedule, employer contributions are typically fully vested after a certain period of time following a job’s start date, usually three years.
Graded Vesting
Graded vesting is a bit more complicated. A percentage of contributions vest throughout a set period, and employees gain gradual ownership of their funds. Eventually, they will own 100% of the money in their account.
For example, a hypothetical six-year graded vesting schedule might look like this:
Years of Service
Percent Vested
1
0%
2
20%
3
40%
4
60%
5
80%
6
100%
Why Do Employers Use Vesting?What Happens If I Leave My Job Before I’m Fully Vested?
If you leave your job before being fully vested, you forfeit any unvested portion of their 401(k). The amount of money you’d lose depends on your vesting schedule, the amount of the contributions, and their performance. For example, if your employer uses cliff vesting after three years and you leave the company before then, you won’t receive any of the money your employer has contributed to their plan.
If, on the other hand, your employer uses a graded vesting schedule, you will receive any portion of the employer’s contributions that have vested by the time they leave. For example, if you are 20% vested each year over six years and leave the company shortly after year three, you’ll keep 40% of the employer’s contributions.
Other Common Types of Vesting
Aside from 401(k)s, employers may offer other forms of compensation that also follow vesting schedules, such as pensions and stock options. These tend to work slightly differently than vested contributions, but pensions and stock options may vest immediately or by following a cliff or graded vesting schedule.
Stock Option Vesting
Employee stock options give employees the right to buy company stock at a set price at a later date, regardless of the stock’s current value. The idea is that between the time an employee is hired and their stock options vest, the stock price will have risen. The employee can then buy and sell the stock to make a profit.
Pension Vesting
With a pension plan, vesting schedules determine when employees are eligible to receive their full benefits.
How Do I Find Out More About Vesting?
There are a few ways to learn more about vesting and your 401(k) vested balance. This information typically appears in the 401(k) summary plan description or the annual benefits statement.
Generally, a company’s plan administrator or human resources department can also explain the vesting schedule in detail and pinpoint where you are in your vesting schedule. Understanding this information can help you know the actual value of your 401(k) account.
The Takeaway
While any employee contributions to 401(k) plans are immediately fully vested, the same is not always true of employer contributions. The employee may gain access to employer contributions slowly over time or all at once after the company has employed them for several years.
Understanding vesting and your 401(k)’s vesting schedule is one more piece of information that can help you plan for your financial future. A 401(k) and other retirement accounts can be essential components of a retirement savings plan. Knowing when you are fully vested in a 401(k) can help you understand how much money might be available when you retire.
There are many ways to save for retirement, including opening a traditional or Roth IRA. To get started with those, you can open an online retirement account on the SoFi Invest® platform.
Find out more about investing with SoFi today.
FAQ
What does 401(k) vesting mean?
401(k) vesting is when an employee becomes fully entitled to the employer’s matching contributions to the employee’s 401(k) account. Vesting typically occurs over a period of time, such as five years, and is often dependent on the employee remaining employed with the company.
What is the vesting period for a 401(k)?
The vesting period is the amount of time an employee must work for an employer before they are fully vested in the employer’s 401(k) plan. This period is different for each company, but generally, the vesting period is between three and five years.
How does 401(k) vesting work?
Vesting in a 401(k) plan means an employee has the right to keep the employer matching contributions made to their 401(k) account, even if they leave the company. Vesting schedules can vary, but most 401(k) plans have a vesting schedule of three to five years.
INVESTMENTS ARE NOT FDIC INSURED • ARE NOT BANK GUARANTEED • MAY LOSE VALUE
SoFi Invest encompasses two distinct companies, with various products and services offered to investors as described below:
Individual customer accounts may be subject to the terms applicable to one or more of these platforms.
1) Automated Investing and advisory services are provided by SoFi Wealth LLC, an SEC-registered investment adviser (“SoFi Wealth“). Brokerage services are provided to SoFi Wealth LLC by SoFi Securities LLC.
2) Active Investing and brokerage services are provided by SoFi Securities LLC, Member FINRA (www.finra.org)/SIPC(www.sipc.org). Clearing and custody of all securities are provided by APEX Clearing Corporation.
For additional disclosures related to the SoFi Invest platforms described above please visit SoFi.com/legal.
Neither the Investment Advisor Representatives of SoFi Wealth, nor the Registered Representatives of SoFi Securities are compensated for the sale of any product or service sold through any SoFi Invest platform.
Tax Information: This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or tax advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or tax advice.
The amount you need to retire is a highly personal calculation that weaves in both the lifestyle you envision, the amount you’ve saved, your Social Security benefit, and a number of other factors.
While there are formulas and calculators that can help you determine a basic amount that you need to save for retirement, these are just ballpark numbers. In some cases it can be useful to game out a couple of different scenarios — using different assumptions about where you might live, whether you’ll work part time or travel, and so on.
This can help you, and your spouse or partner, decide on the retirement path that suits you best. And this can help you make the best estimate of how much you need to retire.
This article is part of SoFi’s Retirement Planning Guide, our coverage of retirement readiness and all the steps you need to create a successful retirement plan.
How Much Money Do You Need to Retire?
There isn’t a single number you need to retire that will work for everyone. As mentioned, every person’s situation is unique and comes with its own complications and assumptions for what retirement might mean.
Fidelity’s research shows that if a 30-year retirement is planned and annual spending is expected to be 4% to 5% of savings, adjusting for inflation, there is about a 90% chance of not running out of money.
The exact percentage of the retirement calculator formula can depend on the age of retirement and life expectancy. That number changes if a person retires at age 60 and plans a 35-year retirement — about 4.3% could be withdrawn per year to retain that 90% likelihood of financial security.
That said, there are a few rules of thumb you can consider.
1. Retirement Savings Targets by Age
If you’re just starting out in life, you might think that with retirement decades away that you don’t have to worry about it. But the sooner you start saving for retirement, the better off you’ll be. Here are a few rough targets for how much you should have saved at certain ages:
By Age…
You should target saving this much
30
1X your salary
40
3X your salary
50
6X your salary
60
8X your salary
67
10X your salary
These should only be considered as very rough guidelines — for more detailed retirement targets, consider working with a financial advisor.
2. The 80% Rule
One basic guideline is known as the 80% rule, which says you should aim to replace 80% of your pre-retirement income. So, if you earn $100,000, you’ll need about $80,000 per year when you retire.
This is only meant as a guideline, but it has been called into question by some experts as being too high. As the thinking goes, your expenses decline in retirement, largely because you’re no longer saving for retirement, nor are you commuting.
Others have said workers should aim to replace 100% of their pre-retirement income, owing to inflation.
3. The 4% Rule
Another popular rule of thumb is “the 4% rule“, which talks about how much money you’ll need to retire. The 4% rule says that you can take your projected annual retirement expenses and divide by 4% (0.04) to know how much money you’ll need before you can safely retire.
If you project annual expenses of $50,000, you’ll need $1,250,000 (which is $50,000 divided by 0.04). Then each year you could withdraw 4% (indexed for inflation), which would come mostly if not completely from the appreciation of the portfolio.
Source: Fidelity
Since the 4% rule was introduced in 1994, other advisors have said that it is not conservative enough and have suggested 3.33% or 3.5% might be more appropriate.
💡 Quick Tip: Did you know that opening an investment account typically doesn’t come with any setup costs? Often, the only requirement to open an investment account — aside from providing personal details — is making an initial deposit.
Are You Currently Saving Enough?
First, take a good long look at how much you’re putting away for retirement. Have you reached —or come close to — the goal of saving 15% to 20% of your income? Unfortunately, many people have not.
In a 2024 SoFi Retirement Survey, just 16% of respondents say they’re putting 15% or more of their income toward retirement. The majority are contributing much less. Here’s how the numbers break down:
Retirement Contributions
• 48% contribute less than 10% of their income
• 23% contribute less than 5% of their income
• 16% contribute 15% or more of their income
Of those who are contributing 15% or more of their income to retirement savings, 50% have a household income of $100,000 or more. The older they get, the more likely survey respondents are to contribute. While 32% of those aged 25 to 34 put at least 15% of their income toward retirement savings, the number jumps to 60% for those aged 25 to 44.
Source: SoFi Retirement Survey, April 2024
Factors That Impact How Much Retirement Savings You’ll Need
When considering how much you’ll need to retire, here are a few things that you will want to keep in mind:
Age You Plan to Retire
In simple terms, your retirement age is the age when you decide to retire. For example, you might set your target retirement date as 62 or 65 or 66 — all of which are related to Social Security benefits in some way.
Social Security has largely shaped how we view retirement age in the U.S. because that monthly payout is what enables the majority of people to leave work. Some 92% of retirees age 65 and older say they depend on Social Security. While retiring at 62 is the earliest age when you can claim Social Security, that’s not your “full retirement age” – 67 is generally considered the full retirement age.
Pre-Retirement Income
Some financial planners suggest that you base your retirement projections on your pre-retirement income. You might use 75% or 80% of your current income as a basis for estimating how much money you’ll need as retirement.
For a more detailed look, go through your budget and see how each type of expense will change in retirement. You may need more or less income than you think.
Retirement Lifestyle Goals
Another thing to think about is how your lifestyle overall might change in retirement. Consider whether you plan to move or make other big lifestyle changes that can impact both expenses and taxes. While some costs may go down (such as if you pay off the mortgage on your home), others might go up as you change your lifestyle.
As one example, if you want to explore the world or visit grandchildren, your travel budget may drastically increase from pre-retirement levels.
Social Security
Social Security benefits can provide a vital supplement to your retirement income and help you get closer to financial security. However, it’s critical to understand that the amount of your benefit will vary depending on your age.
The earliest you can start receiving Social Security Benefits is age 62, but your benefits will be reduced by as much as 30% if you take them that early — and they will not increase as you age.
If you wait until your full retirement age (FRA) you can begin receiving full benefits. Your full retirement age is based on the year you were born. For example, if you were born in 1960 or later, your full retirement age is 67. You can find a detailed chart of retirement ages at ssa.gov.
But here is the real Social Security bonus: If you can put off claiming your Social Security benefits until age 70, perhaps by working longer or working part time, the size of your benefits will increase considerably. Typically, for each additional year you wait to claim your benefits up to age 70, your benefits will grow by 8%.
Future Retirement Expenses
Creating an estimated budget can help you get a sense of what your retirement expenses might be. For example, you may know how much you’ll pay for things like housing, utilities, and food. But it’s also important to consider any future expenses that could require you to spend more each month in retirement.
Most people aren’t sure how much money they need to retire, according to SoFi’s retirement survey. Just one quarter of respondents say they know the amount they need.
• 41% have a rough estimate of how much they’ll need to retire comfortably
• 25% know how much they’ll need to retire comfortably
• 25% don’t know how much they’ll need to retire comfortably
Of those who don’t know how much they’ll need for retirement, almost half (48%) are aged 45 or older.
Source: SoFi Retirement Survey, April 2024
That’s why it’s so important to start thinking now about the expenses you might face in retirement. The sooner you start planning and saving for these costs, the more time — and ideally, the more money — you may be able to stash away.
For instance, healthcare can be a major cost in retirement, especially if you retire early. At age 65, you will qualify for Medicare, but if you retire before then, you’ll need to make sure that you have a plan for covering healthcare costs in retirement. Even after qualifying for Medicare, you may still have significant health-related costs, depending on your specific medical situation. While Medicare can pay for many health-related issues, it doesn’t pay for all of them. Long-term nursing care is a big exclusion.
Purchasing long-term care insurance or a long-term care annuity can provide you with the necessary funds to cover those expenses, should you need nursing care. But if you don’t have either of those options in place, you’ll need to consider how you’ll fit long-term care costs into your retirement budget.
Inflation
Inflation eats away at the value of each individual dollar, including savings and investments, so it’s important to keep in mind the inflation rate for retirement planning. There are several strategies you can use when investing during inflation.
It’s important to keep in mind that the cost of living in the future will be higher than it is today. For example, if rent costs $1,000 today but next year if there’s inflation, that cost could rise to $1,100. Over a decade or more, that price could double or triple.
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Closing the Gap Between Current Savings and Your Goal
If you realize that you have a gap between your current savings and where you think you need to be when you retire, it’s important to make a plan to address the gap. If you choose to do nothing, the gap will only grow wider.
You have three main ways to close the gap — either start saving more of your money or find a way to increase the returns your investments are earning. You can also consider making different choices about the sort of retirement you want.
Retirement Savings Accounts
You have many different ways that you can invest and save for retirement. Many employers have 401(k) accounts that give tax advantages for saving for retirement. On top of that, some employers offer matching funds when you contribute to a 401(k) account.
While both types let you contribute up to $7,000 yearly for 2024 and $6,500 yearly for 2023, with an additional catch-up contribution of $1,000 for those over age 50, one key difference is the way the two accounts are taxed: Traditional IRAs let you deduct your contributions up front and pay taxes on distributions when you retire, whereas Roth IRA contributions are not tax deductible, but you can withdraw money tax-free in retirement.
The Takeaway
It would be nice if there was a simple way to calculate the exact amount you need to retire on. Instead, think of your retirement amount as an ongoing series of calculations that you’ll refine as you get older, and as your thinking gets clearer.
There are some things you can predict, but many that you can’t — including the state of your health (or your spouse’s), the turns the market might take, or a change in priorities. All you can do is start early and save steadily for the retirement you hope to have one day.
Ready to invest for your retirement? It’s easy to get started when you open a traditional or Roth IRA with SoFi. SoFi doesn’t charge commissions, but other fees apply (full fee disclosure here).
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FAQ
How much money do you need to retire with a $100,000 salary?
In order to determine how much money you need to retire with a certain amount of salary, you’ll need to make a few assumptions. For example, you can estimate that you’ll need 75% of your pre-retirement income after you retire and follow the 4% rule. That would say you’ll need $1,875,000 to be able to retire. If you change your assumptions, it will also change your numbers.
How can I catch up on retirement savings if I’m behind?
There are two main ways to catch up on retirement savings if you’re not meeting the targets for where you want to be. The first is to increase the amount of money you’re saving each month. Upping your contributions can help close your retirement savings gap. The other would be to increase the investment returns that you are earning, though that may also come with increased risk or volatility.
Should I factor in Social Security when determining how much retirement income I’ll need?
It may not be prudent to count on Social Security as a major contributor to your retirement amount. Current projections indicate that the government may not be able to fully fund Social Security payments at some point in the future. It’s difficult if not impossible to predict what the impact might be down the road, especially if it’s still decades until your retirement date.
Can you comfortably retire with $1.5 million?
Deciding whether $1.5 million is enough for you to comfortably retire depends a lot on your standard of living and annual retirement expenses. Using the 4% rule says that a nest egg of $1.5 million would give an annual amount of $60,000. Depending on the cost of living where you live and your own standard of living, that may be enough to retire comfortably.
Am I on track to retire comfortably?
To gauge if you are on track with your retirement savings, you can use a couple of general guidelines. The 80% rule says you will need 80% of your income per year when you retire. Another guideline recommends having 10 times your annual salary saved by the time you’re 67.
But you also need to factor in your personal financial situation, as well as your retirement goals to determine if you can retire comfortably. Depending on your circumstances, you may need to save more or less than the guidelines recommend.
Photo credit: iStock/Yaroslav Astakhov
SoFi Invest®
INVESTMENTS ARE NOT FDIC INSURED • ARE NOT BANK GUARANTEED • MAY LOSE VALUE
SoFi Invest encompasses two distinct companies, with various products and services offered to investors as described below:
Individual customer accounts may be subject to the terms applicable to one or more of these platforms.
1) Automated Investing and advisory services are provided by SoFi Wealth LLC, an SEC-registered investment adviser (“SoFi Wealth“). Brokerage services are provided to SoFi Wealth LLC by SoFi Securities LLC.
2) Active Investing and brokerage services are provided by SoFi Securities LLC, Member FINRA (www.finra.org)/SIPC(www.sipc.org). Clearing and custody of all securities are provided by APEX Clearing Corporation.
For additional disclosures related to the SoFi Invest platforms described above please visit SoFi.com/legal.
Neither the Investment Advisor Representatives of SoFi Wealth, nor the Registered Representatives of SoFi Securities are compensated for the sale of any product or service sold through any SoFi Invest platform.
Tax Information: This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or tax advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or tax advice.
Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.
