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Living beyond your means can easily happen. Typically, it’s a case of your spending outstripping your earnings. This in turn means it’s hard to pay off debt and save for your financial goals.

Sound familiar? If you find yourself running out of money before the next payday, you could be leaving above your means.

Here, learn more about this issue and the warning signs. Then you can begin to take action and take control of your money.

What Does “Living Beyond Your Means” Mean?

Simply put, ”living above your means” means that you are spending more money than you are earning. People are able to do this by relying on credit cards, loans, and prior savings to cover their expenses. However, the process is not sustainable, and eventually overspending is likely to catch up to you.

Living beyond your means can also mean that you’re spending most or all of what comes into your checking account each month and, as a result, don’t have anything left over for saving or investing, such as building an emergency fund, saving for a short-term goal like buying a car or a home, or putting money away for retirement.

Here are ten red flags that you’re living a lifestyle you simply can’t afford — and tips for how to get back on track.

1. You Live Paycheck to Paycheck

One of the most obvious and common signs of living beyond your means is when there’s little to no money left after you pay your bills. If your paycheck disappears within days of receiving it, and you’re counting down the days until the next one, that’s a major warning sign.

Living paycheck to paycheck means you have no cushion for emergencies and would not be able to cover your living expenses if you were to lose your income. This puts you in a precarious situation, where any financial bump in the road could throw your entire financial life into disarray.

2. Your Credit Score Has Dropped

A declining credit score is often a silent but powerful indicator that you’re overspending. This drop can result from late payments, high credit utilization (the amount of credit you’re using compared to your total limit), or accumulating too much debt.

If you’re relying heavily on credit cards to cover basic living expenses — like groceries, gas, or other monthly bills — it likely means your spending has outpaced your income. Over time, this kind of borrowing not only hurts your score but also racks up interest charges that dig you deeper into the hole.

3. You’ve Stopped Your Retirement Contributions

If money is feeling a little tight, you may feel that now is not the time to worry about retirement. While this may seem like a short-term fix, it can significantly damage your long-term financial health.

Halting retirement contributions — even temporarily — means missing out on compound returns (when the returns you earn start earning returns of their own), employer matches, and overall portfolio growth. If you’re regularly suspending or avoiding savings altogether, it may indicate your current expenses are too high to support your financial goals.

4. A Big Portion of Your Income Goes to Housing

Housing is typically the largest monthly expense, but if your rent or monthly mortgage payment is above 30% of your monthly pre-tax income, you may be financially overextended.^[1] This can make it hard to have enough money leftover to cover other expenses, save, invest, and build wealth over time.

Staying below 30% can be difficult if you live in a region of the country where the cost of housing is high. Nevertheless, spending a lot more than a third of your income on housing can leave you “house poor,” and put your other financial obligations at risk.

5. Your Savings Account Isn’t Growing

If your savings balance has stayed flat — or worse declined — over the past few months, it’s a sign that your lifestyle is too costly. A lack of progress in savings makes it hard to handle unexpected events or set aside funds for the future.

Making regular deposits into a savings account, such as a high-yield savings account — in addition to your 401(k) or IRA — allows you to work towards your short- and medium-term financial goals, such as putting a downpayment on a home or a car or going on vacation.

6. You’ve Been Charged an Overdraft Fee More than Once This Year

An overdraft fee is charged when there’s not enough money in your account to cover a check or debit card payment. Overdrawing from your account often means the bank will lend you money to cover the overage. You’re then responsible for paying back that amount, as well as an overdraft fee, which can potentially be more than the overdrawn amount. (That said, there are some banks that offer no-fee overdraft protection.)

Mistakes happen, and a one-off overdraft isn’t necessarily an indicator of overspending. But repeat offenses can be a sign that you are living too close to the edge and don’t have a clear picture of how much money is going in and coming out of your account each month.

7. You’ve Never Set a Budget

A lack of budgeting can be a fundamental sign of living beyond your means. If you’ve never taken the time to outline your income, expenses, and saving goals, you may well be spending money in ways that aren’t sustainable.

Without a budget, it’s easy to underestimate your monthly expenses or overestimate what you can afford. You might think you’re managing fine but in reality you could be accruing debt, missing saving opportunities, or overspending in certain categories.

Many people think making and following a budget will be too complicated. But having a budget can actually simplify your spending decisions by letting you know exactly what you can and can’t afford. Having a budget also helps to ensure you have enough money to cover essentials, fun, and also sock some away in savings.

8. You’re Leasing a Car You Can’t Afford to Buy

Leasing a vehicle you would not be able to purchase outright or finance can be a major financial red flag. Leasing lets you rent a high-end lifestyle, but many people end up with leases they really can’t afford.

You might be covering your monthly auto payments, but if you can’t do that while meeting your other expenses and also putting money into savings, then your car is likely too expensive. Leasing also means you’re never building equity in a vehicle and may face additional costs for mileage or wear-and-tear penalties.

9. You’re Only Making Minimum Payments on Credit Cards

It’s fine to use your credit card to pay for everyday expenses and the occasional big purchase. But if you can’t pay off most of the balance each month, it’s a red flag that you’re living beyond your means.

While minimum payments keep your account in good standing and avoid late fees, most of the payment goes toward interest, which means they don’t address the underlying debt. Minimum payments are also designed to be small, so it takes much longer to pay off your balance, sometimes even years. This can trap you in a cycle of debt where you’re constantly paying off interest rather than reducing the principal, making it highly challenging to ever become debt-free.

10. You Don’t Have an Emergency Fund

Not having a stash of cash you can turn to in a pinch can be a sign that you’re living above your means. You may be gambling on the fact that nothing will go wrong. But life is unpredictable, and you could well get hit with an unexpected expense (like a major car repair or medical bill) at some point, or potentially lose your job.

Without savings to fall back on, you may be forced to rely on high-interest credit cards or loans, which can lead to debt that’s hard to repay. This financial strain can cause stress, damage your credit, and disrupt long-term goals like saving for retirement or buying a home. An emergency fund provides a buffer that protects your financial stability.

How to Live Below Your Means and Get Back on Track

Overspending can feel like a slippery slope — once you’re living above your means, it can be tough to stop the cycle. But financial recovery is entirely possible. The key is to learn how to live below your means and establish habits that promote long-term stability. Here’s how to get started:

1. Create a Realistic Budget

A solid budget is the foundation of any financial turnaround. Start by tracking all your income sources and listing every expense, from rent to streaming services. Categorize your spending into needs, wants, and goals/savings, then determine if you want to rejigger how much you are spending in each area.

One popular budgeting framework is the 50/30/20 rule. This divides your after-tax income into three categories: 50% for needs, 30% for wants, and 20% for savings and debt repayment beyond the minimum. This set-up ensures that your essential expenses are covered while also allowing for some “fun” spending and future financial security.

Recommended: 50/30/20 Budget Calculator

2. Reduce Unnecessary Expenses

To find room in your budget for saving and paying more than the minimum on debts, you may need to cut back on nonessential spending. For example, you might free up funds by cooking more and eating out less, getting rid of streaming services you rarely watch, and/or quitting the gym and working out at home.

To cut back on impulse purchases, you might institute the 30-day rule: When you feel the urge to buy something you want but don’t need, commit to waiting 30 days before making the purchase. If after the waiting period, you decide you truly want the item and it aligns with your financial goals, go ahead and buy it. There’s a strong chance, however, that the urge to buy it will have passed.

3. Build an Emergency Fund

Living paycheck to paycheck leaves little room for error. An emergency fund is your financial safety net — it prevents one unexpected bill from becoming a crisis.

Financial advisors often recommend setting aside at least three to six months’ worth of living expenses for emergencies. But you don’t have to come up with that entire sum overnight. Begin with whatever amount you can afford, even if it’s just $10 a week. Consider setting up an automatic transfer to a separate savings account earmarked for emergencies so you’re not tempted to spend it. Or, if your bank offers it, you might dedicate a savings vault within your account for emergency savings.

This buffer provides peace of mind and helps you avoid falling into debt when life throws curveballs.

The Takeaway

Living above your means doesn’t always look like luxury vacations or designer clothes. Often, it’s more subtle: relying on credit cards, skipping savings, or struggling to cover basic expenses. The good news is that these warning signs are not life sentences — they’re signals that you can change course.

Learning how to live within your means involves awareness, building a budget, and making one smart money decision at a time. With consistent effort, you can shift from financial survival to financial security — and ultimately, financial freedom.

Interested in opening an online bank account? When you sign up for a SoFi Checking and Savings account with eligible direct deposit, you’ll get a competitive annual percentage yield (APY), pay zero account fees, and enjoy an array of rewards, such as access to the Allpoint Network of 55,000+ fee-free ATMs globally. Qualifying accounts can even access their paycheck up to two days early.

FAQ

What are the long-term impacts of living beyond your means?

Living beyond your means can lead to chronic debt, poor credit, and financial instability. Over time, high-interest credit card balances and loans can become unmanageable, making it difficult to build savings or qualify for major purchases like a home. This behavior often leads to stress, strained relationships, and limited future financial opportunities. Without change, it can also delay or prevent retirement, forcing individuals to work longer or rely on others for support later in life.

What are the first steps to take if I’m overspending?

The first step is to track your spending for a full month to understand where your money is going. Then, categorize your expenses and identify areas where you can cut back, such as dining out, subscriptions, or impulse purchases. Creating a realistic budget is crucial — allocate funds for needs, savings, and limited wants. Set financial goals and consider using a budgeting app or cash envelopes to stay disciplined. If overspending is tied to emotional triggers, you might benefit from speaking with a financial counselor.

How can I start saving if I have no extra money?

Start by reviewing your expenses and identifying small, nonessential costs to reduce or eliminate — like daily coffee runs or streaming services. Even setting aside just $5 to $10 a week adds up over time. You might also want to automate your savings (so money is transferred to a savings account before you can spend it) and boost your income through side gigs or selling unused items. The key is to start small and build momentum through consistency and gradual lifestyle adjustments.

What percentage of my income should go toward housing?

Financial experts generally recommend spending no more than 30% of your gross monthly income on housing. This includes rent or mortgage payments, property taxes, insurance, and utilities. Staying within this limit helps ensure you have enough left over for other essential expenses like food, transportation, savings, and debt payments. In high-cost areas, it may be harder to stay under 30%, but exceeding it by too much can strain your finances and reduce your ability to build long-term wealth.

What helpful resources exist if I’m struggling financially?

There are many free and low-cost resources available. Nonprofit credit counseling agencies, like the National Foundation for Credit Counseling (NFCC), offer budgeting help and debt management plans. Local community organizations often provide food assistance, utility aid, and housing support. Government programs like SNAP, Medicaid, and unemployment benefits can also offer relief during tough times. In addition, financial literacy websites, public libraries, and budgeting apps offer tools and guidance to help you regain control of your finances.

Photo credit: iStock/urbazon

SoFi Checking and Savings is offered through SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. The SoFi® Bank Debit Mastercard® is issued by SoFi Bank, N.A., pursuant to license by Mastercard International Incorporated and can be used everywhere Mastercard is accepted. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated.

Annual percentage yield (APY) is variable and subject to change at any time. Rates are current as of 12/23/25. There is no minimum balance requirement. Fees may reduce earnings. Additional rates and information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet

Eligible Direct Deposit means a recurring deposit of regular income to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government benefit payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Eligible Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network every 31 calendar days.

Although we do our best to recognize all Eligible Direct Deposits, a small number of employers, payroll providers, benefits providers, or government agencies do not designate payments as direct deposit. To ensure you're earning the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit, we encourage you to check your APY Details page the day after your Eligible Direct Deposit posts to your SoFi account. If your APY is not showing as the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit, contact us at 855-456-7634 with the details of your Eligible Direct Deposit. As long as SoFi Bank can validate those details, you will start earning the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit from the date you contact SoFi for the next 31 calendar days. You will also be eligible for the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit on future Eligible Direct Deposits, as long as SoFi Bank can validate them.

Deposits that are not from an employer, payroll, or benefits provider or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, Wise, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, or are non-recurring in nature (e.g., IRS tax refunds), do not constitute Eligible Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Eligible Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate. SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder's Eligible Direct Deposit activity to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility.

See additional details at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.
*Awards or rankings from NerdWallet are not indicative of future success or results. This award and its ratings are independently determined and awarded by their respective publications.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

We do not charge any account, service or maintenance fees for SoFi Checking and Savings. We do charge a transaction fee to process each outgoing wire transfer. SoFi does not charge a fee for incoming wire transfers, however the sending bank may charge a fee. Our fee policy is subject to change at any time. See the SoFi Bank Fee Sheet for details at sofi.com/legal/banking-fees/.
Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Third Party Trademarks: Certified Financial Planner Board of Standards Center for Financial Planning, Inc. owns and licenses the certification marks CFP®, CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER®

SOBNK-Q225-108

Before the age of digital payments, traveler’s checks were considered one of the safest and most convenient ways to carry money while traveling, especially abroad. Though their popularity has waned with the rise of credit cards and mobile wallets, traveler’s checks do still exist and are issued by a limited number of banks and credit unions.

Whether you’re curious about their modern use or holding onto a few from a past trip, understanding traveler’s checks can help you make informed financial decisions on your next journey.

Traveler’s Checks Defined

Traveler’s checks are paper checks you can purchase at a bank or credit union then carry when you travel abroad in a place of cash. Unlike cash, however, travelers checks are secured by the issuing financial institution, which means that the issuer will replace the funds if the checks are lost or stolen at any point at home or abroad.

Issuers print checks in varying denominations, such as $10, $20, or $50, and they are available in a range of currencies. Depending on where you buy traveler’s checks, you may be charged a fee in the range of 1% to 3% of the total purchase amount.^[1]

You can use travelers checks just like cash to pay merchants for goods and services, as long as they accept traveler’s checks. Typically, any change due back to you will be given in local currency. You may also be able to get the checks converted into cash in the local currency at some banks, hotels, and currency exchange offices, though you may need to pay a fee.

💡 Quick Tip: Banish bank fees. Open a new bank account with SoFi and you’ll pay no overdraft, minimum balance, or any monthly fees.

How Do Traveler’s Checks Work?

Traveler’s checks operate somewhat like regular checks but are pre-paid and come with built-in fraud protection. Here’s a step-by-step explanation of how they work:

Where Can I Get a Traveler’s Check?

While traveler’s checks still exist and people still use them, they are getting increasingly hard to come by. American Express — which issued traveler’s checks for over a century — no longer offers new checks (though they will honor previously issued checks). However, some financial services companies — including Visa —- still issue traveler’s checks, which are sold through various partner banks.

If you’re interested in buying traveler’s checks, you will likely need to contact several banks and credit unions to find one that still offers them.

💡 Quick Tip: Typically, checking accounts don’t earn interest. However, some accounts do, and online banks are more likely than brick-and-mortar banks to offer you the best rates.

Pros and Cons of Traveler’s Checks

Traveler’s checks offer a mix of benefits and drawbacks. For some, they are a nostalgic or extra-safe backup option. For others, they may seem outdated compared to more modern financial tools.

Pros of Traveler’s Checks

Cons of Traveler’s Checks

Do I Need Traveler’s Checks When Going Abroad?

Generally, no. Modern travelers often find credit cards, debit cards, and mobile wallets to be more convenient, widely accepted, and cost-effective. However, there are exceptions. You might consider traveler’s checks if:

Still, for the majority of travelers, modern financial tools usually make traveler’s checks unnecessary.

4 Alternatives to Traveler’s Checks

Traveler’s checks are no longer the only secure option for carrying money while abroad. Here are four modern, practical alternatives:

1. Prepaid Debit Card

A prepaid travel card is the modern-day version of a traveler’s check. You can load the card with a set amount of money from your bank account before you travel, then use it to get local currency, shop, dine, and more while you’re abroad.

Like traveler’s checks, prepaid cards are not linked to your bank account, which prevents anybody from draining your checking account if the card gets lost or stolen — and you can’t go into debt. On the downside, these cards limit you to a pre-set spending amount. And if you lose your card, there’s no way to get your money back.

2. Credit Card

Using a credit card is a convenient and secure way to pay for goods and services while you travel. These cards come with robust fraud protections that safeguard your money if your card gets stolen or lost while overseas. And many cards also offer spending rewards, such as points, miles, or cash back. However, there may be fees involved with using your card overseas, called foreign transaction fees.

And unless it’s an emergency, you’ll likely want to avoid using your credit card for getting cash at an ATM. When you request a cash advance from a credit card, you can get hit with a fee (often 3% to 5% of the advance amount), as well as interest, which can run as high as 29%. You may also pay an ATM fee of several dollars.

3. Debit Card

Another alternative to traveler’s checks is your debit card, which you can use to get local currency at ATMs and also to make purchases while traveling. Unlike a credit card, you’re spending your own money when you pay by debit card, so you can’t run up debt.

Like a credit card, however, you may get hit with a foreign transaction fee when you pay something overseas using your debit card. You may also have to pay out-of-network ATM fees every time you withdraw cash. However, some banks have partnerships with banks in other countries that allow travelers to make fee-free withdrawals. Before you travel, it’s a good idea to check to see if your bank has this kind of arrangement.

4. Mobile Wallet

Mobile wallets like Apple Pay, Google Pay, and Samsung Wallet are becoming more accepted around the world. You can link your credit and debit cards and pay directly from your phone without needing a physical wallet. This method of payment is not only convenient, it’s also highly secure, since digital wallets use encryption and tokenization to protect your data.

Just keep in mind that not all merchants accept mobile wallets, especially in rural areas, so you may not want to rely on this as your only payment option when you travel.

💡 Quick Tip: Want a simple way to save more everyday? When you turn on Roundups, all of your debit card purchases are automatically rounded up to the next dollar and deposited into your online savings account.

How to Keep Your Money Safe While Traveling

Regardless of your preferred payment method, keeping your money safe while traveling is essential. Here are a few tips:

Recommended: How to Keep Your Bank Account Safe Online

What Can I Do With Old Traveler’s Checks?

If you still have old traveler’s checks from past trips, don’t throw them away — they may still be redeemable. Here’s what you can do:

Keep in mind that in order to redeem old traveler’s checks, you’ll need to provide identification and possibly documentation proving you were the original purchaser.

The Takeaway

Traveler’s checks were once the gold standard of secure travel funds, but the rise of digital banking has made them largely obsolete. Still, they retain some usefulness as a secure backup for international travelers, especially in less developed regions or for those who prefer not to rely on digital methods.

For most modern travelers, credit cards, debit cards, prepaid cards, and mobile wallets offer more convenience, better exchange rates, and broad acceptance. However, understanding traveler’s checks — and knowing how to use or redeem them — can still come in handy.

Ultimately, the best approach is a balanced one: carry multiple forms of payment, stay aware of local customs and banking norms, and prioritize security. Whether you’re heading off the beaten path or to a major city, having a thoughtful plan for managing your money can make your travels smoother, safer, and more enjoyable.

Interested in opening an online bank account? When you sign up for a SoFi Checking and Savings account with eligible direct deposit, you’ll get a competitive annual percentage yield (APY), pay zero account fees, and enjoy an array of rewards, such as access to the Allpoint Network of 55,000+ fee-free ATMs globally. Qualifying accounts can even access their paycheck up to two days early.

FAQ

How does a traveler’s check work?

A traveler’s check is a prepaid, fixed-amount paper check used as a secure alternative to cash while traveling. You purchase it from a financial institution, sign it when issued, and sign it again when spending it or cashing it, allowing merchants or banks to verify your identity. If lost or stolen, traveler’s checks can usually be replaced quickly. However, traveler’s checks are not as widely issued and accepted as they once were. They have largely been replaced by prepaid debit cards and credit cards.

Why are traveler’s checks not used anymore?

Traveler’s checks have largely fallen out of favor due to the convenience and widespread use of credit cards, debit cards, and digital wallets, which are accepted almost everywhere and offer strong fraud protection. ATMs are now globally accessible, making it easy to withdraw local currency as needed. Additionally, it’s hard to find banks that still issue traveler’s checks, and many merchants no longer accept them as payment.

Can you cash traveler’s checks?

Yes, you can still cash traveler’s checks, though it might take some effort. Some major banks will cash them for account holders, especially if they issued the checks. Some currency exchange offices and hotels may also accept them. You’ll need valid identification, and you’ll usually sign the check in front of the cashier. However, because these checks are less common now, it’s best to call ahead and confirm if a location will accept or cash them.

Do financial institutions still carry traveler’s checks?

Some financial institutions still offer traveler’s checks, but their availability is limited. American Express no longer issues travelers checks. However, Visa still offers them through participating banks. You may need to call around to find a bank in your area that offers these checks. Those that do may also require advance notice or only provide them to account holders. As the travel industry shifts toward digital and card-based payment methods, traveler’s checks are now less commonly sold or promoted.

What can I do with old traveler’s checks?

If you have old traveler’s checks, you can generally still cash or deposit them, as they typically don’t expire. Visit a bank — preferably one that issued the checks or one with international banking services — and present valid identification. You can also contact the issuing company (e.g., American Express) for assistance or to process a refund. You may be able to deposit them into your bank account (though check with your bank first). They retain their original value if unused.

Photo credit: iStock/AndreyPopov

SoFi Checking and Savings is offered through SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. The SoFi® Bank Debit Mastercard® is issued by SoFi Bank, N.A., pursuant to license by Mastercard International Incorporated and can be used everywhere Mastercard is accepted. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated.

Annual percentage yield (APY) is variable and subject to change at any time. Rates are current as of 12/23/25. There is no minimum balance requirement. Fees may reduce earnings. Additional rates and information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet

Eligible Direct Deposit means a recurring deposit of regular income to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government benefit payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Eligible Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network every 31 calendar days.

Although we do our best to recognize all Eligible Direct Deposits, a small number of employers, payroll providers, benefits providers, or government agencies do not designate payments as direct deposit. To ensure you're earning the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit, we encourage you to check your APY Details page the day after your Eligible Direct Deposit posts to your SoFi account. If your APY is not showing as the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit, contact us at 855-456-7634 with the details of your Eligible Direct Deposit. As long as SoFi Bank can validate those details, you will start earning the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit from the date you contact SoFi for the next 31 calendar days. You will also be eligible for the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit on future Eligible Direct Deposits, as long as SoFi Bank can validate them.

Deposits that are not from an employer, payroll, or benefits provider or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, Wise, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, or are non-recurring in nature (e.g., IRS tax refunds), do not constitute Eligible Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Eligible Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate. SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder's Eligible Direct Deposit activity to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility.

See additional details at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.
*Awards or rankings from NerdWallet are not indicative of future success or results. This award and its ratings are independently determined and awarded by their respective publications.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

We do not charge any account, service or maintenance fees for SoFi Checking and Savings. We do charge a transaction fee to process each outgoing wire transfer. SoFi does not charge a fee for incoming wire transfers, however the sending bank may charge a fee. Our fee policy is subject to change at any time. See the SoFi Bank Fee Sheet for details at sofi.com/legal/banking-fees/.
Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

SOBNK-Q225-112

When a student loan payment is past due — even by just one day — it becomes a delinquent payment. For instance, if your student loan payment is due by the 15th of each month, and the 16th arrives and you haven’t paid the amount you owe, you’re generally considered to be delinquent on that loan.

Once you’re late making a payment, a late fee may be assessed, and late payments may impact your credit report.

Read on to learn more about student loan delinquency and the potential consequences, as well as ways to help prevent student loans from becoming delinquent.

How Student Loan Delinquency Impacts Your Credit Score

Late student loan payments can negatively impact a borrower’s credit score. In fact, as of the first quarter of 2025, new student loan delinquencies have reduced borrowers’ credit scores substantially, with amounts ranging from about 100 points to more than 150 points, according to a recent report from the New York Federal Reserve.

How Long Do Delinquent Student Loans Stay on Your Credit Report?

If you are delinquent on your student loans for 90 days or more, your loan servicer will report the delinquency to the national credit bureaus. Delinquent student loans appear on your credit report and they typically remain there for up to seven years.

This can make it harder to get approved for new loans, such as a car loan or mortgage, and credit cards.

Difference Between Delinquency and Default for Student Loans

Your federal student loans are considered delinquent the first day you are late with a payment. They remain delinquent until you pay what you owe or get a deferment or forbearance to temporarily stop your loan payments.

After 270 days, if the loans are still delinquent, they go into student loan default. This means that your loans are now due in full, along with accrued interest and any fees, fines, and penalties.

To collect this amount, the government can garnish up to 15% of your pay, and/or take your tax refund to put towards the debt. They can do the same to your loan cosigner, if you have one. And your loan servicer can even sue you.

Recommended: Student Loan Default Rate

Common Causes of Student Loan Delinquency

There are a number of different causes of student loan delinquency. Some common ones include:

•  The pandemic. The Covid-19 payment pause on student loans meant borrowers were not required to make payments for several years. The pause ended in 2023, but then there was an “on-ramp” to help borrowers prepare to restart their payments until October 2024. At that point, late and missing payments were once again reported to the credit bureaus. According to the New York Federal Reserve, the delinquency rate on student loans soon returned to what it was before the pandemic, with approximately 6 million borrowers in delinquency or default.

•  Higher burden of student debt. The amount of student loan debt in the U.S. has doubled in the last 16 years, and the average borrower’s student loan balance is currently $38,375. Large amounts of debt can be challenging to repay.

•  Accumulating interest. The interest on most student loans accrues daily. When a borrower makes a payment, most of that payment goes toward the interest that has accumulated since the last payment, and whatever is left goes to the principal. This makes it difficult for borrowers to chip away at what they owe, because interest continues to accrue on the loan principal.

•  Financial challenges. Financial hardships, such as job loss, a reduction in income, or having a number of other debts to also repay, can lead to student loan delinquency.

•  Attendance at for-profit colleges. Students who attend for-profit colleges tend to take on greater student loan debt and have more trouble repaying what they owe. These borrowers are also less likely to get good jobs after graduation and often earn less.

•  Not completing a degree. Borrowers who don’t finish school and earn their degrees are more likely to struggle to repay their student loans. That may be because they earn lower wages.

Late Student Loan Payment

Being late with a student loan payment has consequences — even after just one day. Here are some of the potential ramifications you might face.

What Happens If You Miss a Student Loan Payment?

Missing a federal student loan payment makes you delinquent on your loan. After just one day, your loan is considered delinquent, and in 30 days you may be charged late fees, depending on your loan servicer.

After 90 days, the delinquency is reported to the credit bureaus where it goes on your credit reports. After 270 days, your loan goes into default. The loans are then due immediately in full, along with interest and any fees, fines, and penalties. To collect what you owe, the government can garnish 15% of your wages and/or take your tax refund. Your loan servicer may also take you to court.

Federal vs. Private Student Loan Late Payment Policies

In general, federal student loans offer more options for borrowers who are late with their payments. For example, a borrower could choose deferment or forbearance or switch to another payment plan that lowers their monthly payments, such as income-driven repayment plans. Federal student loans might also offer a loan rehabilitation program.

Policies for late payment on private student loans vary by lender, but overall, private lenders tend to have less flexibility and more stringent rules. For example, a private lender might charge you late fees and send your case to collections when you miss payments. Private lenders can also sue borrowers who stop paying their loans.

Options to Get Back on Track After a Late Payment

If you’re late with a federal student loan payment, contact your student loan servicer and let them know that you’re having trouble paying your loan. They may suggest options to help, such as forbearance or deferment. Or you may be able to switch to a different payment plan that could make it easier to repay your loans, such as income-driven repayment.

If you have private student loans, contact your lender immediately to see what they might be able to do to help.

If you simply forgot about the loan payment, make it as soon as you remember. The sooner you get out of delinquency status, the better.

Can You Refinance a Delinquent Student Loan?

It may be possible to refinance a delinquent student loan, depending on the lender. If the delinquency has not yet affected your credit, you may be able to qualify for refinancing. If not, you could ask a creditworthy family member or friend to be your cosigner on the loan, which might help you qualify.

Once a loan goes into default, however, refinancing is much more challenging.

How Refinancing Can Help Prevent Future Delinquency

If you are struggling with high student loan payment, one option that may help you avoid delinquency down the road is refinancing student loans. When you refinance your loans, you exchange them for a new loan from a private lender — ideally with a lower interest rate, which reduces the amount of interest you pay over the life of the loan. Or, you might be able to lower your monthly payments by extending the term of the loan. However, you’ll pay more in interest over the life of the loan with an extended term.

A student loan refinance calculator can help you determine how much you might save to see if refinancing makes sense for you.

Just be aware that if you refinance your federal loans with a private lender, you will forfeit all of your federal benefits, including programs like income-driven repayment plans and deferment.

Recommended: Student Loan Refinancing Guide

How to Avoid Becoming Delinquent on Student Loans

To keep from becoming delinquent on student loans and avoiding possible consequences, here are a few steps you can take.

Setting Up Autopay and Budgeting Tips

Enrolling in autopay means your payments will be automatic so that they are always made on time — without you having to think about them. Plus, federal student loan borrowers get a 0.25% discount on their interest rate when enrolling in autopay. Many private student loan lenders offer a discount for autopay as well.

In addition, create a budget that prioritizes loan payments and stick to it. Pull together all your bills for the month along with your income. Look to see where you can cut back (such as ordering out or eliminating one or two of your streaming subscriptions), and put the money you save toward your loans.

Exploring Deferment, Forbearance, and Income-Driven Repayment Plans

If you’re struggling to make your federal student loan payments, an income-driven repayment plan may help. On these plans, payments are based on a borrower’s discretionary income and family size, and often result in lower payments.

If you’re undergoing financial hardship, perhaps because of a job loss or medical emergency, you can apply for federal student loan deferment, which can postpone payments or reduce them. Borrowers with qualifying loans are not required to pay the interest that accrues.

Another option is forbearance, which also temporarily allows you to reduce or postpone loan payments. However, with forbearance, borrowers are always responsible for paying the interest that accrues.

Refinancing Student Loans with SoFi

When you refinance your student loans, you can combine multiple loans into one loan with one convenient payment. And you may be able to qualify for a lower interest rate, which could help you save money over the life of the loan. SoFi offers loans with flexible loan terms to fit your budget.

FAQ

What is considered a delinquent student loan payment?

A federal student loan is considered delinquent after just one day of missing a payment. After 90 days, the delinquency is reported to the credit bureaus and it goes on your credit report.

How long before a student loan is in default?

After 270 days of student loan delinquency, your loan goes into default. At that point, the consequences can be serious. The loan payments are due immediately in full, along with interest and any fees, fines, and penalties. The government can garnish 15% of your wages or take your tax refund to collect what you owe, and your loan servicer could take you to court.

Can delinquent student loans be removed from your credit report?

Eventually, yes. Typically, a delinquent student loan remains on your credit report for up to seven years.

How can you fix a delinquent student loan?

If your student loan is delinquent, call your loan servicer or lender right away to see what options you might have. For instance, if you’re struggling to afford your monthly payments, you may be able to switch to an income-driven repayment plan, which is based on your discretionary income and family size, and typically lowers your payments. Other possible options include deferment or forbearance to temporarily reduce or postpone your loan payments.

Does a single late student loan payment affect your credit score?

Missing just one federal student loan payment generally shouldn’t affect your credit score as long as you make the missed payment as soon as possible. After 90 days, delinquent federal student loans are reported to the credit bureaus and go on your credit report.

With private student loans, it depends on the policy of the lender. In general, you may have up to 30 days before a missed payment ends up on your credit report.

SoFi Student Loan Refinance
Terms and conditions apply. SoFi Refinance Student Loans are private loans. When you refinance federal loans with a SoFi loan, YOU FORFEIT YOUR ELIGIBILITY FOR ALL FEDERAL LOAN BENEFITS, including all flexible federal repayment and forgiveness options that are or may become available to federal student loan borrowers including, but not limited to: Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF), Income-Based Repayment, Income-Contingent Repayment, extended repayment plans, PAYE or SAVE. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. Learn more at SoFi.com/eligibility. SoFi Refinance Student Loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891 (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org).

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SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.