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Student Loan Consolidation Rates: What to Expect

It’s possible to consolidate or refinance your student loans into one loan with a single monthly payment. The major difference between these two options is that consolidation is offered through the federal government for federal student loans only. Refinancing is done with a private lender and can include both federal and private student loans.

Consolidating your student loans typically does not lower your interest rate. With refinancing, you get a new interest rate that could be lower, depending on your eligibility.

Understanding the differences between consolidation vs. refinancing — and the way student loan consolidation rates work compared to the way refinancing rates work — is critical before deciding to take the plunge.

Key Points

•   Student loan consolidation combines multiple federal loans into one federal loan through the Direct Loan Consolidation program.

•   The new interest rate from consolidation is the weighted average of previous loans, rounded up to the nearest one-eighth of a percent.

•   Refinancing student loans through private lenders can include both federal and private loans, potentially lowering the interest rate based on personal credit history.

•   Refinancing results in the loss of federal loan benefits, such as forgiveness programs and income-driven repayment plans.

•   It’s crucial to compare both consolidation and refinancing options to determine which option best suits individual financial situations and goals.

What Is Federal Student Loan Consolidation?

You can combine all your federal student loans into one loan by taking out a Direct Consolidation Loan from the government. In order to get a Direct Consolidation Loan, you must have at least one Direct Loan or one Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL).

How Federal Consolidation Affects Your Interest Rate

When you consolidate student loans with the federal government through the Direct Loan Consolidation program, it does not typically result in interest rate savings. That’s because the new student loan consolidation interest rate is the weighted average of your prior interest rates, rounded up to the nearest one-eighth of a percent.

Benefits of Federal Loan Consolidation

Consolidating your loans may simplify the repayment process if you have multiple loan servicers. With consolidation, you combine all your loans into one loan with one payment. This can make it easier to stay on top of your payments.

Consolidation may also help lower your monthly payments by giving you up to 30 years to repay the loan. Just be aware that with an extended loan term you’ll end up paying more in interest over the life of the loan.

Finally, consolidating your loans may give you access to federal loan forgiveness through an income-driven repayment (IDR) plan, or the Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF) program.

What Is Student Loan Refinancing?

When you refinance student loans, it means you are borrowing a new loan which is then used to pay off the existing student loans you have. You can refinance both federal and private student loans. However, it’s important to note that when you refinance student loans with a private lender, you lose access to federal loan forgiveness programs and payment assistance programs, such as income-driven repayment plans and student loan deferment.

How Refinancing Can Lower Your Interest Rate

When you refinance with a private lender, the new loan will have a new interest rate and terms, which are based on factors such as an individual’s credit history, employment history, and debt-to-income ratio.
Borrowers may have the choice between a fixed or variable interest rate. In some cases, borrowers who refinance to a lower interest rate may be able to spend less in interest over the life of the loan.

To get an idea of what refinancing your student loans could look like with a lower rate, you can use this student loan refinancing calculator.

Who Qualifies for the Best Refinancing Rates

Borrowers with a strong credit history, a stable income, a history of steady employment, and a low debt-to-income ratio typically qualify for the best refinancing rates.

In order to get the lowest refinancing rates, borrowers generally need an “excellent” credit score, which FICO defines as 800 or higher.

Recommended: How to Build Credit

Comparing Student Loan Refinancing and Consolidation

As previously mentioned, consolidation can be completed for federal student loans through a Direct Consolidation Loan. Refinancing is completed with private lenders and can be done with either federal and/or private loans.

There are pros and cons of consolidating and also of refinancing. For example, Direct Loan Consolidation allows borrowers to retain the federal benefits and borrower protections that come with their federal loans, while refinancing does not.

Depending on how a borrower’s financial situation and credit profile has changed since they originally took out their student loans, refinancing could allow borrowers to secure a more competitive rate or preferable terms. Consolidating doesn’t typically result in a lower rate or save borrowers money.

When Consolidation Makes More Sense

Consolidation may be the better choice for you if you have federal Direct or FFEL loans and if any of these factors apply to your situation:

•   You need federal programs and protections like federal forgiveness or income-driven repayment plans.

•   You want to streamline your monthly loan payments.

•   You want to lower your monthly payments by extending your loan term for up to 30 years through a Direct Consolidation Loan. Just be aware that you’ll pay more interest over the life of the loan if you extend your loan term.

When Refinancing Is the Better Option

Refinancing may be the right option for you in the following situations:

•   You only have private student loans or you have federal loans but don’t need the federal benefits that come with them.

•   Your financial situation and credit profile have improved since you originally took out your student loans.

If you meet the criteria above, refinancing may allow you to secure a more competitive rate or preferable terms. An interest rate that’s even just a few percentage points lower than your current rate could save you thousands of dollars over the life of the loan.

Private Student Loan Refinancing Rates

It may be possible for borrowers to qualify for a more competitive interest rate by refinancing their student loans with a private lender. As noted previously, the rate you get typically depends on your total financial picture, including your credit history, income, and employment history.

Fixed vs. Variable Rate Options

Borrowers can choose between fixed rates and variable rates when refinancing. Fixed rate loans have a rate that remains the same over the life of the loan. Variable rate loans are tied to market conditions and may fluctuate up or down.

As of late May 2025, current student loan refinance rates with SoFi start at 4.49% APR with all discounts for fixed rate loans, and 5.99% APR with all discounts for variable rate loans.

Why Interest Rates Aren’t the Only Thing to Consider

Interest rates aren’t the only consideration when deciding whether to consolidate or refinance. It’s important to carefully weigh the other potential implications of both options.

Federal Benefits You Might Lose When Refinancing

If you refinance with a private lender, you’ll no longer be eligible for federal loan protections, including federal forgiveness, such as PSLF and Teacher Loan Forgiveness; access to income-driven repayment plans; and deferment and forbearance.

Term Length Considerations

With a Direct Consolidation Loan, you might pay more interest overall for your loans, since consolidation usually lengthens your repayment term.

With refinancing, you could choose to lengthen your loan term to reduce your monthly payments, but doing so will increase the amount of interest you pay over the life of the loan. A shorter loan term can help you repay your loan faster, but it typically increases your monthly payments.

With either option, think carefully about how the loan term could affect your payments in the near and long term.

Steps to Apply for Consolidation

If you’re interested in federal student aid consolidation, this is the process to apply:

1.    The Direct Consolidation Loan application form is available online. Fill out the online application and submit it — the entire process takes less than 30 minutes, on average.

2.    You can select which loans you do and do not want to consolidate on your loan application. For instance, if you have a loan that will be paid off in a short amount of time, you might consider leaving it out of the consolidation.

3.    After submitting your application, it’s natural to wonder, how long does student loan consolidation take? The process is approximately four to six weeks from the date of submission, according to the Federal Student Aid office.

4.    Remember to keep making payments on your loans during the application process until you are notified that they have been paid off by your new Direct Consolidation Loan. Your first new payment will be due within 60 days of when your Direct Consolidation Loan is paid out.

Steps to Apply for Refinancing

If you think student loan refinancing makes more sense for you, complete the following steps:

1.    Research lenders. Private lenders that provide refinancing include banks, credit unions, and online lenders. Each one offers different rates and terms. Look at any fees they might charge, what kind of customer service they offer, and what their qualification requirements are.

2.    Shop around for the most favorable rates and terms. Each lender uses different criteria to determine if you’re eligible for a refinance loan and what rates and terms you may get. To find the best deal, you can prequalify for refinancing with several lenders. Prequalifying does not involve a hard credit inquiry, so your credit score won’t be affected.

3.    Choose a lender and apply. Once you’ve selected a lender, fill out and submit a loan application. Many lenders allow you to do this online. You’ll need to provide your personal, employment, and salary information as well as details about your student loans. Be sure to have documentation like pay stubs and loan paperwork on hand since you may need to provide it. The lender will do a hard credit check, which could temporarily cause your credit score to drop a few points.

4.    Typically, you’ll learn whether you’re approved within several days — and in some cases, even on the same day. Keep an eye out for correspondence from the new lender about your new payments and due dates.

The Takeaway

Consolidating federal student loans can be done through the federal government with a Direct Consolidation Loan. The interest rate on this type of loan is the weighted average of the interest rates on the loans you’re consolidating, rounded up to the nearest one-eighth of a percent. When you consolidate, you keep your federal benefits and protections.

Refinancing student loans allows borrowers to combine both federal and private student loans into a single new loan with a new interest rate. The rate may be variable or fixed, and will be determined by the lender based on criteria like market rates and the borrower’s credit history. Again, refinancing will eliminate any federal loans from borrower protections, including income-driven repayment plans and federal forgiveness.

Depending on an individual’s personal circumstances, either consolidation or refinancing may make more sense. If refinancing seems like an option for you, consider SoFi.

With SoFi, refinancing is fast, easy, and all online. We offer competitive fixed and variable rates.

FAQ

Is it better to consolidate or refinance your student loans?

Whether it’s better to consolidate or refinance your student loans depends on your specific situation and goals. If you have federal loans and want to combine them all into one loan to streamline and manage your payments, consolidation may be an option for you.

If you have private loans and your credit and financial history are strong and you’re hoping to lower your interest rate, refinancing may make sense for you. Refinancing could also be an option to consider in this case if you have federal loans and won’t need to use any of the federal benefits they offer, such as income-driven repayment or federal forgiveness.

How much can refinancing save on student loan interest?

How much refinancing can save a borrower on interest depends on the interest rate they qualify for. Borrowers with a strong credit history, steady employment, and a stable income typically qualify for lower rates. In general, an interest rate that is even just a few percentage points lower than your current rate could save you thousands of dollars.

Can you consolidate private and federal student loans together?

Private loans are not eligible for federal student loan consolidation. The only way to combine private and federal student loans is through student loan refinancing with a private lender. However, refinancing your federal loans forfeits your ability to access federal programs and protections, such as income-driven repayment and federal deferment.

Does consolidating or refinancing student loans hurt your credit?

Consolidating student loans does not hurt your credit since no credit check is required. Refinancing student loans involves a hard credit inquiry when you submit a formal loan application. That may cause your credit score to drop a few points temporarily.

How often can you refinance student loans?

There is no limit on how often you can refinance student loans — generally, you can refinance them as often as long as you qualify for refinancing. That said, you’ll likely want to make sure that refinancing will save you money on interest and/or help you get better loan terms. Also, if you refinance multiple times within a certain period of time, the multiple credit checks involved could temporarily negatively impact your credit score.


SoFi Student Loan Refinance
Terms and conditions apply. SoFi Refinance Student Loans are private loans. When you refinance federal loans with a SoFi loan, YOU FORFEIT YOUR ELIGIBILITY FOR ALL FEDERAL LOAN BENEFITS, including all flexible federal repayment and forgiveness options that are or may become available to federal student loan borrowers including, but not limited to: Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF), Income-Based Repayment, Income-Contingent Repayment, extended repayment plans, PAYE or SAVE. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers.
Learn more at SoFi.com/eligibility. SoFi Refinance Student Loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891 (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org).

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.


Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Non affiliation: SoFi isn’t affiliated with any of the companies highlighted in this article.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

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woman unpacking boxes

How to Move to Another State

Whether you’re a recent grad relocating to a city for job opportunities or a family heading cross-country to be closer to relatives, moving to another state represents a major change in your daily life.

It can be full of excitement (and some nostalgia), complicated, and expensive. Here are some things to keep in mind to make it go as smoothly as possible.

Key Points

•   Moving to another state typically costs $4,575 in moving expenses as of mid-2025.

•   Research potential neighborhoods, crime rates, school systems, and transportation options.

•   Choose a moving date, considering weekdays and off-peak seasons; select professional movers, comparing quotes to find the best deal.

•   Create a budget for moving, including unexpected costs; setting up a new home; and the expense of living in a new place while job-hunting, if applicable.

•   Sort, pack, and gather important documents for easy access.

Is It Hard to Move to Another State?

Generally speaking, moving to a new state may take some work, and planning for it might need to happen well in advance to ensure everything stays on track.

You’ll want to consider things like potential neighborhoods to live in, crime rates, the school system, transportation options, and walkability. Before you move, you may also want to think about what items you’ll want to take with you (and what you’ll need to donate), what your moving budget is, and whether it makes sense to hire professional movers.

A Simple Checklist For Moving Out of State

Sometimes, a good old-fashioned moving checklist is the easiest way to ensure things get done on time:

1. ⃞ Find a place to live. This means either renting or buying a home. You may need to stay in temporary housing until the new place is ready.

2. ⃞ Select a moving date. If your schedule is flexible and costs are a concern, consider moving during a weekday, which tends to be cheaper than the weekend, or in fall or winter, versus the very busy spring and summer seasons.

3. ⃞ Select a professional mover (if using one). Request a few quotes from reputable movers so you can find a good service and know your moving costs.

4. ⃞ Build a budget based on common moving expenses plus any other cost considerations unique to your move.

5. ⃞ Take stock of and sort your stuff about one month before the move. What needs to come along? What should be tossed? What can be given to charity? Start sorting, selling (there are plenty of places to sell your stuff), packing, trashing, and donating accordingly.

6. ⃞ Cancel old services/start new ones. Schedule the stoppage of utilities like cable, internet, gas, and electric, and set up installations at your new location. It could also be a good time to update or cancel gym memberships, delivery services, subscriptions, etc.

7. ⃞ Gather up boxes and packing supplies. About three weeks before the move, start securing boxes, rolls of packing tape, bubble wrap, and other supplies.

8. ⃞ Pack it all up. You might wait until moving day to get the toothpaste into the “personal items” box, but the two weeks before the move can be spent packing belongings and gathering important documents like leases, moving contracts, and moving expense receipts. See if friends and family can help with this task.

9. ⃞ Say farewell. It might sound cheesy, but giving a thoughtful goodbye to any home that housed you can be helpful for moving ahead. Perhaps the last pie from your favorite local pizzeria is in order.

Recommended: Guide to Unsecured Personal Loans

How Much Money Should You Save to Move Out of State?

When planning how to move to another state, knowing how much to save to cover moving expenses is an important initial step.

The average cross-country move typically costs somewhere between $2,392 and $6,869, according to HomeAdvisor, with the average amount being around $4,575.

Several other factors can influence how much someone should save to move out of state, such as the number of items they’re moving, how far they’re going, and whether they plan to move themselves or hire professionals. In some cases, long distance moving costs could reach $10,000 or more.

Common Moving Expenses

To decide how much money to save for a move out of state, knowing the most common moving expenses can be helpful:

•   A deposit on the new place, which is typically first and last month’s rent/security on an apartment, or a down payment on a new house.

•   Moving costs, or the amount of money it takes to physically move items — whether with rented equipment or professional movers — from point A to point B. As previously mentioned, they average $4,575 for an out-of-state move, but this figure can vary depending on the distance of the move, how much you are transporting, and the company hired.

•   Transportation costs for traveling to the final destination. A fuel cost calculator can be a helpful tool to get an idea of how much to budget for this expense.

•   Packing supplies like boxes, packaging tape, bubble wrap, packing peanuts, markers, etc.

•   Cleaning supplies can get overlooked, but several surfaces might need scouring. From trash bags to all-purpose cleaners, carpet cleaning for pesky pet stains, mops, and more, having some funds saved for a clean slate can prove helpful in the moving process.

•   Repair and maintenance costs might arise from issues like holes in the walls from hanging artwork, a broken light fixture, a torn screen, etc. Taking out a home improvement loan ensures things can be up to snuff in both abodes.

•   New furniture and home decor can help warm up your new home on day one.

•   New driver’s licenses and registrations typically cost less than $100 for a license and up to $275 for a registration.

Recommended: How to Get Approved for a Personal Loan

Ways to Save When Moving to Another State

It can take a lot of time and energy to move to a different state. Luckily, there are several ways to save money in the process:

•   Using cash for moving expenses instead of racking up credit card debt can save money over time.

•   Selling unwanted items is a great way to create space, remove clutter, and acquire some extra moving funds.

•   Packing with free supplies like used boxes or bubble wrap from friends, family or even the town “free stuff” page can help save lots versus buying brand new.

•   Getting help from friends can help you save time which, in turn, can save you money. They can help with sorting, packing, cleaning, and even selling old items to their network.

•   Asking an employer to help with relocation costs can potentially be negotiated, especially if you’re sticking with them in the new state.

•   Relocation loans can be a solid saving option when you need quick cash to move to another state. They can cover a wide range of moving costs, from deposits to storage to professional movers, transportation, and even hotel stays.

The Takeaway

Moving out of state often requires detailed planning, preparation, and lots of considerations — like how to sort and pack belongings, whether to hire professional movers, what the moving budget is, and how to secure funds for moving costs. In terms of financing, ideas include using cash instead of credit, selling unwanted items to raise money, asking an employer for relocation assistance, or taking out a personal loan.

Think twice before turning to high-interest credit cards. Consider a SoFi personal loan instead. SoFi offers competitive fixed rates and same-day funding. See your rate in minutes.


SoFi’s Personal Loan was named a NerdWallet 2026 winner for Best Personal Loan for Large Loan Amounts.

FAQ

Is $10,000 enough to move out of state?

Yes, technically $10,000 should more than cover moving expenses. However, also consider the cost of setting up a new home, paying security on a new place, and potentially not having income while you job-hunt. This can mean you may need more than $10,000 when moving out of state.

What is the average cost of moving out of state?

As of mid-2025, the average cost for moving out-of-state is $4,575, according to HomeAdvisor.

What is the cheapest way to move out of state?

A DIY approach is often the most economical way to move out of state. That can mean finding free moving supplies (check freecycle sites and friends who recently relocated), getting help with packing from friends and family, and renting a truck and driving yourself to your new home state.



SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.


*Awards or rankings from NerdWallet are not indicative of future success or results. This award and its ratings are independently determined and awarded by their respective publications.

Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

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How to Build an Outdoor Kitchen

Outdoor kitchen can be a fun and functional addition to your home, but they come with a significant amount of work needed and a hefty price tag, with an average of $16,840 in mid-2025.

Whether you’re looking to spruce up your barbecue area or design a fully equipped kitchen, there are plenty of options and logistics when it comes to building an outdoor kitchen. This guide will go through the steps required, along with some typical costs and considerations for making your home improvement dreams a reality.

Key Points

•   An outdoor kitchen, which currently costs an average of $16,840, can add functionality and value to your home.

•   Choose a location considering existing structures, slope, and distance from the house.

•   Plan essential features like grills, sinks, and refrigerators, and ensure durable, weather-resistant materials for countertops and cabinets.

•   Consider lighting options, including solar lights.

•   Add a shelter like a gazebo or awning for protection and longevity.

Settling on a Location

Before diving into the details of outdoor kitchen designs, settling on a location can help focus your planning and creativity. For starters, you can take stock of existing structures in the yard that could be incorporated into the design, such as patios and decks.

When envisioning options, measure the square footage of potential kitchen areas. This can inform what types of equipment and accessories will fit in the space you have.

Having some essential design features in mind, such as a grill or wood-fired pizza oven, could help guide the siting process, too. If you have your eyes on heavier equipment, like furniture or a bar, you may need to reinforce a deck or patio to safely accommodate the extra weight. Consulting with a professional contractor is advisable to prevent sagging in the floorboards or more severe damage that could lead to a complete backyard remodel.

Slope and distance from the house could also impact the feasibility and cost. Building on an inclined surface might require a more robust foundation than a level area. Situating an outdoor kitchen a greater distance from the home may add the expense of connecting electricity or plumbing, not to mention the practicality of walking back and forth. Adding outlets can cost between $75 and $500 each, according to the home improvement site Angi.

If possible, use existing structures or buildings next to the house to reduce such costs, and integrate an outdoor kitchen with the rest of the living space.

If you need help paying for your backyard sanctuary, a personal loan may be one option to consider. Personal loans are repaid with monthly payments of principal plus interest.

Generally, there is considerable freedom regarding how the borrower spends the money, whether on an outdoor kitchen (a home improvement loan is a kind of personal loan tailored for this purpose) or paying off credit card debt.

Recommended: What Are the Most Common Home Repair Costs?

Creating an Outdoor Kitchen Design

After hashing out where to build, it’s time to delve into the details of the outdoor kitchen design. While browsing through dream kitchens on HGTV can provide inspiration and creative ideas, being realistic with your budget and desired kitchen features can keep you on track.

To avoid the impulse of keeping up with the Joneses (or FOMO spending), it may be beneficial to make a ranked list of possible equipment and design components alongside a budget.

Keeping in mind your own cooking habits and diet can be a useful litmus test to determine what you may use frequently and what could likely accumulate dust. It’s also worth considering how many people you’d like to accommodate.

If you’re overwhelmed with ideas but don’t know where to begin, finding a focal point to design around is one option to consider. For instance, barbecue connoisseurs may want to orient the outdoor kitchen design around the grill, whereas skilled mixologists might prefer to showcase their craft behind a central bar area.

Here are some further ideas for accessories and appliances to outfit an outdoor kitchen.

Grill

A built-in grill can look sharp and tailored within an outdoor kitchen design, but it can’t be wheeled away for additional entertainment space when you’re not cooking. Opting for a freestanding grill could help stretch your budget further and add some flexibility to an outdoor kitchen design.

Kitchen Island

Adding a kitchen island for a mixed-use of counter space and seating can further integrate the cooking and dining space to bring everyone together at a dinner party or family gathering. Opting for the roll-away variety can help you customize an outdoor kitchen depending on the occasion.

Sink

Including a sink in an outdoor kitchen is useful for cooking, easy clean up, and sanitation. The practicality of installing a sink and plumbing also depends on how far the outdoor kitchen is from the house. Carrying dirty dishes and pans a short distance for washing inside may not be worth the added cost of plumbing for some people.

Refrigerator

Whether storing food or drinks, a fridge can keep an outdoor kitchen stocked and ready and cut down on trips between the house. This requires running electricity for ongoing operation. For a full-size fridge, you can expect the cost to average between $400 and $4,000.

Countertops

As the cook in any family can attest, counter space is a big help when it comes to staging and preparing food. On top of stains and wear and tear over time, outdoor kitchen countertops may need to be weather resistant, too.

Marble is a popular interior countertop surface, but its cost and vulnerability to staining and wear mean it’s not the most durable. Some more hardy choices include slate and granite. Tile is a cheaper sturdy alternative, but typically requires more maintenance to clean the grout and replace cracked pieces.

For a functional amount of space, consider having at least 12-18 inches on each side of a sink, as well as 18-24 inches on either side of a grill.

Cabinets

To house all your outdoor kitchen utensils, pots, and pans in one place, cabinets are a good bet. Similar to the countertops, durability is a key factor to consider alongside cost. Using a marine-grade paint or stain on wood cabinets can improve their weather resistance and tie in the outdoor kitchen design with the house.

Lighting

Unless the outdoor kitchen will be built on an existing porch or patio, adding lighting may be a necessary investment to make a backyard dinner party possible. As mentioned, extending electrical wiring and adding outlets comes with costs. Given that as much as 15% of home energy expenditures go towards lighting, going with solar lights could save on the electric bill and wiring.

Landscaping

After construction is completed, landscaping can further beautify the outdoor kitchen space and provide privacy and shade in the way of bushes or trees. Landscaping costs can be several hundred dollars for smaller jobs, though this is an easier opportunity than say plumbing or electric to recoup some money as a DIY project.

Recommended: 20 Beautiful Small-Kitchen Remodel Ideas

Choosing a Shelter

Even in the fairest of climates, having some protection from the sun and assurance you won’t be caught in the rain can be an asset to an outdoor kitchen design. In addition to making a more comfortable space, a shelter could also increase the lifespan of your outdoor kitchen equipment and furniture.

Check out some possible options that can protect and enhance an outdoor kitchen design.

Awning

Awnings are an option for shading an outdoor kitchen area. Based on size and materials used, a built-in awning costs between $1,409 and $4,350 on average.

Canvas awnings are not the most durable choice for areas that can have harsh weather conditions, but they can be removed and stored during winter and inclement weather to extend their lifespan. Metal awnings are another option, and are generally cheaper and sturdier. Upgrading to a mechanically retractable awning will likely increase cost, but can be handy in locations where weather changes quickly and frequently.

Gazebo

A framed gazebo can protect furniture and kitchen equipment while creating a comfortable space for cooking and dining. Whereas awnings are often attached to a structure or need to be taken down seasonally, gazebos can offer longevity and more options for placement.

Pergola

Composed of vertical posts and overhead cross-beams with open lattice, pergolas can add some architectural appeal to an outdoor kitchen area. The structure is well-suited for growing vines to increase shade while allowing for ample breeze. Currently, costs are estimated at $2,100 to $6,100, depending on size, design, complexity, and where you live.

Recommended: How to Apply for a Personal Loan

The Takeaway

After figuring out the location, dimensions, and trimmings for your outdoor kitchen design, you can begin itemizing building or remodeling costs within a budget. The average cost in mid-2025 is $16,840. If you come to realize you’re biting off more than you can chew, you could do the project in pieces. There are also options to finance an outdoor kitchen project, such as personal loans.

Think twice before turning to high-interest credit cards. Consider a SoFi personal loan instead. SoFi offers competitive fixed rates and same-day funding. See your rate in minutes.


SoFi’s Personal Loan was named a NerdWallet 2026 winner for Best Personal Loan for Large Loan Amounts.

FAQ

How much does it cost to build an outdoor kitchen?

As of mid-2025, the average cost of an outdoor kitchen is $16,840, according to Angi, the home improvement site.

Can I build an outdoor kitchen myself?

Yes, it’s possible to DIY an outdoor kitchen if you are skilled at home improvement projects. Outdoor kitchens can be simple or very complicated, involving electrical wiring, sloping site accommodations, and gazebo construction. Make your decision accordingly.

Does an outdoor kitchen add value to your home?

Yes, an outdoor kitchen typically adds value to your home, estimated at anywhere from 50% to 200% of what your costs were.



SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.


*Awards or rankings from NerdWallet are not indicative of future success or results. This award and its ratings are independently determined and awarded by their respective publications.

Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

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Should You Refinance Your Student Loans?

If refinancing your student loans could save you money or make your monthly loan payments more manageable, it may be time to consider a refinance. When you refinance student loans, you replace your existing loans with a new loan from a private lender. Ideally, the new loan would have better rates and terms, if you can qualify for them.

Refinancing isn’t always the right choice, however. There are times when it may not be in your favor. If you’re wondering, should I refinance my student loans?, here’s what you need to know.

Key Points

•   Refinancing student loans can potentially save borrowers money through lower interest rates and reduced monthly payments.

•   A good credit score is needed to qualify for the best refinancing offers and terms.

•   Borrowers who want to switch from variable to fixed interest rates (or vice versa) can do so by refinancing.

•   Refinancing federal loans results in losing eligibility for federal forgiveness and income-driven repayment programs.

•   Weighing pros and cons is crucial, especially for those with federal student loans, to determine if refinancing is beneficial.

When to Refinance Student Loans

There are several situations in which refinancing student loans makes sense, including these instances:

You Have Private Student Loans With High Interest Rates

If you took out private student loans to help cover the cost of school and the interest you’re paying is high, refinancing may help you get a lower rate. This is especially true at times when interest rates are lower overall and/or when your financial history is solid.

If you qualify for an interest rate that’s even just a few points lower than your current rate, you could potentially save thousands of dollars. This could be one of the times when to refinance student loans. A student loan refinancing calculator can help you crunch the numbers to see what your specific savings might be.

Or perhaps you need to lower your monthly payment to help save money. One way to do this is to refinance your student loans with a longer loan term. This will reduce your payments, however, you will end up paying more in interest over the life of the loan. You could also lower your payment by getting a lower student loan refinancing rate, if possible, and keeping the term the same.

Your Credit Score is Good

Your eligibility to refinance student loans depends in part on your credit score. If you’ve spent time building your credit and you have a stable job, you may qualify for lower student loan refinancing rates.

You can also consider applying for a student loan refinance with a cosigner. If your cosigner has a stronger credit profile than you, you may be able to land a better rate on your refinance.

You can usually refinance student loans right after graduating, and as often as you want after that. Most lenders charge no fees to refinance.

You Have Multiple Loans

If you have several different student loans, refinancing allows you to combine them all into one loan. Basically, when you refinance, you take out a new loan, and that loan is used to pay off your existing loans. You then make payments on the new loan. It streamlines the repayment process since you have just one loan payment to make each month.

You can refinance both federal and private student loans, or a combination of both types, but be aware that refinancing federal loans with a private lender will forfeit your eligibility for federal benefits and protections.

You Qualify for Refinancing

Whether you qualify to refinance student loans depends in part on your credit score, as noted, along with your financial history, employment, and debt-to-income ratio (your monthly income vs. expenses). If you qualify, and ideally, if you can get a lower interest rate, you can save money by refinancing.

You Want to Remove a Cosigner

If you have a cosigner on your student loans and you’d like to remove them, refinancing is one way to do that — as long as you have the credit and financial history to qualify to refinance on your own. To remove the cosigner, take out the refinance loan in your own name only. The cosigner will not have any responsibility for the new loan.

You Want to Switch to Fixed Interest

If you have student loans with variable rates, and you’re concerned that interest rates will rise, you may want to consider refinancing to lock in a fixed rate on the new loan.

You Are Willing to Give Up Federal Benefits

Borrowers with federal student loans need to understand that refinancing these loans into a private student loan will eliminate the ability to participate in income-driven repayment plans, Public Service Loan Forgiveness, and federal deferment and forbearance.

If you are using these benefits or you plan to, it’s not recommended to refinance your student loans. Instead, you could consider student loan consolidation vs. refinancing. A federal student loan consolidation combines multiple loans into one, with the interest rate being the weighted average of the loans you are consolidating rounded up to the nearest one-eighth of a percent.

IMPORTANT: The projections or other information generated by this quiz regarding the likelihood of various outcomes are hypothetical in nature, do not reflect actual results, and are not guarantees of offers.

When Not to Refinance Student Loans

Just like there are times when refinancing may be a wise choice, there are also times when it’s best not to refinance your student loans. You’ll generally want to rule out refinancing in the following situations.

You Want to Use a Federal Loan Forgiveness Program

If you have federal student loans and you’re planning on taking advantage of federal loan forgiveness programs that cancel some of your debt after you meet certain qualifications, refinancing is not the right option for you. Refinancing federal loans into a new private loan makes them ineligible for federal benefits and programs.

You Work in Public Service or Education

Borrowers working in a public service job or as a teacher or educator should think twice about refinancing. If you keep your federal student loans, you may be able to qualify for Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF) or Teacher Loan Forgiveness. With PSLF, eligible borrowers who work in public service for a qualifying nonprofit organization or government agency may qualify for forgiveness from their remaining loan balance after making 120 qualifying payments.

With Teacher Loan Forgiveness, if you teach for five consecutive years in a low-income school or educational service agency and meet certain other qualifications, you may be eligible for forgiveness for up to $17,500 on certain federal student loans, including Direct Subsidized and Unsubsidized Loans.

Refinancing federal student loans means you lose access to these forgiveness programs.

You Need Flexible Repayment Options

If you need a payment plan that could make it easier to repay your federal student loans, income-driven repayment (IDR) is an option to consider. IDR plans base your payments on your discretionary income and family size. The repayment period ranges from 20 to 25 years on these plans.

There are three IDR plans borrowers can currently enroll in via an online application: the income- based repayment (IBR) plan, the income-contingent repayment (ICR) plan, and the Pay As You Earn (PAYE) repayment plan. On one of these plans, the IBR plan, the remainder of your student loan debt may be forgiven at the end of the repayment term.

If you refinance student loans, you will not be eligible for IDR plans.

You Have Poor Credit

Borrowers need good credit to qualify for refinancing, and they need good or excellent credit to be eligible for lower interest rates. If your credit is poor, it may be wise to hold off on refinancing and work on building your credit instead. You could always refinance later, when your financial situation improves and your credit is stronger.

The Takeaway

Knowing when and when not to refinance student loans is important. Refinancing your loans can make sense if it saves you money or helps you get more favorable loan terms. But if your credit isn’t strong enough to get a lower interest rate, or you have federal student loans and want to pursue federal programs like loan forgiveness, refinancing isn’t recommended.

Looking to lower your monthly student loan payment? Refinancing may be one way to do it — by extending your loan term, getting a lower interest rate than what you currently have, or both. (Please note that refinancing federal loans makes them ineligible for federal forgiveness and protections. Also, lengthening your loan term may mean paying more in interest over the life of the loan.) SoFi student loan refinancing offers flexible terms that fit your budget.


With SoFi, refinancing is fast, easy, and all online. We offer competitive fixed and variable rates.

FAQ

Can refinancing student loans reduce the cost of your total debt?

Yes, refinancing your student loans may reduce the total cost of your debt by reducing the amount of interest you pay over the life of the loan. You can do this by getting a lower interest rate (and keeping your loan term the same) and/or shortening your loan term.

What credit score do you need to refinance student loans?

The minimum credit score needed to refinance student loans varies from lender to lender, but according to FICO, a “good” credit score is 670 or higher. To get the best student loan refinance rates, you’ll want to have a good credit score and low debt-to-income ratio. If you don’t meet those requirements, you may want to consider refinancing with a cosigner or waiting until you build your credit.

How do I qualify for student loan refinancing?

To qualify for student loan refinancing, you need strong credit, a low debt-to-income ratio, and stable employment and a steady income. Some lenders may also require you to have your degree in order to refinance. If you don’t meet the refinancing qualifications, you could add a creditworthy cosigner to your loan application or wait to refinance when your financial situation improves.

What are the benefits of refinancing student loans?

The benefits of refinancing student loans include saving money if you can qualify for a lower interest rate, lower monthly payments if you extend your loan term, switching from a variable rate loan to a loan with a fixed rate, and removing a cosigner from your loan if that is something you are looking to do. Just be aware that refinancing federal student loans makes them ineligible for federal programs and protections.

Can student loans be forgiven if you refinance?

No, student loans cannot be forgiven if you refinance. Refinancing federal loans into private loans makes them ineligible for forgiveness. If you have federal student loans and you would like to pursue federal loan forgiveness, refinancing is not the recommended option for you.


SoFi Student Loan Refinance
Terms and conditions apply. SoFi Refinance Student Loans are private loans. When you refinance federal loans with a SoFi loan, YOU FORFEIT YOUR ELIGIBILITY FOR ALL FEDERAL LOAN BENEFITS, including all flexible federal repayment and forgiveness options that are or may become available to federal student loan borrowers including, but not limited to: Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF), Income-Based Repayment, Income-Contingent Repayment, extended repayment plans, PAYE or SAVE. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers.
Learn more at SoFi.com/eligibility. SoFi Refinance Student Loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891 (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org).

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.


Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Non affiliation: SoFi isn’t affiliated with any of the companies highlighted in this article.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Third Party Trademarks: Certified Financial Planner Board of Standards Center for Financial Planning, Inc. owns and licenses the certification marks CFP®, CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER®

External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

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turquoise crib in nursery

How Much Does it Cost to Adopt a Child?

While opening up your home and your heart to a new child may seem like the natural next step for you and your family, the process can actually be pretty complicated — and costly. Currently, costs are estimated at between $10,000 and $50,000 to adopt a child.

There are a few different adoption methods and each comes with its own unique costs and fees. Read on for a breakdown of some expenses you might run into in the adoption process.

Key Points

•   Adoption, whether from foster care, domestically, or internationally, can be an important way to welcome a child to your family.

•   Adopting from foster care is often low-cost or free, with possible state or federal reimbursements.

•   Private and international adoptions can cost $10,000 to $50,000 or more, including legal, medical, and travel fees.

•   A home study is required for most adoptions and can cost several thousand dollars.

•   Tax credits, employer benefits, grants, and personal loans can help families finance the cost of adoption.

Cost of Adoption from Foster Care

Adopting a child from foster care tends to be less expensive than other options. The process is often funded by the state and, typically, there are few or no fees passed on to the parents. However, some parents may opt to hire a private agency to help them through the process, which can come with out-of-pocket expenses. Parents may be able to recoup some or all of these costs through federal or state programs once the adoption is completed.

Home Study

One of the most important costs to account for in any adoption is the home study, which is when the prospective parents’ home is screened so that the adoption agency or a social worker can get a sense of their day-to-day life. While the cost of a home study might be included in the overall adoption fee from a private agency, the fees can range from a few hundred dollars to a few thousand dollars.

Foster care adoptions will also generally have a home study where a social worker observes the interaction between the potential adoptive parents and the child. In some cases, there may be state or federal programs to offset the cost of a home visit.

Tax Credits for Foster Care (and Other) Adoptions

The tax code currently offers an adoption tax credit that can help offset some of the costs involved in adoption, whether you adopt via public foster care, domestic private adoption, or international adoption. The total amount of adoption credits will depend on the tax year, so it’s a good idea to talk to an accountant for more specifics.

Families adopting children from foster care might also qualify for other types of federal assistance depending on the child’s eligibility. This assistance might include:

•   A one-time, non-recurring reimbursement for adoption transaction costs

•   Recurring monthly maintenance payments for the child’s care (Not to exceed what the state would have paid to keep the child in foster care).

Children adopted through foster care may also be eligible for health insurance coverage under Medicaid, and other medical assistance to cover some or all of the child’s needs like special education or therapy.

Planning for Private Agency Adoption

Private adoption costs in the U.S. can vary from state to state. According to the Children’s Bureau, the cost of a private, agency-assisted adoption can range anywhere from $10,000 to $50,000.

Court Documentation Fees

Legal representation for the adoptive parents can currently run from $2,500 to $12,000. Depending on the state, these fees may or may not be covered as part of an agency’s overall pricing.

Independent Adoption Costs

Some families choose to adopt a child without the assistance of an adoption agency and instead work directly through an attorney. It might seem like a cost-saving measure at first, but pricing can still vary. Expenses might be low if you match with a birth parent through word of mouth, or if the birth mother’s expenses are minimal.

However, these adoption costs can still range from around $15,000 to $45,000. This typically includes most of the same costs of any other domestic adoption, including the home study, the birth mom’s medical expenses, and legal and court fees for the adoptive parents and birth parents.

Recommended: Common Financial Mistakes First-Time Parents Make

Expenses for Intercountry Adoption

Adoption fees will differ depending on which country you plan to adopt a child from. Intercountry adoption costs tend to be higher than a U.S.-based adoption because there is usually foreign travel and immigration processing to factor into the equation, in addition to other higher court costs, mandatory adoption education, and other documentation. The average cost can range from $32,000 to $66,000 for a foreign adoption.

Costs can depend on the organization managing the adoption as well — whether it’s the government, private agency, orphanage, non-profit organization, private attorney, or some combination of the above. Some intercountry adoptions are finalized in the child’s home country, while others must be finalized in the United States. Finalizing an adoption in U.S. court can come with extra costs, but also provides additional legal protections and documentation.

Other costs to adopt a child from another country can include:

• Escort fees for when/if parents can’t travel to accompany the child to the U.S.
• Medical care and treatment for the child
• Translation fees
• Foreign attorney or foreign agency fees
• Passport and visa processing
• Counseling and support after placement

Recommended: New Parent’s Guide to Setting Up a Will

Financing the Cost of Adoption

So, with costs ranging from at least a few thousand dollars to up to $60,000 or more, funding an adoption may require some planning. Financially preparing for a child typically means looking into all associated costs, including raising your new child and tackling your own debt.

Some employers may offer financial and other support to help with the adoption process. These policies include financial reimbursement and paid leave for adoption, among other benefits.

Additionally, companies with 50 or more employees are required by federal law to grant parental leave to employees who have adopted a child. Mothers and fathers are eligible for up to 12 weeks of unpaid leave after the birth or adoption of a new child.

Grants and loans also exist to help with the cost of adoption and can help with any type of legal adoption, whether a foster care adoption, private agency, or overseas adoption. Most grants and loans have their own eligibility criteria based on things like marital status, income level, and other specifics.

You can also consider taking out a personal loan to help cover the cost of adoption. Some lenders actually offer “adoption loans,” which are typically personal loans designed to cover costs associated with adopting a child.

A personal loan is typically an unsecured loan in which the borrower receives a lump sum of cash (from a couple of thousand to $100,000). They then repay it with interest in installments, usually over a term of one to seven years.

Recommended: 5 Tips for Saving for a Baby

The Takeaway

The cost of adopting a child can vary widely, from a few thousand dollars to $60,000 or more. Foster care adoptions tend to be less expensive than private agency or intercountry adoptions. There are state or federal tax credits and programs that can help offset the cost of adoption. Other resources to pay for adoption include grants and personal loans.

Think twice before turning to high-interest credit cards. Consider a SoFi personal loan instead. SoFi offers competitive fixed rates and same-day funding. See your rate in minutes.


SoFi’s Personal Loan was named a NerdWallet 2026 winner for Best Personal Loan for Large Loan Amounts.

FAQ

What is the least expensive way to adopt?

The least expensive way to adopt is via foster care. This can, in some cases, be free or cost a few thousand dollars, which is much less than private adoption.

How much does it cost to adopt a child in the U.S.?

Private adoption typically costs between $10,000 and $60,000+ depending on whether it’s domestic or international. Adoption via foster care can be more affordable, with costs ranging from no charges incurred to a few thousand dollars.

Is it cheaper to adopt or have a baby?

Adoption can be very expensive (up to $60,000 or more), so it is usually considered cheaper to have a baby.


About the author

Julia Califano

Julia Califano

Julia Califano is an award-winning journalist who covers banking, small business, personal loans, student loans, and other money issues for SoFi. She has over 20 years of experience writing about personal finance and lifestyle topics. Read full bio.



SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.


*Awards or rankings from NerdWallet are not indicative of future success or results. This award and its ratings are independently determined and awarded by their respective publications.

Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Tax Information: This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or tax advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or tax advice.

This article is not intended to be legal advice. Please consult an attorney for advice.


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