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The Federal Reserve is the U.S. central bank system. The Fed implements monetary policy in order to stabilize the economy, monitor interest rates, and keep unemployment low. It is the most powerful economic institution in the country, and one of the most important in the world.

The Federal Reserve System has far-ranging roles and responsibilities in the economy, and has been around for more than a century. It can be very important for consumers to understand what it is, and what it does, to help inform their financial planning strategies and decisions.

Why Was the Federal Reserve Created?

Throughout the 19th century, there was no central bank in the U.S., and the banking system was fraught with bank failures and “bank runs,” where depositors would rush to banks to withdraw all of their money. To create a safer and more stable bank system, President Woodrow Wilson signed the 1913 Federal Reserve Act.

The Fed is actually an intricate system that consists of several different parts. These are the three bodies of the Fed:

The Federal Reserve Board of Governors

The Board of Governors consists of seven board members that oversee the Federal Reserve System. This includes the chairman and vice chairman. Jerome Powell has been chair of the Fed since 2018. Before him, the chairman of the Federal Reserve was Janet Yellen.

The Board of Governors is based in D.C. and reports to Congress. Board members are appointed by the U.S. president and serve staggered 14-year terms (so the entire board isn’t replaced in a single year). The chairman and vice chairman serve four-year terms and may be reappointed at the end of their term.

Federal Reserve Branches

There are 12 Federal Reserve districts in major cities throughout the country that act as the operating arms of the Federal Reserve.

You wouldn’t walk into a Federal Reserve bank and open up a checking account, though. Rather, Federal Reserve banks work with other institutions, such as banks and credit unions, and the U.S. Treasury. They provide services like holding deposits for banks, processing payments, and issuing and redeeming government securities.

The Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC)

The committee comprises all members of the Board of Governors and five rotating Reserve Bank presidents. Although not all Reserve Bank presidents vote, all participate in policy discussions.

The FOMC meets eight times a year to review economic trends and vote on new monetary policy measures. During these meetings, the committee will set a federal funds rate. The FOMC may also take steps to control the money supply.

What Does the Federal Reserve Do?

The Federal Reserve has several primary functions:

Setting Monetary Policy

One of the primary roles of the FOMC is to set monetary policy. With monetary policy, there are typically two primary goals: Maximum employment and stable inflation.

Often, we hear about monetary policy in terms of the setting of the federal funds rate. This is the rate at which banks charge each other on an overnight basis.

A bank might need to borrow money from another bank in order to meet the Fed’s minimum reserve requirement, the amount of cash the bank needs to have available in its reserves to cover consumer withdrawals and activity.

The federal funds rate as set by the FOMC may influence other interest rates. In this way, the federal funds rate can be used as a tool to encourage or restrict borrowing. For example, the Fed may attempt to fight inflation by raising the federal funds rate, making borrowing more expensive. Conversely, the Fed may lower that same rate — making it easier to borrow and spend money — in an attempt to ward off a recession.

But this isn’t the only monetary policy that the FOMC is engaged in. According to the Federal Reserve, its main tool for controlling the money supply is “open market operations,” which is the buying and selling of government securities, like treasury bills. It may do this in conjunction with a rate change or other strategies.

Recommended: What Is Fractional Reserve Banking?

The federal funds rate as set by the FOMC may influence other interest rates. In this way, the federal funds rate can be used as a tool to encourage or restrict borrowing. For example, the Fed may attempt to fight inflation by raising the federal funds rate. Conversely, the Fed may lower that same rate in an attempt to ward off a recession.

But this isn’t the only monetary policy that the FOMC is engaged in. According to the Federal Reserve, its main tool for controlling the money supply is “open market operations,” which is the buying and selling of government securities, like treasury bills. They may do this in conjunction with a rate change or other strategies.

Regulating Banks

To ensure the safety and solvency of the nation’s banking and financial system, the Fed regulates banks and other financial services institutions. This is done not only for the protection of the consumer but to promote stability within the banking system.

The Board of Governors typically sets guidelines for member banks through policy regulation and supervision. The Reserve Banks then examine member banks to ensure that they comply with existing laws and regulations. Often, new guidelines are created because of legislation that has been passed through Congress.

Overseeing Payment Systems

The Fed provides financial services to the U.S. government, major financial institutions, and foreign official institutions. The Fed acts as the depository institution for the U.S. Treasury — essentially, the Treasury’s checking account.

The Fed also plays a major role in operating and overseeing the nation’s payment systems. In addition to making sure there is enough currency in circulation, the Fed clears millions of checks and processes electronic payments. Social Security checks and the payrolls of government institutions are processed by the Fed.

Limiting Risk

At the end of the day, the Federal Reserve wants to control risks to the economy and financial markets (such as the stock market) as best it can. It utilizes a number of measures, including those discussed above, in order to best achieve this stability.

How Does the Federal Reserve Affect You?

Although you might not always feel it, the Federal Reserve enacts policies and makes decisions that affect the lives of everyday Americans.

Although the Fed does not set rates like mortgage rates and credit card interest rates, those rates can shift as the Fed Funds rate does.

An increase or decrease in interest rates can affect consumers in plenty of ways. If overall rates increase, then it becomes more expensive to be a borrower. Variable interest rates may rise, and any new debt will be issued at higher rates.

The rates at which money is flowing freely throughout an economy may also have rippling impacts. For example, when rates are low and access to money is cheap, businesses may borrow money in order to invest in development or expand operations. If there is too much money in circulation, inflation may increase. This could cause the prices of everyday goods, like groceries, to increase as well.

The Takeaway

One of the Fed’s goals is promoting an economy that supports maximum employment. If it is not able to succeed using the tools at its disposal, people may lose jobs, and unemployment may increase. This could also have effects throughout the greater economy, such as decreased consumer spending and overall slowed economic growth.

Keeping an eye on what the Fed does, and why it’s doing it, can provide valuable information when budgeting and determining how to meet financial goals. Issues like unemployment and inflation can affect the markets, which in turn can have an impact on your financial plans.

Interested in opening an online bank account? When you sign up for a SoFi Checking and Savings account with eligible direct deposit, you’ll get a competitive annual percentage yield (APY), pay zero account fees, and enjoy an array of rewards, such as access to the Allpoint Network of 55,000+ fee-free ATMs globally. Qualifying accounts can even access their paycheck up to two days early.

FAQ

What is the Federal Reserve?

The Federal Reserve is the U.S. central bank system. The Fed implements monetary policy in order to stabilize the economy, monitor interest rates, and keep unemployment low. It is the most powerful economic institution in the country, and one of the most important in the world.

What does the Federal Reserve do?

The Federal Reserve has two primary goals: Maximize employment in the U.S. economy, and keep prices stable. It does so by utilizing monetary policy, and tools such as interest rates.

Does the Fed regulate banks?

The Fed regulates banks and other financial services institutions to ensure solvency throughout the financial system. The Board of Governors typically sets guidelines for member banks through policy regulation and supervision. The Reserve Banks then examine member banks to ensure that they comply with existing laws and regulations.

SoFi Checking and Savings is offered through SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. The SoFi® Bank Debit Mastercard® is issued by SoFi Bank, N.A., pursuant to license by Mastercard International Incorporated and can be used everywhere Mastercard is accepted. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

*Awards or rankings from NerdWallet are not indicative of future success or results. This award and its ratings are independently determined and awarded by their respective publications.

Annual percentage yield (APY) is variable and subject to change at any time. Rates are current as of 12/23/25. There is no minimum balance requirement. Fees may reduce earnings. Additional rates and information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet

Eligible Direct Deposit means a recurring deposit of regular income to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government benefit payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Eligible Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network every 31 calendar days.

Although we do our best to recognize all Eligible Direct Deposits, a small number of employers, payroll providers, benefits providers, or government agencies do not designate payments as direct deposit. To ensure you're earning the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit, we encourage you to check your APY Details page the day after your Eligible Direct Deposit posts to your SoFi account. If your APY is not showing as the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit, contact us at 855-456-7634 with the details of your Eligible Direct Deposit. As long as SoFi Bank can validate those details, you will start earning the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit from the date you contact SoFi for the next 31 calendar days. You will also be eligible for the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit on future Eligible Direct Deposits, as long as SoFi Bank can validate them.

Deposits that are not from an employer, payroll, or benefits provider or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, Wise, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, or are non-recurring in nature (e.g., IRS tax refunds), do not constitute Eligible Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Eligible Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate. SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder's Eligible Direct Deposit activity to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility.

See additional details at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.
We do not charge any account, service or maintenance fees for SoFi Checking and Savings. We do charge a transaction fee to process each outgoing wire transfer. SoFi does not charge a fee for incoming wire transfers, however the sending bank may charge a fee. Our fee policy is subject to change at any time. See the SoFi Bank Fee Sheet for details at sofi.com/legal/banking-fees/.

SOBNK-Q225-055

When financing higher education, understanding the differences between Direct Subsidized and Direct Unsubsidized Loans is essential. Both are federal student loans offered by the U.S. Department of Education, but they vary in terms of eligibility, interest accrual, and repayment responsibilities.

Keep reading to learn the similarities and differences between subsidized and unsubsidized loans, plus additional ways to pay for college.

What Is a Direct Subsidized Loan?

Direct Subsidized Loans are available only to undergraduate students, and they are awarded based on financial need.

The U.S. government pays the interest on Direct Subsidized Loans as long as the student is enrolled in classes at least half-time. The accrued interest is also covered during the six-month grace period after the student leaves school or graduates and if the student’s loan is in a period of deferment.

The federal help is meant to give students a chance to get on their feet financially before the debt starts accruing interest they’ll have to pay.

What Is a Direct Unsubsidized Loan?

A Direct Unsubsidized Loan is a federal student loan available to eligible undergraduate, graduate, and professional students that accrues interest from the time it is disbursed, regardless of financial need.

Like subsidized loans, repayment doesn’t begin until six months after the student graduates, drops below half-time, or leaves school, but the interest will still accrue during this time.

Unsubsidized student loans can cost more in the long run than subsidized loans because of the accruing interest.

Differences Between Subsidized and Unsubsidized Loans

Subsidized and unsubsidized student loans both can help pay for college, but they vary in terms of eligibility, interest accrual, and long-term cost. Knowing how each works can help you make smarter borrowing decisions. Differences between the two include:

•   Subsidized loans are only available to undergraduate students who demonstrate financial need.

•   Unsubsidized loans are available to both undergraduate and graduate students, regardless of financial need.

•   With subsidized loans, the government pays the interest while you’re in school at least half-time, during the grace period, and deferment.

•   Subsidized loans typically cost less over time due to the government covering interest during specific periods.

•   Annual and aggregate loan limits are higher for Direct Unsubsidized Loans than for Direct Subsidized Loans.

Similarities Between Subsidized and Unsubsidized Loans

While there are notable differences between subsidized and unsubsidized student loans, these two federal loan types also share several important similarities. Similarities include:

•   Both loans are part of the federal Direct Loan Program and are issued by the U.S. Department of Education.

•   Eligibility for both loan types requires students to complete and submit the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA®).
Subsidized and unsubsidized loans come with fixed interest rates set annually by the federal government.

•   Both loan types offer a six-month grace period after graduation, leaving school, or dropping below half-time enrollment before repayment begins.

•   Borrowers of either loan may qualify for federal repayment options, deferment, forbearance, and certain loan forgiveness programs.

For the 2025-2026 school year, the federal student loan interest rate is 6.39% for Direct Subsidized and Unsubsidized Loans for undergraduates, 7.94% for Direct Unsubsidized Loans for graduate and professional students, and 8.94% for Direct PLUS loans for parents and graduate or professional students.

How Do I Get a Federal Student Loan?

The process to receive federal financial aid begins when the student completes the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA), which must be filled out annually. The form asks for information about the student (name, date of birth, address, financial information from tax forms and bank statements). If the student is a dependent, there will be similar questions about support from home that will help determine financial need.

Borrowers who don’t demonstrate enough need may not qualify for subsidized loans. They can, however, qualify for unsubsidized student loans, scholarships, grants, and work-study.

Based on the results of the FAFSA, the schools the student listed on the application will send a financial aid offer to the student, and the school will explain how to accept all or part of the federal financing.

The FAFSA deadline is typically June 30, but each college and state may have its own deadlines.

Recommended: Navigating Your Financial Aid Package

What if Federal Loans Aren’t Enough?

If a student doesn’t qualify for federal student loans — or if more funding is required — there are other options for financing a college education.

Private student loans can help fill the gaps if federal loans don’t cover all the costs of attending school. These loans are offered by private lenders, including banks, credit unions, and online financial institutions, so the terms vary from one to the next — and the qualifications and terms will be different from federal loans.

Private student loans can have fixed or variable interest rates, and some lenders offer more competitive rates than others. (All federal loans have fixed interest rates.)

A borrower’s credit rating and income, among other factors, will generally be used to determine the interest rate and how much may be borrowed. Those who need help qualifying could consider tapping a trusted student loan cosigner.

Repayment terms on private loans also differ from lender to lender — and they’re generally less forgiving than the repayment plans offered for federal student loans. It’s important to understand what’s expected before signing for any type of loan.

Recommended: Private Student Loans vs Federal Student Loans

The Takeaway

Subsidized federal student loans do not accrue interest while the borrower is attending school at least half-time. Unsubsidized federal student loans lack this benefit, and borrowers are responsible for interest that accrues as soon as the loan is disbursed. Both loans offer federal benefits and protections, such as income-driven repayment plans and student loan deferment.

If you’ve exhausted all federal student aid options, no-fee private student loans from SoFi can help you pay for school. The online application process is easy, and you can see rates and terms in just minutes. Repayment plans are flexible, so you can find an option that works for your financial plan and budget.

FAQ

What is the main difference between Direct Subsidized and Unsubsidized Loans?

The primary difference lies in interest accrual. With Direct Subsidized Loans, the federal government pays the interest while the student is in school at least half-time, during the six-month grace period after leaving school, and during deferment periods. In contrast, Direct Unsubsidized Loans accrue interest from the time the loan is disbursed, and the borrower is responsible for all interest, including during in-school, grace, and deferment periods.

Do both loan types require repayment to begin at the same time?

Yes, repayment for both Direct Subsidized and Direct Unsubsidized Loans begins six months after the borrower graduates, leaves school, or drops below half-time enrollment. However, interest accrues differently during this period: subsidized loans do not accrue interest, while unsubsidized loans do.

Are there loan limits for Direct Subsidized and Unsubsidized Loans?

Yes, both loan types have annual and aggregate limits, which vary based on the student’s year in school and dependency status. Notably, the loan limits for Direct Unsubsidized Loans are generally higher than those for Direct Subsidized Loans.

SoFi Private Student Loans
Please borrow responsibly. SoFi Private Student loans are not a substitute for federal loans, grants, and work-study programs. We encourage you to evaluate all your federal student aid options before you consider any private loans, including ours. Read our FAQs.

Terms and conditions apply. SOFI RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MODIFY OR DISCONTINUE PRODUCTS AND BENEFITS AT ANY TIME WITHOUT NOTICE. SoFi Private Student loans are subject to program terms and restrictions, such as completion of a loan application and self-certification form, verification of application information, the student's at least half-time enrollment in a degree program at a SoFi-participating school, and, if applicable, a co-signer. In addition, borrowers must be U.S. citizens or other eligible status, be residing in the U.S., Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands, or American Samoa, and must meet SoFi’s underwriting requirements, including verification of sufficient income to support your ability to repay. Minimum loan amount is $1,000. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. SoFi reserves the right to modify eligibility criteria at any time. This information is subject to change. This information is current as of 4/22/2025 and is subject to change. SoFi Private Student loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891 (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org).

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

SOISL-Q225-050

Paying for college is a significant financial investment, and many families want to ensure they’re protected in case something unexpected disrupts a student’s education. That’s where tuition insurance comes in.

Tuition insurance is a type of coverage that can help reimburse tuition costs if a student has to withdraw from school due to serious illness, injury, or other covered circumstances. But is it really necessary? This article explores what tuition insurance is, what it covers, how much it costs, and whether it’s worth considering for your family’s situation.

What Is Tuition Insurance?

Just as you have health insurance to cover costs associated with unexpected health issues, you can get tuition insurance to cover college tuition costs in the event of unexpected health issues that prevent your student from attending.

Also called tuition refund insurance, it can recoup some or all of what you’ve paid in tuition if your student experiences a serious injury or illness that prevents college attendance.

What Does Tuition Insurance Cover?

Generally, tuition insurance covers:

•   Serious sickness

•   Injury

•   Mental health conditions, including anxiety and depression

•   Death of the student or person paying tuition

You’ll need to read the fine print to find out what qualifying medical events are, as some policies will list specific illnesses, such as mononucleosis.

Imagine a pandemic sweeping the land (wild thought, huh?). Tuition insurance will not cover tuition if a college or university has to close or if your student simply isn’t comfortable attending class in person. However, if your student contracts the disease and is unable to attend classes as a result, you may be eligible for a partial refund of tuition for that semester.

To file a claim, the student must withdraw from school and a medical professional must document that withdrawal was necessary. The process can vary by policy, though.

What Does Tuition Insurance Not Cover?

It’s important to know what tuition insurance does not cover, as well. If your student leaves college for academic reasons or is on disciplinary probation, you will not be reimbursed for tuition.

Some pre-existing conditions may not be covered, so if your student has a medical condition, make sure it is covered before buying the policy.

Tuition insurance may also not cover participating in professional sports or extreme sports (like bungee jumping), participating in a riot, drug abuse, suicide, or self-inflicted injury.

Who Should Consider Tuition Insurance?

Some students or parents paying for tuition might be better candidates for college tuition insurance than others.

For students with pre-existing conditions that can be covered by a policy, it can be a good idea to purchase coverage, especially if it’s a condition that is known to keep the student bedridden or otherwise unable to function for weeks or months at a time. The reimbursed tuition money could be put toward medical bills or a future semester in college.

If you have more than one child in college, a tuition insurance policy could help you recoup costs for a student experiencing an issue that you could then put toward other college expenses.

And if the school your student is attending is very expensive, an insurance policy may allow you to relax a bit more in the event that something happens.

Recommended: What Is the Cost of Attendance in College?

Cost of Tuition Insurance

Part of determining whether college tuition insurance is worthwhile is understanding the policy cost vs. possible reimbursement, as well as tuition costs.

While a select few schools offer free tuition, most have significant price tags. As of 2025, the average costs of tuition for:

•   In-state tuition for a four-year public university: $9,750

•   Out-of-state tuition for four-year public university: $28,386

•   Private nonprofit four-year institution: $37,421

These numbers add up over four (or more!) years, so it’s understandable that paying for an insurance policy might make sense. But, how much is tuition insurance?

Plans vary in pricing and features, but generally, you can expect to pay about 1% of the cost of tuition. Some cover other expenses like room and board, while others do not.

Buying a Tuition Insurance Policy

Currently, there are two primary providers of tuition insurance: GradGuard and A.W.G. Dewar. Some schools may work with a private insurance company, so start by asking the registrar’s office if the college has a partner for tuition insurance.

Of course, the most affordable and comprehensive coverage can be obtained by going directly through the school, if your school offers it. Make sure to ask your school about tuition insurance prior to seeking an outside provider.

To enroll in a policy, you’ll be asked about your student’s school and costs for a semester of tuition. You’ll then be given a quote, and if you want the coverage, you can purchase from there by adding a few more personal details and inputting your payment information. You’ll pay your monthly premium, just as you do with auto or health insurance.

Reading the Fine Print

Before purchasing the policy, it’s best to read the fine print. The last thing you want is to purchase a policy and file a claim, expecting to be fully reimbursed, only to find out the condition you’re filing for isn’t covered.

For example, GradGuard’s fine print discusses a pre-existing medical condition exclusion waiver. It states that pre-existing medical conditions are covered when the insured student does not have symptoms of the condition on the policy purchase date and was medically able to attend school, or if the student was covered by a similar policy by the same company within four months of the effective date of the current policy.

Other fine print items to note are whether a doctor or licensed mental health professional needs to diagnose the student with the medical condition to qualify for reimbursement, the effective date of the policy, and how to prove your loss. Not all policies will fully reimburse your tuition or other costs, so find out how much you may be eligible to be refunded before purchasing a policy.

How to File a Claim

Each insurance company has its own process for filing a claim. Be sure to read through the process, as one incorrect step could cause your claim to be denied.

You’ll need documentation for the expenses you want to claim from the college or university. You may need the registrar’s office to verify on paper that your student has withdrawn for the semester, as well as documents showing what you have paid in tuition and expenses.

You may also need a written order from your student’s doctor or mental health professional stating that your child is unable to attend school due to medical reasons. For mental health issues, hospitalization of 24 to 48 hours may be required.

Alternatives to Tuition Insurance

While tuition insurance can come in handy if medical conditions or injury force a student to withdraw, the college might offer full or partial reimbursement without insurance.

Policies vary from one school to another, so inquire with the college or university before assuming you can get expenses refunded.

Some schools will refund tuition, but only during the first five weeks of a semester. Others won’t reimburse tuition but will refund some or all of room and board expenses if students withdraw.

Prior to making a decision on whether or not tuition insurance is right for you, speak with your child’s college directly so review your options.

Is Tuition Insurance Right for You?

The bottom line: If you don’t like taking risks with your money and are concerned that your student might have a situation that results in withdrawal from school for one or more semesters, tuition insurance could be a worthwhile investment. It’s a low expense compared to tuition, so it could be well worth it should you end up filing a claim.

If your student has a pre-existing condition that would be covered, insurance could mitigate your risk of losing money should that medical condition cause a need to leave school. On the other hand, not much is covered in terms of pre-existing conditions or activities your child might be involved in, such as professional sports. In these cases, the policy would be moot if the condition isn’t covered when you file a claim.

If a student withdraws and not all costs are covered or if no policy is in place, a private student loan could be a solution to fill the financial gap. Private student loans can typically be used for tuition, books, room and board, transportation, and other college-related expenses.

The Takeaway

Tuition insurance can serve as a valuable safety net for families concerned about the financial risks associated with unexpected student withdrawals due to serious health issues. While it may not be necessary for everyone, it offers peace of mind for those with higher tuition costs, limited school refund policies, or students with pre-existing medical conditions.
If you’re wondering how to pay for college, you can rely on cash savings, scholarships, grants, federal student loans, and private student loans.

If you’ve exhausted all federal student aid options, no-fee private student loans from SoFi can help you pay for school. The online application process is easy, and you can see rates and terms in just minutes. Repayment plans are flexible, so you can find an option that works for your financial plan and budget.

FAQ

What is tuition insurance and how does it work?

Tuition insurance, also known as tuition refund insurance, is a policy that can reimburse some or all of your college tuition if a student must withdraw due to serious illness, injury, or mental health conditions. It acts as a financial safeguard against unexpected health issues that prevent attendance.

What does tuition insurance typically cover?

Generally, tuition insurance covers withdrawals due to serious sickness, injury, mental health conditions like anxiety and depression, or the death of the student or tuition payer. However, coverage specifics can vary, so it’s essential to review the policy details.

What situations are not covered by tuition insurance?

Tuition insurance usually does not cover withdrawals for academic reasons, disciplinary actions, or pre-existing conditions unless specified. It also excludes situations like participating in extreme sports, drug abuse, suicide, or self-inflicted injuries.

SoFi Private Student Loans
Please borrow responsibly. SoFi Private Student loans are not a substitute for federal loans, grants, and work-study programs. We encourage you to evaluate all your federal student aid options before you consider any private loans, including ours. Read our FAQs.

Terms and conditions apply. SOFI RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MODIFY OR DISCONTINUE PRODUCTS AND BENEFITS AT ANY TIME WITHOUT NOTICE. SoFi Private Student loans are subject to program terms and restrictions, such as completion of a loan application and self-certification form, verification of application information, the student's at least half-time enrollment in a degree program at a SoFi-participating school, and, if applicable, a co-signer. In addition, borrowers must be U.S. citizens or other eligible status, be residing in the U.S., Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands, or American Samoa, and must meet SoFi’s underwriting requirements, including verification of sufficient income to support your ability to repay. Minimum loan amount is $1,000. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. SoFi reserves the right to modify eligibility criteria at any time. This information is subject to change. This information is current as of 4/22/2025 and is subject to change. SoFi Private Student loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891 (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org).

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

SOISL-Q225-045

An uncontested DIY divorce could cost $1,500 to $5,000, but the price can be much higher. In 2025, the mean cost of divorce is $7,000, but the average cost of a divorce can be $11,300. However, all kinds of factors, from attorney fees to assets, influence the bottom line. For example, a contested divorce, with issues around alimony, child support, and child custody, can run much higher.

Here are details about types of divorce and what to expect cost-wise with each.

How Much Does It Cost to Get a Divorce?

The cost of a divorce can depend on which state you live in, how amicable the parting is, and whether you work with a divorce attorney, own property together, and have children, among others.

Most cases settle before going to trial. Here are common costs if you need to prepare for a divorce.

Recommended: How to Prepare Financially for a Divorce

Without an Attorney

A DIY uncontested divorce is the cheapest option. You and your spouse submit paperwork to your local family court, then fill out and file required documents.

There are different packages typically available, starting at as little as $99 and going up into a few thousand dollars if you’d like support with filing and/or need some mediation.

With an Attorney

A lawyer can only work with one client at a time, so two attorneys are required if both spouses want their own representation.

A divorce attorney will usually ask for a retainer, or down payment, toward average costs of $8,000 as of 2025. If the retainer runs out, the lawyer may bill by the hour. Hourly fees average $270 but charges of $500 or more per hour are possible, depending on where you live and other variables.

Of course, the longer it takes to reach a final judgment, the higher your attorney fees will be.

Recommended: Understanding Divorce and Retirement Accounts

Mediation

If you’re dealing with a more complex situation and don’t feel comfortable filing yourself, but don’t want to shell out money for a divorce lawyer, you could consider working with a mediator.

In this form of divorce, both spouses work with a neutral third party who has a handle on the financial and legal aspects of divorce and oversees the process.

A non-attorney mediator may charge $1,000 to $4,000 per person, according to Lawful.

Free or low-cost mediation services are often provided by courts, nonprofit organizations, and bar associations.

Collaborative Divorce

In this hybrid of mediation and a traditional divorce using lawyers, each spouse is represented by a collaborative divorce attorney. The goal is to help both parties work toward a mutually satisfactory outcome and, if children are involved, one that keeps their best interests in mind.

Both parties commit, in writing, to using cooperative dispute resolution techniques.

If the process fails, both attorneys must withdraw from the case, and the couple will need to hire new lawyers and continue through family law court proceedings.

Consulting Attorney

If you can’t afford to hire a full-scope divorce attorney, you might be able to hire a consulting attorney for specific tasks. The average total fees for consulting attorneys were $4,600, and the median was $3,000, a Nolo survey found.

Recommended: Understanding Divorce and Retirement Accounts

Who Pays for the Divorce?

Most of the time, each spouse pays their own attorney fees and costs.

In select cases involving income disparities or one party unnecessarily complicating the proceedings, a judge may order a spouse to pay his or her partner’s divorce costs.

The following are some of the factors that affect the costs of a divorce.

How Child Custody Impacts Divorce Costs

In a contested divorce, the issue of child custody will likely come up. If the couple is able to agree on a child custody schedule that works for both parents, that is usually the easiest path forward.

For divorces involving children that require an attorney to iron out custody details, costs tend to increase significantly thanks to the additional time spent working with parents to reach an agreement.

A contested divorce involving custody could also include working with a court-assigned professional, who may interview the parents and children, observe each parent at home with the kids, and make an evaluation based on their findings.

A county custody evaluation could cost between $1,000 and $2,500. A private review could run $15,000 or more.

Property Division

Couples who share a property may require the help of real estate attorneys or agents who focus on helping couples ascertain the disposition of their homes.

A home appraisal is an unbiased, third-party estimate of a property’s value. As of 2025, it typically costs between $300 and $450.

Sometimes couples opt to refinance the mortgage on the marital home into one name, releasing the other spouse from obligation. The cost of refinancing can be in the thousands of dollars.

Alimony

Another potential consideration in a divorce may be alimony, or spousal support.

If both individuals can’t agree on the amount of payment and the time payments are to be made, the court may have to step in.

That can involve litigation and a review of debts and finances. Since the process requires legal counsel, alimony decisions can quickly drive up divorce expenses.

Paying for Divorce: Are Payment Plans Available?

Some family lawyers do offer payment plans. The time to ask about that is during an initial consultation so you can be aware of and prepared for the expenses ahead.

In most situations, paying for a divorce can be a major stressor.

If you and your spouse are on amicable terms and have savings, you could consider pooling together as much as you can to put toward divorce costs. You could also ask to borrow money from relatives or friends. In some cases, couples may know that divorce is looming and start saving for it ahead of time, as unpleasant as that may be.

Some people may opt to put their divorce costs on a credit card and pay the debt over time, with interest. An option that may be more cost-effective is a personal loan.

A personal loan has several potential advantages. The interest rate for a personal loan could be lower than a credit card, depending on your credit score. Most personal loans come with a fixed interest rate, which makes budgeting easier.

You might use a personal loan calculator to make crunching numbers a snap.

Typically, you have between two and seven years to repay the principal plus interest. This can allow you to borrow a significant amount of money and have several years to pay it off.

Recommended: How to Apply for a Personal Loan

The Takeaway

Divorce costs typically run well into the thousands, with a median currently being $7,000 and the average being $11,300. There are potentially less expensive options for those who have a simple, uncontested divorce and are willing to bypass lawyers and DIY the process. But if there are issues such as alimony, child support, child custody, and division of property to wrangle, you are likely going to need a considerable sum of money for the costs. Divorce financing options can include credit cards, funding from savings or family members, and personal loans.

Think twice before turning to high-interest credit cards. Consider a SoFi personal loan instead. SoFi offers competitive fixed rates and same-day funding. See your rate in minutes.

FAQ

How much does a divorce cost on average?

On average, as of 2025, a divorce costs $11,300, and the mean is $7,000.

What is the cheapest way to get a divorce?

If you have a simple, uncontested divorce, you may be able to DIY it for as little as $99 up to around $3,800 for situations that require help with mediation and filing.

What factors influence the cost of divorce?

A simple divorce with minimal shared property and children and a couple that is in sync about their needs can be relatively fast and inexpensive. However, in a contested divorce, with issues like child custody, division of property, and alimony, cases can drag on, increase legal fees, and become quite complicated and expensive.

Can I get a divorce without a lawyer?

In some situations, it is possible to DIY a divorce. This usually happens when the couple is in agreement, there are no areas being contested, and there are child custody or division of property issues.

Is mediation cheaper than hiring a divorce attorney?

Yes, mediation is typically cheaper than hiring a divorce attorney, with mediation costing $2,000 to $8,000 per couple, while working with a divorce lawyer often costs in the five figures.

Who typically pays for the divorce?

In many cases, each individual pays their own costs (such as lawyer’s fees) in a divorce. In rare instances, there might be a judgment for one party to pay the other’s divorce costs.

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

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Typically, couples spend 37% of their wedding budget on the venue, which is a big chunk of one’s funds. Given that the median price of a wedding is $10,000 according to SoFi’s most recent survey, and the average is $33,000, according to the wedding site The Knot, that can mean thousands of dollars invested in the location where you say your vows.

Fortunately, there are ways to reduce the price of your wedding venue. There are free and affordable options, from a backyard to city hall to a beach. Read on to explore your options, plus learn tips to finance your wedding.

Host a Wedding at Home or in a Backyard

This could be at your own home, or that of a parent, friend, or other loved one, which will likely be one of the most affordable wedding venues around. Benefits of this choice (besides the lack of rental fees) include the flexibility to have your ceremony on just about any day of the year, plus you have a ready-made shelter if the weather isn’t ideal. By avoiding a wedding venue rental, you can stretch your savings or your wedding loan further on other expenses, such as flowers and entertainment.

Just decide how much of the event will be held outdoors, what rooms of the house should be made available to wedding guests, and how to ensure enough seating.

A couple of other perks to an at-home wedding:

•   Want a pet-friendly ceremony? It doesn’t get any better than a home wedding for having your beloved dog be your ring bearer.

•   Any home upgrades made for the ceremony can be enjoyed for a long time afterward. If your powder room could use a glow-up, you might want to concentrate your efforts there for a beautiful bathroom refresh.

Or this could be a perfect time to do some outdoor landscaping that will beautify your special day and your home for years to come. As a bonus, a project like this could add value to your home.

Check to be sure your officiant of choice is able to perform the ceremony, plan the parking logistics, find out how to comply with any noise ordinances, and so forth.

Say “I Do” at City Hall: A Cheap and Chic Wedding Venue

A city hall wedding can be a very chic choice. You aren’t restricted to the city hall or courthouse by where you currently live. You could choose one that has special significance to your relationship, perhaps the city where you first fell in love.

Or, you can get married in the city hall where you’ll enjoy your honeymoon or your family vacation. As another strategy, you can choose the city hall based on its beauty or retro architectural details. For instance, the city hall in San Francisco has a stunning white column and gold-capped roof.

The fee for a city hall wedding varies by state and municipality. Generally, it ranges from $20 to $50 or somewhat more, not including your marriage license. Call the location to learn the exact cost.

There are usually designated days and times for city hall weddings, so find out what they are in the location of your choice and how that would work in conjunction with your post-wedding celebration. Also, ask if there’s a limit to the number of wedding guests you can have, and whether you’ll be able to have bridesmaids and groomsmen, given the logistics.

Many couples like to have a special meal after, either solo or with a few friends and family members; it’s your call how to mark the big day.

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Get Married at a Park: Affordable and Scenic Wedding Venue Idea

Perhaps there are beautiful parks in your town or city full of unique flowers, landscaping, and vistas — or maybe there is one with special meaning to you, say, where the two of you went biking on a first date.

If that’s the case, you could contact the relevant parks department and find out any details about fees and permits (for instance, if you want to marry at Yosemite National Park, you’ll need a special use permit, which currently costs $150).

Some considerations:

•   How accessible is the location for guests? If it’s a small park in the center of town, it’s likely to be fairly accessible. If it’s deep in the heart of a national park system, you may need to decide how to make it practical for guests to find and attend.

•   Other concerns for a park wedding include shelter in case of rain, having enough public restrooms (are they readily available or do you need to rent portable options?), and how comfortable you are getting married in an open space.

•   You might also need to find out what the park’s policy is on receptions. Can you set up tables and have food brought in? Or serve cake and bubbly? Dream it up, brainstorm details, and get confirmation from park officials.

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Plan a Budget-Friendly Beach Wedding

You might consider a beach wedding, with its possibilities for one-of-a-kind sunsets, soft breezes, and tropical drinks. As practical considerations, do you plan to have a ceremony along the ocean on a public beach or will you locate a private beach? The permits you’ll need will likely be quite different if you plan to have just your ceremony there versus if you also plan to have a beachside reception complete with food, drink, and music.

You’ll also need to create a Plan B or otherwise have shelter available if the weather doesn’t cooperate. And, where you plan to have the ceremony, geographically speaking, may help to dictate what time of year your wedding should be scheduled. For instance, for a July wedding at your favorite beach, think about how far in advance to plan summer travel.

Then figure out the final details. Do you plan to have alcohol at your reception? That often isn’t permitted on beaches, but there are some that do allow guests to imbibe. Do you want to rope off a section of the beach? Build a bonfire? Again, you might want to ask what the rules and regulations are for the beach you have in mind and be flexible about modifying plans to help make it all come together.

More Cheap Wedding Venue Ideas to Consider

The ideas above aren’t the only affordable locations to consider for your big day. Also keep the following in mind.

Local Community Centers

Depending on where you live, you may find community centers that cost just a few hundred dollars at most to use and provide the right setting for your wedding. You can also consider whether such organizations as the Lions Club, Kiwanis, or Junior League have spaces to rent. Some offer tables and chairs; others may have fully equipped kitchens.

Couples have found that with vases from a local discount store and flowers arranged by friends and family, this option can help them pull off a wedding on a budget.

College Campus Gardens

Many colleges have pretty areas where they can host weddings, whether or not you are a graduate. Research your area and see what’s available. There might also be some indoor spots with historic architectural details where you could say your vows.

Be sure you understand the guidelines, though. Some universities work with specific vendors (such as catering companies), which can wind up blowing your budget.

Airbnb or Vacation Rentals

A vacation rental can offer a spectacular wedding setting on a shoestring. You might find a charming farmhouse with a storybook garden and loads of bedrooms to house the wedding party. Or perhaps you want to rent a loft in a nearby city.

Whatever type of accommodation you are seeking, be clear up front with the owner about the purpose of your rental to make sure there are no restrictions. Some property owners don’t want gatherings in their spaces, while others are very much in the business of helping people find a place to celebrate.

Breweries or Small-Town Halls

Local businesses can often work with tight budgets to create a wonderful and memorable wedding. For example, a craft brewery may have a private area where you can say your vows and then celebrate with friends and family over an array of their beers and snacks. Some have outdoor spaces where a food truck can pull up to feed your friends and family. Don’t forget to search for nearby distilleries, too.

Many couples like the industrial vibe these spaces can have, or you might find a local lodge or other gathering space that has a quirky, cool ambience for your wedding day.

Local Family Farm

A local farm can be a fun, rustic setting for a wedding without breaking the bank. They offer beautiful countryside and often a barn where you can say your vows and dance the night away. Plenty of farmers are supplementing their business this way these days, so see what’s available. Some partner with caterers and cooks to create a farm-to-table meal as well, which could be within your budget.

Budgeting Tips for a Cheap Yet Memorable Wedding

Even when you choose a free or inexpensive wedding venue, you’ll still likely want to come up with some creative ways to save money for the food, music, drinks, flowers, photography, video, and so on. Some ideas:

•   Tap your circle of loved ones. Do you have a friend who could handle the photography or videography? That can help you save a bundle. Or could family members fill vases with flowers from a farmers market to use as centerpieces vs. hiring a florist? Could a pal’s band play, or perhaps everyone could bring a dish for a pot luck feast?

•   You can also explore different ways to help cover some of the wedding costs. For instance, a wedding loan might be an option to explore to help pay for your big day. Or perhaps your families might be able to help out financially with some of the venue-related expenses, such as catering.

•   Prioritize your spending. During a discussion with your partner, you could both try to determine who will pay for what, and how much you’re willing to spend. It could help to discuss priorities so you’re in agreement about where to splurge and where you’re willing to compromise.

If, for example, you know that having beautiful flowers is important to both of you, that could rise to the must-have category. And maybe you want to spend more on photography and less on videography — or vice versa. What’s important is that you mutually create and agree upon a plan that’s unique to you and your special day.

Financing Your Wedding

When it comes to financing your wedding, a wedding loan could be a good option for your needs. These loans are unsecured personal loans used to cover wedding costs. Rates on personal loans tend to be lower than credit card rates, and they can offer more flexibility on the term of your loan and the amount you can borrow. Plus, you’ll get a fixed rate.

Recommended: How to Apply for a Personal Loan

The Takeaway

With research and budgeting, you can find an affordable wedding venue that makes your big day wonderful and memorable. Options can include an at-home wedding or renting an Airbnb space that you love. Or you could opt for a city hall wedding, or find a park, garden, farm, or beach to provide a beautiful natural setting for your ceremony and celebration.

Even when you find an affordable venue, however, you may need help financing your wedding. That’s where a wedding loan, which is a kind of personal loan, can come into play.

Think twice before turning to high-interest credit cards. Consider a SoFi personal loan instead. SoFi offers competitive fixed rates and same-day funding. See your rate in minutes.

FAQ

What are some cheap wedding venue ideas?

Cheap wedding venue ideas can include getting married at home, a friend’s house, a vacation rental, or city hall. Those who like to be outdoors or amid nature can consider a local farm, garden, park, or beach. Local craft breweries and community centers can be good candidates, too.

How can I find affordable wedding venues near me?

Searching online and inquiring about spaces you have seen can yield great, budget-friendly wedding venues. Asking friends and family about wedding they have attended can be worthwhile, too.

Is it cheaper to get married at city hall or a park?

Whether it’s cheaper to get married at city hall or a park will depend on the specific locations and fees you are considering. There are usually small fees involved at both kinds of locations, but consider the big picture, too. Will you want to go out to dinner with a number of friends and relatives after a city hall wedding? Would you rent chairs and hire a guitarist for a park ceremony?

Can I use a personal loan to pay for a wedding venue?

Yes, a personal loan can be used for almost any legal purpose, from paying off medical debt to financing a wedding. Some lenders offer wedding loans specially tailored to meet a couple’s needs for their big day.

What’s the average cost of a budget-friendly wedding?

A budget-friendly wedding can be defined as one that costs no more than $10,000. However, it is possible to pull off a big day for considerably less; say, for half that amount.

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

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