May
20
2025
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Understanding Inverse ETFs

By | Growing Wealth, invest, Investing, Terminology | Comments Off on Understanding Inverse ETFs

An inverse ETF, or short ETF, is a portfolio of securities that allows investors to make a bet that either the broader markets or a particular asset class or market sector will go down in the short term.

There are a wide range of inverse ETFs to choose from. There are dozens that are traded on U.S. markets. They allow investors to make short-term investments in the likelihood that the price of a given asset will go down. Investors can use inverse ETFs to seek returns when there are price dips in equities, fixed-income securities, and certain commodities. They do reset daily, however, and generally, investors may not want to hold onto them longer than a day.

Key Points

•   An inverse ETF is a portfolio of securities designed to profit from market declines.

•   Inverse ETFs trade on exchanges, similar to stocks.

•   These ETFs use futures contracts to attempt to achieve the opposite result of an underlying index or benchmark.

•   Leveraged inverse ETFs offer the potential for amplified returns, but also come with substantial risk.

•   Investors use inverse ETFs to hedge against market drops or bet on short-term declines, but they do reset daily, adding another dimension of risk to a portfolio.

How Does an Inverse ETF Work?

To understand inverse ETFs, an investor first needs to know about Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs). An ETF is a portfolio of stocks, bonds, or other securities that trades on an exchange, like a stock. Its share price fluctuates throughout the day, as investors buy and sell shares of the fund.

As with regular ETFs, investors can buy and sell inverse ETFs throughout the day. Unlike the way ETFs work, however, inverse ETFs are designed not to invest in a given index, but to deliver the opposite result. If the index goes down, the inverse ETF should go up, and vice versa.

Leveraged & inverse ETPs (like ETNs) may be good for short-term trading. If you’re holding them long-term, watch for unexpected market changes and tracking errors. As noted, they reset daily, so there are risks involved with holding them longer than that.

What Do Inverse ETFs Invest In?

Inverse ETFs, or short ETFs, use complex trading strategies, involving a heavy use of futures contracts, to deliver the opposite result of the markets. Futures contracts are essentially agreements to buy or sell a given asset at a given date and price, regardless of the market price at the time. Using futures contracts, an investor can bet that a given asset, like a stock, will go up or down, without actually owning that asset.

Put simply, investors who think the price of a given stock will go down may buy a futures contract that allows them to sell a stock at a higher price than they think it will trade at by the expiration of the contract. If the price of that stock does go down, they can buy it on the open market cheaply and sell it to the other person or institution at the agreed-upon higher price, and pocket the difference.

An inverse ETF does that with a group of stocks, every trading day. The largest inverse ETFs aim to deliver the opposite returns of major stock indexes, like the Nasdaq or the S&P 500. For example, if the S&P 500 goes down 1% on a given day, then a corresponding inverse ETF could be designed to go up 1% that day.

Leveraged Inverse ETFs

There are other inverse ETFs that take the formula one step further, using leverage. That means they buy the futures contracts in their portfolios partially with borrowed money. That gives them the ability to offer outsized returns — two and three times the opposite of the day’s return — but it also exposes them to sizable single-day losses, and larger losses over time.

For example, on that same hypothetical day when the S&P 500 goes down 1%, the corresponding inverse ETF could be designed to go up by 2%.

Who Invests in Inverse ETFs?

An inverse ETF might seem like a good choice for an investor who is generally pessimistic about the prospects for the broader markets over the next few months or years. But that’s not necessarily the case.

Inverse ETFs only invest in one-day futures contracts. The futures contracts they invest in expire at the end of the trading day, locking in the ETFs’ gains and losses.

With an inverse ETF, it’s not enough to be right about the general direction of a given market, asset class, or sector. The performance of inverse ETFs isn’t the exact opposite of the index it tracks over longer periods of time. So, the investor has to be correct on the right days, as well.

Inverse ETFs get a lot of attention in the media during market swoons, when they post eye-popping returns. But most financial professionals probably don’t recommend them as long-term investments. They’re generally best for sophisticated investors with a high tolerance for risk.

What Are the Risks of Inverse ETFs?

Investors who purchase inverse ETFs take on risks that are common to all investors, and also some that are unique to this specific investment vehicle.

•   Loss: If an investor buys an inverse ETF and the index that it tracks goes up, then the investor will lose money. If the given index goes up by 1% that day, then the fund offering the inverse of that index will go down by 1%; with a leveraged ETF, it could even go down by 2% or 3%.

•   Fees: While most ETFs have very low management fees, inverse ETFs may have higher fees, which may take a bite out of returns over time. (It’s worth noting that the management fee can be typically lower than the time and expense of shorting the stocks directly.)

•   Taxes: Inverse ETFs may be less tax efficient than other types of ETFs due to the fact that they reset daily. There could also be other tax-related issues to be aware of, so it may be a good idea to speak with a tax professional to learn more.

The risks are significant enough that, in 2019, the Securities and Exchange Commission proposed new regulations about inverse ETFs, requiring companies that manage leveraged and inverse ETFs to specifically make sure customers understood those risks. The regulation was not approved, which means the onus is still very much on investors to understand the risk.

Additionally, in 2022, regulators released a notice to investors about the risks of holding on to inverse and leveraged ETFs for longer than a day, saying that doing so could result in substantial and sudden losses.

The Takeaway

Inverse ETFs are designed as a tool to allow investors to bet against the market, or specific asset classes. While they come with unique risks, inverse ETFs may help investors seek returns on a given day during market dips, giving them the chance to short the market with one trade. These ETFs go up as the index goes down, offering an opportunity to generate returns when the market is trending down.

The trick: choosing the right inverse ETF on the right day, in order to gain rather than lose. The funds are risky, but can be popular among investors who want to hedge their exposure to a given asset class or market sector, and investors who believe that a given market is due for a big drop.

Invest in what matters most to you with SoFi Active Invest. In a self-directed account provided by SoFi Securities, you can trade stocks, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), mutual funds, alternative funds, options, and more — all while paying $0 commission on every trade. Other fees may apply. Whether you want to trade after-hours or manage your portfolio using real-time stock insights and analyst ratings, you can invest your way in SoFi's easy-to-use mobile app.

Opening and funding an Active Invest account gives you the opportunity to get up to $1,000 in the stock of your choice.¹

FAQ

How does an inverse ETF work?

Inverse ETFs utilize complex trading strategies to deliver the opposite results of the markets. So, if an ETF attempts to mirror the results of the market, an inverse ETF attempts to do the opposite, and can be used as a shorting mechanism.

How often do inverse ETFs reset?

Inverse ETFs reset daily, and as such, are meant to be a short-term trading tool. Holding on to inverse ETFs for longer than a day can introduce significant risk to a portfolio.

What are the risks of inverse ETFs?

The primary risks associated with inverse ETFs are the risks of losses, and more complex tax implications. There may also be management fees that investors should be aware of.

INVESTMENTS ARE NOT FDIC INSURED • ARE NOT BANK GUARANTEED • MAY LOSE VALUE

SoFi Invest is a trade name used by SoFi Wealth LLC and SoFi Securities LLC offering investment products and services. Robo investing and advisory services are provided by SoFi Wealth LLC, an SEC-registered investment adviser. Brokerage and self-directed investing products offered through SoFi Securities LLC, Member FINRA/SIPC.

For disclosures on SoFi Invest platforms visit SoFi.com/legal. For a full listing of the fees associated with Sofi Invest please view our fee schedule.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs): Investors should carefully consider the information contained in the prospectus, which contains the Fund’s investment objectives, risks, charges, expenses, and other relevant information. You may obtain a prospectus from the Fund company’s website or by emailing customer service at [email protected]. Please read the prospectus carefully prior to investing.


¹Probability of Member receiving $1,000 is a probability of 0.026%; If you don’t make a selection in 45 days, you’ll no longer qualify for the promo. Customer must fund their account with a minimum of $50.00 to qualify. Probability percentage is subject to decrease. See full terms and conditions.

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20
2025
What Is the Difference Between Ebit and Ebitda?

What Is the Difference Between EBIT and EBITDA?

By | Growing Wealth, invest, Investing, Terminology | Comments Off on What Is the Difference Between EBIT and EBITDA?

EBIT and EBITDA are two common ways to calculate a company’s profits, and investors may come across both terms when reviewing a company’s financial statements. Though they appear similar, they can present two very different views of a company’s income and expenses.

If you’re an investor or you own a business, it’s important to understand the difference between EBIT and EBITDA and know why the distinction matters.

Key Points

•   EBIT measures operating income, excluding interest and taxes, focusing on core business profitability.

•   EBITDA includes depreciation and amortization, providing a clearer view of cash flow and operational profitability.

•   EBITDA aids in company valuation and comparison by excluding non-cash expenses, including depreciation and amortization.

•   EBIT and EBITDA are not considered part of the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP), with critics suggesting some companies may overstate financial stability.

•   Thorough research is crucial before investing to avoid inaccurate assessments of companies’ health. Though there are provisions that exist to protect against misuse.

What Is EBIT?

EBIT stands for “earnings before interest and taxes,” and is a way to measure a company’s operating income. Here’s a look at what each of those components means:

•   Earnings: This is the net income of a company over a specified period of time, such as a quarter or fiscal year.

•   Interest: This refers to interest payments made to any liabilities owed by the company, including loans or lines of credit.

•   Taxes: This refers to any taxes a company must pay under federal and state laws.

Here is the formula for calculating EBIT:

EBIT = Net income + Interest + Taxes

The EBIT calculation assumes you know a company’s net income. To determine net income, you would use this formula:

Net income = Revenue – Cost of Goods Sold – Expenses

In this formula, revenue means the total amount of income generated by goods or services the company sells. Cost of goods sold refers to the cost of making or acquiring any goods the company sells, including labor or raw materials. Expenses include operating costs such as rent, utilities or payroll.

EBIT should not be confused with EBT, or earnings before tax. Earnings before tax is used to measure profits with taxes factored in, but not any interest payments the company owes. You may use this metric to evaluate companies that are subject to different taxation rules at the state level.

You can find EBIT listed on a company’s income or profit and loss statement alongside other important financial ratios, such as earnings per share (EPS).

Is Depreciation Included in EBIT?

The short answer is no, depreciation is not included in the context of the EBIT formula. But you will see depreciation factored in when calculating EBITDA.

What EBIT Tells Investors

Knowing the EBIT for a company can tell you how financially healthy that company is based on its business operations. Specifically, EBIT can tell you things like:

•   How much operating income a company needs to stay in business

•   What level of earnings a company generates

•   How efficiently the company uses earnings when debt obligations aren’t factored in

EBIT can be useful in determining how well a company manages business operations before external factors like debt and taxes come into play. It can also help to create a framework for evaluating whether certain actions, such as a stock buyback, are a true sign that a company is struggling financially.

You can also use EBIT to determine interest coverage ratio. This ratio can tell you how easily a company is able to pay interest on outstanding debt obligations. To find the interest coverage ratio, you’d divide a company’s earnings before interest and taxes by any interest paid toward debt for the specific time period you’re measuring. As an investor, this ratio can give you insight into how well a company is able to keep up with its current debts and any debts it may take on down the line.

What Is EBITDA?

EBITDA is another acronym you may see on financial statements that stands for “earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization.” In terms of the first three terms, the breakdown is exactly the same as for EBIT. Plus there are two new additions:

•   Depreciation: This term is used to refer to the decline in an asset’s value over time due to things like regular use, wear and tear or becoming obsolete.

•   Amortization: This term also applies to a decline in value but instead of a tangible asset, it can be used for intangible assets. Amortization can also be referred to in the context of borrowing. For example, a business loan amortization schedule would show how the balance declines over time as payments are made.

The only difference between EBITDA and EBIT, then, is that EBITDA adds depreciation and amortization back in.

The EBITDA formula looks like this:

EBITDA = Net Income + Interest + Taxes + Depreciation + Amortization

Alternately, you can substitute this formula instead:

EBITDA = Operating Profit + Depreciation + Amortization

In this formula, operating profit is the same thing as EBIT. To calculate EBITDA, you’d first need to calculate earnings before interest and taxes.

You should be able to find all the information you need to calculate EBITDA on a company’s income statement, though you may also need a cash flow statement for an accurate calculation.

💡 Recommended: NOPAT vs EBITDA

EBIT vs EBITDA: Which Is Better?

While EBIT allows you to gauge a company’s health based on its operations, EBITDA offers a clearer snapshot of a company’s net cash flow and how money is moving in or out of the business.

Calculating the earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization can offer a fuller picture of a company’s financial health in terms of how operational decision-making affects profitability. It can also be useful when calculating valuations for different companies and/or comparing a business to its competitors.

While EBIT and EBITDA can be a starting point for choosing where to put your money, it’s also helpful to consider other fundamental ratios such as earnings per share or price-to-earnings ratio. Active traders who are interested in benefiting from market momentum, may consider technical analysis indicators instead.

Drawbacks of EBIT vs EBITDA

While EBIT and EBITDA can be useful, there are some potential issues to be aware of. Chiefly, neither formula is considered part of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). This is a uniform set of standards that’s designed to encourage transparency and accuracy in accounting for corporations, governments and other entities.

In other words, EBIT and EBITDA don’t have any official seal of approval from an accounting authority. That means companies could potentially manipulate the numbers in their favor, if they choose to.

The better a company looks on paper, the easier it may be to attract investors or qualify for financing. Companies that are struggling behind the scenes may use inflated numbers or leave out critical information when calculating EBIT or EBITDA to appear more financially stable than they are.

Note, too, that the SEC requires listed companies that report EBITDA data to show their work – that is, show how the numbers were calculated from net income, etc. That can help protect investors from potentially misleading data.

Investors who choose to put money into a company because they accepted EBIT or EBITDA calculations at face value. It’s important to dig deeper when deciding where to invest, such as by reviewing a company’s financial statements, as these calculations may not provide a full picture of a company’s financial situation.

The Takeaway

EBIT, or earnings before interest and tax, and EBITDA, or earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization, are two ways to assess the financial health of a company. To recap, EBIT measures operating income, and EBITDA stands for “earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization.”

Also be aware that these calculations are not considered to be a part of the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, so critics note that some companies may inflate numbers to present a rosy outlook to investors. As always, it’s a good idea to research a company from a variety of different angles before investing in it.

Invest in what matters most to you with SoFi Active Invest. In a self-directed account provided by SoFi Securities, you can trade stocks, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), mutual funds, alternative funds, options, and more — all while paying $0 commission on every trade. Other fees may apply. Whether you want to trade after-hours or manage your portfolio using real-time stock insights and analyst ratings, you can invest your way in SoFi's easy-to-use mobile app.

Opening and funding an Active Invest account gives you the opportunity to get up to $1,000 in the stock of your choice.¹

FAQ

What is EBIT?

EBIT stands for “earnings before interest and taxes,” and is a way to measure a company’s operating income. It focuses on a company’s core profitability.

What is EBITDA?

EBITDA stands for “earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization.” With more information in the mix, it can tell investors a bit more about a company’s profitability.

What is the difference between EBITDA and EBIT?

The only difference between EBITDA and EBIT, then, is that EBITDA adds depreciation and amortization back into the calculation, and as such, EBITDA may tell investors in a bit more detail about a company’s full financial picture.

About the author

Rebecca Lake

Rebecca Lake

Rebecca Lake has been a finance writer for nearly a decade, specializing in personal finance, investing, and small business. She is a contributor at Forbes Advisor, SmartAsset, Investopedia, The Balance, MyBankTracker, MoneyRates and CreditCards.com. Read full bio.


Photo credit: iStock/Vertigo3d

INVESTMENTS ARE NOT FDIC INSURED • ARE NOT BANK GUARANTEED • MAY LOSE VALUE

SoFi Invest is a trade name used by SoFi Wealth LLC and SoFi Securities LLC offering investment products and services. Robo investing and advisory services are provided by SoFi Wealth LLC, an SEC-registered investment adviser. Brokerage and self-directed investing products offered through SoFi Securities LLC, Member FINRA/SIPC.

For disclosures on SoFi Invest platforms visit SoFi.com/legal. For a full listing of the fees associated with Sofi Invest please view our fee schedule.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.


¹Probability of Member receiving $1,000 is a probability of 0.026%; If you don’t make a selection in 45 days, you’ll no longer qualify for the promo. Customer must fund their account with a minimum of $50.00 to qualify. Probability percentage is subject to decrease. See full terms and conditions.

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20
2025
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7 Ways to Build Equity in Your Home

By | Budgeting & Goals, Home Ownership, personal_loan | Comments Off on 7 Ways to Build Equity in Your Home

Homeownership comes with plenty of perks, But one important financial benefit is the opportunity to build home equity, which is how much of a property you actually own. Home equity is considered a common way to generate wealth over time.

Read on to learn how homeowners can help build equity and increase the value of their home.

Key Points

•   Home equity is the amount of your home that you own, and it’s considered a way to build wealth over time.

•   Ways to build home equity include making a large down payment, adding additional principal payments, and shortening your mortgage term, among others.

•   Another way to build home equity is to apply a money windfall, such as a work bonus or tax refund, to your home loan’s principal.

•   Home equity loans and home equity lines of credit can tap your home equity and make cash available for use.

•   Home equity loans and lines of credit use your home as collateral, while a personal loan involves no collateral.

What Is Home Equity?

In order to understand how building home equity works, it’s important to understand exactly what it is.

Equity is the amount of your home you actually own. More specifically, it’s the difference between how much you owe your lender and how much your home is worth.

To calculate home equity, simply subtract the amount of the outstanding mortgage loan from the price paid for the home. So if a home is worth $350,000, and the homeowner owes $250,000 on their mortgage, they have $100,000 of equity built up in their house. Their mortgage lender still has an interest in the home to the tune of $250,000 and will continue to have an interest in the home until the mortgage is paid off.

7 Smart Ways to Build Your Home Equity

Here, learn some techniques for growing home equity.

1. Making a Big Down Payment

Homeowners can get a jump on building home equity when they’re buying a home by making a large down payment.

Typically, homebuyers using a conventional loan will put down at least 20% as a down payment to avoid having to pay mortgage insurance. That means that right off the bat, the homeowner has a 20% interest in their home. They can increase this amount by putting even more down. A down payment of 30%, for instance, will increase equity and potentially give the homebuyer more favorable mortgage payments and terms. (It can also help you avoid paying mortgage insurance.)

If making a large down payment means having less in emergency savings, however, the home buyer may want to use other methods to build equity.

2. Prioritizing Mortgage Payments

Each mortgage payment a homeowner makes increases the amount of equity they have in their home. Making mortgage payments on time will avoid potential late fees.

Keep in mind that a portion of each mortgage payment goes toward interest and sometimes escrow. You’ll want to take these amounts into account when calculating how much equity is accruing.

3. Making Extra Payments

Extra payments chip away at a loan’s principal, help build equity faster, and potentially save thousands of dollars in interest payments. Even if it’s only a little bit each month, paying more than your regular mortgage payment amount can help you increase how much home equity you build.

If adding some extra cash each month isn’t feasible, perhaps making one-time payments whenever possible — when you get a bonus at work, for instance — would be an option. Using a money windfall this way can help you build equity more quickly.

To ensure those payments are applied correctly, be sure to notify the lender that any extra or lump-sum payments should be put toward the loan’s principal.

Beware that some lenders may charge a prepayment penalty to borrowers who make significantly large payments or completely pay off their mortgage before the end of the term. Before making extra payments, consider asking the lender about a prepayment clause.

4. Refinancing to a Shorter Term

You may also consider refinancing with a loan that offers a shorter term. For example, a homeowner could refinance their 30-year mortgage to a 20-year mortgage, shaving off up to a decade of mortgage payments. However, doing so means they will also be increasing the amount they pay each month.

Still, shorter-terms loans may have the added benefit of lower interest rates, which could soften the blow of higher monthly payments.

Mortgage refinancing is not necessarily a simple process, nor is it guaranteed that a lender will offer a new loan. Homeowners can increase their chances of securing a refinanced mortgage by maintaining healthy credit and a low debt-to-income ratio. It may also help to have equity built up in the home already.

5. Renovating Your Home

Making home improvements typically increases the value of a home, which will likely increase equity. Renovating a home’s interior can be a good place to start.

Minor renovations like updating light fixtures and repainting can add some value to a home. Larger projects such as updating the kitchen, adding bathrooms or finishing the basement may yield good returns on the investment.

Weighing present cost against potential future gain may be a good thing to do before tackling a big project. The idea is that making these improvements now, and then being able to sell at a premium will mean recouping your expenses and then some. An online home improvement project calculator can help you estimate the cost of projects and how much value they could potentially add.

6. Sprucing Up the Outside

Similarly, adding to a home’s curb appeal may also increase its value. A fresh coat of paint, a well-maintained lawn, and tasteful landscaping could help increase a home’s desirability and the amount that buyers are willing to pay.

Mature trees, for example, can potentially add thousands of dollars to a home’s resale value. If you’re thinking of selling in a decade or more, planting a tree now could have a big effect on sale price later.

Increasing usable outdoor space by adding a deck or patio and installing good outdoor lighting may increase the value of your home.

7. Waiting for Home Values to Rise

The real estate market is always evolving, and sometimes, playing the waiting game could help you build equity. For instance, if your neighborhood becomes more popular, home prices could start to rise. If that happens, it may be worth keeping a home there longer to take advantage of the trend. Of course, the flip side is that housing prices may drop over time, which could mean a loss in equity.

Why Build Home Equity?

Building home equity is important because it gives the homeowner the opportunity to convert that equity into cash when the need arises. This is commonly done when a home is sold. But the equity in a home can also be important when taking out a home equity loan, which could allow the homeowner to use the value of their home while still living there.

For a home equity loan, a lender provides a lump-sum payment to the borrower. The amount must be repaid over a fixed time period with a set interest rate. As with a personal loan, home equity loans can be used for a variety of purposes. The loan is backed by the value of the home and typically must be repaid in full if the home is sold.

A home equity line of credit, or HELOC, is a revolving line of credit that uses the value of the home as collateral. Unlike lump-sum loans, a HELOC allows the homeowner to borrow money as needed up to an approved credit limit. That amount is paid back and can be drawn on again throughout the course of the loan’s draw period. While a person’s home is likely to be their most valuable asset, it’s also valuable purely because of its provision of shelter.

Researching and understanding all of the risks involved with loans that use a home as collateral, including that it could be lost if the loan is not paid back, is important before considering this option.

Of course, there may be times in your life when you want to access cash but you prefer not to tap into your home equity loan. For those times, a personal loan may be a good option, allowing you to access a lump sum of cash (typically, from a couple of thousand dollars to $50,000 or $100,000) to use for almost any purpose, such as a home renovation, a big medical bill, or a vacation.

In this case, you would repay the principal and interest over a term that’s usually two to seven years. Interest rates for an unsecured personal loan tend to be somewhat higher than those for secured loans in which collateral is involved.

The Takeaway

There are many ways to build equity in a home. Different strategies include making a large down payment or extra monthly mortgage payments, refinancing to a shorter term, renovating your home, or waiting for home values in your area to rise. Whatever your strategy, home equity can provide you with a valuable resource that can be used when a financial need arises. Often this resource is tapped into by means of a loan that is secured by the home. However, this means if the loan is not repaid, a homeowner could lose their home. If you want to avoid using a home as collateral for a loan, consider a personal loan.

Think twice before turning to high-interest credit cards. Consider a SoFi personal loan instead. SoFi offers competitive fixed rates and same-day funding. See your rate in minutes.


SoFi’s Personal Loan was named a NerdWallet 2026 winner for Best Personal Loan for Large Loan Amounts.

FAQ

What is the fastest way to build home equity?

Among the faster ways to build home equity are to make a larger down payment and to apply money windfalls to the principal of your home loan.

What is the three-day rule for home equity?

The 3-day rule for home equity says that you can cancel a home equity loan or a HELOC within three days without any penalties, provided you are using your main residence as collateral.

What credit score do you need for a home equity loan?

Many lenders want to see a credit score of at least 620 to approve a home equity loan. Usually, the higher your score, the more favorable your rate and loan terms will be.

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.


*Awards or rankings from NerdWallet are not indicative of future success or results. This award and its ratings are independently determined and awarded by their respective publications.

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²SoFi Bank, N.A. NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC), offers loans directly or we may assist you in obtaining a loan from SpringEQ, a state licensed lender, NMLS #1464945.
All loan terms, fees, and rates may vary based upon your individual financial and personal circumstances and state.
You should consider and discuss with your loan officer whether a Cash Out Refinance, Home Equity Loan or a Home Equity Line of Credit is appropriate. Please note that the SoFi member discount does not apply to Home Equity Loans or Lines of Credit not originated by SoFi Bank. Terms and conditions will apply. Before you apply, please note that not all products are offered in all states, and all loans are subject to eligibility restrictions and limitations, including requirements related to loan applicant’s credit, income, property, and a minimum loan amount. Lowest rates are reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. Products, rates, benefits, terms, and conditions are subject to change without notice. Learn more at SoFi.com/eligibility-criteria. Information current as of 06/27/24.
In the event SoFi serves as broker to Spring EQ for your loan, SoFi will be paid a fee.


Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Third Party Trademarks: Certified Financial Planner Board of Standards Center for Financial Planning, Inc. owns and licenses the certification marks CFP®, CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER®

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Tips for Reducing Credit Card Debt

By | Debt Payoff, personal_loan | Comments Off on Tips for Reducing Credit Card Debt

Americans are carrying record levels of credit card debt. And, with the average credit card annual percentage rate (APR) for purchases now averaging 24.28%, the interest on debt can be as crushing as the balance alone.

Getting out from under high-interest debt can seem like a daunting prospect. The good news is that there are ways to make the process more manageable and a lot less overwhelming. While it can take some time, using a mix of smart paydown strategies can help you reduce your debt, lower your interest rates, and put you on the road to debt-free living. Here’s a look at some of the best ways to reduce your credit card debt.

Key Points

•   Paying more than the minimum on credit card balances accelerates debt repayment and reduces interest costs.

•   Gathering financial statements provides a clear overview, aiding in making informed decisions about debt management.

•   Debt consolidation through a personal loan can simplify payments, lower interest rates, and offer a clear repayment timeline.

•   Creating a budget helps track income and expenses, essential for understanding financial health and planning debt reduction.

•   The 50/30/20 budgeting rule allocates income for needs, wants, and savings, helping prioritize financial goals.

Start by Creating A Budget

If eliminating credit card debt is the destination, creating a budget is like the road map that gets you there. While it may sound like a complicated process, it doesn’t have to be. These simple steps will get you started.

Gather Financial Statements

It might be a little painful to comb through bills and account statements, but the more information you have from the start, the easier it will be to set up a realistic budget. Try to collect the last three months of these statements in digital or paper form:

◦   Mortgage/Rent

◦   Utilities (water, gas, heat, internet, cable, HOA, etc)

◦   Pay stubs

◦   Credit card and auto loan statements

◦   Student loans or other miscellaneous recurring loans and bills

◦   Subscription services (Amazon, Netflix, Spotify, etc)

Taking the time to gather these documents can give you a clearer picture of where your money is going each month. It can also help you spot easy places to cut back on spending, such as a gym membership you no longer use or a streaming service you rarely watch.

Determine Expenses vs Income

Once your finances are all laid out, you can tally up your average monthly income (after taxes) as well as your average monthly spending. Hopefully, the amount you spend each month is less than the amount you bring in each month. You’ll also want to make a list of your usual expenses and divide them into essential and nonessential monthly expenses.

Implement Budgeting Guidelines

A budget is simply a plan for how you will spend your money. Once you see how you are currently spending your money, you may realize that your spending doesn’t necessarily line up with your priorities. There are many ways to look at budgeting, but one easy framework is the classic 50/30/20 budget. It doesn’t require complicated spreadsheets or tricky apps to get started. The 50/30/20 method simply stipulates:

•   Half a person’s take-home pay should go towards “essential spending.” This includes housing costs, health insurance, groceries, utilities, minimum payments on debt, and anything else you need to pay each month.

•   One-third of a person’s post-tax pay should be tagged for “discretionary spending.” This is spending you could cut back on if needed, such as meals out, entertaining, clothing, or a gym membership.

•   Finally, 20% of post-tax income should be set aside for saving and debt payoff. The rest of a person’s paycheck is ideally reserved for retirement, emergency savings, and making debt payments beyond the minimum.

The 50/30/20 budgeting method can work well for beginners because of its simplicity and flexibility. Trying to adhere to the percentages can sometimes show budgeters their blind spots, or perhaps highlight areas where they might need to improve. But, it can also be flexible. Depending on the cost of living in your area and your priorities, you may want to play with the percentages.

Recommended: How to Stop Spending Money

Paying More Than The Minimum

When you have multiple credit card accounts racking up charges and interest, it can sometimes feel overwhelming. You might be unsure which, if any, to prioritize for payoff, and end up just paying the minimum due on every card each month.

But, if you just make the minimum payment due you might be surprised to learn how much more you end up paying in interest as the account balance accrues. Paying more than the minimum amount owed each month could lead to saving in the long run since there’s a smaller balance to charge interest on. SoFi’s credit card interest calculator can give you a general idea of how much you could possibly save on interest by calculating different repayment options.

SoFi’s credit card interest calculator can give you a general idea of how much you could possibly save on interest by calculating different repayment options.

Recommended: All You Need to Know About Credit Card Minimum Payments

Debt Payoff Strategies

Paying off more than the minimum each month is great, but coming up with a payoff strategy could offer a better outcome in the long run. Employing a method that works for your lifestyle could result in things like building momentum, alleviating stress, and possibly making it simpler overall to conquer debt.

There are a number of simple debt-paydown strategies but here are two popular ones to consider.

Snowball Method

Like a snowball rolling down a hill, the snowball method starts with the smallest debt balances first, then builds towards the larger balances. You start by listing your debt balances from smallest to largest, without considering interest rate. You then put extra cash toward the smallest bill, while paying the minimum on all of the others. Once that bill is eliminated, you put extra cash toward the next-smallest bill. You keep the pattern going until all debt is gone.

The snowball method sometimes gets a bad rap because focusing on small debt balances first could mean paying more interest in the long run. But this method can actually have a positive psychological effect. Wiping away smaller debts can give you a sense of accomplishment that helps you power through the debt repayment process.

Avalanche Method

If small wins off the bat don’t matter much to you, then you might turn to the avalanche method. This strategy starts with paying down the biggest interest rate debt first, paying minimums on all other debts. You contribute all free cash to the bill with the highest interest rate until it’s paid down or off. Continue, paying down debt with the next highest interest rate. Keep going until all debt is gone.

This method allows you to save on interest payments over the life of each credit card balance. The downside is that it takes longer to see any “wins.” But, once things start moving, it should have an avalanche effect, with each loan toppling.

Consolidating Multiple Debts

Having multiple bills, due dates, and accounts can lead to confusion over amounts due, resulting in missed payments and late fees. For some, a credit card consolidation loan might help to cut through the confusion by rolling all their revolving debt into one unsecured personal loan.

How can a personal loan possibly help? If you have outstanding amounts owed on multiple cards, you may be able to consolidate all the debt into one personal loan with a single fixed rate payment.

What’s more, unsecured personal loans often come with a fixed interest rate that’s lower than the average credit card rate, which means less interest charges could accrue each month.

Depending on how quickly you pay off a personal loan, you could save money on interest over the life of the loan with a lower fixed APR. Streamlining debt can also lead to more peace of mind, as can having a set term with a final payment date, instead of a revolving debt like a credit card. Rather than having multiple open-ended debts of differing amounts with varied APRs, you end up with one payment a month, with one rate and a payoff date.

Unsecured personal loans aren’t for everyone. While their APRs are generally lower than credit cards, not everyone will qualify for the lowest possible rates. And taking out a personal loan is still taking out additional debt, so it’s important to weigh the ramifications of adding a loan to one’s credit history.

The Takeaway

If you’re struggling with high-interest debt, know you’re not alone. Also know that there are a number of ways you can tackle the problem. A good first step is to look at your current income and expenses, set up a budget, and select a payoff strategy (such as the snowball or avalanche method). You might also consider consolidating your debt to simplify repayment and, ideally, lower your interest rate.

Think twice before turning to high-interest credit cards. Consider a SoFi personal loan instead. SoFi offers competitive fixed rates and same-day funding. See your rate in minutes.


SoFi’s Personal Loan was named a NerdWallet 2026 winner for Best Personal Loan for Large Loan Amounts.

FAQ

What is the fastest way to pay off credit card debt?

One efficient way to wipe out credit card debt is to make extra payments beyond the minimum amount, prioritizing cards with the highest interest rate. This approach is known as the avalanche method. Another strategy to consider is the snowball method, which calls for paying off the smallest debts first and then working your way up to the largest ones.

Is it a good idea to pay more than the minimum on credit card balance?

Yes, it’s generally a smart move to pay as much above the minimum payment as possible. Paying more than the minimum can help you save money on interest, pay off debt faster, and improve your credit utilization ratio — which may help boost your credit score.

What is the 50/30/20 rule of budgeting?

The 50/30/20 rule of budgeting calls for 50% of your take-home pay to go toward necessary expenses, 30% for things you want, and 20% for savings or to pay off debt.

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.


Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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20
2025

Pros & Cons of Using Retirement Funds to Pay for College

By | Going to College, Preparing for Retirement, Student Loans, student_loan | Comments Off on Pros & Cons of Using Retirement Funds to Pay for College

Using retirement funds to pay for college may seem like a convenient solution when faced with the high cost of higher education, especially for parents looking to support their children. However, tapping into these savings can have significant financial consequences.

While certain retirement accounts, like IRAs, allow penalty-free withdrawals for qualified education expenses, the funds are often still subject to income tax and may reduce long-term retirement security.

Understanding the pros and cons can help families make informed decisions about whether to use retirement savings for college costs.

Key Points

•   Using retirement funds to pay for college can help avoid student loans, but it may incur tax liabilities and penalties depending on the account type.

•   Early withdrawals from an IRA for educational purposes can bypass the 10% penalty, but the amount withdrawn will still be taxable as income.

•   Loans from a 401(k) allow borrowing without immediate tax consequences, but leaving a job may trigger immediate repayment obligations, turning the loan into a taxable withdrawal.

•   Alternatives to using retirement funds include scholarships, federal student loans, Parent PLUS Loans, and private student loans, which may be less risky for retirement savings.

•   Balancing financial security with supporting a child’s education is essential; exploring various funding options can help maintain future financial stability.

Pros of Using Retirement Funds to Pay for College

If you already have the money saved up, there can be some upsides to taking money out of your retirement funds so that your child won’t need to take out student loans.

May Avoid an Early Withdrawal Penalty

If you have an individual retirement account (IRA), taking an early withdrawal typically results in income taxes on the withdrawal amount plus a 10% penalty. However, if you withdraw funds for qualified higher education expenses, the 10% penalty is waived.

That said, the withdrawn funds will still be considered taxable as income. Also, this tax break does not apply to 401(k) accounts. But if you roll over your 401(k) into an IRA, then you would be able to withdraw the funds from the IRA and avoid the penalty.

May Avoid Taxes Altogether

If you have a Roth IRA, you can withdraw up to the amount you’ve contributed to the account over the years without any tax consequences at all.

Paying Interest to Yourself With a 401(k) Loan

In addition to allowing you to take early withdrawals, some 401(k) plans also let you borrow from the amount you’ve already saved and earned over the years.

If you borrow from a 401(k) account, that money won’t be subject to taxes the way an early withdrawal would. Also, when you’re paying that loan back, the money you pay in interest goes back into your 401(k) account rather than to a lender.

Drawbacks of Using Retirement Funds to Pay for College

Before you raid your retirement to pay for your child’s college tuition, here are some potentially negative aspects to consider.

May Be Negative Tax Consequences

Even if you manage to avoid being charged a 10% early withdrawal penalty on your retirement account, some or all of the money you withdraw from a retirement account may be considered taxable income. Depending on how much it is, you could face a larger-than-usual tax bill when you file your tax return for the year.

401(k) Loan Repayment Can Be Affected by Your Job Status

If you take out a large loan from your 401(k), then leave your job, you may be required to pay the loan in full right then, regardless of your original repayment term. If you can’t repay it, it’ll likely be considered an early withdrawal and be subject to income tax and the 10% penalty.

You May Have to Work Longer

Taking money out of a retirement account not only lowers your balance, but it also means that the money you’ve withdrawn is no longer working for you.

Due to compounding interest, the longer you have money invested, the more time it has to grow. But even if you replace the money you’ve taken out over time, the total growth may not be as much as if you’d left the money where it was all along.

Alternatives to Using Retirement Funds to Pay for College

While you can use retirement funds to pay for college, there are other options to consider, too.

Scholarships and Grants

One of the best ways to pay for a college education is with scholarships and grants, since you typically don’t have to pay them back.

Check first with the school that your child is planning to attend (or is already attending) to see what types of scholarships and grants are available.

Then, make sure your child fills out the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA®). The information provided in the FAFSA will help determine his or her federal aid package, which typically includes grants, federal student loans, and/or work-study.

Finally, you and your child can search millions of scholarships from online scholarship databases. While your child may not qualify for all of them, there may be enough relevant options to help reduce that tuition bill.

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Company by U.S. News & World Report.

Federal Student Loans

As mentioned above, filling out the FAFSA will give your child an opportunity to qualify for federal student loans from the U.S. Department of Education.

These loans have low fixed interest rates, plus access to federal benefits, including loan forgiveness programs and income-driven repayment plans.

With most federal student loans, there’s no credit check requirement, so you don’t have to worry about needing to cosign a loan with your child.

Parent PLUS Loans

If you’re concerned about the effect of student loan debt on your child, you can opt to apply for a federal Parent PLUS Loan to help cover the costs of college.

Keep in mind that the terms aren’t usually as favorable for Parent PLUS Loans as they are for federal loans for undergraduate students. The interest rates are currently higher, and you may be denied if you have certain negative items on your credit history.

Private Student Loans

If your child can’t get federal student loans, is maxed out on loans, or has pursued all other options to no avail, private student loans may be worth considering to make up the difference.

To qualify for private student loans, however, you and/or your child may need to undergo a credit check. If your child is new to credit, you may need to cosign to help them get approved by being a cosigner — or you can apply on your own.

Private student loans don’t typically offer income-driven repayment plans or loan forgiveness programs, but if your credit and finances are strong, it may be possible to get a competitive interest rate.

Recommended: A Complete Guide to Private Student Loans

The Takeaway

Using retirement funds to pay for college is one way to help your child, but you may not want to risk your future financial security. Take the time to help your child consider all of the options to get the money to pay for school.

Options to pay for college include cash savings, working a part-time job, scholarships, grants, federal student loans, and private student loans.

If you’ve exhausted all federal student aid options, no-fee private student loans from SoFi can help you pay for school. The online application process is easy, and you can see rates and terms in just minutes. Repayment plans are flexible, so you can find an option that works for your financial plan and budget.


Cover up to 100% of school-certified costs including tuition, books, supplies, room and board, and transportation with a private student loan from SoFi.

FAQ

Can I use retirement funds to pay for my child’s college education?

Yes, it’s possible to use retirement funds, such as those from an IRA or 401(k), to pay for college expenses. However, this decision carries potential tax implications and penalties, depending on the type of account and how the funds are withdrawn.

What are the tax implications of withdrawing from an IRA for college expenses?

Withdrawals from an IRA for qualified higher education expenses can avoid the 10% early withdrawal penalty. However, the amount withdrawn is still considered taxable income, which could impact your tax bracket and financial aid eligibility.

What are the alternatives to using retirement funds for paying college tuition?

Alternatives include applying for scholarships, federal student loans, Parent PLUS Loans, and private student loans. These options can help cover college costs without compromising your retirement savings.

SoFi Private Student Loans
Please borrow responsibly. SoFi Private Student loans are not a substitute for federal loans, grants, and work-study programs. We encourage you to evaluate all your federal student aid options before you consider any private loans, including ours. Read our FAQs.

Terms and conditions apply. SOFI RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MODIFY OR DISCONTINUE PRODUCTS AND BENEFITS AT ANY TIME WITHOUT NOTICE. SoFi Private Student loans are subject to program terms and restrictions, such as completion of a loan application and self-certification form, verification of application information, the student's at least half-time enrollment in a degree program at a SoFi-participating school, and, if applicable, a co-signer. In addition, borrowers must be U.S. citizens or other eligible status, be residing in the U.S., Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands, or American Samoa, and must meet SoFi’s underwriting requirements, including verification of sufficient income to support your ability to repay. Minimum loan amount is $1,000. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. SoFi reserves the right to modify eligibility criteria at any time. This information is subject to change. This information is current as of 4/22/2025 and is subject to change. SoFi Private Student loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891 (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org).

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.


Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Tax Information: This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or tax advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or tax advice.

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