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The Savvy Investor’s Guide: Top 10 Ways to Aim to Build Your $1,000

If you’re looking for ways to invest $1,000, particularly in 2024, there are numerous options available to you, including stocks, bonds, treasuries, and even your own skill set. While investing has always been crucial to growing wealth, these days, it’s probably more important than ever as prices rise and many people struggle to sock enough money away to reach their financial goals.

Fortunately, there is an array of options available to investors, as mentioned, who are looking for ways to invest $1,000 — or any other amount.

1. Dive Into the Stock Market With Index Funds

Investors may want to dip their toes into the stock market and invest in index funds. Investing in index funds comprises a passive investing strategy, which can be less risky than buying individual stocks or securities. These types of funds track or follow a market index, or benchmarket, and track it so as to mimic the performance of the larger market, or a segment of it.

Why S&P 500 Index Funds Make Sense

If you’re looking at investing $1,000, it may make sense to check out S&P 500 index funds, which track the S&P 500 index — more or less, most of the stock market. These index funds give investors exposure to 500 of the biggest stocks on the market.

Notably, investing in one of these index funds can be advantageous because it’s easy, gives investors immediate and broad exposure in the markets, and offers a degree of built-in diversification into their portfolios. That’s not to say that investing in S&P 500 index funds is foolproof, of course, as they do have their risks. In the event of a broad market downturn, for instance, your portfolio would likely take a significant hit, depending on the specific makeup of the portfolio.

As such, index fund investing has some advantages, such as ease of management, relatively low entry costs in some cases, and the ability to quickly diversify a portfolio. But there can be disadvantages, too: Index funds don’t necessarily directly follow indexes, it’s a form of passive investing (which may be disappointing to investors who want a more active approach), and depending on your overall strategy, they may not be the best fit – they may be better for long-term investors, for instance.

The Long-Term Benefits of Market Matching

The true magic of broad index funds is that many of them will track the larger performance of the market over time. Which, if you’ve looked at the historical run of the market, tends to go up. As for the S&P 500, specifically? It has grown significantly over time — but not without some hiccups along the way. The S&P 500 has annualized approximately 10% over time.

2. Embrace Diversification With ETFs

Exchange-traded funds, or ETFs, are another good option for investors looking at how to invest $1,000. They can also serve as an alternative to index funds, as ETFs can be a great tool for some new and experienced investors to gain broad exposure to a wide variety of different asset classes. These days, there are ETFs for almost anything.

How ETFs Offer Accessibility to Beginners

Purchasing shares of an ETF works just like purchasing shares of an individual company’s stock. Which means it can be easy for beginners.

ETF trading, like other types of trading or investing, has its pros and cons, though. As for the pros, ETFs can be easy to trade (again, good for beginners), offer a degree of built-in diversification, tend to have lower associated costs, and may be more tax-efficient than other investment types, like mutual funds. As for cons, ETFs may lack personalization, suffer from tracking errors, introduce counterparty and market risks, and may incorporate complex trading strategies (like leveraged or inverse ETFs).

So, keep in mind that while ETFs may be beginner-friendly, there are advantages and disadvantages.

Comparing Popular ETF Options

As mentioned, investors can look at broad index-focused ETFs, or any number of others. An internet search will yield many options, no matter an investor’s interest.

Imagine an investor who wants exposure to gold mining stocks. But researching all of the many different mining companies out there, examining their plans, management, profitability and more all seems overwhelming. What could such an investor do? They may want to consider buying shares of any number of different ETFs that include a basket of gold mining stocks. There are ETFs for real estate, oil, bonds, and stocks of different companies in many different industries.


💡 Quick Tip: The best stock trading app? That’s a personal preference, of course. Generally speaking, though, a great app is one with an intuitive interface and powerful features to help make trades quickly and easily.

3. Bet on Yourself: Invest in Personal Development

If you’re wondering how to invest $1,000 outside of traditional financial securities, look inward! An investment in yourself and your own personal development can also pay dividends.

Education as an Investment

Earning a degree, certificate, or otherwise investing in education is, for many people, a first step toward a brighter financial future. While there are risks and significant costs associated with going to college or earning a degree, it may increase your earning potential significantly, and over the years, that should add up in a big way.

If this is something you’re seriously considering, you could also compare the pros and cons of attending a community college versus a four-year institution, and look at programs that tend to lead to more career opportunities. But remember that there’s no guarantee that a degree or certificate will lead to future job opportunities, or additional earnings.

4. Secure Your Future With Retirement Funds

Another way to invest $1,000 is to sock it away in a retirement account or retirement fund, and there are several options available to investors. For instance, you could open an IRA, or enroll in an employer-sponsored account, like a 401(k).

The Advantage of IRAs

Individual retirement accounts, or IRAs, come in different varieties, such as traditional and Roth IRAs. It’s worth checking out the differences to see which may be the best fit for you and your specific situation or goals, but the general idea is that you can invest money in these accounts, and they’re tax-advantaged. Plus, anyone can open one — they’re not employer-sponsored.

The Magic of 401(k) Matches

Maximizing a 401(k) retirement plan can be another option for investors who are looking to grow their money. Some employers will match employee contributions to 401(k) accounts, effectively supercharging their ability to save. While there are annual contribution limits, investors who have a little extra money to invest may want to see if they can or should put it in their 401(k).

While both IRAs and 401(k)s have some advantages for investors, you’ll want to keep the potential downsides in mind, too. Depending on the type of account you open (Roth versus traditional, for instance), there may not be any immediate tax benefits, for one. Further, it may be difficult to withdraw money quickly if you need it, and there are fees and penalties for doing so depending on your age. You may also be required to take distributions at one point, which some investors may not want to do.

5. Step Into Tech With Robo-Advisors

Robo-advisors are algorithms that pick investments for investors automatically. That may be of interest to some investors looking to put some extra money to work. And letting technology take the reins when it comes to making investment decisions can be appealing to many investors, as it takes much of the guesswork, calculation, and research out of the investing process.

Simplifying Investments With Technology

As for how they work? Generally, an online robo-advisor will ask the investor some simple questions about their investment goals, risk tolerance, and where they are in their wealth-building journey (basically, current age and desired retirement age). Then, based on those answers, a portfolio will be generated, and the amount of money the investor would like to invest will be allocated accordingly.

There are typically several different model portfolios that will be recommended to investors, ranging from conservative risk-off, to moderately risk-on, to aggressively risk-on.

The various model portfolios usually provide a mix of assets according to how much risk an investor ought to take, which is determined by the answers given to the robo-advisor’s questions.

For example, traditional wisdom dictates that younger investors can take more risk because they have more time to make up for potential losses. On the other hand, older investors who find themselves closer to retirement are generally urged to take as little risk as possible, since steep losses could ruin their retirement plans.

Also keep some of the downsides of using a robo-advisor in mind, too. For example, there may be limited personalization and flexibility when using one, which may be a turn-off for some investors who want to take a more active hand in their portfolio. There’s also a lack of human contact, so you won’t be able to speak with someone at your brokerage as easily as you might like. The fees and costs, too, may be more than some investors want to pay.

6. Pay Down High-Interest Debts

While paying down debt may not seem like an “investment” in the traditional sense, it can serve as a sort of investment in your financial future by freeing up money that might go toward interest payments. Instead, you may be able to repurpose that money and funnel it into index funds, your retirement account, or more.

While how or if you choose to target your debt balances will depend on any number of factors, in most cases, it may be wise to try and pay down your debts with the highest applicable interest rate first — that will end up saving you the most money in the long run, as you save the most in interest.

As for how to do it? There are a lot of strategies to pay down debt out there, but it can start with some simple steps: Create a budget, set goals, utilize balance transfers, and more.

A couple of common debt-payoff strategies are the “snowball” and “avalanche” methods, which involve either paying off your debts with the lowest overall balance first, or your debts with the highest applicable interest rate – as mentioned. One or the other may work better for you, and it may be a good idea to try different strategies out to see what works.

Paying down debt is generally a good idea, but if there’s a downside to it, it’s the opportunity costs associated with the money you’re using to pay balances down. Think about this: If you instead invested or saved the money you’re using to pay down debt with, that money could grow or appreciate in the meantime – though there are no guarantees. Again, lowering debt burdens isn’t a bad thing, but opportunity costs may be something to keep in mind.

7. Create a Safety Net With High-Yield Savings Accounts

As interest rates shot up in 2022 and 2023, another potential avenue for growing your money is by putting it in a high-yield savings account. These accounts tend to offer higher interest than standard checking or savings accounts, and many banks offer them. It’s been some time since interest rates were actually attractive to investors, but heading into 2024, it may be worth seeing what your options are.

Finding the Best High-Yield Accounts

You’re likely to find numerous options for high-yield savings accounts out there, but some things you’ll want to look for include annual percentage yields (APY), required initial deposits, minimum balance requirements, applicable fees, and whether there’s a penalty for withdrawing your money.

What makes one account more attractive to you versus another will depend on your personal preferences. But generally, you’re looking for the highest APY, and lowest fees or costs associated with an account.

8. Explore Passive Income Opportunities

Why not invest in a passive income venture? That could be a side hustle, side gig, small business, or something similar. A lot of those opportunities will likely require at least a little startup capital, and many can be started for less than $1,000 — much less, in some cases.

Getting Started With Passive Ventures

There are dozens and dozens of ways to put your money to work and start a passive venture. Consider some of these ideas: Lend your money through a peer-to-peer lending platform, advertise using your personal vehicle, become a pet sitter, become a house cleaner, or even use some money to start a blog or publish an ebook.

Again, some of these will require a little startup cash, but if the chips fall in the right way, they could end up being lucrative passive income ventures.

Low-Investment Ideas for Passive Earnings

If you’re looking for investment opportunities, specifically, you can look at crowdfunding opportunities, buying an ETF or index fund, or even experimenting with a robo-advisor — all as mentioned. These may not provide passive “earnings” in the same way a small business venture would, but if the market sways in the right way, could provide some returns over time.

But, as always, do consider that all investing involves risk, as discussed. Not only that, but business ventures involve risk, as does lending out your money. These may be ways to earn or generate some passive income, but they all do have their associated risks.

9. Invest in Your Child’s Education with a 529 Plan

If you have children, or children in your life, you can also look at the possibility of investing in a 529 college savings plan. With education costs increasing every year, they’ll likely be thankful you did.

The Basics of 529 Plans

A 529 plan, or qualified tuition plan, allows parents or others to essentially pre-pay for a student’s tuition expenses, or contribution to an education-focused savings account. The contributions aren’t tax-deductible, but the distributions are tax-free for beneficiaries if they’re used on a qualified expense, such as tuition, books, and more.

Long-Term Benefits for Your Family

There are other options out there that can be used for saving or investing for education expenses. But the whole point is that these types of accounts can be used to ease the financial burden of college, offering tax-free growth. With student debt remaining a huge issue in the U.S., saving and investing for tuition earlier rather than later may be beneficial.

While 529 plans have benefits, there can be disadvantages as well. Funds can only be used for education purposes, for one, and there may be limited tax advantages depending on where you live and your specific financial situation. There are also fees and costs to consider, and investors should know that they won’t be able to take much of a hand in directing investments, either.

10. Consider Safe Bonds and T-Bills

If stocks, index funds, ETFs, or other investments seem a bit too risky, you can always look at relatively safe investments — which could include bonds and treasuries, or T-bills.

The Stability of Government Bonds

Treasuries, which are bonds that are issued by the federal government, and are generally considered to be one of, if not the safest investment on the market. That’s not to say that they aren’t without risk, but if treasuries become risky investments, there’s likely bigger issues to deal with in the economy than worrying about the value of your bond holdings. They can also be purchased directly from the government.

While Treasuries are relatively safe investments, they’re not without risk or downsides. For most investors, the primary disadvantage of Treasuries are that they provide low returns compared to other investments – but that’s typically the trade-off investors make to assume less risk.

Making Your Investment Work Harder

Investing your money — however you choose to do it — requires at least some research and consideration. At first, that is, depending on how you choose to invest or save it. But the point is to put the money away in a savings or investment account, allowing the market and time to work its magic, and hopefully seeing your balance or holdings accrue value over time.

When to Pivot Your Investment Strategy

Many investors may want to take a hands-off approach to investing, and that can work. Others may want to be more active. While you should perhaps consult with a financial professional to get a sense of what might work best for you, there are going to be times where you’ll want to consider pivoting your strategy.

As you move through life, your goals, risk tolerance, and time horizon will change – and so will your investment strategy. It may be difficult to tell when it’s time to adjust your strategy, but it can be a good idea to keep the fact that your strategy will change, at some point, in mind.

Ready to invest in your goals? It’s easy to get started when you open an investment account with SoFi Invest. You can invest in stocks, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), mutual funds, alternative funds, and more. SoFi doesn’t charge commissions, but other fees apply (full fee disclosure here).

For a limited time, opening and funding an Active Invest account gives you the opportunity to get up to $1,000 in the stock of your choice.


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Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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No Prepayment Penalty: Avoid Prepayment Penalties

You may feel proud of yourself for paying off a debt early, but doing so could trigger prepayment fees (ouch). The best way to avoid those charges is to read the fine print before you take out a loan that involves this kind of fee.

If you neglected to do that, however, it doesn’t necessarily mean you’re stuck with a prepayment penalty. Read on to learn ways to avoid paying loan prepayment penalties.

What Is a Prepayment Penalty?

A prepayment penalty is when a lender charges you a fee for paying off your loan before the end of the loan term. It can be frustrating that a lender would charge you for paying off a loan too early. After all, many people may think a lender would appreciate being repaid as quickly as possible.

In theory, a lender would appreciate getting repaid quickly. But in reality, it’s not that simple. Lenders make most of their profit from interest, so if you pay off your loan early, the lender is possibly losing out on the interest payments that they were anticipating. Charging a prepayment penalty is one way a lender may recoup their financial loss if you pay off your loan early.

Lenders might calculate the prepayment fee based on the loan’s principal or how much interest remains when you pay off the loan. The penalty could also be a fixed amount as stated in the loan agreement.


💡 Quick Tip: Before choosing a personal loan, ask about the lender’s fees: origination, prepayment, late fees, etc. SoFi personal loans come with no-fee options, and no surprises.

Can You Pay Off a Loan Early?

Say you took out a $5,000 personal loan three years ago. You’ve been paying it off for three years, and you have two more years before the loan term ends. Recently you received a financial windfall and you want to use that money to pay off your personal loan early.

Can you pay off a personal loan early without paying a prepayment penalty? It depends on your lender. Some lenders offer personal loans without prepayment penalties, but some don’t. A mortgage prepayment penalty is more common than a personal loan prepayment penalty.

Recommended: When to Consider Paying off Your Mortgage Early

Differences in Prepayment Penalties

The best way to figure out how much a prepayment penalty would be is to check a loan’s terms before you accept them. Lenders have to be upfront about how much the prepayment penalty will be, and they’re required by law to disclose that information before you take on the loan.

Personal Loan Prepayment Penalty

If you take out a $6,000 personal loan to turn your guest room into a pet portrait studio and agree to pay your lender back $125 per month for five years, the term of that loan is five years. Although your loan term says it can’t take you more than five years to pay it off, some lenders also require that you don’t pay it off in less than five years.

The lender makes money off the monthly interest you pay on your loan, and if you pay off your loan early, the lender doesn’t make as much money. Loan prepayment penalties allow the lender to recoup the money they lose when you pay your loan off early.

Mortgage Prepayment Penalty

When it comes to mortgages, things get a little trickier. For loans that originated after 2014, there are restrictions on when a lender can impose prepayment penalties. If you took out a mortgage before 2014, however, you may be subject to a mortgage prepayment penalty. If you’re not sure if your mortgage has a prepayment penalty, check your origination paperwork or call your lender.

Checking for a Prepayment Clause

Lenders disclose whether or not they charge a prepayment penalty in the loan documents. It might be in the fine print, but the prepayment clause is there. If you’re considering paying off any type of loan early, check your loan’s terms and conditions to determine whether or not you’ll have to pay a prepayment penalty.

How Are Prepayment Penalties Calculated?

The cost of a prepayment penalty can vary widely depending on the amount of the loan and how your lender calculates the penalty. Lenders have different ways to determine how much of a prepayment penalty to charge.

If your loan has a prepayment penalty, figuring out exactly what the fee will be can help you determine whether paying the penalty will outweigh the benefits of paying your loan off early. Here are three different ways the prepayment penalty fee might be calculated:

1. Interest costs. If your loan charges a prepayment penalty based on interest, the lender is basing the fee on the interest you would have paid over the full term of the loan. Using the previous example, if you have a $6,000 loan with a five-year term and want to pay the remaining balance of the loan after only four years, the lender may charge you 12 months’ worth of interest as a penalty.

2. Percentage of balance. Some lenders use a percentage of the amount left on the loan to determine the penalty fee. This is a common way to calculate a mortgage prepayment penalty fee. For example, if you bought a house for $500,000 and have already paid down half the mortgage, you might want to pay off the remaining balance in a lump sum before the full term of your loan is up. In this case, your lender might require that you pay a percentage of the remaining $250,000 as a penalty.

3. Flat fee. Some lenders simply have a flat fee as a prepayment penalty. This means that no matter how early you pay back your loan, the amount you’ll have to pay will always be the prepayment penalty amount that’s disclosed in the loan agreement.

Recommended: Debt Payoff Guide

Avoiding a Prepayment Penalty

Trying to avoid prepayment penalties can seem like an exercise in futility, but it is possible. The easiest way to avoid them is to take out a loan or mortgage without prepayment penalties. If that’s not possible, you may still have options.

•   If you already have a personal loan that has a prepayment penalty, and you want to pay your loan off early, talk to your lender. You may be offered an opportunity to pay off your loan closer to the final due date and sidestep the penalty. Or you might find that even if you pay off the loan early and incur a penalty, it might be less than the interest you would have paid over the remaining term of the loan.

•   You can also take a look at your loan origination paperwork to see if it allows for a partial payoff without penalty. If it does, you might be able to prepay a portion of your loan each year, which allows you to get out of debt sooner without requiring you to pay a penalty fee.

For example, some mortgages allow payments of up to 25% of the purchase price once a year, without charging a prepayment penalty. This means that while you might not be able to pay off your full mortgage, you could pay up to 25% of the purchase price each year without triggering a penalty.

Some lenders shift their prepayment penalty terms over the life of your loan. This means that as you get closer to the end of your original loan term, you might face lower prepayment penalty fees or no fees at all. If that’s the case, it might make sense to wait a year or two until the prepayment penalties are less or no longer apply.

When it comes to your money, you don’t want to make any assumptions. You still need to do your due diligence by asking potential lenders if they have a prepayment penalty. The Truth in Lending Act (TILA) requires lenders to provide documentation of any loan fees they charge, including a prepayment penalty. Also, under the TILA, consumers have the right to cancel a loan agreement within three days of closing on the loan without the lender taking any adverse action against them.

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The Takeaway

A prepayment penalty is one fee that can be avoided by asking questions of the lender and looking at the loan documents with a discerning eye. This may hold true both when you are shopping for a loan and when you are paying your loan off.

Think twice before turning to high-interest credit cards. Consider a SoFi personal loan instead. SoFi offers competitive fixed rates and same-day funding. Checking your rate takes just a minute.


SoFi’s Personal Loan was named NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Personal Loan overall.


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Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .

Non affiliation: SoFi isn’t affiliated with any of the companies highlighted in this article.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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When Should You Make Big Purchases?

If you’re making a big purchase, it can pay (literally) to know when prices are lowest, such as Black Friday, Cyber Monday, and other sale dates.

After all, if you are plunking down hundreds or thousands on a purchase, you likely want to get the best bargain possible. Here, you’ll learn about the best times to buy some of the most common big investment items. Happy shopping!

Televisions

If you’re interested in upgrading your home viewing experience, waiting for a sale could mean you score serious savings on the model you’ve had your eye on. There are a few times of year that TVs commonly go on sale. One way to score a deal on a new TV is to follow the release cycle.

Most television manufacturers release new models sometime between February and April every year, and while you could pick up the latest model, you could also find dramatic price cuts on last year’s models since retailers are looking to make room for newer inventory.

You can also find discounts on televisions in advance of events like the big football game in February, during Black Friday, and Cyber Monday.


💡 Quick Tip: Before choosing a personal loan, ask about the lender’s fees: origination, prepayment, late fees, etc. One question can save you many dollars.

Laptops

Buying a laptop can be a very personal choice. The demands you place on your computer may require more processing power than others, so it’s important to determine what you need out of a laptop before you begin browsing different brands and models. Deals may vary depending on the model that you need.

Macbooks and other Apple products usually get an upgrade once a year, though they don’t always follow a consistent release schedule or release all new products at the same time. If you see ads announcing new models, it may well mean that last year’s models are seeing price cuts.

Major PC manufacturers generally release new laptops three times a year — back-to-school season from June to September, holiday season from September to December, and spring from February to April. However, the best deals on laptops tend to appear at the heart of the back-to-school shopping season from July to August and from November to December, the peak of the holiday shopping season.

Outdoor Furniture

A great time to shop for outdoor furniture is generally when you won’t actually be able to use it. Typically, patio furniture goes on sale from Fourth of July to Labor Day, as retailers are trying to clear their inventory to make room for fall inventory. Usually the further you are from summer, the bigger the savings.

Recommended: $5,000 Personal Loan: How to Get One

Mattresses

Finding the perfect mattress can mean comfort, relaxation, and most importantly a restful sleep. So finding a supremely comfortable mattress and at a low price would be a huge win.

When buying a mattress there are a few times of year you can target to find reliably low prices. May is one of the best months to buy a new mattress. That’s because most sellers launch new models in June, and are eager to make space for the newer inventory.

It’s also worth looking for deals over popular shopping holidays, including but not limited to Memorial Day, Labor Day, and President’s Day. And don’t overlook Black Friday and Cyber Monday, where you can often find reasonable prices and good deals on mattresses. Amazon Prime Day can be another good time to swoop in and get a good deal.

Furniture

If you’re ready to spruce up your interior design with some new furniture there are two times you can look to find some major sales. The best time to buy furniture is typically either in winter or summer (usually January or July, to be specific). Usually, new styles are released twice a year, in February and August.

In January and July, retailers are eager to clear space for those new arrivals, so prices will generally be discounted. Floor models may be included as well, so you could ask about discounts on sample pieces to help you afford your purchase, whether you are thinking of using your credit card or a personal loan to pay for your new furniture.

And for an even better deal? Don’t be afraid to haggle! Furniture stores may be willing to negotiate, so consider asking them to sweeten the deal with a discount or freebie.

You may also find furniture deals around shopping holidays like President’s Day and Memorial Day.

Recommended: Can I Increase My Personal Loan Amount?

Engagement Rings

The thrill of falling in love and finally finding your match is invigorating. The cost of an engagement ring to make it official? Not as exciting. In 2023, Americans spent an average of $6,000 to buy an engagement ring. If the thought of dropping a few thousand dollars on a ring is less than thrilling, it could be worth planning your purchase so you can wait for the optimal time to buy.

If you’re wondering how to finance an engagement ring, know that there are a couple of times when you may be able to find a discount. Jewelry sales can be slow in the summer, so there may be sales to entice customers. There may also be seasonal sales after Christmas or after Valentine’s Day. Some jewelers may even be willing to negotiate on price to make the sale.

Household Appliances

Major household appliances like dishwashers, washing machines, stoves, and refrigerators can be expensive, so it makes sense to look out for discounts before you commit to a new model. Some great discounts on appliances can be found from September to October when manufacturers are releasing their latest product. This can make financing an appliance purchase easier.

Retailers will be trying to make room for newer models so you can often find considerable discounts during these months on new, but last year’s models. When it comes to refrigerators, the best time to purchase is usually in that spring, as that is when manufacturers release new models.

Black Friday and the Fourth of July are other great times to look for sales on household appliances. And if you plan on buying a new appliance from a brick and mortar store, it could be worth going toward the end of the month when salesmen are trying to meet their monthly quotas.

Tip: When you’re looking to upgrade or replace an appliance, always check for floor models and returned (but still fully functional) models when bargain hunting.

Fitness Equipment

Have your eye on a new treadmill or elliptical? January could be the right time to buy new exercise equipment as stores are eager to take advantage of New Year’s resolutions to get fit or lose weight.

Also look for Black Friday, Cyber Monday, and Amazon Prime Day discounts.

Cars

Dealerships generally offer great deals during year-end sales events. Some dealers anticipate cars as gifts for the holidays. Car dealerships are also looking toward the new year, which means they’ll need to make space for newer models on the lot. For some dealers, December is one of their biggest sales months.

You may also secure a good deal on a new car during holiday weekends when dealerships run promotions. Dealerships are also more likely to offer a deal on older models, anticipating a new release. Typically, new models are released in September and October, so you might also look for deals in late August. This intel can help you get your financing for a car purchase ready in time to go shopping.

The Takeaway

The best time to make a large purchase will depend on the item. There are a few shopping holidays, like Memorial Day, Labor Day, and Black Friday, when retailers are known to offer deep discounts on some items. When shopping for a big-ticket item it can be helpful to do your research, shop around, and in some cases, negotiate to secure the best deal.

Even timing your purchase to secure a deal at peak savings can mean a hefty bill. Instead of charging the expense to your credit card, consider applying for an unsecured personal loan, which likely offers a lower interest rate.

Think twice before turning to high-interest credit cards. Consider a SoFi personal loan instead. SoFi offers competitive fixed rates and same-day funding. Checking your rate takes just a minute.


SoFi’s Personal Loan was named NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Personal Loan overall.



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Non affiliation: SoFi isn’t affiliated with any of the companies highlighted in this article.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

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Student Loan Forgiveness for Firefighters

Student loan payments are a heavy burden for many people working in public service. The pandemic-related pause on payment and interest accrual on student loans offered many firefighters relief from their student loan payments. But in October 2023, student loan payments resumed. Now, many borrowers, including firefighters, are struggling. About 40% of all federal borrowers missed their first payments.

Don’t let stress make you put off taking action on your debt. There are actually a number of relief programs that can help firefighters lower their monthly payments, even get the balance of their loans forgiven. Here’s a guide to help you navigate your forgiveness and repayment options.

Understanding Student Loan Forgiveness for Firefighters

If you’re hoping to become a firefighter, or already working as one, you’ve made a noble choice. Besides putting out local blazes, firefighters also rescue victims, educate the public on fire prevention, attend to medical emergencies, and respond to disasters.

While working as a first responder can be rewarding, repaying your student loans can be a challenge on a firefighter’s salary. The good news is that firefighters have options for student loan assistance and forgiveness, including Public Service Loan Forgiveness, income-driven repayment plans, consolidation, and refinancing. What follows is an overview of student loan forgiveness and relief programs for firefighters.


💡 Quick Tip: Often, the main goal of refinancing is to lower the interest rate on your student loans — federal and/or private — by taking out one loan with a new rate to replace your existing loans. Refinancing makes sense if you qualify for a lower rate and you don’t plan to use federal repayment programs or protections.

Public Service Loan Forgiveness for Firefighters

The Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF) program cancels qualifying student loans for individuals, including firefighters and emergency medical personnel, who have worked in public service for 10 years and have made 120 payments on their loans. If you’re eligible, this can be one of the best ways to get loan forgiveness as a firefighter.

Qualifying Criteria for Firefighters Under This Program

To qualify for PSLF, you need to be employed full time by a federal, state, local, or tribal government or qualifying not-for-profit organization. You can use the Department of Education’s employer search tool to see if your employer qualifies for PSLF.

In addition, you must:

•   Have federal Direct Loans (or consolidate other federal student loans into a Direct Loan)

•   Repay your loans under an income-driven repayment plan or a 10-year Standard Repayment Plan

•   Make a total of 120 qualifying monthly payments that need not be consecutive

Note that payments that would have been due during the pandemic-related pause count toward PSLF as long as you meet all other qualifications. You will get credit as though you made monthly payments.

If you have Federal Family Education Loans (FFEL), Federal Perkins Loans, or student loans from private lenders, these do not qualify for PSLF. However, you do have other relief and repayment options (more on those below).

Steps to Apply and Track Progress for Loan Forgiveness

To be considered for PSLF, you’ll need to submit a PSLF form. The easiest way to do this is by using the government’s PSLF Help Tool.

You can use this tool to request that your employer’s eligibility be reviewed (if it is not already in the government’s database), prepare and sign your PSLF form, and request certification and signature from your employer.

You can log in to StudentAid.gov any time to track your PSLF progress. Keep in mind that you’ll need to certify your employment every year and any time you change employers.

Income-Driven Repayment Plans and Loan Forgiveness

If you don’t qualify for PSLF, you may find that an income-driven repayment plan helps reduce student loan payments so they fit more easily into your budget.

With an income-driven repayment (IDR) plan, you make regular payments based on your income and family size for 20 or 25 years. Payments could even be $0 if you’re currently unemployed or earn less than 150% or 225% of the poverty threshold, depending on the plan you choose.

Whatever balance is left at the end of the repayment term is forgiven.

Loan Forgiveness Options Available Through Income-Driven Plans

The following income-driven repayment plans may be eligible for forgiveness:

•   Saving on a Valuable Education (SAVE), which replaced the REPAYE plan

•   Income-Based Repayment (IBR)

•   Pay As You Earn (PAYE)

•   Income-Contingent Repayment (ICR)

All income-driven repayment plans share some similarities: Each caps payments to between 10% and 20% of your discretionary income and forgives your remaining loan balance after 20 or 25 years of payments. (With the SAVE Plan, those with undergraduate loans will see payments decreased from 10% of discretionary income to 5% starting July 2024.)

The plans also have some distinct differences, so before enrolling in any income-driven plan, you’ll want to plug your loan information into Federal Student Aid’s Loan Simulator. This will give a good idea of your monthly bills, overall costs, and forgiveness amounts under each plan.

Payments under every IDR plan count toward PSLF. If you’ll qualify for this program, choosing the plan that offers you the smallest payment is likely your best bet.

Steps to Enroll in an Income-Driven Repayment Plan

You can apply for an IDR plan online at the government’s IDR request page. You’ll need:

•   A verified FSA ID

•   Your income information

•   Your personal information (address, email, etc)

•   Your spouse’s information (if applicable)

Once you log in online, you can click “I want to enter an income-driven plan.” The application process is quick and easy and should take about 10 minutes. You can save and continue the application later, so you don’t need to finish it in a single session.

Federal Perkins Loan Cancellation for Firefighters

A Perkins Loan is a type of subsidized federal student loan based on financial need. The Perkins Loan Program ended in 2017. However, people who received a Perkins Loan are still required to pay those loans and are eligible for the benefits of the Perkins Loan Program.

As a firefighter, you may be eligible to have up to 100% of your loan balance canceled in the following increments:

•   15% per year for the first and second years of service

•   20% for the third and fourth years

•   30% for the fifth year

Eligibility Requirements for Firefighters

To be eligible for Perkins Loan cancellation, you need to be:

A firefighter with five years of full-time service employed by a federal, state, or local firefighting agency to extinguish destructive fires or provide firefighting-related services that began on or after Aug. 14, 2008.

Process to Apply for Perkins Loan Cancellation

You can apply for Perkins Loan forgiveness by contacting the school that issued the loan. The financial aid office or billing office should be able to provide the necessary paperwork.

The college will process your completed application. You will need to provide them with proof that you work for a qualifying employer as a full-time firefighter to be eligible for Perkins Loan forgiveness.

If approved, you’ll get your Perkins Loan balance, plus the interest on the loan, forgiven in five stages, provided you remain employed as a full-time firefighter.

While you are enrolled in the Perkins Loan forgiveness program, you don’t have to make monthly loan payments. If you stop working for a qualified employer as a full-time firefighter, however, loan payments will resume right away.

Loan Consolidation for Firefighters

If you have multiple federal student loans and want to simplify repayment, you might consider federal loan consolidation. If you have FFEL, Perkins, or parent PLUS loans, you will need to consolidate to be eligible for income-driven repayment, public service loan forgiveness. or other relief programs.

When you consolidate federal loans, the government pays them off and replaces them with a Direct Consolidation Loan. Your new fixed interest rate will be the weighted average of your previous rates, rounded up to the next one-eighth of 1%. Your new loan term could range from 10 to 30 years, depending on your total student loan balance.

You can access the direct consolidation loan application at StudentAid.gov. You’ll need to finish the application in one session, so you’ll want to gather the documents listed in the “What do I need?” section before you start, and set aside about 30 minutes to fill it out.

During the application process, you’ll get the opportunity to choose a repayment plan. You can either get a repayment timeline based on your loan balance or pick one that ties payments to income. If you pick an IDR plan, you’ll need to next fill out an IDR plan request.

Loan Refinance for Firefighters

If you have higher-interest federal or private student loans, you may be able to refinance your debt with another lender to get a lower interest rate, lower monthly payments, or both. Be cautious about extending your loan term to get lower payments, however. Longer loan terms could mean you’ll pay more interest over time.

Refinancing involves taking out a new loan with a private lender and using it to pay off your existing student loans. While your credit rating doesn’t matter when you take out a federally-backed student loan or consolidate federal student loans, you’ll need a solid credit score and record of stable employment to qualify to refinance a student loan with a new lender. Generally, borrowers with excellent credit get lower interest rates and better loan terms.

You can often shop around and “browse rates” without any impact to your credit scores (prequalifying typically involves a soft credit check). Just keep in mind that refinancing federal loans with a private lender means losing access to government protections like IDR plans and student loan forgiveness programs.


💡 Quick Tip: Refinancing could be a great choice for working graduates who have higher-interest graduate PLUS loans, Direct Unsubsidized Loans, and/or private loans.

Take control of your student loans.
Ditch student loan debt for good.


The Takeaway

As a full-time or volunteer firefighter, the return to repayment of federal student loans after a nearly three-and-a-half-year pause may be putting a significant strain on your budget. We want to help you figure out your best plan of attack on debt. Some options that may be able to help ease the burden of repayment for firefighters include PSLF, IDR plans, consolidating, and refinancing.

Looking to lower your monthly student loan payment? Refinancing may be one way to do it — by extending your loan term, getting a lower interest rate than what you currently have, or both. (Please note that refinancing federal loans makes them ineligible for federal forgiveness and protections. Also, lengthening your loan term may mean paying more in interest over the life of the loan.) SoFi student loan refinancing offers flexible terms that fit your budget.


With SoFi, refinancing is fast, easy, and all online. We offer competitive fixed and variable rates.



SoFi Student Loan Refinance
SoFi Student Loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891. (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org). SoFi Student Loan Refinance Loans are private loans and do not have the same repayment options that the federal loan program offers, or may become available, such as Public Service Loan Forgiveness, Income-Based Repayment, Income-Contingent Repayment, PAYE or SAVE. Additional terms and conditions apply. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal.


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SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.


Non affiliation: SoFi isn’t affiliated with any of the companies highlighted in this article.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

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Comprehensive Guide to Assets: Understanding Their Role and Value

You’ve probably come across the term “asset” many times in your life — long before you began saving and investing.

What is an asset? Generally, the word may be used to refer to anything of value — from a great work ethic to a great group of friends. But when you’re talking about finances, the term asset is typically used to refer to things that have economic value to a person, a company, and/or a government.

Exploring the Definition of an Asset

For individuals, an asset can mean pretty much everything they own — from the cash in their wallet to the car in their garage to necklaces, rings, and earrings in a jewelry box. But usually, when people talk about their personal assets, they’re referring to something worth money.

Broad Categories of Assets

Assets typically include such things as:

•   Cash and cash equivalents, including checking and savings accounts, money market accounts, certificates of deposit (CDs), and U.S. government Treasury bills.

•   Personal property, including cars and boats, art and jewelry, collections, furniture, and things like computers, cameras, phones, and TVs.

•   Real estate, residential or commercial, including land and/or structures on the land.

•   Investments, such as stocks and bonds, annuities, mutual funds and exchange-traded funds (ETFs), and so on.

Those who freelance or own a company also may have business assets that could include a bank account, an inventory of goods to sell, accounts receivable (money they’re owed by their customers), business vehicles, office furniture and machinery, and the building and land where they conduct their business.


💡 Quick Tip: Did you know that opening a brokerage account typically doesn’t come with any setup costs? Often, the only requirement to open a brokerage account — aside from providing personal details — is making an initial deposit.

Delving Into Different Types of Assets

Generally speaking, there are four different types of assets: current or short-term assets, fixed assets, financial investments, and intangible assets.

Current Assets

Current assets are short-term resources with economic value, and are typically referred to in accounting. Current assets are things that can be used or consumed or converted to money within a year. They include things like cash, cash equivalents, inventory, and accounts receivable.

Fixed or Noncurrent Assets

Fixed assets are resources with a longer term, meaning more than a year. This includes property, like buildings and other real estate, and equipment.

Financial Assets

Financial assets refer to securities or assets such as stocks, bonds, certificates of deposit (CDs), and preferred equity.

Intangible Assets

Assets considered intangible are things of value that don’t have a physical presence. This includes intellectual property like patents, licenses, trademarks, and copyrights, and brand value and reputation.

Identifying and Classifying Assets

Assets are things with economic value. They may be owned by you, like a sofa or your computer, or owed to you, like the $50 you loaned a friend. The loan or borrowed money is considered an asset for you since your friend will repay it to you.

Personal vs Business Assets

There are both personal assets and business assets. Personal assets include such things as your home, artwork you might own, your checking account, and your investments. Business assets are things like equipment, cash, and accounts receivable.

Liquid Assets and Their Convertibility

Liquid assets are things of economic value that can be quickly and easily converted to money. Liquid personal assets might include certain stocks, and liquid business assets could include inventory.

Assets in Accounting and Business Operations

In business, assets are resources owned by a business that have economic value. They might refer to the building the business owns, inventory, accounts receivable, office furniture, and computers or other technology.

How Assets Reflect on Financial Statements

Business assets are listed on a company’s financial statements. Ideally, a company’s assets should be balanced between short-term assets and fixed and long-term assets. That indicates that the business has assets it can use right now, such as cash, and those that will be available down the road.

The Distinction Between Assets and Liabilities

Assets are resources an individual or business owns that have economic value. Assets are also things owed to a business or individual, such as payment for inventory. A liability is when a business or individual owes another party. It could include things like money or accounts payable.

Asset Valuation and Depreciation

Asset valuation is a way of determining the value of an asset. There are different methods for determining value, such as the cost method, which bases an asset’s value on its original price. But assets can depreciate over time. That’s when an accounting method known as depreciation is used to allocate the cost of an asset over time.

Real-World Examples of Assets

As noted, assets can run the gamut from the physical to the intangible. What they all have in common is that they have economic value.

Everyday Items That Count as Assets

Many items that you use or deal with in your daily life are considered assets. This includes:

•   Cash

•   Bank accounts

•   Stocks

•   Bonds

•   Money market funds

•   Mutual funds

•   Furniture

•   Jewelry

•   Cars

•   House

•   Certificates of deposit (CDs)

•   Retirement accounts, such as 401(k)s

High-Value Assets in Today’s Market

The larger assets you own tend to be more valuable, such as your house, a vacation home, or rental property. Your investments may also be considered high-value assets, depending on how much they are worth.


💡 Quick Tip: Automated investing can be a smart choice for those who want to invest but may not have the knowledge or time to do so. An automated investing platform can offer portfolio options that may suit your risk tolerance and goals (but investors have little or no say over the individual securities in the portfolio).

The Nuances of Non-Physical and Intangible Assets

Intangible assets, or those that have no physical presence, can be extremely important and quite valuable. So it’s wise to be aware of what they are.

Understanding Goodwill, Copyrights, and Patents

Intangible assets are such things as copyrights (on a book or piece of music, for instance) and patents (for an invention). A copyright protects the owner who produced it, and a patent protects the patent owner/inventor. What this means is that another party cannot legally use their work or invention without their permission.

Goodwill is another intangible asset, and it’s associated with the purchase of one company by another company. It is the portion of the purchase price that’s higher than the sum of the net fair value of all of the company’s assets bought and liabilities assumed.

For example, such things as brand value, reputation, and a company’s customer base are considered goodwill. These intangibles could be highly valued and the reason why a purchasing company might pay more for the company they are buying.

The Role of Digital Assets in the Modern Economy

Digital assets refer to such things as data, photos, videos, music, manuscripts, cryptocurrency, and more. Digital assets create value for the person or company that owns them.

Digital assets are becoming increasingly important as individuals, businesses, and governments use them more and more. With more of our every day resources online, and with data stored digitally, these types of assets are likely to be considered quite valuable.

Labor and Human Capital: Are Skills and Expertise Assets?

Labor is not considered an asset. Instead, it is work carried out by people that they are paid for.

Human capital refers to the value of an employee’s skills, experience, and expertise. These things are considered intangible assets. However, a company cannot list human capital on its balance sheet.

Navigating Asset Management

As an investor, you’re also likely to hear about the importance of “asset allocation” or “asset management” for your portfolio. Asset allocation is simply putting money to work in the best possible places to reach financial goals.

The idea is that by spreading money over different types of investments — stocks, bonds, cash, real estate, commodities, etc. — an investor can limit volatility and attempt to maximize the benefits of each asset class.

For example, stocks tend to offer the best opportunity for long-term growth, but can expose an investor to more risk. Bonds tend to have less risk and can provide an income stream, but their value can be affected by rising interest rates. Cash can be useful for emergencies and short-term goals, but it isn’t going to offer much growth, and it won’t necessarily keep up with inflation over the long term.

When it comes to volatility, each asset class may react differently to a piece of economic news or a national or global event, so by combining multiple assets in one portfolio, an investor may be able to help mitigate the risk overall.

Alternative investments such as real property, precious metals, and private equity ventures are examples of assets some investors also may choose to use to counter the price movements of a traditional investment portfolio.

An investor’s asset allocation typically has some mix of stocks, bonds, and cash — but the percentages of each can vary based on a person’s age, the goals for those investments, and/or a person’s tolerance for risk.

If for example, someone is saving for a wedding or another shorter-term financial goal, they may want to keep a percentage of that money in a safe, easy-to-access account, such as a high-yield online deposit account. An account like this would allow that money to grow with a competitive interest rate while it’s protected from the market’s unpredictable movements.

But for a longer-term goal, like saving for retirement, some might invest a percentage of money in the market and risk some volatility with stocks, mutual funds, and/or ETFs. This way the money may potentially grow over the long-term, and there may likely be time to recover from market fluctuations. As retirement nears, some people may wish to slowly shift their investments to an allocation that carries less risk.

The Role of Automated Asset Management Solutions

Businesses may want to consider using automated asset management systems to track and collect data on their assets. This may be easier than manually tracking assets, which could become complicated and overwhelming. There are a number of different software programs available that could help businesses with this.

Individual investors might want to think about automated investing programs to help manage their financial portfolio. These platforms may help those who want to invest for the long-term but don’t have the time or expertise to do it themselves.

However, It’s important to do your homework and consider the risks involved since automated platforms are not fully customized to each individual’s specific needs. You also need to be comfortable with the types of investments they may offer, such as ETFs, and make sure you understand the risks and possible costs involved.

Unpacking Asset Classifications Further

The assets you accumulate will likely change over time, as will your needs and your goals. So, it’s important to know the purpose of each asset you own — as well as which ones are working for you and which ones aren’t. Here are some questions you can ask yourself as you mindfully manage your assets:

1.    Are you getting the maximum return on your investment, whether it’s a savings account or an investment in the market?

2.    How does the asset make money (dividends, interest, appreciation)? What must happen for the investment to increase in value?

3.    How does the asset match up with your personal and financial goals?

4.    Is the asset short-term or long-term?

5.    How liquid is the investment? How hard would it be to sell if you needed money right away?

6.    What are the risks associated with the investment? What is the most you could lose? Can you handle the risk financially and emotionally?

If you aren’t sure of the answers to these questions, you may wish to get some help from a financial advisor who, among other things, can work with you to set priorities, suggest strategies for investing, assist you in coming up with the right asset allocation to suit your needs, and draw up a coordinated and comprehensive financial plan.

Short-term vs Long-term Assets

As a quick recap, short-term assets are those held for less than one year. They are also known as current assets. These assets are typically meant to be converted into cash within a year and are considered liquid. For individual investors they can include such things as money market accounts and CDs.

Long-term assets are those held for more than one year. Long-term assets can be such things as stock and bonds, as well as fixed assets such as property and real estate. Long-term assets also include intellectual property such as copyrights and patents. Long-term assets are not as liquid as short-term assets.

The Importance of Asset Liquidity

Liquid assets can be accessed quickly and converted to cash without losing much of their value. Cash is the ultimate liquid asset, but there are plenty of other examples.

If you can expect to find a number of interested buyers who will pay a fair price, and you can make the sale with some speed, your asset is probably liquid. Stock from a blue-chip company is generally an asset with liquidity. So, typically, is a high-quality mutual fund.

Some assets are non-liquid or illiquid. These assets have value, but they may not be as easy to convert into cash when it’s needed. Your car or home might be your biggest asset, for example, depending on how much of it you actually own. But It might take a while to get a fair price if you sold it — and you’ll likely need to replace it eventually.

While some investments have long-term objectives — including saving for a secure retirement — liquidity can be an important factor to consider when evaluating which assets belong in a portfolio.

Many unexpected events come with big price tags, so it can help to have some cash or cash equivalents on hand in case an urgent need comes up. General recommendations suggest having three to six months’ worth of living expenses stashed away in an emergency fund — using an account that’s available whenever you need it.

Some might also consider keeping a portion of money in investments that are reasonably liquid, such as stocks, bonds, mutual funds and exchange-traded funds (ETFs). This way, ideally, the assets can be liquidated in a relatively quick timeframe if they are needed. (Although, of course, there’s never any guarantee.)

Choosing that original asset allocation is important — but maintenance and portfolio rebalancing is also key over time. As people attain some of their short- or mid-range goals (paying for that wedding, for instance, or getting the down payment on a house) they may wish to consider where the money will go next, and what kind of account it should be in.

As life changes, it is possible that the original balance of stocks vs. bonds vs. other investments is no longer appropriate for a person’s current and future needs. As a result, they may want to become more aggressive or more conservative, depending on the situation.

Rebalancing also may become necessary if the success — or failure — of a particular asset group alters a portfolio’s target allocation.

If, for example, after a big market rally or long bull run (both of which we’ve experienced in recent years) a 60% allocation to stocks becomes something closer to 75%, it may be time to sell some stock and get back to that original 60%. This way, an investor can protect some of the profits while buying other assets when they are down in price.

You can do your rebalancing manually or automatically. Some investors check in on their portfolio regularly (monthly, quarterly or annually) and adjust it if necessary. Others rebalance when a set allocation shifts noticeably.

Ready to invest in your goals? It’s easy to get started when you open an investment account with SoFi Invest. You can invest in stocks, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), mutual funds, alternative funds, and more. SoFi doesn’t charge commissions, but other fees apply (full fee disclosure here).


Invest with as little as $5 with a SoFi Active Investing account.


Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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SoFi Invest encompasses two distinct companies, with various products and services offered to investors as described below: Individual customer accounts may be subject to the terms applicable to one or more of these platforms.
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