Dec
11
2024
8 Year-End Tax Moves to Make in 2022

8 Year-End Tax Moves to Make in 2025

By | Budgeting & Goals, money | Comments Off on 8 Year-End Tax Moves to Make in 2025

It’s time to file your taxes again. But before you do, it’s a good idea to consider whether there are any last-minute tax moves you can make to lower your tax liability and/or simplify the tax filing process.

Read on to learn some tax tips before April 15th arrives.

Key Points

•   Stay updated with changes in the tax code, such as shifts in tax brackets and increases in the standard deduction.

•   Review potential itemized deductions, including medical expenses, charitable donations, and home mortgage interest.

•   Check the contribution limits for retirement accounts like IRAs and 401(k)s to maximize tax benefits.

•   Consider using tax-loss harvesting to offset gains by selling securities at a loss.

•   Look into tax-efficient investing for non-retirement savings you won’t need to touch for a while.

Why End-of-Year Tax Prep Is Important

The end of the year and start of the new year can be an ideal time to get your affairs in order for the upcoming tax season, especially when it comes to reducing your tax burden. One way to do that is through what’s known as tax-loss harvesting (you’ll learn more details below).

This and other financial moves can be complicated and may require additional preparation or the assistance of a tax preparer or financial planner, which is why an early start can be important.

It’s also a key moment to make sure that you have all the information you need to file properly. If you are missing tax forms, now’s the time to work on getting them before you get too close to the April 15th filing deadline.

💡 Quick Tip: Tired of paying pointless bank fees? When you open a bank account online you often avoid excess charges.

Smart Tax Prep Moves to Make

Ready to learn the details? Here are eight moves to make by the end of the year that could save you time and money when Tax Day rolls around.

1. Look at Tax Code Changes

The Internal Revenue Service’s tax code can and does change regularly. Tax brackets can shift (say, in response to inflation’s impact). In addition, the standard deduction often rises, which can help lower your taxable income. For example, for tax year 2024 (filing in April 2025), the standard deduction for married couples filing jointly is $29,200; in tax year 2025, it goes up to $30,000. For single filers, the standard deduction is $14,600 for tax year 2024 and $15,000 for tax year 2025.

2. Grab All Available Itemized Deductions

It’s also a great time to review what itemized deductions you may have. Beyond state and local packages, you’ll also want to consider any medical expenses, charitable donations, home mortgage interest, or any losses you may have incurred as the result of a natural disaster or theft.

Keep in mind you can still make charitable donations, schedule doctor’s visits, and pay for certain expenses before the end of the year to potentially offset your taxes.

💡 Quick Tip: Tired of paying pointless bank fees? When you open a bank account online you often avoid excess charges.

3. Review Your Contribution Limits

Some of the contributions you can make include putting money in your (health savings account (HSA)), 529 college savings account, and your Individual Retirement Account (IRA). For HSAs and IRAs you generally have until April 15 to make these contributions.

Contributions to a traditional IRA or HSA often can reduce your taxable income, as long as you are eligible to contribute and to take a deduction. While contributions to a Roth IRA can help you save on taxes in the future, they won’t reduce your current tax liability.

Here are contribution limits for tax year 2024 as well as what to expect for 2025:

•   IRAs: The annual contribution limit for a traditional and Roth IRA is $7,000 for both 2024 and 2025. Those 50 and older can contribute an additional $1,000 per individual, for a total of $8,000 per year.

•   HSAs: In 2024, you can contribute up to $4,150 if you are covered by a high-deductible health plan (HDHP) just for yourself, or $8,300 if you have coverage for your family. In 2025, you can contribute up to $4,300 if you are covered by a HDHP for yourself, or $8,550 if you have family coverage. Those age 55 and older can contribute an additional $1,000.

•   529s: Individual states sponsor 529 plans and set varying total account maximums. You’ll also want to keep in mind that the IRS counts contributions to 529 plans as gifts. Individuals can gift up to $18,000 to a 529 plan in 2024 ($19,000 in 2025) without those funds counting against the lifetime gift tax exemption amount.

4. Consider Tax-Loss Harvesting

Tax-loss harvesting can be a tool to offset losses in non-retirement accounts. Simply put, tax-loss harvesting allows you to use realized losses to offset any gains. So, if you have investments that are below cost basis, you may want to discuss your situation with your financial planner or tax advisor to see if tax-loss harvesting is a good option.

Recommended: Tax Season Help Center 2025

5. Review Your Savings

Were you able to save some money over the last year but haven’t invested it yet? If it’s just sitting in your savings account, now may be the time to consider some tax-efficient investing.

When deploying a tax-efficient investment strategy, it’s crucial to know how an investment is going to be taxed. Ideally, you’d want more tax-efficient investments in a taxable account.

Conversely, you may want to hold investments that can have a greater tax impact in tax-deferred and tax-exempt accounts, where investments can grow tax-free.

Next, it is helpful to know that some investment types are inherently more tax-efficient than others. That insight can aid you in making the best investment choices for the type of investment account that you have. For example, ETFs’ tax efficiency is considered superior to that of mutual funds because they don’t trigger as many taxable events. Investors can trade ETFs shares directly, while mutual fund trades require the fund sponsor to act as a middle man, activating a tax liability.

6. Consider a Roth Conversion

You might have a traditional IRA and wonder if you should convert it into a Roth IRA instead for tax purposes. Deciding to convert a traditional IRA to a Roth IRA comes down to a few factors, all of which are personal to each individual investor. This may make it important to weigh the pros and cons carefully. You may want to discuss this kind of year-end tax move with a financial advisor before making a decision.

An IRA rollover can happen a few ways:

•   Via an indirect rollover, where the owner of the account receives a distribution from a traditional IRA and can then contribute it to a Roth IRA within 60 days.

•   Via a trustee-to-trustee, or direct rollover, where an account owner tells the financial institution currently holding the traditional IRA assets to transfer an amount directly to the trustee of a new Roth IRA account at a different financial institution.

•   Via a same trustee transfer, used when a traditional IRA is housed in the same financial institution of the new Roth IRA. The owner of the account alerts the institution to transfer an amount from the traditional IRA to the Roth IRA.

7. Perform a Financial Checkup

It’s common for life circumstances to change from one year to the next. Maybe you got a new job, had a baby, or bought a new home.

If you’ve experienced changes in your life, consider taking some time now to reevaluate your financial goals, as well as your estate planning. For example, owning a home and being responsible for a mortgage can impact your discretionary spending. Similarly, if you recently became a parent or pet owner, you may think about adjusting your finances to prepare for the added expenses.

💡 Quick Tip: Most savings accounts only earn a fraction of a percentage in interest. Not at SoFi. Our high-yield savings account can help you make meaningful progress towards your financial goals.

8. Top up Your 401(k)

The more you contribute to your 401(k) account, generally the lower your taxable income is in that year. So if you haven’t yet reached your maximum contribution, now may be the perfect time to do so. Here’s some food for thought:

•   If you contribute 15% of your income to your 401(k), for instance, you’ll only owe taxes on 85% of income.

•   Say your annual income is $50,000. If you contribute 15% of your salary annually, $7,500 will be deposited into your 401(k) account, and you will be taxed on $42,500. That could save you thousands on your taxes.

To max out a 401(k) for tax year 2024, an employee would need to contribute $23,000 in salary deferrals; $30,500 if they’re over age 50. In 2025, the max for employee salary deferrals is $23,500; those over age 50 can contribute up to $31,000. Note: In 2025, those aged 60 to 63 may contribute up to $34,750, thanks to SECURE 2.0.

Some investors might think about maxing out their 401(k) as a way of getting the most out of this retirement savings option. Others may want to put the money elsewhere. Again, talking with a financial professional can help you weigh the implications of these end-of-year money moves.

The Takeaway

The end of the year and then the start of tax season are ideal times to get ready to file your return by April 15th. Specifically, it may be in your best interests to find ways to mitigate your tax bill. You might rethink your retirement savings vehicles or try tax-loss harvesting (selling securities at a loss in order to reduce your tax bill), for instance.

As you are thinking about your finances, you might also take a minute to look at your banking partner and make sure it’s a good fit for your finances.

Interested in opening an online bank account? When you sign up for a SoFi Checking and Savings account with direct deposit, you’ll get a competitive annual percentage yield (APY), pay zero account fees, and enjoy an array of rewards, such as access to the Allpoint Network of 55,000+ fee-free ATMs globally. Qualifying accounts can even access their paycheck up to two days early.


Better banking is here with SoFi, NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Checking Account Overall.* Enjoy up to 4.00% APY on SoFi Checking and Savings.

Photo credit: iStock/Passakorn Prothien

SoFi® Checking and Savings is offered through SoFi Bank, N.A. ©2024 SoFi Bank, N.A. All rights reserved. Member FDIC. Equal Housing Lender.
The SoFi Bank Debit Mastercard® is issued by SoFi Bank, N.A., pursuant to license by Mastercard International Incorporated and can be used everywhere Mastercard is accepted. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated.

SoFi members with direct deposit activity can earn 4.00% annual percentage yield (APY) on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Direct Deposit means a recurring deposit of regular income to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government benefit payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Deposits that are not from an employer or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, or are non-recurring in nature (e.g., IRS tax refunds), do not constitute Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate. SoFi members with direct deposit are eligible for other SoFi Plus benefits.

As an alternative to direct deposit, SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits can earn 4.00% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Qualifying Deposits means one or more deposits that, in the aggregate, are equal to or greater than $5,000 to an account holder’s SoFi Checking and Savings account (“Qualifying Deposits”) during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Qualifying Deposits only include those deposits from the following eligible sources: (i) ACH transfers, (ii) inbound wire transfers, (iii) peer-to-peer transfers (i.e., external transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc. and internal peer-to-peer transfers from a SoFi account belonging to another account holder), (iv) check deposits, (v) instant funding to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, (vi) push payments to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, and (vii) cash deposits. Qualifying Deposits do not include: (i) transfers between an account holder’s Checking account, Savings account, and/or Vaults; (ii) interest payments; (iii) bonuses issued by SoFi Bank or its affiliates; or (iv) credits, reversals, and refunds from SoFi Bank, N.A. (“SoFi Bank”) or from a merchant. SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits are not eligible for other SoFi Plus benefits.

SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder’s Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits throughout each 30-Day Evaluation Period to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility. The 30-Day Evaluation Period refers to the “Start Date” and “End Date” set forth on the APY Details page of your account, which comprises a period of 30 calendar days (the “30-Day Evaluation Period”). You can access the APY Details page at any time by logging into your SoFi account on the SoFi mobile app or SoFi website and selecting either (i) Banking > Savings > Current APY or (ii) Banking > Checking > Current APY. Upon receiving a Direct Deposit or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits to your account, you will begin earning 4.00% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% on checking balances on or before the following calendar day. You will continue to earn these APYs for (i) the remainder of the current 30-Day Evaluation Period and through the end of the subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period and (ii) any following 30-day Evaluation Periods during which SoFi Bank determines you to have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits without interruption.

SoFi Bank reserves the right to grant a grace period to account holders following a change in Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits activity before adjusting rates. If SoFi Bank grants you a grace period, the dates for such grace period will be reflected on the APY Details page of your account. If SoFi Bank determines that you did not have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits during the current 30-day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, then you will begin earning the rates earned by account holders without either Direct Deposit or Qualifying Deposits until you have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits in a subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period. For the avoidance of doubt, an account holder with both Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits will earn the rates earned by account holders with Direct Deposit.

Members without either Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits, as determined by SoFi Bank, during a 30-Day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, will earn 1.20% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances.

Interest rates are variable and subject to change at any time. These rates are current as of 12/3/24. There is no minimum balance requirement. Additional information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.

*Awards or rankings from NerdWallet are not indicative of future success or results. This award and its ratings are independently determined and awarded by their respective publications.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

We do not charge any account, service or maintenance fees for SoFi Checking and Savings. We do charge a transaction fee to process each outgoing wire transfer. SoFi does not charge a fee for incoming wire transfers, however the sending bank may charge a fee. Our fee policy is subject to change at any time. See the SoFi Checking & Savings Fee Sheet for details at sofi.com/legal/banking-fees/.
Tax Information: This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or tax advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or tax advice.

SOBNK-Q424-089

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Dec
11
2024
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Cash and Cash Equivalents, Explained

By | Budgeting & Goals, Growing Wealth, Investing, mortgage | No Comments

For many people, cash and cash equivalents are highly liquid assets that can help offset risk in a financial plan or investing portfolio. Cash equivalents are low-risk, low-yield investments that can be converted to cash quickly and are thus considered relatively stable in value.

For companies, though, cash and cash equivalents (CCE) refers to an accounting term. Cash and cash equivalents are listed at the top of a company’s balance sheet because they’re the most liquid of a company’s short-term assets. A company’s cash on hand can be considered one measure of its overall health.

It’s important for people to understand the role of cash and cash equivalents in their own asset allocation.

Key Points

•   Cash and cash equivalents are highly liquid assets that provide stability in financial plans or portfolios.

•   Cash refers to funds available for immediate use, while cash equivalents are short-term investments convertible to cash quickly.

•   Cash equivalents include low-risk investments like CDs, money market accounts, and U.S. Treasuries.

•   The primary difference between cash and cash equivalents is the specified maturity of cash equivalents.

•   Cash and cash equivalents are crucial for offsetting risk and maintaining liquidity in investment portfolios.

What Are Cash and Cash Equivalents?

People keep their money in a variety of accounts and investments. For example, you might keep cash on deposit at a financial institution in a checking account, savings account, or certificate of deposit (CD).

Investments, on the other hand, may include stocks, bonds, mutual funds, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), real estate holdings, and more. Many investments fluctuate in value, and some investments can be quite volatile.

For that reason, people also tend to keep a portion of their portfolio in cash or cash equivalents, because while cash doesn’t typically grow in value, it also typically doesn’t fluctuate or lose value (although periods of inflation can take a bite out of the purchasing power of cash).

Cash refers to the funds in any account that are available for immediate use. Cash equivalents are short-term investment vehicles that can be converted to cash very quickly, or even immediately.

Difference Between Cash and Cash Equivalents

The primary difference between cash and cash equivalents is that cash equivalents are investment vehicles with a specified maturity. These can include certificates of deposit (CDs), money market accounts, U.S. Treasuries, and other low-risk, low-return investments.

If you’re considering opening a checking account, you wouldn’t be thinking about cash equivalents, but rather getting the best terms for the cash in your account. If you’re looking for added stability in an investment portfolio, you may want to consider cash equivalents.

How Do Cash Equivalents Work?

As noted above, the idea behind a cash equivalent is that it can be converted to cash swiftly. So the maturity for cash equivalents is generally 90 days (3 months) or less, whereas short-term investments mature in up to 12 months.

Cash equivalents have a known dollar amount because the prices of cash equivalents are usually stable, and they should be easy to sell in the market.

Types of Cash Equivalents

There are a number of cash equivalents investors can consider. Some offer higher or lower potential returns, and a wide variety of terms.

Certificates of Deposit (CDs)

Investing in a certificate of deposit, or CD is like a savings account, but with more restrictions and potentially a higher yield. With most CDs, you agree to let a bank keep your money for a specified amount of time, from a few months to a few years. In exchange, the bank agrees to pay you a guaranteed rate of interest when the CD matures.

If you withdraw the money before the maturity date, you’ll typically owe a penalty.

The longer the term of the CD, the more interest it typically pays, but it’s important to do your research and find the best terms.

CDs are similar to savings accounts in that you can deposit your money for a long period of time, these accounts are federally insured, so they’re considered safe. But you can’t add or withdraw money, generally speaking, until the CD matures.

There are a few different kinds of CDs that offer different features. Some bank CDs have variable rates that allow you to change the rate once during the term. There are also brokerage CDs, which are marketed as securities and sometimes sold by banks to investment companies.

Owing to their lower-risk profile and modest but steady returns, allocating part of your portfolio to CDs can offer diversification that may help mitigate your risk exposure in other areas.

Note that a CD that does not permit withdrawals, even with the payment of a penalty, can be considered an unbreakable CD. As such, it wouldn’t be considered a cash equivalent because it cannot readily be converted to cash.

US Treasury Bills

U.S. Treasury Securities are another type of conservative investment. They’re a type of bond or debt instrument, and they’re backed by the U.S. government.

Treasury bonds (T-bonds) usually mature in 20 or 30 years, but treasury bills or T-bills can be purchased with terms that range anywhere from a couple of days to a few weeks to a year.

Because Treasuries are popular, the market is active and they’re easy to sell if necessary. Still, Treasuries are affected by other types of risk, including inflation and changing interest rates.

While investors can expect to receive interest and principal payments as promised at maturity, if they attempt to sell the bond prior to maturity, they may receive more or less than the principal depending on current market conditions.

Other Government Bonds

Other government entities, including states and municipalities, may offer short-term bonds that could be considered cash equivalents. But investors must evaluate the creditworthiness of the entity offering the bond.

Money Market Funds

Don’t confuse money market funds and money market accounts. Money market funds invest your money, then pay a portion of the earnings to you in the form of dividends.

Because the funds’ short-term investments generally mature in less than 13 months, they’re generally considered very low risk. But unlike a savings or money market deposit account, they’re not federally insured. That means there’s no guarantee you’ll make back your investment, and it’s possible to lose money in a volatile market.

Savings and Money Market Accounts

A savings account has long been an essential money management tool. When you deposit your money in an FDIC-insured savings account, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) insures it up to the maximum amount allowed by law, so you can be sure your money is secure. Another bonus: You can make regular deposits and withdrawals (within federal limits) without committing to a term length or worrying about withdrawal penalties.

But a standard savings account could be a lower priority when you compare the interest rate offered to those of other bank products and cash equivalents. A high-yield savings account at an online bank or a money market account could also be FDIC-insured, so it’s safe, and pays more interest. However, in some cases, if your balance drops below a specified minimum, you might end up paying a monthly fee.

Get up to $300 when you bank with SoFi.

No account or overdraft fees. No minimum balance.

Up to 4.00% APY on savings balances.

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FDIC insurance.


Commercial Paper

Commercial paper refers to short-term debt issued by a corporation. These bonds carry different terms, maturity dates, and yields. Some can be considered cash equivalents.

Cash and Cash Equivalents vs Short-Term Investments

Investors might also consider including some short-term investments in their asset allocation as well, as these investments can offer higher returns vs. cash equivalents. The goal of short-term investments is to generate some return on capital, without incurring too much risk.

Short-term investments are also sometimes called marketable securities or temporary investments. Some include longer-term versions of the cash equivalents listed above (e.g. CDs, money market funds, U.S. Treasuries), and are meant to be redeemed within five years, but often less.

The Takeaway

Cash and cash equivalents perform an important role in many investors’ portfolios. These assets are considered highly liquid and less likely to fluctuate in value, especially when compared with equities and other securities that offer more growth potential, but more exposure to risk.

If you’re looking for ways to add to your cash holdings, it can also be wise to review your current banking partner.

Interested in opening an online bank account? When you sign up for a SoFi Checking and Savings account with direct deposit, you’ll get a competitive annual percentage yield (APY), pay zero account fees, and enjoy an array of rewards, such as access to the Allpoint Network of 55,000+ fee-free ATMs globally. Qualifying accounts can even access their paycheck up to two days early.

Better banking is here with SoFi, NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Checking Account Overall.* Enjoy up to 4.00% APY on SoFi Checking and Savings.

FAQ

What is a cash and cash equivalent example?

Cash equivalents are low-risk, low-yield investments that can be converted to cash quickly and are thus considered relatively stable in value. They can include bank accounts and some securities, such as short-term government bonds.

What asset class are Treasuries?

Treasury bonds (T-bonds) are one of four types of debt that are issued by the U.S. Department of the Treasury. These bonds are used to finance the U.S. government’s spending activities. The four types of debt are classified as Treasury bills, Treasury notes, Treasury bonds, and Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities (TIPS).

How do you determine cash and cash equivalents?

To determine cash and cash equivalents, add up cash balances and short-term investments.

SoFi® Checking and Savings is offered through SoFi Bank, N.A. ©2024 SoFi Bank, N.A. All rights reserved. Member FDIC. Equal Housing Lender.
The SoFi Bank Debit Mastercard® is issued by SoFi Bank, N.A., pursuant to license by Mastercard International Incorporated and can be used everywhere Mastercard is accepted. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated.

SoFi members with direct deposit activity can earn 4.00% annual percentage yield (APY) on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Direct Deposit means a recurring deposit of regular income to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government benefit payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Deposits that are not from an employer or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, or are non-recurring in nature (e.g., IRS tax refunds), do not constitute Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate. SoFi members with direct deposit are eligible for other SoFi Plus benefits.

As an alternative to direct deposit, SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits can earn 4.00% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Qualifying Deposits means one or more deposits that, in the aggregate, are equal to or greater than $5,000 to an account holder’s SoFi Checking and Savings account (“Qualifying Deposits”) during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Qualifying Deposits only include those deposits from the following eligible sources: (i) ACH transfers, (ii) inbound wire transfers, (iii) peer-to-peer transfers (i.e., external transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc. and internal peer-to-peer transfers from a SoFi account belonging to another account holder), (iv) check deposits, (v) instant funding to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, (vi) push payments to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, and (vii) cash deposits. Qualifying Deposits do not include: (i) transfers between an account holder’s Checking account, Savings account, and/or Vaults; (ii) interest payments; (iii) bonuses issued by SoFi Bank or its affiliates; or (iv) credits, reversals, and refunds from SoFi Bank, N.A. (“SoFi Bank”) or from a merchant. SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits are not eligible for other SoFi Plus benefits.

SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder’s Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits throughout each 30-Day Evaluation Period to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility. The 30-Day Evaluation Period refers to the “Start Date” and “End Date” set forth on the APY Details page of your account, which comprises a period of 30 calendar days (the “30-Day Evaluation Period”). You can access the APY Details page at any time by logging into your SoFi account on the SoFi mobile app or SoFi website and selecting either (i) Banking > Savings > Current APY or (ii) Banking > Checking > Current APY. Upon receiving a Direct Deposit or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits to your account, you will begin earning 4.00% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% on checking balances on or before the following calendar day. You will continue to earn these APYs for (i) the remainder of the current 30-Day Evaluation Period and through the end of the subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period and (ii) any following 30-day Evaluation Periods during which SoFi Bank determines you to have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits without interruption.

SoFi Bank reserves the right to grant a grace period to account holders following a change in Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits activity before adjusting rates. If SoFi Bank grants you a grace period, the dates for such grace period will be reflected on the APY Details page of your account. If SoFi Bank determines that you did not have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits during the current 30-day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, then you will begin earning the rates earned by account holders without either Direct Deposit or Qualifying Deposits until you have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits in a subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period. For the avoidance of doubt, an account holder with both Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits will earn the rates earned by account holders with Direct Deposit.

Members without either Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits, as determined by SoFi Bank, during a 30-Day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, will earn 1.20% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances.

Interest rates are variable and subject to change at any time. These rates are current as of 12/3/24. There is no minimum balance requirement. Additional information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.

*Awards or rankings from NerdWallet are not indicative of future success or results. This award and its ratings are independently determined and awarded by their respective publications.

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Neither the Investment Advisor Representatives of SoFi Wealth, nor the Registered Representatives of SoFi Securities are compensated for the sale of any product or service sold through any SoFi Invest platform.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

This content is provided for informational and educational purposes only and should not be construed as financial advice.

Third Party Trademarks: Certified Financial Planner Board of Standards Inc. (CFP Board) owns the certification marks CFP®, CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER®, CFP® (with plaque design), and CFP® (with flame design) in the U.S., which it awards to individuals who successfully complete CFP Board's initial and ongoing certification requirements.

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10
2024

Swing Trading: What It Is and How It Works

By | Growing Wealth, invest, Investing | Comments Off on Swing Trading: What It Is and How It Works

Swing trading is a form of investing in the stock market where investors look to maximize short-term gains by using technical analysis to identify a stock’s short or medium-term direction. Swing trading shares some similarities to day trading, but there are key differences as well.

Swing traders may also sometimes incorporate fundamental analysis of the stock itself as part of their trading strategy. And swing traders will usually hold their positions longer than day traders, who usually look to liquidate their positions within the same trading day. It is common in swing trading to hold positions for a few days to a few weeks.

Key Points

•   Swing trading uses technical and fundamental analysis for short-term stock movements.

•   Positions tend to last several days to weeks, unlike day trading.

•   While longer holding periods may offer the potential to see higher returns over time, they could also leave the door open for stocks to move in an adverse direction.

•   It also may involve overnight market risks due to longer holding periods.

•   Swing trading also involves less time commitment than day trading, but like day trading, still involves market volatility.

What Is Swing Trading?

Swing trading is a way to invest in the stock market using both technical analysis as well as fundamental analysis of individual stocks. A swing trader will look both at how a stock’s price has moved recently as well as the underlying business of the company whose stock it is. Using both, a swing trader will determine what stock to trade, and when.

Swing trading may involve holding a position for several days to weeks. Unlike day trading, where an investor usually looks to buy and sell multiple times within one trading day, swing traders have a slightly longer time horizon.

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How Swing Trading Works

If you’re looking to start swing trading, you’ll want to first do some fundamental analysis of different companies, and find one where you have a bullish (or bearish) outlook. You might look at stochastic indicators, moving averages, or just wait for a down day in the market for a buy signal.

Example of Swing Trading

Here’s one look at an example of swing trading.

Suppose that a stock with ticker symbol XYZ has regularly oscillated in price between 40 and 50 over the course of the past few months. If you are generally bullish on XYZ, when the price drops back down to 40, that might be an indicator to buy. Then you can put a stop loss order near the resistance level of 50.

Benefits and Risks of Swing Trading

As with any trading or investment strategy, there are benefits and risks.

Benefits

•   Incorporates both technical and fundamental analysis in determining your investing.
Less of a daily time commitment may be required to monitor stock movements and trade as compared to

•   day trading.

•   Potential for higher returns on any given trade.

Risks

•   Compared to day trading, holding a trade for a longer period of time exposes you to overnight market risk

•   Actively trading stocks can subject you to volatile swings in the market

•   When focusing on short-term swings, you may miss out on larger market trends

Swing Trading Comparisons

Swing trading is also similar – but different – from different types of trading, such as day trading, scalping, and trend trading.

Day Trading vs Swing Trading

Day trading and swing trading share many similarities, but there are some key differences that you’ll want to be aware of. Both day trading and swing trading look for commodities that have high liquidity and high volatility.

The main difference between day trading and swing trading is the length of time that you hold any one investment. Day traders usually look to close their positions before the end of a trading day, while swing traders might hold positions for several days or weeks.

Scalping vs Swing Trading

One particular day trading strategy is scalp trading. In scalp trading, traders look to make many small trades throughout the day.

With each trade, the trader would look at the risk to reward ratio with the goal of being profitable on at least 50% of trades. Again, there are a lot of similarities between swing trading and scalping, but one big difference is that swing traders usually hold on to their position for several days or weeks.

Trend Trading vs Swing Trading

Trend trading is another way to invest in the stock market – you can review stock market basics to get a better idea of how the two may differ. But for now, trend traders look for overarching market trends, and tend to have a longer-term focus than swing traders. A good rule of thumb is that trend traders trade less often and hold their positions longer, while swing traders trade more frequently and hold their positions for a shorter period of time.

Swing Trading Tactics

If you’re interested in swing trading, there are several different swing trading strategies you can take advantage of. One popular way to swing trade is by trading stocks within the channel between a stock’s support price and resistance price, based on its historical movement. You can also use the MACD (Moving Average Convergence / Divergence) indicator as another way to find opportunities for swing trading.

The Takeaway

Swing trading is similar to day trading, in that you trade stocks based on technical indicators and hold your investments for a short period of time. Unlike day trading, swing traders will often hold their investments for longer than a day, and many swing traders will also use fundamental analysis in addition to looking at a stock’s chart information.

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FAQ

Is swing trading good for beginners?

Swing trading is considered more of an advanced concept, so beginners may want to take caution before trying swing trading. One option to consider would be doing “paper trading.” This is where you make simulated trades on paper without risking actual money. This may give you an idea of the risks, rewards, and volatility of swing trading.

Can you get rich swing trading?

It’s possible to get rich through swing trading, but the odds are against you. If you have the skill to identify good trading opportunities, the capital to back it up, and the stomach to handle volatile swings up and down, you can potentially make money with swing trading. If that combination doesn’t sound like you, you might want to consider other forms of investing.

How are swing traders taxed?

Unless you hold your investments for longer than one year, swing trading is taxed as ordinary income. So any net income from swing trading is taxed depending on your ordinary income tax rate, which goes from 10% to as high as 37%. You’ll want to make sure that you account for the taxes you’ll need to pay when you’re deciding if swing trading is right for you.

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INVESTMENTS ARE NOT FDIC INSURED • ARE NOT BANK GUARANTEED • MAY LOSE VALUE

SoFi Invest encompasses two distinct companies, with various products and services offered to investors as described below: Individual customer accounts may be subject to the terms applicable to one or more of these platforms.
1) Automated Investing and advisory services are provided by SoFi Wealth LLC, an SEC-registered investment adviser (“SoFi Wealth“). Brokerage services are provided to SoFi Wealth LLC by SoFi Securities LLC.
2) Active Investing and brokerage services are provided by SoFi Securities LLC, Member FINRA (www.finra.org)/SIPC(www.sipc.org). Clearing and custody of all securities are provided by APEX Clearing Corporation.
For additional disclosures related to the SoFi Invest platforms described above please visit SoFi.com/legal.
Neither the Investment Advisor Representatives of SoFi Wealth, nor the Registered Representatives of SoFi Securities are compensated for the sale of any product or service sold through any SoFi Invest platform.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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What Does DD Mean in Stocks?

By | Growing Wealth, invest, Investing, Terminology | Comments Off on What Does DD Mean in Stocks?

DD is a term in stock investing that stands for “due diligence.” It’s the process of researching and evaluating stocks before deciding to buy or sell. Due diligence gives investors a comprehensive understanding of a stock so they can make an informed decision about a trade. Although due diligence is not required, it is highly recommended.

Key Points

•   “DD” means “due diligence,” which is to conduct thorough research on a company’s fundamentals, including market cap, revenue, profit, and industry position, to make informed investment decisions.

•   Due diligence means to analyze financial statements to understand a company’s financial health, profitability, and stability, identifying potential risks and opportunities.

•   Due diligence includes following company news to stay updated on developments, management decisions, and industry trends, aiding in risk assessment and decision-making.

•   Investors conducting due diligence may use analyst reports for insights into complex financial data and market trends, enhancing understanding and investment decisions.

•   It can also include evaluating management and ownership to assess leadership stability and commitment, crucial for long-term investment success.

DD Stock Meaning

Due diligence includes looking at a company’s financial records, comparing it to competitors, considering broader market conditions, and may include factoring in ESG metrics and more. Both quantitative and qualitative analysis is used to evaluate stocks.

Most of the information used for due diligence can be found on company websites, quarterly and annual reports, financial statements, and even on stock brokerage sites and trading apps.

To “DD” a stock means to do research and analysis on the company’s fundamentals before deciding whether to buy stocks. Due diligence can be carried out by individuals, companies, and institutional investors. If an investor buys a stock without doing any research into it, they put themselves at much greater risk of losses.

The process of due diligence has been around for ages, but the term DD has become particularly popular since the rise of meme stocks and trading lingo conceived in forums like the WallStreetBets subreddit.

Even if someone on social media or a professional trader is hyping up a stock and showing their huge profits, that doesn’t mean it’s a good idea to listen to their advice. As such, it may be a good idea to review stock market basics to get a sense of whether the hype is justified.

Some traders have put their entire life savings into trades without doing DD, just based on someone’s advice, and lost money as a result. Hence the term DD stock became commonly used – though it’s important to remember that losses can occur even when due diligence is done.

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Items to Review When Conducting Due Diligence

There are many different measures used to evaluate stocks, and it’s up to each investor to decide how in-depth they want to go in their analysis. Every investor has different goals and risk tolerance, so it’s important to find the stocks that fit one’s particular criteria. For instance, one investor might be looking for stable, relatively low-risk, long-term growth while another might want to go for the potentially highest returns with a higher degree of risk.

Some of the most common items to review when conducting due diligence are:

Market Cap

One of the key factors to look at for due diligence is a company’s market cap. This is the total market value of the company’s shares. It’s also useful to look at how a company’s market cap has changed over time and consider how it might change in the future. For instance, an investor can look at stock price movements, ownership makeup of the company, and the market caps of competitors.

Researching market cap may indicate, for an investor, how volatile a stock might be, how many shareholders might own stock, and how big the end market is.

Large-cap and mega-cap companies tend to have more stable revenue streams and market caps since they are serving larger and broader markets, while mid-cap and small-cap companies may come with more risk and have the potential to see higher returns since they may only be serving a small segment of the market.

Revenue, Profit, and Margin Trends

Analyzing stock trends involves looking at the movement of metrics over time. These metrics include profits, revenue expenditures, profit margin trends, and return on equity. Trends can be monitored over weeks, months, and years.

A good way to start is to find the revenue and net income trends for the past two years, and looking at profit and loss statements. Those can be found on financial news sites and some trading apps that allow investors to search for stocks by name or ticker symbol. These documents may also help you get a sense of which way a stock’s profit margin is trending, if at all.

Investors can see whether trends are consistent or choppy, and if there are major price swings one way or the other. One can also see whether profits are rising, falling, or remaining about the same over time.

Competition

Due diligence also involves looking at a company’s competitors to understand whether the company one is considering investing in is performing better or worse. Competitors are companies in the same industry that are around the same size. In addition to competitors, investors can look at how the industry is performing compared to the overall market, and consider whether any external factors might affect industry performance in the near or long-term future.

Valuation Multiples

Other things to look at in the due diligence process are a company’s price-to-earnings (P/E) ratio, price-to-sales (P/S) ratio, price/earnings-to-growth (PEG) ratio, and overall valuation. Investors can compare the ratios of the company they are researching with those of its competitors.

This step helps figure out whether a company is a value stock or a growth stock, and gain an understanding of its profitability.

Management

The makeup and performance of a company’s management can have a huge effect on its performance. Investors can look at who is on the board of directors, whether the founders are still involved in the company, how long the company has been around, what proportion of shares are owned by managers, and whether major shareholders have been selling off shares.

If the founders and managers don’t own a lot of stock, or are selling it off at high rates, that may be a red flag.

Balance Sheet

A company’s balance sheet shows all of its assets, liabilities, and expenditures. Investors can look at how much debt a company has as well as its available cash balance.

Stock History

Another key part of due diligence is to look at how a stock has changed over time, including its price, liquidity, and dilution. Both short and long-term stock history may provide valuable insights.

Professional Reports

Professional analysts write reports about individual companies, industries, and the overall market. These can provide information that regular or inexperienced investors wouldn’t know.

Expectations and Risks

This step of due diligence involves looking at long-term profit estimates and industry trends. Investors can also look into joint development plans, intellectual property, and roadmaps to try and understand where a company is headed.

It’s critical for investors to also look at the industry and company risks involved with purchasing a stock. These include legal matters, global events, ESG factors, and more.

Ten Steps of Due Diligence

Below are ten steps investors may take when doing due diligence. Each step adds new information that builds upon the previous steps. By the end of the ten steps, an investor should have a solid understanding of the stock and be able to make an informed decision about whether to buy.

1.    Market Cap

2.    Revenue, Profit, and Margin Trends

3.    Industry and Competitors

4.    Valuation

5.    Management and Ownership

6.    Balance Sheet

7.    Stock Price History

8.    Stock Options and Dilution

9.    Expectations

10.    Risks

In the first steps, one simply gathers information without coming to any conclusions about the stock. As more information is gathered, it should start to become more clear what the pros and cons are of buying the stock. Investors can then make their decision accordingly.

The Takeaway

Doing due diligence research is a critical part of investing. Before purchasing any stock or asset, investors should have enough information to make an informed decision. Each of the steps of due diligence helps build a comprehensive picture of a stock’s past and potential future performance.

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INVESTMENTS ARE NOT FDIC INSURED • ARE NOT BANK GUARANTEED • MAY LOSE VALUE

SoFi Invest encompasses two distinct companies, with various products and services offered to investors as described below: Individual customer accounts may be subject to the terms applicable to one or more of these platforms.
1) Automated Investing and advisory services are provided by SoFi Wealth LLC, an SEC-registered investment adviser (“SoFi Wealth“). Brokerage services are provided to SoFi Wealth LLC by SoFi Securities LLC.
2) Active Investing and brokerage services are provided by SoFi Securities LLC, Member FINRA (www.finra.org)/SIPC(www.sipc.org). Clearing and custody of all securities are provided by APEX Clearing Corporation.
For additional disclosures related to the SoFi Invest platforms described above please visit SoFi.com/legal.
Neither the Investment Advisor Representatives of SoFi Wealth, nor the Registered Representatives of SoFi Securities are compensated for the sale of any product or service sold through any SoFi Invest platform.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Claw Promotion: Customer must fund their Active Invest account with at least $25 within 30 days of opening the account. Probability of customer receiving $1,000 is 0.028%. See full terms and conditions.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

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Understanding the Environmental Services Industry

By | Growing Wealth, invest, Investing | Comments Off on Understanding the Environmental Services Industry

The environmental services sector is a multi-billion-dollar industry, which includes companies that collect and dispose of hazardous and non-hazardous types of waste and pollutants. Waste can include toxic waste in soil and water, as well as medical waste, trash, and sewage.

Companies in the environmental services industry include waste treatment plants, landfills, sewage systems, incinerator operators, testing and analysis services, and companies that provide technologies to deal with radioactive waste and other specialized areas.

The environmental services sector may offer a wide array of potential investment opportunities, thanks to an active regulatory climate, as well as growing corporate and consumer commitment to sustainability goals in the U.S. and abroad.

Key Points

•   Environmental services is a multi-billion-dollar industry; it includes companies that collect and dispose of hazardous and non-hazardous waste.

•   Waste can include consumer refuse, toxic waste in soil and water, as well as medical waste, sewage, and more.

•   Environmental services also encompass a number of subsectors that range from testing to engineering, consulting, development, and more.

•   Owing to the rising concern about environmental impacts, there is a robust regulatory climate that has helped shape and spur the growth of this sector.

•   Given that continued population growth and urbanization are adding to the increase in waste and pollution, environmental services may see commensurate demand over time.

What Is the Environmental Services Sector?

Environmental services generally encompass infrastructure-based organizations and public utilities, such as sanitation and sewage processing, as well as water and wastewater treatment, and recycling.

Environmental services can also include non-infrastructure services that deal with air, water, ground, and noise pollution, as well as contaminated site remediation.

The removal and treatment of medical and hospital waste is another important environmental services function.

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Subsectors of Environmental Services

While environmental services are often couched as waste management, it’s important to remember that environmental services encompass a number of subsectors that range from testing to engineering, consulting, development, and more. These companies prevent and reduce pollution to the air, land, cities, and waterways.

Environmental services subsectors include:

•   Testing and analysis for pollutants and chemical contaminants, which is an important part of regulatory compliance, as well as ensuring baseline environmental protections.

•   Environmental engineering and project management services, which support sustainable infrastructure development, public services, and sustainable project management.

•   Environmental assessment and permitting to ensure legally compliant project management and infrastructure development.

•   Environmental services processing, which includes the facilities that handle recycling, smelting, incineration, and more.

•   Environmental consulting, which includes companies that help organizations meet local and governmental sustainability standards, or improve their visibility as an environmental steward.

Recommended: Beginner’s Guide to Sustainable Investing

6 Biggest Companies Within Environmental Services

Environmental services is a $35 billion global sector, which is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of about 6.3%, and reach some $50 billion by 2028.

Some of the biggest companies by revenue, according to CSIMarket, include:

Company

 Ticker

 Market capitalization (in billions)
Waste Management, Inc. WM $87.69
Republic Services, Inc. RSG $65.16
Waste Connections, Inc. WCN $46.29
GFL Environmental, Inc. GFL $17.15
Clean Harbors, Inc. CLH $14.00
Casella Waste Systems CWST $6.77

Source: CSIMarket; data from Yahoo Finance, as of Nov. 7, 2024.

Investing in Environmental Services Stocks

Several factors are contributing to the growth of the environmental services sector. These include population growth, urbanization, industrialization, increased government regulations, and rising concern among consumers and investors about environmental, social, and governmental (ESG) factors.

Growth of Waste and Pollution

According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, municipal solid waste (MSW) amounts alone have increased 93% from 1980 to 2018, the last year for which data is available. MSW refers to consumer waste or garbage (e.g., everything from food waste to packaging to durable goods refuse like furniture). MSW does not include industrial or hazardous waste.

On the whole, the world population is getting richer, and with that comes more consumption and more waste creation. Many people move into cities as income increases, resulting in the need for more urban waste management.

On the plus side, technology is improving within collection, recycling, and waste processing. More waste is being converted into energy, and advanced technology systems help with processing, remediation, and more.

Benefits of Investing in Environmental Services

There are several reasons why investing in environmental services and green stocks may offer investors certain opportunities. For instance:

•   Environmental services are frequently needed and demand is projected to increase.

•   There is a growing body of governmental regulations in this sector that require companies to rely on a range of environmental services.

•   Environmental and waste management technology (e.g., water treatment, air pollution abatement) is improving and investments are being made into new systems.

•   More product packaging is now recyclable.

•   As more people move to cities it is easier to collect their waste and economies of scale become relevant.

Disadvantages of Investing in Environmental Services

However, there are some downsides and things to keep in mind when considering investing in environmental services stocks and ETFs. Like stocks in any sector, it’s important to do research and consider what might happen in the future. Some things to keep in mind are:

•   Consumption and waste generation are closely tied to economic cycles. If there is a recession or economic downturn, people consume less, which can affect the revenue of waste management companies.

•   Inflation and currency fluctuations can affect the waste management sector as well, especially in emerging markets.

•   There are efforts being made by governments, NGOs, and others to educate people and encourage them to consume and waste less. While this is great news for the environment and global health, it may not be great news for waste management companies.

•   Environmental services companies are increasingly involved in energy and materials sectors, making them vulnerable to fluctuations in commodities pricing and supply chain changes.

The Takeaway

Environmental services are an essential part of hazardous and non-hazardous waste management, processing, remediation, and more. And as consumption and urbanization increase, the sector is projected to grow as well. Robust environmental services systems are crucial to sustainability efforts, and interested investors may find investment opportunities in the environmental services sector, but it’s important to weigh the risks in this field as well.

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FAQ

What are examples of environmental services?

Examples of environmental services include hazardous and non-hazardous waste collection and disposal, sewage treatment, recycling, landfill management, composting, toxic waste removal and remediation, and medical waste management. Environmental services can also include engineering and consulting for legal and regulatory compliance, and more.

What’s the meaning of environmental services?

Environmental services are companies and organizations whose aim is to help corporations and municipalities manage the constant generation of waste products and pollutants that are a natural but potentially hazardous aspect of modern life.

Why do we need environmental services?

As the world’s population grows and urban areas expand, there is a commensurate increase in environmental waste products and pollutants. Environmental services companies clean up, manage, and process waste and meet certain regulatory standards. This is essential to keep land, cities, air, and water clean and unpolluted.

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INVESTMENTS ARE NOT FDIC INSURED • ARE NOT BANK GUARANTEED • MAY LOSE VALUE

SoFi Invest encompasses two distinct companies, with various products and services offered to investors as described below: Individual customer accounts may be subject to the terms applicable to one or more of these platforms.
1) Automated Investing and advisory services are provided by SoFi Wealth LLC, an SEC-registered investment adviser (“SoFi Wealth“). Brokerage services are provided to SoFi Wealth LLC by SoFi Securities LLC.
2) Active Investing and brokerage services are provided by SoFi Securities LLC, Member FINRA (www.finra.org)/SIPC(www.sipc.org). Clearing and custody of all securities are provided by APEX Clearing Corporation.
For additional disclosures related to the SoFi Invest platforms described above please visit SoFi.com/legal.
Neither the Investment Advisor Representatives of SoFi Wealth, nor the Registered Representatives of SoFi Securities are compensated for the sale of any product or service sold through any SoFi Invest platform.

Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs): Investors should carefully consider the information contained in the prospectus, which contains the Fund’s investment objectives, risks, charges, expenses, and other relevant information. You may obtain a prospectus from the Fund company’s website or by email customer service at https://sofi.app.link/investchat. Please read the prospectus carefully prior to investing.
Shares of ETFs must be bought and sold at market price, which can vary significantly from the Fund’s net asset value (NAV). Investment returns are subject to market volatility and shares may be worth more or less their original value when redeemed. The diversification of an ETF will not protect against loss. An ETF may not achieve its stated investment objective. Rebalancing and other activities within the fund may be subject to tax consequences.
Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Disclaimer: The projections or other information regarding the likelihood of various investment outcomes are hypothetical in nature, do not reflect actual investment results, and are not guarantees of future results.
Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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