Editor's Note: On July 18, a federal appeals court blocked continued implementation of the SAVE Plan. Current plan enrollees will be placed into interest-free forbearance while the case moves through the courts. We will update this page as more information becomes available.
Knowing what your discretionary income is (and how to calculate it) can help you make decisions about how to best repay your federal student loans. The U.S. Department of Education calculates discretionary income as your adjusted gross income in excess of a protected amount.
The “protected amount” is typically a percentage of the federal poverty guideline appropriate to your family size. The Saving on a Valuable Education (SAVE) Plan, for example, defines discretionary income as any adjusted gross income you have above 225% of the federal poverty guideline appropriate to your family size.
When it comes to individuals who are considering repaying federal student loans with the SAVE Plan or the Income-Based Repayment (IBR) Plan, discretionary income can be a major factor in how much they’ll owe each month. That’s because the federal government typically uses a borrower’s discretionary income to determine their monthly payments.
Below we’ll discuss different IDR plans and the ins and outs of discretionary income, so you can figure out a repayment strategy that works for you and your budget.
Key Points
• Discretionary income, calculated by subtracting a protected amount from adjusted gross income, is crucial for determining monthly student loan payments under federal repayment plans.
• The SAVE Plan defines discretionary income as income above 225% of the federal poverty guideline, potentially allowing for $0 payments for borrowers under specific income thresholds.
• Income-driven repayment plans can lower monthly payments but may extend loan terms significantly, resulting in more interest paid over time compared to standard repayment options.
• Borrowers must recertify their income and family size annually, affecting their monthly payment amounts based on changes in financial circumstances.
• Refinancing student loans with private lenders can lower payments but forfeits access to federal benefits like income-driven repayment plans and potential loan forgiveness.
What Is Discretionary Income?
As mentioned above, the Department of Education calculates discretionary income as your adjusted gross income in excess of a protected amount defined by a federal IDR plan.
Discretionary income under the SAVE Plan, for example, is any adjusted gross income you have above 225% of the federal poverty guideline appropriate to your family size. You’ll have a $0 monthly payment under the SAVE Plan if your annual income doesn’t exceed the protected amount of $32,805 for a single borrower and $67,500 for a family of four in 2023.
If you don’t qualify for a $0 monthly payment on the SAVE Plan, your monthly payment beginning in July 2024 is set at 5% of discretionary income for undergraduate loans, 10% for graduate loans, and a weighted average if you have both.
Discretionary income as defined by the Education Department is different from disposable income, which is the amount of money you have available to spend or save after your income taxes have been deducted.
• Discretionary income under the SAVE Plan is generally calculated by subtracting 225% of the federal poverty guideline from your adjusted gross income (AGI).
• Discretionary income under the Income-Based Repayment (IBR) Plan is generally calculated by subtracting 150% of the federal poverty guideline from your AGI.
If you’re filing jointly or you have dependents, that will impact your discretionary income calculations. For married couples filing together, your combined AGI is used when calculating discretionary income. Under an income-driven plan, filing with a spouse can drive up your income-driven monthly payments because of your combined AGI.
So, let’s say you’re in a one-person household and have a 2023 AGI of $40,000. If you are considering the SAVE Plan, you would subtract 225% of the 2023 poverty guideline ($32,805), to get an official discretionary income of $7,195. Monthly, that is a discretionary income of about $600, and your monthly payment beginning in July 2024 is set at 5% of discretionary income for undergraduate loans, 10% for graduate loans, and a weighted average if you have both.
Borrowers are generally expected to make required loan payments when due. The 2023 debt ceiling bill officially ended the three-year Covid-19 forbearance, requiring federal student loan interest accrual to resume on Sept. 1, 2023, and payments to resume in October 2023.
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What Income-Driven Repayment Plan are You Eligible For?
There are now two federal IDR plans that have different eligibility criteria and terms. (There are two others that are no longer accepting new enrollments.) These income-driven repayment plans can reduce monthly payments for people with incomes below a certain threshold.
It should be noted that federal IDR plans don’t apply to private student loans. They’re only an option for federal student loans.
Income-Driven Repayment Plans for Federal Student Loans
The federal Department of Education offers the following IDR options for eligible federal student loan borrowers:
• Saving on a Valuable Education (SAVE) Plan
• Income-Based Repayment (IBR) Plan
All IDR plans generally use discretionary income to determine monthly payments. So, if there is a change in a borrower’s income or family size, their monthly payment could increase or decrease, depending on the change. Borrowers enrolled in an income-driven repayment plan are typically required to recertify their income and family size each year.
The SAVE ICR plan is open to anyone with eligible federal loans. Under this repayment plan, the amount owed each month is always tied to a borrower’s discretionary income. This could mean that if an individual’s income increases over time, they may end up paying more each month than they would under the 10-year Standard Repayment Plan.
For the IBR plan, eligibility is determined based on income and family size. As a general rule, to qualify, borrowers must not pay more under IBR than they would under the 10-year Standard Repayment Plan. Under this plan, the amount owed each month will never exceed what a borrower would owe under the Standard Repayment Plan.
The PAYE and Income-Contingent plans stopped accepting new enrollments in July 2024.
Pros and Cons of Income-Driven Repayment Plans
IDR plans come with trade-offs. While they can lower your monthly payment and help free up your cash flow now, they may extend the life of your loan. The standard student loan payoff plan is based on a 10-year repayment timeline. An income-driven repayment plan can extend your payment timeline to up to 25 years.
This means you’ll be paying off the loan longer and possibly paying more in interest over time. If you stay on an income-driven repayment plan, the government might forgive any remaining balance after 20 or 25 years of payments — or as little as 10 years for SAVE Plan enrollees with original principal balances of less than $12,000. But the amount that is forgiven may be taxed as income.
How Does Discretionary Income Affect Student Loan Payments?
Income-driven repayment plans generally use your discretionary income to dictate the amount you’re required to repay each month. In the case of borrowers enrolled in the SAVE Plan, any required payments beginning in July 2024 are set at 5% of discretionary income for undergraduate loans, 10% for graduate loans, and a weighted average if you have both.
How Else Can Borrowers Lower Their Student Loan Payment?
Another potential way for borrowers to reduce their student loan payment is by refinancing student loans. When you refinance your student loans, you take out a new loan with new terms from a private lender. The new loan is used to pay off your existing student loans.
Depending on your financial profile, refinancing could result in a lower interest rate or a lower monthly payment depending on which terms you choose. You may pay more interest over the life of the loan if you refinance with an extended term.
Refinancing federal student loans with a private lender also forfeits your access to federal IDR plans, Public Service Loan Forgiveness, and Teacher Loan Forgiveness.
💡 Quick Tip: When rates are low, refinancing student loans could make a lot of sense. How much could you save? Find out using our student loan refi calculator.
The Takeaway
The government uses discretionary income to calculate your federal student loan monthly payments under a qualifying IDR plan. The SAVE Plan may not provide the lowest monthly payment for eligible borrowers with high salaries.
Looking to lower your monthly student loan payment? Refinancing may be one way to do it — by extending your loan term, getting a lower interest rate than what you currently have, or both. (Please note that refinancing federal loans makes them ineligible for federal forgiveness and protections. Also, lengthening your loan term may mean paying more in interest over the life of the loan.) SoFi student loan refinancing offers flexible terms that fit your budget.
With SoFi, refinancing is fast, easy, and all online. We offer competitive fixed and variable rates.
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You may not think of saving money as being a creative pursuit, but with a little effort, you can find fresh (and even fun) ways to help you stash away some cash. This can make the pursuit more engaging and motivating.
Perhaps your goal is to save for the down payment on a house or build up your kid’s college fund or simply take a great vacation next year. You can try some clever methods to make saving money more interesting and maybe a bit exciting.
Read on to learn such tactics as partnering up with a savings buddy and tapping your DIY skills. You’ll also learn ways to make the most of the cash you sock away. Get set to save more.
15 Creative Ideas to Save Money
You are probably familiar with some of the usual tactics for saving money, such as comparison shopping and clipping coupons. If you’re ready to mix things up and try some less common tactics, consider the following 15 quirky but effective ideas.
💡 Quick Tip: An online bank account with SoFi can help your money earn more — up to 4.00% APY, with no minimum balance required.
1. Identifying Your Saving Goals
Not sure how to make saving money fun or prioritize it? You could start by identifying your goals. Are you saving up for a big purchase, like a down payment on a house? Are you saving for your child’s future education?
Once you’ve figured out what you want to accomplish, you could determine a target amount of money you’d like to save. While this number might change over the course of your savings journey, you can always readjust your plan.
If you have an idea of how much money you’d like to work toward saving, you can consider diving deeper into your finances to pinpoint realistic objectives. You can use a tracking and budgeting tool, such as SoFi Financial Insights, to get a big-picture snapshot of your money and drill down on ways to save.
Once you’ve reviewed your individual financial circumstances and have a better idea of your savings goal(s), you could try these fun ways to save money.
2. Finding a Saving Buddy
With the right company, even the most mundane tasks can be enjoyable. You could talk about your savings goals with your friends and family members to potentially identify a saving buddy with similar objectives.
An ideal saving buddy will be supportive of your financial goals, offer good advice, and have a positive money mindset.
Checking in with your buddy regularly could help keep you both stay on track and you can celebrate each other’s accomplishments. This person might also be able to talk you down if you’re on the verge of making a big impulse buy. If you’re stressed about how to make saving money fun, you could brainstorm creative tactics with your saving buddy and implement them together.
3. Seeking Out Free Activities
Saving money does not have to be synonymous with missing out on exciting opportunities around you. You could enjoy free activities offered in your area.
Perhaps your local park offers free theater performances or concerts in the summer, or your area bookstore hosts interesting literary panels and author discussions with no attendance fee. Think about the resources provided by your local library, such as book clubs, language exchange programs, craft nights, and movie screenings.
This can be a great option to pricey movie or concert tickets. And here’s a way to save money on streaming services: You could try a free service like Hoopla or Kanopy, which are offered at no cost to library card holders.
4. Getting Creative and DIY
Here’s another clever way to save money: Adopt a DIY (do-it-yourself) attitude. You could create things using materials you already own instead of buying new products. You can save money on food by meal-prepping for the week ahead; think about recipes that incorporate ingredients you already have in your pantry.
You could make your own household cleaners out of vinegar, lemon rinds, and herbs or face masks using fresh ingredients like avocado, tea, honey, and oatmeal. There are ways to reuse materials that might otherwise be thrown out or recycled: Newspapers and coupon booklets could make fun wrapping paper, for instance.
5. Gamifying Savings
If you’re looking to break up the monotony of saving, you could consider incorporating games and challenges into your overall savings plan. A friendly competition with your saving buddy could be seeing who can save the most money every week, month, and/or year.
Creating small rewards for reaching your goals might be an incentive, too. (Bonus points if these rewards are free!) No-spend weeks, where you refrain from spending any money for seven days, also might help with saving. If you succeed at that, you might want to ramp up to a 30-day no-spend challenge. You can tailor this to cut down on all discretionary spending or just a single category, such as dining out.
6. Swapping Goods and Trading Skills
Getting serious about saving money doesn’t mean you need to give up “luxuries” such as exercising, new clothes and accessories, or home goods. Trading skills and swapping goods are two potential examples of how to make saving money fun while not depriving yourself of the things you want.
You could go to your favorite yoga studio and ask if they have a work-trade program where you can do administrative duties in exchange for classes. A clothing swap with your friends could refresh your closet at no cost.
You might also consider an informal exchange with skilled friends. For example, if you’ve been eyeing an original painting from your artist pal but don’t have the funds to pay her, you could offer your website design services (or some other helpful skills) for the painting.
7. Increasing Income
Sometimes, cutting down on expenses might not be the most effective way to reach a savings goal. It might be easier, in some cases, to make a bit more money than to reduce costs, especially if you are spending more than 50% of your income on non-discretionary expenses like groceries and debt payments. (That’s the figure established by the popular 50/30/20 budget rule, that half of your take-home income goes toward necessities.)
You could reflect on your particular skills and/or hobbies to see if there is a way to translate one of them into an income stream. For example, if you love to knit, you could start an online store for your yarn creations. Or you could offer your writing or editing services in a freelance capacity. A successful low-cost side hustle could help bring additional money into your bank account and add more fun and enjoyment in your life.
If your financial institution seems to be charging you endless fees and offers little interest on your savings account, consider switching banks.
You might consider an online bank. Because these institutions don’t have brick-and-mortar locations to fund, they can pass those savings along to customers in the form of lower or no fees and higher interest rates.
You might also consider a credit union instead of a big name bank. Credit unions are run as financial co-ops, meaning each member has a stake in business. As nonprofits, they are designed to serve their members, typically paying higher interest rates on deposits and charging lower fees.
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9. Split Your Direct Deposit into Checking and Savings
If you have regular paychecks, one of the easiest ways to start saving a bit more money is to guarantee some automatically ends up in a separate savings account, making it that much harder to spend. If you have a checking account, odds are you have a savings account too, or at least access to one.
Maybe you find it hard to remember to put some money away into savings or harder still to force yourself to part with it. If so, splitting your direct deposit into two accounts helps make sure your savings grows every paycheck, without you needing to worry about transferring the money. Check with your HR department or your online pay system to see if you can add a bank account and designate a certain amount of each paycheck to go into your savings account as part of your direct deposit.
Most banks also have the option to set up recurring transfers yourself between your accounts. If you don’t have the option to split up your paycheck or would prefer not to, your bank can likely automate your savings with a transfer the day after you get paid. You won’t have to think twice about stashing money away.
💡 Quick Tip: As opposed to a physical check that can take time to clear, you don’t have to wait days to access a direct deposit. Usually, you can use the money the day it is sent. What’s more, you don’t have to remember to go to the bank or use your app to deposit your check.
10. Change Your Due Dates for Bills
Having extra money in your savings account doesn’t help if you are constantly pulling from it to pay bills.
If you are overdrafting frequently or borrowing from savings, especially at certain times of the month when big payments are due, consider this unique way to save money: Change the due dates of some of your bills. Sometimes spreading out your larger payments — like credit card bills or student loans — throughout the month can help when those more inflexible due dates, like rent, roll around.
By changing the date of some of your bills, you will hopefully avoid overdraft or NSF fees. This will encourage you to not touch your savings account, as opposed to pulling from it every time your checking account balance gets precariously low.
11. Save Every $5 Bill
This is a classic adult remix of the piggy bank you had as a kid. Only this time, instead of squirreling away quarters, take every $5 you get and put it in a separate drawer at home. Keep all of these $5 in the back of a closet somewhere, tucked away and out of sight.
Once you get into the habit of identifying $5 as “no spend” bills, you’ll find it can really be a creative way to save money — depending on how much cash you use in a typical day, of course.
The benefit of this method is that $5 isn’t really enough to miss if you are just putting away a bill or two, but that at the end of the year, it can easily add up to enough cash to help with holiday shopping, a loan payment, or even a nice charity donation without having to touch your savings in the bank.
12. Take Advantage of Cash Back Credit Cards
Need another clever way to save money? Simply put, if you have a credit card that has a decent rewards program, you can likely get your rewards in cash. While getting cash back won’t boost your savings directly, it can allow you to spend rewards points instead of your savings.
However, if you tend to carry over a balance on your credit card, cash back cards may not be a good solution for you right now.
13. Round Up Your Purchases Automatically
There are plenty of apps available to round up your purchase to the nearest dollar and then save the change for you. Your bank may offer this kind of savings tool, which can be an easy way to save money automatically.
The amount these apps save for you is small, so you aren’t likely to notice $1 or even a few cents when it transfers, but it can add up to hundreds stashed away per year.
14. Consolidate Credit Card Debt with a Personal Loan
If your credit card debt is preventing you from saving as much as you would like, you might use a personal loan as a creative way to shake up your finances.
If you owe money on more than one credit card or have a high balance relative to your credit limit, the rates on a personal loan could help lower your monthly payments. Often, taking out one personal loan to pay off credit cards can help you with savings in the long run. While you’ll still be paying off the personal loan, the interest rate is likely to be significantly lower than that of the credit cards. That means you can probably pay off the total sooner, leaving more cash free for savings.
15. Automate Your Savings into an Investment Account
It’s the age-old financial advice worth repeating here: If your company offers a match on your 401(k) savings, take advantage of it! If your company match is 6%, you should set your contribution for at least 6% to get the most out of your retirement funds.
It can be simple to creatively save money using the following technique. Most company wealth management accounts can be set to automatically deduct contributions from your paycheck, but you can schedule other automatic investments too. You can make scheduled, recurring transfers between your bank account and your wealth management account.
You get to select the dollar amount, the date and the frequency you want. This is a great way to put your savings to good use — send it into an investment account. There are plenty of other technologies available to help make this easy, too.
Why Is Making Saving Money Fun Important?
Trying tactics like the ones above can help make it fun to save money. That’s important for a couple of good reasons. Shaking up your savings routine can make socking away cash seem fresh and more engaging, meaning you are more likely to get the job done. Basically, it can rev up your motivation to save money.
Also, when you find a technique that is fun, such as a no-spend challenge, it can help encode the new savings behavior in your routine. If it’s enjoyable, you are more likely to keep up the good work.
How Can You Make the Most of the Money You Save?
When you save money, you likely want it to grow over time, not just sit there. One good way to do that is to stash your money in an interest-earning account. This will be especially effective if the financial institution where you save charges low or no fees and doesn’t have high minimum opening deposit or balance requirements.
You might look for a high-interest or high-yield savings account. These can pay a significantly higher rate than standard savings accounts, and your money will be accessible and likely insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, or FDIC, or NCUA (the National Credit Union Administration).
Optimizing Your Savings
Beyond the creative ways to save that you just learned, there are other important ways to optimize your savings.
• Budgeting wisely can help you better understand your personal finances. It can help you get a grip on your earnings, spending, and savings. When you see where your money goes, you can tweak your spending to help funnel more towards savings.
• Putting a spending limit on your credit card (or cards) can help you rein in spending, which can reduce high-interest credit card debt and allow you to save more.
• Lastly, it you are struggling to put away money, one dramatic move that can help you save more is to move to an area with a lower cost of living. Whether that means moving across town or across the country, it could make a major difference in your finances.
The Takeaway
Putting away money for your future does not need to be a boring task; there are countless fun ways to save money that could be customized to your specific financial needs and wants. From finding a savings buddy to gamifying your saving, creative tactics can help enhance your motivation and your ability to put away cash.
Interested in opening an online bank account? When you sign up for a SoFi Checking and Savings account with direct deposit, you’ll get a competitive annual percentage yield (APY), pay zero account fees, and enjoy an array of rewards, such as access to the Allpoint Network of 55,000+ fee-free ATMs globally. Qualifying accounts can even access their paycheck up to two days early.
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FAQ
What is a clever way to save money?
There are several clever ways to save money. Automating savings so you don’t have to remember to transfer funds is one good tactic; so is giving yourself a no-spend challenge, finding free activities, and doing a skills swap to reduce spending.
How can you save $1000 in 30 days?
To save $1,000 in 30 days, you can try a spending freeze, a savings challenge, and/or use a card that gives you cash back. Make sure you are keeping the money you save in a high-yield savings account.
What is the 50 30 20 rule?
The 50/30/20 budget rule is a popular technique for managing your money. It advises spending 50% of your take-home pay on the needs of life (housing, food, healthcare, etc.), 30% on the wants in life (such as dining out, Ubers instead of public transportation, travel, and so forth), and 20% goes into sayings.
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If you’ve getting ready to apply to college, look on the bright side: It can be a good way to apply the skills you’ve learned in school to get organized and nail this project. It’s also a time to shine and show off your achievements over the past few years.
That said, like any big project, applying to college has a lot of moving parts and can feel intimidating at times. To help you break it down, it can be wise to use a college application checklist. Doing so can help you stay on track as you move ahead with navigating the next step in your education.
What follows is just that: a college application checklist and details on how to apply to the schools you’re interested in. As you’ll see, it can all boil down to 5 key steps. You’ve got this!
Key Points
• Organizing a college application system is essential for staying on top of deadlines and requirements, including setting up folders for each school.
• Standardized test scores may not be required by many colleges; however, checking individual school requirements is necessary before deciding to take them.
• Collecting letters of recommendation should begin early, allowing ample time for writers to craft personalized letters that reflect the student’s achievements.
• Completing the FAFSA is crucial for accessing federal financial aid and scholarships, and it should be submitted as early as possible to maximize funding opportunities.
• Staying engaged in school and maintaining good grades during the application process is important, as colleges will review final transcripts before making admissions decisions.
Tips for Getting Organized
Before you dive into your To Do list, take some time to get organized. Applying for college can definitely be complicated and time-intensive. Creating a system, including a college application checklist, can help prevent important details and dates from slipping through the cracks.
Before you start printing out forms and stashing brochures, label a folder for each school and list important information on the front, such as:
• College name
• Application deadline
• Type of deadline (early decision, early action, regular decision, or rolling admission)
Choose a single system to monitor all submissions and deadlines, and make sure your parents can also access the information.
One method of organization could be to file the folders by deadline dates rather than school names to ensure you get all documents to each school on time.
Keep copies of important documents, such as recommendation letters and student housing information, in each folder. Most early decision or early action deadlines are in November, while regular decision applications are usually due in January.
Make a note of any schools that have extra forms or a particular department within the college that has its own set of requirements. The university likely has a list of scholarship deadlines, which may be different from its application deadline.
College application deadlines tend to be set in stone, and admission officers may even frown upon those who wait till the last minute to submit their applications. It can be helpful to set reminders on your phone, computer, or the kitchen calendar.
Schedule reminders for at least a month before the real deadline so there’s plenty of time to ask questions, make adjustments, and get your application in well before the deadline. This can help you avoid that night-before-the-deadline discovery that you are missing a form.
Consolidate tasks whenever possible. If you need a recommendation for an extracurricular activity for two different schools, don’t ask the softball coach and the band conductor. Pick one and ask for a reference letter that can be easily customized for both schools.
Even the simplest college application is typically made up of multiple forms. You can use a physical filing system or cloud-based storage to store forms, recommendation letters, and more. As you gather materials, divide everything into folders for each college and label PDFs with short, descriptive names (MusicRecommendation, not “scan008877605.pdf”).
💡 Quick Tip: Fund your education with a low-rate, no-fee SoFi private student loan that covers all school-certified costs.
College Application Checklist
If you’re looking for a section to print out and check off as you go, this is it: your applying to colleges checklist. Then read on for details on how you might go about accomplishing these tasks.
• Create a filing system for schools organized by the application deadline
• Set reminders for application deadlines
• Gather test scores (SAT®, ACT®, etc.) if prospective schools require them
First on your college application process checklist is to consider whether you need standardized test scores. A majority of colleges and universities no longer require standardized tests like the SAT and ACT for school applications — check with the schools you plan to apply to. If you want to play it safe and you have the time, you may want to take the test just in case.
Generally, students must register for tests about a month in advance. It will take a couple of weeks for scores to be distributed, and colleges receive scores about 10 days after students. So if your college application deadline is in January, you should schedule your test by October. Perhaps you’ll want to take it earlier if you want to give yourself enough time to retake the test if you’d like to try to get a higher score.
2. Request Letters of Recommendation
Next on your college application requirement checklist: Many colleges request 2 to 3 letters of recommendation. According to the College Board, these should be “written by someone who can describe your skills, accomplishments, and personality.” It’s wise to ask people who know you well and are enthusiastic about this prospect. You may want to request an extra letter or two, to accommodate letter-writers who miss their deadline or beg off at the last minute.
When asking for a recommendation letter, keep in mind that teachers and coaches are usually very busy and likely being asked by multiple students. If possible, give them at least a month to write a reference letter. Really, the earlier the better. Some schools require recommendations from teachers in specific subjects, so be mindful of specific requirements.
3. Check for Special Deadlines
You’ll want to consider other deadlines as well, such as applications for special dorms, department-level scholarships, registering for summer activities, and more. These things can end up coloring the college experience just as much as which university you get accepted to.
In many cases, dorms are available on a first-come, first-served basis. Applying early can help you get the specific type of dorm you want, such as co-ed, separated by gender, or substance-free.
4. Fill Out the FAFSA
While you’re gathering all the information for college, you’ll probably be thinking about how to pay for it. For this item on your college admission checklist, you’ll likely want to start with the Free Application for Federal Student Aid or FAFSA®, the form that parents and students must complete to be eligible for federal student loans and aid. Many colleges also use the FAFSA to decide if a student qualifies for its own grants and scholarships.
A university may offer both need-based and merit-based aid. Need-based aid is determined by a family’s income and circumstances, while merit-based aid is determined by academics, athletics, and other talents. The FAFSA helps colleges determine how much need-based federal aid a student qualifies for.
The FAFSA application is generally available starting in October but the 2024-2025 form will be available in December; the due date varies by state. Try to apply as early as possible because some financial aid is awarded on a first-come, first-served basis.
A common misconception is that the FAFSA is a one-time deal. In reality, the FAFSA must be filled out every year to account for any changes in income or other circumstances. For example, if one of your parents gets laid off from their job, you might qualify for more need-based aid.
For some students, federal aid (including federal student loans) isn’t enough to cover the full cost of attendance. If that’s the case, it may be time to look into some additional sources of funding.
Some families are able to fill the gap between tuition costs and student aid with savings. Parents may take out loans in their own name to help children pay for college as well.
Other students are able to pay for a portion of their tuition with scholarships or grants. Scholarships and grants may require applicants to invest some time writing an essay or meeting other requirements. Any funds that are received can be a useful way to cover education costs since they don’t need to be repaid.
There are quite a few scholarship databases you can search to find those that fit your background and interests.
If you’ve exhausted your aid opportunities and are still looking to fill a gap, private student loans are an option to consider. While they don’t come with the same benefits as federal student loans (such as income-driven repayment plans and loan forgiveness options), they can be used to help pay for education expenses.
Unlike most federal student loans, the private student loan application process generally requires a credit check*. Some students may find they need a cosigner, which is someone who would be held responsible for the loan in the event the primary borrower fails to make payments.
💡 Quick Tip: Need a private student loan to cover your school bills? Because approval for a private student loan is based on creditworthiness, a cosigner may help a student get loan approval and a lower rate.
Stay Engaged in School
Once you’ve completed your college application checklist and your college applications are on their way, your last semester in high school can feel kind of pointless. Not true! Colleges will want to see those grades and know what you’ve been up to. If you’ve lost motivation, are cutting class, or let your grades slide, they’ll know it. And if you’re still taking AP exams, those results can determine whether you get credit for certain college courses.
So stay involved and send a follow-up letter listing any additional awards and achievements. This is your chance to show off what you’re capable of even when the pressure’s off.
Speaking of pressure, take time to relax — before, during, and after the application process. Plan some fun activities that don’t involve watching your inbox for acceptance letters. And congratulate yourself on making it this far.
The Takeaway
The college application process can be demanding. After all, the application itself is usually just one of many concerns. There may also be standardized tests to take, letters of recommendation to collect, personal essays to write, housing to consider, and financial aid applications to complete. It can be wise to use an applying to colleges checklist. The earlier you complete the tasks on it, the less stressed you’ll be — and that can be reflected in the quality of your application. Stay on top of all deadlines, and set reminders well in advance so you never have to pull an all-nighter. Save those for college.
If you’ve exhausted all federal student aid options, no-fee private student loans from SoFi can help you pay for school. The online application process is easy, and you can see rates and terms in just minutes. Repayment plans are flexible, so you can find an option that works for your financial plan and budget.
Cover up to 100% of school-certified costs including tuition, books, supplies, room and board, and transportation with a private student loan from SoFi.
Checking Your Rates: To check the rates and terms you may qualify for, SoFi conducts a soft credit pull that will not affect your credit score. However, if you choose a product and continue your application, we will request your full credit report from one or more consumer reporting agencies, which is considered a hard credit pull and may affect your credit.
SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.
SoFi Private Student Loans
Please borrow responsibly. SoFi Private Student Loans are not a substitute for federal loans, grants, and work-study programs. You should exhaust all your federal student aid options before you consider any private loans, including ours. Read our FAQs.
SoFi Private Student Loans are subject to program terms and restrictions, and applicants must meet SoFi’s eligibility and underwriting requirements. See SoFi.com/eligibility-criteria for more information. To view payment examples, click here. SoFi reserves the right to modify eligibility criteria at any time. This information is subject to change.
Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.
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Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.
An FHA loan is a type of government home loan program that the Federal Housing Administration insures. It’s a popular mortgage choice, especially for first-time homebuyers, because an FHA loan has lower down payment requirements than conventional loans.
But there are extra costs related to these loans that you might not be aware of. You can use an FHA loan calculator. to help figure out what your monthly mortgage payment and total cost might be.
Why Use a FHA Loan Mortgage Calculator Table
An FHA loan mortgage calculator table has several benefits for homebuyers. These include:
• Cost estimations: The calculator table can provide estimates of monthly mortgage payments. It helps borrowers plan their budget by showing the expenses involved in buying a home.
• Time-saving: Mortgage calculations can be confusing and complicated for first-time homebuyers. The calculator table helps simplify and speed up this process.
• Comparison tool: Buyers can compare options by entering different scenarios into the calculator table. A different interest rate or purchase price will change the monthly payment amounts. A buyer can compare homes and even different types of mortgage loans to help decide which property and loan to move forward with.
• Informed decision-making: An aspiring homebuyer can use the table to determine the various costs involved in an FHA loan. They can plug in different numbers, such as a lower or higher down payment or a different loan term to see how that might change their monthly payments.
• Financial planning: Overall, the calculator could help borrowers figure out what they can afford now and how to plan for future payments.
💡 Quick Tip: With SoFi, it takes just minutes to view your rate for a home loan online.
First-time homebuyers can
prequalify for a SoFi mortgage loan,
with as little as 3% down.
How to Calculate Your FHA Loan Mortgage Costs
Calculating a government home loan like an FHA loan mortgage involves several steps. These include:
1. Determining the loan’s principal amount and interest. The principal is the amount of money the homebuyer borrows from the lender. The interest is the cost of borrowing the money.
2. Adding property taxes and homeowners insurance. Homebuyers typically pay state and local property taxes. And you’ll also need homeowner’s insurance to insure the house against theft, damage, or loss, among other things.
3. Including the Mortgage Insurance Premium (MIP). The MIP protects lenders in case the borrower defaults on their mortgage payments. Borrowers pay an upfront MIP of 1.75% of the loan amount, and then they pay an annual MIP that’s typically charged in monthly installments as part of the mortgage payment.
4. Adding the loan term. This is the length of the loan, which is usually 15 to 30 years for an FHA loan.
5. Finally, plugging all the information listed above into an FHA mortgage loan calculator table to estimate the total monthly mortgage cost.
This is what the table for a mortgage calculator for an FHA loan might look like. You can use the table as a template or starting point to fill in the information, adjusting as needed, and then make your calculations.
Here are two examples of FHA loan calculations to give you an idea of how the process works. Keep in mind that there might be additional costs to consider, such as closing costs.
Calculate the total monthly mortgage costs:
Total Monthly Mortgage Costs = $1,081.03 (Principal & Interest) + $93.75 (MIP) + $250 (Property Taxes) + $75 (Homeowners Insurance) = $1,500.78
The total monthly mortgage cost per month is $1,500.78.
💡 Quick Tip: Don’t have a lot of cash on hand for a down payment? The minimum down payment for an FHA mortgage loan is just 3.5%.
Reasons to Calculate Your FHA Loan Mortgage First
There are a number of reasons why it makes sense to calculate an FHA mortgage before you move forward with such a mortgage. Here are five ways calculating your mortgage can be helpful.
• Determining what’s affordable: Determining the cost of the mortgage can help borrowers search for a home within their price range.
• Financial preparation: Buyers can see how much money they should plan to spend each month. They can then create a budget and financial plan in order to be prepared to meet the monthly payments.
• Comparing loan options: Buyers can look at different loan options to choose the one that works best for them. They can also see how a different interest rate, home price, or down payment amount will affect their monthly cost.
• Preventing surprises: Using the calculator helps borrowers understand what the loan costs will be so they don’t get hit with expenses they weren’t expecting.
• Helping with negotiation: The more informed a buyer is about the various costs associated with the loan and the terms, the better they may be at negotiating the best terms.
If you’re interested in getting an FHA mortgage, there are a few things you can do to help get the best deal for your situation.
Build your credit score. This is one of the tips to qualify for a mortgage that it’s good to know. Strengthening your credit may help you get better interest rate terms. Pay off your debts if you can, and pay your bills on time to help build your score.
Shop around for the best interest rate. Different lenders offer varying interest rates for FHA loans. See what you may qualify for. A higher credit score may help you get a better rate.
Consider making a higher down payment. This could potentially help make your overall mortgage amount and monthly payments lower.
Negotiate closing costs. Closing costs are typically 4% to 5% of the home’s purchase price. You may be able to negotiate with the lender to try to lower some of those costs.
Take advantage of down payment assistance programs. Many states and cities offer down payment assistance programs for first-time homebuyers.
Consider mortgage refinance when interest rates drop. If you get a lower rate when you refinance, you can typically reduce your monthly mortgage monthly payments.
The Takeaway
If you’re interested in an FHA loan, an FHA loan calculator can help you figure out the total costs of your loan and your monthly loan payments, which in turn can help you budget and plan for them. For instance, you’ll factor in such costs as homeowner’s insurance and Mortgage Insurance Premium.
Shopping around for the best interest rate and comparing different loan options may also help you save money on an FHA loan.
SoFi offers a wide range of FHA loan options that are easier to qualify for and may have a lower interest rate than a conventional mortgage. You can down as little as 3.5%. Plus, the Biden-Harris Administration has reduced monthly mortgage insurance premiums for new homebuyers to help offset higher interest rates.
Another perk: FHA loans are assumable mortgages!
FAQ
What are the new FHA limits for 2023?
The FHA’s nationwide limit “floor” and “ceiling” for a one-unit property in 2023 are $472,030 and $1,089,300, respectively.
What is the minimum credit score for FHA in 2023?
For an FHA loan, a minimum credit score of 580 and a down payment of 3.5 percent are required. You can still qualify with a credit score as low as 500 if you can increase your down payment to at least 10%.
How is an FHA loan amount calculated?
The FHA loan amount is calculated by determining the maximum loan size that a borrower qualifies for, which is typically based on the borrower’s income, creditworthiness, and the specific FHA loan program’s guidelines. The loan amount is further influenced by factors such as the property’s appraised value and the FHA’s required loan-to-value ratio.
Photo credit: iStock/ridvan_celik
¹FHA loans are subject to unique terms and conditions established by FHA and SoFi. Ask your SoFi loan officer for details about eligibility, documentation, and other requirements. FHA loans require an Upfront Mortgage Insurance Premium (UFMIP), which may be financed or paid at closing, in addition to monthly Mortgage Insurance Premiums (MIP). Maximum loan amounts vary by county. The minimum FHA mortgage down payment is 3.5% for those who qualify financially for a primary purchase. SoFi is not affiliated with any government agency.
Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.
Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.
SoFi Mortgages
Terms, conditions, and state restrictions apply. Not all products are available in all states. See SoFi.com/eligibility-criteria for more information.
*SoFi requires Private Mortgage Insurance (PMI) for conforming home loans with a loan-to-value (LTV) ratio greater than 80%. As little as 3% down payments are for qualifying first-time homebuyers only. 5% minimum applies to other borrowers. Other loan types may require different fees or insurance (e.g., VA funding fee, FHA Mortgage Insurance Premiums, etc.). Loan requirements may vary depending on your down payment amount, and minimum down payment varies by loan type.
SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.
Lenders who provide VA home loans often offer better terms than a borrower might get with a conventional mortgage. Private mortgage insurance (PMI) isn’t required, interest rates may be lower than with other types of mortgages, and most VA-backed loans (90%) are made with no down payment.
Still, when you’re shopping for any type of mortgage, it can be helpful to have a good idea of where you stand and what your monthly payments might be. And that’s why a VA loan calculator table can be instrumental. By plugging in a few key numbers, you can feel better informed, whether you’re planning to buy a home or considering refinancing your current mortgage.
Why Use a VA Home Loan Mortgage Calculator Table?
If you’re a veteran, service member, or eligible survivor interested in learning about a VA loan — which is one of the different types of mortgage loans available — a VA home loan calculator can help you estimate what your monthly payments might be based on data you provide.
You can see how a 15-year mortgage might differ from a 30-year mortgage, for example, or what different interest rates might mean for your monthly payments. You also can get an idea of how much you might pay in interest over the life of your VA home loan.
💡 Quick Tip: Buying a home shouldn’t be aggravating. SoFi’s online mortgage application is quick and simple, with dedicated Mortgage Loan Officers to guide you throughout the process.
First-time homebuyers can
prequalify for a SoFi mortgage loan,
with as little as 3% down.
How to Calculate Your VA Home Mortgage Loan Payment
To calculate your monthly VA mortgage payment with a VA loan calculator table, you’ll need to gather up a few key pieces of information, including:
Home Purchase Price
This can be the actual cost of a home you hope to buy, or what you’ve budgeted for your home purchase.
Down Payment Amount
For most eligible veterans and service members, this amount will be $0.
Loan Term
This is the expected length of your loan, usually 15 or 30 years.
Interest Rate
You won’t know your exact interest rate until you lock it in with your lender, so this will be an estimate. Lenders base their rates on current market rates, a borrower’s credit profile, and other factors.)
Property Tax Rate
If you have a particular home in mind to purchase, the tax rate may appear on the listing. You also can look for property tax rates on county websites.
The formula used to calculate a mortgage payment can be complicated, so it may be easier to use a VA home loan calculator to check how changing various numbers might affect your loan. Our VA Loan Mortgage Calculator Table, with averages used below in various fields, also can help you see what your payments might look like.
2024 VA Home Loan Mortgage Calculator Table
Purchase Price
$210,000
$375,000
$675,000
Down Payment
$0
$0
$0
Avg. Property Tax Rate*
1.45% (St. Louis)
1.15% (Tampa)
.82% (Los Angeles)
PMI:
$0
$0
$0
Interest Rate
9%
7%
5%
Loan Term
15-year/30-year
15-year/30-year
15-year/30-year
Estimated Payment
$2,384/$1,943
$3,730/$2,854
$5,799/$4,085
Principal & Interest Monthly
$2,130/$1,690
$3,370/$2,495
$5,338/$3,624
Taxes Monthly
$254
$359
$461
Total Interest Paid
$173,393/$398,290
$231,709/$523,162
$285,814/$629,475
*Property tax exemptions and special tax districts may apply
Examples from the VA Home Mortgage Calculator Table
Because VA-backed loans don’t require mortgage insurance, and most don’t require a down payment, the main factors that will influence your monthly mortgage payment are the amount of the loan, the interest rate you pay, and the length of the loan.
As you can see from the VA loan affordability calculator table above, borrowers can get a smaller, more manageable monthly payment if they opt for a longer loan term. But they’ll pay more in interest than they would if they had a shorter term. Using the Tampa home as an example, the estimated monthly payment would be $2,854 with a 30-year term, vs. $3,730 with a 15-year loan. But the total amount of interest paid for the 30-year loan could end up being more than twice as much: $523,162 vs. $231,709.
And, of course, the cost of the home you choose to buy can also be an important factor. As shown in the table, even with a much higher interest rate, both the monthly payment and total interest paid for the home in St. Louis would be lower than for the home in Los Angeles — simply because the cost of living in California is high and the St. Louis home is less expensive.
It can be helpful to check the cost of living by state if you’re deliberating between two different locations for your next home.
💡 Quick Tip: Active duty service members who have served for at least 90 consecutive days are eligible for a VA loan. But so are many veterans, surviving spouses, and National Guard and Reserves members. It’s worth exploring with an online VA loan application because the low interest rates and other advantages of this loan can’t be beat.†
Other Costs to Consider
Most VA loan mortgage calculators stick to the basics, but there are other costs you may want to consider when you’re trying to determine the monthly loan payment you can afford, including:
VA Funding Fee
Though borrowers don’t pay mortgage insurance on a VA loan, most will pay a one-time funding fee. (Some borrowers are exempt.) The fee, which can be paid upfront or rolled into the loan, is a percentage of the loan, and is based on the type of loan and other factors.
Homeowners Insurance
Homeowners insurance can help protect your home and property in case of expensive damage and other potential costs. Your lender will likely require that you buy homeowners insurance before you close on your home purchase.
HOA Fees
If the home you purchase is part of a homeowner’s association (HOA), you may have to pay a monthly or annual fee. The HOA may use this money to cover maintenance costs and amenities.
VA Home Loan Limits
Typically, the VA guarantees that it will repay the lender up to 25% of your loan amount if you should fail to make your payments. But if you’re still paying off another VA loan, your VA guarantee may be limited, and the lender may ask you for a down payment to make up the difference. Your lender can help you determine how VA home loan limits might affect your new loan.
Reasons to Calculate Your VA Home Mortgage Loan First
You may want to calculate the monthly payment and interest costs for your VA loan first, then compare those numbers to other types of loans – especially if you’re a first-time buyer who’s struggling to come up with a down payment. Your VA loan may come with a lower interest rate, and you won’t have to pay private mortgage insurance, which can keep your payments lower. Your lender also may accept a lower credit score if you’re applying for a VA loan vs. a conventional loan.
Still, it can be a good idea to compare all the different types of mortgage loans for which you might be eligible. If you can afford to make a 20% down payment on a conventional loan, for example, you can avoid the VA funding fee, and you’ll have some equity in your home right away. It doesn’t hurt to keep your options open, whether you’re buying a home or refinancing your mortgage.
Tips on How to Save on Your VA Home Mortgage Loan
To get the best VA loan payment, these are a few strategies that could help you save money.
Work on Your Credit
There isn’t a required minimum credit score for VA loans. Instead, the VA asks approved lenders to review the borrower’s “entire loan profile,” which could include your credit history, debt-to-income (DTI) ratio, employment history, and assets.
Individual lenders also may have their own approval criteria you should be aware of when you’re ready to apply for a loan. The more you can do to improve your financial health, the better the chances that you’ll get the loan terms you want.
Consider Making a Down Payment
Most borrowers don’t have to make a down payment on their VA home loan, but that doesn’t mean you can’t. Putting a down payment on your loan could show the lender that you’re a serious buyer, which may help you get a lower interest rate or reduce the VA funding fee on your loan.
Roll Your VA Funding Fee into Your Loan
If you’re a first-time homebuyer or low on cash for closing, the VA’s one-time funding fee may seem like a daunting amount. But you don’t have to pay the entire fee upfront. You can ask your lender to include that amount in your loan, and it will be added to your monthly payments. Your payments will be a bit more, but it may make the difference in being able to buy a home of your own.
Because VA home loans have some different requirements and benefits than other mortgages, it can be helpful to get an idea of what those differences might mean for your monthly payment and overall loan by using a VA loan calculator table.
If you’re preparing to buy or refinance a home, a VA mortgage loan calculator table can give you a useful estimate of what your new loan might look like, depending on your loan amount, length, interest rate and other factors.
SoFi offers VA loans with competitive interest rates, no private mortgage insurance, and down payments as low as 0%. Eligible service members, veterans, and survivors may use the benefit multiple times.
Our Mortgage Loan Officers are ready to guide you through the process step by step.
FAQ
Will VA home loan limits increase in 2023?
Yes, VA home loan limits increased significantly in 2023. The baseline limit for VA loans in 2023 is $726,200, compared to $647,200 in 2022.
How much do I need to make to buy a $300,000 house with a VA loan?
Your income is only one factor that goes into deciding how much you can afford to borrow. Lenders also will look at your debt-to-income (DTI) ratio, which is the amount of your monthly debt payments compared to your monthly gross income. The VA doesn’t have a required DTI ratio for borrowers, but a maximum DTI of 41% is preferred.
What is the VA benefit increase for 2023?
Military retirees and disabled veterans got an 8.7% increase in their monthly checks in 2023, thanks to the annual adjustment to the federal cost of living allowance.
Photo credit: iStock/joel-t
SoFi Mortgages
Terms, conditions, and state restrictions apply. Not all products are available in all states. See SoFi.com/eligibility-criteria for more information.
SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.
†Veterans, Service members, and members of the National Guard or Reserve may be eligible for a loan guaranteed by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. VA loans are subject to unique terms and conditions established by VA and SoFi. Ask your SoFi loan officer for details about eligibility, documentation, and other requirements. VA loans typically require a one-time funding fee except as may be exempted by VA guidelines. The fee may be financed or paid at closing. The amount of the fee depends on the type of loan, the total amount of the loan, and, depending on loan type, prior use of VA eligibility and down payment amount. The VA funding fee is typically non-refundable. SoFi is not affiliated with any government agency.
Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.
Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.
Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .
