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STEM stands for science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, and it’s a popular area of study for its higher-paying occupations and expected job growth. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, careers in STEM earn more than double the national average and are expected to grow more than 10% by 2033.

There are numerous scholarships exclusively available to students pursuing a degree in a STEM field. Below, we’ve outlined a list of STEM scholarships, plus common eligibility requirements and tips for applying.

STEM Scholarships for Graduate Students

Students in a master’s or doctoral program can apply for specific STEM scholarships to help cover tuition and living expenses. Scholarship eligibility may be based on the program type and focus of a student’s research.

Below are five STEM scholarships for graduate students.

•   American Nuclear Society Scholarship Program: Multiple awards ranging from $1,000 to $5,000 for graduate and undergraduate students enrolled in a degree program related to nuclear science or nuclear engineering.

•   American Welding Society Research Fellowships: Funding and support up to $35,000 annually for graduate students who are engaged in cutting-edge research within the field of welding.

•   Charles LeGeyt Fortescue Scholarship: Funding for one year of full-time graduate studies (up to $24,000) in electrical engineering at an accredited engineering school in the U.S.

•   DOE Computational Science Graduate Fellowship: Tuition assistance, stipend, and professional development ($45,000 value) for incoming and first-year PhD students enrolled in engineering, physical, computer, mathematical, or life sciences programs.

•   Dr. Nancy Foster Scholarship Program: Financial support of up to $47,000 for master’s and doctoral students in oceanography, marine biology, engineering, and resource management disciplines conducting research related to the mission of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

For a chance to win SoFi’s monthly $2,500 Scholarship Sweepstakes, simply let us know your name, email address, and school.

STEM Scholarships for Undergraduates

There are many STEM scholarships available to undergraduate students. Eligibility requirements may include a student’s major, location, financial need, academic achievement, and class standing.

Below are five STEM scholarships for undergraduate students.

•   Changing the World Scholarship: Offers $1,000 awards per semester for undergraduate students who are pursuing a STEM degree and have a GPA of 3.0 or higher and demonstrated financial need.

•   Cold War Veterans Scholarship: Three $2,500 scholarships for students who are an active member of the Marine’s Memorial or a child or grandchild of an active member to pursue undergraduate studies in a STEM field.

•   Goodyear STEM Career Day Scholarships: Multiple awards ranging from $1,000 to $2,500 for Ohio high school graduates pursuing a bachelor’s degree in engineering or a STEM discipline.

•   Lockheed Martin STEM Scholarship: Multiple scholarships for undergraduate students enrolled in a four-year degree program and majoring in engineering, computer science, mathematics, or physics.

•   SAE/Ford Partnership for Advanced Studies Scholarship: One $5,000 scholarship for an incoming freshman pursuing an engineering or related science degree at an accredited U.S. college or university.

Recommended: Grants, Scholarships, Loans: The Differences

How to Apply for a STEM Scholarship

To apply for a STEM scholarship, you first need to put in the time to research and find STEM scholarships you qualify for. During your search, keep track of submission deadlines and application requirements for any opportunities you plan on applying to, as these can vary between scholarships.

A personal statement or essay is a common requirement for STEM scholarships. While it’s best practice to tailor your writing to address the scholarship’s specific prompts and instructions, creating a generic personal statement that you can modify for each application can save time.

STEM scholarships often require school transcripts and a letter of recommendation or references. Think about which high school teachers, college professors, or employers are best suited to speak to your academic merit and personal character. When applying for a STEM-specific scholarship, using a reference who teaches or works in a STEM field could be advantageous.

Recommended: How to Pay for College

When Should I Apply for STEM Scholarships?

There are STEM scholarships and grants available to help pay for all levels of higher education, from freshman year of undergrad to completing a master’s or doctoral degree.

For high school seniors, it’s okay if you’re not sure what college you should go to yet to begin applying for college scholarships. Some scholarship deadlines are one year in advance, so it’s helpful to be planning well ahead for applications.

Current college and graduate students can continue applying for scholarships every year of their education, and it may be necessary to reapply for an award if it doesn’t renew annually.

What Kind of GPA Do I Need to Apply for a STEM Scholarship?

STEM scholarships have different eligibility criteria, including GPA requirements. However, many merit-based scholarships require a GPA of at least 3.0 to apply, whereas students could qualify for some need-based awards with a GPA below a 3.0.

Recommended: Tips for Getting Straight A’s in College

Are International Students Eligible for STEM Scholarships?

Many STEM scholarships are intended for students who are U.S. residents. But there are still opportunities for international students to consider, including university-specific scholarships and grants.

Recommended: Can International Students Get Student Loans to Study in the U.S.?

Top 5 STEM Scholarships for Women

There are many scholarships specifically for women pursuing a STEM degree and career. STEM scholarships for women are offered by companies, professional associations, and nonprofit organizations.

The top five STEM scholarships for women include:

•   Advancing Women in Science Scholarships: Various awards for undergraduate and graduate students who are pursuing degrees in STEM fields and members of the Association of Women in Science.

•   Elevate Women in Technology Scholarship: One $1,040 STEM scholarship for a woman who intends to enter a career that leverages technology to make the world a better place, with preference for a student involved in a STEM field and entrepreneurial endeavors.

•   SAE Women-in-Automotive Scholarship: Thirteen $5,000 scholarships for women with strong academic achievement and who are enrolled in an engineering degree program to pursue a career in the automotive industry.

•   Scholarships for Future Women Engineers: Multiple awards ranging from $2,500 to $20,000 for women pursuing an associates or bachelor’s degree in STEM, manufacturing, or industrial engineering.

•   STEMinist Scholarship: Financial support of up to $5,000 for women of color from the Chicago metropolitan area pursuing a college degree in engineering or a STEM-related field.

Recommended: 10 Popular Scholarships for Women

Full Eligibility Requirements

When browsing STEM scholarships, it’s important to verify that you meet eligibility requirements before spending time and effort applying. There may be minimum GPA and residency requirements for applicants.

Depending on the type of scholarship, students could be required to demonstrate leadership experience, involvement in community service, and other experiences or skills to qualify.

Completing the FAFSA can be a prerequisite to apply and be considered for both need-based awards and merit scholarships.

Recommended: How to Complete the FAFSA Step by Step

The Takeaway

Earning a degree in a STEM field can put you on the path to a rewarding and high-paying career. There are many scholarships for undergraduate and graduate students interested in a variety of STEM-related disciplines. Students can apply every year of school to increase their chances of getting scholarships and grants for college.

Still, many students require additional financing, such as federal and private student loans, to fund their education.

If you’ve exhausted all federal student aid options, no-fee private student loans from SoFi can help you pay for school. The online application process is easy, and you can see rates and terms in just minutes. Repayment plans are flexible, so you can find an option that works for your financial plan and budget.

FAQ

What does STEM scholarship stand for?

A STEM scholarship is a type of free financial aid for students studying science, technology, engineering, or mathematics — a collection of subject areas known as STEM.

What is a STEM scholar?

A STEM scholar is someone who studies an academic discipline related to either science, technology, engineering, or math.

How can I apply for STEM scholarships?

To apply for STEM scholarships, students usually need to complete an online application, provide academic transcripts, and sometimes submit essays or letters of recommendation detailing their interest in a STEM field.

Photo credit: iStock/gorodenkoff

SoFi Private Student Loans
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SoFi Loan Products
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SOISL-Q324-085

If you’re juggling a car loan and student loans, you might be wondering which debt to prioritize. While it’s important to keep up with minimum payments on all your loans, making extra payments on one of these types may help you save money on interest.

The decision of whether to pay off car or student loans first ultimately depends on your personal financial situation, but the considerations in this guide can help you determine which path is best for you.

Understanding Your Debt Types

First, it’s important to understand the difference between student loans and car loans. Student loans may be federal or private, and they might come with fixed or variable interest rates. They’re unsecured loans, meaning they’re not backed by collateral.

Federal student loans qualify for various benefits and plans that can help lower student loan payments, such as income-driven repayment, as well as programs to temporarily pause payments if needed, like deferment and forbearance. Federal student loans are also eligible for forgiveness programs such as Public Service Loan Forgiveness.

Private student loans don’t have as many benefits as federal loans, but some private lenders will let you modify or postpone payments if you run into financial hardship. You might also explore refinancing student loans to see if you can qualify for a lower interest rate or more favorable terms that might help make your payments more manageable.

Car loans, on the other hand, typically have fixed interest rates and they are secured by your vehicle. If you fall behind on car loan payments, a lender can repossess your car. Car loans commonly have repayment terms of 36 to 84 months.

Unlike student loans, auto loans don’t usually offer much flexibility if you’re having trouble making payments. And car loan payments can be costly — the average car payment in 2024 is $734 a month. By comparison, the average student loan payment is estimated to be about $500 when adjusted for inflation in 2024, according to the Education Data Initiative.

Factors to Consider When Prioritizing Debt

There are several things to think about when deciding whether to pay car or student loans first. Some of the main considerations include your loan’s interest rate, tax implications, and repayment terms.

Interest Rates and Total Costs

It typically makes sense to pay off the loan with the highest cost of borrowing first. This usually means the loan with the highest interest rate. If your student loan has a rate of 5.00%, and your car loan has a rate of 10.00%, paying off the car loan would save you more money in the long run.

Along with the interest rate, consider whether the loan carries any other fees, such as a prepayment penalty. Student loans don’t charge penalties for prepayment, but a car loan might. Compare each loan’s annual percentage rate (APR), as this figure takes both interest and fees into account.

Tax Implications and Deductions

Another factor has to do with tax deductions. The student loan interest deduction allows you to deduct up to $2,500 a year in student loan interest from your taxable income, depending on your modified adjusted gross income (MAGI). At certain income limits, student loan tax deduction phase-outs begin. In 2024, if your MAGI is less than $80,000 a year if you’re a single filer, and $165,000 if you’re married and filing jointly, you can qualify for the full deduction. If you earn between $80,000 and $95,000 ($165,000 and $195,000 if married filing jointly), you can make a partial deduction.

Car loans don’t qualify for a tax deduction on interest unless you are self-employed or a business owner and use the vehicle for business.

Loan Terms and Repayment Periods

Student loans tend to have more flexible repayment terms than car loans. Federal student loan borrowers are eligible for various repayment plans, including the Standard plan, which spans 10 years, and the Extended plan, which is 25 years.

Federal loans are also eligible for income-driven repayment (IDR), which adjusts your monthly payments in accordance with your income and might eventually lead to loan forgiveness. Plus, you may qualify to postpone payments through deferment or forbearance if you go back to school or lose your job.

Car loans don’t qualify for many options. You’ll often choose a repayment term of three to seven years and be expected to pay monthly on your agreed-upon rates and terms. If you can’t make payments, the lender can repossess your vehicle.

Benefits of Paying Off Car Loans First

Paying off a car loan before your student loan can have several advantages, especially since car loans don’t have as much repayment flexibility or offer any tax benefits for vehicles that are strictly for personal use. Here are some reasons to consider prioritizing your car loan over your student loans.

Eliminating Secured Debt

Defaulting on a car loan could lead to losing your car. The sooner you can pay off your secured car loan, the sooner you’ll own your car outright and you won’t have to worry about the possibility of car repossession.

Potential Savings on Interest

Car loans may come with higher interest rates than student loans, so paying off the auto loan first could lead to more savings. Let’s say, for example, that you owe $15,000 on a car loan at a 10.00% rate and a $15,000 student loan at a 5.00% rate, and that both loans have five years left on their repayment.

If you put an extra $100 per month toward your car loan, you’d save $1,232 on interest and get out of debt nearly a year and a half sooner. If you put that extra $100 toward your student loans, you’d also get out of debt about a year and a half sooner but you would save just $574 in interest charges. Our student loan payoff calculator can help you crunch the numbers on your student debt.

You could also consider refinancing your car loan for a better rate to help save on interest. This option might be worth exploring if interest rates are lower now than when you originally took out the loan.

Building Equity in Your Vehicle

The faster you pay down your car loan, the more equity you’ll hold in your vehicle. That means you’ll own more of your car outright, which could come in handy if you ever want to sell it. Plus, you’ll be less likely to end up underwater on your car loan, which can happen when the debt you owe on your vehicle exceeds what the vehicle is worth.

Advantages of Prioritizing Student Loans

Although it often makes sense to prepay a car loan before a student loan, there are certain advantages to paying off student loans first. Here are some scenarios where you could benefit from prepaying your education debt:

•   Your student loans have a variable rate: Some private student loans have a variable rate that can increase and make your borrowing costs unpredictable. If you’ve been dealing with a rising variable rate, you may want to pay off those loans as quickly as you can. You might also explore refinancing those loans, which could allow you to switch to a fixed (and potentially lower) interest rate.

•   You’re not using income-driven repayment or loan forgiveness: Federal student loans come with a variety of borrower protections, but you may not require any of them for managing your student loan debt. If you don’t need an IDR plan and you aren’t pursuing loan forgiveness, for instance, you might focus on paying off your federal loan debt.

•   You’re considering filing for bankruptcy: If you’re in dire financial straits, you might be looking into potentially erasing or restructuring your debts through bankruptcy. Although it’s possible to discharge student loans in bankruptcy, the process is notoriously difficult. It may be easier to discharge a car loan through bankruptcy than a student loan.

Develop a Debt Repayment Strategy

Once you’ve decided which loans to pay off first, it’s important to develop a strategy for repayment. Here are some steps to take.

Create a Budget and Debt Snowball

Start with making a budget so you have a clear sense of your income and expenses. Track your spending, and look for areas where you could cut back. By reducing your spending, you might find room in your budget to direct extra payments toward your debt.

There are debt pay-off strategies that can help. For example, with the debt snowball method, you pay off the loan with the smallest balance first. Then you work on paying off the next smallest loan and so on. The debt avalanche, in contrast, targets the loan with the highest interest rate first, and then the loan with the next highest interest rate, and it can save you the most money in the long run.

The debt snowball may not save you as much money as the debt avalanche, but it can be psychologically rewarding to pay off a debt in full before moving onto the next one.

Seek Additional Income Sources

After budgeting and cutting down on spending, you might explore ways to increase your income. This could mean going for a promotion and raise at work or finding a new job. You could also consider taking on a side hustle, such as driving for a ride-sharing service or doing freelance tutoring.

By setting up additional income streams, you’ll have more cash to put toward your loans and get out of debt faster.

Negotiate with Lenders

If you’re looking to modify payments or adjust your interest rate, try negotiating directly with your lender. Notify the lender that you’re having difficulty repaying the loan and see if they might be willing to work with you. Depending on the type of loan it is, the lender might offer a repayment plan or reduce the loan interest rate, for instance. Although there’s no guarantee of success, it’s worth a try.

The Takeaway

While there’s no one-size-fits-all answer to whether you should pay off a car loan or a student loan first, paying off the loan with the highest interest rate can generally save you the most money. For many borrowers that may be their car loan.

If your student loans have high interest rates, you might consider student loan refinance. If you’re eligible for a lower rate, it may help make your payments more manageable. However, refinancing federal student loans makes them ineligible for federal benefits like income-driven repayment, so you’ll want to keep that in mind as you weigh your options.

Looking to lower your monthly student loan payment? Refinancing may be one way to do it — by extending your loan term, getting a lower interest rate than what you currently have, or both. (Please note that refinancing federal loans makes them ineligible for federal forgiveness and protections. Also, lengthening your loan term may mean paying more in interest over the life of the loan.) SoFi student loan refinancing offers flexible terms that fit your budget.

FAQ

Is it better to pay off higher interest debt first?

Paying off high-interest debt first usually makes the most financial sense, since it will save you more money in the long run. However, it’s important to keep up with the minimum payments on all your debts so you don’t end up in delinquency or default.

Can I deduct student loan interest on my taxes?

It depends on your income. The student loan interest deduction lets you deduct the interest you pay on student loans, up to $2,500 a year if your modified adjusted gross income (MAGI) is less than $80,000 for single filers and $165,000 if you’re married and filing jointly. If you earn between $80,000 and $95,000 ($165,000 and $195,000 if married filing jointly), you can make a partial deduction. Anything more than that and you cannot take the student loan interest deduction.

What happens if I default on my car loan or student loans?

A car loan is secured by your vehicle, and if you default on the loan, the lender can repossess your car. Student loans are unsecured, so a lender can’t take your personal property. However, the government can garnish your wages, tax refunds, and Social Security benefits if you default on a federal student loan. Defaulting on private and federal student loans can also damage your credit, and a private lender could potentially take you to court to try to collect the money.

Photo credit: iStock/damircudic

SoFi Student Loan Refinance
SoFi Student Loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891. (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org). SoFi Student Loan Refinance Loans are private loans and do not have the same repayment options that the federal loan program offers, or may become available, such as Public Service Loan Forgiveness, Income-Based Repayment, Income-Contingent Repayment, PAYE or SAVE. Additional terms and conditions apply. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal.

SOSLR-Q324-022

The Health Education Assistance Loan (HEAL) program was created in 1978 to help medical students finance their degrees. The HEAL program worked by insuring loans made by participating lenders to help graduate students in various health care fields — including medicine, dentistry, and clinical psychology — cover the costs of their schooling.

HEAL loans are no longer available; the program was discontinued in 1998. However, there are a number of other ways medical students can finance a degree. In this guide, learn about options that can help borrowers cover the cost of medical school now, as well as what you should know if you’re still paying off HEAL student loan debt from years ago.

Overview of HEAL Student Loans

Getting a medical degree, which typically takes more than 10 years to earn, can be very expensive. The total average medical school debt of graduates is $243,483, according to the Education Data Initiative.

The cost of medical school continues to rise each year. For the class of 2024, four years of attendance at a public school is $276,006, while private school costs $374,476, according to the American Association of Medical Colleges.

Through the HEAL program, from 1978 to 1998, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services insured loans made by lenders to graduate students in the health care field to help them pay for medical school. The loans were insured by the federal government against loss due to borrowers’ death, disability, bankruptcy, or default. The program was meant to ensure that funds would be available to future students who needed them.

Key Features of HEAL Student Loans

With HEAL loans, eligible students could borrow up to $80,000 to help pay their medical education costs. Interest accrued and compounded on the loans while the student was in school and during the nine-month grace period allowed by these loans afterward.

HEAL loans typically had variable compounding interest rates, though lenders could offer fixed rates if they chose. With compounding interest, interest is added to the loan balance, and future interest is calculated on the new higher balance.

Borrowers could take up to 33 years to repay their HEAL loans. Because of the long repayment term, HEAL borrowers may still be paying off their loans.

End of the HEAL Program and Current Status

The HEAL program ended on September 30, 1998. In 2014, outstanding HEAL loans were transferred from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services to the Department of Education. Even though the program ended, borrowers who have outstanding HEAL loans must still repay them.

To simplify the payment process, borrowers who have more than one HEAL loan can consider consolidating their loans into a federal Direct Consolidation loan. Through this process, you pay off your old loans with one new Direct Consolidation loan. Under the new loan, you have one monthly payment. You may also qualify for federal benefits, like income-driven repayment.

If you’re struggling to make your HEAL payments, contact your student loan servicer. Defaulting on HEAL loans has serious repercussions. A borrower’s account can be sent to collections or they can be taken to court, among other consequences. HEAL loans are exempt from statute of limitation laws, so theoretically, a lender can indefinitely pursue a borrower who is in default to try to collect on the loans.

If you’re currently in default on your HEAL loans, contact the Department of Education’s HEAL Program Team at [email protected].

HEAL Loans vs. Current Federal Student Loans

While HEAL loans are no longer available, there are other types of student loans for health professionals, including federal student loans and private student loans.

Medical students can apply for federal financial aid by filling out the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA). Although graduate students are not eligible for Direct subsidized loans, they may qualify for other types of federal loans. They can also apply for private student loans. Here’s more information on each loan type.

Direct unsubsidized loans. With these federal loans, medical students can borrow money unsubsidized. This means the borrower is responsible for paying all of the interest on the loan. The interest begins accruing immediately and continues to accrue while they’re in school. Certain medical graduates may take out up to $40,500 per academic year in Direct unsubsidized loans with an aggregate limit of up to $224,000.

Direct PLUS loans. Often called a graduate PLUS loan, the federal Direct PLUS loan covers the difference between the cost of attending school and any other sources of funding, including Direct unsubsidized loans. A credit check is required to get a Direct PLUS loan. These loans are also unsubsidized and they tend to have higher interest rates than Direct unsubsidized loans.

HRSA loans. The Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA), an agency of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, offers loan programs to some schools; these institutions then offer several different types of low-interest loans to qualifying students in need who are pursuing certain health care degrees. Check with your school to see if they offer HRSA loans and whether you are eligible.

Private student loans. Students can supplement federal student loans with private loans to help pay for medical school. These loans are available from banks, credit unions, and online lenders. Private loans may have fixed or variable interest rates, and the interest rate you’re offered will depend in part on your credit history. If the rate you end up with is higher than you hoped for, you could choose to refinance medical school loans later on if you can qualify for a lower rate or more favorable terms.

Private loans typically don’t offer the same benefits as federal student loans, such as income-driven repayment plans and Public Service Loan Forgiveness. For that reason, students may wish to explore other forms of funding first.

The Takeaway

The HEAL Loan Program ended in 1998, but some medical professionals may still be repaying their HEAL loans. If you have outstanding HEAL loans, you might be able to consolidate them into a federal Direct Consolidation loan and potentially qualify for an income-driven repayment plan, which could make repayment easier. Check with your loan servicer for more information.

Current medical students have a variety of funding options today that could help cover the cost of school, including federal loans and private loans. Explore the different alternatives to decide which type of financing is best for you, and remember that it’s possible to refinance student loans in the future once your medical career is underway.

Looking to lower your monthly student loan payment? Refinancing may be one way to do it — by extending your loan term, getting a lower interest rate than what you currently have, or both. (Please note that refinancing federal loans makes them ineligible for federal forgiveness and protections. Also, lengthening your loan term may mean paying more in interest over the life of the loan.) SoFi student loan refinancing offers flexible terms that fit your budget.

FAQ

Can I still apply for a HEAL loan?

The HEAL program ended in 1998, and these loans are no longer available. However, there are other federal student loans for medical students, including Direct unsubsidized loans, Direct PLUS loans, and HRSA loans through the Health Resources and Services Administration. In addition, there are private student loans for those studying to become medical professionals.

Can HEAL loans be consolidated with other student loans?

Yes, you can consolidate HEAL loans with other federal student loans, including Direct unsubsidized loans, Direct PLUS loans, and Federal Family Education Loans (FFEL), into a Direct consolidation loan. This may allow you to take advantage of income-driven repayment plans and potentially, student loan forgiveness.

What should I do if I’m struggling to repay my HEAL loan?

Contact your loan servicer right away if you’re having trouble repaying your HEAL loan. The servicer can explain your payment options. Whatever you do, avoid missing payments. If you default on HEAL loans, the consequences can be serious. Your account can be sent to collections or you can be taken to court, among other repercussions. If you’re already in default, contact the Department of Education’s HEAL Program Team at [email protected].

Photo credit: iStock/FatCamera

SoFi Student Loan Refinance
SoFi Student Loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891. (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org). SoFi Student Loan Refinance Loans are private loans and do not have the same repayment options that the federal loan program offers, or may become available, such as Public Service Loan Forgiveness, Income-Based Repayment, Income-Contingent Repayment, PAYE or SAVE. Additional terms and conditions apply. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal.

SOSLR-Q324-018

When you file the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA), you’ll answer questions that will determine your status as a dependent or an independent student.

Most students under the age of 24 are considered dependent students. However, students in certain exceptional situations can apply for a dependency override for FAFSA from their school’s financial aid office. The override allows a student to be considered an independent student for financial aid purposes and to exclude parental information on the FAFSA form. This means that only the student’s income and assets will be reported on the FAFSA.

A dependency override can result in more financial aid for a student. Learn about the FAFSA dependency override, the criteria to qualify, and how to apply.

Understanding Dependency Status

A student’s dependency status determines the information they must report when filling out the FAFSA. As part of the steps to complete the FAFSA, dependent students include their parents’ information as well as their own information on the form. Independent students report only their own information on the FAFSA.

According to FAFSA requirements, a dependent student is someone who does not meet any of the criteria of an independent student.

Independent students must be at least one of following:

•   24 or older

•   Married

•   Graduate or professional student

•   Veteran

•   Member of the armed forces

•   An orphan

•   Ward of the court

•   In foster care

•   Someone with legal dependents other than a spouse

•   Emancipated minor

•   Homeless or at risk of becoming homeless

If you meet one or more of the conditions above you are considered an independent student and you’re not required to report information about your parents, including their income, on the FAFSA.

If you don’t meet any of the criteria, but you are unable to include your parents’ information on the FAFSA for very specific reasons, such as cases of abuse or neglect or a parent who is absent from your life or incarcerated, you can file for a FAFSA dependency override. In general, the requirements to qualify for an override are strict.

If you cannot get a dependency override, don’t be discouraged. There is other financial aid you may be eligible for through the FAFSA, including grants, scholarships, and federal student loans.

And keep this in mind: In the future, you can choose to refinance student loans if you can qualify for better rates and terms, which might help make it easier to repay your student loan debt. In other words, you have options.

Recommended: FAFSA Facts for Parents

Eligibility for Dependency Override

As mentioned, the criteria to determine eligibility for a FAFSA dependency override can be strict. That said, don’t be deterred from applying if you think you may qualify.

Qualifying Circumstances

A FAFSA dependency override might be granted to you by your school’s financial aid office if certain circumstances apply to your situation, including the following:

•   An abusive family environment, including sexual, physical, or mental abuse, or domestic violence

•   Abandonment or estrangement by your parents

•   Parents are incarcerated or institutionalized

•   Parents cannot be located

•   Parents are physically or mentally incapacitated

•   Parents are hospitalized for an extended period

What doesn’t qualify for dependency override? Circumstances that are not considered FAFSA dependency override qualifications include:

•   Parents who refuse to help pay for your education

•   Parents who are unwilling to provide information on the FAFSA

•   Parents who refuse to complete FAFSA verification

•   Parents who do not claim the student as a dependent on their taxes

•   Students who are self-supporting and live on their own

Recommended: FAFSA Guide

Documentation Required

Each school has different documentation requirements for the FAFSA dependency override, so it’s best to contact your school directly to find out exactly what’s needed. You may be asked to provide various types of documentation depending on your situation, including:

•   Parental incarceration information such as jail records and sentencing documents

•   Missing person’s reports or police reports for parents who can’t be located

•   Records from homeless shelters or homeless youth centers, and signed statements from counselors or teachers verifying that you’re experiencing homelessness

•   Police, court, medical, and child welfare records that indicate an abusive situation

It’s important to note that if you have been declared homeless or at risk of homelessness by a homeless youth Basic Center, an emergency shelter funded by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, or a school district homelessness liaison, you can qualify as an independent student without applying for a dependency override.

Likewise, if you were in foster care for even one day after the age of 13, you can also qualify as an independent student without applying for an override.

Applying for a Dependency Override

In addition to the FAFSA, your college or university will require you to submit additional information about your situation, including documents, letters, and proof that explains your situation as described above, to apply for a dependency override.

Here are the actions to take as well as some FAFSA tips:

On the FAFSA form, fill out Steps 1, 2, and 3. For Step 4, if you can’t provide parental information due to one of the qualifying circumstances above, leave the step blank and contact your school’s financial aid office immediately to explain your situation and find out how to proceed.

A financial aid officer will give you information about what’s required for the FAFSA dependency override, the documentation you need to provide, and a timeline of how long it might take for your application to be reviewed. Schools have up to 60 days after the student enrolls to make a decision.

It’s vital for students to contact their financial aid office about an override as soon as possible so as not to miss any deadlines for state or institutional aid. In some states and at some schools, the FAFSA must be fully completed in order to determine the student’s FAFSA amount and for students to be considered for these aid opportunities.

The Takeaway

A student may qualify for a FAFSA dependency override in certain situations such as having a parent who is incarcerated or incapacitated. The override allows students to exclude their parents’ information on the FAFSA form and helps determine the amount of financial aid they may receive from their school.

Dependency overrides have specific requirements and may be difficult to qualify for. If you are ineligible, the FAFSA can still help you access student aid, including federal student loans, grants and scholarships.

You can also take out private student loans to help pay for college. You could then refinance them later on if you can qualify for lower rates and better terms.

Looking to lower your monthly student loan payment? Refinancing may be one way to do it — by extending your loan term, getting a lower interest rate than what you currently have, or both. (Please note that refinancing federal loans makes them ineligible for federal forgiveness and protections. Also, lengthening your loan term may mean paying more in interest over the life of the loan.) SoFi student loan refinancing offers flexible terms that fit your budget.

FAQ

What are the reasons for a FAFSA dependency override?

A dependency override for FAFSA can help students in exceptional situations qualify as independent and report only their own financial information, and not their parents’, on the FAFSA form. Students who come from situations of abuse or abandonment, or whose parents are incarcerated, hospitalized for an extended time, or institutionalized, among other situations, may qualify.

How often can you request a dependency override?

Thanks to the FAFSA Simplification Act, which went into effect in the 2024-2025 academic award year, students who qualify for the dependency override no longer need to request or recertify their status each year unless their situation changes. Students must still submit the FAFSA each year, however.

Can the dependency override decision be appealed?

If you’re denied a dependency override, these decisions are final at many colleges and cannot be appealed. However, reach out to your school’s financial aid office to find out if it’s possible to appeal. If it is, get specific instructions from them about how to proceed.

Photo credit: iStock/shapecharge

SoFi Student Loan Refinance
SoFi Student Loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891. (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org). SoFi Student Loan Refinance Loans are private loans and do not have the same repayment options that the federal loan program offers, or may become available, such as Public Service Loan Forgiveness, Income-Based Repayment, Income-Contingent Repayment, PAYE or SAVE. Additional terms and conditions apply. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal.

SOSLR-Q324-017

There are approximately 53 million family caregivers in the U.S., according to the latest data. While caregiving is a labor of love, it can also involve some serious financial challenges. You might have to take time away from your job to care for your loved one, for instance, making it hard to pay your bills and student loans.

Fortunately, there are options that can help, including student loan forgiveness for caregivers. Read on to learn about ways to manage your student loans and get some debt relief.

Managing Student Loans as a Caregiver

Juggling student loan payments and other expenses with caregiving responsibilities can be difficult. Nearly two in 10 caregivers had to leave their job to care for a family member, and four in 10 had to reduce their hours, according to a survey from the Rosalynn Carter Institute for Caregivers. On top of a possible loss of income, many family caregivers are spending money to help their loved ones. Three-quarters of caregivers pay more than $7,200 in out-of-pocket expenses annually related to caregiving, according to a study by the AARP.

Caregivers who are struggling to make federal student loan payments can seek out help by contacting their loan servicer and exploring student loan repayment options and forgiveness programs to avoid missing payments and defaulting on their loans. Federal loan default occurs when you fail to make your scheduled loan payments for at least 270 days. If you go into default, you could suffer credit damage, wage garnishment, and have your tax refunds withheld.

For private student loans, you can contact your lender directly to see how they might be able to help. While private student loan forgiveness options are usually not available, there may be other types of loan modifications the lender might be willing to make.

Another option you may want to consider is to refinance your student loans. If you can qualify for more favorable rates and terms, that might make repayment easier.

Recommended: Student Debt Guide

Forgiveness Programs to Explore

Caregivers may be able to qualify for federal or state forgiveness programs that forgive or cancel the remaining balance of their student loans after a certain amount of time and other specific requirements are met. Here are some forgiveness programs to look into.

Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF). PSLF forgives the remaining balance on your federal Direct loans if you’re employed full-time by the government or not-for-profit organization. To qualify, you need to repay your loans under an income-driven repayment plan or a 10-year standard repayment plan. You must make a total of 120 qualifying monthly payments.

In 2021, and again in 2023, a bill was introduced in Congress to make primary family caregivers for military veterans eligible for PSLF by expanding the definition of “public service job.” The bill is still working its way through Congress, but you may want to keep tabs on it if it applies to your caregiving situation.

Income-Driven Repayment (IDR). IDR offers a pathway to forgiveness. These plans base your monthly student loan payment amount on a percentage of your discretionary income and family size. If you repay your loans under an IDR plan, any remaining balance may be forgiven after 20 or 25 years.

State-specific forgiveness programs. A number of states offer student loan forgiveness programs, and yours may be one of them. For instance, your state may offer forgiveness programs to help certain individuals — particularly those in high-need locations and working in high-need occupations like health care and teaching — pay off some or all of their student loans. Some of these programs forgive both federal and private student loans. Check with your state department of education for more information about these opportunities.

Recommended: Student Loan Forgiveness Guide

Application Process and Documentation

To apply for Public Service Loan Forgiveness, you’ll need to submit a PSLF form by taking the following steps:

1. Make sure you qualify. To be eligible for PSLF, you must have federal Direct subsidized or unsubsidized loans, Direct PLUS loans, or Direct consolidated loans. You must also work full-time for a qualifying employer and be on an IDR plan.

2. Sign up for an IDR plan if you are not already on one. You can sign up at StudentAid.gov. You’ll need a Federal Student Aid (FSA) ID, as well as documentation such as financial information, tax forms, your mailing address, phone number, and email address.

3. Verify that your employer qualifies you for PSLF. The easiest way to do this is to use the PSLF Help Tool. This allows you to see if your employer is in the Department of Education’s database. If they aren’t, you can request that your employer’s eligibility be reviewed.

4. Send the PSLF form to your employer to sign and certify.

5. Sign and submit the fully completed PSLF form.

You’ll need to recertify your employment every year and any time you change jobs to continue to qualify for PSLF.

To apply for state-specific student loan forgiveness, follow the application steps outlined by each plan or program.

Alternatives to Forgiveness for Caregivers

Aside from caregiver student loan forgiveness, there are several other ways to get student loan debt relief. Here are three options to consider.

Deferment: In certain circumstances, including financial hardship, student loan deferment allows you to stop or reduce your payments on your federal student loans for up to three years if you qualify. If you have a subsidized federal loan, interest does not accrue during the deferment period. If you have an unsubsidized federal loan, interest will continue to accrue.

You need to apply for deferment. First, identify the type of deferment you’re requesting, such as economic hardship deferment. Next, fill out and submit a request form to your student loan servicer along with documentation to show that you’re eligible.

Private student loans may or may not offer deferment. Check with your lender.

Forbearance: Similar to deferment, student loan forbearance lets you temporarily stop or reduce your payments for your federal loans if you qualify. However, with forbearance, interest always accrues on your loans and forbearance periods are typically no longer than 12 months.

There are two types of federal forbearance, general and mandatory. To apply, you must identify which type you’re requesting. For family caregivers, general forbearance is likely the most applicable; you may be eligible for it due to financial difficulties, medical expenses, employment changes, or other reasons acceptable to your loan servicer. (Mandatory forbearance is for those serving in AmeriCorps or the National Guard, in a medical or dental internship or residency, or working as a teacher and qualifying for teacher loan forgiveness.) To apply for forbearance, fill out the form for the type of forbearance you’re requesting, and submit it along with documentation showing proof of your financial situation to your loan servicer.

Some private student loans may offer forbearance. Contact your lender to find out.

Student loan refinancing: Another option that might help some family caregivers with their student loans is refinancing. When you refinance, you take out a new loan from a private lender and use it to pay off your existing student loans. The new loan will have a new term and interest rate, which could help some borrowers if they can qualify for a lower rate. Keep in mind, however, that if you extend your loan term to help reduce your monthly payment, you may pay more interest over the life of the loan.

Another important consideration is that if you refinance federal loans, you will no longer qualify for federal benefits such as deferment, forbearance, or income-driven repayment programs. You’ll want to carefully weigh the pros and cons of refinancing.

The Takeaway

If you’re a family caregiver struggling to repay your student loans, there are options that may give you some relief. You might be eligible for Public Service Loan Forgiveness, a state-specific forgiveness program, or an income-driven repayment plan. You can also consider student loan deferment or forbearance to temporarily stop or reduce your payments, or refinance your student loans if you could qualify for more favorable rates or terms. Explore all the possibilities to determine which one can give you the help you need.

Looking to lower your monthly student loan payment? Refinancing may be one way to do it — by extending your loan term, getting a lower interest rate than what you currently have, or both. (Please note that refinancing federal loans makes them ineligible for federal forgiveness and protections. Also, lengthening your loan term may mean paying more in interest over the life of the loan.) SoFi student loan refinancing offers flexible terms that fit your budget.

FAQ

How long does it take to qualify for loan forgiveness?

It typically takes 10 years to qualify for Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF) because you must make 120 qualifying monthly payments under an income-driven repayment (IDR) plan or the standard repayment plan while working for a qualified employer. At that point, your remaining balance is forgiven. If you instead pursue student loan forgiveness under an IDR plan, it takes 20 to 25 years to qualify for forgiveness, depending on the plan.

Can part-time caregivers qualify?

If you are a part-time caregiver who has federal Direct student loans and works full-time for a qualifying employer, you may be eligible for Public Service Loan Forgiveness. Under PSLF, working “full-time” means at least 30 hours a week or whatever your employer’s definition of a full-time job is. You could also pursue forgiveness under an IDR plan as a part-time caregiver. These plans base your monthly payment amount on a percentage of your discretionary income and family size.

What types of student loans are eligible for forgiveness?

Federal Direct student loans are eligible for Public Service Loan Forgiveness through income-driven repayment plans or the standard repayment plan. Various types of student loans —including, in some cases, private student loans — may be eligible for forgiveness through state forgiveness programs. Check with your state to find out.

Photo credit: iStock/urbazon

SoFi Student Loan Refinance
SoFi Student Loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891. (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org). SoFi Student Loan Refinance Loans are private loans and do not have the same repayment options that the federal loan program offers, or may become available, such as Public Service Loan Forgiveness, Income-Based Repayment, Income-Contingent Repayment, PAYE or SAVE. Additional terms and conditions apply. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal.

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