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Sep

2023

Guide to Investing in a Bear Market: 8 Investing Strategies

By Michael Flannelly | Growing Wealth, invest, Investing | Comments Off

While it may seem counterintuitive to invest during a bear market — a prolonged market decline typically of 20% or more — in fact there are opportunities during downturns, if you know where to look and what strategies to use.

Market conditions during a bear market are unusual, and securities may behave in different ways. By knowing which bear market investing strategies might make sense, it’s possible to mitigate losses and possibly realize some gains.

Also, for investors with a long-term wealth-building goal, it’s important to remember that bear markets are often relatively short. So rather than panic, it can help to look for potential investment opportunities that may be beneficial.

How to Invest in a Bear Market: 8 Options

Some investors may be tempted to sell assets during a bear market, content to keep their money in cash while the markets seem to slide. However, there are some bear market investing strategies investors may want to consider.

1. Invest Defensively

The first of these bear market strategies involves buying assets that may increase in price when the overall financial markets decline. Many factors influence which investments perform well during a bear stock market.

Investors may shift their portfolios to defensive stocks, to bigger and more mature companies, and companies in sectors with constant demand such as utilities and food. These may be good assets to hold during bear markets because these stocks tend to hold steady, even in a downturn.

Defensive investments may provide consistent income through dividend payouts (more on that below) while experiencing less volatile share price action during market downturns. Buying assets like these at the beginning of a downturn can be beneficial.

2. Consider Dollar-Cost Averaging

Using a dollar-cost averaging strategy isn’t limited to bear markets; it’s a time-honored practice among many buy-and-hold investors.

Dollar-cost averaging is when you buy a set dollar amount of an investment at regular intervals (e.g. weekly, monthly, quarterly), regardless of whether the markets are up or down. That way, when prices are lower you buy more; when prices are higher you buy less. Otherwise, you might be tempted to buy less when prices drop, and buy more when prices are increasing, based on your emotions.

For example, if you invest $100 in Stock A at $20 per share, you get 5 shares. The following month, say, the price has dropped to $10 per share, but you stay the course and invest $100 in Stock A — and you get 10 shares. Now you own 15 shares of stock A at an average price of $13.33.

💡 Quick Tip: Look for an online brokerage with low trading commissions as well as no account minimum. Higher fees can cut into investment returns over time.

3. Use Short Strategies

One of the more sophisticated bear market trading strategies is placing bets that will rise in value when other investments lose value. This might involve, for example, purchasing put options contracts on stocks that may decline in value. A put option allows investors to benefit from falling share prices.

Shorting stocks to speculate on falling stock prices is another strategy investors can employ. When investors short a stock, they sell borrowed shares and hopefully repurchase them at a lower price. The investor profits when the price they pay to buy back the shares is lower than the price at which they sold the borrowed shares.

Alternatively, investors might consider inverse exchange-traded funds (ETF) as the overall market declines. An inverse ETF tracks a market index and, through complex trading strategies, looks to produce the opposite result of the index. For example, if the S&P 500 index declines, an inverse ETF that tracks the index will hopefully increase in value.

However, using put options, inverse ETFs, and other short strategies involves many nuances that may be complicated for some investors. They are very risky trading strategies that could compound losses if the bets do not work out. Interested investors ought to conduct additional research before considering this strategy.

4. Hold for the Long Haul

During a bear market, it’s not always necessary to do anything special. Investors with a long time horizon sometimes choose to hold on and stay the course, even when a portfolio declines in value. Taking a long-term perspective may pay off well over many years, as the market as a whole tends to trend upward over time.

For example, the bear market that began in December 2007 was over by March 2009, lasting about a year and a half. But the bull market that followed lasted almost eleven years; the S&P 500 index recouped its losses from the bear market by March 2013, and from March 2009 through February 2020, the S&P 500 increased just over 400%

💡 Quick Tip: Newbie investors may be tempted to buy into the market based on recent news headlines or other types of hype. That’s rarely a good idea. Making good choices shouldn’t stem from strong emotions, but a solid investment strategy.

5. Diversify Your Holdings

It also helps if investors have a well-diversified portfolio during any market. Diversifying typically ensures that all of an investor’s eggs are not in one basket, which can help mitigate the risk of loss, since you’re not overexposed in one sector or asset class.

One easy way to accomplish portfolio diversification might be to buy structured securities like ETFs or index funds.

6. Focus on Dividend Stocks

One way to invest during a bear market is to focus on stocks that provide income, i.e. dividend-paying stocks. Typically, these companies are bigger, more established, and growth oriented. And, clearly, they have the ability to give investors a regular payout.

A dividend is a portion of a company’s earnings that is paid to its shareholders, as approved by the board of directors. Companies usually pay dividends quarterly, but they may also be distributed annually or monthly.

Most dividends are paid in cash, on a per-share basis. For example, if the company pays a dividend of 50 cents per share, an investor with 100 shares of stock would receive $50.

Many investors who rely on dividend-paying stocks do so as part of an income investing strategy — which also serves investors during a downturn.

7. Look Toward Growth

While value stocks are generally considered undervalued relative to their actual worth, growth stocks are shares of companies that have the potential for higher earnings, often rising faster than the rest of the market. In addition, growth stocks have shown historic resilience in market downturns.

These companies tend to reinvest their earnings back into their business to continue their company’s growth spurt. Growth investors are betting that a company that’s growing fast now, will continue to grow quickly in the future.

To spot growth stocks, investors look for companies that are not only expanding rapidly but may be leaders in their industry. For example, a company may have developed a new technology that gives it a competitive edge over similar companies.

Recommended: Value vs. Growth Stocks

8. Consider Laying Low

If none of the above bear market strategies appeals to you, there is always the option of “playing dead,” as the saying goes. This derives from the advice given to those in the wilderness who might face a live bear: to not panic or do anything rash or risky.

In the same way, some investors believe the best way to handle a bear market is to stay calm, moving a portion of your portfolio into more secure and stable investments like Treasury bills, bonds, and money market funds.

What Causes a Bear Market and How Long Do They Last?

The causes of bear markets can vary. Sometimes a weak economy is the main cause — e.g. low employment, low productivity, disappointing corporate earnings. But a bear market might also be the result of a sudden shock, like the brief bear market that hit during the early days of the pandemic.

Other events that can spark a bear market might include geopolitical crises, a paradigm shift (e.g. the growth of the digital workforce), or government actions that impact taxes, interest rates, and so forth.

Bear Markets Run Short

As noted above, bull markets generally last far longer on average than bear markets — about 1,752 days for the average bull market versus 363 days for the average bear.

This is another factor to bear in mind if you’re thinking about investing in a bear market. Developing smart bear market investing strategies has to take into account the shorter time frames as well as the unusual market conditions.

Bear Market Investing vs Bull Market Investing

For those investing for the long term, the only real difference between a bear market and a bull market will be a temporary dip in the value of their portfolio. The main goal will be to stay the course. As mentioned, long-term investors often make regular, recurring purchases of financial assets.

During bull markets, a common investment strategy is to buy and hold. This tends to work because bull markets are characterized by most asset classes rising in unison.

However, investors may have to be a little more active with their portfolios during bear markets. Some investors choose to increase the amount of money they put into their investments during market downturns. Their overall strategy remains the same, but buying more assets at lower prices lets them acquire a larger number of assets overall.

For those with a higher risk tolerance looking to make short-term gains (often referred to as speculators), a mix of strategies might be employed. Speculators may look to short the market using puts or inverse ETFs, or research assets likely to increase in value due to current bear market trends.

Invest With SoFi

When the financial markets are in turmoil and your portfolio seems to be in the red, you may be tempted to panic. You may want to sell off your assets to mitigate further losses, content to pocket the cash. However, this sort of strategy may be short-sighted for most investors as it locks in your losses.

Also, you may be setting yourself up to miss a potential rally by getting out of the markets. After all, bear markets are often relatively short-lived and are followed by bull markets.

Ready to invest in your goals? It’s easy to get started when you open an investment account with SoFi Invest. You can invest in stocks, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), mutual funds, alternative funds, and more. SoFi doesn’t charge commissions, but other fees apply (full fee disclosure here).

Invest with as little as $5 with a SoFi Active Investing account.

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Sep

2023

Averaging Down Stocks: Meaning, Example, Pros & Cons

By AJ Smith | Growing Wealth, invest, Investing | Comments Off

Averaging down stocks refers to a strategy of buying more shares of a stock you already own after that stock has lost value — effectively buying the same stock, but at a discount. In other words, it’s a way of lowering the average cost of a stock you already own.

It’s similar to dollar-cost averaging, where you invest the same amount of money in the same securities at steady intervals, regardless of whether the prices are rising or falling.

While this strategy has a potential upside — if the stock price then rises again — it does expose investors to greater risk.

Table of Contents

What Is Averaging Down?
Example of Averaging Down
Why Average Down on Stock
Pros and Cons of Averaging Down
Tips for Averaging Down on Stock
The Takeaway

What Is Averaging Down?

By using the strategy of averaging down and purchasing more of the same stock at a lower price, the investor lowers the average price (or cost basis) for all the shares of that stock in their portfolio.

So if you buy 100 shares at one price, and the price drops 10%, for example, and you decide to buy 100 more shares at the lower price, the average cost of all 200 shares is now lower.

💡 Quick Tip: Look for an online brokerage with low trading commissions as well as no account minimum. Higher fees can cut into investment returns over time.

Example of Averaging Down

Consider this example: Imagine you’ve purchased 100 shares of stock for $70 per share ($7,000 total). Then, the value of the stock falls to $35 per share, a 50% drop.

To average down, you’d purchase 100 shares of the same stock at $35 per share ($3,500). Now, you’d own 200 shares for a total investment of $10,500. This creates an average purchase price of $52.50 per share.

Potential of Gain Averaging Down

If the stock price jumps to $80 per share, your position would be worth $16,000, a $5,500 gain on your initial investment of $10,500. In this case, averaging down helped boost your average return. If you’d simply bought 200 shares at the initial price of $70 ($14,000), you’d only see a gain of $2,000.

Potential Risk of Averaging Down

As with any strategy, there’s risk in averaging down. If, after averaging down, the price of the stock goes up, then your decision to buy more of that stock at a lower price would have been a good one. But the stock continues its downward price trajectory, it would mean you just doubled down on a losing investment.

While averaging down can be successful for long-term investors as part of a buy-and-hold strategy, it can be hard for inexperienced investors to discern the difference between a dip and a warning sign.

Why Average Down on Stock

Some investors may use averaging down stocks as part of other strategies.

1. Value Investing

Value investing is a style of investing that focuses on finding stocks that are trading at a “good value” — in other words, value stocks are typically underpriced. By averaging down, an investor buys more of a stock that they like, at a discount.

But in some cases, a stock may appear undervalued when it’s not. This can lead investors who may not understand how to value stocks into something called a value trap. A value trap is when a company has been trading at low valuation metrics (e.g. the P/E ratio or price-to-book value) for some time.

While it may seem like a bargain, if it’s not a true value proposition the price is likely to decline further.

2. Dollar-Cost Averaging

For some investors, averaging down can be a way to get more money into the market. This is a similar philosophy to the strategy known as dollar-cost averaging, as noted above, where the idea is to invest steadily regardless of whether the market is down or up, to reap the long-term average gains.

3. Loss Mitigation

Some investors turn to this strategy to help dig out of the very hole that the lower price has put them into. That’s because a stock that has lost value has to grow proportionally more than it fell in order to get back to where it started. Again, an example will help:

Let’s say you purchase 100 shares at $75 per share, and the stock drops to $50, that’s a 33% loss. In order to regain that lost value, however, the stock needs to increase by 50% (from $50 to $75) before you can see a profit.

Averaging down can change the math here. If the stock drops to $50 and you buy another 100 shares, the price only needs to increase by 25% to $62.50 for the position to be profitable.

Pros and Cons of Averaging Down

As you can see, averaging down stocks is not a black-and-white strategy; it requires some skill and the ability to weigh the advantages and disadvantages of each situation.

Pros of Averaging Down

The primary benefit to averaging down is that an investor can buy more of a stock that they want to own anyway, at a better price than they paid previously — with the potential for gains.

Whether to average down should as much be a decision about the desire to own a stock over the long-term as it is about the recent price movement. After all, recent price changes are only one part of a stock’s analysis.

If the investor feels committed to the company’s growth and believes that its stock will continue to do well over longer periods, that could justify the purchase. And, if the stock in question ultimately turns positive and enjoys solid growth over time, then the strategy will have been a success.

Cons of Averaging Down

The averaging down strategy requires an investor to buy a stock that is, at the moment, losing value. And it is always possible that this fall is not temporary — and is actually the beginning of a larger decline in the company and/or its stock price. In this scenario, an investor who averages down may have just increased their holding in a losing investment.

Price change alone should not be an investor’s only indication to buy more of any stock. An investor with plans to average down should research the cause of the decline before buying — and even with careful research, projecting the trajectory of a stock can be difficult.

Another potential downside is that the averaging down strategy adds to one particular position, and therefore can affect your asset allocation. It’s always wise to consider the implications of any shift in your portfolio’s allocation, as being overweight in a certain asset class could expose you to greater risk of loss.

💡 Quick Tip: It’s smart to invest in a range of assets so that you’re not overly reliant on any one company or market to do well. For example, by investing in different sectors you can add diversification to your portfolio, which may help mitigate some risk factors over time.

Tips for Averaging Down on Stock

If you are going to average down on a stock you own, be sure to take a few preparatory steps.

• Have an exit strategy. While it may be to your benefit to buy the dip, you want to set a limit should the price continue to fall.

• Do your research. In order to understand whether a stock’s price drop is really an opportunity, you may need to understand more about the company’s fundamentals.

• Keep an eye on the market. Market conditions can impact stock price as well, so it’s wise to know what factors are at play here.

The Takeaway

To recap: What is averaging down in stocks? Simply put, averaging down is a strategy where an investor buys more of a stock they already own after the stock has lost value.

The idea is that by buying a stock you own (and like) at a discount, you lower the average purchase price of your position as a whole, and set yourself up for gains if the price should increase. Of course, the fly in the ointment here is that it can be quite tricky to predict whether a stock price has simply taken a dip or is on a downward trajectory — so there are risks to the averaging down strategy for this reason.

Invest with as little as $5 with a SoFi Active Investing account.

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Sep

2023

A Guide to Ivy League Colleges

By Susannah Gruder | Going to College, Life & Career, Student Loans, student_loan | Comments Off

The Ivy League is made up of eight elite private colleges, all of which are based in the Northeast. Being accepted to an Ivy League college is something some students work toward all their lives — but there’s more to gaining admission to these schools than good grades and a long list of extracurriculars.

With admission rates now hovering in the 3.4% to 5% range, there’s a heightened sense of competition among top students in high schools across the country and around the world.

Read on to learn more about Ivy League colleges, including which schools are considered “Ivies,” the benefits of going to an Ivy League college, how much they cost, and ways to make your application stand out.

What Are the Different Ivy League Schools?

Named for their ivy-covered campuses, the eight private colleges that make up the Ivy League have many things in common. However, each school has its own unique reputation and characteristics that attract different kinds of students. Here’s a closer look at these top-ranked schools.

💡 Quick Tip: You can fund your education with a low-rate, no-fee private student loan that covers all school-certified costs.

Brown University

Located in Providence, Rhode Island, Brown is known for its humanities programs as well as its Warren Alpert Medical School. Its open curriculum allows for a relatively free-form educational model where students are encouraged to take classes they like without having to accumulate certain requirements. Brown also gives students the option of taking as many classes as they want on the basis of pass-fail.

Columbia University

Located in New York City, Columbia is one of the most diverse Ivy League schools with 46% of undergraduates identifying as students of color. It also has one of the highest percentages of international students at any Ivy League, with 13% of its student body coming from foreign countries. This cosmopolitan college is host to renowned business, journalism, and law schools, and requires students to adhere to its core curriculum, which focuses largely on liberal arts.

Cornell University

Located in Ithaca, New York, Cornell is one of the largest Ivy League universities, occupying a sprawling campus in this scenic upstate town. Known for its agriculture and engineering schools, Cornell also has strong Greek life and a wide range of athletic programs.

Dartmouth College

Located in Hanover, New Hampshire, Dartmouth is the most rural of the Ivies, drawing a student body interested in the outdoors and Greek life — around 60% of students participate in sororities or fraternities. Its somewhat smaller student body allows for more one-on-one attention in classes and a strong sense of community on campus.

Harvard University

Located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard encourages students to take a wide range of courses through their general education requirements, which allows students to broaden their interests and take advantage of intellectual curiosities. The school has 12 residential houses that seek to foster a sense of community in an otherwise imposing setting.

The University of Pennsylvania

Located in Philadelphia, Penn is known for its four distinct undergraduate colleges, including the Wharton School of Business and the College of Arts and Science. Students have the option of taking part in Greek life, and are also encouraged to explore opportunities in the greater Philadelphia area, from internships to the wide array of cultural events available.

Princeton University

Located in Princeton, New Jersey, Princeton University offers either a liberal arts or engineering and applied science degree for undergraduate students, with both programs including general education requirements. Princeton is known for its international affairs and engineering programs, as well as their storied eating clubs, which serve as coed dining halls and social centers for students, and are comparable to non-residential fraternities or sororities.

Yale University

Located in New Haven, Connecticut, Yale University is known for its creative writing and arts programs, as well as a residential college program and an array of secret societies. It’s also home to a renowned graduate drama program and law school.

Recommended: Ultimate College Application Checklist

Benefits of Attending an Ivy League School

For those who get that coveted acceptance letter, the benefits can be worth the years of hard work it took to get in. From growing your network to gaining access to world-renowned resources and professors at the top of their field, attending an Ivy League school can set students on an accelerated path to intellectual and professional success.

Having an Ivy League school on your resume may open countless doors when it comes to applying for jobs, fellowships, or graduate programs and may provide a leg up when it comes to advancing your career.

The amount of funding available at Ivy League schools can also be a major draw. All Ivy League schools have need-blind admissions policies, meaning that admissions officers will not look at a student’s financial need when considering their application. They also have a promise to meet 100% of demonstrated financial need based on household income.

Brown, Columbia, Harvard, and Princeton take things one step further, packaging aid with no loans for each student. Ivy League schools also have incredible funding opportunities for research and travel for students, allowing them to broaden their interests and perspectives.

The Cost of an Ivy League School and Options for Paying for Tuition

All of the Ivy League schools are private universities, which usually implies a hefty price for tuition. The average undergraduate tuition for an Ivy League school for the 2022-2023 school year was $59,961, plus room and board. But due to these universities’ impressive endowments, ranging from Brown’s $5.6 billion to Harvard’s staggering $53.2 billion, these schools are able to offer generous financial aid packages to prospective students.

While Ivy League schools do not offer merit-based or athletic scholarships, there are generally a wide variety of need-based scholarships awarded to students depending on their household income.

A student’s household income is equal to the combined gross income of all people occupying the household unit who are 15 years of age or older. Among Brown’s class of 2025, for example, 99% of students with household incomes below $60,000 received an average of $80,013 in annual financial assistance — nearly full rides, including room and board. For families making between $100,000 and $125,000, 98% of students received an average of $56,538 in annual need-based aid.

In addition to aid offered by Ivy League schools directly, students or their parents may choose private student loans to help ease the burden of paying college tuition and expenses.

Students will generally want to exhaust all ffederal student aid options (which include grants, scholarships, work-study, and federal student loans) before considering private student loans. But if there is still a gap between federal student aid and the remaining cost of attendance, a private loan may be an option for some students.

💡 Quick Tip: It’s a good idea to understand the pros and cons of private student loans and federal student loans before committing to them.

GPA Requirements for Ivy League Schools

An impressive grade point average (GPA) is only one aspect of a student’s college application. However, to even be considered for admission to an Ivy League school, students may want to see if their own GPA falls within the average for admitted students. Among the Ivies that release statistics on accepted students’ GPAs, the average weighted GPA is about 4.0, meaning mostly As.

How to Make an Application More Competitive

In addition to a high GPA and impressive SAT and/or ACT scores, prospective students will need to prove themselves in other ways to gain admission to an Ivy League school.

Excelling in advanced courses, like honors and Advanced Placement (AP) classes throughout high school may improve students’ chances of admissions, especially if students show a particular area of interest, like science or humanities.

While in the past, college admissions counselors would advise students to be “well-rounded” candidates, it’s now advisable to develop and demonstrate a passion for a particular subject area, which helps Ivies to build a more overall well-rounded student body.

Students can show their interests beyond academics by taking part in extracurricular activities. By engaging in activities early in high school and growing that interest over time, students show their commitment and enthusiasm for a particular area.

Strong interviews and letters of recommendation can also improve a student’s application, along with a strong personal essay. Ivy League admissions teams look for essays that highlight a student’s best qualities, perhaps expressed through a personal anecdote or description of a unique passion that displays a candidate’s distinctive character.

Hitting the “Submit” Button

Following the tips above may help improve a student’s Ivy League application, helping to gain admission to one or more of the most prestigious universities in the world. Of course, there are many schools that have the same academic rigor of an Ivy League, and it’s generally advisable to sprinkle in one or two “safety” schools for good measure.

But once a student has decided they want to apply to an Ivy League school, determined which is the right one for them, applied for financial aid, and completed their applications, it’s time to hit submit!

The Takeaway

If you’re hoping to attend an Ivy League college, you’ll want to consider each school’s admission rate, along with its particular academic program and financial aid statistics, to determine which is the right school to apply to.

However, it can be helpful to apply to a range of schools, both in terms of admission’s standards and tuition costs. This will give you options in case a school’s financial aid package isn’t as generous as you hoped.

If you’ve exhausted all federal student aid options, no-fee private student loans from SoFi can help you pay for school. The online application process is easy, and you can see rates and terms in just minutes. Repayment plans are flexible, so you can find an option that works for your financial plan and budget.

Cover up to 100% of school-certified costs including tuition, books, supplies, room and board, and transportation with a private student loan from SoFi.

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Sep

2023

Importance of Joining a High School Club

By Brandi Lucey | Student Loans, student_loan | Comments Off

If you are gearing up to go to college, you are likely focused on maintaining a good GPA and prepping for the SAT or ACT. However, those aren’t the only factors that will get you into your dream school. Getting involved in extracurriculars in high school is often just as important as academics.

One type of extracurricular that you may want to consider is joining a club. High schools usually have a variety of clubs available for students to join. Joining a club comes with many benefits and can also make your high school experience more fun and memorable. Read on to learn more about why clubs are important and how to get involved.

Benefits of Joining a Club

The list of things-to-do while in high school can seem pretty overwhelming at times, especially when you add college preparation to the mix. There are classes to stay on top of, events and parties to attend, and soon enough college applications roll around. Balancing coursework and a social life can be a struggle, but one way to combine social life with college preparation is by joining a club.

There are a lot of benefits to joining a high school club. Many colleges like to see that applicants are well-rounded, so academic success isn’t the only way to stand out among other applicants. Clubs provide colleges with insight into what a student’s interests and passions are. In addition, they help students develop time management skills and responsibility.

Learning to balance work and fun while in high school can help make it easier to maintain that balance after entering college.

Joining a club in high school can also provide an opportunity for students to relax and have some fun. Having fun is a vital piece of creating a memorable high school experience and it can help students perform better in class.

Not only is the social time enjoyable for some students, but participation in clubs can also help students develop their “soft” skills, such as effective communication and learning to work with others.

In addition to making friends, being in a club gives students the opportunity to bond with their faculty advisor, who is usually a teacher. Building a relationship with teachers during high school is important for getting quality letters of recommendation to add to those college applications.

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Common High School Clubs

The list of high school clubs that are available at each school will differ. Generally, a school will have a variety of clubs available. These can range from clubs that are academic, like a foreign language club, to clubs that are artistic, like a creative writing club, or something that’s related to a student’s hobbies, like a video games club.

Usually, high schools will also have clubs that participate in some kind of volunteer work or community service. These can be clubs that do work in the community hospitals, in meal programs for the homeless or elderly, and much more.

Some clubs are high tech, like the robotics club, and some are more old-school, like the chess club. Schools will usually have a lot of variety in the types of clubs that exist, and there may be some clubs that are unique to just your school. Since students can often start their own clubs, there isn’t one set list of clubs that will exist at every school.

Starting a Club

If students don’t like the selection of clubs available at their school (why doesn’t every school have a waffle club?) then they are generally able to start their own. Starting a new club has a lot of benefits for the students who choose to put in the work to get one up and running.

There is no list of “correct” clubs to start in high school, most colleges value students who show commitment to something they care about. It’s about the quality of the activities they spend time in, not the quantity.

Seeing that a student has started a new club will show college admissions that the student has developed leadership and organizational abilities. Starting a club shows initiative, and sometimes, students who start clubs will end up in one of the leadership positions, like President, Vice President, Secretary, or Treasurer.

Each school will have its own process for starting a club, but there are a few steps that will be the same everywhere. The first step is, of course, figuring out what the club is about. Is it going to focus on community service, something academic? Will it be focused more on fun and entertainment?

After a topic for the club is chosen, students should figure out what the purpose and goals of the club are. If the club is about chess, will students be learning how to play? Will club members be entering tournaments together? Figuring out the purpose of the club and what its goals are before members join will help limit confusion and manage everyone’s expectations.

At most schools, the club will have to get registered after its name and purpose are defined by founding members. Registering the club makes it official and once this step is complete students can actually begin enjoying their club.

What’s next? Gaining new members and planning the first club meeting. Once the club is official and ready to start, it’s time to focus on recruitment and preparing for the first meeting.

Students should choose a date, time, and location for the first meeting before recruiting, that way they have information to give interested students on when activities will be beginning.

Before the meeting, club members should know what they plan on discussing with the new recruits and how long they want the meeting to last. Usually, the first meeting is a good time to go over the club’s purpose and goals and to get contact information from the new members.

Sometime in the first few meetings, it may be a good idea to assign leadership roles for the club. These usually include President, Vice President, Secretary, and Treasurer. The way these roles function can differ from club to club, but their usual responsibilities are as follows:

•   The President will lead the club and supervise meetings and activities.
•   The Vice President assists the President and takes over their roles whenever the Present isn’t available.
•   The Secretary takes notes during meetings and helps keep all members up to date on the club’s plans.
•   The Treasurer will manage the club’s budget and keep track of expenses.

Assigning leadership roles will help keep the club running smoothly and make it easier for the club to meet its goals.

💡 Quick Tip: It’s a good idea to understand the pros and cons of private student loans and federal student loans before committing to them.

Planning Ahead for College

It’s really never too soon to start planning, as well as saving, for college. The process of researching schools and then applying can be time-consuming, so the earlier students begin their research, the less last-minute cramming they’ll have to do.

A vital piece of planning for college is figuring out how to finance college. Most schools come with a pretty large price tag, but there are a variety of ways that students can help fund their college tuition.

To apply for federal financial aid, students will need to fill out the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA). This will allow you to find out if you are eligible for different forms of financial aid, including grants, scholarship, federal student loans, and work-study. Grants and scholarships usually do not need to be repaid, whereas loans do need to be repaid.

It’s recommended that students exhaust their federal aid options before looking into private student loans. Federal loans come with certain benefits that private loans do not.

If students are not eligible for federal aid, or the financial aid they receive is not enough to meet their needs, there are other options, such as private scholarships and private student loans.

Scholarships are widely available and the eligibility criteria varies for each one. Some scholarships are need-based, while others are merit-based. Scholarships are available through schools, local communities, and corporations.

Taking out private student loans is another option for helping to fund a college education. These loans are available through private lenders, including banks, credit unions, and online lenders. Rates and terms vary, depending on the lender. Generally, borrowers (or cosigners) who have strong credit qualify for the lowest rates.

Cover up to 100% of school-certified costs including tuition, books, supplies, room and board, and transportation with a private student loan from SoFi.

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

SoFi Private Student Loans
Please borrow responsibly. SoFi Private Student Loans are not a substitute for federal loans, grants, and work-study programs. You should exhaust all your federal student aid options before you consider any private loans, including ours. Read our FAQs. SoFi Private Student Loans are subject to program terms and restrictions, and applicants must meet SoFi’s eligibility and underwriting requirements. See SoFi.com/eligibility-criteria for more information. To view payment examples, click here. SoFi reserves the right to modify eligibility criteria at any time. This information is subject to change.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

SOIS0823019

Sep

2023

Partial Payments for Debts

By Kevin Brouillard | Budgeting & Goals, Financial Independence, money | Comments Off

Whether you’re paying for college, buying a house, or starting a business, it’s common to take on debt at some point in your life. Repaying that debt typically involves making a fixed or minimum monthly payment by a certain day each month.

But what happens if money is tight and you don’t have enough to make that monthly payment?

It might seem like making a partial payment is better than paying nothing at all. However, that’s not necessarily the case. Depending on the lender or creditor, a partial payment may be looked at the exact same way as a late or missed payment.

Though partial payments might help lower your balance and reduce the interest that accrues on your debt, lenders and creditors generally don’t see them as on-time payments and may still consider your account as in default.

If you’re thinking about making partial payments, here’s what you can expect to happen — and what you can do instead.

What is a Partial Payment?

A partial payment on a debt is any payment smaller than the minimum amount due, as specified by the creditor.

Credit cards have minimum payment amounts, which can vary depending on your balance and annual percentage rate (APR). Other types of debt, such as car loans and mortgages, typically have set monthly payments that don’t vary as much.

Partial payments typically do not typically satisfy a creditor’s payment requirements for loans, credit cards, and other debt. And, not paying the full amount could be treated the same as a missed payment.

Why Do Customers Make Partial Payments?

Generally, customers make partial payments if they’re dealing with financial hardship or other money issues that make them unable to cover all their monthly expenses.

Even a sound budget can go off the rails when emergency expenses, such as medical bills or car repairs, arise. When bills are due, paying for necessities, like food, housing, and utilities, are usually a higher priority than long-term debt.

People who are out of work due and collecting unemployment benefits may also consider making partial payments on debt for a period of time.

An unexpected turn of events, such as job loss or a major bill you didn’t see coming, are examples of why financial experts recommend starting an emergency fund. Ideally, you’d have three to six months’ worth of basic living expenses socked away.

Does a Partial Payment Affect Your Credit Score?

It could. If you pay less than the minimum amount due on a credit card or loan, it likely won’t satisfy your creditors, and they will still consider it a missed payment. In addition to hitting you with a late fee, they may also report to the credit bureaus that your payment is late.

By law, creditors can’t notify credit bureaus of a late payment until it’s 30 days past the due date. Paying the remainder of what you owe for that month prior to the 30-day mark can keep a late payment from showing up on a credit score, though you could still be liable for fees and penalties set by the creditor for making a late payment.

Because your payment history makes up 35% of your FICO® Score, having a late payment on your record can cause your score to drop.

Lenders consider a borrower’s repayment track record as a primary indicator of their ability to pay back future debt, which is why payment history is the largest component of most credit scores. Paying on time, all the time, can help build your credit score.

The impact of late and partial payments on your credit score will vary based on your existing credit history and how far behind you are on payments. Accounts that go unpaid for several months will do more harm to a credit score than a single late payment.

Over time, the impact of a late payment on your score will diminish and, after seven years, it will be removed from your credit report.

💡 Quick Tip: Are you paying pointless bank fees? Open a checking account with no account fees and avoid monthly charges (and likely earn a higher rate, too).

Other Downsides of Making a Partial Payment

Falling short of what you owe can create other issues besides putting a dent in your credit score. Creditors may impose fees and take additional measures to secure repayment.

Here’s a closer look at what could happen if you only make partial payments on these common types of debt.

Auto Loans

What happens to your auto loan will depend on your agreement and history with the lender. If you’ve never missed a payment before, they may be willing to accept a partial payment for now.

Depending on the state, defaulting on your car loan can mean vehicle repossession, which can involve selling the car at public auction or electronic disabling the car to prevent it from being used. It can be a good idea to check the contract terms to learn what the lender is authorized to do and when.

Credit Cards

Unless you’ve come to a prior agreement with the credit card company, partial payments likely won’t satisfy your account’s minimum payment requirements. That’s not, unfortunately, how credit cards work.

Even if you pay something towards the bill, your account will likely still become delinquent, and the credit card company may report the late payments to the credit bureaus.

Failing to pay the minimum amount on a credit card bill also typically comes with late fees. Delaying payment further can result with additional consequences, such as freezing your credit card and sending your debt to a collection agency.

Mortgages

Making partial payments on a mortgage can be considered defaulting on the loan and even trigger the foreclosure process.

Prior to foreclosure, borrowers will likely incur late fees and receive a notice of default when the mortgage payment is a few months past due.

In general, a foreclosure can’t begin until 120 days after the first missed mortgage payment. That means you have some time to pay the amount that’s past due before the lender starts the foreclosure process.

Student Loans

Getting out of student debt typically doesn’t involve partial payments. Paying less than the minimum due on student loans could cause them to become delinquent one day after the payment due date unless alternative arrangements are made with lenders.

With federal student loans, your loans typically enter default when you miss or only make partial payments for 270 days. The lender can then report the default to the credit bureaus. In addition, the government can garnish your wages, and even keep your tax refund.

A possible exception: If you have an income-driven federal student loan repayment plan, your monthly payment could be as low as $0 if your income dips low enough.

With private student loans, the rules will depend on the lender. If you remain delinquent for 90 days or more, the delinquency may be reported to the credit bureaus. If the account continues to be delinquent, you could fall into default, at which point private lenders can take legal action.

Alternatives to Making Partial Payments

Before making a partial payment, you may want to consider some alternatives:

Reaching Out to Your Creditor

It can be a good idea to contact the creditor or lender before the payment is due to explain your situation and what you can afford to pay that month.

You may also want to ask about a “hardship repayment plan.” This type of plan could potentially allow you the option of minimal or no payment, a temporary reduction or suspension in account interest, or interest-only payments.

You may want to keep in mind, however, that interest-only payments won’t decrease your principal — or the size of your loan. Some programs last a month, and others up to six months or so.

Contacting a Nonprofit Credit Counseling Agency

Nonprofit credit counseling agencies can help by negotiating lower interest rates with your current creditors. This can often result in lower monthly payments. If you are able to work out a plan, the payment you make may no longer be considered a “partial payment,” but instead an agreed-upon amount.

Considering Debt Consolidation

If you have multiple credit cards with high-interest rates and you’re having trouble paying the minimum on each, you may want to look into whether a debt consolidation program might help. The process involves taking out a personal loan at a bank or other reputable lender and then using it to pay off your credit cards.

You then end up with one loan to pay back, ideally at a lower interest rate. Typically, a closed-end loan like a personal loan means higher monthly payments, since personal loans have fixed terms. This is great news for borrowers who want to pay down their debt sooner, but it might not be the right choice for everyone.

Recommended: 6 Strategies for Becoming Debt Free

The Takeaway

If cash flow is tight, you might consider making a partial payment on a debt, hoping that paying something will prevent a late fee or a late payment from showing up on your credit report.

However, borrowers don’t typically get any extra credit for making a partial effort. If the monthly minimum or fixed payment hasn’t been paid in full, the lender will likely mark the payment as missed.

While partial payments may help chip away at your account balance, you can still end up facing fees, a reduced credit score, and potentially loan default.

If you’re unable to make full payments on your debt, it can be a good idea to contact your creditor as soon as possible and see if they may be able to offer alternative payment plans, forbearance, or postponement. Budgeting and tracking your spending can help you stay on track; many banks offer helpful tools for these tasks.

Interested in opening an online bank account? When you sign up for a SoFi Checking and Savings account with direct deposit, you’ll get a competitive annual percentage yield (APY), pay zero account fees, and enjoy an array of rewards, such as access to the Allpoint Network of 55,000+ fee-free ATMs globally. Qualifying accounts can even access their paycheck up to two days early.

Better banking is here with SoFi, NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Checking Account Overall.* Enjoy up to 4.30% APY on SoFi Checking and Savings.

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SoFi members with direct deposit activity can earn 4.30% annual percentage yield (APY) on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Direct Deposit means a recurring deposit of regular income to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government benefit payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Deposits that are not from an employer or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, or are non-recurring in nature (e.g., IRS tax refunds), do not constitute Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate. SoFi members with direct deposit are eligible for other SoFi Plus benefits.

As an alternative to direct deposit, SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits can earn 4.30% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Qualifying Deposits means one or more deposits that, in the aggregate, are equal to or greater than $5,000 to an account holder’s SoFi Checking and Savings account (“Qualifying Deposits”) during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Qualifying Deposits only include those deposits from the following eligible sources: (i) ACH transfers, (ii) inbound wire transfers, (iii) peer-to-peer transfers (i.e., external transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc. and internal peer-to-peer transfers from a SoFi account belonging to another account holder), (iv) check deposits, (v) instant funding to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, (vi) push payments to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, and (vii) cash deposits. Qualifying Deposits do not include: (i) transfers between an account holder’s Checking account, Savings account, and/or Vaults; (ii) interest payments; (iii) bonuses issued by SoFi Bank or its affiliates; or (iv) credits, reversals, and refunds from SoFi Bank, N.A. (“SoFi Bank”) or from a merchant. SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits are not eligible for other SoFi Plus benefits.

SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder’s Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits throughout each 30-Day Evaluation Period to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility. The 30-Day Evaluation Period refers to the “Start Date” and “End Date” set forth on the APY Details page of your account, which comprises a period of 30 calendar days (the “30-Day Evaluation Period”). You can access the APY Details page at any time by logging into your SoFi account on the SoFi mobile app or SoFi website and selecting either (i) Banking > Savings > Current APY or (ii) Banking > Checking > Current APY. Upon receiving a Direct Deposit or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits to your account, you will begin earning 4.30% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% on checking balances on or before the following calendar day. You will continue to earn these APYs for (i) the remainder of the current 30-Day Evaluation Period and through the end of the subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period and (ii) any following 30-day Evaluation Periods during which SoFi Bank determines you to have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits without interruption.

SoFi Bank reserves the right to grant a grace period to account holders following a change in Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits activity before adjusting rates. If SoFi Bank grants you a grace period, the dates for such grace period will be reflected on the APY Details page of your account. If SoFi Bank determines that you did not have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits during the current 30-day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, then you will begin earning the rates earned by account holders without either Direct Deposit or Qualifying Deposits until you have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits in a subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period. For the avoidance of doubt, an account holder with both Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits will earn the rates earned by account holders with Direct Deposit.

Members without either Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits, as determined by SoFi Bank, during a 30-Day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, will earn 1.20% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances.

Interest rates are variable and subject to change at any time. These rates are current as of 10/8/2024. There is no minimum balance requirement. Additional information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

SOBK0823008

Guide to Investing in a Bear Market: 8 Investing Strategies

How to Invest in a Bear Market: 8 Options

1. Invest Defensively

2. Consider Dollar-Cost Averaging

3. Use Short Strategies

4. Hold for the Long Haul

Get up to $1,000 in stock when you fund a new Active Invest account.*

Access stock trading, options, auto investing, IRAs, and more. Get started in just a few minutes.

5. Diversify Your Holdings

6. Focus on Dividend Stocks

7. Look Toward Growth

8. Consider Laying Low

What Causes a Bear Market and How Long Do They Last?

Bear Markets Run Short

Bear Market Investing vs Bull Market Investing

Invest With SoFi

Averaging Down Stocks: Meaning, Example, Pros & Cons

What Is Averaging Down?

Example of Averaging Down

Potential of Gain Averaging Down

Potential Risk of Averaging Down

Why Average Down on Stock

1. Value Investing

2. Dollar-Cost Averaging

3. Loss Mitigation

Get up to $1,000 in stock when you fund a new Active Invest account.*

Access stock trading, options, auto investing, IRAs, and more. Get started in just a few minutes.

Pros and Cons of Averaging Down

Pros of Averaging Down

Cons of Averaging Down

Tips for Averaging Down on Stock

The Takeaway

A Guide to Ivy League Colleges

What Are the Different Ivy League Schools?

Brown University

Columbia University

Cornell University

Dartmouth College

Harvard University

The University of Pennsylvania

Princeton University

Yale University

Benefits of Attending an Ivy League School

The Cost of an Ivy League School and Options for Paying for Tuition

GPA Requirements for Ivy League Schools

How to Make an Application More Competitive

Hitting the “Submit” Button

The Takeaway

Importance of Joining a High School Club

Benefits of Joining a Club

Common High School Clubs

Starting a Club

Planning Ahead for College

Partial Payments for Debts

What is a Partial Payment?

Why Do Customers Make Partial Payments?

Get up to $300 when you bank with SoFi.

Does a Partial Payment Affect Your Credit Score?

Other Downsides of Making a Partial Payment

Auto Loans

Credit Cards

Mortgages

Student Loans

Alternatives to Making Partial Payments

Reaching Out to Your Creditor

Contacting a Nonprofit Credit Counseling Agency

Considering Debt Consolidation

The Takeaway

CATEGORIES

JOIN THE COMMUNITY

Student Loan Refinancing

Personal Loans

Online Investments

Other

Student Loan
Refinancing

Personal
Loans

Online
Investments