8 Medical School Loan Forgiveness Programs for Doctors
Doctors have the potential to earn a good salary after graduating medical school and completing their residency — the average primary care physician in the U.S. earns about $260,000, according to a 2022 report by Medscape. But they also typically end up owing hundreds of thousands dollars in student loan debt.
Getting the education and training required to practice medicine in the U.S. is a long and expensive endeavor. Fortunately, there are forgiveness programs and repayment options that can help. Read on to learn about eight medical school loan forgiveness programs that doctors can use to relieve their student debt burden, plus other methods that could make it easier to manage student loan payments.
Key Points
• There are a number of programs that offer medical school loan forgiveness for doctors, including federal and state initiatives.
• Public Service Loan Forgiveness requires 120 payments and full-time work for a qualifying employer.
• The National Health Service Corps Loan Repayment Program can erase up to $75,000 in medical student debt for a two-year commitment.
• State-based initiatives aim to attract health care professionals to underserved areas with specific eligibility criteria.
• Other options for managing medical school loan debt include income-driven repayment plans, federal loan consolidation, employer repayment programs, and student loan refinancing.
Physician Student Loan Forgiveness
According to the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC), the average medical school debt in 2024 was more than $200,000. Add the cost of interest, and some doctors can end up paying $400,000 or more over the life of their loans.
If you are dealing with medical school loans, here are some of the student loan forgiveness programs that might help you pay down — or even erase — your debt.
1. Public Service Loan Forgiveness
The Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF) program was created by the Department of Education to encourage college graduates, including doctors, to consider public service careers.
Doctors who make 120 qualifying student loan payments while working full-time for a qualifying government, nonprofit, or public health employer, may be eligible to have their remaining federal loan balance erased through the PSLF program. The amount that’s forgiven is not subject to federal taxes.
Participants in the PSLF program must meet several requirements. Only Federal Direct Loans are eligible. (Federal Family Education Loans, Parent Plus loans, and Perkins loans must be consolidated to a Direct Consolidation Loan to qualify.) And you must be on a qualifying repayment plan, such as an income-driven repayment plan.
You can get more information about PSLF at the Federal Student Aid website. While you’re there, you can also use the loan simulator to get a personalized projection to help determine if PSLF makes sense for you based on your financial and career goals.
2. National Health Service Corps Loan Repayment Program
The National Health Service Corps Loan Repayment Program (NHSC LRP) offers doctors and other eligible health care providers an opportunity to have their qualifying federal or private student loans repaid while also earning a competitive salary in exchange for serving in communities with limited access to care.
Award amounts may vary based on the health care field you’re in. For instance, primary care providers who make a two-year full-time commitment to working at an NHSC-approved site can erase up to $75,000 in student debt. And those who serve half-time for two years may be able to cancel up to $35,000 in student loans. (If you pass a Spanish-language competency assessment, you may be eligible for an additional amount.) These awards are not subject to income tax.
Find out more about NHSC LRP program requirements to see if you qualify.
3. National Health Service Corps Students to Service Loan Repayment Program
The National Health Service Corps Students to Service Loan Repayment Program (NHSC S2S LRP) offers eligible fourth-year medical students an opportunity to receive up to $120,000 (in $30,000 installments) in tax-free student loan repayment funds to put toward qualifying federal or private student loans.
To enter the program, participants must commit to working full- or half-time at an NHSC-approved site in an underserved area for at least three years. After the initial three-year contract is completed, you may be eligible for a service extension.
Learn more information about NHSC S2S eligibility and how to apply.
4. Military Health Professionals Student Loan Repayment Programs
Several branches of the U.S. military offer medical school loan repayment programs to doctors who serve in the military. Benefits may be used to repay qualifying federal or private student loans. Eligibility requirements and benefit amounts may vary, so contact your service branch (Army, Navy, National Guard, and so on) for details and specific information.
5. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Specialty Education Loan Repayment Program
The VA’s loan repayment program is for recent graduates of accredited medical or osteopathic schools who are currently in a residency that’s been identified as experiencing a shortage. Eligible specialties include psychiatry, family practice, internal medicine, emergency medicine, gastroenterology, urology, and geriatric medicine. (Other specialties may be considered on an individual basis.)
The loan repayment amount is $40,000 per year for qualifying federal and private student loans, with a lifetime maximum of $160,000. In exchange, recipients agree to serve in a clinical practice at a VA facility for a minimum of two years.
6. National Institutes of Health Loan Repayment Programs
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) Loan Repayment Programs were established by Congress to recruit and retain highly qualified health professionals in biomedical or biobehavioral research careers.
These NIH programs are for medical professionals in a variety of fields, including pediatric research, health disparities research, and clinical research. Payments may be up to $50,000 annually and can be applied to qualifying federal or private educational debt.
7. Indian Health Service Loan Repayment Program
This program allows Indian Health Service (IHS) clinicians to repay up to $50,000 of their eligible health profession education loans in exchange for a two-year service commitment to practice in health facilities serving American Indian and Alaska Native communities. After their initial commitment is completed, participants can apply to extend their contract annually until their qualified federal or private student loans are repaid.
Interested physicians can applyy online.
8. State Medical Student Loan Forgiveness Programs
A number of states offer student loan repayment options to physicians and other health care professionals. Use the Association of American Medical Colleges’ searchable database to find any med school loan forgiveness and repayment opportunities in your state.
In addition, the National Health Service Corps provides grants to all 50 states and the U.S. territories through its State Loan Repayment Program. These grants allow individual states to offer their own repayment programs with a goal of incentivizing health care providers to work at their facilities. You can find out more about the available programs, eligibility requirements, and practice sites to see if one is near you.
Other Strategies to Repay Medical School Debt
If you aren’t eligible for a medical student loan forgiveness program, or you can’t find one that’s a good fit for your situation, there are other methods for managing loan payments that you may want to consider.
Here are some repayment options to explore.
Income-Driven Repayment (IDR) Plans
With a federal IDR plan, your monthly federal student loan payments are based on your discretionary income and the size of your family. So, for instance, while you’re earning a medical resident’s salary, an IDR plan could make your payments more affordable.
Under an IDR plan, you must recertify your income every year. That means if your income increases as you advance in your career, your payments may go up. However, your monthly payments will never be more than they would be under the federal 10-year Standard Repayment Plan.
You also may qualify for federal loan forgiveness with an IDR plan. If you reach the end of your payment term (which is generally 20 or 25 years), and you still have a balance, the government will forgive the remaining amount due. You won’t owe federal income taxes on the forgiven amount.
Federal Loan Consolidation
With a Federal Direct Consolidation Loan, borrowers who have federal loans from their undergraduate and medical school degrees can combine them into one loan. The interest rate of the consolidation loan is based on the weighted average of your current loan rates, so you may not save any money, but if you choose a longer loan term, you can lower your monthly payments (though you may pay more interest overall). Consolidating your federal loans may also give you access to additional federal repayment options like income-driven repayment.
There are pros and cons to student loan consolidation to consider, depending on your overall payment strategy. Be sure to compare the costs and benefits.
Employer Repayment Programs
Many employers, including health care facilities, offer student loan repayment assistance as a tool for recruiting and retention. If your employer offers an educational assistance program (EAP), you may be able to receive tax-free contributions to help pay the principal and interest on qualified federal and private student loans. You can get up to $5,250 in tax-free EAP benefits each year. (Any assistance provided above that threshold will be taxable as wages.)
Student Loan Refinancing
If you have private student loans, or you have federal loans and you aren’t pursuing federal benefits such as forgiveness, refinancing your student loans with a private loan is another alternative you might want to consider.
Student loan refinancing is offered by private lenders, such as banks, credit unions, and online lenders. The lender pays off your existing student loan balances and gives you a new private loan that ideally has a lower interest rate and more favorable terms. (It’s important to note that refinancing federal loans makes them ineligible for federal forgiveness and other federal benefits.)
If you decide to refinance only some of your loans — such as your private loans — it may make sense for your situation, especially if refinancing student loans could save you money.
A student loan refinancing calculator can help you see what your monthly payments might be.
Recommended: Student Loan Refinancing Guide
The Takeaway
The average doctor typically owes hundreds of thousands of dollars in student loan debt, and paying it off can be a challenge long after they graduate, complete their residency, and begin practicing medicine.
That’s why student loan repayment and forgiveness programs for doctors can be so helpful. Physicians who are willing to work for a nonprofit organization, pursue a career in public service, or commit to practicing in an underserved area may be able to get their student loans forgiven.
For those doctors who don’t qualify for forgiveness, there are repayment options that may reduce or make it easier to manage monthly student loan payments. These include income-driven repayment, federal loan consolidation, and student loan refinancing. Thoroughly researching all the available options can help doctors choose the best method for tackling their student loan debt.
Looking to lower your monthly student loan payment? Refinancing may be one way to do it — by extending your loan term, getting a lower interest rate than what you currently have, or both. (Please note that refinancing federal loans makes them ineligible for federal forgiveness and protections. Also, lengthening your loan term may mean paying more in interest over the life of the loan.) SoFi student loan refinancing offers flexible terms that fit your budget.
Photo credit: iStock/andresr
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