Refinancing Your Student Loans While Starting a Business

If you want to start a business, one thought may go through your mind (particularly if you’re funding your business out of pocket): “If I didn’t have to repay my student loans, I’d have more money to put toward my business.”

No doubt about it, student debt can be steep. The current average federal student loan debt per borrower is $37,338 and $54,921 per private loan borrower. Student loan borrowers who feel stymied by their debt may wonder how to get their business idea off the ground.

If student loans gobble up a chunk of your cash every month, refinancing might free up funds to put your fledgling business on the right track. Read on to learn how refinancing student loans can benefit the launch of your new business.

What Is Student Loan Refinancing?

Before diving into the definition of student loan refinancing, let’s discuss the components that make up a student loan: principal, interest rate, and loan term.

•   Principal: The principal is the original amount that you borrowed, which you will repay with interest over time.

•   Interest rate: The interest rate is a percentage of the loan principal that you pay monthly — on top of a portion of the principal. This is charged by the lender and is how they earn money while lending you cash.

•   Loan term: The loan term is the amount of time in which you will repay your loan.

Student loan refinancing means replacing your existing student loan with a new student loan. You can refinance either federal or private loans with funds from a private lender. There are two important points to keep in mind if you are considering refinancing. These factors can help you determine if refinancing is a good fit for you.

•   When you refinance federal loans with a private loan, you forfeit federal protections and benefits, such as deferment and forbearance.

•   If you refinance for an extended term, you may end up paying more in interest over the life of the loan, even if your monthly payment is lower.


💡 Quick Tip: Get flexible terms and competitive rates when you refinance your student loan with SoFi.

Take control of your student loans.
Ditch student loan debt for good.


Benefits of Student Loan Refinancing

Some of the key reasons to refinance your student loans include the following:

•   Potentially lowering your interest rate: Reducing your interest rate on your student loans can save you a lot of money over time because you won’t pay as much in interest per monthly payment. Check with various lenders to ensure you’re getting the lowest interest rate possible. You can usually get the best rates by having a strong credit score and a steady source of income. Your credit score is the three-digit number that reflects how well you’ve paid back debts in the past.

•   Reducing your monthly payment: When you work with a lender to extend your loan term, you may reduce your student loan payments per month. For example, you may extend your loan term from 10 years to 15 years, though the specific options will depend on your lender. Note, however, as mentioned above, that extending your term often means you’re likely paying more interest over the life of your loan.

•   Obtaining a single monthly payment: Instead of making multiple monthly payments, you can refinance and make one monthly payment. Sticking to one monthly payment can help you stay organized and make your payments on time. You don’t have to refinance all of your student loans, however. For example, if you have five student loans and you have a low interest rate on one and a high interest rate on the rest, you could refinance just those four. Use a student loan refinance calculator to determine how different refinance scenarios might work to your advantage.

•   Choosing between variable- and fixed-rate loans: Refinancing may allow you to choose between a fixed- or variable-rate loan. A fixed-rate means your interest rate stays the same throughout the life of the loan, while a variable rate changes — and could increase or fall over time.

Note that you can also consolidate student loans, which involves combining several federal student loans into one loan, through the Direct Loan Program.


💡 Quick Tip: Refinancing could be a great choice for working graduates who have higher-interest graduate PLUS loans, Direct Unsubsidized Loans, and/or private loans.

How Refinancing Student Loans Can Benefit a New Business

So, how exactly does refinancing student loans benefit a new business? Here’s a closer look.

1. Lower Your Loan Payments

As mentioned earlier, refinancing can help lower your loan payments by possibly offering a lower interest rate and/or by stretching out your loan term. Lowering your monthly payments can allow you to devote more financial resources toward your new business. You can also use the extra money to pay for household expenses or financial goals, like the down payment on a house or your retirement nest egg.

2. More Money to Get Business Loan

First, to clarify: Using student loans to start a business is a no-go. Student loan money should go toward education costs, living expenses, and housing. When you refinance, you can lower your monthly repayment amount. That can help your overall financial outlook. Then, if you apply for a business loan, you may have a more creditworthy profile.

A bank or credit union will review your financial information to evaluate your qualifications for a business loan. If you refinance your student loans and lower your monthly payment, that could help improve your debt-to-income ratio (DTI), an important indicator when you apply for a loan. Your DTI is calculated by all your monthly debt payments divided by your gross monthly income. If you lower a component of your monthly debt (say, your student loan), you can lower your overall DTI, which is a positive.

3. Use Business Income to Pay Student Loans

Are you wondering, “Can my business pay my student loans?” The answer to that is “no,” if you mean pay directly through your enterprise. However, if you launch a business and earn income, of course you can use your pay to eliminate your debt, whether from a student loan or another source.

Keep in mind that as a business owner, you could get tax breaks that other taxpayers can’t claim, but you can’t deduct the principal payments you make on student loans.

Recommended: How to Get Out of Student Loan Debt

Refinancing Student Loans With SoFi

Looking to lower your monthly student loan payment? Refinancing may be one way to do it — by extending your loan term, getting a lower interest rate than what you currently have, or both. (Please note that refinancing federal loans makes them ineligible for federal forgiveness and protections. Also, lengthening your loan term may mean paying more in interest over the life of the loan.) SoFi student loan refinancing offers flexible terms that fit your budget.

With SoFi, refinancing is fast, easy, and all online. We offer competitive fixed and variable rates.

FAQ

Can you start a business if you have student loans?

Yes, you can start a business if you have student loans, but it may be harder to access business credit and save cash to put toward your business. No matter what, you must keep up with your student loan payments. Not making your payments can hurt your credit score later, which in turn can hurt your application for a small business loan.

How do I start a student loan?

You can apply for federal student loans by filing the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA), which helps determine the amount of federal student aid you can receive. You can apply for private student loans on lender websites.

Can I get an SBA loan with defaulted student loans?

Through the Small Business Administration, SBA loans require potential borrowers to keep up to date on student loan payments. Unfortunately, you could become ineligible with defaulted student loans.


Photo credit: iStock/ferrantraite

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.


SoFi Student Loan Refinance
Terms and conditions apply. SoFi Refinance Student Loans are private loans. When you refinance federal loans with a SoFi loan, YOU FOREFEIT YOUR EILIGIBILITY FOR ALL FEDERAL LOAN BENEFITS, including all flexible federal repayment and forgiveness options that are or may become available to federal student loan borrowers including, but not limited to: Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF), Income-Based Repayment, Income-Contingent Repayment, extended repayment plans, PAYE or SAVE. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers.
Learn more at SoFi.com/eligibility. SoFi Refinance Student Loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891 (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org).

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Checking Your Rates: To check the rates and terms you may qualify for, SoFi conducts a soft credit pull that will not affect your credit score. However, if you choose a product and continue your application, we will request your full credit report from one or more consumer reporting agencies, which is considered a hard credit pull and may affect your credit.


Tax Information: This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or tax advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or tax advice.

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Flex Loans: Benefits and Drawbacks

Flex Loans: Benefits and Drawbacks

If you’re looking to borrow money quickly and without going through a lengthy application process, flex loans can be an appealing option. A flex loan is a line of credit that is unsecured (meaning no collateral is required). It allows you to withdraw funds as needed up to a predetermined limit. As you pay down the balance, you can continue to borrow from the credit line, similar to a credit card.

While flex loans are usually easier to qualify for than more traditional lending products, they typically come with higher annual percentage rates (APRs) and fees. Here’s what you need to know about flex loans, including how they work, how much you can borrow, and the pros and cons of using a flex loan for fast cash.

Key Points

•   Flex loans provide quick access to funds through a revolving line of credit, allowing borrowers to withdraw and repay money as needed without collateral.

•   Higher annual percentage rates (APRs) and fees are common with flex loans, making them more expensive than traditional loans, especially if not managed carefully.

•   Approval for flex loans often doesn’t require a credit check, making them accessible to individuals with poor or limited credit histories.

•   While flex loans can help with emergencies, they can lead to excessive debt if borrowers continually draw from the line of credit without a repayment plan.

•   Alternatives to flex loans include credit cards, personal lines of credit, and loans with a guarantor, which may offer lower interest rates and better terms.

What Is a Flex Loan?

Despite the name, a flex loan isn’t actually a loan — it’s an unsecured personal line of credit. Most commonly, you can find flex loans through cash advance companies, though some select credit unions, banks, and online lenders offer them.

Flex loans allow you to withdraw funds from a credit line up to a preapproved limit. You can use the funds in any way you wish. As you pay down the balance, you can continue to borrow from the credit line, similar to a credit card.

Because flex loans typically don’t require a credit check, they can be an attractive option for those who have a poor or limited credit history. But keep in mind: Because lenders assume additional risk by not checking credit, flex loans typically have higher APRs than other lending products, including personal loans, personal lines of credit, and credit cards. You may struggle to make payments if interest and fees continue to accumulate.


💡 Quick Tip: Some personal loan lenders can release your funds as quickly as the same day your loan is approved.

How Do Flex Loans Work?

A flex loan works similar to a credit card in that it’s a revolving line of credit. Once approved, you’re given a certain credit limit and can borrow up to that amount. As the balance is paid down, that money is once again available to be borrowed.

You’ll receive regular statements showing how much you’ve borrowed and the interest owed and typically need to make minimum monthly payments. Like a credit card, you may choose to only pay the minimum, or you can pay more. The more you pay each month, generally the less interest you’ll accrue.

Some flex loan lenders charge fees in addition to interest. This may include a flat fee when you take out the loan, as well as periodic fees, which may be daily, monthly, or each time you draw funds from the loan.

How Much Can You Get With a Flex Loan?

The exact amount you’ll be approved for will depend on the lender, as well as where you live, since state laws regulate credit limit amounts. You may be able to borrow anywhere from $100 to several thousand dollars with a flex loan.

Borrowers often turn to flex loans to cover immediate financial needs, emergencies, or hardships, but you can use the loan funds for almost any reason. However, due to the high APRs, it’s generally a smart idea to draw funds from a flex loan only when necessary.

Recommended: The Problems with Online Payday Loans and Fast Cash Lending

Will a Flex Loan Hurt My Credit?

Getting a flex loan may not require a credit check so applying for one won’t necessarily affect your credit score. But lenders assume extra risk when they don’t do a credit check, so they might charge higher interest to make up for that.

A flex loan may hurt your credit if you don’t manage it responsibly. As with other types of debt, making late payments or missing payments on a flex loan may adversely affect your credit score. It’s a good idea to budget carefully to ensure you’re not borrowing more than you afford to pay back.

Recommended: 11 Types of Personal Loans & Their Differences

Benefits of Flex Loans

Flex loans may be beneficial for some borrowers. Here’s a look at some of the advantages of flex loans.

Application Process

In many cases, you can apply for a flex loan and receive a lending decision within minutes, especially if you apply online.

Access to Funds

You may receive access to your funds on the same day as your flex loan approval. Once approved, you can then make withdrawals from your credit line as needed. Funds are typically directly deposited into your bank account.

Credit Score

Most flex loan lenders won’t subject you to a credit check, making it less burdensome to qualify for a flex loan even if you don’t have good credit.

Requirements

In many cases, flex loans have more lenient requirements compared to other types of loans. In addition to giving the lender your personal details, you may only have to provide proof of employment and income.

Recommended: Typical Personal Loan Requirements Needed for Approval

Flexible Payment Terms

Each month or billing cycle, you can pay the minimum due or more. There are typically no penalties for paying down your debt faster.

Dangers of Flex Loans

Flex loans may be an attractive borrowing option because even those with poor credit can borrow money quickly. However, flex loans can present potential dangers.

Interest Rates

Flex loans typically carry much higher APRs than traditional lending products like personal loans and credit cards. If you can get a flex loan through a credit union, APRs can range from 24% to 28% or higher. If you get one from a cash advance company, the APR on a flex loan can reach triple digits.

Minimum Payments

You have the option to pay only the minimum payments on your flex loan. But if that’s all you pay, fees and interest will continue to grow your debt, making it increasingly harder to pay off the entire balance.

Excessive Debt

It can be tempting to borrow money repeatedly with a flex loan, but doing so can come at a high cost. If you continue to borrow money and don’t have a plan to pay down the amount you owe, a flex loan can lead to a cycle of debt that can be hard to break out of.

When Should You Take Out a Flex Loan?

A flex loan may be worth considering if you need quick access to cash and don’t want to go through a lengthy application process or can’t qualify for more traditional lending options. A flex loan may also be an option for those who want to have a backup source of funds in case of an emergency, like an unexpected car repair or dental bill.

However, because of the high APRs and added fees, you generally only want to consider a flex loan after exhausting other borrowing options, such as personal loans.

When to Apply for a Flex Loan

There may be other ways to get needed cash without paying interest rates as high as flex loans tend to offer. But if you’ve exhausted all other options, even a loan from a pawn shop, and you have a plan to repay the loan at the lowest possible cost to you, it may be an option you could pursue.

Alternatives to Flex Loans

Before applying for a flex loan, you may want to consider the following alternatives.

•   Credit cards: Like flex loans, credit cards are a form of revolving credit you can draw from on a recurring basis. While interest charges for credit cards can be high, they tend to be lower than flex loans. Depending on the card, you may also have an annual fee and other fees based on your use of the account.

•   Personal line of credit: If you have healthy credit, a personal line of credit may be a worthy alternative because of its typically lower interest rates. However, you will be subject to a credit check and the application process may take longer compared to a flex loan.

•   Personal loan with a guarantor: If you’re unable to qualify for an unsecured personal loan due to a poor or limited credit history, you might consider asking a friend or family member to help you get a guarantor loan. A guarantor is legally responsible for the repayment of the loan if the borrower defaults, but has no legal claim to any property the funds were used to purchase.



💡 Quick Tip: Generally, the larger the personal loan, the bigger the risk for the lender — and the higher the interest rate. So one way to lower your interest rate is to try downsizing your loan amount.

The Takeaway

Before taking out any type of loan, you’ll want to consider the benefits versus the costs. If you need cash for an emergency, it can be a good idea to look at all your borrowing options before settling on a flex loan due to the high interest rates and fees associated with these loans. Shopping around is a good way to see what you may qualify for and help you find a lender you feel comfortable working with.

Think twice before turning to high-interest flex loans or credit cards. Consider a SoFi personal loan instead. SoFi offers competitive fixed rates and same-day funding. Checking your rate takes just a minute.

SoFi’s Personal Loan was named NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Personal Loan overall.

FAQ

What is a flex loan?

A flex loan is a form of revolving credit that allows you to withdraw funds up to a certain credit limit. As you pay down your balance, the funds become available to borrow again.

How much can you get with a flex loan?

Borrowing limits for flex loans will depend on the lender and where you live, since state laws regulate credit limit amounts. You may be able to borrow anywhere from $100 to several thousand dollars with a flex loan.

Will a flex loan hurt my credit?

Applying for a flex loan typically won’t affect your credit because lenders typically don’t do a credit check when you apply for the loan. However, lenders may report your borrowing activity to the major consumer credit bureaus. As a result, any late or missed payments could negatively affect your credit.


Photo credit: iStock/PeopleImages

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.


Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .

Non affiliation: SoFi isn’t affiliated with any of the companies highlighted in this article.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Checking Your Rates: To check the rates and terms you may qualify for, SoFi conducts a soft credit pull that will not affect your credit score. However, if you choose a product and continue your application, we will request your full credit report from one or more consumer reporting agencies, which is considered a hard credit pull and may affect your credit.

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exterior of condos

What’s the Difference Between a Co-op and a Condo?

Both co-ops and condos give a resident the right to use certain common areas, such as pools, gyms, roof decks, and courtyards. But there are big differences when it comes to what you actually own when you purchase a condo vs a co-op.

It’s easy to get confused about the difference between the two properties. If you pulled up pictures of co-ops and condos during a home search, they might seem exactly the same. But if you’re in the market for a home — especially in a large city where both housing types are popular — you’ll learn quickly that the terms are not interchangeable.

You might have wondered if you’d prefer a house or a condo. But if you’re moving in the direction of co-op vs. condo, it’s important to understand their many distinct features. You’ve done the work of budgeting for a home. Now, before you spend that budget, let’s get a handle on the difference between a condo and a co-op.


💡 Quick Tip: You deserve a more zen mortgage. Look for a mortgage lender who’s dedicated to closing your loan on time.

What Is a Condo?

With a condominium, you own your home, but you don’t solely own anything outside your unit — not even the exterior walls. Common areas of the complex are owned and shared by all the condo owners collectively.

Buying a condo is not all that different from securing any other type of real estate. Typically, the complex will be managed by an association that is responsible for maintaining the property and enforcing any covenants, conditions, and restrictions that govern property usage. The association sets the regular fees owners pay to cover repairs, landscaping, other services, and insurance for the shared parts of the property. Special assessments also might be levied to pay for unexpected repairs and needed improvements that aren’t in the normal operating budget.

First-time homebuyers can
prequalify for a SoFi mortgage loan,
with as little as 3% down.

Questions? Call (888)-541-0398.


What Is a Co-op?

In the co-op vs. condo debate, it’s key to know that with a housing cooperative, residents don’t own their units. Instead, they hold shares in a nonprofit corporation that has the title to the property and grants proprietary leases to residents. The lease grants you the right to live in your specific unit and use the common elements of the co-op according to its bylaws and regulations. A co-op manager usually collects monthly maintenance fees; enforces covenants, conditions and restrictions; and makes sure the property is well kept.

As a shareholder, you become a voting manager of the building, and as such have a say in how the co-op is run and maintained. Residents generally vote on any decision that affects the building. Should a resident wish to sell their shares, members of the board of directors will have to approve the new buyer. They will be much more involved than would be the case with a condo. That can make it a lengthy process.

Co-ops and condos are both common-interest communities, but their governing documents have different legal mechanisms that determine how they operate and can affect residents’ costs, control over their units, and even the feeling of community. (If you’re curious about another option, there’s always a townhouse, so read up on the difference between a condo and a townhouse as well.)


💡 Quick Tip: Your parents or grandparents probably got mortgages for 30 years. But these days, you can get them for 20, 15, or 10 years — and pay less interest over the life of the loan.

Some Pros & Cons of Co-Ops vs Condos

Financing

It’s important to drill down on the details of buying an apartment. Because you aren’t actually buying any real estate with a co-op, the price per square foot is usually lower than it would be for a condo. Eligibility for financing may depend on credit score, down payment, minimum square footage of a unit, and more.

However, it might be somewhat harder to get a mortgage for a co-op than a condo, even if the bottom-line price is less. It might not have all that much to do with you. Some lenders are reluctant to underwrite a loan for shares in a corporation vs. real property. Most condo associations don’t restrict lending or financing in the building. If you can get a mortgage loan, the condo association will usually let you buy a place.

Fees

Because a co-op’s monthly fee can include payments for the building’s underlying mortgage and property taxes as well as amenities, maintenance, security, and utilities, it’s usually higher than the monthly fee for a condo. Either way, though, generally the more perks that come with your unit, the more there is to maintain and in turn, the more you’re likely to pay.

If you’re concerned about an increase in fees, you might want to ask the association or board about any improvements that may lead to an increase in the future — and what the rules are for those who do not pay their assessed dues. All of these factors are important to weigh when you’re making a home-buying checklist, which includes figuring out how much money you’ll need and the best financing strategy.

Taxes

If you itemize on your income tax return, you may be able to deduct the portion of a co-op’s monthly fee that goes to property taxes and mortgage interest. However, none of a condo’s monthly maintenance fee is tax deductible. You might want to consult a tax professional about these nuances before moving forward with a co-op or condo purchase.

Privacy vs Community

If you’ve ever lived in one of those neighborhoods where the only time you saw your fellow residents was just before they pulled their cars into their garages, it could take you a while to adjust to cooperative or association living. Because you share ownership with your neighbors, you may be more likely to see them at meetings and other events. And you can trust that they’ll know who you are.

Co-op boards often require prospective buyers — who are potential shareholders — to provide substantial personal information before a purchase is approved, including personal tax returns, personal and business references. Many require in-person interviews. You may find that you like the sense of community and that everyone knows and looks out for each other. Or you may not. Again, you might want to ask some questions about socialization and privacy while checking out a particular co-op or an active condo community.

Restrictions

In a co-op, you might run into more rules regarding how you can renovate or even decorate your unit. And don’t forget: You’ll also have to deal with that rigorous application approval process if you ever decide to sell.

Both condos and co-ops frequently have restrictions on renting out extra rooms (or renting the entire unit), as well as on how many people can stay overnight or park in the parking lot, the type of pets you can have and their size, and more. Before you look at a unit, you may want to ask your agent about covenants, conditions, and restrictions that could be difficult to handle.

The Takeaway

Whether you end up buying a co-op or a condo, ownership offers many benefits you won’t find in a rental. When you’re ready to start a serious search, take the time to look for a lender that will work with you on whatever type of loan you might require. In the co-op vs. condo terrain, there are specialists for both sides.

Looking for an affordable option for a home mortgage loan? SoFi can help: We offer low down payments (as little as 3% - 5%*) with our competitive and flexible home mortgage loans. Plus, applying is extra convenient: It's online, with access to one-on-one help.

SoFi Mortgages: simple, smart, and so affordable.


SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.


SoFi Mortgages
Terms, conditions, and state restrictions apply. Not all products are available in all states. See SoFi.com/eligibility-criteria for more information.



*SoFi requires Private Mortgage Insurance (PMI) for conforming home loans with a loan-to-value (LTV) ratio greater than 80%. As little as 3% down payments are for qualifying first-time homebuyers only. 5% minimum applies to other borrowers. Other loan types may require different fees or insurance (e.g., VA funding fee, FHA Mortgage Insurance Premiums, etc.). Loan requirements may vary depending on your down payment amount, and minimum down payment varies by loan type.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.


Tax Information: This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or tax advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or tax advice.

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Understanding Stop-Loss Orders: A Comprehensive Guide

When an investor places a stop-loss order, sometimes referred to as a stop order, they order their broker to buy or sell a stock once shares reach a certain price. This price is called a “stop price.” Placing a stop-loss order can potentially help keep people from losing money.

There are several types of stop-loss orders, too, that investors can use to increase their chances of retaining any applicable returns. Knowing what they are, and how to use them, can be beneficial to many investors.

What Is a Stop-Loss Order?

A stop-loss order is a market order type that automatically executes a transaction once certain parameters are met — those parameters being set by the investor. In effect, a stop-loss order limits an investor’s potential losses, by “locking in” their profit or gain in relation to a given position.

It may be helpful to think of stop-loss orders as a set of instructions given to your brokerage or investment platform that will automatically execute a trade once a security reaches a given price.


💡 Quick Tip: Investment fees are assessed in different ways, including trading costs, account management fees, and possibly broker commissions. When you set up an investment account, be sure to get the exact breakdown of your “all-in costs” so you know what you’re paying.

How Stop-Loss Orders Work

Stop-loss orders work by executing a predetermined order or set of instructions set by an investor or trader. Effectively, an investor can decide that if the value of one of their stocks falls below a certain threshold, they’ll want to sell it, thereby preserving the gain or profit they’ve made on the stock’s appreciation over time.

So, if the stock’s value starts to fall, and hits the threshold decided upon by the investor, an automatic sell order will execute, and the investor’s position will be vacated – or, their stocks will be sold automatically. This way, if the stock continues to lose value, the investor’s already cashed out, and they won’t lose any more value if they had held onto their stocks.

Different Types of Stop-Loss Orders

There are a few key types of stop-loss orders investors should know about:

Sell-stop Order

A sell-stop order is an order to sell a stock when shares hit a certain price. Let’s look at two examples. The first shows how sell-stop orders can help investors limit their losses.

Daniel buys 10 shares of Stock X at $150 each. He knows he could lose money, but he wouldn’t be comfortable losing more than 10% of what he initially invests.

To ensure he doesn’t lose more than 10%, Daniel sets up a sell-stop order for $135, which is 10% less than he originally paid for his shares of Stock X. If Stock X shares drop to $135, his broker will immediately sell them, so he only loses 10%.

By setting up a sell-stop order, Daniel has limited his losses. (Remember, 10% is just an example, not a suggestion. Everyone has different preferences when investing.)

Now let’s look at an example of how a sell-stop order can lock in profits. This time, Daniel buys 10 shares of Stock Y for $100 each. Six months later, shares have increased to $150 each.

Daniel doesn’t want to lose any of his unrealized gains. “Unrealized gains” are the gains investors make when share prices increase, but they haven’t sold their shares, so they haven’t collected any of the money yet.

Daniel’s Stock Y shares have increased by $50, or $500 total. If the share price drops below the original $100, he could lose all those unrecognized gains.

But Daniel isn’t ready to sell his Stock Y shares yet, either. If the share price continues to increase, he wants to keep earning money. So, he sets up a sell-stop order.

Now that the Stock Y share price is $150, Daniel might set up a sell-stop order for, say, $130. If shares drop to $130, his broker automatically sells them.

Although Daniel wouldn’t be able to keep the full $500 he could have earned had he sold his shares at $150, he would still pocket $30 per share, or $300 total.

In the example of Daniel’s Stock X shares, he prevented losses. With his Stock Y shares, he’s locked in gains. When trading, you’ll probably hear the term “market order” pop up frequently. Know that a stop-loss order is not the same as a market order. When people place market orders, they buy or sell stocks at the current market price, whatever that may be. With a stop-loss order, people “schedule” a market order that is triggered once a predetermined price has been hit.

So once a stock hits its stop price, the stop-loss order becomes a market order. The stop price isn’t necessarily the same price that the shares will be sold at.

For example, Daniel’s stop price for his Stock Y shares is $130, but by the time they sell, they may have dropped to $125.

As a result, he loses more money than he’d anticipated. Or the share price could increase to $135 when they sell, so Daniel only loses $15 per share, even though he was prepared to lose $20.

Buy-stop Order

Knowing what a sell-stop order is, a buy-stop order is similarly exactly what it sounds like. Investors set up a buy-stop order to purchase a stock once shares hit a price higher than the current market price.

Buy-stop orders are placed under the assumption that once a stock starts to increase, it will gain momentum and continue to rise.

If Daniel knows that Stock S shares generally sell for between $20 and $25, he might set up a buy-stop order to purchase 10 shares once they reach $26. The computer system would buy 10 shares on his behalf, and he’d hope Stock S share prices would continue to rise.

Trailing Stop-loss Order

Regular sell-stop orders and buy-stop orders are set at a specific dollar amount. Trailing stop-loss orders are different.

When someone sets a sell trailing-stop order for a certain amount, it tracks (or “trails”) the stock and sells shares once they decrease by that amount. A buy trailing-stop order “trails” the stock and buys shares once they increase by that amount.

Let’s look at an example with real numbers to break it down.

Let’s say Daniel buys shares of Stock A for $40 each. He sets a sell trailing stop-loss order for $1. As long as the stock increases, he’ll hold onto his shares. But as soon as the share price dips by $1, Daniel’s broker will sell his shares of Stock A.

If Stock A’s share price drops from $40 to $39, Daniel’s broker will sell his shares. And if the share price gradually increases to $44 but then drops to $43, a sell trailing-stop order for $1 will cause his broker to sell shares at a stop price of $43. (But remember, because a stop-loss order turns into a market order, shares might be at a price other than $43 by the time they sell.)

Trailing-stop orders are useful for locking in gains. As long as share prices increase, investors keep their shares. Once it decreases by a predetermined amount, the stock is sold.

Advantages of Using Stop-Loss Orders

Stop-loss orders have a couple of primary advantages: Limiting losses, and locking in profits or gains.

Risk Management and Loss Limitation

The most obvious advantage of a stop-loss order is that it keeps people from losing too much money in the market. In the first example of Daniel’s shares of Roku, he set a sell-stop order so that even if he did lose money, he didn’t lose more than he was comfortable with or could afford.

Stop-loss orders aren’t just for preventing losses, though. People can also use them to secure a capital gain.

With Daniel’s stop-loss order for Stock Y, his shares increased from $100 to $150, and he set up a sell-stop order for $130 so that if the stock started to dip, he would pocket at least $30 per share, or $300 total.

If Daniel hadn’t set that sell-stop order for his Stock Y investment, he could have incurred a net loss. Hypothetically, let’s say the share price continued to drop to $90 before he finally sold. He would have lost $10 per share, or $100, rather than gained $300.

Using Stop-Loss Orders to Lock in Profits

Stop-loss orders can also lock in profits. That can lead to some peace of mind for some investors.

In other words, a stop-loss order can make the investment process less stressful. People don’t have to check in on their stocks three times per day, five days per week to track share prices and decide whether they want to buy or sell.

Stop-loss orders help remove other emotions from the process, too. It can be easy to make irrational or rash decisions when trading stocks.

Daniel might get emotionally attached to his Stock Y shares, so he holds onto it even when it becomes a bad investment. Or he tells himself he’ll sell once Stock Y shares drop 10%, but he has a hard time pulling the trigger.

Some people are the type to “set it and forget it.” They buy stocks and forget to check in on them at all. Daniel might say he’ll sell his Stock Y shares when the price decreases 10%, but he simply forgets to check the market for three months. Stock Y’s share price continues to drop, and he loses significant money.

Stop-loss orders can be ideal for investors who want to “set it and forget it” and they have the potential to reduce portfolio risk if used appropriately.

Disadvantages and Risks of Stop-Loss Orders

Stop-loss orders can have some drawbacks, too, just as they have potential advantages.

Potential Drawbacks and Market Impact

Stop-loss orders can work against investors when there’s a short-term drop in the share price, or drawback.

Consider this: Maybe Daniel buys 20 shares of Stock B for $30 per share. He sets a sell-stop order for $28.Monday, shares are at $30, but they fall to $28 on Tuesday, so his broker automatically sells all 20 shares. By Friday, shares have jumped up to $33, so Daniel has lost $60 in just a few days because there was a short-term dip.

It’s helpful to research how much a stock tends to fluctuate in a given amount of time to avoid these types of problems. Maybe Stock B’s share price regularly fluctuates by a few dollars at a time, so Daniel should have set his stop-loss order at a lower price.

If investors understand their stocks’ trends, they can probably set up stop-loss orders more strategically. However, research goes out the window when there is a “flash crash.” This is a sudden, aggressive drop in stock prices — but prices can jump back up just as quickly.

Flash crashes aren’t common, but they occasionally occur.

In this case, Daniel’s Stock B shares could drop from $30 to $15 in the morning, and because he set up a sell-stop order, they automatically sell. But the share price jumps to $32 by the time the closing bell sounds, and Daniel loses out on those gains because he had a sell-stop order.

Understanding Price Gaps and Slippage

Another drawback to consider is that once a stock hits its stop price, the stop-loss order becomes a market order, or an order to sell a stock at the current market price. When a stop-loss order becomes a market order, shares sell for the next available price — or, what’s often called a price gap.

If the difference between an investor’s stop price and the next available price is a few cents, it might not be a big deal. But if the market is volatile that day and the market price is several dollars below the stop price, someone could end up losing quite a bit of cash — especially in the case of a flash crash.

Granted, a stop-loss order turning into a market order could be either a pro or a con, depending on whether a share price increases or decreases. Regardless, some investors might consider it a disadvantage to not know what to expect.

When and Why to Use Stop-Loss Orders

Investors can choose to use stop-loss orders in a variety of scenarios, but they can likely be most beneficial if an investor feels that a security’s price is likely to fall in the near future, or if they’re particularly risk-averse and want to lock in their gains.

With that in mind, there may not necessarily be an ideal scenario in which a stop-loss order is best used or deployed — it’ll depend on the individual investor’s goals and concerns. Again, if they’re particularly risk-averse or at a point in their life where they can’t wait for the market to rebound, and want to lock in their gains, it may be a good idea to use one. If not, a stop-loss order may be less useful.

It may be a good idea to talk to a financial professional, too, about when or if using a stop-loss order is a good idea at a given point in time.

Strategic Considerations in Various Market Conditions

If you’re uncomfortable with the risks that come with stop-loss orders, you may choose not to use them. But know that a huge purpose of stop-loss orders is to minimize risk, and depending on market conditions, they may help ease your anxiety. Even so, it might be helpful to think about the trade-offs and whether the pros outweigh the cons, in your particular financial situation.


💡 Quick Tip: Are self-directed brokerage accounts cost efficient? They can be, because they offer the convenience of being able to buy stocks online without using a traditional full-service broker (and the typical broker fees).

Setting Stop-Loss Order Levels

While each and every investor will have different considerations to make when setting stop-loss order levels, there are some things to broadly keep in mind.

Determining Price Levels for Stop-Loss Orders

There’s no exact science when determining price levels for stop-loss orders. It really comes down to an investor’s risk threshold — or, how much loss they’re willing to stomach before they want to bail on a position. Again, that will vary from investor to investor.

It may be helpful to think of that threshold in terms of a percentage. For instance, if a stock’s value declines by 10%, would you want to sell? How about 20%? These can be broad, general markers that many investors can utilize. But there are more advanced methods, too, like using moving averages to determine an acceptable stop-loss placement.

You could even use support and resistance levels to work as guidelines, too. It depends on how thorough or exact you’d like to be.

The Takeaway

Stop-loss orders are a type of market order that can be helpful to investors who want to preserve their gains, or who may want to limit their risk. There’s no exact science as to when and how to use them, but they can be an important and powerful tool in any investor’s kit — though there’s no obligation to ever necessarily use them.

If you’re unsure of whether you should start incorporating stop-loss orders into your strategy, it may be helpful to talk about it with a financial professional. Again, these are just one tool of many, and if you’re particularly risk-averse, they may be worth investigating further.

Ready to invest in your goals? It’s easy to get started when you open an investment account with SoFi Invest. You can invest in stocks, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), mutual funds, alternative funds, and more. SoFi doesn’t charge commissions, but other fees apply (full fee disclosure here).

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FAQ

What’s the main difference between a limit stop-loss order and limit order?

The main difference between a limit stop-loss order and a limit order is that limit orders guarantee trades execute at a specified price, whereas stop orders can be used to limit potential losses. Limit orders specify the maximum price an investor is willing to pay, where a stop-loss order specifies the threshold at which an investor wishes to sell.

Do stop-loss orders always work?

Stop-loss orders do not always work, as there can be glitches within a trading platform’s system, low market liquidity, trading stoppages, and market gaps that can throw an investor’s plans out the window.

Is a stop-loss order better than a stop-limit?

A stop-loss order is not necessarily better than a stop-limit order, as they’re two different things that can or could be used together as a part of an overall investment strategy.

Is a stop-loss a good strategy?

Using stop-loss orders may be a good strategy for certain investors, but it’ll depend on the specific investor’s overall strategy, goals, and risk tolerance. What’s good for one investor may not necessarily be good for another.

What are stop-loss rules?

Stop-loss rules are specified by investors when inputting a stop-loss order. These rules specify the price at which an investor will want to vacate a position or sell their holdings — it’s a threshold at which they want to sell and maintain their gains.

What is the best way to set up stop-loss and make a profit?

There are many strategies and tactics that investors can use to set up stop-loss orders, which might help them maintain profit and value. Some investors, for example, use a percentage as a guideline, while others might use moving averages to determine stop-loss limits, and others could use support and resistance levels.


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