Investing in Gold and Silver: a Guide
Precious metals can be an important part of a diversified portfolio. Here’s what to know before you invest.
Read morePrecious metals can be an important part of a diversified portfolio. Here’s what to know before you invest.
Read moreThe moving average convergence divergence (MACD) is an indicator that shows the momentum in equity markets. It’s especially popular with traders, who use it to help them rapidly identify short-term momentum swings in a stock.
A moving average can help investors see past the noise of daily market movements to find securities trending up or down. The MACD offers another way to focus on such stocks, by showing the relationship between two moving averages.
The moving average convergence divergence may sound complex, so it makes sense to start with the first part – the moving average (MA), also called the exponential moving average, or EMA. This is a very common metric with stocks, used to make sense of ever-fluctuating price data by replacing it with a regularly updated average price. This moving average can give investors a clearer idea of where a stock is trading than one that’s updated second by second.
Because the moving average reflects past prices, it is a lagging indicator. But how much the past prices factor in depends on the person setting the average. Most commonly, investors look at moving averages of 15, 20, 30, 50, 100, and 200 days, with the 50- and 200-day averages being the most widely used.
A moving average with a shorter time span will be more sensitive to price changes, while moving averages with longer time spans will fluctuate less dramatically. Generally, active traders with strategy focused on market timing favor shorter-duration moving averages.
To perform the MACD calculation, traders take the 26-day moving average of a stock and subtract it from that stock’s 12-day moving average. This calculation offers a quick temperature-check of a stock’s momentum.
While the 12-day and 26-day time spans are standard for the MACD, investors can also create their own custom MACD measurements with time spans that better fit their own particular trading tactics and investment strategies.
💡 Quick Tip: Before opening any investment account, consider what level of risk you are comfortable with. If you’re not sure, start with more conservative investments, and then adjust your portfolio as you learn more.
If a stock’s MACD is positive, that means its short-term average is higher than its long-term average, which could be a bullish indicator that stock is on an upswing. A higher MACD indicates more pronounced momentum in that upswing. On the other hand, a negative MACD indicates that a stock is trending downward.
If the positive or negative difference between the shorter-term and longer-term moving averages expands, that’s considered the MACD divergence, or the D in MACD. If they get closer, that’s considered a convergence, the C in MACD.
When the two moving averages converge, they meet at a place between the positive and negative MACD, called the zero line, or the centerline. For many traders, this MACD crossover is the sign they wait for to jump into a stock, which after losing value, is suddenly gaining value. Conversely, a stock crossing the zero line of the MACD is often taken to mean that the good times are over, leading many traders to sell at that point.
The MACD is a vital concept in technical analysis, a popular approach investors use to try to forecast the ways a stock might perform based on its current data and past movements. It involves a wide range of data and trend indicators, such as a stock’s price and trading volume, to locate opportunities and risks.
Technical analysis does not look at underlying companies, their industries, or any macroeconomic trends that might drive their success or failure. Rather, it solely analyzes the stock’s performance to find patterns and trends.
Recommended: The Pros and Cons of Momentum Trading
For traders, a rising MACD is a sign that a stock is being bid up. The MACD shows how quickly that’s happening.
As the short-term average rises above the longer-term average, and the two figures diverge more widely, the MACD expresses this in a simple number. When a stock is sinking, investors also want to know how fast it’s falling, as well as whether its decline is speeding up or slowing down, which they can find quickly by looking at the divergence.
A convergence is also a key indicator for many traders. As the long-term and short-term moving averages get closer to one another, it can be a sign that a given stock is either overbought or oversold for the moment. If they hold the stock, it may be time to sell the stock. But if they like the stock, and are waiting for a bargain-basement price at which to buy it, then the convergence of the two averages on the zero line may mean it’s time to start buying.
By using the MACD, traders can also compare a stock to competitors in its sector, and to the broader market, to decide whether its current price reflects its value and whether they should buy, sell, or short a stock. Because the MACD is priced out in dollars, many traders will use the percentage price oscillator, or PPO. It uses the same calculation as the MACD, but delivers its results in the form of a percentage difference between the shorter- and longer-term moving averages. As such, it allows for quicker, cleaner comparisons.
💡 Quick Tip: How to manage potential risk factors in a self directed investment account? Doing your research and employing strategies like dollar-cost averaging and diversification may help mitigate financial risk when trading stocks.
The MACD indicator has benefits for traders. It’s a convenient gauge of a stock’s momentum for an active, short-term trader. But it can also help a long-term investor who’s looking for the right moment to buy or sell a stock. Once an investor understands the MACD, it’s an easily interpreted data point to incorporate into their trading strategy.
But the MACD does have its drawbacks and does not account for certain types of investment risk. Because the MACD is a lagging indicator, it can lead to a trader staying too long in a position that’s since begun to swoon. Or, alternately, it can indicate a turnaround that’s already run the bulk of its course.
This is especially dangerous in volatile markets, when stocks can “whipsaw.” This term – named for the push-and-pull of the saw when it’s used to chop down a tree – describes the phenomenon of a stock whose price is moving in one direction, and suddenly goes sharply in the opposite direction. Whether that whipsaw movement is up or down, it can prove highly disruptive for a trader who relies too heavily on the MACD.
The MACD can be a helpful metric for traders to understand and to use, in conjunction with other tools to help formulate their investing strategy.
The MACD indicator has benefits for traders. It’s a convenient gauge of a stock’s momentum for active traders. But it can also help long-term investors, too, determine when to buy and sell. It’s also a lagging indicator, which can make it tricky to use for inexperienced traders. As always, it’s best to consult with a financial professional if you’re feeling like you’re in over your head.
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Read moreEven if you haven’t thought about diesel mechanics before, chances are you’ve benefited from their expertise. These skilled technicians fix the machines that harvest our food, the generators that provide electricity when the power goes out, the big rigs that ferry our goods across the country, and so much more.
Being a diesel mechanic requires a certain skill set and level of training. Generally speaking, they tend to earn slightly more than auto mechanics. According to the latest figures from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), the median pay for a diesel mechanic is $48,690 per year, or $23.41 per hour. (By comparison, the median pay for an auto mechanic is $46,880 per year, or $22.54 per hour.) However, pay rates can vary depending on where a technician works and their level of experience.
Diesel mechanics inspect, repair, and maintain vehicle engines that run on diesel fuel. This includes everything from trucks, overhaul buses, and trains, to cruise ships, generators, and construction and agricultural equipment. Their goal is to make sure vehicles are safe for both drivers and passengers.
A diesel mechanic position is a manual labor trade job you can get without a college degree, though most employers want diesel techs to have at least a high school diploma or a GED equivalent. While you don’t need secondary education to do the job, you do need specialized training, which can be acquired on the job, through a certificate program, or by attending a trade or vocational school.
And though diesel mechanics may need to occasionally speak with customers about issues with the vehicles, it can be a good job for introverts.
Recommended: 25 High-Paying Trade Jobs in Demand
There are many daily responsibilities for a diesel mechanic, ranging from simple servicing to major repairs. For instance, when examining a diesel engine, the mechanic can run a diagnostic test to determine if the engine is running properly. If there’s a problem, a diesel mechanic can replace a vehicle’s engine, transmission, steering, and braking systems.
Here are some other essential work duties a diesel mechanic typically performs:
• Identifying any engine malfunction issues
• Securing the parts needed for servicing
• Test driving vehicles for performance
• Communicating issues about the vehicle to the customer and advising them on how best to maintain the machinery
• Keeping detailed work records on engines serviced
According to ZipRecruiter, the national average salary for an entry-level diesel mechanic in the U.S. is $38,456 a year. This breaks down to approximately $18.49 an hour, which in some states is only a few dollars more than minimum wage. Working at this rate comes out to be $739 a week or $3,204 a month.
Whether you’re paid a set weekly salary or hourly rate, starting out as an entry-level diesel mechanic can be challenging. The wages may be difficult to live on, especially if you have a lot of financial obligations or live in a place with a higher cost of living.
But if working with machinery and, in particular, on diesel engines is what you really want to do, it can be worth any initial sacrifices. And the good news is, diesel mechanic jobs are expected to continue to grow. So in time, you can move up the ladder or seek out a new job to increase your yearly salary.
In the meantime, using a spending app can help you keep tabs on where your money is going so you can make ends meet.
Recommended: What Is a Good Entry-Level Salary?
If you’re considering going into the field, you may be wondering how much a diesel mechanic makes a year. As previously mentioned, the median pay for a diesel service technician and mechanic is $48,690 per year, or $23.41 per hour.
Keep in mind that in certain areas, there’s an increased demand for diesel mechanics, which means there’s a greater chance pay rates will be higher. Per ZipRecruiter, here’s the average diesel mechanic salary by state.
State | Annual Salary |
---|---|
Alabama | $47,167 |
Alaska | $51,024 |
Arizona | $44,680 |
Arkansas | $49,830 |
California | $46,127 |
Colorado | $46,225 |
Connecticut | $52,830 |
Delaware | $50,876 |
Florida | $36,659 |
Georgia | $35,806 |
Hawaii | $62,784 |
Idaho | $52,657 |
Illinois | $43,238 |
Indiana | $48,669 |
Iowa | $57,473 |
Kansas | $53,686 |
Kentucky | $46,223 |
Louisiana | $42,718 |
Maine | $50,513 |
Maryland | $48,486 |
Massachusetts | $53,382 |
Michigan | $43,086 |
Minnesota | $61,283 |
Mississippi | $52,587 |
Missouri | $52,531 |
Montana | $42,669 |
Nebraska | $45,549 |
Nevada | $53,507 |
New Hampshire | $47,757 |
New Jersey | $44,682 |
New Mexico | $47,691 |
New York | $58,441 |
North Carolina | $49,082 |
North Dakota | $47,576 |
Ohio | $50,582 |
Oklahoma | $50,671 |
Oregon | $51,376 |
Pennsylvania | $41,550 |
Rhode Island | $56,114 |
South Carolina | $45,138 |
South Dakota | $59,477 |
Tennessee | $55,858 |
Texas | $41,608 |
Utah | $56,740 |
Vermont | $45,870 |
Virginia | $47,185 |
Washington | $59,028 |
West Virginia | $42,562 |
Wisconsin | $41,647 |
Wyoming | $44,289 |
Recommended: The Highest-Paying Jobs in Every State
Looking for a diesel mechanic job? Along with researching positions with competitive pay, it’s important to factor in employer benefits.
Here are common employee benefits offered to diesel mechanics:
• Health, dental, vision, and life insurance
• 401(k) with possible employer match
• Tuition reimbursement
• Flexible Spending Account (FSA) and/or Health Savings Account (HSA)
• Paid sick days, vacation, and holiday pay
• Parental leave
• Stock options
• Profit sharing
• Low prescription drug costs
• Wellness programs, such as free counseling services
When it comes to a diesel mechanic’s earnings, there are potential upsides and downsides you’ll want to keep in mind.
Advantages of a Diesel Mechanic’s Salary | Disadvantages of a Diesel Mechanic’s Salary |
---|---|
Salary can be comfortable depending on state or city where you work | Wages may not be enough if you live in a state or area with a higher cost of living |
Steady work schedule with opportunities for overtime pay | Salaried workers may not be entitled to overtime pay |
Pay can rise with career experience, increased job education from extra certification, training programs, or vocational school | Lack of work experience and little to no training can mean a lower salary when you first start out |
Can receive a commission, tips, or bonus in addition to base salary, depending on the company | Employers may not offer commissions or bonuses, and employees may not be allowed to accept tips |
The median pay for a diesel service mechanic is $48,690 per year, or $23.41 per hour, according to the latest figures from the BLS. However, that amount can vary by state, and there may be opportunities to earn more with additional training and experience. Diesel mechanics are in demand, and jobs are expected to continue growing. This means skilled technicians may have opportunities to join companies that offer benefit packages, potentially move up the ranks, and even increase their take-home pay.
Take control of your finances with SoFi. With our financial insights and credit score monitoring tools, you can view all of your accounts in one convenient dashboard. From there, you can see your various balances, spending breakdowns, and credit score. Plus you can easily set up budgets and discover valuable financial insights — all at no cost.
According to some of the top online job seeker sites, the highest salaries for a diesel mechanic clock in around $70,000 or more a year. Types of diesel mechanics who generally make more money include those who work on heavy duty trucks, tractor trailers, and water-based vessels such as cargo and cruise ships.
The average annual diesel technician salary in San Francisco is $58,022, but salaries can span from $42,000 to $79,000 a year. The average hourly rate for diesel techs in the Bay Area is $27.90.
For people who enjoy working with their hands and have an interest in the workings of machinery, becoming a diesel tech can be a rewarding career. The field offers opportunities for constant learning, increased expertise, job stability and room for career advancement.
Photo credit: iStock/sathit trakunpunlert
SoFi Relay offers users the ability to connect both SoFi accounts and external accounts using Plaid, Inc.’s service. When you use the service to connect an account, you authorize SoFi to obtain account information from any external accounts as set forth in SoFi’s Terms of Use. Based on your consent SoFi will also automatically provide some financial data received from the credit bureau for your visibility, without the need of you connecting additional accounts. SoFi assumes no responsibility for the timeliness, accuracy, deletion, non-delivery or failure to store any user data, loss of user data, communications, or personalization settings. You shall confirm the accuracy of Plaid data through sources independent of SoFi. The credit score is a VantageScore® based on TransUnion® (the “Processing Agent”) data.
*Terms and conditions apply. This offer is only available to new SoFi users without existing SoFi accounts. It is non-transferable. One offer per person. To receive the rewards points offer, you must successfully complete setting up Credit Score Monitoring. Rewards points may only be redeemed towards active SoFi accounts, such as your SoFi Checking or Savings account, subject to program terms that may be found here: SoFi Member Rewards Terms and Conditions. SoFi reserves the right to modify or discontinue this offer at any time without notice.
Non affiliation: SoFi isn’t affiliated with any of the companies highlighted in this article.
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The monthly amount that you pay on a mortgage for $700,000 covers the principal payment and interest, and your exact payment depends on several variables, including your interest rate. A $700,000, 30-year mortgage with a 6% interest rate, for example, costs around $4,200 monthly. However, there may be additional costs that you have to pay throughout the life of the loan, not to mention upfront costs that you must pay when you first close on the home.
The monthly cost of a mortgage depends on the interest rate, the length of the loan, and any additional costs, such as private mortgage insurance (PMI) charged on some loans. Mortgage loan terms are typically from 15 years to 30 years, and the monthly payments for a 15-year loan can be much higher than the payments for a 30-year loan, although, over its lifetime, the 30-year mortgage is typically more costly because interest costs are higher.
Here’s a look at how much a 700,000 mortgage might cost per month for a 15-year or 30-year loan term with various interest rates.
Table of Contents
Key Points
• The monthly cost of a $700,000 mortgage depends on factors like interest rate, loan term, and down payment.
• Using a mortgage calculator can help estimate monthly payments and determine affordability.
• Factors like property taxes, homeowners insurance, and private mortgage insurance (PMI) can also affect the overall cost.
• It’s important to consider your budget and financial goals when determining the affordability of a mortgage.
• Working with a lender or mortgage professional can provide personalized guidance and help you understand the costs involved.
A $700,000 30-year mortgage with a 6% interest rate (which, as noted above, costs around $4,200 monthly) has a total cost of $1,510,867. The same loan over 15 years would have a $5,900 monthly payment and a total cost of $1,063,260. These amounts are simply estimates; exact costs will depend on interest, escrow, taxes, and insurance. A rule of thumb when buying a home is to not pay more than 28% of your gross monthly income. So someone whose monthly mortgage payment is $4,200 would need to take home at least $15,000 a month.
💡 Quick Tip: Buying a home shouldn’t be aggravating. SoFi’s online mortgage application is quick and simple, with dedicated Mortgage Loan Officers to guide you through the process.
When you buy a house and take out a mortgage, in addition to your down payment, you will have to pay closing costs. Closing costs are mostly the administrative expenses for closing the deal. They include mortgage lender fees, titling fees, insurance fees, taxes, and appraisal fees. These costs are typically not covered by your down payment. Here’s a closer look at some upfront costs a buyer will face.
Earnest money Also known as a deposit, this is the money you put down to show the seller you’re serious about buying their place.
Down payment The amount you pay as a down payment will depend on the type of home loan. A conventional loan without private mortgage insurance (PMI) may call for a 20% down payment. On the other hand, you might get a conventional loan with mortgage insurance with a 3% down payment. A down payment for a Federal Housing Administration loan is typically around 3.5%, and Veterans Affairs loans or U.S. Department of Agriculture loans have no down payment required.
The more you can afford as a down payment, the less interest you will pay because the lender considers you less risky as a borrower.
Closing costs Your lender will charge you fees for administrative services, such as application, origination, and underwriting fees. And then there are transfer taxes associated with transferring the title from the seller to the buyer.
Recommended: First-Time Homebuyer Guide
Your mortgage payments pay down the principal and the interest on your loan. Proportionally, more of your payment will go toward interest rather than the principal at the beginning of the loan term, and at the end of the loan term, more of your payment will go toward paying down the principal.
If you paid less than 20 percent as a down payment, your mortgage lender may also require you to pay private mortgage insurance (PMI) on a monthly basis. However, there are also other long-term costs:
Property taxes These can add up to thousands of dollars a year and can change annually, or as often as your town raises taxes.
Home maintenance One rule of thumb is to set aside 1% of your home’s total value each year for maintenance costs.
HOA, condo, or co-op fees If your home is a condo or part of a homeowners association (HOA) or co-op, you will need to pay a monthly fee. The fee covers services such as grounds maintenance, use of a community center, and snow removal. HOA fees can range anywhere from $100 to $1,000.
Homeowners’ and hazard insurance Some areas are designated “high risk” for natural disasters, such as floods, earthquakes, wildfires, or severe storms. If your home is located in one of these areas, you will need to pay hazard insurance, which could cost between 0.25% to 0.33% of the home’s value paid annually.
Recommended: Home Loan Help Center
The table below shows the estimated monthly payments for a $700,000 mortgage loan for both a 15-year and a 30-year loan with interest rates varying from 5% to 8%.
Interest rate | 15-year term | 30-year term |
---|---|---|
5% | $5,567 | $3,779 |
5.5% | $5,752 | $3,997 |
6% | $5,941 | $4,221 |
6.5% | $6,133 | $4,450 |
7% | $6,328 | $4,684 |
7.5% | $6,526 | $4,922 |
8% | $6,728 | $5,166 |
The amount of interest accrued on a $700,000 mortgage will depend on the length of the loan and the interest rate. A shorter loan term will mean less accrued interest. For example, for a 15-year loan for $700,000 with a 6% interest rate, the interest would amount to around $363,259 over the life of the loan. For a 30-year loan with a 6% interest rate, the interest would be more than double at $810,867.
An amortization schedule for a mortgage loan tells you when your last payment will be and how much of your monthly payment goes toward paying off the principal and how much goes toward paying off the interest. At the beginning of the loan term, most of your payment will go toward the interest.
Below is the mortgage amortization breakdown for a $700,000 mortgage with a 6% interest rate for a 30-year loan.
Year | Beginning balance | Interest paid | Principal paid | Ending balance |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | $700,000.00 | $8,596.08 | $41,766.16 | $691,403.92 |
2 | $691,403.92 | $9,126.27 | $41,235.97 | $682,277.65 |
3 | $682,277.65 | $9,689.16 | $40,673.09 | $672,588.49 |
4 | $672,588.49 | $10,286.76 | $40,075.48 | $662,301.73 |
5 | $662,301.73 | $10,921.23 | $39,441.02 | $651,380.50 |
6 | $651,380.50 | $11,594.83 | $38,767.42 | $639,785.67 |
7 | $639,785.67 | $12,309.97 | $38,052.27 | $627,475.70 |
8 | $627,475.70 | $13,069.22 | $37,293.02 | $614,406.48 |
9 | $614,406.48 | $13,875.30 | $36,486.94 | $600,531.18 |
10 | $600,531.18 | $14,731.10 | $35,631.14 | $585,800.07 |
11 | $585,800.07 | $15,639.68 | $34,722.56 | $570,160.39 |
12 | $570,160.39 | $16,604.30 | $33,757.94 | $553,556.09 |
13 | $553,556.09 | $17,628.42 | $32,733.82 | $535,927.66 |
14 | $535,927.66 | $18,715.70 | $31,646.54 | $517,211.96 |
15 | $517,211.96 | $19,870.05 | $30,492.20 | $497,341.91 |
16 | $497,341.91 | $21,095.59 | $29,266.65 | $476,246.32 |
17 | $476,246.32 | $22,396.72 | $27,965.52 | $453,849.60 |
18 | $453,849.60 | $23,778.10 | $26,584.14 | $430,071.50 |
19 | $430,071.50 | $25,244.68 | $25,117.56 | $404,826.82 |
20 | $404,826.82 | $26,801.72 | $23,560.53 | $378,025.10 |
21 | $378,025.10 | $28,454.79 | $21,907.46 | $349,570.31 |
22 | $349,570.31 | $30,209.82 | $20,152.43 | $319,360.50 |
23 | $319,360.50 | $32,073.09 | $18,289.15 | $287,287.40 |
24 | $287,287.40 | $34,051.29 | $16,310.95 | $253,236.11 |
25 | $253,236.11 | $36,151.50 | $14,210.74 | $217,084.61 |
26 | $217,084.61 | $38,381.25 | $11,981.00 | $178,703.36 |
27 | $178,703.36 | $40,748.52 | $9,613.73 | $137,954.85 |
28 | $137,954.85 | $43,261.80 | $7,100.45 | $94,693.05 |
29 | $94,693.05 | $45,930.09 | $4,432.15 | $48,762.96 |
30 | $48,762.96 | $48,762.96 | $1,599.29 | $0.00 |
Let’s say you want to buy a home for $875,000 with a down payment of 20% or $175,000. To qualify for a 30-year mortgage loan of $700,000 with a 6% interest rate, you would need to earn around $180,000 annually. For a 15-year loan, you would need to earn around $253,000 annually.
This calculator shows you how much of a mortgage you can afford based on your gross annual income, your monthly spending, your down payment, and the interest rate.
When calculating how much a mortgage loan for $700,000 will cost per month, the principal and interest are two of the biggest components. However, there are other costs that may be included, such as private mortgage insurance. And don’t forget about closing costs as well.
The length of the loan will drastically affect the amount of interest paid over the life of the loan. For example, the interest paid on a 30-year loan versus a 15-year loan with a 6% interest rate could be more than double.
Looking for an affordable option for a home mortgage loan? SoFi can help: We offer low down payments (as little as 3% - 5%*) with our competitive and flexible home mortgage loans. Plus, applying is extra convenient: It's online, with access to one-on-one help.
The longer your loan term, the lower your monthly payment on a mortgage loan, but you will pay more interest over the life of the loan. The exact monthly payment for a $700,000 mortgage will depend on the interest rate and the loan term. The payment for a $700,000 30-year mortgage with a 6% interest rate is approximately $4,200. For a 15-year loan with the same interest rate, the monthly payment is around $5,900.
To buy a home for $875,000 with a down payment of 20% or 175K, and with a 30-year mortgage loan of $700,000 with a 6% interest rate, you would need to earn around $180,000 annually. For a 15-year loan, you would need to earn around $253,000 annually.
The down payment you will pay will depend on the type of mortgage and the lender. Some lenders accept 3%, while some expect 20%. If your down payment is less than 20%, you might have to add private mortgage insurance (PMI) to your monthly payments.
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*SoFi requires Private Mortgage Insurance (PMI) for conforming home loans with a loan-to-value (LTV) ratio greater than 80%. As little as 3% down payments are for qualifying first-time homebuyers only. 5% minimum applies to other borrowers. Other loan types may require different fees or insurance (e.g., VA funding fee, FHA Mortgage Insurance Premiums, etc.). Loan requirements may vary depending on your down payment amount, and minimum down payment varies by loan type.
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Read moreCrowdfunding allows businesses to raise capital by pooling together small amounts of money from many investors. This can include private investors, institutional investors, friends, and family. There are different types of crowdfunding, but they tend to share a common goal: helping entrepreneurs raise money for their business.
Entrepreneurs may raise money from the public through social media platforms or crowdfunding websites. This is an alternate take on the traditional methods of financing a business through equity or debt. Crowdfunding offers some advantages to business owners who may not qualify for traditional loans or would prefer to avoid them. There are, however, some potential downsides to know if you’re interested in exploring crowdfunding for business.
Crowdfunding is more or less exactly what it sounds like: funding that comes from the crowd. Note, though, that regulators like the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) have their own definition of crowdfunding — but for our purposes, a broad definition will do the trick. Generally, crowdfunding for business is subject to federal securities laws. That means any efforts to raise capital through the crowd require SEC registration.
💡 Quick Tip: How do you decide if a certain trading platform or app is right for you? Ideally, the investment platform you choose offers the features that you need for your investment goals or strategy, e.g., an easy-to-use interface, data analysis, educational tools.
The concept of raising capital as a collective effort is not a new one.
For example, Ireland launched several loan funds in the 1700s and 1800s to help less-advantaged people gain access to credit. A group of wealthier citizens pooled their money together to provide the funding for those loans.
More recently, online crowdfunding began at the start of this century. In 2003, ArtistShare became the first crowdfunding website, allowing people to collectively fund the efforts of artists. At the time, the platform used the term “fan-funding” rather than crowdfunding to describe its mission.
In 2006, entrepreneur Michael Sullivan coined the term “crowdfunding,” using it to describe an ultimately failed video-blog project for which he was seeking backers.
Crowdfunding began to move into the mainstream in 2008 and 2009, with the launch of companies such as Indiegogo and Kickstarter, respectively. Those websites allow supporters to help people build projects or businesses, but they do not receive equity in return.
In 2012, President Barack Obama signed into law the Jumpstart Our Business Startups (JOBS) Act, which included a provision allowing equity crowdfunding. This permitted early-stage businesses to sell securities to raise funds via online platforms. The SEC followed up with the adoption of Regulation Crowdfunding to oversee the crowdfunding provisions included in the JOBS Act.
In general, crowdfunding works by allowing multiple people to contribute money to a common cause. To launch a campaign, an entrepreneur will set up an account on an online crowdfunding platform.
Instead of presenting their product or service and their business plan to professional investors like venture capital firms, they’ll share it with the public and appeal for funds from them. The entrepreneurs will typically select a time period during which the investors can put money into the campaign to help it achieve its crowdfunding goal.
Crowdfunding is not a loan, in the traditional sense. The entrepreneur does not get the money they need to launch or scale your business from a lender. Instead, they tap into capital markets sourced from a group of people, which can include people they know as well as strangers.
With crowdfunding, anyone can invest but there are limits on the amount that can be invested in Regulation Crowdfunding during a 12-month period. These limits reflect their net worth and income.
Here’s a brief look at how crowdfunding works:
• If either your annual income or net worth is less than $107,000 you can invest up to the greater of either $2,200 or 5% of the lesser of your annual income or net worth during any 12-month period.
• If both your annual income and net worth are equal to or more than $107,000 you can invest up to 10% of your income or net worth, whichever is less but not more than $107,000 during any 12-month period.
If you’re an accredited investor, there are no limits on how much you can invest. An accredited investor has earned income of at least $200,000 ($300,000 for married couples) in each of the two prior years and a net worth of over $1 million. Individuals who hold certain financial professional certifications can also get accredited investor status.
It’s important to note that crowdfunding is not the same as launching an Initial Public Offering (IPO). IPOs involve taking a company public and offering shares to investors through a new stock issuance. This is another way businesses can raise capital.
The IPO process begins with getting an accurate business valuation. Once a company goes public, an IPO lock-up period prevents insiders who already own shares from selling them for a certain time period. This period may last anywhere from 90 to 180 days. When it’s over, investors can buy and sell shares of the company on public exchanges.
For businesses, an IPO could be an effective way to raise capital if there’s sufficient demand among investors who are interested in buying stock at IPO price. Meanwhile, IPO investing may be attractive to investors who are interested in getting on the ground floor of start-ups and early-stage companies.
There are different types of crowdfunding you can use to raise capital for your business. Each one works differently, though entrepreneurs may choose to use one or all of them for business fundraising. Here’s a closer look at how the various types of crowdfunding work.
Rewards-based crowdfunding allows you to raise capital from the crowd in exchange for some type of reward. For example, say you’re launching a start-up that produces eco-friendly water bottles. In exchange for funding your campaign, you may choose to offer your backers samples of your product.
This type of crowdfunding can be helpful for testing the waters, so to speak, to gauge interest in your product. If your campaign succeeds, that could be a sign that there’s sufficient consumer interest in your offerings. But if your efforts to raise capital fizzle, it could mean your idea needs some tweaking.
Donation-based crowdfunding allows you to raise funds on a donation basis, with no rewards offered. With this type of crowdfunding, you’re asking people to give money to your cause. Succeeding with this type of crowdfunding campaign may depend less on the product or service you’re trying to launch than on the story behind your business.
Equity crowdfunding allows you to raise capital for your business by offering unlisted shares or equity in your business to investors. This is the type of crowdfunding that falls under the Regulation Crowdfunding heading.
Equity crowdfunding can be better than rewards-based or donation-based crowdfunding if you need to raise large amounts of money for your business. The tradeoff, however, is that you have to be sure that you’re observing SEC regulations for launching this type of campaign and you’ll need to spend time carefully determining the value of your business.
Peer-to-peer (P2P) lending is another type of crowdfunding that allows businesses to raise capital through pooled loans. With this kind of crowdfunding, you borrow money from a group of investors. You then pay that money back over time with interest.
Getting a peer-to-peer loan may be preferable if you’d rather not give up equity shares in the business or deal with regulatory issues. And a P2P loan may be easier to qualify for compared to traditional business loans.
There is, however, the cost to consider. If you have a lower credit score, you could end up with a higher interest rate which would make this type of loan more expensive.
Relying on different crowdfunding methods can benefit businesses in a number of ways. Companies may lean toward crowdfunding in lieu of other financing methods, including debt financing with loans or equity financing through angel investors or venture capitalists. There are, however, some potential drawbacks associated with crowdfunding for business. Here’s a quick rundown of how both sides compare.
• Raise capital without trading equity. Venture capital and angel investments require businesses to trade equity or ownership shares for capital. Depending on the types of crowdfunding you’re using, you may not have to give up any ownership to get the capital you need.
• Increased visibility. Launching a crowdfunding campaign online through a funding platform and/or social media could help attract attention from investors and potential clients or customers alike, increasing brand awareness.
• Get funding when you can’t qualify for loans. If you’re having trouble getting approved for a business loan or start-up loan, crowdfunding could help you access the capital you need without having to meet a lender’s strict standards.
• Requires time and effort. Launching a successful crowdfunding campaign means doing your research to understand who your campaign is likely to reach and what kind of response it’s likely to get. In that sense, it can seem more complicated than filling out a loan application.
• No guarantees. Using crowdfunding to raise capital for your business is risky because there’s no guarantee that your campaign will attract the type or number of investors you need. It’s possible that you may put in a lot of work to promote a campaign only to come up short with funding.
• Fees. Crowdfunding platforms typically charge fees to launch and run a campaign. The fees can vary from platform to platform but it’s important to factor the costs in if you’re considering this fundraising method.
💡 Quick Tip: Newbie investors may be tempted to buy into the market based on recent news headlines or other types of hype. That’s rarely a good idea. Making good investment choices shouldn’t stem from strong emotions, but a solid strategy.
If you look at some of the most successful crowdfunding examples, you’ll see that it’s possible for companies to raise large amounts of capital this way. Some of the most successful crowdfunding campaigns, in terms of outpacing their original funding goals, include:
• The Micro, a 3D printer that raised $3.4 million in 11 minutes, easily surpassing its original $50,000 fundraising goal
• Reading Rainbow, which raised over $5 million and broke the Kickstarter record for having the most backers of any project
• Pono, which met its $800,000 goal within a day of campaign launch and went on to raise more than $6 million
• Pebble smartwatch, which with more than $10 million raised is the most funded Kickstarter campaign of all time
Whether crowdfunding, an IPO, or some other source of capital is right for your business depends on how much capital you need to raise, whether you’re interested in or able to qualify for loans, and what types of crowdfunding you’re interested in. Weighing the pros and cons and comparing crowdfunding to other types of equity and debt financing can help you decide what may work best for your business.
Crowdfunding involves raising capital for a business venture by soliciting a large number of small investors. Crowdfunding can also have appeal for investors as well, though it’s important to understand how SEC regulations work. It has pros and cons for both entrepreneurs and investors.
If you’re interested in funding up-and-coming companies without having to observe net worth and income requirements, IPO investing could make more sense. But that also comes with its pros and cons, and some significant risks.
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