25 Things to Know When Renting Out an Airbnb

25 Things to Know When Renting Out an Airbnb

Renting out part, or all, of your home on a rental platform can be a lucrative sideline. Just keep in mind that it can take an investment of time, effort, and money to create and maintain a welcoming space for guests. And, the plan could potentially backfire if you side-step some key legal and insurance steps.

To help ensure your venture is a success, here are some things you may want to consider before you start renting on Airbnb or a similar site.

1. Understanding Local Rental Laws

Before listing your home on a home-sharing site, it’s a good idea to research and make sure you fully understand local laws regarding renting out your home.

Laws that govern home shares vary around the country. In some cities, for instance, it’s illegal to rent a home as an Airbnb unless it’s your primary residence. In others, hosts can only rent out a portion of their home, and must be present during the guests’ stay. Laws about short-term rentals are also constantly changing.

If you own a condo or belong to a HOA, there may be other legal hoops to jump through, since you will likely need to get permission before opening your doors.

2. Checking With Your Landlord (if You’re Renting)

Looking to rent out a room in your home you rent? It can be wise to first carefully read through your own rental agreement.

Leases and agreements can contain language barring renters from subletting the home outright or without the express consent of the landlord. If you’re unsure even after reading the fine print, you may want to have a conversation about it with your landlord.

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3. Talking to Your Neighbors

While neighbors can’t tell you what you can and can’t do on your own property, they can make things difficult for you.

Prior to renting out your home, you may want to do the neighborly thing and pop in or give them a call to let them know what you are planning and do your best to ease any of their concerns. Who knows — they might even end up keeping an eye on the property for you while you’re away.

4. Being Prepared to Pay Taxes

Sure, renting your home on Airbnb may bring in a nice source of passive income. Like all income, however, this may be subject to state and federal taxes.

Generally, if you rent all or part of your home for more than 14 days in a year, you will need to pay taxes on the income. Vacation rental host sites typically send a Form 1099-K to hosts who had more than 200 reservations, earned over $20,000 in a year, or had taxes withheld from their payouts.

5. Considering All the Expenses Involved in Renting

While it may be more fun to think about the extra income that could result from your home rental, it can also be important to think about all the expenses involved.

For example, you may have to purchase items to get the space ready, along with any amenities you will offer guests (like toiletries or coffee), and cleaning supplies (or, pay for a cleaning service), and more.

You may want to make a list of all your potential expenses and consider how it will affect your potential profits.

💡 Quick Tip: If you’re creating a budget, try the 50/30/20 budget rule. Allocate 50% of your after-tax income to the “needs” of life, like living expenses and debt. Spend 30% on wants, and then save the remaining 20% towards saving for your long-term goals.

6. Finding a House Manager if You’d Rather Not do all the Work

Does managing your listing, bookings, and maintaining your rental property sound like a lot? You might consider hiring a manager to do it for you.

There are a number of property management companies around the country. that specialize in managing short-term home rentals.

These agencies will handle everything from writing (or boosting the exposure of) your listing to communicating with guests to cleaning and taking care of repairs. Some charge a commission (i.e., a percentage of bookings), while others charge a flat monthly service fee.

7. Making Space for Guests

Prior to accepting your first guests, it’s a good idea to make sure you have room for them — and that typically means more than just a clean, freshly made bed.

You may also want to offer some empty drawers so that guests can unpack their clothing, and possibly also a free shelf in the bathroom for their toiletries.

8. Putting Away Valuables

While it’s nice to think that everyone is trustworthy, that may not always be the case. It can be a good idea to safely stow away any valuables when you are opening your home to people you don’t know.

You can do this by getting a heavy-duty safe. Or, you might want to lock off one room of the home as an “owner’s closet” that guests cannot access.

9. Checking With Your Insurance Company

Airbnb offers its hosts its own insurance known as Host Protection . Though this covers a wide array of potential issues, including bodily injury to guests and any damage to the property, it may not cover everything. Plus, different home-rental platforms may offer different levels of insurance coverage.

It can be a good idea to also check in with your own homeowners or renters insurance to see what type of coverage these policies offer.

10. Writing a Detailed Description

Ready to list? When it’s time to write a description of your home, it’s a good idea to make your listing as detailed as possible, and even include the flaws of your home. A home need not be perfect to list on Airbnb. However, the company suggests that honesty is the best policy.

It can be a good idea to tell guests exactly what they’ll find when they arrive, as well as highlight your home’s special features, such as the location or unique amenities of your space. For more ways to make your listing stand out, you may want to check out Airbnb’s writing tips .

11. Taking High Quality Photos

Before taking photos of your space, you may want to spend some time arranging everything as if you were getting ready to welcome your first guest. This can help showcase your space to its best advantage, and also help set your guests’ expectations before they book.

It’s also a good idea to shoot in landscape format (photos in search results are typically displayed in landscape, so vertical photos won’t showcase your space as well), shoot in the middle of the day when there is plenty of light, and to highlight any unique features or amenities.

12. Creating an Information Binder

It can be helpful to make a packet of information for your guests which includes key information, such as the Wi-Fi password, your contact number, and house rules (such as check-out time and anything that guests need to take care of before they leave).

You may also want to include instructions on how to work on anything quirky, such as the television or coffee maker, as well as local entertainment and restaurant options.

13. Offering A Few Extra Amenities

There are millions of listings on Airbnb. If you’re hoping that your rental will make financial freedom a reality, you’ll want it to stand out from the crowd.

Throwing in some extras can help encourage guests to choose your home over others. Are you near a popular beach? You may want to consider keeping some beach chairs and sand toys stored in the garage for guests to use.

Simple add-ons, like the use of your bicycles or a parking tag, may not cost you much (or anything) to offer, yet significantly increase the popularity of your listing — along with your earnings.

14. Making a Decision about Pets or No Pets

Before you list your property it’s a good idea to decide if you want your home to be a space for pets or not.

This is a personal decision, but you may want to consider whether or not your space is well-suited for pets (a light suede couch, for example, might not last very long). If you do decide to make your home pet-friendly, you could add in an additional fee for cleaning.

15. Learning How to Price a Property Right

You may think your home looks and feels like a million bucks, but that doesn’t mean travelers will pay a premium.

To understand how to price an Airbnb listing correctly, it’s a good idea to comb through comparable listings in your area to get a sense of what other people are charging.

You can also use a free calculator like airDNA . You just need to input all your data, including home size, if it’s pet-friendly, location, etc., to get a recommended price for your listing.

Recommended: How to Invest in Single-Family Rental Homes

💡 Quick Tip: An emergency fund or rainy day fund is an important financial safety net. Aim to have at least three to six months’ worth of basic living expenses saved in case you get a major unexpected bill or lose income.

16. Deciding How You Want to “Screen” Guests

It is against Airbnb’s nondiscrimination policy to decline a booking based on “race, color, ethnicity, national origin, religion, sexual orientation, gender identity, or marital status” or impose different standards for specific guests.

What hosts can screen for are people who may not be a good fit for their property by being as descriptive as possible in their listing. If your home is not a good fit for children, you may want to make that clear in your listing.

Do you want to limit the noise after specific hours to respect neighbors? You may want to be specific about that in your listing so you bring in the type of customer you are hoping to attract.

17. Learning About Enhanced Cleaning Standards

Airbnb, along with other rental platforms, now require hosts to use an enhanced five-step cleaning protocol to help curb the spread of Covid-19.

The protocol includes special measures, such as using disinfectants approved by your local regulatory agencies for use against Covid-19 on all high-touch surfaces (and letting them stand for the amount of time specified on the label) and washing all dishes and laundry at the highest heat setting possible.

18. Thinking About Turnover Time

Before you rent all or part of your home on a rental platform you will want to think about not only when you want to rent your home out, but also how long it will take you to get it properly cleaned (using the five-step protocol) and ready for the next guests.

Will you need 24 hours between guests or can you get the home ready in just a couple of hours? This will determine exactly what dates you are able to accept guests, as well as what check-in time you want to put in your listing.

19. Testing Your Rental With Friends

When you’re getting close to listing your space, you may want to try testing out the system with a few friends.

Inviting people you know and trust to rent your space (free of charge or for a low fee) won’t do much to get that extra income stream flowing, but it can help you work out the kinks, as well as garner you some (hopefully positive!) reviews.

Friends can also tell you honestly what you might do differently or change to improve the rental experience. This way, you’ll feel confident once people you don’t know arrive.

20. Being Ready for Bookings Right Away

With millions of users all over the world, it may be a good idea to go into listing your property believing you’ll receive guests right away.

While this may not happen, it’s better to be prepared for visitors, than wait to see how your listing performs before readying your space for guests.

21. Looking At Your Reviews

After guests depart they may leave you a review of their stay. It’s a good idea to not only look at the reviews but to take them to heart. Reviews can make or break Airbnb rentals.

While it can be tough to digest criticism of your home, if guests complain about something that can be easily fixed, it can be in your best interest to fix it.

Reading positive reviews can be a good way to see your rental from an outsider’s perspective and make changes to improve your listing.

22. Accepting the Fact You Can’t Please Everyone

Sometimes, people are just difficult, or nitpicky, or just aren’t the right match for your listing and will leave a nasty review that feels unwarranted.

If you see a review that falls into that camp, it can be wise to just forget it and move on. This can often be a better approach than starting a fight in the comment section, which may only end up making you look bad to potential future guests.

23. Working Toward Superhost Status

Becoming an Airbnb superhost can increase your earnings by giving your more visibility and letting guests know that they can expect the best when staying with you.

Superhosts are featured in search results and get a Superhost badge on their profiles and listings to help them stand out. After each year as a Superhost, they’ll get a $100 travel coupon.

To become a Superhost, hosts must complete at least 10 stays in the past year (or 100 nights over at least three completed stays), have a 4.8 or higher average overall rating, respond to 90% of new messages within 24 hours, and cancel bookings less than 1% of the time.

Recommended: Is It Smart to Buy an Investment Property While Renting?

24. Deciding If Airbnb Is the Only Platform for You

After deciding to list on Airbnb, it’s then time to decide if that’s enough. There are, after all, a number of other home rental platforms to choose from, including Vrbo, Booking.com , and Flipkey . It’s up to you how many different listings you’re willing to maintain.

25. Keeping Your Calendar Up to Date

Once you list your home on Airbnb (or any other rental platform), it can be wise to keep your rental calendar as up-to-date as possible. This way, guests don’t accidentally book a stay when you have your in-laws visiting or when you otherwise want to use your own space.

If a date looks to be free to a potential guest but you forgot to mark it as unavailable, it can become a frustrating experience for both parties.

The Takeaway

If you have an extra room, or your home is vacant for several months out of the year, you may be tempted to list it on a home rental site.

But before you start posting photos on Airbnb, there are several things you may want to think through — from legal and insurance issues to the time and expense involved in getting (and keeping) your space ready for guests.

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What Determines a Stock Price?

Stock share prices go up and down throughout each trading day, and on a basic level, share prices for stocks traded on public stock exchanges are determined through supply and demand. Demand is determined by expectations and emotions.

What this means is if there is less supply of a stock, there may be more demand for it since it’s more rare. In that situation, the price of the stock will rise. Conversely, if there is more supply and less demand, the stock price will decrease. If either of these trends continues for a lengthened period of time, it can lead to a bull or bear market in which there’s an ongoing trend of increasing or decreasing prices.

7 Factors That Determine Stock Price

Beyond the basic principles of supply and demand, there are other factors that contribute to changes in stock prices. Those include investor behavior, the news cycle and earnings data, and more.

Investor Behavior

A current stock price is based on a prediction of the future success of a company. Hypothetically, if investors have reason to believe that a company will be successful in the future, they will invest in the company, causing the price of shares to increase. Similarly, if the outlook for a company is negative, investors may sell off the shares they own, causing the price to decrease.

Basically, if a few million people think that Company X is going to be successful in the near future and that shares of Company X will see price appreciation, that will lead them to buy the stock and its price will increase.

Emotions such as fear, panic, anxiety, greed, and hope can have a significant impact on investor behavior. This is the basis of the field of behavioral finance. There are a few different ways investors try to predict the future success of companies.

Company News and Data

You should know that stock price predictions can be made based on reading charts and making calculations, as well as looking at news stories, fundamental analysis like reading over company earnings and reports, and other information. News about changes in management, production, scandals, and other stories can cause share prices to quickly change.

World Events

Beyond news and outlooks specifically related to companies, outside factors can also influence investor behavior. For instance, a presidential election, a pandemic, political unrest, or signs of a recession can create panic in the market, influencing investors to sell off stock shares in order to protect from losses or put their money into safer investments.

Usually there is some up or down price movement in stock prices, and some stocks are more volatile than others. It’s rare for prices to completely stop moving or remain static. It’s also rare for prices to drastically increase or decrease suddenly, but this is what happens during a market crash.

A market crash can happen when many investors begin to sell, creating a snowball effect where more and more investors pull their money out of the stock market. At that point, the market could crash, resulting in actual losses that wouldn’t have occurred if people hadn’t sold.

Stock Buybacks

Another factor that can affect stock price is company buybacks of stocks. Companies will sometimes buy back their own stock from investors, thereby reducing the supply of shares to the public. They do this in an attempt to increase stock prices. If companies issue more shares of stock, they are then increasing the supply, which can cause the price to decrease.

Primary and Secondary Markets

When some companies first start selling stock to the public, they hold an IPO, or initial public offering. At the time of the IPO, an initial share price is set and investors can begin to buy the stock at that price. After the IPO ends, the stock gets listed on stock exchanges and the price starts to fluctuate as shares get bought and sold — and supply and demand begin to play a role in share price.

When companies don’t have an IPO, their shares get bought and sold privately, in which case share price is determined between the buyer and seller.

Stock Valuation

The valuation of a stock is made by looking at the company’s past and projected earnings, large trades made by institutional investors, overall market trends of the S&P 500, and ratios and calculations made by analysts.

Four ratios and calculations that are used to determine the valuation of a stock are price-to-earnings (P/E) ratio, price-to-book (P/B ratio), price-to-earnings-to-growth (PEG) ratio, and dividend yield. These calculations can help investors figure out whether a stock is currently under- or overvalued.

Bid and Ask Price

A share price ultimately gets determined through the bid, ask, and sale price on stock exchanges. The bid price is the maximum amount an investor will pay for shares of a stock, while the ask price is the lowest price a seller will accept. When the two prices match up, a sale is made, and that price sets the new price per share of the stock. Ultimately it gets down to what someone is willing to pay and if a stock owner is willing to sell to them at that price.

What someone is willing to pay or sell for is determined by psychological and market factors, as discussed. If a buyer thinks the stock is undervalued at the asking price, they will buy, and vice versa. Generally the difference between the bid and ask price isn’t very large, but if a stock doesn’t have a large trading volume it can be.

Companies that are a similar size or have a similar valuation can have very different share prices because the number of shares each company issues can differ greatly. Because of different market caps and numbers of liquid shares, the share price doesn’t say much about the actual value of the company, and one can’t use share prices to compare companies. However, the share price does reflect what investors currently think the stock of a company is worth.

How to Handle Changes in Stock Price

Attempting to time the market is extremely challenging, and can result in significant losses, not to mention anxiety. Once an investor sells a stock, they are then in the difficult position of trying to figure out when and whether to buy back into it at a lower price, if it even continues to decrease in value. Likewise, they could sell at what they think is the peak of the market, only to watch the price continue to rise.

Historically, the stock market has continued to rise over the long term, with plenty of ups and downs along the way. Although past trends are never a guarantee of future outcomes, it’s likely that investors with a longer time horizon, who are willing to hold onto their stocks throughout up and down cycles, will eventually see positive returns.

That said, market volatility can provide opportunities to invest when the stock market is down, or sell at higher prices, especially if they were already considering buying or selling a stock.

The Takeaway

Ultimately, supply and demand drive stock prices — which is informed by market conditions, world events, and investor behavior, among other influences. Although there is no way to look into the future to predict share prices, investors tend to look at past performance, charts, and market trends to attempt to predict price movements. In general, it’s best not to try and time the market, but to focus on building a solid long-term portfolio that will grow over time.

There are numerous investing strategies to explore, too, and some of them don’t involve investors worrying too much about stock prices in the immediate term.

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What Are Convertible Bonds?: Convertible bonds are a form of corporate debt that also offers the opportunity to own the company’s stock.

What Are Convertible Bonds?

Convertible bonds are a form of corporate debt that also offers the opportunity to own the company’s stock. Like regular bonds, they offer regular interest payments. But they also allow investors to convert the bonds into stock according to a fixed ratio. As such, they’re often referred to as “hybrid securities.”

Most convertible bonds give investors a choice. They can hold the bond until maturity, or convert it to stock. This structure protects investors if the price of the stock falls below the level when the convertible bond was issued, because the investor can choose to simply hold onto the bond and collect the interest.

How Do Convertible Bonds Work?

Companies will often choose to issue convertible bonds to raise capital in order to not alienate their existing shareholders. That’s because shareholders often react badly when a company issues new shares, as it can drive down the price of existing shares, often through a process called stock dilution.

Convertible bonds are also attractive to issue for companies because the coupon — or interest payments — on them tend to be lower than for regular bonds. This can be helpful for companies who are looking to borrow money more cheaply.

Every convertible bond has its own conversion ratio. For instance, a bond with a conversion ratio of 5:1 ratio would allow the holder of one bond to convert that security into five shares of the company’s common stock.

Every convertible bond also comes with its own conversion price, which is set when the conversion ratio is decided. That information can be found in the bond indenture of convertible bonds.

Convertible bonds can come with a wide range of terms. For instance, with mandatory convertible bonds, investors must convert these bonds at a pre-set price conversion ratio. There are also reverse convertible bonds, which give the company — not the investor or bondholder — the choice of when to convert the bond to equity shares, or to keep the bond in place until maturity.

But it also allows the investor to convert the bond to stock when they’d make money by converting the bond to shares of stock when the share price is higher than the value of the bond, plus the remaining interest payments.

How Big Is the Convertible Bond Market?

In 2022, the size of the global convertible bond market was estimated to be about $375 billion. Securities have been issued by hundreds of companies. But note that these numbers are miniscule compared to the U.S. equity market, which has trillions in value and thousands of stocks.

The total size of the convertible bond market does expand and contract, though, often with the cycling of the economy. As such, it’s likely that the market could be bigger or smaller a year from now.

Reasons to Invest in Convertible Bonds

Why have investors turned to convertible bonds? One reason is that convertible bonds can offer a degree of downside protection from the bond component during stock volatility. The companies behind convertibles are obligated to pay back the principal and interest.

Meanwhile, they can also offer attractive upside, since if the stock market looks like it’ll be rising, investors have the option to convert their bonds into shares. Traditionally, when stocks win big, convertibles can deliver solid returns and outpace the yields offered by the broader bond market. However, when stocks retreat, convertibles tend to deliver short-term losses.

For example, In 2020, the U.S. convertibles market returned a blockbuster 43%, making it one of the top performing global asset classes. The convertibles market also did well in 2009, just as the global economy was recovering from the financial crisis, when it returned 49%.

Downsides of Convertible Bonds

One of the biggest disadvantages of convertible bonds is that they usually come with a lower interest payment than what the company would offer on an ordinary bond. And the chance to save on debt service is a big reason that companies issue convertibles. So for investors who are primarily interested in income, convertibles may not be the best fit.

There are also risks. Different companies issue convertible debt for different reasons, and they’re not always good. Convertible financing is sometimes labeled “death spiral financing.”

The death spiral is when convertible bonds drive the creation of an increasing number of shares of stock, which drives down the price of all the shares on the market. The death spiral tends to occur when a convertible allows buyers with a large premium to convert into shares at a fixed conversion ratio in which the buyer has a large premium.

This can happen when a bond’s face value is lower than the convertible value. That can lead to a mass conversion to stock, followed by quick sales, which drives the price down further.

Those sales, along with the dilution of the share price can, in turn, cause more bondholders to convert, given that the lower share price will grant them yet more shares at conversion. Being one of the shareholders who makes something out of such a catastrophe can be a matter of close study and good timing.

How to Invest in Convertible Bonds

Most convertibles are sold through private placements to institutional investors, so retail or individual investors may find it difficult to buy them.

But individual investors who want to jump into the convertibles market can turn to a host of mutual funds and exchange-traded funds (ETFs) to choose from. But because convertibles, as hybrid securities, are each so individual when it comes to their pricing, yields, structure and terms, each manager approaches them differently. And it can pay to research the fund closely before investing.

For investors, one major advantage of professionally managed convertible bonds funds is that the managers of those funds know how to optimize features like embedded options, which many investors could overlook. Managers of larger funds can also trade in the convertible markets at lower costs and influence the structure and price of new deals to their advantage.

Recommended: How to Trade Options

The Takeaway

Convertible bonds are debt securities that can be converted to common stock shares. These hybrid securities offer interest payments, along with the chance to convert bonds into stock.

While convertible bonds are complex instruments that may not be suitable for all investors, they can offer diversification, particularly during volatile periods in the equity market. Investors can gain exposure to convertible bonds by putting money into mutual funds or ETFs that specialize in them.

Ready to invest in your goals? It’s easy to get started when you open an investment account with SoFi Invest. You can invest in stocks, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), mutual funds, alternative funds, and more. SoFi doesn’t charge commissions, but other fees apply (full fee disclosure here).

For a limited time, opening and funding an Active Invest account gives you the opportunity to get up to $1,000 in the stock of your choice.


SoFi Invest®

INVESTMENTS ARE NOT FDIC INSURED • ARE NOT BANK GUARANTEED • MAY LOSE VALUE

SoFi Invest encompasses two distinct companies, with various products and services offered to investors as described below: Individual customer accounts may be subject to the terms applicable to one or more of these platforms.
1) Automated Investing and advisory services are provided by SoFi Wealth LLC, an SEC-registered investment adviser (“SoFi Wealth“). Brokerage services are provided to SoFi Wealth LLC by SoFi Securities LLC.
2) Active Investing and brokerage services are provided by SoFi Securities LLC, Member FINRA (www.finra.org)/SIPC(www.sipc.org). Clearing and custody of all securities are provided by APEX Clearing Corporation.
For additional disclosures related to the SoFi Invest platforms described above please visit SoFi.com/legal.
Neither the Investment Advisor Representatives of SoFi Wealth, nor the Registered Representatives of SoFi Securities are compensated for the sale of any product or service sold through any SoFi Invest platform.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Claw Promotion: Customer must fund their Active Invest account with at least $25 within 30 days of opening the account. Probability of customer receiving $1,000 is 0.028%. See full terms and conditions.

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Value vs Growth Stocks

Generally speaking, value stocks are shares of companies that have fallen out of favor and are valued less than their actual worth. Growth stocks are shares of companies that demonstrate a strong potential to increase revenue or earnings thereby ramping up their stock price. The terms value and growth refer to both two categories of stocks and two investment “styles” or approaches of investing in stock.

Each style has pros and cons. When value investing, investors can buy shares or fractional shares of a company that has strong fundamentals at bargain prices. However, investors must be careful not to fall in a “value trap”—buying stocks that appear cheap, but are actually trading at a discount due to poor fundamentals.

What Are Value Stocks?

When investors hunt for value stocks, they are looking for stocks that are relatively cheap, unfashionable, or that they believe aren’t receiving a fair market valuation. Value investors try to identify value stocks by examining quarterly and annual financial statements and comparing what they see to the price the stock is getting on the market.

Investors will also look at a number of valuation metrics to determine whether the stock is cheap relative to its own trading history, its industry, and other benchmarks, such as the S&P 500 index.

For example, investors often look at price-to-earnings (P/E) ratio, which is the ratio of price per share over earnings per share. Some experts say that a value stock’s P/E should be 40% less than the stock’s highest P/E in the previous five years.

Investors may also look at price-to-book, which is the price per share over book value per share. A stock’s book value is a company’s total assets minus its liability and provides an estimate of a company’s value if it were liquidated.

Value investors are hoping to buy a quality stock when its price is in a temporary lull, holding it until the market corrects and the stock price goes up to a point that better reflects the underlying value of the company.

What Could Make a Stock Undervalued?

There are a number of reasons that a stock could be undervalued.

•   A stock could be cyclical, meaning it’s tied to the movements of the market. While the company itself might be strong, market fluctuations may temporarily cause its price to dip.

Recommended: Cyclical vs Non Cyclical Stocks

•   An entire sector of the market could be out of favor, causing the price of a specific stock to dip. For example, a pharmaceutical company with an effective new drug might be priced low if the health care sector is generally on the outs with investors.

•   Bad press could cause share prices to drop.

•   Companies can simply be overlooked by investors looking in a different direction.

What Are Growth Stocks?

Growth stocks are shares of companies that demonstrate the potential for high earnings or sales, often rising faster than the rest of the market. These companies tend to reinvest their earnings back into their business to continue their company’s growth spurt, as opposed to paying out dividends to shareholders. Growth investors are betting that a company that’s growing fast now, will continue to grow quickly in the future.

To spot growth stocks, investors look for companies that are not only expanding rapidly but may be leaders in their industry. For example, a company may have developed a new technology that gives it a competitive edge over similar companies.

There are also a number of metrics growth investors may examine to help them identify growth stocks. First, investors may look at price-to-sales (P/S), or price per share over sales per share. Not all growth companies are profitable, and P/S allows investors to see how quickly a company is expanding without factoring in its costs.

Investors may also look at price-to-earnings growth (PEG), which is P/E over projected earnings growth. A PEG of 1 or more typically suggests that investors are overvaluing a stock, while PEG of less than one may mean the stock is relatively cheap. PEG is a useful metric for investors who want to consider both value and growth investing.

Investors jumping into growth stocks may be buying a stock that is already valued relatively high. In doing so, they run the risk of losing a potentially significant amount of money if an unforeseen event causes prices to tumble in the future.

How Are Growth and Value Strategies Similar?

While growth and value investing are two different investment strategies, distinctions between the two are not hard and fast — there can be quite a bit of overlap. Investors may see that stocks listed in a growth fund are also listed in a value fund depending on the criteria used to choose the stock.

What’s more, growth stocks may evolve into value stocks, and value stocks can become growth stocks. For example, say a small technology company develops a new product that attracts a lot of investor attention and it starts to use that capital to grow its business more quickly, shifting from value to growth.

Investors practicing growth and value strategies also have the same end goal in mind: They want to buy stocks when they are relatively cheap and sell them again when prices have gone up. Value investors are simply looking to do this with companies that are already on solid financial footing, and hopefully, see stock price appreciation should rise as a result. And growth investors are looking for companies with a lot of potential whose stock price will hopefully jump in the future.

Using Growth and Value Strategies Together

The stock market goes through natural cycles during which either growth or value stocks will be up. Investors who want to capture the potential benefits of each may choose to employ both strategies over the long term. Doing so may add diversity to an investor’s portfolio and head off the temptation to chase trends if one style pulls ahead of the other.

Investors who don’t want to analyze individual stocks for growth or value potential can access these strategies through growth or value funds. Because of the cyclical nature of growth and value investing, investors may want to keep a close eye on their portfolios to ensure they stay balanced — and consider rebalancing their portfolio if market cycles shift their asset allocation.

The Takeaway

Growth and value are different strategies for investing in stocks. Investing in growth stocks is considered a bit riskier, though it also may provide potentially higher returns than value investing. That said, growth stocks have not always outperformed value stocks.

As a result, some investors may choose to build a diversified portfolio that includes each style so they have a better chance of reaping benefits when one is outperforming the other.

Ready to invest in your goals? It’s easy to get started when you open an Active Invest account with SoFi Invest. You can invest in stocks, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), and more. SoFi doesn’t charge commissions, but other fees apply (full fee disclosure here).

For a limited time, opening and funding an Active Invest account gives you the opportunity to get up to $1,000 in the stock of your choice.


SoFi Invest®

INVESTMENTS ARE NOT FDIC INSURED • ARE NOT BANK GUARANTEED • MAY LOSE VALUE

SoFi Invest encompasses two distinct companies, with various products and services offered to investors as described below: Individual customer accounts may be subject to the terms applicable to one or more of these platforms.
1) Automated Investing and advisory services are provided by SoFi Wealth LLC, an SEC-registered investment adviser (“SoFi Wealth“). Brokerage services are provided to SoFi Wealth LLC by SoFi Securities LLC.
2) Active Investing and brokerage services are provided by SoFi Securities LLC, Member FINRA (www.finra.org)/SIPC(www.sipc.org). Clearing and custody of all securities are provided by APEX Clearing Corporation.
For additional disclosures related to the SoFi Invest platforms described above please visit SoFi.com/legal.
Neither the Investment Advisor Representatives of SoFi Wealth, nor the Registered Representatives of SoFi Securities are compensated for the sale of any product or service sold through any SoFi Invest platform.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Claw Promotion: Customer must fund their Active Invest account with at least $25 within 30 days of opening the account. Probability of customer receiving $1,000 is 0.028%. See full terms and conditions.

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Why Index Fund Returns Vary from Fund to Fund

Why Index Fund Returns Vary from Fund to Fund

The performance of index funds can vary based on which index the fund tracks and how the stock market performs as a whole. Index funds can offer a simplified approach to portfolio building when the primary goal is to meet, rather than beat, the market’s performance.

In simple terms, these mutual funds or exchange-traded funds (ETFs) seek to track the performance of a particular stock market index or benchmark. While these funds can offer some insulation against volatility, it’s important to understand which factors drive index funds returns.

What are Index Funds, Exactly?

An index fund is a type of mutual fund that’s designed to track the performance of a stock market index, by investing in some or all of the securities tracked by that particular index.

An index represents a collection of securities, which may include stocks, bonds, and other assets. Stock indexes can cover one particular sector of the market or a select grouping of companies. Examples of well-known stock indices include the S&P 500 Index and the Russell 2000 Index.

What Determines Index Fund Returns?

Even though they tend to have a similar purpose and function inside a portfolio, the return on index funds isn’t identical from one fund to the next. Some index funds can lose money, too. Factors that can influence index funds’ returns include:

•   Which specific index they track

•   Whether that index is:

◦   Cap-weighted, in which each security is weighted by the total market value of their shares.

◦   Price-weighted, in which the per share price of each security in the index determines its value.

◦   Equal-weighted, in which all of the securities being tracked are assigned an equal weight for determining value.

•   Number of securities held by the fund

•   Geographic classification of fund securities

•   Expense ratio and fees

•   Overall market conditions

•   Tracking error

Together, these factors can influence how well one index fund performs versus another.

Index Tracking

First, consider which benchmark an index fund tracks. There can be significant differences in the makeup of various indexes. For instance, the S&P 500 covers the 500 largest publicly traded companies while the Russell 2000 Index includes 2000 small-cap U.S. companies.

Large-cap stocks can perform very differently from small-cap stocks, which translates to differences in index fund returns. Between the two, large-cap companies tend to be viewed as more stable while smaller-cap companies are seen as riskier. Large-cap companies may fare better during periods of increased market volatility but in an extended downturn, small-cap companies may outperform their larger counterparts.

Index Weighting

Cap-weighted, price-weighted, and equal-weighted indexes all have the potential to perform differently, because each company’s stock may have different weight in each of these types of funds. For example, if a stock in an equal-weighted index filled with 500 stocks performs poorly, those shares represent 1/500th of performance. On the other hand, if the same stock performs poorly in a cap-weighted fund and it happens to have a very high market cap, it may represent a larger percentage of performance.

For these reasons, it’s also important to know how many securities are held by the fund. The more financial securities in a given fund, the greater the likelihood that a poorly performing one will be balanced by others.

Geographic Classification

Even when two index funds both follow the same formula with regard to market capitalization, returns can still differ if each fund offers a different geographic exposure. For example, a fund that tracks a global market index and includes a mix of international and domestic stocks may not yield the same results as an index fund that focuses exclusively on U.S. companies.

Funds that track global indexes can also differ when it comes to how they characterize certain markets. For instance, what one fund considers to be a developed country may be another index fund’s emerging market. That in turn can influence index fund returns.

Expense Ratio and Fees

Index funds are generally passive, rather than active, since the turnover of assets inside the fund is typically low. This allows for lower expense ratios, which represent the annual cost of owning a mutual fund or ETF each year, expressed as a percentage of fund assets. Generally, index funds carry lower expense ratios compared to actively managed funds but they aren’t all the same in terms of where they land on the pricing spectrum.

The industry average expense ratio for index funds tends to be a bit more than 0.5%, though it’s possible to find index funds with expense ratios well below that mark. The higher the expense ratio, the more you’ll hand back in various fees to own that index fund each year, reducing your overall returns.

In terms of fees, some of the costs you might pay include:

•   Sales loads

•   Redemption fees

•   Exchange fees

•   Account fees

•   Purchase fees

When comparing index fund costs, it’s important to keep the expense ratio, fees, and historical performance in mind. Finding an index fund with an exceptionally low expense ratio, for instance, may not be that much of a bargain if it comes with high sales load fees. But a fund that charges a higher expense ratio may be justifiable if it’s consistently outperformed similar index funds year over year.

Tracking Error

Tracking errors can significantly impact your return on index funds. This occurs when an index fund doesn’t accurately track the performance of its underlying index or benchmark.

Tracking errors are often tied to issues with the fund, rather than its index. For example, if a fund’s composition doesn’t accurately reflect the composition of the index it tracks then performance results are more likely to be skewed. Excessive fees or a too-high expense ratio can also throw a fund’s tracking off.

What Are Good Index Fund Returns?

What is a good return on investment for an index fund? Given that the return on index funds can vary, the simplest answer may be to look at the stock market’s historical performance as a whole.

The S&P 500 Index is often used as a primary market benchmark for measuring returns year over year. The average annualized return for the S&P 500 Index since its inception — including dividends and adjusted for inflation — is 8.7%. Following that logic, a good return on investment for an index fund would be around the same.

You could also use the fund’s individual index as a means of measuring its performance. Comparing the fund’s performance to the index’s performance month to month or year over year can give you an idea of whether it’s living up to its expected return potential.

Are Index Funds a Good Investment?

Index funds may appeal to one type of investor more than another, which is why it’s always important to do your research before determining what will be a good fit for your portfolio.

Investors who prefer a low-cost, passive approach may lean toward index investing for growing potential for wealth long-term. Index funds can offer several advantages, including simplified diversification and consistent returns over time.

For example, if your investment goals include keeping costs low while producing consistent returns with lower fees, then index investing maybe a good choice. You may also appreciate how easy it is to buy index funds or ETFs and use them to create a diversified portfolio.

Index funds can help with pursuing a goals-based investing approach, which focuses on investing to meet specific goals rather than attempting to beat the market. When comparing index funds, pay attention to the fund makeup, its costs, historical performance, turnover ratio and the potential for tracking errors.

The Takeaway

A number of factors helps explain why different index funds have different returns — including, but not limited to, which index they track and how it’s weighted, the geographic classification of the fund securities, expense ratios, and overall market conditions.

But keep in mind: Unless you have a crystal ball, there’s no way to predict exactly how an index fund will perform. But getting to know what differentiates one index fund or ETF from the next can help with making more informed decisions about which ones to buy.

Ready to invest in your goals? It’s easy to get started when you open an Active Invest account with SoFi Invest. You can invest in stocks, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), and more. SoFi doesn’t charge commissions, but other fees apply (full fee disclosure here).

For a limited time, opening and funding an Active Invest account gives you the opportunity to get up to $1,000 in the stock of your choice.


SoFi Invest®

INVESTMENTS ARE NOT FDIC INSURED • ARE NOT BANK GUARANTEED • MAY LOSE VALUE

SoFi Invest encompasses two distinct companies, with various products and services offered to investors as described below: Individual customer accounts may be subject to the terms applicable to one or more of these platforms.
1) Automated Investing and advisory services are provided by SoFi Wealth LLC, an SEC-registered investment adviser (“SoFi Wealth“). Brokerage services are provided to SoFi Wealth LLC by SoFi Securities LLC.
2) Active Investing and brokerage services are provided by SoFi Securities LLC, Member FINRA (www.finra.org)/SIPC(www.sipc.org). Clearing and custody of all securities are provided by APEX Clearing Corporation.
For additional disclosures related to the SoFi Invest platforms described above please visit SoFi.com/legal.
Neither the Investment Advisor Representatives of SoFi Wealth, nor the Registered Representatives of SoFi Securities are compensated for the sale of any product or service sold through any SoFi Invest platform.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Fund Fees
If you invest in Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs) through SoFi Invest (either by buying them yourself or via investing in SoFi Invest’s automated investments, formerly SoFi Wealth), these funds will have their own management fees. These fees are not paid directly by you, but rather by the fund itself. these fees do reduce the fund’s returns. Check out each fund’s prospectus for details. SoFi Invest does not receive sales commissions, 12b-1 fees, or other fees from ETFs for investing such funds on behalf of advisory clients, though if SoFi Invest creates its own funds, it could earn management fees there.
SoFi Invest may waive all, or part of any of these fees, permanently or for a period of time, at its sole discretion for any reason. Fees are subject to change at any time. The current fee schedule will always be available in your Account Documents section of SoFi Invest.


Claw Promotion: Customer must fund their Active Invest account with at least $25 within 30 days of opening the account. Probability of customer receiving $1,000 is 0.028%. See full terms and conditions.

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