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There are many different types of college financial aid available to college-bound students, with student loans being an option that many students consider. Roughly 46 million students have federal student loan debt.

Students who need additional financial aid can choose between federal student loans or private student loans. However, there are many benefits of federal student loans that private loans don’t always guarantee.

10 Benefits of Federal Student Loans

1. No Credit History Is Required

A significant advantage of federal student loans is that many government-owned student loans don’t require a credit history or credit check. The only federal student loan that requires a credit check to determine eligibility is a Direct PLUS Loan.

To see if you’re eligible for federal student loans, you’ll need to submit a completed Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA®).

Recommended: How Credit History can Impact Student Loans

2. No Cosigner Required

Private student loan lenders might require a cosigner for student borrowers who don’t have a credit history or credit score. However, students who haven’t established their credit are still eligible to apply for a federal loan without a cosigner.

Having no cosigner requirement is an additional step to lending that federal student loan borrowers can avoid.

3. Fixed Interest Rates

Fixed interest rates are among the notable benefits of student loans owned by the Department of Education.

Generally, private student loans allow borrowers to choose between fixed or variable interest rates. A fixed rate doesn’t increase or decrease throughout the loan term, making monthly payment amounts easier to anticipate.

Variable student loan rates can be advantageous during a low-rate environment, but borrowers risk their interest rate changing at any point during the repayment term. This variable feature can make it more challenging to predict how much money to budget toward monthly payments during repayment.

4. Low Interest Rates

A higher interest rate increases how much you’ll pay toward your college education overall. Generally, federal student loan rates are lower than private student loans or when using high-interest credit cards to pay for college expenses.

5. Interest Doesn’t Accrue During College

Federal Direct Subsidized Loans are designed so that borrowers aren’t responsible for paying back interest that accrues while in school.

Interest that accrues on loans from this federal program is paid by the government while the student is enrolled at an eligible school at least half-time. When you leave school, any interest that accrues on Direct Subsidized Loans is the borrower’s responsibility to repay. Students who borrow Direct Unsubsidized Loans or PLUS Loans are responsible for repaying interest that accrues while they are in school. Subsidized federal loans are only available to undergraduates.

6. Forbearance and Deferment Options

Some private loan lenders offer forbearance and deferment options to borrowers who need to temporarily pause their student debt repayment. However, these options vary between lenders and some might not offer forbearance and deferment at all.

An advantage of federal student loans is that they offer extensive forbearance and deferment options for different situations. For example, eligible borrowers can request deferment while undergoing cancer treatment, during economic hardship, while enrolled in school, during unemployment, and more.

Federal student loans offer general or mandatory forbearance, depending on your situation. Borrowers who are eligible for forbearance can request it if they need to pause or reduce their monthly payment for a short period.

7. Repayment Grace Period

Another benefit of federal student loans is that they come with an automatic six-month grace period. The grace period kicks in when the student graduates, leaves school, or drops below half-time enrollment.

This time frame gives federal loan borrowers additional time to get their financial situation ready, like securing an income or a job, in preparation for repayment.

8. Income-Driven Repayment Options

Borrowers who are unable to afford their monthly student loan payment may be able to enroll in an income-driven repayment plan.

Income-driven repayment plans offer 20- or 25-year terms. Payment amounts are limited to 10% to 15% of a borrower’s discretionary income. Depending on a borrower’s situation, their payments might be as low as $0 per month.

9. Student Loans Can Be Discharged

Borrowers of federal student loans might not be required to repay their federal loans in certain circumstances. A federal loan discharge might apply when:

•   The school closes while the borrower is enrolled.

•   A borrower experiences total and permanent disability.

•   The borrower dies.

•   The borrower of a Perkins Loan works as a teacher or other eligible professional.

•   The borrower’s school affected the loan or the borrower’s education in some way.

•   A school falsely certifies the borrower’s loan eligibility.

•   The borrower who has withdrawn from school doesn’t receive a refund of the student loan funds from their servicer.

10. Student Loan Forgiveness

Access to student loan forgiveness is another advantage of federal student loans. Unlike student loan discharge which requires borrowers to have experienced an extraneous situation to qualify, student loan forgiveness is more accessible to borrowers.

The Department of Education offers loan forgiveness through Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF), Teacher Loan Forgiveness, and loan forgiveness under an income-driven repayment plan.

For example, PSLF requires participants with Direct Loans to make 120 qualifying monthly payments under an income-driven repayment plan. Borrowers must be working full-time at a qualifying employer. Qualifying employers include nonprofit organizations or government entities during the time the required payments were made.

After the required payments are made, their remaining Direct Loan balance can be forgiven. Note that the forgiven balance may be considered taxable income by the IRS  under certain situations.

Alternatives to Student Loans

Although federal loans offer borrowers many benefits, there are limits that mean not all students are able to finance their education entirely with student loans. Student loans are one type of financial aid, but there are other ways students can finance their education. These include:

Grants

Grants can be need- or merit-based. They’re provided through the federal or state government, by the student’s school, or via third-party organizations. Pell Grants and Teacher Education Assistance for College and Higher Education (TEACH) Grants are a couple types of federal grants.

Unlike student loans, recipients aren’t generally required to pay back grants for college.

Scholarships

Scholarships, like grants, aren’t repaid by the student after leaving school. Scholarships can be found through schools, private and nonprofit organizations, community groups, employers, and professional associations.

This aid option might be available based on students’ merit or need.

Private Student Loans

Federal student loans offer many benefits, but as briefly mentioned, there are annual and aggregate borrowing limits. For students who either don’t qualify for federal loans or have reached the maximum limit, applying for private student loans is another option.

Private student loans are available from state organizations, banks, credit unions, and online lenders. Borrowers must have qualifying credit, and loan features and terms of private student loans vary by lender. Again, it’s important to note that private student loans are not required to offer the same borrower benefits as federal student loans.

The Takeaway

Federal student loans offer a variety of borrower benefits, including no credit score requirements, fixed interest rates, and deferment and forbearance options for borrowers who face financial difficulty during repayment. However, students may need to rely on a variety of different finding sources to pay for college.

If you’ve exhausted all federal student aid options, no-fee private student loans from SoFi can help you pay for school. The online application process is easy, and you can see rates and terms in just minutes. Repayment plans are flexible, so you can find an option that works for your financial plan and budget.

FAQ

What is the average student loan debt amount?

In 2024, the Education Data Initiative reported that the average student loan debt is just over $40,000. This includes both federal and private student loans.

Are student loans bad for your credit score?

Borrowers’ student loan payment status is reported to credit bureaus. Student loans can be advantageous toward building a credit history when payments are made on-time and in full.
However, making late payments or missing payments can adversely affect a borrower’s credit score.

What are the key advantages of federal over private student loans?

There are numerous benefits of student loans from the federal government compared to private student loans. The main advantage is that federal loans offer multiple repayment options, including income-driven plans that can bring monthly payments as low as $0, and most federal student loans do not have a credit score or credit history requirement.

Additionally, federal borrowers receive automatic deferment during school, and an automatic grace period after leaving school.

Photo credit: iStock/AndreaObzerova

SoFi Private Student Loans
Please borrow responsibly. SoFi Private Student loans are not a substitute for federal loans, grants, and work-study programs. We encourage you to evaluate all your federal student aid options before you consider any private loans, including ours. Read our FAQs.

Terms and conditions apply. SOFI RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MODIFY OR DISCONTINUE PRODUCTS AND BENEFITS AT ANY TIME WITHOUT NOTICE. SoFi Private Student loans are subject to program terms and restrictions, such as completion of a loan application and self-certification form, verification of application information, the student's at least half-time enrollment in a degree program at a SoFi-participating school, and, if applicable, a co-signer. In addition, borrowers must be U.S. citizens or other eligible status, be residing in the U.S., Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands, or American Samoa, and must meet SoFi’s underwriting requirements, including verification of sufficient income to support your ability to repay. Minimum loan amount is $1,000. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. SoFi reserves the right to modify eligibility criteria at any time. This information is subject to change. This information is current as of 4/22/2025 and is subject to change. SoFi Private Student loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891 (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org).

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SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

SOISL-Q324-046

If you’ve ever spent a lazy Sunday wandering through the mall, not in need of anything in particular, only to emerge with a couple of bags of purchases, you are not alone. Many of us shop as entertainment and wind up having less cash or more credit card debt as a result.

Shopping in-person can be a fun distraction thanks to the music pumping and the eye-catching displays. It’s easy to be transported and suddenly feel that you need that new jacket, cell phone, or even sofa. And today, shopping online or on your phone can be equally appealing, as a parade of products and coupons pass before your eyes.

But overspending isn’t good for anyone’s budget or debt ratio. Here, you’ll learn 11 tips to stop shopping out of boredom and protect your hard-earned cash.

What Is Boredom Spending?

Boredom spending, or shopping to fill free time, happens for many reasons. It often occurs when you’re feeling unstimulated or there’s a lack of anything demanding your attention. You might find you’re prone to boredom shopping when you’re procrastinating about work. Going out and buying something can make you feel as if you’ve accomplished something with your time. Or perhaps you do it when you want to escape certain negative emotions such as anxiety, depression, or loneliness.

Some people turn to boredom shopping because it’s easy to do. Technology has allowed us to mindlessly scroll social media, install apps, and instantly link to retailer websites without having to leave the couch. And if you’ve already stored your payment information online, it’s even more convenient to buy on a whim.

Shopping while bored can be harmless if it’s small-scale and infrequent. But if it’s a habit or your go-to activity the minute you’re freed up, shelling out money on unnecessary purchases can bring on extra debt and bust your budget.

Examples of Boredom Spending

The habit of buying when you’re bored can happen anywhere and anytime. For instance, it can occur when you need to kill time before an appointment and wander into a store to browse and then you wind up purchasing a couple of things because a “buy one, get one” sale was advertised. Or you might suddenly have a free afternoon because a friend canceled plans, so you check Instagram where you see engaging ads for exercise equipment you never knew you needed.

Life offers up many opportunities for boredom shopping. As long as you find yourself with gaps in your schedule, there’s time to potentially give in to impulse buys. And this impulsive buying can lead to overspending and more credit card debt which, thanks to its high interest rates, can be a challenge to pay off.

11 Tips to Avoid Boredom Spending

If you need some strategies on how to quit spending money when bored, here are tactics to try. They take a variety of angles to keep you from overspending during your downtime.

1. Reducing Time Spent on Social Media

Changing your spending habits to combat boredom buying likely requires stepping away from your laptop, tablet, or smartphone. Social media can contribute to “fear of missing out” (or FOMO) spending. Trying to keep up with others’ buying habits so you’re not left out can affect mental health, causing stress, unhappiness, and feelings of low self-esteem. People dealing with FOMO may go into debt because of overspending.

To resist temptation and cut down on social media use, consider deleting specific apps or turning off the app’s notifications. There are also apps designed to increase focus and productivity that might be helpful. Freedom and StayFree are two examples; they can block social media and other websites for specific periods of time.

2. Starting a Side Hustle or a Second Job

There are several benefits of having a side hustle, freelance gig, or part-time job. For one, it can fill any additional time you might have for boredom spending. Actively pursuing another stream of income can also ignite a passion for something new, increase your professional skills and introduce you to new people.

In addition, having a side gig provides more money to put towards paying bills, decreasing debt, and increasing your savings account.

3. Allowing Splurges in Your Monthly Budget

Expecting yourself to never make boredom purchases may be unrealistic for many people. In that case, you might come up with a specific dollar amount to automatically slot into your weekly or monthly budget rather than quit cold turkey. Making an allowance for this type of shopping spree can help keep you from going completely overboard and having to skimp elsewhere.

Recommended: Developing Good Financial Habits

4. Taking a Break

Unpacking what’s going on when you are feeling as if life is tedious can help stop shopping when bored.

Feeling bored may signal it’s time to relax, switch gears, or engage in some physical activity. That “high” you tend to feel after buying something? You can thank the release of dopamine, a feel-good brain chemical that is part of the brain’s reward system. Dopamine is also released when you’re exercising or doing something you enjoy.

You can experience a dopamine rush by partaking in non-shopping activities, such as going for a hike or brisk walk, gardening, listening to music, and meditating. Relaxing with a book, tackling a jigsaw puzzle, cleaning, or baking your favorite sweet are also ways to reap similar emotional rewards while breaking monotony.

5. Setting Financial Goals

Dig into how boredom buying is impacting your financial health. When you see how it’s making it hard to achieve your aspirations, you’ll have added incentive to stop this behavior.

Creating money goals for yourself is an important step towards gaining control over your finances. It’s also an ideal way to start developing good financial habits. Start by writing down your short-term and long-term goals which could include tracking weekly spending, starting an emergency fund, or saving up for a down payment on a house. Once you’ve got it down on paper or in a spreadsheet, prioritize your objectives, give yourself a reasonable time span to meet those goals, and make a commitment to stick to them. Take note of how unplanned splurges will interfere with your budget.

6. Rewarding Yourself When You Achieve Your Financial Goals

If you’ve avoided boredom shopping for a couple of months, paid off a credit card bill, or managed to stow money in your savings account, it’s okay to treat yourself to a low-cost item such as a favorite meal or a movie. These little rewards can keep you from feeling deprived and inspire you to stay on course.

There are lots of rewards that don’t cost anything, such as a nature walk or a hot bath. But if you do want to spend, be sure to set a price limit based on what you can actually afford. The goal here is to reward good behavior and encourage you to stay on target and not let boredom purchases rock the boat.

7. Utilizing the 30-Day Spending Rule

The 30-day spending rule is a strategy to help reign in impulsive spending. Basically, the rule is simple — if you see a nonessential item either online or in a store, do not buy it. Instead, make a note in your calendar for 30 days later with details about where you saw the item and its price. When you reach that date, if you still want to purchase the item, and can afford it, you can do so, knowing it’s no longer an impulse buy. Instead, the purchase constitutes a well-considered financial choice.

There’s a good chance, however, the urge to make that purchase will have faded and you simply move on.

8. Unsubscribing from Email Lists

Retailer emails or newsletters touting sales, discounts, and deals can clutter your inbox and awaken the boredom spending monster. You can remove these temptations by unsubscribing from the company mailing lists.

Usually when you open their email, there’s an “unsubscribe” button at the bottom of the correspondence. It may be in small print but if you click or tap it, you should be able to opt out of emails. Take note it will probably take a few weeks for communications to stop.

You can also opt out of text messages that broadcast sales and special deals to your mobile phone. This can help minimize the temptation to shop when bored.

9. Learning New Skills That Interest You

What sparks your interest? Maybe you want to learn web design, become a real estate professional, or hone your cooking skills. Expanding your abilities in an area of interest can keep boredom at bay, whether you choose to study in person or online. Acquiring new skills could also make you more marketable and increase your income.

But even if learning something new doesn’t impact your earning power, it can still enrich your life. Getting involved in anything that stimulates your brain — whether it’s learning a new language, taking up knitting, or signing up for that novel writing class — can help you feel more fulfilled and increase your self-esteem.

10. Making Shopping Harder

As mentioned above, shopping can be super easy, increasing the odds that you might do some boredom buying. Why not fight back with tricks and tools that help you cut back on spending? The first thing you can do to reduce online and in-app shopping is delete your credit card or payment information from your favorite sites and your phone. This will add a few steps to the checkout process which may reduce the likelihood of spontaneous buying. It will give you time to be mindful about your spending and reconsider.

If you’re out and about, try leaving your credit cards at home to avoid boredom-driven buying.

11. Connecting With Others

Shopping can be a way of coping with being alone, and studies have shown loneliness leads to higher levels of boredom. Interacting with other people is key to cutting down on social isolation. Make plans to see friends and loved ones you enjoy. Volunteering for a local organization, political campaign, or charity is another great way to network. You’ll meet like-minded people and hopefully stay away from stores.

Saving Money With SoFi

Interested in opening an online bank account? When you sign up for a SoFi Checking and Savings account with eligible direct deposit, you’ll get a competitive annual percentage yield (APY), pay zero account fees, and enjoy an array of rewards, such as access to the Allpoint Network of 55,000+ fee-free ATMs globally. Qualifying accounts can even access their paycheck up to two days early.

FAQ

How do I train myself to stop spending money?

The first thing you’ll want to do is stop and ask, “Do I need this or just want it?” If the answer is want, try waiting 30 days and then deciding whether to make the purchase. Also helpful: Find other, non-shopping ways to use those times you feel bored, such as meeting friends, starting a side hustle, or pursuing a hobby. Put the money you save towards a goal like paying down credit card debt, and congratulate yourself for your hard work.

What can I do instead of spending money?

Life presents many other options and healthier ways you can deal with ennui besides spending money. When you’re bored, engaging in another activity such as reading, cleaning, or decluttering can take your attention away, allowing you to feel productive and have a sense of purpose. Spending time with loved ones is another good use of time. Most likely, when you become engrossed in something else besides shopping, the impulse to buy will subside.

What are some spending triggers?

Shopping can stem from both psychological reasons and outside factors. Some people may be triggered to shop because of fear of missing out on what others have; others may need a mood lift when feeling sad, anxious, or lonely. Retailers are also known to use specific sensory stimuli both online and in stores to inspire spending.

Photo credit: iStock/Vadym Pastukh

SoFi Checking and Savings is offered through SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. The SoFi® Bank Debit Mastercard® is issued by SoFi Bank, N.A., pursuant to license by Mastercard International Incorporated and can be used everywhere Mastercard is accepted. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated.

Annual percentage yield (APY) is variable and subject to change at any time. Rates are current as of 12/23/25. There is no minimum balance requirement. Fees may reduce earnings. Additional rates and information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet

Eligible Direct Deposit means a recurring deposit of regular income to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government benefit payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Eligible Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network every 31 calendar days.

Although we do our best to recognize all Eligible Direct Deposits, a small number of employers, payroll providers, benefits providers, or government agencies do not designate payments as direct deposit. To ensure you're earning the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit, we encourage you to check your APY Details page the day after your Eligible Direct Deposit posts to your SoFi account. If your APY is not showing as the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit, contact us at 855-456-7634 with the details of your Eligible Direct Deposit. As long as SoFi Bank can validate those details, you will start earning the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit from the date you contact SoFi for the next 31 calendar days. You will also be eligible for the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit on future Eligible Direct Deposits, as long as SoFi Bank can validate them.

Deposits that are not from an employer, payroll, or benefits provider or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, Wise, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, or are non-recurring in nature (e.g., IRS tax refunds), do not constitute Eligible Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Eligible Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate. SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder's Eligible Direct Deposit activity to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility.

See additional details at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.
*Awards or rankings from NerdWallet are not indicative of future success or results. This award and its ratings are independently determined and awarded by their respective publications.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

SOBNK-Q324-017

Your credit score is unlikely to drop for no reason, but it might drop for reasons you do not expect. Simply applying for a new credit card, closing out an old one, or being late with a payment can affect your score. A drop in your credit score of 80 points may be enough to reduce your credit score from “good” to “fair,” which can mean you will pay significantly more to borrow money.

Here’s a look at the reasons your credit score might drop, how to monitor your score, and what to do if your credit score drops suddenly.

Why Did My Credit Score Drop 80 Points?

Your credit score is based on factors related to how you manage your debt. Specifically, whether you pay your bills on time, how much you owe creditors versus how much credit you have available, the length of your credit history, the types of debt you have, and how often you apply for a new loan or credit card. Bankruptcy and foreclosures are additional threats to your credit score.

Any one or a combination of these factors could cause your credit score to drop.

Should You Be Worried About Your Credit Score Dropping?

Credit score changes are fairly common and not always a cause for concern. However, an 80-point drop is worth looking into, as it could impact whether you get approved and receive favorable terms for a loan or line of credit.

For instance, if your score drops from 700 to 620, it’s no longer considered “good.” That means that you will not qualify for the best mortgage or credit card rates because a lender will consider you a riskier borrower and could charge you more for financing.

It’s important to first understand why the drop happened so you can correct any issues and begin getting your credit back on track. Monitoring your credit score can be a good place to start, as it allows you to track changes to your score and get insights into your financial health.

Reasons Your Credit Score Went Down

There are a few reasons why your credit score might go down. But bear in mind that it can take over a month for your credit score to update and reflect any changes in your credit situation.

You Applied for a New Loan or Credit Card

If you apply for a new loan or a credit card, your credit score may go down because card issuers will perform a “hard pull,” or hard credit inquiry, when they look at your credit information. According to FICO™, a hard pull typically takes five points or less off your FICO Score. However, if you apply for several credit cards within a short period of time, it could have a greater impact on your score.

Your Credit Card Balance Went Up

If you carry a balance on your credit card, you won’t just rack up interest charges — your credit score might drop, too. Thirty percent of your FICO Score is based on the amount of money you owe. A significant balance on a credit card could cause your score to fall and your credit utilization rate — or how much of your credit limit you’re using on your revolving credit accounts — to rise.

You Missed Payments

Around 35% of your FICO credit score is based on your payment history. Therefore, if you fail to make your monthly payments — or are late making a payment — your score could fall.2 Tools like a money tracker app can help you identify upcoming bills, create a budget, and more.

You Closed a Credit Card Account

When you close a credit card account, especially one you’ve had for a long time, the average age of your accounts falls. That, in turn, could cause your credit score to dip, as the length of your credit history accounts for 15% of your FICO Score.

What Can You Do If Your Credit Score Dropped by 80 Points?

If your credit score drops by 80 points, there are some steps you can take to find out why and to rebuild your credit score.

Ensure Your Payment History Is Correct

Creditors can make mistakes and report inaccurate information to the credit bureaus. Fraudsters can steal your identity and use your accounts. So it’s worthwhile to check your credit report, including your payment history, and dispute any inaccurate information.

You can check your credit report for free from each credit bureau on AnnualCreditReport.com. You can also check your credit report for free with Experian and sign up for monthly updates.

Don’t Miss Payments

A payment that’s over 30 days past due may be reported to the three major credit bureaus. If you fail to make a payment for 90 days, your creditor may refer your account to a collection agency. These records will remain on your account for seven years.

Keep Your Credit Utilization Rate Low

As you use more of your available credit, your credit utilization rate will increase. The higher your credit utilization rate, the more of a risk you are to a lender, and the more your credit score may decrease. Aim for a rate below 30%. For example, if your credit card has a credit limit of $12,000, don’t use more than $3,600, and ideally use $1,200 or less.

Hold Off on Applying for a Credit Card, Loan, or Mortgage

If you apply for a new loan or credit card, the lender will conduct a hard inquiry to check your credit score. As we mentioned, this type of check will only temporarily lower your score by a few points. But many hard inquiries over a short period can have a compounding effect on your credit score. This might occur if you apply for several credit cards at once. The impact of a hard inquiry will typically last a few months to a year.

Avoid Bankruptcy or Foreclosure

Declaring bankruptcy and experiencing foreclosure on a property both cause a significant drop in your credit score. And both stay on your credit report for a long time: seven years for Chapter 13 bankruptcy, 10 years for Chapter 7 bankruptcy, and seven years for a foreclosure.

How to Build Your Credit Score

Building your credit score comes down to sensible fiscal management over time.

Whether your credit score dropped or not, there are steps you can take to help boost your numbers. Examples include:

•   Paying bills on time

•   Checking your credit report regularly for errors

•   Lowering your credit utilization rate

•   Keep spending in check — a spending app can help

Scenarios Where Your Credit Score Might Drop

Here are some scenarios where you might be surprised to find that your credit score has dropped.

You Pay Off Credit Cards

Let’s say you have three credit cards: one with $5,000 in available credit, one with $8,000 in available credit, and one with $500 in available credit. That’s $13,250 of total available credit.

You have a total balance of $3,975 over all three cards, which gives you a credit utilization ratio of 30%.

Let’s also say you take out a debt consolidation loan to pay off all debt except for $250 on the card with a $500 limit. You then close out the two cards with no debt — taking with it $13,000 in available credit. You’ve kept open the card that has a $500 credit limit and a $250 balance.

This might seem like a good move because you’ve paid off over $3,000 in debt and eliminated two credit cards. However, you now have a 50% credit utilization rate, significantly higher than the recommended 30%. This may increase your credit score.

You Close an Old Credit Card Account That You Don’t Use

Another reason to think twice before closing credit card accounts? It could impact the length of your credit history, which accounts for 15% of your credit score. If you close old accounts, it could lower the average age of your credit history, and your score could take a dip as a result.

You Took Out New Loans to Pay Off Debt

Every time you apply for a loan or a credit card, the lender performs a hard pull. If you apply for multiple new loans or credit cards within a short stretch of time, it could temporarily lower your credit score.

Allow Some Time Before Checking Your Score

Credit scores continually fluctuate as information on your credit report gets updated. According to Equifax, your credit score can take 30 days or more to reflect payments you’ve made.

What Factors Impact Credit Scores?

As we discussed, your credit score is calculated based on the following, according to the FICO scoring model:

•   35% of your score is based on your payment history.

•   30% is based on the amount you owe creditors and your credit utilization rate. Ideally, your rate should be around 10% and not higher than 30%.

•   15% is based on the length of your credit history.

•   10% is based on the types of debt you have. A mix of installment debt (such as student loans, mortgage, car loan, personal loan) and credit card debt (or lines of credit) is preferable.

•   10% is based on new credit.

Pros and Cons of Tracking Your Credit Score

There are no drawbacks to tracking your credit score, except for the time it takes to obtain your report.

On the other hand, there are plenty of pros to monitoring your credit score. You’ll know where you stand regarding future loans and what potential lenders will see on your credit report. You’ll also be able to spot inaccurate or incomplete information that you can have removed, which can help boost your credit score.

How to Monitor Your Credit Score

Federal law allows you to view a free copy of your credit report from each of the three national credit bureaus (Experian, TransUnion, and Equifax) at AnnualCreditReport.com. Check the reports carefully, and if you find something you don’t agree with, file a dispute to try to have the information removed.

You can also enroll in a credit score monitoring service. These automated services notify you of changes to your credit report that might occur if you qualify for a new credit card or loan, or fall behind on loan payments.

The Takeaway

Your credit score might fluctuate without you realizing it. But a drop of 80 points may be worth investigating, as it could mean you pay significantly more to borrow money. You might be surprised to learn that if you apply for a new credit card, pay off the balance on a card, or close an old account, your credit score could be adversely affected.

It’s a good idea to obtain a copy of your credit report — it’s free — and check that the information given to the credit agencies is accurate. You can also help maintain a good credit score by not missing credit card and loan payments and by keeping your credit utilization ratio below 30%.

Take control of your finances with SoFi. With our financial insights and credit score monitoring tools, you can view all of your accounts in one convenient dashboard. From there, you can see your various balances, spending breakdowns, and credit score. Plus you can easily set up budgets and discover valuable financial insights — all at no cost.

FAQ

Why did my credit score go down 80 points?

Your credit score is based on factors related to how you manage your debt. Bankruptcy or foreclosure will have an obvious effect on your score, but if you have not paid your bills on time, your credit utilization rate is higher than 30%, or you close old credit card accounts and reduce your credit history, you may see a dip. Also, your credit score may be affected if you apply for a number of credit cards or loans in a short space of time.

Why is my credit score going down if I pay everything on time?

Your payment history accounts for only 35% of your credit score. Other factors include your credit utilization rate, the length of your credit history, and the types of debt you have.

Why has my credit score gone down when nothing has changed?

Even if nothing has changed for you fiscally, you may still see fluctuations in your credit score. There are various reasons why, such as a higher-than-normal credit utilization ratio, inaccurate information in your credit report, or identity theft.

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SoFi Relay offers users the ability to connect both SoFi accounts and external accounts using Plaid, Inc.’s service. When you use the service to connect an account, you authorize SoFi to obtain account information from any external accounts as set forth in SoFi’s Terms of Use. Based on your consent SoFi will also automatically provide some financial data received from the credit bureau for your visibility, without the need of you connecting additional accounts. SoFi assumes no responsibility for the timeliness, accuracy, deletion, non-delivery or failure to store any user data, loss of user data, communications, or personalization settings. You shall confirm the accuracy of Plaid data through sources independent of SoFi. The credit score is a VantageScore® based on TransUnion® (the “Processing Agent”) data.

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Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .

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