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Income verification documents, which are typically requested when you’re applying to rent a home or apartment, are documents that prove you have a job and are earning an income.

A landlord requests these documents to ensure that you’re earning enough to cover your rent payments each month. The income verification paperwork requested may vary from landlord to landlord, and the documents may also differ, depending on your specific career situation. The landlord is simply doing their due diligence to make sure you can afford the rental.

How to Show Proof of Income to Rent an Apartment

There are a number of ways that prospective renters can show proof of income to a prospective landlord or property management company. The types of documents you need to produce will likely depend on the specific request from the landlord.

Generally, there are a few standard income verification documents that landlords and property managers are looking for:

•  Pay stubs

•  Tax returns or W2 forms

•  Bank statements

•  A letter from your employer

Typically, a landlord will request two forms of income verification. Often, your pay stubs and tax forms will suffice as proof of income. But in some cases, you may need to submit several months’ worth of bank statements. You might even need to ask your employer to write you a letter to assure the landlord that you have a job and do have income.

How to Show Proof of Income if You’re Self-Employed

If you’re self-employed, the process can be more complicated. You may need to submit 1099 tax forms or your personal tax returns showing regular and steady income going back a couple of years. Depending on the nature of your self-employment, you may have business tax returns, such as a Schedule C if you own and run a small business, that you can use to verify your income.

You can also use bank statements from your business bank account to show a landlord that you have income. The documents required will likely be similar to those you need when applying for self-employed personal loans. Ask the landlord what will work best for them so you will know exactly what documents you should present.

How to Show Proof of Income for Side Hustles

You may have a side hustle — perhaps you make and sell crafts online, for instance — and that’s similar to owning a small business. And you should be reporting the income you make from your side hustle to the IRS on your tax return. By presenting your tax return to a landlord, you can prove that you’re making side hustle income.

If you’re working for a ridesharing app or food delivery service, the company should be sending you a tax statement with your annual earnings so that you can report them on your tax return. You can always show a copy of that tax statement to a prospective landlord.

Why Proof of Income is Important

Proving your income is important when you rent an apartment — or apply for credit, for that matter — because it shows that you have money coming in every month, and are able to fulfill your financial obligations. In other words, it shows the property owner that you can make your rent payments.

Recommended: What Is The Difference Between Transunion and Equifax?

Understanding Rent-to-Income Ratio

Along with proving your income, you need to make sure that your rent is not eating up too much of your paycheck. That’s where the “rent-to-income ratio” comes into play. It calculates the percentage of your total income that you’re spending on rent.

The general rule of thumb is that you shouldn’t spend more than 30% of your gross monthly income on housing costs. Depending on where you live, those costs may be a higher or lower percentage of your income, but try to aim for around 30%. An online money tracker can help you keep tabs on your spending.

To figure out your rent-to-income ratio, divide your total annual earnings by 12, which gives you your monthly earnings, and multiply that number by 0.3 (or 30%). The result is how much you can afford to spend on rent per month.

Annual earnings ÷ 12 x 0.3 = How much you can afford to pay for rent

For example, let’s say you earn $50,000 a year. Divide that number by 12 and multiply it by 0.3 and you get $1,250. That’s what you should aim to spend on rent each month. Depending on where you live, you may need to spend more, but that figure gives you a ballpark of where you should be in order to have enough money to pay for your other expenses and hopefully, contribute to your savings as well.

How to Best Prepare to Pay Rent

When you are approved by a landlord to rent an apartment, you’ll need to plan and prepare to pay your rent on time and in full every month.

That means having your finances in order. First, you should have a checking account set up. Typically, you’ll pay your landlord by check or through an online portal and either way, you’ll need a bank account in order to do this. You may be surprised to learn that more than 6% of U.S. households (or more than 14 million people) don’t have a bank account. Fortunately, it’s easy to open a bank account if you don’t have one.

Next, make sure that you’re properly budgeting for your rental expenses. You want to make sure that you have enough money in your account to cover the rent when your landlord cashes your check. A budget planner app can help.

There are other expenses that can go along with renting an apartment or home that you may need to pay. Here are a few you should be aware of:

•  Utility bills

•  Renters insurance

•  Parking, maintenance, and fees for amenities such as a gym or pool

Finally, know the terms of your lease. It’s common for rent to go up once a lease expires, which you may discover when you go to re-sign or renegotiate the rent. Unfortunately, renting is not like a fixed-rate mortgage when you have a monthly rate locked in. So don’t be surprised if the costs of staying in your apartment go up after your lease expires.

The Takeaway

Income verification documents offer proof to a landlord or property management company that you have enough money coming in every month to pay the cost of an apartment or home rental. Typically, pay stubs, tax returns, and bank statements are the only forms of documentation you need. However, if you are a small business owner, you may be required to produce additional documents. The good news: Once you are approved to rent, you can start the process of moving in.

Take control of your finances with SoFi. With our financial insights and credit score monitoring tools, you can view all of your accounts in one convenient dashboard. From there, you can see your various balances, spending breakdowns, and credit score. Plus you can easily set up budgets and discover valuable financial insights — all at no cost.

SoFi helps you stay on top of your finances.

FAQ

Can you rent an apartment with no income?

It is possible to rent an apartment with no income, though it likely will be quite difficult. In this instance, having a high credit score can help, because it shows you have a track record of paying your expenses. A healthy savings account can also be useful to prove you have money in the bank.

Can proof of income for an apartment be faked?

It is possible to fake proof of income for an apartment by using online tools to create fake pay stubs and other documents. This constitutes fraud and is illegal, but it does happen.

Is proof of income different for a student?

Yes, it can be, yes. If a student has no income because they are studying full-time, they may need to get a co-signer like a parent or guarantor in order to secure a lease.

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SoFi Relay offers users the ability to connect both SoFi accounts and external accounts using Plaid, Inc.’s service. When you use the service to connect an account, you authorize SoFi to obtain account information from any external accounts as set forth in SoFi’s Terms of Use. Based on your consent SoFi will also automatically provide some financial data received from the credit bureau for your visibility, without the need of you connecting additional accounts. SoFi assumes no responsibility for the timeliness, accuracy, deletion, non-delivery or failure to store any user data, loss of user data, communications, or personalization settings. You shall confirm the accuracy of Plaid data through sources independent of SoFi. The credit score is a VantageScore® based on TransUnion® (the “Processing Agent”) data.

*Terms and conditions apply. This offer is only available to new SoFi users without existing SoFi accounts. It is non-transferable. One offer per person. To receive the rewards points offer, you must successfully complete setting up Credit Score Monitoring. Rewards points may only be redeemed towards active SoFi accounts, such as your SoFi Checking or Savings account, subject to program terms that may be found here: SoFi Member Rewards Terms and Conditions. SoFi reserves the right to modify or discontinue this offer at any time without notice.

Non affiliation: SoFi isn’t affiliated with any of the companies highlighted in this article.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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If you earn at least $120,000 a year, you may be making enough to afford a $350,000 mortgage. But the amount lenders ultimately determine you can borrow will also depend on several other variables, including how much debt you have and your credit score.

Read on for a look at how much income may be needed to qualify for a $350,000 mortgage, how income fits into the overall mortgage equation, and how lenders typically decide how much mortgage a homebuyer can manage.

What Income Is Needed to Get a $350,000 Mortgage?

The home mortgage loan you can qualify for typically depends on how much the lender believes you can reliably pay back — and you can expect the loan company to run your financials through several different calculations to come up with that amount.

Home buyers tend to think the amount they’ll be approved for when they apply for a mortgage will be based mostly on their household income. But lenders may consider other important factors when deciding how much someone can borrow, including:

Reliability of Income

Yes, lenders will look at how much you earn to help determine if you can afford the monthly payments on the amount you hope to borrow. But they’ll also want to know how reliable that income is, so you may be asked how long you’ve had your job — or your business if you’re self-employed. Want to get an idea of where you stand before you apply for a mortgage? An online home affordability calculator can help you estimate if your income is high enough to afford a $350,000 loan.

Creditworthiness

Lenders also will check your credit score and credit reports to ensure you have a history of being financially responsible and paying your bills on time.

Down Payment Amount

Contrary to what many buyers believe, a 20% down payment isn’t required to get a home loan. First-time homebuyers may be able to put as little as 3% down — or even less, depending on the type of mortgage you plan to get. A larger down payment can help you lower your monthly payments, however. And it can show lenders that you’re serious about your investment.

Debt-to-Income (DTI) Ratio

You also can expect lenders to look at your existing monthly debts (credit cards, student loans, car payments, etc.) to assess whether you’ll be able to manage all those payments as well as a mortgage on your current income. The calculation used to compare your monthly debt payments with your monthly gross income is called your debt-to-income ratio (DTI = monthly debts ÷ gross monthly income).

What Is a Good Debt-to-Income Ratio?

The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) recommends that homeowners work toward maintaining a DTI ratio of 36% or less, and that’s the number mortgage lenders generally look for, as well. But some lenders may accept a DTI ratio of up to 43% — or even higher if the borrower can meet other criteria on certain types of loans.

What Other Factors Are Mortgage Lenders Looking For?

Besides your DTI, here are a few other basic formulas mortgage lenders — and you — may use to estimate how much you might be able to afford on your income.

The 28/36 Rule

The 28/36 rule combines two factors that lenders typically look at to determine how much mortgage you can afford: income and debt. The first number sets a limit of 28% of gross income as a home buyer’s maximum total mortgage payment, including principal, interest, taxes, and insurance. The second number limits the mortgage payment plus any other debts to no more than 36% of gross income.

For example: If your gross annual income is $120,000, that’s $10,000 per month. Using the 28/36 rule, that means you could aim for a monthly mortgage payment of about $2,800 — as long as your total monthly debt (including car payments, credit cards, etc.) isn’t more than $3,600.

The 35/45 Model

Another calculation lenders might look at is the 35/45 method, which recommends spending no more than 35% of your gross income on your mortgage and debt, and no more than 45% of your after-tax income on your mortgage and debt.

For example: Let’s say your gross monthly income is $10,000 and your after-tax income is about $8,000. In this scenario, you might spend around $3,500 to $3,600 per month on your debt payments and mortgage combined. This calculation allows for a larger mortgage payment if you aren’t carrying a lot of debt.

The 25% After-Tax Rule

If you’re nervous about keeping up with your payments, this method will give you a more conservative number to work with. With this calculation, your target is to spend no more than 25% of your after-tax income on your mortgage.

For example: If you make $8,000 a month after taxes, you might plan to spend $2,000 on your mortgage payments.

Keep in mind that these equations can only give you a rough idea of how much you’ll be able to borrow. When you want to be more certain about the overall price tag and monthly payments you can afford, it may help to go through the mortgage preapproval process.

What Determines How Much House You Can Afford?

Here’s something else to think about when determining how much income is needed for a $350,000 mortgage: A house payment generally isn’t limited to just principal and interest. And the extra costs that may be tacked on every month can add up fast. The costs covered by a monthly loan payment can include:

Principal

Principal is the original amount borrowed to buy the home. Each month, a portion of your payment will go toward paying down this amount.

Interest

Interest is the money you pay to the lender each month for giving you the loan. The interest rate you pay can be influenced by personal factors (such as the loan length you choose, your credit score, and your income) as well as general economic and market factors.

Homeowners Insurance

The cost of homeowners insurance (coverage that protects your home and other assets against various risks), also may be rolled into your monthly mortgage payment. Your lender will pay the premium when it’s due.

Mortgage Insurance

Depending on the type of loan you have and the amount you put down on your home, you may be required to carry private mortgage insurance (PMI) or some other type of mortgage insurance policy. This insurance is designed to protect the mortgage lender if a borrower can’t make the agreed upon loan payments.

Property Taxes

A portion of your monthly mortgage payment will also go toward the property taxes you’ll need to pay your local government.

Recommended: Home Loan Help Center

$350,000 Mortgage Breakdown Examples

The monthly payment on a $350,000 mortgage can vary based on several factors, including the length of the loan (usually 15, 20, or 30 years), the interest rate, and other costs. A mortgage calculator can help you get an idea of what your payments might look like. Here are some examples of how payments for a $350,000 mortgage might break down.

30-Year Loan at 6.00% Fixed Interest Rate

Total Payment: $2,801
Principal and Interest: $2,098
Other Costs (estimated PMI, homeowners insurance, and property taxes): $703

15-Year Loan at 6.00% Fixed Interest Rate

Total Payment: $3,657
Principal and Interest: $2,954
Other Costs (estimated PMI, homeowners insurance, and property taxes): $703

30-Year Loan at 7.00% Fixed Interest Rate

Total Payment: $3,032
Principal and Interest: $2,329
Other Costs (estimated PMI, homeowners insurance, and property taxes): $703

15-Year Loan at 7.00% Fixed Interest Rate

Total Payment: $3,849
Principal and Interest: $3,146
Other Costs (estimated PMI, homeowners insurance, and property taxes): $703

Pros and Cons of a $350,000 Mortgage

According to Redfin, the median sale price in the U.S. in April 2024 was $432,903 — which means finding a home with a $350,000 mortgage might be a challenge, depending on where you live. But if you can manage it — by searching for a lower-cost home or putting more money down — you could benefit from lower monthly payments. And depending on your income and other factors, it may be easier to qualify for a mortgage in this amount than for a larger loan.

Another plus: You’d be getting your foot in the door of homeownership, and that can mean building equity for the future.

Recommended: Best Affordable Places to Live in the U.S.

How Much Will You Need for a Down Payment?

A down payment typically ranges from 3% to 20% of the purchase price. The amount you’ll be required to put down may vary based on the type of mortgage loan you get.

Can You Buy a $350,000 Home with No Money Down?

You may be able to get a $350,000 mortgage with a 0% down payment if you can qualify for a government-backed loan from the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) or the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). These loans are insured by the federal government — which means the government will help pay back the lender if the borrower defaults on the loan.

Not all lenders offer these programs, and borrowers must meet specific requirements to qualify for a USDA or VA loan. But if you think you may be eligible, this could be an option that’s worth looking into.

Can You Buy a $350,000 Home with a Small Down Payment?

Some private lenders will accept as little as 3% down on a conventional loan — so don’t feel as though you have to come up with 20% down before you can pursue homeownership. You might want to check out the requirements for a government-backed FHA loan, which also allows borrowers to make a small down payment. Or you may be able to find a state or local program that offers down-payment assistance.

Is a $350,000 Mortgage with No Down Payment a Good Idea?

Coming up with even a small down payment can be a hurdle when it comes to homeownership — especially for first-time homebuyers — and the thought of skipping that step can be appealing. Avoiding a down payment may help you get into a home faster or allow you to hold onto your savings for renovations, an emergency fund, or other financial goals.

It’s important to keep in mind, though, that without a down payment it can take longer to build up equity in your home. And because you’re borrowing more money, you also could end up paying more interest over the life of the loan. Also, although you won’t have to pay for mortgage insurance with a no-down-payment government-backed loan, you can expect to pay an upfront funding fee for a VA loan and an upfront and annual guarantee fee for a USDA mortgage.

A mortgage professional can help you evaluate the different types of mortgage loans and determine the best move for your individual circumstances.

What I\if You Can’t Afford a $350,000 Mortgage Even With No Down Payment?

Here are a few steps to consider if it turns out you can’t afford the payments on a $350,000 mortgage:

Pay Off Debt

If your DTI ratio needs work, you may want to press pause on your home search and focus on paying down recurring debts like credit cards, car payments, or a personal loan. This could allow you to put more of your monthly income toward your mortgage payments.

Build Up Your Credit

Checking your credit reports can give you an idea of what lenders might see when they evaluate your credit. If there are any errors, you can take steps to get them fixed. And if you see something negative in your reports, you can work on doing better. If you use a credit-score monitoring service, you may already know what your credit score is and if it needs a boost. Conventional lenders typically look for a minimum score of 620 to 640.

Start Budgeting

Creating a budget and trimming some expenses could help you reach your debt-payment and savings goals. Remember: If you can come up with a bigger down payment, you may be able to borrow less and keep your monthly payments to a more reasonable amount.

Alternatives to Conventional Mortgage Loans

If you can’t qualify for a conventional mortgage loan, you may have some alternatives to consider. Here are a few potential options:

Look into First-time Homebuyer Programs

As mentioned above, you may qualify for a federal, state, or local first-time homebuyer program that can help lower your down payment, closing costs, and other expenses. There may be limits on the type of home you can buy or a cap on the home’s cost. But you might find it’s worth doing some research, or asking a mortgage professional, to see if you’re eligible and could benefit.

Rent-to-Own

Another option may be to enter into an agreement to rent-to-own a home. With this type of arrangement, you start out renting, but the landlord agrees to credit a portion of your monthly payment toward purchasing the home. This can be a good way to start working toward homeownership if you can’t qualify for a mortgage. But it’s important to understand the downsides of the deal — including that you might lose money if you change your mind about buying the home, or if the landlord has second thoughts about selling.

Owner Financing

With owner financing, the person who’s selling the home may serve as the lender for all or part of the purchase price. Just as with a rent-to-own home, there are risks to this kind of agreement, but it can make homeownership possible if a traditional loan isn’t available.

Mortgage Tips

No matter how much you plan to borrow, buying a home is a big step. Here are a few things you may want to do to prepare:

Work Out Your Housing Budget

Remember, your housing costs won’t be limited to principal and interest. It’s important to determine how much you might pay for insurance, taxes, HOA dues, maintenance, and other expenses before you make the leap to homeownership.

Find the Mortgage That Best Suits Your Needs

This may include deciding whether you want a:

•   fixed vs. variable interest rate

•   conventional vs. government-backed loan

•   shorter vs. longer term loan

Get Preapproved

Going through the mortgage preapproval process with a lender can give you a better idea of how much you can afford to spend on a home. And having preapproval may give you an edge over other house hunters in a tight market.

The Takeaway

Obtaining a mortgage is just one of many steps in the homebuying process, but it’s important to get it right. Taking the time to do some research and to think about the total picture of your finances and monthly expenses could keep you from getting in over your head — or locked into a loan that isn’t a good fit.

Looking for an affordable option for a home mortgage loan? SoFi can help: We offer low down payments (as little as 3% - 5%*) with our competitive and flexible home mortgage loans. Plus, applying is extra convenient: It's online, with access to one-on-one help.

SoFi Mortgages: simple, smart, and so affordable.

FAQ

How much income do you need to qualify for a $350,000 mortgage?

If you make at least $120,000 a year, you may be able to manage the payments on a $350,000 mortgage, depending on how much debt you’re carrying and other variables.

Can I afford a $350,000 house on a $70,000 salary?

If you have enough saved for a large down payment and/or you’re carrying little or no debt, you might be able to afford a $350,000 house on a $70,000 salary, but it could be an uncomfortable squeeze to make the monthly payments.

Can I afford a $350,000 house on a $60,000 salary?

If you can afford a very large down payment, you may be able to afford a $350,000 house on a $60,000 salary, but without other sources of income beyond your salary, getting a mortgage and keeping up with your monthly payments could be difficult.

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SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

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Terms, conditions, and state restrictions apply. Not all products are available in all states. See SoFi.com/eligibility-criteria for more information.

*SoFi requires Private Mortgage Insurance (PMI) for conforming home loans with a loan-to-value (LTV) ratio greater than 80%. As little as 3% down payments are for qualifying first-time homebuyers only. 5% minimum applies to other borrowers. Other loan types may require different fees or insurance (e.g., VA funding fee, FHA Mortgage Insurance Premiums, etc.). Loan requirements may vary depending on your down payment amount, and minimum down payment varies by loan type.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Tax Information: This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or tax advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or tax advice.

^¹FHA loans are subject to unique terms and conditions established by FHA and SoFi. Ask your SoFi loan officer for details about eligibility, documentation, and other requirements. FHA loans require an Upfront Mortgage Insurance Premium (UFMIP), which may be financed or paid at closing, in addition to monthly Mortgage Insurance Premiums (MIP). Maximum loan amounts vary by county. The minimum FHA mortgage down payment is 3.5% for those who qualify financially for a primary purchase. SoFi is not affiliated with any government agency.
^†Veterans, Service members, and members of the National Guard or Reserve may be eligible for a loan guaranteed by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. VA loans are subject to unique terms and conditions established by VA and SoFi. Ask your SoFi loan officer for details about eligibility, documentation, and other requirements. VA loans typically require a one-time funding fee except as may be exempted by VA guidelines. The fee may be financed or paid at closing. The amount of the fee depends on the type of loan, the total amount of the loan, and, depending on loan type, prior use of VA eligibility and down payment amount. The VA funding fee is typically non-refundable. SoFi is not affiliated with any government agency.

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Claiming unclaimed money from a deceased relative can be fairly straightforward — or more complicated — depending on state inheritance laws and the amount of supporting evidence to back the claim.

When a person dies without a will or other legally binding document outlining the distribution of their financial assets, that money may become “unclaimed” after a designated period of time. Unclaimed money is often turned over to the state where that person lived. However, it is possible for relatives to claim that money through the appropriate channels.

What Happens to Unclaimed Money from Deceased Relatives?

When no direct heir is identified, unclaimed money and assets from a deceased relative go to the state government. How soon the money goes to the state after the person dies will vary according to that state’s inheritance laws.

Once unclaimed money ends up in the hands of the government, the state authority will try to identify any relatives that are entitled to claim the money. Typically, a description of the assets and the name of the deceased are posted to one or several public and searchable websites. Some examples of these websites are:

•  Unclaimed.org

•  MissingMoney.com

•  TreasuryDirect.gov

•  FDIC.gov and NCUA.gov

•  PBGC.gov

•  UnclaimedRetirementBenefits.com

•  ACLI.com

Can You Claim Unclaimed Money From a Deceased Relative?

If you believe you are entitled to an unclaimed financial asset of a deceased relative, you can file a claim with the state government or business that is holding it. If you are specifically named as a beneficiary in the deceased relative’s will, the claim process can be relatively smooth. If not, you may still be able to claim that money but it will require supporting documentation or potentially a decision from a presiding probate court judge to ultimately verify the claim.

Recommended: How Much Does It Cost to Make a Will?

What Types of Financial Assets Can Be Claimed from Deceased Relatives?

Unclaimed money doesn’t necessarily have to be in the form of cash; it can also include other assets of value such as:

•  Real estate

•  Forgotten bank accounts

•  Bonds

•  Stocks

•  Certificates of deposit

•  Annuities

•  Royalties

•  401(k)s and other retirement plans

•  Vehicles and other physical assets

Recommended: Unclaimed Money from Scholarships and Grants

What to Expect From the Unclaimed Money Process

If you’re planning to claim unclaimed money, the process will vary depending on the state you’re filing in and the asset in question. In some cases, you can file a claim online, provide proof of identity and any documented proof of ownership, and wait for your claim to be processed. Once the claim is approved, you receive the money. A budget planner can help you make the most of any unclaimed money you receive and also provide valuable financial insights.

In situations where the deceased did not have a will or an executor for the will, a probate court will typically appoint someone to oversee any ownership claims and asset transfers. If this is the case, you may have to wait longer or provide more documented proof in court before your claim is approved.

Once your claim is approved and you receive the money owed to you, you may be required to pay inheritance tax. Again, this depends on which state the deceased lived in. However, spouses are exempt from paying inheritance tax in every state.

The Takeaway

Claiming unclaimed money from a deceased relative is entirely possible. However, the complexity of the process will ultimately depend on the circumstances and location of the deceased. If you believe you’re entitled to claim unclaimed money from a deceased relative, leveraging an estate planning attorney or a financial advisor can help demystify the process and any specifics about your claim. Bottom line: It’s never too early to start thinking about your own estate planning needs and long-term financial goals.

Take control of your finances with SoFi. With our financial insights and credit score monitoring tools, you can view all of your accounts in one convenient dashboard. From there, you can see your various balances, spending breakdowns, and credit score. Plus you can easily set up budgets and discover valuable financial insights — all at no cost.

SoFi helps you stay on top of your finances.

FAQ

How do you know if a deceased loved one has left you money?

If a deceased relative has named you as a beneficiary in their will or another legally binding contract, the executor of that document or a probate court will likely reach out to inform you of any unclaimed money you are entitled to. If not, you can still check to see if you are entitled to money by searching one of the public online unclaimed-money databases or by reaching out to the deceased relative’s financial advisor or estate planner.

How do I find assets of a deceased person?

To find the assets of a deceased relative, try looking through their personal property, reach out to relatives and other friends with knowledge of their financial affairs, or inquire with the local probate court or state government agencies.

What happens when you inherit money?

Depending on where you inherit money, you may be required to pay inheritance tax. After that, you are free to do with the money as you please. However, it is often advisable to think hard about how to use that money to support your financial needs or long-term goals.

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Photo credit: iStock/mdphoto16

SoFi Relay offers users the ability to connect both SoFi accounts and external accounts using Plaid, Inc.’s service. When you use the service to connect an account, you authorize SoFi to obtain account information from any external accounts as set forth in SoFi’s Terms of Use. Based on your consent SoFi will also automatically provide some financial data received from the credit bureau for your visibility, without the need of you connecting additional accounts. SoFi assumes no responsibility for the timeliness, accuracy, deletion, non-delivery or failure to store any user data, loss of user data, communications, or personalization settings. You shall confirm the accuracy of Plaid data through sources independent of SoFi. The credit score is a VantageScore® based on TransUnion® (the “Processing Agent”) data.

*Terms and conditions apply. This offer is only available to new SoFi users without existing SoFi accounts. It is non-transferable. One offer per person. To receive the rewards points offer, you must successfully complete setting up Credit Score Monitoring. Rewards points may only be redeemed towards active SoFi accounts, such as your SoFi Checking or Savings account, subject to program terms that may be found here: SoFi Member Rewards Terms and Conditions. SoFi reserves the right to modify or discontinue this offer at any time without notice.

Tax Information: This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or tax advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or tax advice.

Non affiliation: SoFi isn’t affiliated with any of the companies highlighted in this article.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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Salary vs. hourly pay are two ways that businesses classify workers, based on how and when their compensation is doled out. Hourly employees, as you might guess, are paid for every hour of work that they do. Salaried employees, on the other hand, receive a fixed amount of compensation in exchange for their labor, regardless of how long it takes.

There are pros and cons to each, both for employers and employees, and there are numerous rules and laws that can come into play as well. But it boils down to this: Hourly employees’ compensation is tied to the time worked, plus applicable overtime. Salaried employees get a fixed amount.

What Is An Hourly Rate?

An hourly rate is the set per-hour compensation a worker or employee earns in accordance with their employment contract. That hourly rate can be any number above the federal wage floor, or minimum wage, of $7.25 per hour.

The lowest that an hourly worker in the U.S. can earn is $2.13 per hour, as set by federal law, for workers who receive at least $30 per month in tips. No matter the amount, an hourly rate is how much an employee earns for one hour of work.

What Is a Salary Rate?

As mentioned, salaried employees earn a fixed amount regardless of how many hours they work. As such, a salary rate is what an employee would earn over a fixed amount of time, such as a traditional 40-hour workweek. Since we typically discuss salaries on a yearly basis (for example, Job X pays a salary of $50,000 per year), a salary rate could be $961.54 per week ($50,000 annual salary divided by 52 weeks in a year).

The big difference, when it comes to salaried workers, is that there is no potential to earn overtime for working more than the predetermined number of hours (usually 40) as specified by their employer and applicable laws.

If you want to find out what is a good entry-level salary, you can do some research into averages in your industry and geographic area to get an idea.

Recommended: The Highest Paying Jobs by State

Why Are Some Jobs Hourly and Others Salary?

Federal laws and regulations determine whether some jobs can be exempt from overtime pay rules — in other words, salaried. This is to protect some workers from being classified as salaried when they may end up working many more hours in a given week than the standard 40.

Depending on the state you live in, there may be additional rules that stipulate why a position may pay hourly vs. salary.

The Big Difference Between Salary vs Hourly Pay

Whether or not a worker earns overtime pay is the single biggest difference between a salaried employee and one who is paid hourly. Overtime pay is paid out at a rate of 1.5 times the normal hourly rate, which is commonly phrased as “time and a half.”

Another way to describe salary vs. hourly pay is “exempt” vs. “non-exempt.” “Exempt,” in this sense, means exempt from overtime wages. Non-exempt employees are owed overtime wages for working more than 40 hours per week.

There are situations in which an employer may end up paying a salaried employee more for working more than 40 hours per week, but it depends on the specific agreement or contract between the two parties.

Additionally, salaried jobs tend to be more administrative, “professional,” or “white collar,” and may offer more or better benefits than hourly jobs. That’s not always the case, but if you’re climbing the corporate ladder and become a salaried employee, you may notice that the entire compensation package is a bit beefier than packages for hourly workers.

Recommended: Salary Calculator: Hourly to Salary Conversion

Salary Pay

As noted above, salaried employees earn a fixed amount regardless of how long they work. There are some obvious pros and cons to salaried positions, too:

Pros of Salary Pay

The clearest advantage of a salaried position is that an employee will earn the same amount of money during a given time period no matter how long they work. So, if they end up working 30 hours in one week, they still get paid the same as they would have if they worked 40.

Also, as discussed, salaried jobs often have better benefits, such as employer-sponsored health insurance and paid vacation days. Salaried jobs can also be a bit more secure than hourly positions and may offer workers more opportunities for advancement.

Cons of Salary Pay

Salary pay can be double-edged: While you’ll be paid for 40 hours even if you work only 30, you’ll earn the same if you work 50 hours, too. There is no chance for overtime pay if you work more than a standard week. That can be a big drawback for some workers.

Similarly, depending on the specifics of the position, it may be harder to keep your personal and professional life separate. Salaried positions may provide more benefits and job security, but that comes at a cost of more demanding work that may encroach on your personal time.

Hourly Pay

Hourly workers earn their paycheck by the hour. That, like salaried positions, can have pros and cons as well:

Pros of Hourly Pay

It’s worth stating again: The biggest plus to an hourly job is that you are eligible to earn overtime pay. That doesn’t mean hourly workers always will get overtime — many employers go to great lengths to make sure that they don’t — but it’s a possibility. And that can help ensure that you’re not working 50- or 60-hour weeks, which may be more common for salaried employees.

Also, hourly workers may earn double their standard wages on certain days, like holidays. And depending on the industry, working overtime may be standard or expected. That can help push an hourly worker’s earnings above salaried workers’, in some circumstances.

Cons of Hourly Pay

A big disadvantage to hourly-paying jobs is that they can be less secure than salaried positions. Turnover can be high, for example, and if the economy takes a turn for the worse, hourly workers may see their hours reduced, or their positions furloughed or eliminated. Further, hourly jobs aren’t usually very flexible, and may not offer paid time off or sick days to workers, either.

Recommended: Average US Salary by State

The Takeaway

Salaried workers receive a fixed paycheck regardless of the number of hours worked, whereas hourly workers are paid based on the number of hours they clocked. The big differentiator between the two is that salaried workers are not eligible for overtime pay, which is 50% more than their standard hourly rate. Each type of employment has its pros and cons, but usually salaried positions are more secure.

Regardless of how you’re paid, it can be helpful to keep your finances in order by using a budget planner app, complete with a debt payoff planner to help you get ahead.

Take control of your finances with SoFi. With our financial insights and credit score monitoring tools, you can view all of your accounts in one convenient dashboard. From there, you can see your various balances, spending breakdowns, and credit score. Plus you can easily set up budgets and discover valuable financial insights — all at no cost.

See exactly how your money comes and goes at a glance.

FAQ

Is it better to be paid a salary or an hourly rate?

Generally, salaried positions are often seen as more prestigious and can offer more job security and benefits. Many workers feel it’s better to be paid a salary because one receives a predictable paycheck, but it ultimately depends on the position and the employee’s personal preferences.

What is the advantage of salary pay?

The biggest and most obvious advantage of salary pay is that you have a fixed paycheck coming your way no matter how much (or little) you worked during a given time period. Of course, that can be a disadvantage, too, if you regularly work more than 40 hours per week. It also may be easier to budget with a fixed, salaried income.

What are the budget challenges of being a salaried employee?

Salaried employees are, in a sense, on a fixed income; they’re earning the same amount all through the year, and can’t go for a bigger paycheck by working overtime. If they don’t receive a raise annually, they may see their effective pay decline due to inflation, which can end up straining their budgets.

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When it comes to financing a college education, there are several very different options, and it’s important to understand the pros and cons of each.

Depending on your academic qualifications, you may have been awarded scholarships or grants, which is funding that won’t (typically) need to be repaid. Any expenses not covered by a scholarship will need to be financed, often through a combination of work-study, personal funds, and student loans.

It is fairly common for college students to take out student loans to finance their education. There are two main types of student loans — private student loans and federal student loans. We’ll compare and contrast some of the more popular features of both private and federal student loans and explore some features that can help you determine what makes the most sense for your financial situation.

Types of Federal Student Loans

Federal student loans are funded by the federal government. In order to qualify, you must fill out the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA^®) every year that you want to receive federal student loans. We’ll delve more into the FAFSA soon — but first, here are some important distinctions to consider.

Subsidized vs Unsubsidized Loans

Federal loans can be subsidized or unsubsidized. If you’re an undergraduate student in financial need, you may qualify for a subsidized loan. The amount of money you qualify for will be determined by your school.

With subsidized loans, the U.S. government covers the interest that accrues while you are a full- or half-time student, during a six-month grace period after graduation, and for any periods of loan deferment.

If you receive an unsubsidized federal loan, you don’t need to demonstrate financial need when applying. Interest begins accruing from the day your loan is disbursed — though borrowers are not required to make payments until six months after graduation. As with subsidized loans, your school will determine the amount you can receive, based on your cost of attendance.

Direct PLUS Loans for Parents and Graduate Students

Direct PLUS Loans are another source of federal student loan funding. To qualify for graduate PLUS Loans, you need to be a graduate-level or professional student in a program that offers degrees or certifications, and attend college at least half-time.

Parents can also apply for a Parent PLUS loan if their dependent undergraduate student attends an eligible school at least half-time. “Parent” is defined as biological, adoptive, or sometimes a stepparent.

To obtain a Direct PLUS loan, you cannot have an adverse credit history. And you and your dependent child must meet the general eligibility requirements for federal student aid.

Recommended: How Do Student Loans Work? Guide to Student Loans

More About the FAFSA

If you plan to apply for any of these types of federal loans, you’ll need to fill out the FAFSA form. Be aware of your state’s FAFSA deadline — FAFSA funding is determined on a rolling basis, so the sooner you can apply, the sooner you may qualify.

The new FAFSA application typically is available on October 1 of the prior year. The 2025-26 FAFSA form is expected to be released on October 1, 2024.

Benefits of Federal Student Loans

First off, you won’t be responsible for making student loan payments while you are actively enrolled in school. Your repayment will typically begin after you graduate, leave school, or are enrolled less than half-time.

Another perk is that your credit history doesn’t factor into a federal loan application. One exception is Direct PLUS Loans for grad students and parents.

Interest rates on federal student loans are fixed and typically lower than interest rates on private student loans. Depending on the type of federal loans you have, the interest you pay could be tax-deductible.

When it comes to federal student loan repayment, there are several options to choose from, including several income-driven repayment plans.

If you run into difficulty repaying your federal student loans after graduation, or if you drop below half-time enrollment, deferment and forbearance options are available. These programs allow qualifying borrowers to temporarily pause payments on their loans should they run into financial issues — but interest may still accrue. The loan type will inform whether a borrower qualifies for deferment or forbearance. Borrowers can contact their student loan servicer for more information on these programs.

Qualifying borrowers can also enroll in certain forgiveness programs, such as Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF). These programs have strict requirements, so borrowers who are pursuing forgiveness should review program details closely.

Federal Student Loan Pros and Cons

Here is a recap of some of the pros and cons of federal student loans.

Pros	Cons
Federal student loans do not require a credit check, except for PLUS Loans.	Federal borrowing limits may mean that students aren’t able to borrow enough funds to cover their entire cost of attendance.
Undergrads may apply for Direct Subsidized student loans. Interest does not accrue while students are enrolled at-least half time, during the grace period, and during qualifying periods of deferment or forbearance.	Not all students qualify for Direct Subsidized student loans, which are need-based. Borrowing limits also apply.
Deferment and forbearance options are available to borrowers who run into financial difficulty during repayment.	Depending on the type of loan, interest may accrue during periods of deferment or forbearance.
Borrowers have access to federal repayment plans, including income-driven repayment plans.
Fixed interest rates are generally lower than interest rates on private student loans.
Borrowers may pursue federal loan forgiveness through programs like Public Service Loan Forgiveness.

The CARES Act and Federal Student Loans

The CARES Act, passed in March 2020 in response to COVID-19, temporarily paused payments on most federal student loans and set interest at 0%. With the signing of the debt ceiling bill in June 2023, the three-year pause came to an end. Interest on federal student loans resumed on September 1, 2023, and the first post-pause payments were due shortly after. To ease the transition, borrowers won’t be reported as delinquent if they are late with payments through September 2024.

The CARES Act and the payment pause did not apply to private student loans.

Private Student Loans

Private student loans are not funded by the government. To apply for them, you can check with individual lenders (banks, credit unions, and online lenders), with the college or university you’ll be attending, or with state loan agencies.

Because these loans are available from multiple sources, each will come with its own terms and conditions. So when applying for private student loans, it’s important to clearly understand annual percentage rates (APRs) and repayment terms before signing, as well as the differences between private vs. federal student loans.

Since private student loans are not associated with the federal government, their repayment terms and benefits vary from lender to lender. Some private loans require payments while you’re still attending college. Unlike federal loans, interest rates could be fixed or variable. If you are applying for a variable-rate loan, it’s a good idea to check how often the interest rate can change, plus how much it can change each time and what the maximum interest rate can be.

When applying for a private loan, the lender typically reviews your financial history and credit score, which means it may be beneficial to have a cosigner.

Be sure to ask your lender about repayment options in addition to any deferment or forbearance options. These will all vary by lender, so it’s important to understand the terms of the particular loan you are applying for.

Benefits of Private Student Loans

Private student loans offer several benefits that can make them an attractive option for some students. One significant advantage is their ability to cover the full cost of attendance, including tuition, fees, and living expenses, which can be particularly helpful if federal loan limits are insufficient.

Additionally, private lenders often provide a variety of loan options with different repayment terms and interest rates, allowing borrowers to choose a plan that best fits their financial situation and future income expectations. Some private loans offer competitive interest rates, especially for borrowers with excellent credit or those who have a creditworthy cosigner, potentially resulting in lower overall borrowing costs compared to federal PLUS loans.

Another benefit of private student loans is the potential for customization and flexibility in loan features. Many private lenders offer interest rate discounts for autopay enrollment, loyalty discounts for existing customers, and even the option to release a cosigner after a certain period of on-time payments.

Private loans can also be accessed more quickly than federal loans, which can be advantageous in time-sensitive situations.

Private Student Loans Pros and Cons

Here is a recap of some of the pros and cons of private student loans.

Pros	Cons
Higher loan limits that can cover the cost of tuition, fees, and living expenses.	Generally higher and potentially variable interest rates compared to federal student loans, especially for borrowers with lower credit scores.
Competitive interest rates for borrowers with excellent credit.	Require a good credit score or a creditworthy cosigner, making them less accessible for some students.
Flexible repayment terms and interest rate options (fixed and variable).	Limited repayment plans and fewer options for deferment and forbearance compared to federal loans.
No loan origination fees.	No access to federal loan benefits such as income-driven repayment plans, forgiveness programs, and forbearance options.
Interest rate discounts for autopay, loyalty discounts for existing customers, and tailored loans for specific professional programs.	If opting for a variable rate loan, the interest rate can increase over time, leading to higher payments.
Option to release a cosigner after a period of on-time payments, reducing the financial obligation on the cosigner.

Private loans can help fill the monetary gap between what you’re able to cover with grants, scholarships, federal loans, and the like, and what you owe to attend college. It’s never a bad idea to take the time to do your research, shop around, and find the best loan options for your personal financial situation. For a full overview, take a look at SoFi’s private student loan guide.

Determining Whether a Student Loan Is Federal or Private

To find out if the student loan you have is a federal student loan, one option is to check the National Student Loan Data System (NSLDS). This database, run by the Department of Education, is a collection of information on student loans, aggregating data from universities, federal loan programs, and more.

Borrowers with federal student loans can also log into My Federal Student Aid to find information about their student loan including the federal loan servicer.

Private student loans are administered by private companies. To confirm the information on a private student loan, one option is to look at your loan statements and contact your loan servicer.

💡 Recommended: Refinance Federal Student Loans

Options for After Graduation: Consolidation vs Refinancing

After graduation, depending on one’s student loan situation, borrowers may wish to consider consolidation or refinancing options to combine their various loans into a single loan.

The federal government offers the Direct Consolidation Loan program that allows borrowers to combine all of their federal loans into one consolidated loan.

Loans consolidated in this program receive a new interest rate that is the weighted average of the interest rates of all loans being consolidated — rounded up to the nearest one-eighth of a percent. This means that the actual interest rate isn’t necessarily reduced when consolidated. If monthly payments are reduced, it is most likely because the repayment term has been lengthened. Additionally, only federal student loans are eligible for consolidation in the Direct Consolidation Loan program.

Student loan refinancing, on the other hand, means taking out a new loan and using it to pay off all the other student loans. Depending upon individual financial situations, applicants could qualify for a lower interest rate through refinancing.

When an individual applies to refinance with a private lender, there is typically a credit check of some kind. Each lender reviews specific borrower criteria that influences the rate and terms an applicant may qualify for.

Recommended: The SoFi Guide to Student Loan Refinancing

Combining Federal and Private Student Loans

Refinancing federal loans with a private lender is the only option that allows borrowers to combine both federal and private student loans into a single loan. While refinancing may allow borrowers to secure a competitive interest rate or preferable terms, it’s very important to understand that when you refinance federal student loans, they no longer qualify for federal benefits or borrower protections.

Refinancing may make sense for federal student loan holders who do not plan to take advantage of any federal programs or payment plans, but it won’t make sense for everyone. When you are evaluating whether you should refinance student loan debt, reflect realistically on your professional and financial situation. For example, borrowers who are enrolled in income-driven repayment plans or are pursuing Public Service Loan Forgiveness, may find that refinancing their federal student loans doesn’t make sense for their personal goals.

The Takeaway

Federal student loans differ from private student loans in key ways. You must fill out the FAFSA every year to qualify for federal loans. With subsidized federal loans, interest doesn’t accrue until after graduation and a six month grace period. Federal loans also offer special protections to borrowers, such as deferment and Public Service Loan Forgiveness. The same protections are not available on private student loans. You may or may not qualify for a lower interest rate on a private student loan, depending on your credit history, whereas your credit score doesn’t affect your ability to qualify for federal student loans.

If you’ve exhausted all federal student aid options, no-fee private student loans from SoFi can help you pay for school. The online application process is easy, and you can see rates and terms in just minutes. Repayment plans are flexible, so you can find an option that works for your financial plan and budget.

Cover up to 100% of school-certified costs including tuition, books, supplies, room and board, and transportation with a private student loan from SoFi.

FAQ

What is the difference between a federal and private student loan?

Federal student loans are issued by the U.S. government with fixed interest rates, more flexible repayment options, and benefits like income-driven repayment plans and loan forgiveness programs. Private student loans are offered by private financial institutions with rates and terms based on creditworthiness, often requiring a cosigner, and generally lacking the same level of repayment flexibility and borrower protections. However, private student loans are a good option once federal student loans have been exhausted.

What is the downside to using private student loans instead of federal student loans?

The downside to using private student loans instead of federal student loans includes higher and potentially variable interest rates, less flexible repayment options, and fewer borrower protections. Private loans often require a good credit score or a cosigner, lack income-driven repayment plans and loan forgiveness programs, and generally offer limited deferment and forbearance options compared to federal loans.

How much student loan debt is federal vs private?

According to the Education Data Initiative, federal student loan debt significantly outweighs private student loan debt in the United States, with federal loans comprising approximately 92% of the total student loan debt, amounting to around $1.6 trillion, while private loans account for the remaining 8%, or roughly $140 billion.

Is it better to get a federal or private student loan?

It is generally better to get a federal student loan due to its lower interest rates, flexible repayment options, and robust borrower protections. However, private student loans can be a good option once federal student loans have been exhausted.

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SoFi Private Student Loans
Please borrow responsibly. SoFi Private Student loans are not a substitute for federal loans, grants, and work-study programs. We encourage you to evaluate all your federal student aid options before you consider any private loans, including ours. Read our FAQs.

Terms and conditions apply. SOFI RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MODIFY OR DISCONTINUE PRODUCTS AND BENEFITS AT ANY TIME WITHOUT NOTICE. SoFi Private Student loans are subject to program terms and restrictions, such as completion of a loan application and self-certification form, verification of application information, the student's at least half-time enrollment in a degree program at a SoFi-participating school, and, if applicable, a co-signer. In addition, borrowers must be U.S. citizens or other eligible status, be residing in the U.S., Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands, or American Samoa, and must meet SoFi’s underwriting requirements, including verification of sufficient income to support your ability to repay. Minimum loan amount is $1,000. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. SoFi reserves the right to modify eligibility criteria at any time. This information is subject to change. This information is current as of 4/22/2025 and is subject to change. SoFi Private Student loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891 (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org).

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Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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