SoFi

Think for a moment about all the personal information floating around online: We chronicle our activities on Insta and TikTok, send payments to keep the lights and WiFi on, and order up a storm of gifts, groceries, and impulse buys with a few quick clicks.

Sure, our digital lives are fast and fun, but there’s a downside — you might say a dark side. Many of us have online habits that can leave us wide open to the growing ranks of hackers and scammers. Cybersecurity is becoming an increasingly common concern, and getting hacked — or just the fear of it — can be one more stressor in an already anxious world.

SoFi took on the topic with a survey of 1,000 U.S. adults who self-identified as credit card holders, conducted online in February 2023. It revealed some surprising statistics about who’s been hacked, how worried people are, and what steps they are (and aren’t) taking to avoid becoming a victim.

Over Half of People Believe They’re Doomed to Be Hacked

With the average person spending more than 6.5 hours per day online, there’s a lot of sharing going on of ideas, feelings, funny memes… And highly personal data.

Perhaps you’ve made a flurry of purchases on social media or discussed embarrassing symptoms via text and then thought, Uh-oh, I hope that was secure.

You aren’t alone. According to SoFi’s survey, 59% of people believe their credit card information or personally identifiable information will be stolen at some point, if it hasn’t been already.

That means the majority of people who participated in our survey expect to be hacked or already have been. When you consider how the number of data breaches is rising, it makes sense. Cybercrime is projected to almost triple between 2022 and 2027. No wonder we’re worried!

Less Than Half of Respondents Say They Know How to Outsmart Hackers

Frankly, most of us don’t have a clue as to what is really involved when you fall victim to cyber crime. Less than half of respondents in SoFi’s study believe they understand the risks of credit card fraud and different types of identity theft very well. In fact, only 45% of respondents said they understand very well how to protect themselves from online crime.

Most Respondents Are Working Hard to Defend Their Data and Assets

No one wants their most personal info kicking around on the dark web. Nor does anyone relish checking their credit card bill and seeing that someone charged $600 worth of baby clothes to their account when they are most definitely not a parent.

Here’s what SoFi’s research found about how people are playing defense. Check out how many people use these protective tactics to avoid becoming an identity theft or credit card fraud statistic:

•   82% of people check their credit reports regularly.

•   82% use multi-factor authentication, or MFA. (A good sign: Only 3% of people don’t have a clue what MFA is.)

•   63% avoid using public WiFi.

•   41% use a VPN, or virtual private network. That said, 8% don’t know what a VPN is.

•   61% use a password manager.

•   86% avoid sharing personal information online.

•   60% use a credit monitoring service.

More of Us Should Be Monitoring Our Credit

That last move, using a credit monitoring service, is an important one. It can make mobile banking safer and help protect other aspects of a person’s digital life.

“Credit monitoring and identity theft protection work. If you don’t have this in place, do it now. With the size of the last few mega breaches and the companies they have affected, assume your data is exposed and you’re at risk. Everyone is required to purchase insurance for their car and house. Why not have the same for your most critical asset: your identity?” —Steve Tcherchian, CISO and Chief Product Officer at XYPRO, a cybersecurity solutions company

In addition to using the tactics above, the SoFi survey respondents have also deployed these moves to protect themselves from credit card fraud and other cybercrimes:

•   Using strong passwords

•   Clearing browser cookies and cache frequently

•   Not sharing their location in browsers or apps

•   Checking their account activity frequently

Most people (90%) check their credit card statements at least once per month. 44% of people check their statements at least once a week.

More Than Half of Respondents Admit to Recycling Passwords

Most people have good intentions when it comes to protecting themselves from the bad guys trying to swipe their financial or personal data. But hello, we’re all human. And that can mean sometimes recycling passwords because it’s just too complicated to come up with a new one. Or logging onto WiFi at a cafe or in a hotel because those Taylor Swift tickets are about to go on sale and you cannot, cannot live without them.

More Than 1/3 of Respondents Use Public WiFi Without a VPN

Here, the SoFi survey respondents admit to risky online behavior:

•   53% have used the same passwords for multiple accounts.

•   34% have used public WiFi without a VPN.

•   29% have stored credit card information in their browser.

•   27% have provided credit card info over the phone.

•   26% have stored confidential information on a cloud server, such as Google Drive or Dropbox.

•   20% have shared credit card information with others (either in person or not secured online).

•   18% have downloaded software from unsecure websites.

•   13% have left their phone or computer unattended in a public space.

•   11% have responded to emails from unknown senders that asked for personal information.

“When logging onto public WiFi that doesn’t require a password for access, know that hackers can track your internet activity and intercept passwords and other sensitive data that is exchanged. If you must use an unprotected public WiFi network, avoid entering your social media, email, or bank credentials while connected.” —Brandon King, founder of Home Security Heroes, an identity-security advisory service

Not everyone realizes the very real risks of playing fast and loose with their personal data. More warnings about the consequences of getting hacked or scammed could be a huge help.

“Education and awareness campaigns need to be implemented at all levels, including schools, workplaces, and public forums. Financial institutions can play a significant role in providing customer education on safeguarding personal information. And social media platforms can spread awareness and provide tips on preventing fraud and identity theft.” —Andrew Lokenauth, founder of Fluent in Finance, a financial education platform

With the right information, many people might avoid becoming an identity theft statistic.

14% of Respondents Are Using Their Birthday or Their Pet’s Name as Their Password

You don’t need to confess, but many people are guilty of using shockingly simple passwords. One like your first name plus the digits of your birthday. Or your phone number. Or even the dreaded password1234.

And, making matters even worse, lots of busy people reuse their passwords with abandon. It’s easy to understand why: You might be prompted to create an account when shopping online so you can unlock a discount or free shipping, so you fall back on your old favorite. Or perhaps you need to create a password to access info on your vet’s website, so of course your doggo’s name is an easy to remember password, right?

Whatever the reason, there’s no doubt that there are plenty of people who aren’t following password security best practices. Here are some of the missteps the SoFi survey revealed:

•   14% use passwords that include their pets’ names or birthdays

•   13% use passwords that include their childrens’ names or birthdays

•   11% use passwords that include their significant other’s name or birthday

•   10% use use passwords that relate to a band or song they like

•   7% use something easy to remember like “12345” or “password”

•   7% use something easy to type like “QWERTY”

On the flip side, 16% use auto-generated, secure passwords provided by a password manager. High-five to those folks!

No More Lame Passwords: Pro Advice

Some advice from experts on this super-important subject:

•   Buckle down and “use different passwords for each login or account. If you reuse passwords, hackers can access your accounts more easily” in the event of a security breach. “By using separate passwords for each account, you can rest easy knowing that even if one of your accounts is compromised, the rest will remain secure.” —Brandon King, Home Security Heroes

•   “Keep a close eye on credit card balances, and immediately report any discrepancies to the bank or credit card company” to minimize your liability. —Andrew Lokenauth, Fluent in Finance

•   “Don’t write down passwords!” —Monica Eaton, founder of Chargebacks911, a chargeback management company

And need we mention that writing your PIN on the back of your debit card is a real no-no?

44% of Respondents Have Had Bogus Credit Card Charges

Sometimes, you get lucky, and your bank or credit card company pings you asking whether that’s really you trying to pay for a lavish dinner in SoHo, NYC, when you are actually sitting on your couch in Santa Cruz. Fraud protection can be a wonderful thing, but it doesn’t catch every scammer. Learn more about threats to credit card security:

Older Respondents Are More Than 2x As Likely to Endure Credit-Card Fraud

Here’s what SoFi survey participants told us about experiencing examples of credit card fraud in the form of unauthorized charges:

•   44% of people have experienced fraudulent charges on their credit cards.

◦   Nearly two-thirds of this group (63%) have experienced fraudulent charges more than once.

◦   For most people (84%), the unauthorized charges were less than $500.

◦   6% of people said their most recent fraudulent charge was $1,000 or more.

•   4% of respondents have experienced fraudulent charges five or more times.

•   53% of respondents ages 55 and older have experienced fraudulent charges on their credit cards, showing that older age seems to correlate with being scammed more often.

◦   Perhaps that’s why confidence in one’s credit card security seems to wane with age: 26% of those aged 55 or older said they had been or expected to be hacked, versus 10% of those aged 18 to 24.

•   Almost three-quarters (74%) of those who experienced fraudulent charges said their credit card company notified them of suspicious activity.

Who Knew? Where Scammers Shop

Curious about where credit card scammers go shopping? People who experienced fraudulent charges and knew where their stolen credit card numbers were used said the purchases were made in these types of environments:

•   Big box retailers and grocery stores like Walmart, Target, Sam’s Club, Costco, Whole

•   Foods

•   Online retailers like Amazon and eBay

•   Smaller ecommerce sites

•   Gas stations and convenience stores

How can you better protect yourself?

“Opt for the latest payment innovations. Contactless payments, for example, can protect you against credit card ‘shimming’ [in which scammers insert a thin device into the slot of card readers to steal your data], as can digital wallets like Apple Pay, which deploy tokenization technology just like an EMV [which stands for Europay, Mastercard, and Visa] chip card does.” —Monica Eaton, Chargebacks911

Ouch: 15% of Respondents Have Been Victims of Identity Theft

It’s a scary fact that identity theft is on the rise. It can be deeply upsetting to have someone steal your personal information and credentials and use them for nefarious purposes, opening accounts and making purchases that you would never dream of. It can be similarly troubling to have to unravel the damage done and reclaim what is rightfully yours.

34% of Victims Lost Money Due to Identity Theft

Unfortunately, the SoFi survey revealed the following identify theft statistics:

•   15% of respondents have been victims of identity theft.

•   Most often, this group found out about identity theft because they noticed fraudulent charges on their bank statements (21%).

•   Other common ways people found out:

◦   12% said they were getting suspicious emails, calls, and text messages.

◦   12% said their tax return was incorrect or filed by someone else.

◦   12% said there were inaccuracies on their credit report.

◦   10% said they were unexpectedly denied credit.

•   The most common impacts that people described as a result of identity theft were:

◦   52% said it made them angry or frightened.

◦   36% had to set up new online accounts.

◦   34% lost money that was never recovered.

◦   26% said their social media accounts were hacked.

◦   25% reported that their credit scores were hurt.

•   More than half of all respondents (51%) said they know someone who has been a victim of identity theft.

Those who are concerned about the possibility of identity theft can subscribe to services designed to help protect one’s information and send alerts about any evidence of this kind of activity. It can help provide peace of mind as this kind of crime increases.

92% of Respondents Are Confident Companies Can Protect Their Data

Learning about all the risks of credit card and identity theft out there can be troubling and make a person feel as if they have a big bullseye on their back, tempting hackers to target them.

But of course, that’s not the case. Steps are being taken to protect consumers from identity and money scams and new techniques are emerging. Most people recognize that it’s not all doom and gloom out there.

In general, people are cautiously optimistic about how well their information is and can be safeguarded.

•   92% of people are somewhat confident or very confident in companies’ abilities to protect their personal information.

•   8% of respondents said they’re not confident at all in companies’ abilities to protect their information

◦   However, people realize there is only so much that can be done to protect information. 69% of this group believe all systems are vulnerable to hacking, regardless of the security measures that are implemented.

◦   On the flip side, 25% of this group believe companies don’t spend enough resources on cybersecurity.

Yes, we all may be at risk, but by adopting smart strategies and partnering with top-notch, security-focused financial institutions and other businesses, we can minimize the odds of falling prey to cybercriminals.

The Takeaway

As SoFi’s survey reveals, credit card fraud and identity theft are growing concerns for Americans. But there are proven and emerging ways to stay ahead of the scammers. By doubling down on smart tactics and taking steps to safeguard your personal information, you can protect yourself from serious damage.

To learn more about options for protecting your credit cards and tips for managing your accounts, explore our credit card guide.

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Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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Many people love showing their holiday spirit with Christmas lights, whether just a strand of twinkle lights around a window or going all-out like the Griswolds.

While these lights are festive, it’s worth noting that they aren’t free. In fact, the cost of running holiday lights rose 13% last year, costing the average household $15.48 vs. $13.41 the prior year.

In this economy, every dollar can count, so if you want to learn how much it costs to run Christmas lights for a month and how to reduce that expense, read on.

Here, you’ll learn more about:

•   How much do Christmas lights cost to run?

•   How much does it cost to run Christmas lights for a month?

•   How can you save money on your holiday light electric bill?

Factors Affecting the Cost of Running Christmas Lights

Running Christmas lights uses energy, which can translate to higher utility bills. How much of an increase you see in your electric bill can depend on a number of factors, including:

•   How many strands of lights you use

•   The type of bulbs used in each strand

•   The number of hours you run your lights each day

•   How many days you run Christmas lights for

•   Where you live and what you pay per kilowatt hour for electricity.

All of these things can influence how large your Christmas lights electric bill turns out be once January rolls around. Understanding what you could wind up paying can help if affordably celebrating the holidays is your goal.

Keep in mind that other costs can drive up electric bills during the holidays, apart from Christmas lights. If you’re using the oven more often to prepare holiday meals, for example, that can result in a higher electric bill. You may also see a bigger bill if colder weather means the heat is kicking on more often or your kids are home all day using electronics more while school is out. Lowering your energy bill may require a multifaceted approach.

How Much Electricity Do Christmas Lights Use?

The amount of energy used by Christmas lights can depend on the type of bulb and the number of bulbs per strand. The most popular options for Christmas lights include incandescent mini lights, mini LED lights, and ceramic C7 lights.

So which type of bulb uses the most energy?

The simplest answer is to look at the wattage of Christmas lights, based on bulb size and number of bulbs per strand. For example:

•   With C7 lights, for instance, you’re typically getting 25 lights per strand.

•   With mini LED lights, you’ll normally have 50 bulbs for a 14-foot strand and 100 bulbs per 32-foot strand.

•   With mini icicle lights, you often have 300 bulbs for a 26-foot strand.

Here’s how the average wattage for each one compares, though note that incandescent bulbs stopped being manufactured and sold in August 2023 (some people may still own and use strands of these, however):

•   C7 lights: 5 watts

•   C9 incandescent lights (2-¼” long): 7 watts

•   Mini incandescent lights: 0.4 watts

•   Mini LED lights: 0.07 watts

Between those three options, mini LED lights draw the least amount of energy per strand while C7 lights draw the most.

LEDs possibly lowering energy costs by up to 90% vs. the other options. Switching to LEDs could be a way to save money daily during the holidays.

Also note that you’d need four strands of C7 lights to equal the same number of bulbs in just one strand of incandescent or LED mini lights. This is important to understand because it can affect the number of kilowatt hours used and your overall energy costs.

Recommended: 23 Tips on Saving Money Daily

Cost of Running Christmas Lights

So how much do Christmas lights cost to run for a month? Or longer? Calculating your estimated cost of running Christmas lights matters when trying to lower your electric bill during the winter months. Again, what you’ll pay can depend on a variety of factors, including where you live and how much electricity costs.

The average household pays $0.17 cents per kilowatt hour for electricity, according to the U.S. Department of Energy, but prices may be significantly higher or lower in different parts of the country due to cost of living differences.

If you live in Connecticut, for example, you might pay an average of $0.21 cents per kilowatt hour. People living in Florida, however, might pay an average of $0.11 cents per kilowatt hour. Residents of Hawaii typically pay the most, currently spending $0.32 cents per kilowatt hour.

Here’s how to figure out how much you’ll pay for Christmas lighting:

•   Multiply the wattage of the lights by the hours per day the lights will be on, then divide by 1,000 to find kilowatt hours per day

•   Multiply kilowatt hours per day by your cost of electric usage to get the cost per day

•   Multiply the cost per day by the number of days your lights will be on

Calculating the Cost of Christmas Lights

Now, for how much does it cost to run Christmas lights? Here’s a look at what it would cost to run C7 lights, C9, and mini incandescent lights, and mini LED lights for six hours a day for 30 days, using a price of $0.14 cents per kilowatt hour. Here’s what you’d pay for each one:

Bulb Type	Hourly Cost	Daily Cost	Monthly Cost
C7 (25 bulbs, 5 watts per bulb)	$0.0175	$0.105	$3.15
C9 (25 bulbs, 7 watts per bulb)	$0.025	$0.15	$4.50
Incandescent Mini Lights (100 bulbs, 0.45 watts per bulb)	$0.0063	$0.0378	$1.13
Mini LED Lights (100 bulbs, 0.07 watts per bulb)	$0.0042	$0.0252	$0.76

Keep in mind that these costs are for just one strand of lights, as noted. If you string together several strands on your tree, frame your windows with lights, and then drape your shrubs or street-facing windows outdoors with more, your costs will of course go up.

Also, in terms of what the average person spends on Christmas lights, it can vary by a state’s cost of living, as well as by what kind of bulbs are used. Louisiana residents who run LED lights, for example, would likely spend the least, since they are paying just over nine cents per kilowatt hour (currently the lowest rate in the US) and they would be using energy-saving bulbs. Meanwhile, Hawaiians who opt for incandescent bulbs would probably spend the most, since their bulbs use a considerable amount of power and they currently pay the highest national rate for energy of almost 33 cents per kilowatt hour.

Tips to Save on Your Christmas Lighting Bill

If you’re looking for ways to lower your energy bill when you start plugging in your holiday lights, follow this advice.

Embracing Energy-Efficient LEDs

As mentioned, the wattage of Christmas lights plays an important part in determining how much you pay for electric bills over the holidays. Between C7 lights, incandescent lights and LED lights, LED lights are highly energy-efficient. According to the Department of Energy, residential LEDs that are ENERGY STAR rated use up to 75% less energy and last 25 times longer than incandescent lights.

People who use LED Christmas lights tend to pay far less than those using incandescent bulbs or C7 lights. So it follows that an easy way to save money on your electric bill and reduce energy usage would be to use mini LED lights as often as possible. Aside from that, LED bulbs emit less light and are less likely to overload sockets, making them a potentially safer option for Christmas lighting compared to other types of bulbs.

So if you still have some incandescent bulbs in your box of Christmas decorations, you may want to think about swapping them out for LEDs. (You won’t find incandescents made or sold in the US anymore either.)

Benefits of Solar-Powered Outdoor Lights

You might consider using solar-powered outdoor lights on your house over the holidays. These strands depend upon energy collected by small panels that gather and hold energy from the sun during the day.

These strands don’t plug in and draw no electrical power. So they can be especially easy and economical to use over the holidays.

Battery-Operated Lights for Smaller Displays

If you like to create smaller displays, you might consider battery-powered strands of lights. There is a wide range of how long these lights will stay illuminated, but this can be a good unplugged option to try for small-scale displays. While you do have to pay for the batteries, it can be cheaper than plugging in lights for weeks on end.

Recommended: 18 Common Misconceptions About Money

The Takeaway

A higher-than-usual electric bill can put a damper on your holiday celebrations. Estimating your potential costs beforehand can help you manage utility expenses. And you can decide whether it’s worth it to invest a little money in upgrading your current Christmas lights to energy-efficient options.

Having the right banking partner, such as one with budgeting tools, can also help make tackling high utility bills after the holidays easier.

Interested in opening an online bank account? When you sign up for a SoFi Checking and Savings account with eligible direct deposit, you’ll get a competitive annual percentage yield (APY), pay zero account fees, and enjoy an array of rewards, such as access to the Allpoint Network of 55,000+ fee-free ATMs globally. Qualifying accounts can even access their paycheck up to two days early.

Better banking is here with SoFi, NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Checking Account Overall.* Enjoy 3.30% APY on SoFi Checking and Savings with eligible direct deposit.

FAQ

Do LED Christmas lights use a lot of electricity?

Compared to C7 lights or incandescent mini lights, LED Christmas lights use the least amount of energy. Specifically, they can use up to 90% less energy while lasting longer. LED Christmas lights also emit less heat and can be easier to install than other types of holiday lighting.

Do Christmas lights raise your light bill?

Holiday lights can raise your electric bill during the winter months. How much it costs to run Christmas lights can depend on several things, including the type of bulbs used, how many light strands you’re running, how long you turn the lights on for, and the average cost of energy per kilowatt hour in your area. Using timers and switching to energy-efficient bulbs can be helpful for reducing your Christmas lights electric bill.

Do Christmas trees use a lot of electricity?

Christmas trees can use a lot of electricity, depending on the type of lights you use, the number of strands on the tree, and how long you leave your tree plugged in each day. Using mini LED lights can reduce electric costs for Christmas tree lighting, while using C7 bulbs to light your tree could result in a higher energy bill.

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Photo credit: iStock/BanksPhotos

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Annual percentage yield (APY) is variable and subject to change at any time. Rates are current as of 12/23/25. There is no minimum balance requirement. Fees may reduce earnings. Additional rates and information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet

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Although we do our best to recognize all Eligible Direct Deposits, a small number of employers, payroll providers, benefits providers, or government agencies do not designate payments as direct deposit. To ensure you're earning the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit, we encourage you to check your APY Details page the day after your Eligible Direct Deposit posts to your SoFi account. If your APY is not showing as the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit, contact us at 855-456-7634 with the details of your Eligible Direct Deposit. As long as SoFi Bank can validate those details, you will start earning the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit from the date you contact SoFi for the next 31 calendar days. You will also be eligible for the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit on future Eligible Direct Deposits, as long as SoFi Bank can validate them.

Deposits that are not from an employer, payroll, or benefits provider or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, Wise, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, or are non-recurring in nature (e.g., IRS tax refunds), do not constitute Eligible Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Eligible Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate. SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder's Eligible Direct Deposit activity to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility.

See additional details at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.
Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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Yield is the income generated by an investment over a period of time. Yield is typically calculated by taking the dividend, coupon or net income earned, dividing the figures by the value of the investment, then calculating the result as a percentage.

Yield is not the same as return or the rate of return. Yield is a way to track how much income was earned over a set period, relative to the initial cost of the investment or the market value of the asset. Return is the total loss or gain on an investment. Returns often include money made from dividends and interest. While all investments have some kind of rate of return, not all investments have a yield, because not all investments produce interest or dividends.

How Do You Calculate Yield?

Yield is typically calculated annually, but it can also be calculated quarterly or monthly.

Yield is calculated as the net realized income divided by the principal invested amount. Another way to think about yield is as the investment’s annual payments divided by the cost of that investment.

Here are formulas depending on the asset:

= Dividends Per Share/Share Price X 100%
= Coupon/Bond Price X 100%
= Net Income From Rent/Real Estate Value X 100%

For example, if a $100 stock pays out a $2 dividend for the year, then the yield for that year is 2 ÷ 100 X 100%, or a 2% yield.

Cost Yield vs. Current Yield

One important thing to think about when doing yield calculations is whether you’re looking at the original price of the stock or the current market price. (That can also be referred to as the current market value or face value.)

For example, in the above example, you have a $100 stock that pays a $2 dividend. If you divide that by the original purchase price, then you have a 2% yield. This is also known as the cost yield, because it’s based on the cost of the original investment.

However, if that $100 stock has gone up in price to $120, but still pays a $2 dividend, then if someone bought the stock right now at $120, it would be a 1.67% yield, because it’s based on the current price of the stock. That’s also known as the current yield.

Rate of Return vs. Yield

Calculating rate of return, by comparison, is done differently. Yield is simply a portion of the total return.

For example, if that same $100 stock has risen in market price to $120, then the return includes the change in stock price and the paid out dividend: [(120-100) + 2] ÷ 100, so 0.22, or a 22% total return.

The reason this matters is because the rate of return can change if the stock price changes, but often the yield on an investment is established in advance and generally doesn’t fluctuate too much.

Definition of Yield for Different Investments

Yield in Stock Investing

When you make money on stocks it often comes in two forms: as a dividend or as an increase in the stock price. If a stock pays out a dividend in cash to stockholders, the annual amount of those payments can be expressed as a percentage of the value of the security. This is the yield.

Many stocks actually pay out dividends quarterly. In order to calculate the annual yield, simply add up all the dividends paid out for the year and then do the calculation. If a stock doesn’t pay a dividend, then it doesn’t have a dividend yield.

Note that real estate investment trusts (REITs) are required to pay out 90% of their taxable income to existing shareholders in order to maintain their status as a pass-through entity. That means the yield on REITs is typically higher than for other stocks, which is one of the pros for REIT investing.

Sometimes investors also calculate a stock’s earnings yield, which is the earnings over a year, dividend by the share price. It’s one method an investor may use to try to value a stock.

Yield in Bond Investing

When it comes to bonds vs. stocks, the yield on a bond is the interest paid—which is typically stated on the bond itself. Bond interest payments are usually determined at the beginning of the bond’s life and remain constant until that bond matures.

However, if you buy a bond on the secondary market, then the yield might be different than the stated interest rate because the price you paid for the bond was different from the original price.

For bonds, yield is calculated by dividing the yearly interest payments by the payment value of the bond. For example, a $1,000 bond that pays $50 interest has a yield of 5%. This is the nominal yield. Yield to maturity calculates the average return for the bond if you hold it until it matures based on your purchase price.

Some bonds have variable interest rates, which means the yield might change over the bond’s life. Often variable interest rates are based on the set U.S. Treasury yield.

Is There a Market Yield?

Treasury yields are the yields on U.S. Treasury bonds and notes. When there is a lot of demand for bonds, prices generally rise, which causes yields to go down.

The Department of the Treasury sets a fixed face value for the bond and determines the interest rate it will pay on that bond. The bonds are then sold at auction. If there’s a lot of demand, then the bonds will sell for above face value also known as a premium.

That lowers the yield on the bond, since the government only pays back the face value plus the stated interest. (If there’s lower demand, then the bonds may sell for below face value, which increases the yield.)

When Treasury yields rise, interest rates on business and personal loans generally rise too. That’s because investors know they can make a set yield on government issued products, so other investment products have to offer a better return in order to be competitive. This affects the market in that it affects the rates on mortgages, loans, and in turn, market growth.

There isn’t a set market yield, since the yield on each stock and bond varies. But there is a yield curve that investors track, which is a good reference. The yield curve plots Treasury yields across maturities—i.e., how long it takes for a bond to mature. Typically, the curve plots upward, since it takes more of a yield to convince an investor to hold a bond for a longer amount of time.

An inverted yield curve can be a sign of an oncoming recession and can cause concern among investors. While you don’t necessarily need to track 10-year Treasury yields or worry about the yield curve, it is good to know what the general yield meaning is for investors so you can stay informed about your investments.


💡 Quick Tip: Before opening any investment account, consider what level of risk you are comfortable with. If you’re not sure, start with more conservative investments, and then adjust your portfolio as you learn more.

The Takeaway

A high yield means more cash flow and a higher income. But a yield that is too high isn’t necessarily a good thing. It could mean the market value of the investment is going down or that dividends being paid out are too high for the company’s earnings.

Of course, yield isn’t the only thing you’re probably looking for in your investments. Even when investing in the stock market, you may want to consider other aspects of the stocks you’re choosing: the history of the company’s growth and dividends paid out, potential for future growth or profit, the ratio of profit to dividend paid out. You may also want a diversified portfolio made up of different kinds of assets to balance return and risk.

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Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.


¹Probability of Member receiving $1,000 is a probability of 0.026%; If you don’t make a selection in 45 days, you’ll no longer qualify for the promo. Customer must fund their account with a minimum of $50.00 to qualify. Probability percentage is subject to decrease. See full terms and conditions.

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