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Scholarships are free money to help cover the cost of going to college, and they don’t need to be paid back like student loans. There are many scholarships and other forms of financial assistance that can help students with disabilities pay for college.

Below, we’ve outlined a list of disability scholarships, including their eligibility requirements and tips for applying.

What Is a Disability Scholarship?

A disability scholarship is a form of financial aid that’s intended specifically for students with a disability. Scholarships for students with disabilities may be used to cover the cost of support services in addition to tuition and room and board.

Scholarships and grants for college are a type of financial aid that you don’t need to pay back, making them a helpful resource to pay for college and school-related expenses.

Eligibility Requirements for Disability Scholarships

It’s important to review the eligibility requirements before applying for a scholarship or grant. Some scholarships may be open to all students with a documented disability, while others are reserved for applicants with certain types of physical, learning, or emotional disabilities.

Types of Disabilities Covered by Scholarships

Types of scholarships for students with disabilities cover a wide range of conditions, helping ensure that financial support is accessible to many learners with diverse needs. While some programs are broad and open to any documented disability, others are tailored to specific physical, cognitive, or sensory conditions.

Common disability categories include:

•   Physical disabilities (mobility impairments, chronic illnesses)

•   Visual impairments or blindness

•   Hearing impairments or deafness

•   Learning disabilities (such as dyslexia or ADHD)

•   Autism spectrum disorders

•   Mental health conditions

•   Intellectual and developmental disabilities

Recommended: Grants, Scholarships, and Loans: Differences

American Association on Health and Disability Scholarship

One notable scholarship for students with disabilities is the Frederick J. Krause Scholarship, which is funded by the American Association on Health and Disability. It provides multiple awards of $1,000 to students with a disability who are pursuing an undergraduate or graduate degree in a field related to disability and health.

To be eligible to apply, students must have completed at least one full year of college or be enrolled in a graduate degree program.

10 Scholarships for Students With Disabilities

In addition to the scholarship mentioned above, there are many other scholarships for students with disabilities to continue their education.

Scholarships can come from a variety of sources, including charitable foundations, nonprofit organizations, and private companies. Awards can be based on financial need, academic merit, or both.

There may be additional eligibility requirements, such as location or field of study. For instance, scholarships may be open to all levels of higher education or specific to students enrolled in undergraduate, graduate, or vocational programs.

Below is a list of 10 scholarships that are available exclusively to students with disabilities.

1. Microsoft Disability Scholarship

Scholarship amount: $5,000 in previous years; new amounts announced January 2026

Application deadline: October 1 in previous years; new deadlines announced January 2026

The Microsoft Disability Scholarship is awarded to current high school seniors with disabilities who plan to enroll in an accredited two- or four-year college or vocational/technical school in the U.S. Applicants must demonstrate leadership experience and a passion for technology, as well as be planning to pursue a degree in engineering, computer science, computer information systems, law, business, or a related field.

Recommended: Is a Computer Science Degree Worth It?

2. Anne Ford Scholarship

Scholarship amount: $10,000 ($2,500/year over four years)

Application deadline: April 20

The Anne Ford Scholarship, by the National Center for Learning Disabilities, gives a $10,000 award to a graduating high school senior with a documented learning disability. To be eligible, students must be planning to enroll in a full-time bachelor’s degree program.

3. Allegra Ford Thomas Scholarship

Scholarship amount: $5,000 ($2,500/year over two years)

Application deadline: April 21

The Allegra Ford Thomas Scholarship, also offered by the National Center for Learning Disabilities, awards one scholarship to a graduating high school senior who will enroll in a two-year community college, a vocational or technical training program, or a specialized program for students with disabilities. To apply, students must have a documented learning disability.

4. John Lepping Memorial Scholarship

Scholarship amount: Up to $5,000

Application deadline: May 1

The John Lepping Memorial Scholarship provides awards to support disabled youth in New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania in attending college. Recipients must be able to provide proof of a physical or psychological disability with a letter of confirmation by a physician.

5. Musicians With Disabilities Scholarship

Scholarship amount: $1,500

Application deadline: March 13

Sigma Alpha Iota offers the Musicians With Disabilities Scholarship of $1,500 to a member of the international music fraternity with a qualifying disability. Applicants must be enrolled in an undergraduate or graduate degree program in music, or studying to become a teacher or therapist in this field.

6. American Council of the Blind’s Scholarship Program

Scholarship amount: Up to $7,500

Application deadline: February 14

The American Council of the Blind’s Scholarship Program provides educational scholarships between $2,000 and $7,500 for incoming freshman, undergraduate students, graduate students, and students attending technical college. To be eligible, applicants must be legally blind, maintain a 3.0 GPA or higher, and either study full-time or be a part-time student who works at least 32 hours per week.

7. Wells Fargo Stacey Milbern Scholarship

Scholarship amount: $1,250-$2,500

Application deadline: Not yet released

The Wells Fargo Stacey Milbern Scholarship provides awards to help students with disabilities pursue education at a two- or four-year college on a full-time or part-time basis. Scholarships are renewable, and full-time students are eligible for a $2,500 annual award, while part-time students are eligible for a $1,250 annual award.

Recommended: Ultimate College Application Checklist

8. Marion Huber Learning Through Listening Awards

Scholarship amount: $2,000-$6,000

Application deadline: December 31

The Marion Huber Learning Through Listening® Award grants multiple scholarships to high school seniors with a learning disability who are planning to study at a two- or four-year college or vocational school. Applicants must be an active Learning Ally member and graduating from a high school in the U.S. to be eligible.

9. Yellow Ribbon Scholarship

Scholarship amount: $5,000

Application deadline: April 30

The American Bus Association offers a Tony Orlando Yellow Ribbon Scholarship to undergraduate, graduate, and training school students who have a declared major or course of study relevant to transportation, travel, or tourism. Students with a physical or sensory disability, veterans, and children of a wounded military veteran are eligible to apply. Applicants must also have a cumulative GPA of 3.0 or higher.

10. Simmons and Fletcher, P.C., Students With Disabilities Scholarship

Scholarship amount: $500-$1,000

Application deadline: December 1

The Simmons and Fletcher, P.C., Students With Disabilities Scholarship is awarded to two students with disabilities based on an essay competition, with the winner receiving a $1,000 award and second place receiving a $500 award. To apply, students must be completing their first semester of college and continuing their studies.

Bonus Scholarship: SoFi’s Scholarship Sweepstakes

For a chance to win SoFi’s monthly $2,500 Scholarship Sweepstakes, simply let us know your name, email address, and school.

How to Apply for Disability Scholarships

Application requirements vary by scholarship opportunity, so it’s recommended to plan ahead. Taking note of submission deadlines can help prioritize which scholarships to apply for and ensure you stay on track for preparing and submitting materials.

Often, students have to write a personal statement or submit an essay as part of the application. It’s important to pay attention to the instructions, including prompts, word limits, and other criteria used to select scholarship recipients.

Submitting school transcripts and a letter of recommendation are two other common requirements. Think about who can best attest to your strengths and achievements when selecting a reference.

Keep in mind that some scholarships require that recipients submit documentation of their disability to accept the award.

Recommended: A Guide to Unclaimed Scholarships and Grants

Can I Apply for Scholarships for Disabled Students if I Have a Learning Disability?

Yes, if you have a learning disability, you can apply for scholarships for disabled students. Many scholarships are geared toward students with one or more disabilities, including physical and learning disabilities. For some scholarships, having a learning disability is an eligibility requirement.

Recommended: SoFi’s Scholarship Search Tool

The Takeaway

There are many scholarships that are specifically designated for students with disabilities. Scholarships and grants are a useful way for students with disabilities to pay for college and reduce student loan debt.

Many students use multiple funding sources, including federal student loans and private student loans, to help cover the cost of college.

If you’ve exhausted all federal student aid options, no-fee private student loans from SoFi can help you pay for school. The online application process is easy, and you can see rates and terms in just minutes. Repayment plans are flexible, so you can find an option that works for your financial plan and budget.

FAQ

What types of scholarships are available for students with disabilities?

There are many scholarships for students with disabilities, including those based on specific disabilities, academic achievements, or financial need. Some scholarships are offered by disability advocacy organizations, while others are provided by colleges, nonprofits, or government programs to support educational success and accessibility for disabled students.

How can students with disabilities find scholarships?

Students with disabilities can find scholarships by researching online databases, consulting with school counselors, or reaching out to disability advocacy organizations. Websites like Disability.gov or the National Center for Learning Disabilities also offer scholarship listings tailored to specific needs.

What qualifies as a disability for scholarships?

A disability for scholarship purposes generally includes any documented physical, sensory, cognitive, mental health, or learning condition that substantially limits one or more major life activities. Eligibility typically requires medical or psychological documentation, and programs may define additional criteria depending on whether they target broad disabilities or specific conditions.

Do students with disabilities need to provide documentation when applying for scholarships?

Yes, most scholarships for students with disabilities require documentation of the disability. This might include a letter from a medical professional or educational accommodations documentation. Additionally, other materials like transcripts, essays, and recommendations may be required, depending on the scholarship’s criteria.

Can I apply for multiple disability scholarships at once?

Yes, you can apply for multiple disability scholarships at the same time, and doing so can increase your chances of receiving funding. Each scholarship has its own eligibility rules and application requirements, so be sure to review deadlines, prepare documentation, and tailor your materials to meet each program’s expectations.

Photo credit: iStock/SeventyFour

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Terms and conditions apply. SOFI RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MODIFY OR DISCONTINUE PRODUCTS AND BENEFITS AT ANY TIME WITHOUT NOTICE. SoFi Private Student loans are subject to program terms and restrictions, such as completion of a loan application and self-certification form, verification of application information, the student's at least half-time enrollment in a degree program at a SoFi-participating school, and, if applicable, a co-signer. In addition, borrowers must be U.S. citizens or other eligible status, be residing in the U.S., Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands, or American Samoa, and must meet SoFi’s underwriting requirements, including verification of sufficient income to support your ability to repay. Minimum loan amount is $1,000. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. SoFi reserves the right to modify eligibility criteria at any time. This information is subject to change. This information is current as of 4/22/2025 and is subject to change. SoFi Private Student loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891 (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org).

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SOISL-Q425-048

A reverse mortgage may help older Americans who find they need more money in retirement. It’s common for inflation and rising medical costs to be issues. A reverse mortgage allows them to convert some of their home’s equity into cash, which can benefit their financial situation.

Protections established over the past few years by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) focus on lowering the risk previously associated with reverse mortgages. What’s more, the federal and state governments have taken aim at deceptive marketing practices that can minimize the complex aspects of reverse mortgage agreements.

That said, it’s wise to proceed with caution. There are still considerable cons to reverse mortgages, and borrowers may be unaware of the finer points. One important fact: It is possible to lose your home if you don’t comply with all the loan terms. Take a closer look at this topic here.

Why Do People Choose a Reverse Mortgage?

A reverse mortgage allows qualifying homeowners age 62 and older to convert part of the equity they’ve built up in their primary residence into money they can use to pay off their existing mortgage or for any other expenses that come up in retirement (from health care costs to home repairs).

The big selling point for reverse mortgages is that the loan usually doesn’t have to be paid back until the last borrower, co-borrower, or eligible nonborrowing spouse dies, moves away, or sells the home. And when it is time to repay the loan, neither the borrower nor any of the borrower’s heirs will be expected to pay back more than the home is worth.

Main Types of Reverse Mortgages

There are three basic types of reverse mortgages. The most common is a home equity conversion mortgage (HECM), which is the only reverse mortgage insured by the U.S. government and is available only through an FHA-approved lender. An HECM can be used for anything, but there are limits on how much a homeowner can borrow.

Note: SoFi does not offer reverse mortgages or home equity conversion mortgages (HECM) at this time.

There are also proprietary reverse mortgages, which are private loans that may have fewer restrictions than HECMs — including how much a homeowner can borrow.

And there are single-purpose reverse mortgages, which are typically offered by nonprofit organizations or state or local government agencies that may limit how the funds can be used. Most of the time, when someone refers to a reverse mortgage, though, they’re talking about an HECM.

Reverse Mortgage Terms to Know

There are safeguards in the reverse mortgage process that protect borrowers. However, there are also loan terms borrowers are required to uphold or risk defaulting and potentially triggering a mortgage foreclosure. They include:

Staying Current With Ongoing Costs

Borrowers must stay up to date on property taxes, homeowners insurance, homeowners association fees, and other costs, or they could risk defaulting on the loan. An assessment of a borrower’s ability to pay for those ongoing expenses is part of the reverse mortgage application process, and if it looks as though money might be tight, a lender may require a borrower to set up a reserve fund, called a “set-aside,” for those costs. (In this way, it’s akin to an emergency fund, which is there to cover expenses if needed.)

Maintaining Full-Time Residency

Borrowers (and eligible non-borrowers) must use the home as their primary residence — the home they occupy for most of the year. If they move out of the house or leave the home for more than six months, or receive care at a nursing home or assisted living facility for more than 12 consecutive months, it could result in the lender calling the loan due and payable.

The lender also may choose to accelerate the loan if the borrower sells the home or transfers the title to someone else, or if the borrower dies and the property isn’t the principal residence of a surviving borrower.

Keeping the Home in Good Repair

Because the home is collateral and may have to be sold to repay the loan, lenders may require borrowers to do basic maintenance that will help the property keep its value (e.g., repairing a leaky roof or fixing a problem with the electrical system). If an inspector feels the home is not being properly maintained, the lender could take action.

What Happens If a Reverse Mortgage Borrower Defaults?

If the homeowners default, the first thing that could happen is that future loan payments may be stopped. And if the problem isn’t corrected within the lender’s stated timeline, the loan may become due and payable, which means the money the lender has distributed to the borrower, plus any interest and fees that have accrued, must be repaid. In that case, the borrower typically has four options:

•   They can pay the balance in full and keep their home.

•   They can sell the home for the lesser of the balance or 95% of the appraised value and use the proceeds to pay off the loan.

•   They can sign the property back to the lender.

•   They can allow the lender to begin foreclosure.

No matter what the homeowners decide to do, the process could take months to complete. HECM lenders may offer borrowers additional time to fix the problem that put them into default, or the borrowers may qualify for extensions or a repayment plan.

But in the meantime, there could be other implications — if the homeowners are no longer getting money they need to pay their bills or if the lender reports the default to credit monitoring agencies — that could affect the homeowners’ credit scores.

A Few Alternatives to Consider

The advertisements some lenders use to sell their reverse mortgages can be convincing, and some seniors may see these loans as a convenient way to get some extra cash or as a much-needed lifeline.

But, as with any financial decision, there are advantages and disadvantages — and alternatives — to be considered. There are other ways homeowners may be able to get help that could be less complicated and less limiting than a reverse mortgage.

Here are a few options:

•   Borrowers may wish to tap into their home’s equity with a traditional home equity loan or home equity line of credit. They’ll have to make monthly payments, and their income and credit history will be considered when they apply, but the terms may be more flexible and the overall cost may be lower than a reverse mortgage. Because the home is used as collateral, there’s still a risk of foreclosure.

•   Low interest-rate personal loans might be another option for homeowners who qualify for a competitive interest rate based on their income and credit. Borrowers who don’t have much equity in their home may choose to look into this type of loan, which is unsecured and is paid out in a lump sum. While foreclosure is not a worry with a personal loan, there still may be consequences to the borrower’s credit rating if they don’t uphold the loan terms.

•   Borrowers who are struggling to keep up with their bills in retirement may find that refinancing a mortgage with a new, lower-cost mortgage might be an option to help them lower their monthly payments and stay on track with their budget.

Or, if they need extra cash right away and can get a low enough interest rate, they may want to look into a “cash-out refinance,” which would involve taking out a new loan for a larger amount based on the equity they’ve built up during the years they’ve lived in the home.

Unfortunately, no matter which type of loan homeowners might choose, there could be risks.

The government requires a counseling session for reverse mortgage borrowers for a reason: They’re complex, and it can be helpful to have someone cover all the rules and costs involved.

Homeowners may also want to pay a financial advisor and tap their expertise about what type of loan, if any, fits with their needs, goals, and where they are in their retirement.

Though reverse mortgages are available to homeowners starting at age 62, borrowers who expect to have a long retirement may choose to wait until they’re older to tap into their home equity, so they don’t risk running out of money in their later years.

The Takeaway

For people 62 and older who own their homes, getting a reverse mortgage may be a good way to get funds during retirement. If this is an option you’re considering, be sure to evaluate what responsibilities you’d have and the risks as well as the advantages. But know that there is information, counseling, and protection to help make it unlikely that you would lose your home after getting a reverse mortgage.

Looking for an affordable option for a home mortgage loan? SoFi can help: We offer low down payments (as little as 3% - 5%*) with our competitive and flexible home mortgage loans. Plus, applying is extra convenient: It's online, with access to one-on-one help.

FAQ

How do people lose their homes from a reverse mortgage?

With the most common type of reverse mortgage – a home equity conversion mortgage (HECM) – it’s possible for your lender to take your home if you don’t meet the mortgage obligations. These include staying current with ongoing costs (like property taxes, homeowners insurance, and homeowners association fees, for example), maintaining the property, and using it as your primary residence where you live more than half the year.

Do you give up your house in a reverse mortgage?

When you get a reverse mortgage, your lender does not own your house. You still retain the title and own your house for the duration of the mortgage, unless you default.

What is the six-month rule for home mortgages?

One of the conditions of the most common kind of reverse mortgage – a home equity conversion mortgage (HECM) – is that your home must be your primary residence. That means you must live there more than half the year – six months – or you will be violating the terms of the reverse mortgage.

*SoFi requires Private Mortgage Insurance (PMI) for conforming home loans with a loan-to-value (LTV) ratio greater than 80%. As little as 3% down payments are for qualifying first-time homebuyers only. 5% minimum applies to other borrowers. Other loan types may require different fees or insurance (e.g., VA funding fee, FHA Mortgage Insurance Premiums, etc.). Loan requirements may vary depending on your down payment amount, and minimum down payment varies by loan type.

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Terms, conditions, and state restrictions apply. Not all products are available in all states. See SoFi.com/eligibility-criteria for more information.

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A capital market is an exchange or platform where individuals, institutions, governments, and other entities come together to buy and sell securities. Well-known capital markets typically include the stock, bond, and commodities markets.

Capital markets generally facilitate the trading of longer-term securities vs. money markets, where investors can buy short-term debt. Capital markets today may or may not have specific geographical locations, as most capital markets conduct business electronically.

What Are Capital Markets?

Capital markets perform a key economic role. They bring together those who need to sell securities and those who wish to buy them, thereby facilitating the movement of capital around the world. Capital markets include a wide range of securities markets where funds can be traded between companies, governments, institutions, and individuals for myriad reasons (like investing online).

Established capital markets include stock and bond markets, and commodities. Capital markets and money markets are distinct, though: money markets are where short-term debt is traded. Most capital markets are located in the world’s financial centers, such as London, New York, Singapore, and Hong Kong.

What Is the Main Purpose of Capital Markets?

As noted, the main purpose of capital markets is to bring buyers and sellers together, specifically, for those who want to transact in securities markets. This means that they’re a meeting place for organizations or entities (governments, companies, etc.) that need money to get it from those who are willing to lend it or buy equity (investors).

Capital markets are important to the functioning of the broader economy.

What Are the Types of Capital Markets?

There are different types of capital markets, including broad markets: primary and secondary markets.

Primary vs Secondary Market

Capital markets are commonly divided into primary and secondary markets. The primary markets are where issuers sell “new” securities, and where investors buy them.

The other side of the capital markets are the secondary markets. This is where investors buy and sell the securities that have already been issued, often through a self-directed investing account.

Stock Market vs Bond Market

Stock markets are probably the most well-known of the capital markets. They are where companies go to acquire the capital they need to grow, and where investors go to buy stocks, and find opportunities for their capital to grow.

Bond markets operate differently. For one thing, the bond market doesn’t have a central exchange. Instead, they sell over the counter (OTC). And most of the people who trade in this OTC market are professional traders, such as pension funds, investment banks, hedge funds, and asset managers.

A bond is similar to an IOU, in that investors agree to lend capital to a government, company, or other bond issuer in exchange for regular interest payments over time, and a guarantee their principal will be repaid when the bond matures.

Stock and bond markets are one way to divide up the capital markets. But there are other securities such as convertible bonds, convertible preference shares and other alternative securities that companies sell to raise capital.

Capital Markets vs. Financial Markets vs. Money Markets

Financial markets are a broader category that include both capital markets and money markets. People sometimes use all three terms interchangeably, but there are some distinctions.

Financial Markets

Financial markets, generally, are any venue in which individuals and institutions trade any financial asset, including stocks, bonds, currencies, derivatives, commodities, and alternative investments.

Capital Markets

Capital markets specifically refer to the places where companies and other entities go to raise capital. Some distinguish capital markets as the segment where investors can invest in longer-term securities, versus the short-term instruments available through money markets.

Money Markets

Capital markets are also distinct from money markets in that the money market is where investors trade short-term debt, generally less than one year. Money markets support entities that need the return from short-term debt instruments.

The key distinction between money markets and capital markets are the types of securities traded, their risk level, and duration.

Money market instruments are generally fixed-income securities, and as such can be considered lower risk than other securities traded in the capital markets.

Real-world Examples of Capital Markets

Here are a few examples of capital markets at work in the real world.

Example 1: A Company Goes Public (IPO)

Many companies will choose to conduct an initial public offering, or IPO, in an effort to raise capital in quantities that simply aren’t available through private investors. The public capital market creates the opportunity for millions of investors to buy stakes in the company.

A company will usually consider an IPO when it has grown in size and matured as an organization. From a size perspective, one common time to consider an IPO is when a unicorn company has reached a valuation of $1 billion, though many companies go public before this point.

For many companies, the day of its IPO represents the beginning of a new stage of growth. In addition to the funds raised in an IPO, the credibility and transparency of being a publicly traded company can make it easier and less expensive to borrow money in the future.

Example 2: A City Issues Bonds for a New School

To access public funding through a bond issue, a company or another entity will start by discussing its need for capital with an investment bank or banks, which will act as the underwriter. In some cases, an entity may issue bonds directly, without using an underwriter.

If the bond issuer doesn’t have a rating from a bond-rating agency, the bank will help the borrower get in touch with the right rating agencies.

Once the terms of the bond are agreed upon, and the rating assigned to it, the bank sets up meetings with institutional investors. If they respond positively, then the bonds go to the investors who agreed to buy it over the course of the meetings leading up to the issuance date.

Example 3: Capital Markets in Real Estate

There are several ways that capital markets can serve or operate within the real estate sector. For instance, if a real estate developer needed to raise capital to fund a project, they could securitize it and sell shares, such shares of a real estate investment trust (REIT). Or, if a city needed to fund a project, they could sell shares of municipal bonds to raise the money to do it.

Further, there are financial instruments that are backed by real estate, such as mortgage-backed securities.

The Takeaway

The term capital markets encompasses the in-person and electronic exchanges where companies, governments, institutions, and other entities go to obtain capital from investors.

While the term financial markets is often used to indicate the means by which all types of securities and investment are traded, capital markets tends to refer to the platforms that facilitate the trading of equities and longer-term debt instruments.

Ready to invest in your goals? It’s easy to get started when you open an investment account with SoFi Invest®. You can trade stocks, ETFs, or options through self-directed investing with SoFi Securities, or simply automate your investments with a robo advisor from SoFi Wealth. You'll gain access to alternative investments and upcoming IPOs, and can plan for retirement with a tax-advantaged IRA. With SoFi, you can manage all your investments, all in one place.

FAQ

What are capital markets in simple terms?

Capital markets bring together companies and other entities that need capital for various purposes, and investors who are willing to buy the securities they offer.

What is the capital market vs the stock market?

The stock market is an important subset of capital markets. It’s where companies that issue shares of their stock can find willing investors.

What is a primary market vs a secondary market?

A primary market is where securities or certain assets are issued for public sale for the first time, and a secondary market is where those securities or assets are subsequently traded or transacted.

Who are the main participants in capital markets?

Broadly, the main participants in capital markets are issuers, or those looking to sell equity or debt for funding, and investors, who are those looking to spend or lend capital in exchange for equity. Intermediaries could also be included, and those include market makers who connect issuers and investors.

Is the foreign exchange (forex) market a capital market?

Yes, the forex market could be considered a type of capital market.

Photo credit: iStock/Ivan Pantic