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Finishing veterinary school is an incredible achievement. After so much training and dedication, it’s finally time for new vets to turn their passion for improving animal health into a rewarding and meaningful career. But one thing might be standing in their way: student loan debt.

Veterinarians graduating in 2018 had an average student debt load of $183,014, including vets who didn’t take out any loans.
That’s a pretty steep hurdle for anyone starting out in a career. Based on these numbers, it’s no wonder that recent Doctors of Veterinary Medicine, or DVMs, might be struggling to find a healthy balance between loan repayment, saving for retirement, and helping their furred and feathered patients.

Luckily, there are more than a few repayment options out there that cater specifically to veterinarians. Some programs offer tuition repayment assistance in exchange for short-term work, while others offer student loan forgiveness for long-term service. In addition to these, there are a few often-overlooked refinancing options that might also help borrowers reduce their debt. Let’s take a look to see which financing options might fit different vets’ unique career needs.

Veterinary Loan Repayment Programs

If a vet specializes in large animal or veterinary agricultural medicine, there are a few loan repayment programs that might reduce their debt in exchange for a few years of work.

For a student still in the process of researching and applying to veterinary schools, it might be worthwhile to take note of which state universities offer student loan repayment assistance to their students in exchange for several years of post-graduate service in local agricultural veterinary medicine. Some schools offer a wide range of loan repayment assistance for veterinary students. Here are just a few:

The Veterinary Medicine Loan Repayment Program

The Veterinary Medicine Loan Repayment Program (VMLRP) is a federal program established in 2003 by the USDA. In exchange for three years of service in a location where there is a shortage of veterinarians, a borrower can receive up to $25,000 each year (up to three years) in loan repayment assistance.

State Veterinary Loan Repayment Program

Some individual states also offer loan repayment programs to attract large-animal vets to remote areas. While some of these programs are tied to specific state university veterinary programs, others are designed to attract recent graduates.

For example, North Dakota offers up to $80,000 in repayment assistance for four years of service working with food supply animals, and Maine provides up to $100,000 for up to four years of service. On the other hand, Pennsylvania only forgives a maximum of $10,000.

Veterinarians might want to contact their state before accepting a job solely because they believe their loans will be forgiven. Funding sometimes varies from year to year in certain states, so it can be helpful to double-check that the state is participating in loan forgiveness at the time they want to enroll.

The U.S. Army Medical Department

The U.S. Army Medical Department (AMEDD) also offers loan repayment as a benefit to qualifying veterinarians. For active-duty servicemembers, vets are eligible for up to $120,000 in student loan repayments over a three-year period, receiving $40,000 per year. For those who enter the reserves, up to $50,000 is offered over three years, receiving $20,000 the first two years and $10,000 the third year.

The Federal Faculty Loan Repayment Program

If someone comes from a disadvantaged background and plans to go into academia, the Federal Faculty Loan Repayment Program offers up to $40,000 in repayment for veterinarians who serve on the faculty of eligible universities for two years. The program also offers funds to offset the taxes associated with repayment assistance. In 2018, 164 veterinarians applied for the repayment program, and 23 received awards.

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) Loan Repayment Program

The NIH Loan Repayment Program is for veterinarians or other health professionals who focus on research, rather than practical medicine.
The NIH provides eight awards total—five are extramural, meaning they’re given to people who aren’t employed by the NIH, and three are intramural, or for researchers who are employed by the NIH. DVMs qualify for both extramural and intramural awards.

Most contracts last for two years. The repayment amount will total one-quarter of a researcher’s eligible student loans, up to $50,000. People can receive up to $100,000 if they owe more than $200,000 in student loans. Researchers do have the option to renew their awards if they meet certain qualifications.

Intramural General Research awards, which are open to researchers in any field, last for three years. Borrowers who receive the competitive General Research award will have one-quarter of their eligible student loans forgiven, or up to $50,000 per year. Those who receive the non-competitive General Research award will receive one-quarter of their eligible student loans, up to $20,000 annually.

Veterinary Loan Forgiveness Programs

For vets who specialize in areas outside of agriculture, there are fewer well-funded repayment options. However, loan forgiveness programs could be a potential benefit if a vet wants to pursue a career in public service, helping animals in need.

The Public Service Loan Forgiveness Program (PSLF) is a program meant for qualifying federal student loan borrowers working full time in a qualifying position in government, social work, or education, or if they work for a qualifying tax-exempt nonprofit like the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA). After they have made 10 years’ worth of on-time monthly payments under a qualifying repayment plan, they could have the balance on their federal Direct loans forgiven.

To anyone who thinks having their vet school loans be forgiven in just 10 years is too good to be true—well, they might be right. It can be difficult to qualify for this program. As of 2019, 110,729 borrowers had applied for PSLF and only 1,216 had been approved.

Reasons for denial range from applicants failing to make payments correctly to working for ineligible employers to attempting to qualify for
ineligible loans.

In President Trump’s 2020 budget proposal, he explains that he wants to eliminate PSLF altogether. If the budget passes, borrowers who take out student loans after July 1, 2020, cannot enroll in PSLF.

Income-Driven Repayment (IDR) Plans

The federal government offers four types of income-driven repayment plans for federal student loan borrowers with eligible student loans. These programs consider a borrower’s discretionary income, which is the amount someone earns after subtracting taxes and essential living expenses. People who enroll in one of these programs could have their vet school loans forgiven after 20-25 years.

•   Income-Based Repayment (IBR): Those who are new borrowers on or after July 1, 2014, will pay 10% of their discretionary income for 20 years. People who were not new borrowers by July 1, 2014, will pay 15% for 25 years. After a borrower has paid for the designated amount of time, their remaining loan balance will be forgiven.

•   Income-Contingent Repayment (ICR): When a borrower enrolls in ICR, they may choose the lesser of two options. They can either pay 20% of their discretionary income each month or whatever they would pay if they spread their loan payment evenly across 12 years—whichever is cheapest. After 25 years, the remaining amount will be forgiven.

•   Pay As You Earn (PAYE): People pay up to 10% of their discretionary income monthly. However, they’ll never pay more than they would had they enrolled in the 10-year Standard Repayment Plan. The remaining balance will be forgiven after 20 years.

•   Revised Pay As You Earn (REPAYE): Borrowers typically pay 10% of their discretionary income. People whose loans were solely for undergraduate studies would make payments for 20 years before the remainder is forgiven. However, people who took out loans for graduate or professional studies (like veterinarians) will make payments for 25 years.

Income-driven repayment plans can be amazing solutions for some borrowers, but they aren’t necessarily the best fit for everyone.

Veterinarians can use a repayment calculator to determine which type of plan is the best match for their needs. Some will discover that one of these income-driven programs will save them the most money, while others may choose to enroll in a standard or graduated repayment plan.

Refinancing Veterinary Student Loans

There’s one other option that might give vets the freedom to design the ideal payback schedule: refinancing their loans. If borrowers have a good credit score and financial profile, they might be able to refinance their loans with a bank or student loan refinancer to get a lower interest rate. Over time, a lower interest rate could potentially save a vet thousands over their repayment period.

Refinancing student loans involves taking out a brand new loan with a new interest rate, and using that loan to pay off existing loans. Lower rates and/or term could help vets pay less in the long run and/or pay off their debt more quickly.

Not only could borrowers improve their loan terms, but making only one payment per month (rather than a separate payment for each individual loan) has the potential to simplify their lives.

When a borrower refinances federal loans, it’s important to keep in mind that they will no longer have access to federal loan benefits, like the PSLF, income-driven repayment, or deferment and forbearance.

But if they don’t plan on taking advantage of these benefits, have a steady income (among other positive personal financial factors), and want better loan terms, refinancing could be the best fit for their needs.

By refinancing with SoFi, vets can refinance both federal and private student loans into one new loan. SoFi members even have access to bonus features, including live customer service and career coaching—at no extra cost!

Those ready to refinance can quickly apply online for free. SoFi offers competitive rates and doesn’t charge application fees, origination fees, or pre-payment penalties.

External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

SoFi Student Loan Refinance
SoFi Student Loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891. (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org). SoFi Student Loan Refinance Loans are private loans and do not have the same repayment options that the federal loan program offers, or may become available, such as Public Service Loan Forgiveness, Income-Based Repayment, Income-Contingent Repayment, PAYE or SAVE. Additional terms and conditions apply. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal.

SLR18103

Imagine this: Your friends text you, let’s go skiing! And you want to say yes. Who wouldn’t want to glide down a mountain and enjoy an apres ski in a cozy lodge? And no worries, you say, I’ll just put it on the card! Or this: Your best friend plans a destination wedding to France.

Of course you’re going to RSVP yes—you couldn’t miss out on witnessing such a momentous day. And hey, when you use your credit card you’ll earn a few rewards.

Or even this: Your little sister needs a dress for prom, and asks if you’ll cover the cost. It’s a once-in-a-lifetime experience, you think as you hand over your card.

It’s easy to say yes in the moment, offer up your credit card, and think about the cost later. But the shock and stress of looking at your credit card statement after a month of spending can be overwhelming. And when your spending goes unchecked or your balance doesn’t diminish, credit card debt can rack up quickly.

When used responsibly, credit cards can provide the opportunity to do things like build credit and earn rewards points or cash back that can be used for other purchases. When used with abandon, however, careless spending on credit cards can lead to debt—which may feel insurmountable.

It’s no secret that credit card debt is a problem that plagues many Americans. According to the Federal Reserve, consumer debt in 2019 exceeded $4 trillion , over $1 trillion of which is credit card debt.

Nearly 55% of Americans who have a credit card are in credit card debt. The average credit card balance during the first quarter of 2019 was $6,028 , according to Experian. That balance can grow quickly, considering that annual percentage rates (APRs) for credit cards can be quite high (the average APR has hovered around 17% for some time).

Common Ways to Deal with Credit Card Debt

If you’re currently dealing with or have dealt with credit card debt in the past, you know how hard it can be to dig yourself out of the hole. While it can feel like an impossible problem to solve, there are strategies and resources available which may put you on a path toward eliminating your credit card debt once and for all.

When taking action on your credit card debt, it is generally recommended to put a plan in place. There are plenty of strategies that are touted for their ability to help you crush debt. Creating a debt reduction plan might provide the structure you need to meet your goal of debt repayment.

For some, the avalanche method, which organizes debts based on interest rate so the debt with the highest interest rate is targeted first, may make the most sense. For others, the built in reward of the snowball method, which targets debts with the smallest amount first may be preferred.

Regardless of the method you choose, it’s considered best practice when using these programs to try and stick with the debt repayment plan you’ve developed unless you see a compelling reason to switch. It can also be an opportunity to check in with your spending to determine what habits have gotten you into debt. You may find you’ll need to make a few changes to your spending habits to truly eliminate credit card debt from your life.

Beyond aggressively making payments on your debt, there may be other strategies worth considering. For some, it may be helpful to find a way to consolidate your credit card debt into better repayment terms.

One option for this is to use a balance transfer credit card. In concept, these are pretty straightforward. Basically, you open a new no- or low-interest credit card and transfer the balance of your existing credit card to it. You’re then able to pay off your debt with a lower interest rate as long as the balance is repaid within the given timeframe.

This, in theory, could put you on the path to pay off your credit cards in a more timely manner because you may not face high interest payments. But the low interest rate on balance transfer credit cards is usually only offered for an introductory period, commonly anywhere between six and 18 months. After that period expires, the rates usually increase.

If you can pay off the balance transfer card before the low initial rate expires, it could be an avenue worth pursuing. However, balance transfers often come with a fee—usually 3% to 5% of the total amount you’re transferring.

If it’s a large debt, you may end up paying a hefty fee, which may make this option a less attractive method. Another option is borrowing a personal loan for credit card debt consolidation. While it may seem counterintuitive to take out a new debt to help get out of an old debt, it could be worth considering.

FAQs: Paying Off Credit Card Debt with an installment Loan

For some, paying off credit card debt with a personal loan (which is an installment loan) might be a helpful strategy for getting out of credit card debt. Here are some commonly asked questions about debt consolidation loans:

Why use a personal loan to pay off credit cards?

If you have a lot of high-interest credit cards, you can rack up debt much more quickly if you don’t pay off the entire monthly balance, which ultimately might hold you back from building a solid financial future.

Carrying a balance from month to month means you’re not only paying for the upfront cost of your purchases, you may also be paying a hefty fee in interest. On average, households with a revolving balance of credit card debt paid $1,141 in interest.

If you’re in this situation, using an unsecured personal loan to pay off credit card debt can be an avenue worth exploring.

Ways to use a loan to pay off credit card debt

Instead of owing money on multiple credit cards, some people take the total amount owed among all their cards, consolidate that debt into a single loan amount to pay off the credit cards. That is what’s known as an installment loan known as a personal loan.

By doing this, you would then start making payments toward one single personal loan instead of payments to multiple cards. The hope would be that the interest rate on the personal loans would be lower than any combined interest rates on any credit cards you might have.

Is using a personal loan to pay off credit cards the right option for you?

Whether consolidating your credit card debt through a personal loan is right for you is based on different factors.

For instance, what are the balances and terms on your current credit card debt vs the terms you could obtain on a new debt consolidation loan? Try utilizing a debt calculator to help you gather some estimated numbers. If you qualify for a lower interest rate, paying off credit debt with a personal loan has a number of potential advantages. For one thing, consolidating or refinancing debt can help simplify your payment plan, turning multiple bills into one.

Taking out a personal loan to pay off debt can be one way to take advantage of better financing terms such as lower interest rates, which could help save you money in the long run.

Benefits of Taking Out a Personal Loan to Pay Off Credit Cards

Debt consolidation loans can be particularly useful for consolidating debt on multiple credit cards that may have less than favorable terms, and it’s easy to see why. Debt consolidation loans can potentially help you streamline your finances. Making a lower fixed payment on a single loan every month may also help reduce the chances of missing payments.

It is worth noting that some credit card interest rates can vary based on factors such as the type of transaction, purchase, or cash advance, whether the rate is fixed or variable, qualifying criteria, and more.

According to Bankrate.com the average interest rate on a variable credit card is running around 17% and sometimes reaching as high as 29.9% APR if you miss payments. One tool to help you understand how much interest you might be paying is our Credit Card Interest Calculator.

Personal loans, on the other hand, can typically be found at a lower interest rate. A lower interest rate could potentially reduce the amount of interest the borrower is required to repay over the life of the loan.

Depending on your circumstances, a percentage point or two off could make enough of an impact on your interest payments to place you on the path to paying off your credit cards in a more timely manner.

When you take out a personal loan it can be used for almost anything that’s a personal expense, such as general consumer/household purpose, home renovations, and debt consolidation; theoretically, you could use a personal loan to pay for anything from a wedding to an elephant (although good luck finding a low APR on that one).

Potential Considerations Before Taking Out a Loan to Consolidate Credit Card Debt

When considering a personal loan, one way to start could be by making a chart of your debts and their respective interest rates, and calculate how long it could take you to become debt-free.

Also, consider whether you have explored all options in determining how best to position your outstanding debt into better financing terms.

Once you’ve done the initial legwork, a good next step is to compare that credit card repayment plan with a personal loan, and see which is better for your budget.

Check the math and review the loan terms and interest rate to confirm you’d actually end up with a preferable repayment plan. For instance, a lower monthly payment might seem great, but if it ultimately extends the length of your repayment, depending on the rate and term, you might end up paying more in interest than you realize.

Consider your current and future financing terms: whether it’s simply peace of mind in the form of one monthly bill, or saving the maximum amount of money, what works best for one person may not be great for you. If you’re still in doubt about how to best get ahead of your debt, consider asking for help from a professional.

Those professionals could offer some valuable insight to help you create a personalized plan that can help you find the best path toward your financial goals, like living in a debt-free future.

Taking an intentional step toward tackling your debt can be challenging, but with a little creativity and discipline, you can work on managing your debt without letting it slow your financial plans for the future.

With SoFi, you may qualify to consolidate your high interest debt into one single unsecured personal loan, with loan amounts up to $100,000 and fixed interest rates with no origination fees or prepayment penalties.

Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .

External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

PL17107

With graduation comes a fair share of celebration and changes. From grad parties to finding your first job to possibly a major move, life moves pretty fast during that first year out of school. While you’re busy setting up a new life, you may not even have time to think about those student loans you might’ve taken out for school.

When it comes to student loans, however, it’s not as easy as out of sight, out of mind. You might be busy setting up the next phase of your life, but don’t forget that your loan repayment will come calling, and likely sooner than you think.

Graduate students and undergrads currently leave school owing $29,200 on average, but the total amount you’ll pay back will depend on things like the interest rates on your student loans, the length of the loan term, and any loan forgiveness you may be eligible for. If you used student loans to get through college, you’re one of the 45 million Americans sharing the load of the country’s $1.6 trillion-plus student loan debt.

These figures are certainly daunting, especially for students who may face uncertainty about job prospects or find themselves having to leave school unfinished due to financial hardships or other reasons.

But one possible avenue for debt relief is that many student loans come with a grace period. A grace period is the length of time before you have to start student loan repayment, and the clock typically starts six months after you:

•   graduate
•   leave school
•   drop below part-time credit hours

Typically, you can use a grace period once per loan. During the grace period, you’re not required to make payments on your student loans. Most federal student loan grace periods are six months, but the Federal Perkins loan has a grace period of nine months. Some federal student loan grace periods can be extended even longer, for active duty military for instance. PLUS loans do not offer a grace period.

A grace period is different from other loan payment delays, such as deferments or forbearance, which have to be requested (grace periods typically begin automatically for those loans that have them)..

One important note: Grace periods are usually only available on federal student loans, and not all federal student loans have grace periods.

If you take out a private student loan some lenders, such as SoFi, may allow those with existing student loans in pre-repayment grace period status to align their first payment date with the soonest scheduled first payment date of those existing loans (up to a maximum of 180 days from the date of approval). In other cases, you may have to start repayment as soon as you graduate or leave school.

Theoretically, the grace period is there to give you time to get yourself financially settled and solidly employed, and for many students who are just leaving the campus life, a grace period feels like a no-brainer.

That said, there are other options during your grace period: You can get a jumpstart on your student loans and start paying them immediately, or start saving up to pay them. As with any financial decision, though, there are pros and cons to consider.

Here are some questions to consider during your grace period.

Some Advantages of Student Loan Grace Periods

The biggest advantage of the grace period is that you have a cushion of time before you have to start making loan payments, usually around six months after graduation/leaving school/dropping to part-time enrollment. Under certain circumstances, you may qualify for an extension.

Exceptions for most federal student loans include:

•   Active military duty. If you’re called for duty more than a month before the end of your grace period, you’ll have a full six-month grace period when you return.

•   Going back to school. If you go back to school before the end of your grace period, even just part-time, your grace period will reset to six months after you stop attending school.

•   Consolidating the loan. If you choose to consolidate your eligible federal student loans before your grace period ends, you’ll forfeit the rest of your grace period. In that situation, your payments will begin in about two months after the consolidation loan is disbursed.

Federal loans that have a six-month grace period include:

•   Direct Subsidized Loans
•   Direct Unsubsidized Loans
•   Subsidized Federal Stafford Loans
•   Unsubsidized Federal Stafford Loans

If you received a Federal Perkins Loan before the program expired, the average grace period is around nine months. You may want to check with your school to be certain.

The only federal loans that don’t offer a grace period are PLUS loans, which are reserved for:

•   graduate students
•   professional students
•   parents of dependent undergraduates

PLUS repayment begins immediately, but borrowers may be eligible for deferment. (Not sure what type of loan you have? Check the National Student Loan Data System .)

Used wisely, the grace period can serve its intended purpose — to give you some breathing room to find your first job, get settled, and build up a bit of income.

The bills come quickly during that first foray into post-college life, including moving costs, rental deposits, utility setup, groceries, decorations, and business attire. The grace period may give you adequate time to take care of all those necessities and get a few paychecks into your bank account before starting to pay back your loans.

Some Disadvantages of Student Loan Grace Periods

Even when you’re not required to make payments during your grace period, you’ll likely still accrue interest on your federal student loans. If your loan was large to begin with, this accumulation of interest could put you at even more of a disadvantage right out of the gate.

The exception to this rule is if you have federal Direct Subsidized Loans—these will not accrue interest during the grace period.

To make matters even more complicated, some loans simply accrue interest, while others capitalize unpaid interest into the principal balance of the loan, which means you effectively pay interest twice. Making interest payments on a student loan, even if you decide to use the grace period, may help you avoid any unpleasant surprises.

On top of that, graduation, moving, and getting a job can come with a bunch of unexpected spending. While emergencies and unanticipated bills come up, especially during your first year out of school, it’s encouraged to keep expenses down.

Remember when the grace period is up, you’ll have to start making monthly payments, or risk penalties such as delinquent marks on your credit report and late fees.

Choosing How to Handle Your Grace Period

If you decide that the pros of the student loan grace period outweigh the cons, you could use that payment-free time to start setting aside funds for later. During your grace period you can:

•   Use a student loan calculator to determine your monthly payments.
•   Work with your lender/servicer to see what your payments will be.
•   Make it a goal to try and put away at least a partial amount each month.

If you get used to living on a budget that doesn’t include your student loan payment, you may be setting yourself up for future stress. Instead, you could consider:

•   Waiving the grace period and starting student loan payments immediately. If you have enough wiggle room in your budget, you can start paying your loans down immediately. Since your loan wouldn’t be accruing unpaid interest during the grace period, it could lead to savings in the long term.

•   Setting aside a part of your monthly paycheck to start paying down the interest. If your budget doesn’t allow for monthly payments yet, you could try saving what you can to pay off some of the interest on your student loans during the grace period. Even a small contribution can make a difference.

But if your budget doesn’t allow for any payments during your grace period, don’t sweat it. Your grace period is there for a reason, to give you some breathing room while you sort things out financially.

Some Ways Refinancing Can Help

Although you might be stuck with the debt, you aren’t necessarily stuck with the terms of the original loan you took out. It may be possible to refinance your student loans to terms that work better for you. Refinancing lets you take out a brand-new loan with a new interest rate and new loan terms.

When refinancing, you may be able to qualify for a lower interest rate than the one you are currently paying. Refinancing student loan debt could also offer you the opportunity to shorten your term length or lower your monthly payment (possibly by extending your term).

If you are managing a number of student loans, refinancing may help to simplify your life by giving you one loan to pay, instead of multiple loans to remember.

Keep in mind that if and when you refinance your federal student loans, you will be losing out on potential benefits that come with them.

These benefits, like Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF), income-driven repayment plans, or deferment or forbearance, can also save you money and stress, so make sure to do your research before deciding to refinance.

If you choose to refinance your student loan, you might consider doing it with SoFi. With flexible terms and low- or fixed-variable rates, SoFi can make it easy to save while repaying your student loans. There are no application or origination fees, and you can do it all online.

Don’t let your grace period’s end catch you off guard. If you plan ahead, and plan for future payments, you could end up on more solid financial footing.

About SoFi

SoFi offers student loan refinancing which may help you lower your monthly payments or shorten your loan term. Discover the different student loan refinancing options to see if refinancing could be a good option for you.

SoFi Student Loan Refinance
SoFi Student Loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891. (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org). SoFi Student Loan Refinance Loans are private loans and do not have the same repayment options that the federal loan program offers, or may become available, such as Public Service Loan Forgiveness, Income-Based Repayment, Income-Contingent Repayment, PAYE or SAVE. Additional terms and conditions apply. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal.

SLR18175

Despite all of the conversation the student loan crisis has inspired in recent years, one important piece of the puzzle is often missing from the dialogue. While most headlines have focused on undergraduate borrowers and their student debt, the percentage of graduate student loan debt has been steadily increasing.

Today people take on a larger amount of debt for master’s, MBA, law, and medical programs than ever before. So what do borrowers need to know about the current state of graduate student loans? Here are some essentials:

The Increase in Graduate Borrowing

According to a 2018 report from the New America Foundation, debt for students who earned a range of master’s and professional degrees has surged in recent years. There isn’t one specific reason for this, of course, but one impetus for going back to school seems to be that some regard a master’s degree as the new bachelor’s degree.

It should come as no shock then that the average graduate student loan debt has skyrocketed. In the 2017 to 2018 school year, graduate school loan disbursements accounted for more than a third of the total federal loan program. In fact, more than $37 billion was disbursed to grad students that school year.

And for those pursuing professional degrees, including those studying law or medicine, the current average debt load was around $145,000 (for law) and around $196,000 per student in 2018. But the increase in graduate student debt isn’t necessarily due to a higher number of borrowers—it’s that students are borrowing more for graduate school.

And while people with graduate degrees tend to earn higher salaries and experience lower unemployment rates than their counterparts with undergraduate degrees, the earning potential for each type of degree can vary widely.

As with any investment, borrowers may want to consider their likely return on investment (in the form of future salary potential) when choosing how much debt to take on for higher education.

Grad Students Are Taking on More Debt than Undergrads

While undergrads have limits on how much they can borrow in federal loans, qualifying students pursuing graduate or professional degrees can use federal Grad PLUS loans to cover the entire cost of attendance (determined by the school), minus any other financial assistance received.

Students in professional degree programs have the “highest rates of annual borrowing, taking on an average of $40,624 from all sources for a single academic year.”

Graduate Loans Come with Higher Interest Rates

According to Sallie Mae’s report, “How America Pays for Graduate School,” 53% of graduate students borrow money to help cover graduate school costs. Graduate students have two options available to them through the federal Direct Loan program.

Graduate or professional Direct Unsubsidized loans have a 6.08% interest rate for the 2019-2020 school year. Direct PLUS loans currently available to graduate students through the federal government carry a 7.08% interest rate for the 2019-2020 school year. (There are also loan fees to factor in.)

Beyond this, some students may dip into higher-interest private loans. That’s compared with undergraduate federal loans, which are currently at 4.53% (until June 30, 2020).

The Cost of Going Back to School

Even with the staggering costs associated with graduate school, for some individuals it can be a beneficial step toward future success. Everyone’s situation is different, so whether or not you choose to pursue a graduate degree is a personal decision.

There are a number of different factors to sort through and evaluate as you determine if going back to school is worth the cost. Here are a few questions to help you navigate your decision making process.

Is the investment in this degree worth the cost?

One way to determine this is to calculate the financial return on education (ROE). An initial step might be to calculate the average lifetime earning potential for graduates in your chosen field of study.

If a graduate degree can lead to strong career growth, it can be well worth it. But that the market for graduate degrees can be inconsistent.

Programs can vary widely by cost, and schools have a lot of leeway to develop programs and price them with little oversight. So doing your due diligence on your school or schools of choice before going full steam ahead towards a graduate degree is probably wise.

Could the degree help your career path?

How will graduate school fit into your overall career goals? Sometimes it can further your current career. In other cases, a graduate degree can help you pivot into a related field.

There are a few ways to gather intel on this, such as talking to trusted friends and mentors in your desired field of study. Do they have any insight to share?

Another resource to check out is LinkedIn, where you can look at individual profiles of people who work for companies you admire. What was their career path?

While everyone’s journey is different, you may glean some valuable information about the type of experience and degrees those in positions you aspire to hold.

In some cases, a graduate degree will be required for a career in a certain field. Careers in medicine, law, and others may require some form of additional education.

Could a graduate degree improve overall life satisfaction?

If you’re interested in getting a graduate degree, you probably have some outcomes and goals in mind. Perhaps you want to improve your earning potential or get a promotion. Beyond financials, consider how an advanced degree might improve your overall happiness.

Much of what makes people happy at work is made up of intangibles—corporate culture, coworkers you enjoy, a boss you work well with and can learn from, work-life balance, and a sense of self-worth, which differs from person to person.

Will a degree move you toward a career that you’ll find more rewarding? These are all extremely personal factors that could influence your decision to pursue a graduate degree.

Financing Your Graduate Degree

If ultimately, you decide to go back to school to get a master’s or other professional degree, you’ll likely have to find a way to pay for it. Graduate degrees can be expensive—as we’ve shown above—here are a few ideas for financing your degree.

Looking for Scholarships and Grants

It may be worth searching for potential graduate school scholarships or grants available for grad students. Typically you can search by field, demographic, location, or even by school.

There are a variety of databases that aggregate scholarships online that can provide a starting point for your search. A good rule of thumb is to track your scholarship applications so you can streamline the process.

Keeping track of questions you’ve already answered so you can repurpose them for future applications may be helpful, since it could cut down the time it takes to apply. Tracking each application can help you easily keep tabs on where you’ve applied and who you’ve heard back from.

There are fewer scholarships available for graduate school than there are for undergrad degrees, covering just 15% of total grad school costs, according to Sallie Mae.

But since scholarships and grants don’t need to be repaid, even just a small sum can be helpful in making ends meet as you find a way to pay for grad school. Hey, $1,000 in scholarships is $1,000 less you’d need to borrow in loans.

Searching for Fellowships or Assistantships

Many schools offer fellowships or assistantships to graduate students. These are typically merit-based—things like a high GPA in college could help you qualify.

Graduate student assistantships are usually either research-based or teaching-based. The benefits may vary by school but could include help with tuition, a living stipend, or both. The assistantship typically requires students to work for 15 to 20 hours a week in their specified role.

Some schools also have graduate resident assistants. In this role, students generally work in an on-campus residence hall (often helping undergrads). In return, they might get free room and board or a stipend. Specifics will vary by school.

Fellowships are similar to assistantships but generally don’t require a set number of work hours on-campus.

Assistantship and fellowship opportunities vary by school and there are usually different application processes. You may want to review the websites of the schools you are planning on applying to for more information.

Taking Advantage of Employer Programs

Some employers offer education benefits to their employees. If available to you, this could be a valuable tool to help you pay for your graduate degree.

Tuition reimbursement programs will vary by lender, so you may want to check in with HR or the program administrator to get the details on the application process and how much you might qualify for.

Also, it may be worth finding out if there are any contingencies associated with the reimbursement. For example, some companies may require you to stay with the company for a certain period of time after graduation. Others may only provide assistance for select programs.

Borrowing Student Loans

When the above options aren’t enough, student loans can come into play. A good way to get started is to fill out the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA®). This is how you can apply for federal aid including work-study and federal student loans. Federal student loans are the most common source of funding for graduate students.

In the case that federal student loans aren’t enough, private loans may be an option. Private lenders will review personal information like your credit history and more in order to determine the terms and interest rates you may qualify for. Borrowers with a strong credit history (among other financial metrics that vary by lender) could qualify for competitive rates.

How Refinancing Can Help

Many borrowers are aware that they can refinance private student loans, but it may come as a surprise to many that they may also be able to refinance federal student loans with a private lender.

Even a small change in interest rate can make a big difference in the long run. Refinancing student loans at a lower rate may allow borrowers to save money on interest or free up some cash flow by extending their loan term to lower their monthly payments.

Since federal loan benefits (like forbearance, income-driven repayment plans, and loan forgiveness) don’t transfer to private lenders, borrowers would be wise to first check to see if they’re eligible for one of the government’s loan benefits (should they want to take advantage) before deciding to refinance.

But for borrowers who are looking for a potentially lower interest rate and have improved their financial situations since leaving school, refinancing can be a great option.

For many grad school borrowers, student loans can be a powerful investment in their career and financial future. But a big loan balance means big responsibility, making it important to balance the cost of an advanced degree program with its related earning potential.

If and when the time comes, refinancing can help borrowers knock out more of their loans and move on to bigger and better things.

Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .

External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

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SoFi Student Loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891. (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org). SoFi Student Loan Refinance Loans are private loans and do not have the same repayment options that the federal loan program offers, or may become available, such as Public Service Loan Forgiveness, Income-Based Repayment, Income-Contingent Repayment, PAYE or SAVE. Additional terms and conditions apply. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal.

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Even in the age of furnaces and smart thermostats, the fireplace is still a focal point of the home. It’s not necessarily keeping you toasty in the cold months, but it is serving as the visual frame of reference in a living space.

So when your fireplace is boarded up, or drably dated, remodeling it can breathe new life and warmth into the entire area.

Not only that, it could bring you some extra cash. An Angie’s List survey of real estate agents revealed that more than 68% believe that having a fireplace in the home increases its value.

So before you try to board it up or knock it down, explore trends and tips for how to remodel a fireplace.

Your fireplace might be housed in a brick wall, meaning you have not only the fire box to contend with, but an entire brick wall to reimagine. While exposed brick is on trend, it can also make a room feel dark or small.

Reimagining your brick wall and brick fireplace may seem daunting, but there are several ways to update the brick, or remodel over it for a fresh new look.

Before you commit to a remodeling plan for your fireplace, consider the following questions:

•   Do I mind if this is permanent? Some fireplace updates won’t be reversible, so you may want to sleep on it before you dive into something you’re not in love with.

•   Do I want wood, gas or both options? Some areas or individuals prefer gas over wood burning options. Wood burning can add to poor air quality in some cases.

•   How much do I want to spend on the project? Materials, installation, and time can be costly, and some updates are more affordable than others.

•   Are you updating the fireplace for potential sellers or yourself? Answering this question might give you a better idea of how much you want to spend, and which style might appeal to a future buyer.

Depending on what you have in mind for your hearth, options for updating may vary. Warm yourself up with these fresh takes on the fireplace.

Painting the Fireplace

Painting your fireplace is likely the most affordable way to give the room an update. Paint can cost anywhere between $30 to $100 per gallon , depending on where you live and what type and brand you go with.

1. Applying a coat of paint to the fireplace shouldn’t take more than an afternoon, but some professionals recommend you prep with these steps beforehand:

2. Brush the wall to clear off mortar or debris.

3. Vacuum the debris from the brick.

4. Clean and degrease the fireplace brick with a sponge.

5. Choose indoor, latex, heat resistant paint (200 degrees).

There are seemingly endless colors and types to choose from, but many designers recommend a neutral black, gray, or white.

A white or neutral tone can have a space-opening effect, making the room seem larger. Some colors will make the room look smaller, and might turn off potential buyers in the future. Flat, semigloss or gloss can be used.

Remodeling the Mantel

Adding a mantel or remodeling your existing one can change the entire look of a fireplace. Your mantel could include additional built-ins around the fireplace, or a simple minimalist board above the firebox.

Switching up your mantel is typically an easy remodel since it’s just a frame for the fireplace itself. The costs associated with it are likely tied to how ornate your plans are. Out-of-the-box mantel kits start around $180 , and can be assembled and installed in a day by a DIY novice.

If you have more ambitious plans for your mantel, it’ll likely cost you. Stone and marble mantels start at $3,000 , and a custom mantel costs a similar amount. The more complicated the design, the higher the price of creation and installation.

Mantel installation can be pricey, but in many cases it can also be reversed, making it an appealing option in the event that you decide to sell the home down the line.

Tiling Over the Existing Fireplace

If you’re looking to refinish your fireplace, tiling might be the right choice for you. Try a white subway tile for a sleek, modern finish, or a printed tile for a unique pop of color in your space.

The cost of remodeling your fireplace with tile will vary widely based on the size of your fireplace, as well as the cost of tile per square foot.

Tile installation averages around $1,500 for a project this size. However, depending on the condition of your fireplace, you might choose to consult with a brick mason in addition to a tiling professional.

A mason can let you know if its possible for the brick to be covered evenly. But, be warned—once you start tiling over your fireplace, you likely can’t reverse the process.

Covering Your Brick Fireplace with Stone

If you’re looking for a natural but updated treatment on your fireplace, stone might be the right fit. However, if your brick is already painted, it’s likely the mortar required to attach the stone won’t adhere. Consult with a masonry professional to see if your brick is porous enough to cover over.

If your fireplace is a good candidate for stone work, you’ll want to install a cement board over the existing brick as a template for the stone. The resurfacing process costs on average, $1,100 for labor , but depending on which stone you use, expenses can balloon.

•   Artificial stone veneer is the most common choice for most fireplace projects. Although it might look like real stone, it’s not as heavy as the real thing. Installation is similar to that of real stone, but on average, it costs less than real rock.

•   Natural stone veneer is the priciest and trickiest stone to install. It’s heavy, hard to come by, and expensive. Additionally, since it’s more difficult to work with than the alternatives, you may want to work closely with a professional.

•   Faux stone is affordable, lightweight, and has no actual stone. Instead of installing piece by piece, faux stone can be installed in larger panels. However, unlike artificial stone veneer, faux stone bears less resemblance to the real thing and is often hollow.

Drywalling Over the Fireplace

You might be done with brick entirely, and just want a white wall to work with. In that case, drywalling over most of the fireplace might be the solution for you.

With drywall, you can choose to cover all, or a portion of the brick wall and fireplace. You might choose to reveal some bricks, but minimize the overall look of exposed brick in the space.

To drywall around the fireplace, you’ll use two-by-fours and attach sheetrock to them. From there, you’ll paint and have a new wall.

But, be warned, this method can leave your room slightly smaller. Work with a contractor to get a better idea how room dimensions might change. Typically, installing drywall costs $1.50 per square foot, and jobs cost $1,711 on average .

Financing Your Fireplace without Burning up Your Budget

Depending on the route you choose to take, updating your fireplace could turn into a pricey venture.

Remodels can sometimes take longer and creep outside your budget. If you don’t have wiggle room in your savings, you might consider an installment loan with SoFi.

SoFi offers unsecured personal loans for loan amounts up to $100k, it won’t be a lien against your property and you could receive the funds you need in as little as 3 days. with low rates and no fees required, you can focus on your focal point for the fireplace of your dreams.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

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