Dec
12
2024
What is a Retail Investor? Definition, Pros, and Cons

Retail Investors: Definition, Pros, and Cons

By | Growing Wealth, invest, Investing | Comments Off on Retail Investors: Definition, Pros, and Cons

Generally, there are two primary types of investors: institutional and retail investors. Unless you work at an investment bank or big brokerage firm, you likely fall into the latter category. Institutional investors generally buy and sell securities on behalf of corporations, funds, organizations, or other high-net-worth individuals, whereas retail investors make investment decisions for themselves.

Here’s a closer look at what a retail investor is, and the pros and cons of investing on your own.

Key Points

•   Retail investors are non-professional individuals who invest money in their own accounts through brokerage firms.

•   Retail investors may manage their own accounts, or hire a professional to guide their investment decisions.

•   Retail investors typically make smaller transactions compared to institutional investors.

•   The SEC protects retail investors by enforcing securities laws and providing online education.

•   Retail investor activity may impact individual stocks and the market at large.

What Is a Retail Investor?

A retail investor is a non-professional, individual investor who invests money in their own accounts, typically through traditional or online brokerage firms. They may invest as an active investor, allocating the money and making trades on their own, or they may hire a professional, such as a financial planner or advisor, to oversee the investment decision-making process.

Retail trading typically involves relatively small transactions, perhaps in the hundreds or thousands of dollars. Institutional investors, such as hedge funds, might move millions of dollars with every trade. The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) protects retail investors by enforcing securities laws and providing online education for investors.

How Retail Investing Works

Retail investors start by opening a brokerage account with a broker for traditional or online investing. Online brokers may offer automated accounts, also known as robo advisors, that can help investors who prefer a hands-off approach to building a financial portfolio.

Investors transfer money into their brokerage account and then buy and sell securities, including a wide range of stocks, bonds, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), and mutual funds. Alternatively, they can have a financial professional buy and sell securities on their behalf.

Retail investors may choose to invest in various securities depending on their investment goals and risk tolerance. For example, an investor looking for long-term growth may decide to invest in stocks, while an investor looking for steady income may choose to invest in bonds. Retail investors may also diversify their portfolios by investing in a mix of securities, such as stocks, bonds, and alternative assets.

Investors may have to pay investment commissions and fees to make trades, especially when working with a professional. Because retail investors tend to make smaller trades, these fees may be relatively high. That said, many online brokerages have reduced or eliminated commissions for individuals making trades for certain securities like stocks or ETFs. Investors can minimize the impact of commissions or fees by avoiding frequent trades and holding investments over the long term.

Recommended: How to Invest in Stocks: A Beginner’s Guide

Overview of the U.S. Retail Investment Market

It is difficult to determine the exact size of the retail investment market in the U.S., as it is constantly changing and is influenced by various factors, such as economic and political events and market sentiment. Nonetheless, retail investors represent a significant portion of the American markets. By some estimates, there are millions and millions of retail investors, and American households own tens of trillions, or a majority of the U.S. equity market directly or through retirement accounts, mutual funds, and other investments.

The U.S. retail investment market has grown significantly in recent years, with many individual investors participating. This growth has been driven partly by the increasing availability of investment products and services and the increasing use of technology in the financial industry, making it easier for retail investors to access and trade securities.

What Impact Do Retail Investors Have on the Markets?

Retail investors can greatly impact individual stocks and the market at large. According to some experts, individuals are now having a greater impact on the market than they have for the last decade.

For example, retail investors took more interest in active trading during the pandemic in 2020, and flocked to online brokers, trading apps, and automated investing services. During this time, investors drove up the price of so-called “meme stocks” to thwart hedge funds attempting to make money shorting the stock. Such campaigns created volatility throughout the market.

Whether this enthusiasm will continue remains to be seen. But some believe the recent popularity points to a permanent structural change in which retail investors continue to play a significant role in market movements in the future.

Pros and Cons of Being a Retail Investor

Being a retail investor can give you access to many benefits, though there are a few drawbacks to be aware of as well. Here’s a look at some pros and cons of being a retail investor compared to an institutional investor.

Pros: Being a Retail Investor

Some of the potential pros of being a retail investor include:

•   Control: As a retail investor, you can make your own investment decisions and choose the securities you invest in. This can be a significant advantage for those who want to control their investment portfolio and actively participate in the investment process.

•   Diversification: Retail investors can diversify their portfolios by investing in various securities, such as stocks, bonds, and alternative investments. Diversification may help reduce risk by spreading investments across multiple assets rather than being heavily concentrated in just one or a few investments.

•   Accessibility: The retail investment market is generally more accessible to individual investors than the institutional investment market, which is typically only open to large organizations, businesses, and high-net-worth individuals.

Cons: Being a Retail Investor

However, being a retail investor also has some potential drawbacks, including:

•   Limited resources: Retail investors may have fewer resources and less access to information than larger institutional investors. This can make it more challenging for retail investors to compete with institutional investors in some cases.

•   Higher costs: Retail investors may also face higher costs than institutional investors, such as higher trading fees and other expenses. These higher costs can eat into investment returns and make it more difficult for retail investors to achieve their financial goals.

•   Lack of expertise: Some retail investors may have a different level of expertise or knowledge about investing than professional investors or financial advisors. This can make it more challenging for them to make informed investment decisions.

Retail vs Institutional Investors: What Are the Differences?

Retail and institutional investors are two types of investors who buy and sell securities for different purposes. Some key differences between retail and institutional investors include the following.

Retail Investors

 Institutional Investors
Size Invest a relatively small amount of money Generally have significantly more capital and resources at their disposal
Investment goals May have various investment goals, such as saving for retirement, generating income, or growing their wealth over the long term May have more specific investment goals, such as maximizing returns or minimizing risk for clients or a particular group of investors
Investment strategies May focus on individual stocks and bonds, or use mutual funds and ETFs to diversify their portfolio May use more complex investment strategies, like quant trading and various derivatives
Access to information Relies on publicly available information or seeks guidance from financial advisors or other professionals Generally have access to more information and research, such as proprietary data and contacts within companies and governments
Costs Higher trading fees and other investment costs Lower trading fees and other investment costs

The Takeaway

If you’re an individual saving for the future with investments, you’re a retail investor. While there are some disadvantages to being a retail investor compared to an institutional investor, there are also many benefits, and it’s a good way to build financial security over time.

Invest in what matters most to you with SoFi Active Invest. In a self-directed account provided by SoFi Securities, you can trade stocks, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), mutual funds, alternative funds, options, and more — all while paying $0 commission on every trade. Other fees may apply. Whether you want to trade after-hours or manage your portfolio using real-time stock insights and analyst ratings, you can invest your way in SoFi's easy-to-use mobile app.

Opening and funding an Active Invest account gives you the opportunity to get up to $1,000 in the stock of your choice.¹

FAQ

Who is an individual retail investor?

A retail investor is an individual investor who buys and sells securities for their personal account rather than for a client, organization, or business. Retail investors may include individuals who invest in stocks, bonds, mutual funds, ETFs, and other securities through a brokerage account or other financial institution.

How do retail investors invest?

Retail investors invest in various securities and other financial instruments through a brokerage account or other financial institution. Some common ways retail investors invest include stocks, bonds, mutual funds, ETFs, and alternative investments.

How do I become a retail investor?

To become a retail investor, you’ll need to open a brokerage account with a financial institution, such as a bank or an online broker.

INVESTMENTS ARE NOT FDIC INSURED • ARE NOT BANK GUARANTEED • MAY LOSE VALUE

SoFi Invest is a trade name used by SoFi Wealth LLC and SoFi Securities LLC offering investment products and services. Robo investing and advisory services are provided by SoFi Wealth LLC, an SEC-registered investment adviser. Brokerage and self-directed investing products offered through SoFi Securities LLC, Member FINRA/SIPC.

For disclosures on SoFi Invest platforms visit SoFi.com/legal. For a full listing of the fees associated with Sofi Invest please view our fee schedule.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs): Investors should carefully consider the information contained in the prospectus, which contains the Fund’s investment objectives, risks, charges, expenses, and other relevant information. You may obtain a prospectus from the Fund company’s website or by emailing customer service at [email protected]. Please read the prospectus carefully prior to investing.


¹Probability of Member receiving $1,000 is a probability of 0.026%; If you don’t make a selection in 45 days, you’ll no longer qualify for the promo. Customer must fund their account with a minimum of $50.00 to qualify. Probability percentage is subject to decrease. See full terms and conditions.

SOIN-Q424-026

Read more
Dec
12
2024

Guide to Taxes and Mutual Funds

By | Growing Wealth, invest, Investing | Comments Off on Guide to Taxes and Mutual Funds

Mutual fund investors pay taxes on the income or capital gains they see from their investments. But the specific tax treatment of mutual fund investments depends on several variables, which can breed confusion. For a long time, mutual funds have been a popular investment vehicle for millions of investors, largely because they offer an easy way to purchase no-fuss, diversified assets with relative ease. This out-of-the-box diversification and risk mitigation is something that individual stocks can’t match.

Read on to learn how taxes on mutual funds work, what investors should expect or anticipate when dealing with mutual funds and the IRS, and some strategies for tax-efficient investing.

Key Points

•   Mutual fund investors must pay taxes on income or capital gains distributed by the fund, including dividends, interest, and realized capital gains.

•   The tax treatment of mutual fund investments varies depending on the type of fund and the income or capital gains it generates.

•   Shareholders may owe taxes on mutual fund holdings even without selling shares, due to realized gains from distributions.

•   The amount of tax paid depends on the type of fund, income or capital gains, and the investor’s tax situation.

•   Strategies to minimize taxes include investing in tax-efficient funds, using tax-deferred accounts, and employing a buy-and-hold strategy to avoid short-term capital gains taxes.

Quick Mutual Fund Overview

A mutual fund is a pooled investment vehicle that allows individuals to invest in a professionally managed portfolio of stocks, bonds, and other securities. Mutual funds are managed by professional portfolio managers who use the pooled capital to buy and sell securities according to the fund’s stated investment objective. When investors buy into a mutual fund while online investing, they’re purchasing a spectrum of assets all at once.

Mutual funds can be actively managed, where the portfolio manager actively buys and sells securities in the fund, or passively managed, where the fund tracks an index. Mutual funds are a popular way for individuals to diversify their portfolios and access professional investment management.

Recommended: How to Buy Mutual Funds Online

Do You Pay Taxes on Mutual Funds?

Mutual fund investors generally need to pay taxes on any income or capital gains the mutual fund distributes, including dividends, interest, and realized capital gains from the sale of securities within the fund.

It’s worth noting that mutual funds can be structured in different ways, and the tax treatment of mutual fund investments can vary depending on the specific type of mutual fund. For example, some mutual funds are classified as tax-exempt or tax-deferred, which means that they are not subject to certain taxes or that taxes on the income or gains from the fund are deferred until later.

When a mutual fund distributes income or capital gains to its investors, it must provide them with a Form 1099-DIV, which reports the distribution amount and any associated taxes. Investors are then responsible for reporting this income on their tax returns and paying any taxes that are due.

How Are Mutual Funds Taxed?

Mutual funds are taxed based on the income and capital gains they generate and distribute to their investors. This income and capital gains can come from various sources, such as dividends on stocks held by the fund, interest on bonds held by the fund, and profits from the sale of securities within the fund.

The tax treatment of mutual fund investments can vary depending on the type of fund and the type of income or capital gains it generates. Here are some general rules to keep in mind:

Paying Tax on “Realized Gains” from a Mutual Fund

It may come as a surprise that shareholders may owe taxes on their mutual fund holdings even if they don’t sell shares of the fund. That’s because shareholders still generate income from those holdings, which are often called “realized” gains.

Mutual funds are often actively managed, meaning that a portfolio manager regularly makes decisions about what the fund contains by buying and selling investments — a process that can net profits. Those profits, or gains, are then passed back to shareholders as distributions (or as dividends) or reinvested in the fund.

When shareholders are awarded distributions from funds, they see a “realized” gain from their investment. For that reason, shareholders may end up owing tax on investments that they have not sold or may have lost value over the year.

Paying Capital Gains on Mutual Funds

Most investors likely know that when they sell shares of a mutual fund, they’ll need to pay taxes on the earnings. Specifically, they’ll pay capital gains tax on the profit from selling an investment. The capital gains tax rate will vary depending on how long an investor holds the investment (short-term versus long-term).

Because funds contain investments that may be sold during the year, thereby netting capital gains, investors may be responsible for capital gains taxes on their mutual fund distributions. As each fund is different, so are the taxes associated with their distributions. So reading through the fund’s prospectus and any other available documentation can help investors figure out what, if anything, they owe.

How Much Tax Do You Pay on Mutual Funds?

The amount of tax you may need to pay on mutual fund investments depends on the type of fund, the type of income or capital gains the fund generates, and your individual tax situation.

Here are some general rules to keep in mind:

•   Dividends: Dividends paid by mutual funds are taxed at different rates, depending on whether the payouts are ordinary or qualified dividends. Qualified dividends are taxed at a lower rate than ordinary dividends; they’re taxed at the long-term capital gains rate, which ranges from 0% to 20%. In contrast, ordinary dividends are taxed at an investor’s ordinary income tax rate.

•   Interest: The tax on the interest income from mutual funds depends on whether the payout comes from tax-exempt bonds, federal debt, or regular fixed-income securities. Depending on the type of asset, the interest may be taxed at ordinary income tax rates or exempt from certain taxes.

•   Capital gains: When a mutual fund sells securities for a profit, it may realize a capital gain, which is subject to tax. The tax rate on capital gains depends on how long the securities were held and your tax bracket. Short-term capital gains (on securities held for one year or less) are taxed at the same rate as ordinary income. In comparison, long-term capital gains (on securities held for more than one year) are generally taxed at the lower capital gains tax rate.

How to Minimize Taxes on Mutual Funds

Here are a handful of ways to potentially lower taxable income associated with mutual funds:

Know the Details Before You Invest

Do your homework! The holdings in each fund and how they’re managed will ultimately play a significant role in the tax liabilities associated with each fund. Before investing in a specific mutual fund, it’s worth digging through the prospectus and other documents to understand what to expect.

For example, an investor can typically find out ahead of time if a mutual fund makes capital gains distributions or how often a fund pays out dividends. Those types of income-generating events will need to be declared to the IRS come tax time.

Some investors may look for tax-efficient funds specifically designed to help mutual fund investors avoid taxes.

Use a Tax-deferred Account

Some brokerage or investment accounts — including retirement accounts like IRAs and 401(k) plans — are tax-deferred. That means they grow tax-free until the money they contain is withdrawn. In the short term, using these types of accounts to invest in mutual funds can help investors avoid any immediate tax liabilities that those mutual funds impose.

Recommended: Are Mutual Funds Good for Retirement?

Hang Onto Your Funds to Try and Avoid Short-term Capital Gains

If the goal is to minimize an investor’s tax liability, avoiding short-term capital gains tax is important. That’s because short-term capital gains taxes are steeper than the long-term variety. An easy way to ensure that an investor is rarely or never on the hook for those short-term rates is to subscribe to a buy-and-hold investment strategy.

This can be applied as an overall investing strategy in addition to one tailor-made for avoiding additional tax liabilities on mutual fund holdings.

Talk to a Financial Professional

Of course, not every investor has the same resources, including time, available to them. That’s why some investors may choose to consult a financial advisor specializing in these services. They usually charge a fee, but some may offer free consultations. For some investors, the cost savings associated with solid financial advice can outweigh the initial costs of securing that advice.

How Do You Report Mutual Funds on Your Taxes?

If you own mutual funds, you will generally need to report any income or capital gains you receive from the fund on your tax return.

Mutual funds are required to provide their investors with a Form 1099-DIV, which reports the amount of any dividends, interest, and capital gains distributions the fund paid out during the year. Make sure to keep this form for your records and use it to help complete your tax return.

You will then need to report any dividends, interest, and capital gains distributions you received from your mutual fund on your tax return, specifically on IRS Form 1040 or Schedule D (Form 1040).

The Takeaway

Mutual fund taxes are generally unavoidable, but with a little planning, you may be able to minimize the amount you get taxed. Employing some of the above strategies can help you minimize your mutual taxes. For example, those investing for long-term financial goals, like retirement, can use tax-deferred accounts as their primary investing vehicles. And by using those accounts to invest in mutual funds and other assets, they can help offset their short-term tax liabilities.

Invest in what matters most to you with SoFi Active Invest. In a self-directed account provided by SoFi Securities, you can trade stocks, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), mutual funds, alternative funds, options, and more — all while paying $0 commission on every trade. Other fees may apply. Whether you want to trade after-hours or manage your portfolio using real-time stock insights and analyst ratings, you can invest your way in SoFi's easy-to-use mobile app.

Opening and funding an Active Invest account gives you the opportunity to get up to $1,000 in the stock of your choice.¹

FAQ

Do you pay taxes when you sell mutual funds?

Yes, you may be required to pay taxes when you sell mutual funds. The specific taxes you may be required to pay will depend on several factors, including the type of mutual funds you are selling, how long you have held the funds, and the type of gains you have earned from the sale.

Are mutual funds taxed twice?

Mutual funds are not taxed twice. However, some investors may mistakenly pay taxes twice on some distributions. For example, if a mutual fund reinvests dividends into the fund, an investor still needs to pay taxes on those dividends. Later, when the investor sells shares of the mutual fund for a gain, they’ll have to pay capital gains taxes on those earnings.

INVESTMENTS ARE NOT FDIC INSURED • ARE NOT BANK GUARANTEED • MAY LOSE VALUE

SoFi Invest is a trade name used by SoFi Wealth LLC and SoFi Securities LLC offering investment products and services. Robo investing and advisory services are provided by SoFi Wealth LLC, an SEC-registered investment adviser. Brokerage and self-directed investing products offered through SoFi Securities LLC, Member FINRA/SIPC.

For disclosures on SoFi Invest platforms visit SoFi.com/legal. For a full listing of the fees associated with Sofi Invest please view our fee schedule.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.


¹Probability of Member receiving $1,000 is a probability of 0.026%; If you don’t make a selection in 45 days, you’ll no longer qualify for the promo. Customer must fund their account with a minimum of $50.00 to qualify. Probability percentage is subject to decrease. See full terms and conditions.

SOIN-Q424-019

Read more
Dec
12
2024

Delayed vs Real-Time Stock Quotes

By | Growing Wealth, invest, Investing | Comments Off on Delayed vs Real-Time Stock Quotes

Stock quotes, which may be seen on financial news networks or websites, are typically reported in real time, or with a delay. The main difference between the two is that real-time quotes are the most up-to-date, while delayed quotes lag behind real-time quotes by several minutes, in most cases.

For the average investor who isn’t making changes to their portfolio, real-time quotes may be more precise than they need. For those investors, delayed stock quotes may suffice. Here’s what you need to know about the difference between real-time stock quotes and delayed quotes.

Key Points

•   Real-time stock quotes provide immediate price information, reflecting current market conditions.

•   Delayed stock quotes are typically behind by up to 20 minutes.

•   Active traders benefit from real-time quotes for precise, up-to-the-minute data.

•   Long-term investors may find delayed quotes sufficient, as they do not focus on minute-by-minute changes.

•   Real-time data can be costly, prompting some providers to offer delayed quotes to conserve resources.

What Are Real-Time Stock Quotes?

Real-time stock quotes relay price information for various securities in real-time, or instantaneously. In other words, a real-time stock quote is the actual and immediate stock price at any given point in time. The quotes reflect demand for a stock or assets on stock markets around the world.

How Real-Time Quotes Work

Stock quotes include ticker symbols that denote the stock of a specific company or firm, and the price of a stock’s current (real-time) valuation. Those values are determined by trading activity — supply and demand, in other words. Those values also fluctuate during the trading day.

The letters and numbers comprising a quote — either real-time or delayed — reflect different types of investments or commodities and their prices — the price at which they’re currently trading. Typically the ticker symbol is similar in some way to the company name, and you can use it to look up the stock price.

For example, the ticker AAPL is Apple; XOM is the ticker for ExxonMobil; JNJ is the ticker for Johnson & Johnson; UDMY is Udemy; LULU is Lululemon.

Those symbols, when displayed on a ticker tape, are generally followed by or attached to their current trading price.

Real-time quotes are provided by many sources, including financial news networks and websites. Many online investing brokerages also offer their clients access to them as well. Real-time stock quotes provide traders and active investors with more accurate information.

What Are Delayed Quotes?

Delayed stock quotes are valuations of securities that are not in real-time — they’re delayed, as the name indicates. Depending on the source of the quote, the information relating to stock or share prices can be delayed by several minutes, or even up to 20 minutes.

For instance, it’s not unusual that you might login to your investment brokerage and see delayed stock quotes relaying information about the value of your current investments. There will likely be a note telling you how delayed the data is (15 minutes, for example), so that you know the pricing isn’t in real-time.

Most people should be able to tell if a quote is delayed, too, if the price remains static for minutes at a time. Real-time quotes, on the other hand, can fluctuate second-by-second, depending on the security and the source.

For investors engaged in day trading, delayed quotes wouldn’t be sufficient; these investors require up-to-the-minute (or to the second) price quotes in order to execute their strategies. But for the majority of buy-and-hold investors, knowing the very latest price of a security may not matter to their long-term plans.

How Delayed Quotes Work

Delayed stock quotes work the same way that real-time quotes do, in that they reflect current market conditions and data relating to security values. But the reporting is delayed for a variety of reasons.

The most common reason that you may come across a site or information source with delayed stock quotes is that fetching and reporting real-time quotes is costly and resource-consuming. As such, companies may opt to report delayed quotes instead.

Real-Time vs Delayed Stock Quotes

Real-time streaming stock quotes change second to second, and can showcase the volatility of stock prices. When stock exchanges are open, trading is constant, and the dynamics of supply and demand for specific stocks change their prices rapidly. So, watching real-time streaming stock quotes means seeing those price fluctuations occur in real time, as the name implies. That can have implications for how traders and investors make decisions.

That can have implications for how traders and investors make decisions when online investing.

Using real-time stock quotes can be useful for active traders or investors, or high-frequency traders — professionals who are making numerous stock trades every day or week and may be managing other people’s portfolios, too. For these traders, knowing stock prices down to the minute helps inform their decision to buy or sell. That real-time price, ultimately, determines their stock trading profit (or loss).

There’s also after-hours trading to keep in mind, too. Stock markets have trading hours — the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) and NASDAQ are open between 9:30 am and 4 pm, for example. At other times, investors may still be able to swap securities, but prices are much more volatile after-hours, and because it’s difficult to get real-time quotes after-hours, values can change dramatically before stock markets reopen.

Investors can also execute a market-on-open trade, during which a transaction completes as soon as the markets do open.

While security prices do fluctuate, they generally don’t fluctuate all that much over a relatively short interval (15 minutes, for example). And since the average investor may not be all that interested in minute-by-minute price fluctuations, using a delayed stock quote could provide all the information they need.

Think about it this way: If an investor were looking to rebalance their portfolio — something they may only do two or three times per year — a real-time stock quote isn’t going to give them much more actionable information than a delayed stock quote to help them make an informed decision.

Delayed stock quotes also don’t relay the second-by-second volatility of the market, which can be hard for some investors to digest.

Why Do Stock Quotes Get Delayed?

As mentioned, delayed stock quotes are lagging because they require resources to gather and report. The information is out there, and is collected by firms that supply quotes and pricing information to other companies. Depending on the individual security and the source of the information, a delay is likely the result of a company opting to supply delayed quotes rather than real-time quotes to consumers in order to save on costs.

As such, a small percentage of quote-providers offer consumers real-time market information — and often only to those who pay for it. That’s not to say that real-time data isn’t available for free, but the gathering and reporting can be costly, which is why some providers use delayed quotes.

How Real-Time Quotes Affect Your Investment Strategy

One big question investors may have: How do these two different types of stock quotes actually affect someone’s investment strategy? That depends largely on whether you’re into active investing, and how often they’re swapping positions in their portfolio.

Real-time stock quotes are mainly used by day traders, or active investors who are executing trades on a daily or hourly basis. In those cases, the relatively small fluctuations in price due to market volatility, which occurs in real time, can determine whether a trade is profitable or not.

Real-time stock quotes are mainly used by day traders, or active investors who are executing trades on a daily or hourly basis.

For example, if a trader was trying to time a trade to execute at a specific price, a delayed quote might be useless. The time lag could cause them to miss their window, and bobble the trade.

How Delayed Quotes Affect Your Investment Strategy

As noted, if investors are only rebalancing their portfolios every so often, real-time quotes won’t matter all that much to their investing strategies. They aren’t trying to turn a profit from day-trading, in other words, and are taking a longer-term approach to their investing.

As such, for long- or medium-term investors who may only occasionally buy or sell securities, delayed quotes will do the trick. If you’re not checking on your portfolio every day and are only considering asset allocation every few months, there isn’t much of an advantage to looking at real time quotes over delayed ones.

Real-time quotes do provide more information than delayed quotes, though, in that they’re more precise. That can help you if you’re weighing decisions regarding either short-term vs long-term investments.

Deciding Which Stock Quote is Right for You

Most investors may not give much thought to real-time versus delayed stock quotes, unless they are active traders, as discussed. Whether or not you need up-to-the-minute quotes really depends on whether you’re doing a lot of trading, and doing that trading within tight time frames in which seconds or minutes matter. So, real-time quotes can give you more insight as to when it’s time to buy, sell, or hold.

Accordingly, if you’re more of a passive investor, you can probably stick to delayed stock quotes to get a broader idea of a security’s value.

The Takeaway

Real-time stock prices are updated to the second; delayed stock prices might be updated every 15 minutes, every hour, or every day, depending on the provider and the security involved.

For investors who aren’t looking to profit from small price fluctuations, it won’t make much of a difference if the quotes they’re using are delayed or not. That said, it’s never a bad idea to use real-time trading data, if an investor has access to it.

Invest in what matters most to you with SoFi Active Invest. In a self-directed account provided by SoFi Securities, you can trade stocks, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), mutual funds, alternative funds, options, and more — all while paying $0 commission on every trade. Other fees may apply. Whether you want to trade after-hours or manage your portfolio using real-time stock insights and analyst ratings, you can invest your way in SoFi's easy-to-use mobile app.

Opening and funding an Active Invest account gives you the opportunity to get up to $1,000 in the stock of your choice.¹

FAQ

What is a delayed stock quote?

A delayed stock quote is a quote that does not relay real-time value information regarding stock or security values. Instead, the information is delayed by around 15 or 20 minutes, in many cases.

What are real-time stock quotes?

Real-time stock quotes reflect the current market value of a security in real time — meaning up-to-the-minute, or second. Real-time quotes fluctuate constantly based on supply and demand for a security on the market.

Are real-time quotes better than delayed quotes?

Real-time quotes aren’t necessarily better than delayed quotes, but they do reflect more current information which can be better for active investors or day traders.

INVESTMENTS ARE NOT FDIC INSURED • ARE NOT BANK GUARANTEED • MAY LOSE VALUE

SoFi Invest is a trade name used by SoFi Wealth LLC and SoFi Securities LLC offering investment products and services. Robo investing and advisory services are provided by SoFi Wealth LLC, an SEC-registered investment adviser. Brokerage and self-directed investing products offered through SoFi Securities LLC, Member FINRA/SIPC.

For disclosures on SoFi Invest platforms visit SoFi.com/legal. For a full listing of the fees associated with Sofi Invest please view our fee schedule.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.


¹Probability of Member receiving $1,000 is a probability of 0.026%; If you don’t make a selection in 45 days, you’ll no longer qualify for the promo. Customer must fund their account with a minimum of $50.00 to qualify. Probability percentage is subject to decrease. See full terms and conditions.

SOIN-Q424-037

Read more
Dec
10
2024

Swing Trading: What It Is and How It Works

By | Growing Wealth, invest, Investing | Comments Off on Swing Trading: What It Is and How It Works

Swing trading is a form of investing in the stock market where investors look to maximize short-term gains by using technical analysis to identify a stock’s short or medium-term direction. Swing trading shares some similarities to day trading, but there are key differences as well.

Swing traders may also sometimes incorporate fundamental analysis of the stock itself as part of their trading strategy. And swing traders will usually hold their positions longer than day traders, who usually look to liquidate their positions within the same trading day. It is common in swing trading to hold positions for a few days to a few weeks.

Key Points

•   Swing trading uses technical and fundamental analysis for short-term stock movements.

•   Positions tend to last several days to weeks, unlike day trading.

•   While longer holding periods may offer the potential to see higher returns over time, they could also leave the door open for stocks to move in an adverse direction.

•   It also may involve overnight market risks due to longer holding periods.

•   Swing trading also involves less time commitment than day trading, but like day trading, still involves market volatility.

What Is Swing Trading?

Swing trading is a way to invest in the stock market using both technical analysis as well as fundamental analysis of individual stocks. A swing trader will look both at how a stock’s price has moved recently as well as the underlying business of the company whose stock it is. Using both, a swing trader will determine what stock to trade, and when.

Swing trading may involve holding a position for several days to weeks. Unlike day trading, where an investor usually looks to buy and sell multiple times within one trading day, swing traders have a slightly longer time horizon.

Get up to $1,000 in stock when you fund a new Active Invest account.*

Access stock trading, options, alternative investments, IRAs, and more. Get started in just a few minutes.

*Customer must fund their Active Invest account with at least $50 within 45 days of opening the account. Probability of customer receiving $1,000 is 0.026%. See full terms and conditions.

How Swing Trading Works

If you’re looking to start swing trading, you’ll want to first do some fundamental analysis of different companies, and find one where you have a bullish (or bearish) outlook. You might look at stochastic indicators, moving averages, or just wait for a down day in the market for a buy signal.

Example of Swing Trading

Here’s one look at an example of swing trading.

Suppose that a stock with ticker symbol XYZ has regularly oscillated in price between 40 and 50 over the course of the past few months. If you are generally bullish on XYZ, when the price drops back down to 40, that might be an indicator to buy. Then you can put a stop loss order near the resistance level of 50.

Benefits and Risks of Swing Trading

As with any trading or investment strategy, there are benefits and risks.

Benefits

•   Incorporates both technical and fundamental analysis in determining your investing.
Less of a daily time commitment may be required to monitor stock movements and trade as compared to

•   day trading.

•   Potential for higher returns on any given trade.

Risks

•   Compared to day trading, holding a trade for a longer period of time exposes you to overnight market risk

•   Actively trading stocks can subject you to volatile swings in the market

•   When focusing on short-term swings, you may miss out on larger market trends

Swing Trading Comparisons

Swing trading is also similar – but different – from different types of trading, such as day trading, scalping, and trend trading.

Day Trading vs Swing Trading

Day trading and swing trading share many similarities, but there are some key differences that you’ll want to be aware of. Both day trading and swing trading look for commodities that have high liquidity and high volatility.

The main difference between day trading and swing trading is the length of time that you hold any one investment. Day traders usually look to close their positions before the end of a trading day, while swing traders might hold positions for several days or weeks.

Scalping vs Swing Trading

One particular day trading strategy is scalp trading. In scalp trading, traders look to make many small trades throughout the day.

With each trade, the trader would look at the risk to reward ratio with the goal of being profitable on at least 50% of trades. Again, there are a lot of similarities between swing trading and scalping, but one big difference is that swing traders usually hold on to their position for several days or weeks.

Trend Trading vs Swing Trading

Trend trading is another way to invest in the stock market – you can review stock market basics to get a better idea of how the two may differ. But for now, trend traders look for overarching market trends, and tend to have a longer-term focus than swing traders. A good rule of thumb is that trend traders trade less often and hold their positions longer, while swing traders trade more frequently and hold their positions for a shorter period of time.

Swing Trading Tactics

If you’re interested in swing trading, there are several different swing trading strategies you can take advantage of. One popular way to swing trade is by trading stocks within the channel between a stock’s support price and resistance price, based on its historical movement. You can also use the MACD (Moving Average Convergence / Divergence) indicator as another way to find opportunities for swing trading.

The Takeaway

Swing trading is similar to day trading, in that you trade stocks based on technical indicators and hold your investments for a short period of time. Unlike day trading, swing traders will often hold their investments for longer than a day, and many swing traders will also use fundamental analysis in addition to looking at a stock’s chart information.

Invest in what matters most to you with SoFi Active Invest. In a self-directed account provided by SoFi Securities, you can trade stocks, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), mutual funds, alternative funds, options, and more — all while paying $0 commission on every trade. Other fees may apply. Whether you want to trade after-hours or manage your portfolio using real-time stock insights and analyst ratings, you can invest your way in SoFi's easy-to-use mobile app.

Opening and funding an Active Invest account gives you the opportunity to get up to $1,000 in the stock of your choice.¹

FAQ

Is swing trading good for beginners?

Swing trading is considered more of an advanced concept, so beginners may want to take caution before trying swing trading. One option to consider would be doing “paper trading.” This is where you make simulated trades on paper without risking actual money. This may give you an idea of the risks, rewards, and volatility of swing trading.

Can you get rich swing trading?

It’s possible to get rich through swing trading, but the odds are against you. If you have the skill to identify good trading opportunities, the capital to back it up, and the stomach to handle volatile swings up and down, you can potentially make money with swing trading. If that combination doesn’t sound like you, you might want to consider other forms of investing.

How are swing traders taxed?

Unless you hold your investments for longer than one year, swing trading is taxed as ordinary income. So any net income from swing trading is taxed depending on your ordinary income tax rate, which goes from 10% to as high as 37%. You’ll want to make sure that you account for the taxes you’ll need to pay when you’re deciding if swing trading is right for you.

Photo credit: iStock/izusek

INVESTMENTS ARE NOT FDIC INSURED • ARE NOT BANK GUARANTEED • MAY LOSE VALUE

SoFi Invest is a trade name used by SoFi Wealth LLC and SoFi Securities LLC offering investment products and services. Robo investing and advisory services are provided by SoFi Wealth LLC, an SEC-registered investment adviser. Brokerage and self-directed investing products offered through SoFi Securities LLC, Member FINRA/SIPC.

For disclosures on SoFi Invest platforms visit SoFi.com/legal. For a full listing of the fees associated with Sofi Invest please view our fee schedule.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.


¹Probability of Member receiving $1,000 is a probability of 0.026%; If you don’t make a selection in 45 days, you’ll no longer qualify for the promo. Customer must fund their account with a minimum of $50.00 to qualify. Probability percentage is subject to decrease. See full terms and conditions.

SOIN0422025

Read more
Dec
10
2024

What Does DD Mean in Stocks?

By | Growing Wealth, invest, Investing, Terminology | Comments Off on What Does DD Mean in Stocks?

DD is a term in stock investing that stands for “due diligence.” It’s the process of researching and evaluating stocks before deciding to buy or sell. Due diligence gives investors a comprehensive understanding of a stock so they can make an informed decision about a trade. Although due diligence is not required, it is highly recommended.

Key Points

•   “DD” means “due diligence,” which is to conduct thorough research on a company’s fundamentals, including market cap, revenue, profit, and industry position, to make informed investment decisions.

•   Due diligence means to analyze financial statements to understand a company’s financial health, profitability, and stability, identifying potential risks and opportunities.

•   Due diligence includes following company news to stay updated on developments, management decisions, and industry trends, aiding in risk assessment and decision-making.

•   Investors conducting due diligence may use analyst reports for insights into complex financial data and market trends, enhancing understanding and investment decisions.

•   It can also include evaluating management and ownership to assess leadership stability and commitment, crucial for long-term investment success.

DD Stock Meaning

Due diligence includes looking at a company’s financial records, comparing it to competitors, considering broader market conditions, and may include factoring in ESG metrics and more. Both quantitative and qualitative analysis is used to evaluate stocks.

Most of the information used for due diligence can be found on company websites, quarterly and annual reports, financial statements, and even on stock brokerage sites and trading apps.

To “DD” a stock means to do research and analysis on the company’s fundamentals before deciding whether to buy stocks. Due diligence can be carried out by individuals, companies, and institutional investors. If an investor buys a stock without doing any research into it, they put themselves at much greater risk of losses.

The process of due diligence has been around for ages, but the term DD has become particularly popular since the rise of meme stocks and trading lingo conceived in forums like the WallStreetBets subreddit.

Even if someone on social media or a professional trader is hyping up a stock and showing their huge profits, that doesn’t mean it’s a good idea to listen to their advice. As such, it may be a good idea to review stock market basics to get a sense of whether the hype is justified.

Some traders have put their entire life savings into trades without doing DD, just based on someone’s advice, and lost money as a result. Hence the term DD stock became commonly used – though it’s important to remember that losses can occur even when due diligence is done.

Get up to $1,000 in stock when you fund a new Active Invest account.*

Access stock trading, options, alternative investments, IRAs, and more. Get started in just a few minutes.

*Customer must fund their Active Invest account with at least $50 within 45 days of opening the account. Probability of customer receiving $1,000 is 0.026%. See full terms and conditions.

Items to Review When Conducting Due Diligence

There are many different measures used to evaluate stocks, and it’s up to each investor to decide how in-depth they want to go in their analysis. Every investor has different goals and risk tolerance, so it’s important to find the stocks that fit one’s particular criteria. For instance, one investor might be looking for stable, relatively low-risk, long-term growth while another might want to go for the potentially highest returns with a higher degree of risk.

Some of the most common items to review when conducting due diligence are:

Market Cap

One of the key factors to look at for due diligence is a company’s market cap. This is the total market value of the company’s shares. It’s also useful to look at how a company’s market cap has changed over time and consider how it might change in the future. For instance, an investor can look at stock price movements, ownership makeup of the company, and the market caps of competitors.

Researching market cap may indicate, for an investor, how volatile a stock might be, how many shareholders might own stock, and how big the end market is.

Large-cap and mega-cap companies tend to have more stable revenue streams and market caps since they are serving larger and broader markets, while mid-cap and small-cap companies may come with more risk and have the potential to see higher returns since they may only be serving a small segment of the market.

Revenue, Profit, and Margin Trends

Analyzing stock trends involves looking at the movement of metrics over time. These metrics include profits, revenue expenditures, profit margin trends, and return on equity. Trends can be monitored over weeks, months, and years.

A good way to start is to find the revenue and net income trends for the past two years, and looking at profit and loss statements. Those can be found on financial news sites and some trading apps that allow investors to search for stocks by name or ticker symbol. These documents may also help you get a sense of which way a stock’s profit margin is trending, if at all.

Investors can see whether trends are consistent or choppy, and if there are major price swings one way or the other. One can also see whether profits are rising, falling, or remaining about the same over time.

Competition

Due diligence also involves looking at a company’s competitors to understand whether the company one is considering investing in is performing better or worse. Competitors are companies in the same industry that are around the same size. In addition to competitors, investors can look at how the industry is performing compared to the overall market, and consider whether any external factors might affect industry performance in the near or long-term future.

Valuation Multiples

Other things to look at in the due diligence process are a company’s price-to-earnings (P/E) ratio, price-to-sales (P/S) ratio, price/earnings-to-growth (PEG) ratio, and overall valuation. Investors can compare the ratios of the company they are researching with those of its competitors.

This step helps figure out whether a company is a value stock or a growth stock, and gain an understanding of its profitability.

Management

The makeup and performance of a company’s management can have a huge effect on its performance. Investors can look at who is on the board of directors, whether the founders are still involved in the company, how long the company has been around, what proportion of shares are owned by managers, and whether major shareholders have been selling off shares.

If the founders and managers don’t own a lot of stock, or are selling it off at high rates, that may be a red flag.

Balance Sheet

A company’s balance sheet shows all of its assets, liabilities, and expenditures. Investors can look at how much debt a company has as well as its available cash balance.

Stock History

Another key part of due diligence is to look at how a stock has changed over time, including its price, liquidity, and dilution. Both short and long-term stock history may provide valuable insights.

Professional Reports

Professional analysts write reports about individual companies, industries, and the overall market. These can provide information that regular or inexperienced investors wouldn’t know.

Expectations and Risks

This step of due diligence involves looking at long-term profit estimates and industry trends. Investors can also look into joint development plans, intellectual property, and roadmaps to try and understand where a company is headed.

It’s critical for investors to also look at the industry and company risks involved with purchasing a stock. These include legal matters, global events, ESG factors, and more.

Ten Steps of Due Diligence

Below are ten steps investors may take when doing due diligence. Each step adds new information that builds upon the previous steps. By the end of the ten steps, an investor should have a solid understanding of the stock and be able to make an informed decision about whether to buy.

1.    Market Cap

2.    Revenue, Profit, and Margin Trends

3.    Industry and Competitors

4.    Valuation

5.    Management and Ownership

6.    Balance Sheet

7.    Stock Price History

8.    Stock Options and Dilution

9.    Expectations

10.    Risks

In the first steps, one simply gathers information without coming to any conclusions about the stock. As more information is gathered, it should start to become more clear what the pros and cons are of buying the stock. Investors can then make their decision accordingly.

The Takeaway

Doing due diligence research is a critical part of investing. Before purchasing any stock or asset, investors should have enough information to make an informed decision. Each of the steps of due diligence helps build a comprehensive picture of a stock’s past and potential future performance.

Invest in what matters most to you with SoFi Active Invest. In a self-directed account provided by SoFi Securities, you can trade stocks, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), mutual funds, alternative funds, options, and more — all while paying $0 commission on every trade. Other fees may apply. Whether you want to trade after-hours or manage your portfolio using real-time stock insights and analyst ratings, you can invest your way in SoFi's easy-to-use mobile app.

Opening and funding an Active Invest account gives you the opportunity to get up to $1,000 in the stock of your choice.¹

Photo credit: iStock/LunaKate

INVESTMENTS ARE NOT FDIC INSURED • ARE NOT BANK GUARANTEED • MAY LOSE VALUE

SoFi Invest is a trade name used by SoFi Wealth LLC and SoFi Securities LLC offering investment products and services. Robo investing and advisory services are provided by SoFi Wealth LLC, an SEC-registered investment adviser. Brokerage and self-directed investing products offered through SoFi Securities LLC, Member FINRA/SIPC.

For disclosures on SoFi Invest platforms visit SoFi.com/legal. For a full listing of the fees associated with Sofi Invest please view our fee schedule.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.


¹Probability of Member receiving $1,000 is a probability of 0.026%; If you don’t make a selection in 45 days, you’ll no longer qualify for the promo. Customer must fund their account with a minimum of $50.00 to qualify. Probability percentage is subject to decrease. See full terms and conditions.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

SOIN0322058

Read more
Close modal

See what SoFi can do for you and your finances.

Select a product below and get your rate in just minutes.

Student Loan
Refinancing

Personal
Loans

Online
Investments

Other

Terms and conditions apply. SOFI RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MODIFY OR DISCONTINUE PRODUCTS AND BENEFITS AT ANY TIME WITHOUT NOTICE. To qualify, a borrower must be a U.S. citizen or other eligible status, be residing in the U.S., and meet SoFi's underwriting requirements. Not all borrowers receive the lowest rate. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. If approved, your actual rate will be within the range of rates at the time of application and will depend on a variety of factors, including term of loan, evaluation of your creditworthiness, income, and other factors. If SoFi is unable to offer you a loan but matches you for a loan with a participating bank, then your rate may be outside the range of rates listed above. Rates and Terms are subject to change at any time without notice. SoFi Personal Loans can be used for any lawful personal, family, or household purposes and may not be used for post-secondary education expenses. Minimum loan amount is $5,000. The average of SoFi Personal Loans funded in 2023 was around $33K. Information current as of 2/26/24. SoFi Personal Loans originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891 (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org). See SoFi.com/legal for state-specific license details. See SoFi.com/eligibility for details and state restrictions.

✝ To check the rates and terms you may qualify for, SoFi conducts a soft credit pull that will not affect your credit score. However, if you choose a product and continue your application, we will request your full credit report from one or more consumer reporting agencies, which is considered a hard credit pull and may affect your credit.

©2026 Social Finance, LLC All rights reserved.
TLS 1.2 Encrypted
Equal Housing Lender