Mar
28
2025

Share Draft Accounts: What Are They & How Do They Work?

By | Family Finances, Life & Career, money | Comments Off on Share Draft Accounts: What Are They & How Do They Work?

A share draft account or simply a share draft is a checking account that’s held at a credit union. Share draft accounts are similar to checking accounts offered by banks in terms of how you can use them.

There are, however, a few differences that set them apart. Whether a share draft account or a checking account is right for you can depend on your preferences for managing your money. If you’re thinking of opening a share draft at your local credit union, it helps to know more about how they work.

What Is a Share Draft Account?

The term “share draft account” is how credit unions refer to what banks call checking accounts. This terminology reflects in part how credit unions work.

When you join a credit union, you become a member of it. You, along with the other members, have an ownership share in the credit union. That’s a key distinction between a credit union vs. bank. Share draft is used to describe checking accounts belonging to credit union members.

You’ll also see the word “share” used with other types of accounts offered at credit unions. For example, a share account is the credit union equivalent of a bank savings account. These accounts can earn interest so you can grow your money over time.

Share certificates, meanwhile, are the credit union version of certificate of deposit (CD) accounts. You deposit money into a share certificate, which then earns interest until the certificate matures. At maturity, you can withdraw the initial deposit and interest earned or roll it into a new share certificate.

How Do Share Draft Accounts Work?

Share draft accounts work by allowing you to deposit money that you can then spend or withdraw later. Each time you deposit money, you’re essentially buying shares in the credit union that holds your account.

Generally, with a share draft account you can:

•   Pay bills online

•   Withdraw cash at ATMs (though there may be ATM withdrawal limits)

•   Make purchases online or in person using a linked debit card

•   Manage accounts via online and mobile banking

•   Add funds through direct deposit and/or remote deposit capture

•   Write checks

•   Link your debit card to mobile wallet apps

•   Send money to friends and family through Zelle or another mobile payment app

•   Send and receive ACH transfers or wire transfers

There may be various fees associated with these accounts, including monthly maintenance fees or overdraft fees. You may also pay ATM fees, depending on where you withdraw cash. Some share draft accounts pay dividends to credit union members as they’re declared quarterly, biannually, or annually.

Opening a share draft account is a bit different from opening a bank account. You first need to qualify for membership in a credit union.

The qualification requirements can vary by credit union. In terms of how much money to open an account, initial deposit requirements are usually on the lower side. It might be, say, $5 to $25 in many cases.

Credit unions can impose daily, weekly, and monthly limits on debit card transactions and ATM withdrawals. There may also be limits on check writing. Customer service availability can depend on the credit union.

Recommended: What Is Monetary Policy?

Pros of Share Draft Accounts

There’s a lot to like about share draft accounts and credit unions in general. Here are some of the main advantages of share draft accounts:

•   Initial deposit requirements are often low

•   Minimum balance requirements may be low or nonexistent

•   Some share draft accounts can earn dividends

•   Banking fees may be lower

•   Benefits and features tend to be similar to bank checking accounts

•   Credit unions can offer numerous ways to access share draft accounts, including online and mobile banking, ATMs, and branches.

There’s one more advantage to opening a share draft account. If you’re a member of a shared branch credit union, you can access your money through a wider network of branches. Shared branch banking means that even if your accounts are held at, for example, Credit Union A, you could access them at Credit Union B, which is convenient if you’re traveling.

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Up to 3.80% APY on savings balances.

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Cons of Share Draft Accounts

Share draft accounts may not be right for everyone. Before opening one, here are a few potential drawbacks to keep in mind:

•   Membership in a credit union is required to open a share draft account

•   Branch access may be limited if your credit union isn’t part of a shared branch network

•   There may be limits on withdrawals or debit card transactions

•   Dividend rates may be low.

Qualifying for membership in a credit union might be the biggest hurdle to joining one for some people. Credit unions can base membership on things like military affiliation, where you work or attend school, or religious affiliation. The good news is that there are some credit unions that have less stringent requirements and offer membership to a wider range of people. It can be worthwhile to shop around.

How Does a Share Draft Differ From a Traditional Bank Account?

Share draft accounts are similar to checking accounts offered at traditional banks, but they aren’t identical. Here are some of the most important differences between share draft vs.checking accounts.

Fees

Banks are known for often charging plenty of fees for checking accounts. Fees are a big part of how banks make a profit. Credit unions, on the other hand, are not-for-profit financial institutions. That means they generally charge their members fewer fees and can pay higher interest rates on deposit accounts than traditional banks.

Deposit Insurance

Deposits at banks and credit unions can both be insured against institutional failure. Whether your coverage comes through the FDIC vs. NCUA depends on where you keep your accounts. Credit unions are likely insured by NCUA, or the National Credit Union Administration.

•   The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) insures deposits for up to $250,000 per depositor, per account ownership category, per insured financial institution. You may qualify for more deposit insurance if you have accounts in different ownership categories that meet FDIC requirements. This insurance reassures you that your checking account is safe.

•   The National Credit Union Administration insures deposits at member credit unions up to $250,000 per depositor, per insured credit union. Member deposits held in jointly-owned accounts are insured up to $250,000 as well.

Features and Benefits

Credit unions and banks can offer a different range of features and benefits for draft accounts and checking accounts, respectively. There can be a significant difference between what is a premium checking account at a bank and what constitutes a premium share draft account at a credit union, for example. Comparing what’s included with share draft and checking accounts can help you decide which one is better for your needs.

The Takeaway

Deciding to open a checking account or a share draft account can help you get a better handle on your money. Both share draft accounts and checking accounts make it easy to deposit funds, pay bills, withdraw cash, or make purchases as needed. Share draft accounts are held at credit unions, and they may have lower fees and minimum deposit and balance requirements. That said, they may lack accessibility vs., some banks.

If you’d like to manage your money at an online bank, consider what SoFi offers.

Interested in opening an online bank account? When you sign up for a SoFi Checking and Savings account with direct deposit, you’ll get a competitive annual percentage yield (APY), pay zero account fees, and enjoy an array of rewards, such as access to the Allpoint Network of 55,000+ fee-free ATMs globally. Qualifying accounts can even access their paycheck up to two days early.


Better banking is here with SoFi, NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Checking Account Overall.* Enjoy up to 3.80% APY on SoFi Checking and Savings.

FAQ

What is the difference between regular share and share draft?

A share account is a savings account held at a credit union. Share accounts can earn interest in the form of dividends. Share draft accounts, however, are similar to a checking account and allow you to make draft withdrawals by writing checks, making purchases with a debit card, or withdrawing cash at ATMs.

What is the difference between a share draft and a checking account?

The difference between a share draft and a checking account is where they’re held. Share draft accounts are offered at credit unions; checking accounts are offered at banks. Share draft accounts can be NCUA-insured while checking accounts at banks have FDIC deposit insurance coverage.

Is a checking account better than a share draft?

A checking account may be preferable to a share draft account if you’d rather keep your money at a bank rather than a credit union. On the other hand, you might lean toward a share draft if you’d rather take advantage of perks that only a credit union may offer. Looking at your money management habits and preferences can help you decide whether a checking account or share draft is the better fit.

About the author

Rebecca Lake

Rebecca Lake

Rebecca Lake has been a finance writer for nearly a decade, specializing in personal finance, investing, and small business. She is a contributor at Forbes Advisor, SmartAsset, Investopedia, The Balance, MyBankTracker, MoneyRates and CreditCards.com. Read full bio.


Photo credit: iStock/SDI Productions

SoFi® Checking and Savings is offered through SoFi Bank, N.A. ©2025 SoFi Bank, N.A. All rights reserved. Member FDIC. Equal Housing Lender.
The SoFi Bank Debit Mastercard® is issued by SoFi Bank, N.A., pursuant to license by Mastercard International Incorporated and can be used everywhere Mastercard is accepted. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated.

SoFi members with Eligible Direct Deposit activity can earn 3.80% annual percentage yield (APY) on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Eligible Direct Deposit means a recurring deposit of regular income to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government benefit payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Eligible Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below).

Although we do our best to recognize all Eligible Direct Deposits, a small number of employers, payroll providers, benefits providers, or government agencies do not designate payments as direct deposit. To ensure you're earning 3.80% APY, we encourage you to check your APY Details page the day after your Eligible Direct Deposit arrives. If your APY is not showing as 3.80%, contact us at 855-456-7634 with the details of your Eligible Direct Deposit. As long as SoFi Bank can validate those details, you will start earning 3.80% APY from the date you contact SoFi for the rest of the current 30-day Evaluation Period. You will also be eligible for 3.80% APY on future Eligible Direct Deposits, as long as SoFi Bank can validate them.

Deposits that are not from an employer, payroll, or benefits provider or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, or are non-recurring in nature (e.g., IRS tax refunds), do not constitute Eligible Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Eligible Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate. SoFi members with Eligible Direct Deposit are eligible for other SoFi Plus benefits.

As an alternative to Direct Deposit, SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits can earn 3.80% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Qualifying Deposits means one or more deposits that, in the aggregate, are equal to or greater than $5,000 to an account holder’s SoFi Checking and Savings account (“Qualifying Deposits”) during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Qualifying Deposits only include those deposits from the following eligible sources: (i) ACH transfers, (ii) inbound wire transfers, (iii) peer-to-peer transfers (i.e., external transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc. and internal peer-to-peer transfers from a SoFi account belonging to another account holder), (iv) check deposits, (v) instant funding to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, (vi) push payments to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, and (vii) cash deposits. Qualifying Deposits do not include: (i) transfers between an account holder’s Checking account, Savings account, and/or Vaults; (ii) interest payments; (iii) bonuses issued by SoFi Bank or its affiliates; or (iv) credits, reversals, and refunds from SoFi Bank, N.A. (“SoFi Bank”) or from a merchant. SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits are not eligible for other SoFi Plus benefits.

SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder’s Eligible Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits throughout each 30-Day Evaluation Period to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility. The 30-Day Evaluation Period refers to the “Start Date” and “End Date” set forth on the APY Details page of your account, which comprises a period of 30 calendar days (the “30-Day Evaluation Period”). You can access the APY Details page at any time by logging into your SoFi account on the SoFi mobile app or SoFi website and selecting either (i) Banking > Savings > Current APY or (ii) Banking > Checking > Current APY. Upon receiving an Eligible Direct Deposit or receipt of $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits to your account, you will begin earning 3.80% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% on checking balances on or before the following calendar day. You will continue to earn these APYs for (i) the remainder of the current 30-Day Evaluation Period and through the end of the subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period and (ii) any following 30-day Evaluation Periods during which SoFi Bank determines you to have Eligible Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits without interruption.

SoFi Bank reserves the right to grant a grace period to account holders following a change in Eligible Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits activity before adjusting rates. If SoFi Bank grants you a grace period, the dates for such grace period will be reflected on the APY Details page of your account. If SoFi Bank determines that you did not have Eligible Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits during the current 30-day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, then you will begin earning the rates earned by account holders without either Eligible Direct Deposit or Qualifying Deposits until SoFi Bank recognizes Eligible Direct Deposit activity or receives $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits in a subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period. For the avoidance of doubt, an account holder with both Eligible Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits will earn the rates earned by account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit.

Separately, SoFi members who enroll in SoFi Plus by paying the SoFi Plus Subscription Fee every 30 days can also earn 3.80% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. For additional details, see the SoFi Plus Terms and Conditions at https://www.sofi.com/terms-of-use/#plus.

Members without either Eligible Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits, as determined by SoFi Bank, during a 30-Day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, or who do not enroll in SoFi Plus by paying the SoFi Plus Subscription Fee every 30 days, will earn 1.00% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances.

Interest rates are variable and subject to change at any time. These rates are current as of 1/24/25. There is no minimum balance requirement. Additional information can be found at http://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.
*Awards or rankings from NerdWallet are not indicative of future success or results. This award and its ratings are independently determined and awarded by their respective publications.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.


Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

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Mar
28
2025
Guide to Shared Branch Credit Unions

Guide to Shared Branch Credit Unions

By | Budgeting & Goals, Financial Independence, money | Comments Off on Guide to Shared Branch Credit Unions

Shared branch credit unions allow members to access banking products and services at other credit union branches that belong to a wider network. Joining a shared branch credit union can make managing your financial accounts more convenient if you live, work, or study in an area where your home credit union doesn’t have branches.

The types of transactions that can be carried out via shared branching are typically the same as those allowed by the home branch. There are, however, a few things you may not be able to do, so here’s a closer look.

What Is Shared Branching?

Shared branching is the practice of allowing members of one credit union to carry out financial activities at branches of other credit unions that are all located within the same branch network.

Here’s one example: The Co-Op Shared Branch managed by Co-Op Solutions, for example, offers access to more than 5,600 shared branches in the U.S. and over 30,000 surcharge-free ATMs. This can be very convenient in terms of being able to bank at a variety of locations.

As long as your home credit union, meaning the credit union where you maintain your accounts, is part of a shared branching network, then you can access your accounts at other credit unions within the network. You don’t need to be a member of multiple credit unions to benefit from this sharing system.

Shared branching is a significant departure from traditional banking. If you have checking and savings accounts at Chase Bank, for example, you likely wouldn’t be able to walk into a Bank of America and conduct business.

💡 Quick Tip: Make money easy. Enjoy the convenience of managing bills, deposits, and transfers from one online bank account with SoFi.

How Can I Use a Shared Branch?

To use a shared branch credit union, you first have to determine whether your home credit union belongs to a sharing network. Co-Op Solutions, for instance, simplifies this process. It offers a shared branch and ATM locator tool that you can use to find shared credit union branches near you.

Once you find a shared branch, you can visit in-person to manage your accounts. You’ll need to bring a form of photo identification to verify your identity. You may also need to provide your phone number and the last four digits of your Social Security number. And of course, you’ll need the name and account number for your home credit union.

Generally, you can use a shared branch credit union much the same as your home credit union. That means you can use the ATM to make withdrawals or check account balances. If you need to make a deposit or complete other transactions, you can do those through a teller either inside the branch or at the drive-thru.

What Can Members Do at a Shared Branch?

For the most part, shared branch credit unions allow you to carry out the same range of transactions as you would at your home branch. If you’re not sure what a particular shared branch credit union allows, you may be able to find a list of services on the credit union’s website.

Here are some of the most important transactions you can complete via shared branching.

Deposits and Withdrawals

Credit union members can deposit funds to their accounts and make withdrawals through a shared branch credit union. That’s convenient if you need to deposit cash or withdraw money from your accounts. You may also choose to make deposits in-person if you’re concerned about mobile deposit processing times. (And if you’re wondering about whether mobile deposits are safe, the answer is typically yes.)

Transfer Money Between Accounts

Shared branching also allows members to move money between accounts. For example, you may want to shift some of your savings to checking or to a money market account at your credit union.

Can you move money from one bank to another via shared branching? Yes, if you have accounts at more than one credit union. If you need to transfer money from your credit union to a financial institution that’s not part of a shared branch network, then you’ll need to link the external account to schedule an ACH transfer or wire transfer.

If you need to send funds overseas, keep in mind that not all credit unions participate in the SWIFT banking system, which is used to facilitate international wire transfers.

Get up to $300 when you bank with SoFi.

No account or overdraft fees. No minimum balance.

Up to 3.80% APY on savings balances.

Up to 2-day-early paycheck.

Up to $3M of additional
FDIC insurance.


Make Loan Payments

Credit union members can make payments to auto loans, personal loans, mortgages, and other loans through shared branches. You’ll need the loan number to make your payment. Being able to pay through a shared branch credit union could help you to avoid missed due dates.

What Can Members Not Do at a Shared Branch?

While shared branch credit unions allow for flexibility, there are some things members cannot do. If you belong to a shared branch credit union network, here are some of the things that are typically prohibited.

Open a Bank Account

If you’re visiting a co-op shared branch credit union, you can’t open a new account with your home credit union. Instead, you’d need to go to one of your home credit union’s branches or visit the credit union’s website to open the accounts. Of course, you could ask how to open a business bank account or personal bank account options at the shared branch if you’re interested in being a member of that credit union.

Access Deposited Funds Immediately

Just like banks, credit unions process transactions according to a set schedule. When you deposit money at a shared branch credit union, you can’t expect to be able to withdraw it right away. The deposit hold time or processing time can vary by the credit union. You may be able to expedite processing if the credit union allows it, but you may pay a fee for that.

Withdraw an Unlimited Amount of Money

Shared branch credit unions can impose limits on the amount of money members can withdraw each day. For example, members of the Co-Op Solutions Shared Branch Network are typically limited to no more than $620 per day in withdrawals from their ATM network. That limit may be higher or lower than the limit imposed by your home credit union.

Open an Individual Retirement Account

Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs) offer a tax-advantaged way to save money for retirement. Credit unions can offer IRAs to savers, though you typically cannot open one through a shared branch. Instead, you’ll need to go to your home credit union to open an IRA either in-person or online.

Benefits of Shared Branching

If you prefer credit unions to traditional banks, then belonging to a shared branch credit union can offer some advantages. Remember, you don’t have to do anything special to enjoy the benefits of shared branching, other than belonging to a credit union that’s part of a sharing network. You don’t have to open multiple bank accounts to have privileges at more locations.

Convenience

Shared branch credit unions make it convenient to access your money wherever you are, as long as there’s a shared branch location nearby. So whether you’re traveling for business, taking a family vacation, or planning a move, you don’t have to worry about leaving your credit union accounts behind.

Flexibility

Doing business at a shared branch credit union allows for flexibility since you can do most of the things you’d be able to do at your home branch. Again, the main things you wouldn’t be able to do include opening new checking or savings accounts, opening an IRA, or applying for a loan. You’d only be able to do those things if you also choose to become a member of the shared branch credit union.

Avoid Fees

Banks make revenue by charging fees for the services they provide. Being part of a shared credit union may help you avoid some fees. If you use a shared-branch credit-union ATM network while you’re traveling, you may be able to avoid out-of-network ATM surcharges. While shared branch credit unions may charge fees for certain services, others may be provided free of charge.

Drawbacks of Shared Branching

While shared branching does have some advantages, there are some potential downsides to consider. Here are some of the main cons of using shared branch credit unions.

Availability

Credit unions are not obligated to join a shared branch network. If your home credit union isn’t part of a sharing network, then you’ll be limited to using only that credit union’s branches. That could make managing your accounts more challenging if you regularly travel for business, school, or pleasure.

(However, many people today are used to banking without brick-and-mortar locations, which is a key difference between online banking versus traditional banking. This availability issue may not be a big concern to some who do their money management online or via an app.)

Withdrawal Limits

As mentioned, credit unions that are part of the Co-Op Solutions network can limit your withdrawals. If you need to withdraw a larger amount in cash than is permitted, you’d need to find a branch of your credit union to do so, assuming your credit union has a higher daily cash withdrawal limit.

Use Limitations

Shared branch credit unions can be used to do quite a few things, but they’re not all-encompassing. There are some transactions that you’ll only be able to do at your credit union’s branch or via the credit union’s website or mobile app.

The Takeaway

Deciding where to keep your money matters. Shared branch credit unions can make banking easier. With shared branches, you don’t have to be limited to a certain geographic area when managing bank accounts in person or via ATM. You can avoid fees by being part of a large network of connected credit unions. While there are some drawbacks, the benefits of convenience and cheaper banking costs can be very appealing to some consumers.

Of course, there’s a lot to be said for online banking and its associated benefits.

Interested in opening an online bank account? When you sign up for a SoFi Checking and Savings account with direct deposit, you’ll get a competitive annual percentage yield (APY), pay zero account fees, and enjoy an array of rewards, such as access to the Allpoint Network of 55,000+ fee-free ATMs globally. Qualifying accounts can even access their paycheck up to two days early.


Better banking is here with SoFi, NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Checking Account Overall.* Enjoy up to 3.80% APY on SoFi Checking and Savings.

FAQ

Should I join a credit union or a bank branch?

It depends on your needs. Joining a credit union could make sense if you’re looking for lower interest rates on loans and fewer fees, provided you meet the credit union’s requirements to join. If you do choose to join a credit union for those benefits, you can still open an account at a traditional or online bank and enjoy the benefits those offer.

Is it good to be part of a credit union?

Credit union membership can offer certain perks that you may not always get at a bank. For example, credit unions may charge lower interest rates for loans while offering higher interest rates on deposit accounts. You may also be able to get access to discount programs and other special incentives for being a member.

Can I withdraw money from any bank branch?

You can withdraw money from any branch of your bank, either by seeing a teller or using the ATM to access your accounts. However, you wouldn’t be able to walk into a branch of Bank A to withdraw cash from accounts held at Bank B.

About the author

Rebecca Lake

Rebecca Lake

Rebecca Lake has been a finance writer for nearly a decade, specializing in personal finance, investing, and small business. She is a contributor at Forbes Advisor, SmartAsset, Investopedia, The Balance, MyBankTracker, MoneyRates and CreditCards.com. Read full bio.


Photo credit: iStock/Marco VDM

SoFi® Checking and Savings is offered through SoFi Bank, N.A. ©2025 SoFi Bank, N.A. All rights reserved. Member FDIC. Equal Housing Lender.
The SoFi Bank Debit Mastercard® is issued by SoFi Bank, N.A., pursuant to license by Mastercard International Incorporated and can be used everywhere Mastercard is accepted. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated.

SoFi members with Eligible Direct Deposit activity can earn 3.80% annual percentage yield (APY) on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Eligible Direct Deposit means a recurring deposit of regular income to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government benefit payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Eligible Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below).

Although we do our best to recognize all Eligible Direct Deposits, a small number of employers, payroll providers, benefits providers, or government agencies do not designate payments as direct deposit. To ensure you're earning 3.80% APY, we encourage you to check your APY Details page the day after your Eligible Direct Deposit arrives. If your APY is not showing as 3.80%, contact us at 855-456-7634 with the details of your Eligible Direct Deposit. As long as SoFi Bank can validate those details, you will start earning 3.80% APY from the date you contact SoFi for the rest of the current 30-day Evaluation Period. You will also be eligible for 3.80% APY on future Eligible Direct Deposits, as long as SoFi Bank can validate them.

Deposits that are not from an employer, payroll, or benefits provider or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, or are non-recurring in nature (e.g., IRS tax refunds), do not constitute Eligible Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Eligible Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate. SoFi members with Eligible Direct Deposit are eligible for other SoFi Plus benefits.

As an alternative to Direct Deposit, SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits can earn 3.80% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Qualifying Deposits means one or more deposits that, in the aggregate, are equal to or greater than $5,000 to an account holder’s SoFi Checking and Savings account (“Qualifying Deposits”) during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Qualifying Deposits only include those deposits from the following eligible sources: (i) ACH transfers, (ii) inbound wire transfers, (iii) peer-to-peer transfers (i.e., external transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc. and internal peer-to-peer transfers from a SoFi account belonging to another account holder), (iv) check deposits, (v) instant funding to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, (vi) push payments to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, and (vii) cash deposits. Qualifying Deposits do not include: (i) transfers between an account holder’s Checking account, Savings account, and/or Vaults; (ii) interest payments; (iii) bonuses issued by SoFi Bank or its affiliates; or (iv) credits, reversals, and refunds from SoFi Bank, N.A. (“SoFi Bank”) or from a merchant. SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits are not eligible for other SoFi Plus benefits.

SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder’s Eligible Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits throughout each 30-Day Evaluation Period to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility. The 30-Day Evaluation Period refers to the “Start Date” and “End Date” set forth on the APY Details page of your account, which comprises a period of 30 calendar days (the “30-Day Evaluation Period”). You can access the APY Details page at any time by logging into your SoFi account on the SoFi mobile app or SoFi website and selecting either (i) Banking > Savings > Current APY or (ii) Banking > Checking > Current APY. Upon receiving an Eligible Direct Deposit or receipt of $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits to your account, you will begin earning 3.80% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% on checking balances on or before the following calendar day. You will continue to earn these APYs for (i) the remainder of the current 30-Day Evaluation Period and through the end of the subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period and (ii) any following 30-day Evaluation Periods during which SoFi Bank determines you to have Eligible Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits without interruption.

SoFi Bank reserves the right to grant a grace period to account holders following a change in Eligible Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits activity before adjusting rates. If SoFi Bank grants you a grace period, the dates for such grace period will be reflected on the APY Details page of your account. If SoFi Bank determines that you did not have Eligible Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits during the current 30-day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, then you will begin earning the rates earned by account holders without either Eligible Direct Deposit or Qualifying Deposits until SoFi Bank recognizes Eligible Direct Deposit activity or receives $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits in a subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period. For the avoidance of doubt, an account holder with both Eligible Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits will earn the rates earned by account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit.

Separately, SoFi members who enroll in SoFi Plus by paying the SoFi Plus Subscription Fee every 30 days can also earn 3.80% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. For additional details, see the SoFi Plus Terms and Conditions at https://www.sofi.com/terms-of-use/#plus.

Members without either Eligible Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits, as determined by SoFi Bank, during a 30-Day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, or who do not enroll in SoFi Plus by paying the SoFi Plus Subscription Fee every 30 days, will earn 1.00% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances.

Interest rates are variable and subject to change at any time. These rates are current as of 1/24/25. There is no minimum balance requirement. Additional information can be found at http://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.
*Awards or rankings from NerdWallet are not indicative of future success or results. This award and its ratings are independently determined and awarded by their respective publications.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.


Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.


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Guide to Sinking Funds

Understanding Sinking Funds

By | Budgeting & Goals, Financial Independence, money | 1 Comment

It may sound like a negative thing, but a sinking fund is money that’s saved toward a specific goal. Governments and businesses can use sinking funds to hold reserve cash to fund future expenses, but this kind of account also has a place in personal finance as you build wealth and achieve goals.

What sinking funds are is a way to earmark and stash money so you can, say, buy a new car or take an amazing vacation. Understanding how sinking funds work can help you decide if you need to include them in your budget.

What Is a Sinking Fund?

A sinking fund is money that’s earmarked to pay planned expenses that fall outside of your regular budget. In accounting, a sinking fund is used to save money to pay debt or replace an asset that is declining in value. The name, which can admittedly sound negative, may be derived from the idea of sinking, or paying off, a debt.

As mentioned, individuals, businesses, and even governments can use sinking funds to hold money in reserve for future expenses. For example, the U.S. Treasury Department maintains a sinking fund for unused appropriations.

For an individual, the meaning shifts somewhat. A sinking fund can help you be financially prepared to pay certain expenses that are on the horizon. In this way, it can help you avoid having to turn to high-interest credit cards or loans to cover expenses that don’t fit into your monthly budget. Being able to avoid debt is one of the main reasons why saving is important.

💡 Quick Tip: Typically, checking accounts don’t earn interest. However, some accounts do, and online banks are more likely than brick-and-mortar banks to offer you the best rates.

Examples of a Sinking Fund

A sinking fund can be used to save money for a variety of expenses. Some of the most common sinking funds categories include:

•   Vehicle maintenance and repairs

•   Pet care

•   Home maintenance and repairs

•   Birthdays, holidays, and other special occasions

•   Wedding expenses

•   Baby expenses

Those are just a few of the things you might need a sinking fund for. The number of sinking funds you choose to establish can depend on your financial goals. You might create one for, say, a down payment on a home or a trip to Bali. It’s up to you.

You can set up separate accounts for each goal and, if you like, automate savings into each. You might add $25 per pay period to one, $100 to another. By setting up recurring transfers to occur right after your paycheck hits your checking account, you can help your savings grow with minimal effort.

Recommended: Should I Pay off Debt Before Buying a House?

Benefits of a Sinking Fund

Setting up sinking funds can offer some advantages if you have planned or recurring expenses.

•   You can use them to create a structured plan for saving toward various expenses or financial goals.

•   Depending on where you keep your sinking funds, you may be able to earn a decent rate of interest on your deposits.

•   Sinking funds ensure that when a planned expense comes due, you have the money to pay it. You can avoid dipping into your emergency fund or using a credit card.

Drawbacks of a Sinking Fund

Sinking funds can help you to be consistent with saving, but there are some potential drawbacks.

•   You have to be organized and disciplined when setting up a fund or multiple funds.

•   If you’re also saving or investing in other accounts, you may have trouble keeping track of what is sinking fund money and what isn’t.

•   Saving in multiple sinking funds could leave you spread thin financially if you’re not careful about budgeting.

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How to Create a Sinking Fund

Getting started with sinking funds isn’t that difficult. Here are a few simple tips for using sinking funds to save toward planned expenses.

List Your Sinking Fund Categories

The first step in creating a sinking fund is deciding what categories to include. A good way to choose sinking fund categories is to review your spending for the last six months to a year. Look for expenses that may recur periodically, like biannual or annual insurance premiums or annual home maintenance.

From there, consider what savings goals you might be working toward that are one-time expenses. That may include a wedding, a down payment on a home, a vacation, new furniture, or something else you only expect to pay for once. You can then use your recurring expenses and planned expenses to create your sinking fund categories.

Determine Your Savings Target

Next, decide how much you need to save toward each expense or goal on your sinking fund list. Assign an overall dollar amount first, then determine how much you need to save monthly, based on when you plan to spend the money.

Say you want to save $1,000 for a trip you’d like to take in a year. You’d divide the total by 12, and your savings goal would be $83.33 per month.

Decide Where to Keep Sinking Funds

Once you know what you need to save each month, you can choose where to keep your sinking funds. Again, this may be a single savings account or money market account, or a savings account with multiple subaccounts.

Certificate of deposit (CD) accounts are usually not the best place to keep sinking funds. They require you to leave money in them untouched for a set maturity term to avoid a penalty. However, you may be able to find an add-on CD account that is a work-around to this. These accounts may allow you to increase the funds on deposit; check with a financial institution that offers this product for more details.

Set Up Automatic Transfers

If you’ve opened sinking fund accounts, you can take the final step and link them to your checking account. You can then schedule recurring automatic transfers from checking to your sinking fund account each month to grow your savings automatically.

You might want to set up your automatic deductions for payday. It can be helpful to have the money whisked out of your checking account and into savings before you see it and think about spending it.

Sinking Funds vs Emergency Funds

You may be tempted to dip into your emergency fund for some expenses, like, say, buying a new mobile phone. However, a sinking fund may be a better option. While a sinking fund and an emergency fund are both designed for saving, they serve very different purposes.

With a sinking fund, you’re setting aside money regularly that you plan to spend at some point. (In the example of a new phone, maybe your current one is starting to have some glitchiness, and you know a new model will be released in six months with lots of bells and whistles.) Some sinking fund expenses may be one-time; others may be recurring.
An emergency fund, on the other hand, is designed to hold emergency cash in case you have an unexpected expense that you need to cover. Emergency funds are there for those “uh-oh” moments, when your hot water heater conks out or you get hit with a major dental bill.

Starting an emergency fund while also having sinking funds can be a good idea. When you have both, you have money set aside to pay foreseen and unforeseen expenses. And just like sinking funds, one of the benefits of having an emergency fund is that you’re less reliant on high-interest credit cards to pay for things.

Sinking Funds vs Savings Accounts

Sinking funds and savings accounts can refer to the same thing. For example, you might hold your sinking funds in a high-yield savings account at an online bank. But it’s also possible that you have other savings accounts that are not specifically used for sinking funds. Sinking funds usually have a specific goal, which can help you get motivated to save money.

Saving funds can be more general. If you have kids, you might set up savings accounts for them to teach them the value of money. Or you might have a savings account that you treat as a slush fund, where you keep money that you haven’t earmarked toward any specific goal.

If you have both sinking funds and savings accounts, it’s important to track what money goes where. That way, you can ensure that you’re saving enough in your sinking funds and not shortchanging any of your planned expenses.

Recommended: Smart Short-Term Financial Goals to Set for Yourself

Where Can You Keep a Sinking Fund?

When deciding where to keep a sinking fund, accessibility matters. You need to be able to add money to your sinking fund and withdraw it when needed. For that reason, you might open an online bank account to hold your sinking funds.
With an online savings account, you can earn interest on deposits and link your account to checking for easy transfers.

Some banks allow you to open a main savings account with multiple subaccounts. You might choose this option if you’d like to be able to add money to individual sinking funds for specific expenses. Subaccounts can allow you to see all of your sinking fund money in one place while keeping goals separate.

A money market account is another candidate for holding sinking funds. These accounts can earn interest like a savings account, but they may offer check-writing abilities or debit card access, which you typically don’t get with a savings account.

Just be sure to check if your bank limits the number of withdrawals you’re allowed to make from a money market account. For some people, this factor (if it exists) can be a deal breaker.

The Takeaway

A sinking fund can help you stay on track when saving for planned expenses. You can use sinking funds to save for a wide range of expenses, without having to dip into other savings, your emergency fund, or breaking out your plastic. It can be a helpful way to organize your finances and meet your money and lifestyle goals.

Where to keep money in a sinking fund? Someplace that bears interest but is easily accessible can work well.

Interested in opening an online bank account? When you sign up for a SoFi Checking and Savings account with direct deposit, you’ll get a competitive annual percentage yield (APY), pay zero account fees, and enjoy an array of rewards, such as access to the Allpoint Network of 55,000+ fee-free ATMs globally. Qualifying accounts can even access their paycheck up to two days early.


Better banking is here with SoFi, NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Checking Account Overall.* Enjoy up to 3.80% APY on SoFi Checking and Savings.

FAQ

What is a sinking fund in simple terms?

A sinking fund is a type of account that has a specific goal (such as a down payment on a house or debt repayment). Funds are typically added to it regularly.

How much should you have in a sinking fund?

If your sinking fund is an emergency fund, you should aim to have at least enough money to cover three to six months’ worth of standard living expenses. Otherwise, it’s up to you to set the purpose of a sinking fund (a Peloton bike or a trip to Yellowstone?) and how much you want to save.

What is considered a healthy sinking fund?

A healthy sinking fund has enough money to cover any planned expenses you might have on the horizon. The size of your sinking fund will depend on which expenses you’re planning for, how often you’re saving for those expenses, and how much you’re saving toward them each month.

About the author

Rebecca Lake

Rebecca Lake

Rebecca Lake has been a finance writer for nearly a decade, specializing in personal finance, investing, and small business. She is a contributor at Forbes Advisor, SmartAsset, Investopedia, The Balance, MyBankTracker, MoneyRates and CreditCards.com. Read full bio.


Photo credit: iStock/whitebalance.oatt

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SoFi members with Eligible Direct Deposit activity can earn 3.80% annual percentage yield (APY) on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Eligible Direct Deposit means a recurring deposit of regular income to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government benefit payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Eligible Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below).

Although we do our best to recognize all Eligible Direct Deposits, a small number of employers, payroll providers, benefits providers, or government agencies do not designate payments as direct deposit. To ensure you're earning 3.80% APY, we encourage you to check your APY Details page the day after your Eligible Direct Deposit arrives. If your APY is not showing as 3.80%, contact us at 855-456-7634 with the details of your Eligible Direct Deposit. As long as SoFi Bank can validate those details, you will start earning 3.80% APY from the date you contact SoFi for the rest of the current 30-day Evaluation Period. You will also be eligible for 3.80% APY on future Eligible Direct Deposits, as long as SoFi Bank can validate them.

Deposits that are not from an employer, payroll, or benefits provider or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, or are non-recurring in nature (e.g., IRS tax refunds), do not constitute Eligible Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Eligible Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate. SoFi members with Eligible Direct Deposit are eligible for other SoFi Plus benefits.

As an alternative to Direct Deposit, SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits can earn 3.80% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Qualifying Deposits means one or more deposits that, in the aggregate, are equal to or greater than $5,000 to an account holder’s SoFi Checking and Savings account (“Qualifying Deposits”) during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Qualifying Deposits only include those deposits from the following eligible sources: (i) ACH transfers, (ii) inbound wire transfers, (iii) peer-to-peer transfers (i.e., external transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc. and internal peer-to-peer transfers from a SoFi account belonging to another account holder), (iv) check deposits, (v) instant funding to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, (vi) push payments to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, and (vii) cash deposits. Qualifying Deposits do not include: (i) transfers between an account holder’s Checking account, Savings account, and/or Vaults; (ii) interest payments; (iii) bonuses issued by SoFi Bank or its affiliates; or (iv) credits, reversals, and refunds from SoFi Bank, N.A. (“SoFi Bank”) or from a merchant. SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits are not eligible for other SoFi Plus benefits.

SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder’s Eligible Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits throughout each 30-Day Evaluation Period to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility. The 30-Day Evaluation Period refers to the “Start Date” and “End Date” set forth on the APY Details page of your account, which comprises a period of 30 calendar days (the “30-Day Evaluation Period”). You can access the APY Details page at any time by logging into your SoFi account on the SoFi mobile app or SoFi website and selecting either (i) Banking > Savings > Current APY or (ii) Banking > Checking > Current APY. Upon receiving an Eligible Direct Deposit or receipt of $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits to your account, you will begin earning 3.80% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% on checking balances on or before the following calendar day. You will continue to earn these APYs for (i) the remainder of the current 30-Day Evaluation Period and through the end of the subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period and (ii) any following 30-day Evaluation Periods during which SoFi Bank determines you to have Eligible Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits without interruption.

SoFi Bank reserves the right to grant a grace period to account holders following a change in Eligible Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits activity before adjusting rates. If SoFi Bank grants you a grace period, the dates for such grace period will be reflected on the APY Details page of your account. If SoFi Bank determines that you did not have Eligible Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits during the current 30-day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, then you will begin earning the rates earned by account holders without either Eligible Direct Deposit or Qualifying Deposits until SoFi Bank recognizes Eligible Direct Deposit activity or receives $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits in a subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period. For the avoidance of doubt, an account holder with both Eligible Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits will earn the rates earned by account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit.

Separately, SoFi members who enroll in SoFi Plus by paying the SoFi Plus Subscription Fee every 30 days can also earn 3.80% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. For additional details, see the SoFi Plus Terms and Conditions at https://www.sofi.com/terms-of-use/#plus.

Members without either Eligible Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits, as determined by SoFi Bank, during a 30-Day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, or who do not enroll in SoFi Plus by paying the SoFi Plus Subscription Fee every 30 days, will earn 1.00% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances.

Interest rates are variable and subject to change at any time. These rates are current as of 1/24/25. There is no minimum balance requirement. Additional information can be found at http://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.
*Awards or rankings from NerdWallet are not indicative of future success or results. This award and its ratings are independently determined and awarded by their respective publications.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.


Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

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What Is a Synthetic CDO?

By | invest, Investing | Comments Off on What Is a Synthetic CDO?

A synthetic CDO is a type of collateralized debt obligation that invests in non-cash derivatives, such as credit swaps, options, and insurance contracts, without owning the underlying assets.

Synthetic CDOs are a type of collateralized debt obligation; both are considered alternative investments and are high-risk due to their complexity. Unlike regular CDOs, which are pooled investments in traditional types of debt, like loans, mortgages, and bonds, synthetic CDOs are invested in non-cash derivatives, which may have a higher risk of default.

Synthetic CDOs are typically not available to retail investors. They are often viewed as controversial, as many have cited them as a contributor to the 2008 financial crisis and subprime mortgage collapse. Here’s a closer look at how synthetic CDOs work and the risks associated with investing in them.

Key Points

•   A synthetic CDO invests in credit derivatives, like credit swaps, without owning underlying assets.

•   Synthetic CDOs have tranches reflecting different risk levels, with higher ratings indicating lower risk as well as lower returns.

•   Due to their complexity and risk, synthetic CDOs are used mainly by institutional investors.

•   Synthetic CDO instruments are considered high-risk, in part due to market risk and the potential for the underlying assets to default.

•   Synthetic CDOs have been criticized for contributing to the subprime mortgage collapse that led to the 2008 financial crisis.

What Is a Collateralized Debt Obligation (CDO)?

CDO and synthetic CDO are two distinct products. A CDO or collateralized debt obligation is a type of derivative investment, meaning it derives its value from an underlying financial asset or pool of assets. Those assets can include loans, bonds, and other types of debt.

How Does a CDO Work?

Many borrowers may be familiar with the term “collateral”; in finance it refers to the security that lenders typically require in return for offering loan products. With CDOs, the collateral would be the payments from the underlying loans, bonds, and other types of debt.

Because debt payments tend to be predictable, the appeal of CDOs is the potential for cash flow. But the risk in these types of financial assets lies in the potential for default.

CDOs are considered derivatives as their value (and price) derives from the underlying bonds and loans. In essence, a CDO is a bundle of debt that’s sold to investors on the secondary market. Rather than individual investors, CDOs are typically sold to institutional investors, such as insurance companies or investment banks.

Different Categories of CDOs

Collateralized debt obligations are considered a type of alternative asset, in that they’re not part of the world of traditional securities like stocks and bonds.

CDO categories may include:

•   Mortgage-backed securities, which are comprised of mortgage loans

•   Asset-backed securities, which invest in non-mortgage debt, such as credit cards or car loans

•   Collateralized bond obligations, which hold a mix of bonds1

CDOs are assigned a tranche or class which signifies the level of risk and reward. The highest rating is AAA, which signifies the lowest risk but correspondingly, the lowest yields.

CDOs and the Financial Crisis

CDOs contributed to the 2008 financial crisis because many of them concentrated holdings in high-risk assets, namely, subprime mortgages. Banks flocked to CDOs because they offered diversification and generated cash flow, which was used to make new loans.

When the housing bubble burst, however, declining home values led many borrowers to default on their subprime loans. That resulted in a rapid cooling of the CDO market and substantial losses for banks.

💡 Quick Tip: All investments come with some degree of risk — and some are riskier than others. Before investing online, decide on your investment goals and how much risk you want to take.

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Understanding Synthetic CDOs

Synthetic investments attempt to generate cash flow without ownership of the underlying assets. What is a synthetic CDO? It’s an investment vehicle that offers investors exposure to non-cash credit derivatives, such as credit swaps, insurance contracts, or options.

Like regular CDOs, synthetic CDOs are assigned tranches relative to the level of risk they present. The higher the credit rating, the lower the risk, but the return profile is also lower.

How a Synthetic CDO Works

How does a synthetic CDO work? It depends on the underlying investments but for simplicity’s sake, let’s consider a typical synthetic CDO that invests in credit default swaps. A credit default swap is a contract in which a buyer pays a premium to the seller, and the seller agrees to pay a lump sum to the buyer if the underlying credit instrument defaults.

In this type of arrangement, the seller of the synthetic CDO assumes a long position, betting that the underlying assets will perform as expected. The buyer assumes a short position, betting that the underlying assets will default. If the asset defaults, the buyer is entitled to a payout from the seller.

Recommended: Stock Market Basics

Investing in Synthetic CDOs

Synthetic CDOs are not designed for the everyday investor. If you’re opening a brokerage account, for example, you won’t find them offered alongside individual stocks or exchange-traded funds (ETFs).

More often, synthetic CDOs are the domain of institutional investors like banks or insurance companies. That’s appropriate, given how complex — and often confusing — these products are.

Individual investors who are interested in diversifying their asset allocation with alternative investments can gain exposure to credit default swaps outside of a synthetic CDO. For example, you might invest in an ETF or mutual fund that holds credit default swaps as an underlying asset.

There are, however, some stipulations. Venturing into this type of alternative investment is generally not recommended for investors who don’t fully understand how they work or the risks involved.

What Are Alternative Investments?

Alternative investments, sometimes called alts, refer to non-traditional assets that fall outside the realm of stocks, bonds, and cash. Alts may include commodities, real estate, private equity, hedge funds, and other instruments like CDOs.

Alts typically have little or no correlation with traditional asset classes. Thus they can be appealing to some investors because they may offer some portfolio diversification, and the potential for higher risk-adjusted returns.

That said, alts tend to be illiquid, not transparent, not well-regulated, and high risk.

Risks of Investing in Synthetic CDOs

Like most types of alternative investments, synthetic CDOs carry elevated levels of risk for investors.

Some of the most significant risks include:

•   Lack of transparency and limited federal regulation

•   Credit risk and the potential for default of underlying assets

•   Liquidity risk and the difficulties in buying and selling synthetic CDO positions

•   Modeling risk, which can result in incorrect assumptions about the value of underlying assets

•   Market risk, or the risk of changes in the value of underlying assets

While the market has changed in the years since the financial crisis, and federal regulations now exist to protect investors from a repeat of those events, the risks of synthetic CDOs and CDOs in general can’t be discounted.

The Takeaway

Synthetic CDOs are a complicated way to build a portfolio. If you’re looking for a way to diversify, you can invest in stocks, ETFs, private credit, commodities, and even IPOs through an online brokerage account.

SoFi does not offer CDO investments at this time, but it does provide access to a range of alternative investment funds. You can choose what to invest in, based on your risk tolerance and goals.

Ready to expand your portfolio's growth potential? Alternative investments, traditionally available to high-net-worth individuals, are accessible to everyday investors on SoFi's easy-to-use platform. Investments in commodities, real estate, venture capital, and more are now within reach. Alternative investments can be high risk, so it's important to consider your portfolio goals and risk tolerance to determine if they're right for you.


Invest in alts to take your portfolio beyond stocks and bonds.

FAQ

What is the main purpose of a synthetic CDO?

The main purpose of a synthetic CDO is to allow investors to gain exposure to an underlying credit asset without owning it. Synthetic CDOs that invest in credit default swaps allow a buyer and seller to take short and long positions respectively to bet on the behavior and performance of an underlying asset.

How do synthetic CDOs differ from traditional CDOs?

Traditional CDOs invest in debt instruments or securities, such as mortgage loans, credit card debt, or auto loans. Synthetic CDOs primarily invest in credit instruments, such as credit default swaps or options.

What are the risks associated with investing in synthetic CDOs?

Synthetic CDOs are subject to credit risk, market risk, and liquidity risk. If the underlying asset doesn’t perform as expected, that can result in losses for the buyer or seller.

About the author

Rebecca Lake

Rebecca Lake

Rebecca Lake has been a finance writer for nearly a decade, specializing in personal finance, investing, and small business. She is a contributor at Forbes Advisor, SmartAsset, Investopedia, The Balance, MyBankTracker, MoneyRates and CreditCards.com. Read full bio.


Photo credit: iStock/akinbostanci

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Disclaimer: The projections or other information regarding the likelihood of various investment outcomes are hypothetical in nature, do not reflect actual investment results, and are not guarantees of future results.
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Guide to Yankee Certificates of Deposit

Guide to Yankee Certificates of Deposit

By | Growing Wealth, Investing, money | Comments Off on Guide to Yankee Certificates of Deposit

A Yankee certificate of deposit is a special type of CD that’s issued domestically by a branch of a foreign bank.

Yankee CDs, sometimes referred to as YCDs in finance, have several features that set them apart from other types of CDs, including higher minimum deposit requirements, short terms, and a lack of FDIC protection.

For those reasons, it’s helpful to understand how a Yankee certificate of deposit investment works and the potential risks involved.

What Is a Yankee Certificate of Deposit?

To understand what a Yankee certificate of deposit is, it’s helpful to know how a certificate of deposit works in general.

A regular CD is a deposit account that requires investors to lock up their cash for a fixed period of time (typically a few months to a few years), and in exchange pays a higher interest rate than a traditional savings account and as much or more than a high-yield savings account.

CDs purchased at a bank are generally FDIC insured up to $250,000 (CDs bought at a credit union are insured by the National Credit Union Association up to the same amount).

By contrast, a Yankee certificate of deposit is a CD account that’s issued by a branch of a foreign bank in the U.S., to U.S. customers. In general, the term of a Yankee certificate deposit is less than a year, and the minimum deposit required is more in line with a jumbo CD.

So, for example, a Canadian bank that has branches in the U.S. could offer Yankee CDs to U.S. residents. Even though the CDs would be issued by a foreign bank, they would still be subject to U.S. regulation by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) and the Federal Reserve Board. But a Yankee certificate of deposit would not be federally insured.

Foreign banks that operate in the U.S. can issue Yankee CDs in order to generate capital for making loans or investments. These CDs can be purchased at issuance or on the secondary market.

Recommended: What is Liquid Net Worth

How Yankee CDs Work

As noted above, Yankee CDs work much the same as other types of deposit accounts that are CDs. There are some differences, however, with regard to:

•   Minimum deposits

•   Interest rates

•   Maturity terms

•   Investment risk

Minimum Deposits

Though you might be able to invest in a standard CD with $500 or $1,000, a Yankee certificate of deposit investment might require an initial deposit of $1 million or more. Scotiabank, for instance, issues its Yankee CDs in increments of $250,000 while UBS requires a $1 million minimum deposit for Yankee CDs offered through its Stamford, CT, branch.

A CD of this size issued by a U.S. institution could be categorized as a negotiable CD or NCD. NCDs have a face value of $100,000 or more. But Yankee CDs are not negotiable CDs because they are not FDIC insured.

Fixed and Variable Rates

Interest rates for Yankee CDs may be fixed or variable, which is another difference from other CDs which typically offer a fixed rate, making them more predictable instruments for fixed-income investors.

Shorter Terms

Maturity terms for a Yankee certificate of deposit tend to be shorter (one to three years, depending on the issuer), while regular CDs can have terms ranging from 28 days up to 10 years. The investor cannot access their cash until the CD matures, without triggering an early withdrawal penalty.

Potential Risk

Perhaps the biggest difference between Yankee CDs and other types of CDs is the level of risk involved. Generally speaking, CDs are considered to be safe investments since they offer a practically guaranteed rate of return, and deposits are federally insured up to a certain amount. Yankee CDs, on the other hand, carry certain risks including credit risk and the possibility of lower-than-expected returns if you’re choosing a variable-rate option.

Recommended: Average Savings by Age

Why Does a Yankee CD Matter?

Yankee CDs are not something the everyday investor is likely to be concerned with. After all, most people don’t have $1 million or $50 million to invest into a single CD.

If you’re able to invest in a Yankee CD, however, it’s possible that you could earn a higher rate of return for your money. That could be important to you if you’re working on building wealth and want to diversify your portfolio.

Are CDs smart investments? They can be, if you’re comfortable leaving money in a CD account until it reaches maturity. Again, with a Yankee certificate of deposit you may be looking at a one- to three-year wait until the CD matures. So given the higher deposit requirements involved, it’s important to consider how comfortable you are typing up larger amounts for that long, and what kind of return you can expect.

From a banking perspective, Yankee CDs matter because they’re a source of capital for foreign banks, which may need U.S. dollars to cover domestic obligations.

Yankee CDs: Real World Example

Scotiabank is one example of a Canadian bank that offers Yankee CDs to U.S.-based savers. The bank, headquartered in Toronto, offers both floating-rate and fixed- rate Yankee certificates of deposit. The bank’s floating-rate products have maturity terms ranging from two to three years, with minimum deposits of $250,000 and target principal amounts ranging from $50 million to $90 million.

The fixed-rate Yankee CD earns an impressive yield and requires a minimum deposit of $250,000, with a target principal amount of $100 million. The maturity period for this CD is also two years. Scotiabank offers these CDs exclusively to institutional investors who are accredited.

Special Considerations for Yankee CDs

There are two important things to keep in mind with a Yankee certificate of deposit investment. First, investors assume a certain amount of credit risk with these CDs.

The quality of these CDs is determined by the credit rating of the issuing bank. Banks with lower credit ratings may be more likely to default on financial obligations, including the payment of interest to CD holders. Tying up large amounts of money in Yankee certificates of deposit issued by banks with questionable credit ratings could therefore be risky.

Second, it’s important to keep in mind that FDIC protection does not apply to these CDs. Ordinarily, CDs issued at FDIC-insured banks are protected up to $250,000 per depositor, per financial institution, per account ownership type, in the rare event that the bank fails. With Yankee CDs, you don’t have that reassurance that your money is safe should the worst happen.

How to Open a Yankee CD

Opening a Yankee isn’t that different from opening any other type of CD. Here are the main steps involved:

•   Locate banks that offer Yankee CDs in the U.S.

•   Compare the Yankee certificates of deposit available, including the minimum deposit and interest rate.

•   Complete the application to open an account.

•   Make your initial deposit.

As noted, it’s important to choose a financial institution with good credit ratings. So you may want to take the additional step of checking credit ratings to measure the bank’s financial health and strength.

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Alternatives to Yankee CDs

If you’re looking for CD options that may be more accessible than Yankee CDs, there are some other possibilities. You could use any of the following to reach your savings goals:

•   Standard CDs. A standard CD is a regular CD offered by a bank or credit union that pays interest and has a reasonable minimum deposit.

•   Jumbo CDs. Jumbo CDs are similar to standard CDs but have larger minimum deposit requirements. For example, you may need $10,000 or more to open a jumbo CD.

•   No-penalty CDs. A no-penalty CD allows you to withdraw money from your CD before its maturity date without triggering an early withdrawal penalty.

•   Bump up CDs. Raise your rate or bump up CDs allow you to raise your interest rate once or twice during the CD term. This type of CD might be attractive if you expect rates to rise.

•   Add-on CDs. An add-on CD allows you to make additional deposits to your account after your CD has been opened. Ordinarily, CDs don’t allow additional deposits.

You may also consider CD-secured loans if you’re interested in a CD product that can help you build credit. With a CD-secured loan your CD serves as collateral. Your money stays in the CD until maturity, earning interest. Meanwhile, you make payments to the loan which can be reported to the credit bureaus.

Once the CD matures, you can withdraw the principal and interest or roll it into a new CD. You also get the benefit of on-time payment history, which can help to improve your credit score.

The Takeaway

A Yankee certificate of deposit is issued domestically by a branch of a foreign bank to U.S. investors. Yankee CDs are designed to help investors earn a solid return while allowing foreign banks to raise capital via U.S. investors. Due to their high minimum deposit requirements (as much as $1 million or more), these CDs may be better suited to some investors than others; they’re sometimes restricted to institutional investors.

Yankee CDs may offer competitive rates, but they are not federally insured like most U.S.-issued CDs.
If a Yankee CD doesn’t suit your needs, you might want to consider alternatives, such as a regular CD or a high-yield checking account or checking and savings account instead.

Interested in opening an online bank account? When you sign up for a SoFi Checking and Savings account with direct deposit, you’ll get a competitive annual percentage yield (APY), pay zero account fees, and enjoy an array of rewards, such as access to the Allpoint Network of 55,000+ fee-free ATMs globally. Qualifying accounts can even access their paycheck up to two days early.


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FAQ

Can you lose money on a certificate of deposit?

Certificates of deposit (CDs) are generally a safe, secure way to save money. It’s possible, however, to lose money with a Yankee CD if the bank that issued it is unable to meet its financial obligations and pay interest to investors as scheduled.

What are the cons of a certificate of deposit?

Certificates of deposit may offer lower rates of return compared to other investments, which means your money might have less potential for growth. With bank CDs, savers may face early withdrawal penalties if they take money from their accounts before the CD matures.

How do I redeem a certificate of deposit?

If your CD is reaching maturity or you need to withdraw money for any other reason, you can visit a branch to redeem your CD or do so online if your bank allows it. You’ll need to specify how much money you want to withdraw and where that money should be sent if you’re redeeming CDs online.

About the author

Rebecca Lake

Rebecca Lake

Rebecca Lake has been a finance writer for nearly a decade, specializing in personal finance, investing, and small business. She is a contributor at Forbes Advisor, SmartAsset, Investopedia, The Balance, MyBankTracker, MoneyRates and CreditCards.com. Read full bio.


Photo credit: iStock/utah778


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SoFi members with Eligible Direct Deposit activity can earn 3.80% annual percentage yield (APY) on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Eligible Direct Deposit means a recurring deposit of regular income to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government benefit payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Eligible Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below).

Although we do our best to recognize all Eligible Direct Deposits, a small number of employers, payroll providers, benefits providers, or government agencies do not designate payments as direct deposit. To ensure you're earning 3.80% APY, we encourage you to check your APY Details page the day after your Eligible Direct Deposit arrives. If your APY is not showing as 3.80%, contact us at 855-456-7634 with the details of your Eligible Direct Deposit. As long as SoFi Bank can validate those details, you will start earning 3.80% APY from the date you contact SoFi for the rest of the current 30-day Evaluation Period. You will also be eligible for 3.80% APY on future Eligible Direct Deposits, as long as SoFi Bank can validate them.

Deposits that are not from an employer, payroll, or benefits provider or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, or are non-recurring in nature (e.g., IRS tax refunds), do not constitute Eligible Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Eligible Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate. SoFi members with Eligible Direct Deposit are eligible for other SoFi Plus benefits.

As an alternative to Direct Deposit, SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits can earn 3.80% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Qualifying Deposits means one or more deposits that, in the aggregate, are equal to or greater than $5,000 to an account holder’s SoFi Checking and Savings account (“Qualifying Deposits”) during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Qualifying Deposits only include those deposits from the following eligible sources: (i) ACH transfers, (ii) inbound wire transfers, (iii) peer-to-peer transfers (i.e., external transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc. and internal peer-to-peer transfers from a SoFi account belonging to another account holder), (iv) check deposits, (v) instant funding to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, (vi) push payments to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, and (vii) cash deposits. Qualifying Deposits do not include: (i) transfers between an account holder’s Checking account, Savings account, and/or Vaults; (ii) interest payments; (iii) bonuses issued by SoFi Bank or its affiliates; or (iv) credits, reversals, and refunds from SoFi Bank, N.A. (“SoFi Bank”) or from a merchant. SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits are not eligible for other SoFi Plus benefits.

SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder’s Eligible Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits throughout each 30-Day Evaluation Period to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility. The 30-Day Evaluation Period refers to the “Start Date” and “End Date” set forth on the APY Details page of your account, which comprises a period of 30 calendar days (the “30-Day Evaluation Period”). You can access the APY Details page at any time by logging into your SoFi account on the SoFi mobile app or SoFi website and selecting either (i) Banking > Savings > Current APY or (ii) Banking > Checking > Current APY. Upon receiving an Eligible Direct Deposit or receipt of $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits to your account, you will begin earning 3.80% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% on checking balances on or before the following calendar day. You will continue to earn these APYs for (i) the remainder of the current 30-Day Evaluation Period and through the end of the subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period and (ii) any following 30-day Evaluation Periods during which SoFi Bank determines you to have Eligible Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits without interruption.

SoFi Bank reserves the right to grant a grace period to account holders following a change in Eligible Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits activity before adjusting rates. If SoFi Bank grants you a grace period, the dates for such grace period will be reflected on the APY Details page of your account. If SoFi Bank determines that you did not have Eligible Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits during the current 30-day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, then you will begin earning the rates earned by account holders without either Eligible Direct Deposit or Qualifying Deposits until SoFi Bank recognizes Eligible Direct Deposit activity or receives $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits in a subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period. For the avoidance of doubt, an account holder with both Eligible Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits will earn the rates earned by account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit.

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