A woman in a cafe checks her mobile phone while working on her laptop.

Personal Loan vs Personal Line of Credit

When comparing a personal loan vs. a personal line of credit, both sources of funding can be used for a variety of expenses and typically require a hard credit check during the application process. However, there are also differences: specifically, in how the loan funds are disbursed to the borrower and how the credit is repaid.

Here, learn more about deciding whether a personal loan or a personal line of credit might be right for you.

Key Points

•   Personal loans offer a lump sum with fixed interest and payments, ideal for large, one-time expenses.

•   Personal lines of credit provide flexible, ongoing borrowing with interest rates and fees assessed.

•   Responsible borrowing includes timely repayments, low credit utilization, and avoiding high debt levels.

•   Consider financial needs, interest rates, fees, and credit impact when choosing between options.

•   Use calculators to compare total costs and make the best financial choice.

What Is a Personal Line of Credit and How Does It Work?

A personal line of credit (LOC) is a type of revolving credit similar to a credit card. But funds are typically accessed by writing checks provided by the lender or requesting a funds transfer to your checking account instead of by using a card.

An LOC typically allows the borrower to withdraw funds repeatedly, up to the credit limit. Any funds that are withdrawn are subject to repayment with interest. When they are repaid, they can be accessed again up to your particular credit limit. There may be a limit on the number of years the line of credit is available.

Additional points to know:

•   Some lenders may assess fees associated with an LOC. There may be a maintenance charge for inactive accounts. There may also be ongoing fees, monthly or annual, even if the LOC is being used. Some other expenses may include application fees, check processing fees, and late fees, among others. It’s important to be aware of any potential fees before you sign an LOC agreement.

•   Personal lines of credit are usually unsecured, although you may be able to put up collateral to get a lower interest rate. A home equity line of credit, or HELOC, is an example of a secured line of credit.

•   Typically, a personal LOC will be offered by a bank or credit union, and you might have to have another account with the lending institution to be considered for an LOC.

•   If your LOC is unsecured, the interest rate will probably be variable, which means it could go up or down during the loan’s term, and your payments could vary. But you’ll only be charged interest on the amount you withdraw. If you’re not using any LOC funds, you won’t be charged interest.

If you expect to have ongoing expenses or if you have a big expense (like a wedding or home renovation) but don’t know what your final budget will be, this type of borrowing might be a useful financial tool.

A personal LOC also may be the right fit if you need some flexibility with your borrowing. For example, self-employed workers who know they’ll be paid by a client but aren’t sure exactly when, can tap into their line of credit to pay expenses while they wait. They can pay that money back when they receive payment from the client, and they won’t have to use high-interest credit cards or borrow from other savings to make ends meet.

Of course, there are downsides to that easy-to-access money. Here’s a closer look:

•   Since unsecured lines of credit are considered by lenders to be riskier than their secured counterparts, it can be more difficult to qualify at a favorable interest rate.

•   Once you have access, it may be tempting to use the funds for purposes other than originally planned. Keeping in mind the intended purpose for the funds may help you stick to it and not use the funds for other purchases.

Pros and Cons of Personal Lines of Credit

Having funds that can be accessed as needed can be helpful. But there are also some drawbacks to consider. Take a look at how the pros and cons stack up for personal lines of credit.

Pros of Personal Lines of Credit

•   Easy access to funds.

•   Open-ended vs. set distribution of money.

•   Minimal limits on use of funds.

•   Can be useful for ongoing expenses.

Cons of Personal Lines of Credit

•   May have a higher interest rate than other forms of credit.

•   Typically are unsecured, so may be more difficult to qualify for than other forms of credit.

•   Interest rate could be variable, presenting a budgeting challenge.

•   Ease of access can be tempting to use for impulse shopping.

What Is a Personal Loan and How Does It Work?

A personal loan, on the other hand, is a fixed amount of money disbursed to the borrower in a lump sum. If the loan has a fixed interest rate, as is typical for personal loans, the payments are in fixed installments for the term of the loan. If the loan has a variable interest rate, the monthly payments may fluctuate as the interest rate changes in accordance with market rates.

Because personal loans typically have lower interest rates than credit cards, they’re often used to pay off other debts such as home and car repairs or medical bills, or to consolidate other higher-interest debts such as credit card balances into one manageable — and potentially lower — monthly payment.

Here are some more ways these loans are often used:

•   A personal loan can be a helpful tool for debt consolidation. If you can qualify for a personal loan that has a lower interest rate than your other outstanding debts, you may be able to save money in the long run by consolidating those debts. In order for this financial strategy to work, it’s important to stop using the old sources of credit to avoid going deeper into debt.

•   A personal loan also could be a suitable choice for paying for a wedding or home renovation. But it’s important that you feel confident about being able to repay the loan on time and in full. If you don’t responsibly manage a personal loan — or any kind of debt, for that matter — your credit can be adversely affected.

•   You can apply for a secured or unsecured personal loan. A secured loan, which is backed by collateral, is typically considered less of a risk by lenders than an unsecured loan is. Collateral is an asset the borrower owns — a vehicle, real estate, savings account, or other item of value. If the borrower fails to repay a secured loan, the lender has the right to take possession of the asset that was put up as collateral.

Here are a few more points about how the process of getting a personal loan can work:

•   An applicant’s overall creditworthiness will be considered during the approval process. Generally, an applicant with a higher credit score will qualify for a lower interest rate, and vice versa.

•   Some lenders charge personal loan fees such as origination fees or prepayment penalty fees. Before signing a loan agreement, it’s important to be aware of any fees you may be charged.

Pros and Cons of Personal Loans

When you need a set amount of money for an expense, a personal loan can be a good choice. Along with the benefits of using this financial tool also come a few drawbacks to consider.

Pros of Personal Loans

•   May be a good choice for large, upfront expenses.

•   Typically have fixed interest rates.

•   Steady payments may be easier to budget for.

•   May have a lower interest rate than credit cards.

Cons of Personal Loans

•   Unsecured personal loans may have higher interest rates than other forms of secured credit.

•   May need a higher credit score to qualify for lower interest rates.

•   If not used responsibly, it can add to a person’s debt load instead of alleviating it.

•   May have fees.

Major Differences Between Personal Lines of Credit and Personal Loans

When you’re looking for the right source of funding for your financial needs, it can help to compare different types. Here are some specifics to consider when looking at personal LOCs and personal loans.

Personal Line of Credit

Personal Loan

Typically has a fixed interest rate More likely to have a variable interest rate
Fixed interest rate may make it easier to budget payments Variable interest rate may present a budgeting challenge
Fixed, lump sum Open-ended credit, up to approved limit
Interest is charged during entire loan term Interest is only charged on withdrawn amounts
Revolving debt Installment debt

Considering the Type of Debt

When you’re thinking about applying for a personal LOC or a personal loan, it’s important to consider the effect borrowing money can have on your credit score. If you borrow money without a repayment plan in place, you could run into trouble no matter which borrowing option you go for. But each is looked at differently by the credit bureaus.

A personal LOC is revolving debt, which means it will factor into your credit utilization ratio — how much you owe compared to the amount of credit that’s available to you. This can count as the second most weighty factor (at 30%) toward your score.

For a FICO® Score, keeping your total credit utilization rate below 30% is recommended. That means if your credit limit is $15,000, you would use no more than $4,500.

•  Using a large percentage of your available credit can have a negative effect on your credit score. And lenders may see you as a high-risk applicant because they may assume you’re close to maxing out your credit cards.

•  Using a small percentage of your available credit can work in your favor. If your credit utilization ratio is low (under 10%), it signifies to potential lenders that other lenders have determined you to be a good risk, but you don’t need to use the credit that’s been extended to you.

•  Having a low credit utilization rate by using just a little of your available credit could actually have a more positive effect on your credit score than not using any of it at all. Lenders generally look for signifiers of a healthy relationship with credit.

A personal loan is installment debt and isn’t considered in your credit utilization ratio. In fact, if you pay off your revolving debt with a personal loan, it potentially can lower your credit utilization ratio and have a positive effect on your credit score. A personal loan also can add some positive variety to your credit mix — something else that’s calculated into your credit score.

Personal LOC or Personal Loan: Which Is Right for You?

Before you decide to take out a line of credit or a personal loan, it’s wise to compare lenders. Look at the annual percentage rate and whether it’s fixed or variable. You can also take into account any fees you might have to pay, including origination fees, annual fees, access fees, prepayment penalties, and late payment fees.

Estimating the total cost of the loan until it’s paid in full, including the principal loan amount, interest owed, and any fees or penalties you could potentially be charged, will help you figure out how much the loan will actually cost you.

You might use an online personal loan calculator to help you assess these total costs.

The Takeaway

Deciding when and how to borrow money can be a tough decision. Personal loans and personal lines of credit each have their pros and cons. Personal lines of credit allow you to borrow up to a credit limit, while personal loans disburse a lump sum. Interest rates, fees, and other features may vary. It’s wise to consider your needs and options carefully, reading the fine print on possible offers.

Think twice before turning to high-interest credit cards. Consider a SoFi personal loan instead. SoFi offers competitive fixed rates and same-day funding. See your rate in minutes.


SoFi’s Personal Loan was named NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Personal Loan overall.

FAQ

Is it better to get a loan or use a line of credit?

Loans can be better suited for fixed expenses or one-time needs, while lines of credit can offer flexibility for repeated borrowing. Loans often carry lower interest rates but may involve higher upfront fees; lines of credit, on the other hand, may cost more over time due to variable rates and fees.

What are the downsides of a line of credit?

The interest rates for a personal line of credit may be higher than those charged on other sources of funding, and if the rate is variable, that can make budgeting more difficult. Also, there can be fees, such as an annual or monthly maintenance fee and transaction fees.

Does a line of credit hurt your credit score?

A line of credit can involve a hard credit pull when you apply, which can temporarily lower your credit score by several points. After that, how you manage your line of credit can determine how your credit score is impacted. Keeping your usage low and always paying on time can help build your score. Taking on too much debt and missing your payment due dates can lower your score.


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*Awards or rankings from NerdWallet are not indicative of future success or results. This award and its ratings are independently determined and awarded by their respective publications.

Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

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Sitting at a desk strewn with drawings and a laptop computer, two graphic designers look at a notepad one of them is holding.

How Much Does a Graphic Designer Make a Year?

If you have an interest in both art and technology as well as a knack for creating distinctive visual designs, you might consider a career as a graphic designer. On average, graphic designers make $68,610 a year on average in the U.S., according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

How much money a graphic designer makes, however, can vary widely depending on their education, experience, job location, and industry. But with a little career savvy, you can fulfill your creative passions without having to be a starving artist.

Key Points

•   The average salary for a graphic designer in the U.S. is $68,610 per year, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

•   Graphic designers’ salaries vary widely depending on their education, experience, job location, and industry.

•   Entry-level graphic designers can earn an average salary of $55,951, with a range of about $41,500 to $65,000 per year.

•   Specialized graphic designers, such as lead graphic designers and UI designers, can often earn higher average salaries.

•   Geographic location significantly influences graphic designers’ salaries, with California averaging $91,760 and West Virginia averaging $43,870 per year.

What Are Graphic Designers?

Graphic designers create visuals to bring ideas to life. They can render their projects by hand or by using design software. Graphic designers may get paid by the hour or earn a yearly salary working for a company.

Here’s a look at some of the duties you might have as a graphic designer.

•   Designing visual marketing materials: This may include creating brand logos, websites, brochures, advertisements, packaging, and other promotional materials.

•   Targeting an audience: Graphic designers must research and understand their target audience so their product can successfully communicate a client’s message.

•   Creating and editing images: This can include both illustrations and photographs.

•   Choosing colors, layout design, and typography: A graphic designer’s mission is to deliver a product that is effective and eye-catching.

•   Staying current: Designers need to be up-to-date with the latest design software and trends.

•   Maintaining deadlines: Graphic designers often need to juggle multiple projects while meeting strict deadlines.

Working as a graphic designer is generally not a job for introverted people. While you may do a fair amount of solo design work, you’ll likely be asked to collaborate with copy editors and marketing teams, meet with clients, and present designs to co-workers and clients for feedback.

Recommended: Best Low-Stress Jobs for Introverts With Anxiety

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How Much Do Starting Graphic Designers Make a Year?

While most entry-level graphic designers won’t initially get paid $100,000 a year, it is a position that requires a specific skill set, so you’re likely to earn more than the minimum wage. The average entry level graphic designer salary in the U.S. is $55,951 as of October 29, 2025, but the range typically falls between $41,500 and $65,000, according to ZipRecruiter.

💡 Quick Tip: When you have questions about what you can and can’t afford, a spending tracker app can show you the answer. With no guilt trip or hourly fee.

What is the Average Salary for a Graphic Designer?

On average, graphic designers make anywhere from $37,600 to $103,030, with the average falling at $68,610.

How much you can earn as a graphic designer ultimately depends on how much experience you have and what particular design niche you choose. For example, a lead graphic designer makes $91,161 per year on average, according to ZipRecruiter, while a user interface (UI) designer salary averages $100,548.

While working as a graphic designer is not one of the highest-paying jobs in the U.S., people with an interest in both technology and art can find this career deeply fulfilling. The job also provides the opportunity to continually tackle new projects, keeping the work fresh and challenging.

Recommended: What Is a Good Entry-Level Salary?

What is the Average Salary for a Graphic Designer?

Geographic location can influence how much money a graphic designer can make in the U.S. Here’s a look at the average graphic designer salary by state.

State Average Graphic Designer Salary
Alabama $53,630
Alaska $59,380
Arizona $59,910
Arkansas $53,010
California $91,760
Colorado $73,480
Connecticut $71,760
Delaware $58,540
Florida $62,750
Georgia $62,340
Hawaii $57,840
Idaho $55,710
Illinois $64,070
Indiana $63,490
Iowa $51,830
Kansas $55,520
Kentucky $53,540
Louisiana $49,380
Maine $59,100
Maryland $71,460
Massachusetts $80,030
Michigan $57,150
Minnesota $63,260
Mississippi $57,070
Missouri $56,450
Montana $61,990
Nebraska $57,000
Nevada $58,770
New Hampshire $62,370
New Jersey $74,200
New Mexico $62,570
New York $81,020
North Carolina $61,010
North Dakota $51,890
Ohio $58,930
Oklahoma $52,670
Oregon $71,950
Pennsylvania $61,600
Rhode Island $70,570
South Carolina $58,160
South Dakota $46,160
Tennessee $58,710
Texas $60,250
Utah $62,610
Vermont $68,440
Virginia $75,060
Washington $83,550
West Virginia $43,870
Wisconsin $60,140
Wyoming $50,770

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

Recommended: Is a $100,000 Salary Good?

Graphic Designer Job Considerations for Pay and Benefits

Within the field of graphic design, there are a number of specialty areas you might consider. Here’s a look at some of the most common types of graphic designers.

•   Web designers specialize in creating functional and visually appealing layouts, while ensuring the design elements are user-friendly.

•   User experience (UX) designers craft the user experience of mobile apps, websites, and other products.

•   User interface (UI) designers focus on the visual, interactive elements of apps, websites, and electronic devices to create aesthetically-pleasing interfaces.

•   Illustrators create visual designs for ad campaigns, magazines, books, and other media. Some may specialize in medical illustrations or children’s books.

•   Print designers come up with images and logos for brochures, business cards, and packaging materials.

•   Identity and branding designers create visual identities for companies and products.

•   Environmental graphic designers create visual designs for physical spaces, including museums, stores, and public spaces.

•   Motion graphic designers can work on animation and moving graphics for TV and movie title sequences, how-to videos, and more.

Degree requirements: To earn competitive pay, most aspiring graphic designers will need to obtain a bachelor’s degree from an accredited graphic design program. You may also need some additional technical training to meet hiring qualifications for the positions listed above.

Job benefits for a salaried graphic designer can include:

•   Health insurance

•   Dental insurance

•   Vision insurance

•   Vacation/sick leave

•   Retirement plan



💡 Quick Tip: Income, expenses, and life circumstances can change. Consider reviewing your budget a few times a year and making any adjustments if needed.

Pros and Cons of Being a Graphic Designer

Every job has its pluses and minuses. Here a look at some of the advantages and disadvantages of being a graphic designer.

Pros of Being a Graphic Designer

•   Creative fulfillment: Graphic designers get to stretch their artistic muscles by developing captivating visuals for their clients.

•   Good work-life balance: Salaried graphic designers typically work nine-to-five hours. Many have the opportunity to work from home.

•   Freelancing options: If you get tired of working in the same place with the same people, you can choose to freelance. Graphic design is a job you can do almost anywhere at any time.

•   Being part of a team: You’ll likely collaborate with design teams, clients, and marketing professionals.

•   Career longevity: As long as you stay current and on top of your game, you can work as a graphic designer at any age. You could even potentially pick up freelance work as a retiree.

Cons of Being a Graphic Designer

•   Sedentary lifestyle: Being a graphic designer doesn’t require the physical demands of a trade job. You’ll spend a lot of time behind a computer monitor.

•   Solitary work stints: While it’s true you’ll have chances to work with a creative team, much of your hour-to-hour creating happens alone.

•   Stressful deadlines: Even though office hours are typically nine to five, advertising campaigns and projects have hard deadlines you’ll be expected to meet.

•   Difficult clients: Clients may be critical of what you come up with, or they may constantly change their minds.

•   Limited advancement opportunities: Graphic designers tend to stay in their lane. However, you could be moved into a managerial position, and there is still the potential for pay raises every year.

The Takeaway

If you crave expressing yourself as a visual artist, working as a graphic designer can pay you an average of $68,610 a year for doing what you love.

Being a graphic designer also allows you to work in an energetic, collaborative atmosphere, while reaping creative and financial rewards.

Whatever career path you ultimately choose, you’ll want to make sure your potential earnings can cover your everyday living expenses. Try creating a budget and check out financial tools that can help track your spending.

Take control of your finances with SoFi. With our financial insights and credit score monitoring tools, you can view all of your accounts in one convenient dashboard. From there, you can see your various balances, spending breakdowns, and credit score. Plus you can easily set up budgets and discover valuable financial insights — all at no cost.

See exactly how your money comes and goes at a glance.

FAQ

Can you make $100k a year as a graphic designer?

The average salary for a general graphic designer is $68,610 in the U.S. While it’s not impossible to make $100,000, you would have to be at the top of your skill set and acquire some specialized experience.

Do people like being a graphic designer?

For many people, graphic design is a stimulating and rewarding career. Individuals who enjoy working on innovative, visual projects and collaborating with creative teams will probably like being a graphic designer.

Is it hard to get hired as a graphic designer?

Landing a job as a general graphic designer can be competitive. You may find it easier to get hired if you have a particular design specialty, such as UX (user experience), UI (user interface), or product design.


Photo credit: iStock/Moyo Studio

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This content is provided for informational and educational purposes only and should not be construed as financial advice.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Third Party Trademarks: Certified Financial Planner Board of Standards Center for Financial Planning, Inc. owns and licenses the certification marks CFP®, CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER®

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A female student sitting at a desk, writing in a notebook as she studies for the GMAT.

The Ultimate GMAT™ Study Plan

Gearing up for a Master of Business Administration program involves a lot of prep, especially when it comes to taking the GMAT™ — the Graduate Management Admission Test. It’s a standardized test that assesses potential business school students.

The GMAT was created by the Graduate Management Admission Council (GMAC) and is now the most widely used assessment for graduate management admissions.

It’s available in approximately 114 countries, used by more than 2,400 universities and institutions worldwide, and was taken by more than 78,000 students in 2024.

The exam is important for prospective MBA students because it may carry a lot of weight in the application, with some experts estimating it accounts for up to 22% of admissions decisions.

Because of this, getting prepared for the GMAT is crucial to getting into an MBA program.

Key Points

•   GMAT scores range from 205–805, with the quantitative reasoning, verbal reasoning, and data insights sections contributing to the total; the test is critical for MBA

•   Studying for 60+ hours is recommended, and most successful test takers prep for 3 to 6 months before taking the GMAT.

•   Practice exams are key for building familiarity, pacing, and confidence; aim to simulate real test conditions closely.

•   Study support helps — tutors, prep courses, or peer groups may improve accountability and offer feedback.

•   Paying for an MBA may involve federal aid, scholarships, working while studying, or private loans — each with pros and cons.

Important Facts About the GMAT

There are three sections in the GMAT: quantitative reasoning, verbal reasoning, and data insights. These sections consist of content relevant to today’s business opportunities and challenges.

The total score a student can receive for this exam will fall somewhere between 205 and 805, and it’s based on their performance on all three sections of the exam. Scores for each section are between 60 and 90, and each section is weighted equally.

The quantitative reasoning section measures mathematical ability, including algebra and arithmetic. There are 21 questions, and the answers to them rely on analysis and logic.

The verbal reasoning measures a student’s ability to read and comprehend material and to make and evaluate arguments. There are 23 questions in this section consisting of reading comprehension and critical reasoning.

The data insights section is new, and it measures student’s ability to interpret and analyze data and apply it to business scenarios. This section also measures digital and data literacy. There are 20 questions that may require math, verbal reasoning, data analysis, or all three of these skills.

Students’ unofficial scores will be displayed on-screen immediately after they finish the exam. They are not allowed to record or save their unofficial scores. An email with their official score will be sent to them.

A student’s GMAT score helps business schools evaluate how prepared they are for the rigors of MBA coursework. There is no set score that students must achieve to be accepted into a program, but students can figure out an estimate of how well they need to do by researching the average score accepted students got on their GMAT exam.

This can give prospective students a good idea of what score they should aim to receive to be considered for acceptance to a particular program.

Making a Study Plan

Making a GMAT study plan depends on when applications are due, which will differ by school.

It’s recommended that students take the exam at least three to four months before their application deadline. This will give students enough time to retake the test if necessary. The test can be taken up to five times within 12 months. There is now no limit on how many times a student can take the GMAT.

Once students know their application deadline, they can make a plan for when they want to take the exam. Exams are available year-round, and students can register to take it online at mba.com.

Each student will have to determine how much preparation is right for them, but usually, it’s recommended to spend three to six months preparing for the GMAT.

According to GMAC, the makers of the exam, the majority of test takers prep for at least 60 hours. Those who did so, scored 500 or higher on the test.

Studying more isn’t a guarantee of a high score, but it seems to help a majority of students find success. With this information, students can create a study plan that suits them and their timeline best.

Recommended: The Ultimate Guide to Studying in College

Study Tips for the GMAT

With 60 or more hours of preparation recommended, how can students best spend those hours?

Here are some tips on how to study for the GMAT that may help students make the best of their prep time.

Taking Practice Exams

Familiarity with the format of the test means there are few surprises. Students will be familiar with each section of the test, the order of the sections, and how the instructions are worded.

Studying the content is important, but so is knowing what to expect when test day comes.

The most effective way to use practice tests is to take one first and use it as a baseline so it’s easy to see where improvements need to be made and how much progress is being made after each consecutive practice test.

The GMAT takes two hours and 15 minutes. Each section is 45 minutes each, and there is one optional 10-minute break.

Taking practice exams is also a good way for students to learn how to pace themselves through each section of the test.

Recommended strategies are keeping a consistent pace throughout the entire exam, keeping in mind how many questions are in each section, and estimating how much time is allotted for each question.

•   The quantitative reasoning section includes 21 questions over 45 minutes.

•   The verbal reasoning section gives test takers 45 minutes for 23 questions.

•   The data reasoning section has 20 questions to be answered over 45 minutes.

Students may choose to use official GMAT exam prep packages, which vary in cost (one is free).

Hundreds of quantitative and verbal reasoning questions, as well as data reasoning questions can be accessed through these official packages.

Students can also purchase unofficial GMAT practice tests if they need more resources.

Tutoring and Peer Study Groups

For students who want extra help preparing for the GMAT, getting a private tutor, taking a prep course, or finding a study group may be options to consider.

A benefit to these strategies is the addition of regular feedback and accountability, which can help students stick to their GMAT study plan.

For students with a tighter budget, finding a GMAT support group and free practice exams may be more affordable routes.

Staying Healthy

Performing well during a stressful examination can be made easier by maintaining good physical and mental health. It’s recommended that students get plenty of rest in the days before the exam, as well as keep up a healthy diet.

Both rest and nutrition can impact physical wellbeing. Going into the GMAT in good physical condition can help students reduce stress and build confidence.

During practice tests, students can practice stress management techniques, which may make it easier to use them during the official test.

Test-taking anxiety is a common phenomenon, and each student may want to learn which coping techniques work best for them.

What About Finances?

Students who are considering an MBA program may be shocked when they see the high cost of tuition. According to the Education Data Initiative, the average cost of an MBA program is $62,820. However, this can range from $44,640 to over $71,000 depending on the school.

Options for decreasing the cost of earning an MBA may be getting a master’s degree online or getting financial aid to help cover the cost.

There are a few options when it comes to paying for graduate school.

Apply for Federal Financial Aid

Filling out the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA®) as a graduate student means the aid is given based on the student’s income, not their parents’. This could help students receive more federal aid than they did as undergraduates.

After submitting the FAFSA, students will receive a FAFSA submission summary, which provides information about their federal student aid eligibility.

The schools to which a student has applied and been accepted will send a financial aid package offer letter, and the student can decide whether to accept or decline the offer.

Federal student financial aid can come in the form of work-study, grants, or loans. Grants usually don’t need to be repaid, but loans do. Graduate students are not eligible for subsidized student loans, only unsubsidized, so interest will start accruing as soon as the loan is disbursed.

Recommended: Private Student Loans vs Federal Student Loans

Work a Part- or Full-time Job

Another option may be working while getting an MBA, with some employers helping to pay for tuition. There are more part-time and online MBA options than there used to be, making it easier for students to work while finishing school.

Apply for Scholarships

Students can also apply for scholarships through the school they are attending, as well as from private or professional organizations. Scholarships usually vary in their eligibility requirements, and it’s recommended that students seek out and apply for all they may be eligible for.

Use Private Student Loans

Another option for funding an MBA program may be private student loans. Private student loans do not come with the same benefits and protections that federal loans do, like income-driven repayment plans and student loan forgiveness. The interest rates and repayment options vary by lender, so students are encouraged to do their research carefully before considering this option.

It’s also possible to refinance student loans in the future. With refinancing, borrowers exchange their loans for a new private loan, ideally one with a lower interest rate if they qualify. That could help save them money.

Keep in mind, though, that refinancing federal student loans means you’ll no longer be eligible for federal benefits, including income-driven repayment plans and student loan forgiveness. If you’re currently using or plan on using federal benefits, it’s not recommended to refinance your federal student loans.

The Takeaway

Taking the GMAT requires months of study and prep work. Learning about the structure of the exam and familiarizing oneself with the kinds of questions asked is key. Students can take practice exams and join study or tutoring groups to prepare.

Another important issue to consider is how to afford an MBA program. Students can apply for financial aid, work full- or part-time, or take out and/or refinance student loans.
Figuring out how to prepare for and pay for graduate school can feel overwhelming, but fortunately, help is available for both.

Looking to lower your monthly student loan payment? Refinancing may be one way to do it — by extending your loan term, getting a lower interest rate than what you currently have, or both. (Please note that refinancing federal loans makes them ineligible for federal forgiveness and protections. Also, lengthening your loan term may mean paying more in interest over the life of the loan.) SoFi student loan refinancing offers flexible terms that fit your budget.


With SoFi, refinancing is fast, easy, and all online. We offer competitive fixed and variable rates.

FAQ

How long should I study for the GMAT?

It is recommended to study for three to six months for the GMAT. According to GMAC, the makers of the exam, students who studied for at least 60 hours scored 500 or higher on the exam. Creating a study plan and taking practice tests can help you prepare.

Is 600 a good GMAT score?

Yes, 600 is typically considered a pretty good GMAT score. The average score for all GMAT test takers is about 555. For the top 10 business schools, average scores range from 645 to 695; for the top 20 schools, scores range from 615 to 695.

When should I retake the GMAT?

You might consider retaking the GMAT if your score was below the average score of the schools you’d like to get into. You might also want to retake the test if your score was well below what you scored on practice tests. However, you must wait at least 16 days before retaking the GMAT.


SoFi Student Loan Refinance
Terms and conditions apply. SoFi Refinance Student Loans are private loans. When you refinance federal loans with a SoFi loan, YOU FORFEIT YOUR ELIGIBILITY FOR ALL FEDERAL LOAN BENEFITS, including all flexible federal repayment and forgiveness options that are or may become available to federal student loan borrowers including, but not limited to: Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF), Income-Based Repayment, Income-Contingent Repayment, extended repayment plans, PAYE or SAVE. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers.
Learn more at SoFi.com/eligibility. SoFi Refinance Student Loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891 (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org).

SoFi Private Student Loans
Please borrow responsibly. SoFi Private Student loans are not a substitute for federal loans, grants, and work-study programs. We encourage you to evaluate all your federal student aid options before you consider any private loans, including ours. Read our FAQs.

Terms and conditions apply. SOFI RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MODIFY OR DISCONTINUE PRODUCTS AND BENEFITS AT ANY TIME WITHOUT NOTICE. SoFi Private Student loans are subject to program terms and restrictions, such as completion of a loan application and self-certification form, verification of application information, the student's at least half-time enrollment in a degree program at a SoFi-participating school, and, if applicable, a co-signer. In addition, borrowers must be U.S. citizens or other eligible status, be residing in the U.S., Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands, or American Samoa, and must meet SoFi’s underwriting requirements, including verification of sufficient income to support your ability to repay. Minimum loan amount is $1,000. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. SoFi reserves the right to modify eligibility criteria at any time. This information is subject to change. This information is current as of 4/22/2025 and is subject to change. SoFi Private Student loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891 (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org).

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SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.


Non affiliation: SoFi isn’t affiliated with any of the companies highlighted in this article.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.


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A woman in her college library taking a break from studying and looking up information on student loan refunds on her phone.

Guide to Student Loan Refunds

It’s a common scenario for students (and sometimes their parents) to borrow student loans to help cover the costs of college. Tuition, housing, textbooks, and incidentals can really add up. But what happens if they take out more in loans than they actually need? In that case, they may receive a student loan refund.

A student loan refund is money that the borrower receives when the loan amount exceeds the amount of money required to pay for qualifying education expenses. The overage amount would come to them as a student loan refund in the form of direct deposit or a check.

Read on for more information on what a student loan refund is and what to do if you receive one.

Key Points

•   A student loan refund may be issued if a borrower took out more in student loans than they actually needed to pay for college expenses like tuition and fees.

•   Student loan refunds may be sent as a check or a direct deposit in the borrower’s bank account.

•   A college has 14 days to issue a refund payment if a student has a credit on their account.

•   In general, the school will contact the borrower to notify them that a refund will be sent to them.

•   Students may keep a student loan refund check, in which case the amount will need to be repaid with interest later, or they can return the refund.

What Is a Student Loan Refund?

To understand what a student loan refund is, it can be helpful to first look at what college financial aid is and how it is distributed to students. When a student or their parent pursues federal financial aid, such as federal student loans, that aid is distributed via a credit to the student’s account at their college.

Private student loans are distributed differently depending on the lender. Some private lenders may deliver the funds directly to the student. Others may choose to credit the student’s college account, similar to how federal aid is distributed.

Private or federal, this is where student loan refunds may come into play. Here’s how:

•  Student financial aid can cover costs such as tuition, room and board, and fees. On occasion, however, an aid distribution can lead to there being an additional credit in the student’s college account.

•  This happens if there is any excess money after paying for the necessary expenses. In that case, the student or parent will receive a student loan refund via a check or in the form of a direct deposit to their bank account.

•  An example of how this might happen is that funds are sent to the student’s school, where the student’s account only reflects tuition. But the amount was also intended to cover textbooks, which the student will buy separately. The overage in the student loan (the part meant to pay for the books) could then be sent to the student.

•  Or the additional amount might be a case of the student having borrowed more than they actually needed to afford their school costs for a particular time period. Perhaps they signed up for a class that wound up being canceled and are now taking a different class that carries fewer credits and less expense.

How to Get a Student Loan Refund

Whether a student or a parent takes out a federal student loan, the process of getting a student loan refund will generally look similar. Each semester, the school will typically review student accounts to determine if there are any eligible credit balances that can be refunded to the student.

If that is the case, here are some details to know:

•   The school has 14 days to issue a payment to the student if there is credit on their account. In some cases, schools may determine that credit balances should be applied to students’ future costs at the university.

•   In some cases, if the credit is not a result of the student receiving financial aid, the school may require that students request a refund. Follow the refund request process as determined by the school you attend.

•   In general, the school in question will contact the student or their parents in writing any time they distribute any loan money. The loan servicer will also provide confirmation that the loan money was delivered.

•   Alongside this notice, borrowers will generally also receive information on how to cancel part or all of the student loans. If the borrower realizes they don’t need the full loan amount, this may be an option they want to pursue.

•   Know that any amount refunded is still considered part of the total amount borrowed. So, borrowers who receive a portion of their student loans refunded would still be responsible for repaying that amount, with interest, if the refund is not canceled.

•   When it comes to federal student loans vs. private loans, the borrower can cancel all or part of their loan within 120 days of receiving it. They will incur no interest during this time and no fees will be charged.

The process of getting student loan refunds may vary when dealing with private lenders.

•   If the funds were received by the student to pay for qualified expenses, such as textbooks, the student can go ahead and use it for such purchases (more on this below).

Recommended: How and When to Combine Federal Student Loans and Private Loans

Common Student Loan Refund Mistakes

There are a few common pitfalls regarding private and federal student loan refunds that students and their parents should avoid. These include:

Moving Too Slow

Requesting a student loan refund is a bit of a time-sensitive process.

•   If someone realizes they won’t need the full amount of a federal student loan awarded before the funds are disbursed, they can actually request the school cancel the check or deposit before the need to process a refund even arises.

•   If the borrower realizes after distribution of a federal student loan that they don’t need all or any of the funds, they have 120 days after the loan disbursement date to return the funds without incurring interest or fees.

•   If a borrower misses both of these opportunities, the process of working with their school’s financial aid office to return the funds can become more complicated and time-consuming.

Not Establishing a Paper Trail

When making a student loan refund request, it may be a good idea to keep a paper trail of all requests and communication in order to establish a clear history of a desire to return the unused funds, if that is your situation. If things get lost in translation (which could happen), having a paper trail can be extremely helpful.

Overrelying on Student Loans

Some students and their parents might lean too heavily on student loans and may be able to get a bigger refund if they can find another way to finance any qualified education expenses. Student loans can be used to pay for academic and living expenses for the student while they’re in school.

However, pursuing other forms of financial support, such as a work-study program, can allow students to send more of their aid funds back, which will leave them with fewer loans when they graduate.

While it can be tempting to use a student loan refund to cover extra expenses like clothing and transportation — the less that is borrowed, the less that will be owed after graduation.

Just be sure that, if you receive a larger loan disbursement than what you actually need, you don’t wind up spending it on, say, dining out or entertainment while in school. While those activities are part of college life, paying for them with loan funds could be a misuse of your financial aid.

Recommended: What Happens If You Just Stop Paying Your Student Loans?

What to Do With a Student Loan Refund

When a student or their parents get a student loan refund, they have two main options. They can keep it or return it.

Keep the Student Loan Refund Check

The first option is to keep the refund. This money can be used as the borrower sees fit. Borrowers aren’t required to submit proof of what they spent the funds on which can make it tempting to spend the refund on expenses that aren’t necessarily required for education purposes.

Keep in mind, as noted above, that spending the funds on nonqualified expenses could be considered fraud and is not recommended. While it may feel appealing in the moment to use the funds, it may not be the wisest decision. Additionally, a student loan refund is still money that needs to be repaid with interest, so keeping that money may also not be in your best interest from a financial perspective either.

Return the Student Loan Refund Check

If the funds aren’t needed to pay for school, returning the refund check may be the most beneficial choice in the long run. Because, as mentioned, the money will have to be paid back (with interest) and spending it on unnecessary expenses can be quite a disservice to the borrower.

For details on returning your student loan refund check, contact the school’s financial aid office. If the borrower chooses to keep the student loan refund check or misses the deadline to return it, there are still some next steps available to them. One such option is to make a payment on their student loan balance.

Even though federal student loans don’t require payment until the student graduates, this can be one way to cut down student loan debt. The borrower can also use those funds for expenses in the next term and as a result, can choose to borrow less money for that term.


💡 Quick Tip: If you have student loans with variable rates, you may want to consider refinancing to secure a fixed rate in case rates rise. But if you’re willing to take a risk to potentially save on interest — and will be able to pay off your student loans quickly — you might consider a variable rate.

Refinancing Student Loans

Now, imagine that all your hard work has finally paid off. It’s time to cross that graduation stage. Once graduation day rolls around, students and their parents will begin to think about how they want to manage and pay off their student loan debt.

One option that can potentially lead to saving money on interest is to refinance student loans.

When someone refinances a student loan, they get a new private loan at a new interest rate and/or a new term. If a borrower initially had more than one student loan, refinancing leaves the borrower with only one monthly payment to make instead of multiple ones. The borrower might also qualify for a lower interest rate or choose a lower monthly payment for a longer term.

Keep in mind that if you refinance with an extended term, you may pay more interest over the life of the loan. Also know that if you refinance federal loans, you will forfeit federal benefits such as forgiveness and student loan deferment. For these reasons, refinancing may not be the right choice for all borrowers.

The Takeaway

If there are funds from student loans left over after all tuition and fees are paid, students may receive a student loan refund check. This check can be used to pay for other educational expenses, or it can be returned.

Keep in mind that unless the refund is returned, the money will need to be repaid with interest. Refinancing student loans can be an option for a borrower to explore when it’s time to start paying back what they have borrowed.

Looking to lower your monthly student loan payment? Refinancing may be one way to do it — by extending your loan term, getting a lower interest rate than what you currently have, or both. (Please note that refinancing federal loans makes them ineligible for federal forgiveness and protections. Also, lengthening your loan term may mean paying more in interest over the life of the loan.) SoFi student loan refinancing offers flexible terms that fit your budget.


With SoFi, refinancing is fast, easy, and all online. We offer competitive fixed and variable rates.

FAQ

Why did I receive a student loan refund check?

It’s likely that you received a student loan refund check because the amount you borrowed in student loans exceeded the expenses your college billed you for, including tuition and fees. You can check with your school’s financial aid office to find out exactly why you received the refund.

When should I expect my student loan refund check?

Typically, borrowers will get a student loan refund within 14 days after the financial aid office at their school has applied the loan funds to their qualified education expenses and then processed the credited amount. A check will likely take longer to receive than a refund that’s directly deposited in the borrower’s bank account.

How do I know if I got a student loan refund?

Your school should notify you that you are getting a student loan refund. You can also check your account on your school’s online portal — the information should be listed there. Finally, you can contact your school’s financial aid office directly and ask them whether you are getting a refund.


SoFi Student Loan Refinance
Terms and conditions apply. SoFi Refinance Student Loans are private loans. When you refinance federal loans with a SoFi loan, YOU FORFEIT YOUR ELIGIBILITY FOR ALL FEDERAL LOAN BENEFITS, including all flexible federal repayment and forgiveness options that are or may become available to federal student loan borrowers including, but not limited to: Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF), Income-Based Repayment, Income-Contingent Repayment, extended repayment plans, PAYE or SAVE. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers.
Learn more at SoFi.com/eligibility. SoFi Refinance Student Loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891 (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org).

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.


Non affiliation: SoFi isn’t affiliated with any of the companies highlighted in this article.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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Average US Salary by State and Year

Average US Salary by State

The average salary in the U.S. is $66,622, according to the latest data from the Social Security Administration. How your salary compares will depend on your industry and skilI set, as you’d expect. What you might not realize is that your salary is also greatly influenced by where you live, since salaries go hand in hand with the cost of living.

Here’s a closer look at the average salary in the U.S. and how income varies from state to state.

Key Points

•   The average salary in the US varies depending on factors like occupation, location, and experience.

•   Recent data indicate an average household income of $66,622 in the U.S.

•   The cost of living and regional differences can impact salary levels across the country.

•   High-paying states are typically on the East and West coasts, while pay tends to be lower in the South.

•   It’s important to research salary ranges for specific occupations and locations when considering job opportunities.

What Is the Average US Salary (2025)

The national average salary is $63,795. That is the sum of all incomes divided by the number of workers. Where someone lives, their industry, education level, and current demand for that job all contribute to how much a worker earns per year.


💡 Quick Tip: Online tools make tracking your spending a breeze: You can easily set up budgets, then get instant updates on your progress, spot upcoming bills, analyze your spending habits, and more.

Check your credit score for free. Sign up and get $10.*

and get $10 in rewards points on us.


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Average Salary vs Median Salary: What’s the Difference?

The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) provides data on median pay. As of Q4 2024, the median weekly earnings of full-time workers was $1,192, or $61,984 per year. The median is the midpoint in the data set, with 50% of incomes falling above that figure, and 50% below.

Why are the average and median income figures different? With averages, unusually high or low numbers can skew the results. For instance, multi-millionaires or billionaires might drive the average higher than what the typical worker actually makes. The median is less affected by outliers.

US Average and Median Salary by State in 2025

The following chart shows both the average and median income (in single income households) in each state, according to data from Forbes and the U.S. Census Bureau.

State

Average

Median

Alabama $53,394 $59,605
Alaska $66,130 $82,512
Arizona $63,045 $66,340
Arkansas $51,251 $54,658
California $76,960 $74,819
Colorado $71,968 $77,331
Connecticut $73,736 $81,285
Delaware $65,998 $75,674
Florida $60,216 $62,973
Georgia $61,256 $62,468
Hawaii $65,042 $78,745
Idaho $55,640 $68,781
Illinois $67,122 $66,950
Indiana $56,410 $60,351
Iowa $56,410 $61,283
Kansas $56,264 $64,518
Kentucky $54,018 $57,509
Louisiana $53,435 $53,821
Maine $60,008 $66,369
Maryland $73,632 $81,293
Massachusetts $80,330 $81,170
Michigan $60,590 $64,579
Minnesota $66,706 $72,319
Mississippi $47,569 $51,554
Missouri $57,574 $59,605
Montana $55,910 $65,242
Nebraska $58,074 $63,813
Nevada $58,906 $64,412
New Hampshire $66,102 $84,017
New Jersey $73,986 $83,102
New Mexico $57,512 $56,766
New York $78,624 $69,135
North Carolina $59,717 $61,811
North Dakota $59,051 $66,813
Ohio $59,883 $61,617
Oklahoma $53,456 $55,362
Oregon $66,706 $70,266
Pennsylvania $61,922 $66,923
Rhode Island $66,602 $72,515
South Carolina $54,246 $59,661
South Dakota $53,227 $63,862
Tennessee $56,035 $59,052
Texas $61,235 $61,460
Utah $61,069 $78,917
Vermont $62,774 $65,712
Virginia $70,054 $75,756
Washington $78,125 $86,558
West Virginia $52,208 $57,979
Wisconsin $59,509 $66,106
Wyoming $57,928 $61,866

Recommended: Salary to Hourly Calculator

Why Do States Have Different Average Salaries?

The chart shows that the average salary in some states is quite different from the average salary nationwide. That’s partly because the cost of living, which affects how much a company pays its employees, varies significantly by state.

Also, inflation impacts states to varying degrees.

In addition, industries with a concentrated presence in certain states — such as banking or automobile manufacturing — can affect the overall quality of job opportunities in that area.

Which Regions Pay the Most?

Salaries tend to be higher in some areas of the country. Cities on the West Coast and in the Northeast have some of the highest average salaries:

•   Massachusetts

•   New York

•   Washington

•   California

•   New Jersey

•   Connecticut

•   Maryland

Remember, while these states have higher incomes, they may also have a much higher cost of living and higher housing prices.

Recommended: 25 Highest-Paying Jobs in the US

Which Regions Pay the Least?

The South is home to states that tend to pay the least:

•   South Carolina

•   Kentucky

•   Louisiana

•   Alabama

•   Arkansas

•   West Virginia

•   Mississippi

To determine what your personal cost of living is, try tracking your expenses with a free budget app for a few months.

Recommended: Biweekly Money-Saving Challenge

Should You Move to Make More Money?

It’s important to remember that just because a state has a higher average salary, that doesn’t mean it’s more profitable for workers to live there. Higher salaries tend to correlate with a higher cost of living.

Before making a major move, first try living below your means. One reason that people who make more money still have trouble paying their bills is the phenomenon of lifestyle creep. This is when your so-called needs expand to consume your current salary.

One of the most effective ways to counteract lifestyle creep is to downsize your home. Reducing your housing expenses to less than 30% of your gross income can help you pay down debt, increase savings, and become more conscious of how lifestyle choices affect spending.


💡 Quick Tip: Income, expenses, and life circumstances can change. Consider reviewing your budget a few times a year and making any adjustments if needed.

The Takeaway

The average annual average salary in the U.S. is $66,622. The median annual salary, which is often less skewed by outlying numbers, is $61,984. It’s worth noting that average and median salaries vary quite a bit by state. States in the Northeast and on the West Coast tend to pay higher salaries, while those in the South often pay less. What’s stopping people from moving to a higher paying state? Often, it’s housing prices, which rise along with the cost of living in “richer” states.

Take control of your finances with SoFi. With our financial insights and credit score monitoring tools, you can view all of your accounts in one convenient dashboard. From there, you can see your various balances, spending breakdowns, and credit score. Plus you can easily set up budgets and discover valuable financial insights — all at no cost.

SoFi helps you stay on top of your finances.

FAQ

How much do the top 10% of Americans make per year?

The top 10% of Americans earn $167,639 per year. Some top earners live in higher cost of living areas, so it can be more revealing to see how much the top 10% earn in your state.

What percentage of Americans make over $75K?

Only 12.1% of Americans make in the $75,000 to $99,999 range. An additional 17% make between $100,000 and $149,000, and 15.7% earn in the $50,000 to $74,999 range.

Which U.S. state has the highest salary?

Massachusetts is the state with the highest annual income of $76,600. This salary is significantly more than the national average salary of $63,795.


About the author

Jacqueline DeMarco

Jacqueline DeMarco

Jacqueline DeMarco is a freelance writer who specializes in financial topics. Her first job out of college was in the financial industry, and it was there she gained a passion for helping others understand tricky financial topics. Read full bio.



Photo credit: iStock/artpipi

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