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Are you a freelancer? If so, you are in good company. Last year, almost 40% of the U.S. population did freelance work.

As the gig economy surges and more people participate, it’s important to be aware of the taxes you owe and the deductions you can take. Those deductions can help lower the amount of taxes you owe and help you keep more of your hard-earned money, so you’ll want to claim what’s due to you.

Taxes for those who are self-employed can get complex, and tax laws can change frequently. It’s therefore wise to do your research or hire a tax professional who focuses on freelance taxes.

But whether you choose to work with a tax pro, or go it on your own, it can be very helpful to know about the self-employed tax deductions that are usually allowed. To help you get up to speed, read on for 25 tax deductions that many freelancers can take.

Self-Employed Tax Deductions You Won’t Want to Miss

When considering whether an expense is deductible or not, you may want this rule of thumb in mind: The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) guideline for freelancer tax deductions is that expenses must be ordinary and necessary.

If you purchase an item or incur an expense even if you weren’t running your freelance business, it likely would not qualify for a deduction.

Below are some key deductions you may be able to qualify for. Knowing and noting them can help you with financial planning for freelancers.

1. Home Office

Are you earning money from home? If so, one of the most common deductions for freelancers is claiming a home office on your taxes. To take this deduction, the designated space must be used regularly and exclusively for business operations, and must be the principal location where business is conducted.

You can take this deduction whether your own or rent. You can use the simplified method, which has a rate of $5 per square foot for business use of the home, with a maximum deduction of $1,500 (or 300 square feet), according to the IRS .

Or, you can use the regular method, which divides expenses of operating the home (including mortgage/rent, real estate taxes, utilities, home insurance) between personal and business use.

Calculating Home Office Tax Deductions

To maximize your deduction for a home office you may want to calculate both the simplified and the regular techniques to see which is higher.

•   As mentioned above, the simplified method involves calculating your home office’s square footage (up to a cap of 300 square feet), and multiplying that by five.

•   For the regular method, you would use IRS Form 8829 to figure out the number. While this is a more involved calculation, it might yield a higher number.

2. Office Supplies

Looking for more tax deductions for freelancers? The materials you purchase to work in your home office, such as paper, pens, pencils, pads, printer ink, staples, paper clips, etc, can typically be deducted at full cost as long as the items are used for business.

3. Hardware and Equipment

If you require specific hardware, such as a laptop, personal computer, tablet, or other types of equipment to run your business, these purchases may count as deductions.

Or maybe you earn money from a side hustle like photography or jewelry making, which requires specialized equipment.

You may want to talk to your accountant about the best way to deduct these expenses, as some bigger purchases that will be used beyond one year may need to be depreciated over a set number of years, rather than deducted in full.

4. Web Hosting and Online Tools

If you have a website and pay fees for web hosting, these expenses can likely be deducted from your taxes. If you use other online tools for your business (such as Dropbox or Zoom), fees you pay for these services can also usually be deducted.

5. Phone And Internet Service

If you use the internet, a landline phone, or a cell phone for business at least some of the time, these services may qualify for a deduction.

You may want to keep in mind, however, that you can generally only deduct a portion based on your business usage.

6. Start-Up Costs

Here’s another freelance tax deduction: You may be able to deduct up to $5,000 of initial purchases and investments made to get your business up and running in its first year. Purchases that exceed that amount can often be deducted over time.

7. Employee Salaries

The cost of paying employees to work within a business can usually be deducted. These costs generally include both wages and benefits.

8. Self-Employment Tax

Are you a 1099 worker? Self-employment taxes cover freelancer contributions toward Social Security and Medicare. You can generally deduct the employer-equivalent portion of your self-employment tax, which is half the total self-employment tax.

9. Your Car

The entire cost of ownership and maintenance of any vehicle used strictly for business purposes can typically be deducted from business income (subject to some limits). The IRS mileage rate for tax year 2024 is 67 cents per mile driven for business use.

Cars driven for both business and personal use can also be deducted, but only for costs incurred while conducting business. It’s wise to set up a system to keep track of when you are driving for personal vs. professional purposes.

10. Unpaid Invoices

Also known as bad debt, unpaid invoices (meaning your business is owed money that it has no hope of reclaiming) may be deductible.

However, in order for the deduction to be allowed, it must be clear to both parties that the transaction was not a gift.

11. Business License

Depending on the industry, certain state and federal licenses may be required for a business to operate. However, there may be an amortization schedule to be aware of, meaning you would deduct percentages of the cost over time.

The fees paid annually to state or local governments for obtaining those licenses can generally be deducted.

It’s wise to look further into the tax code to be sure you understand how to properly take these deductions.

12. Qualified Business Income

This is a newer self-employment deduction. The qualified business income deduction (QBI) is a tax deduction that allows eligible self-employed individuals and small business owners to deduct up to 20% of their qualified business income on their taxes. There are income limits to qualify, however, and this benefit is currently scheduled to be phased out after 2025.

13. Product Supplies and Storage Units

For freelancers who sell products, the supplies purchased in order to make those products can usually be a freelance tax deduction.

The costs of keeping business supplies and assets in a storage unit can generally also be deducted, since storage is an expense factored into the overall cost of the goods sold.

14. Business Loan Interest

If you’ve taken out a loan to help fund your business, you may be able to deduct the interest you incur from it as a business expense.

For this to be deductible, however, a freelancer must be legally liable for that debt. In addition, both the freelancer and the lender must intend that the debt be repaid and have a true debtor-creditor relationship.

15. Meals

Sorry, buying takeout and eating it at your desk isn’t tax-deductible. But if you are traveling for business, at a conference, or dining with a client, then you can deduct 50% of the cost if you have the receipt. If you don’t have the receipt, you can take off 50% of the standard meal allowance.

16. Transaction Fees

If part of your business involves processing credit card orders, you may have an additional freelancer deduction. The processing costs a freelancer may incur by accepting credit cards payments is usually deductible as a qualified business expense.

17. Attorney & Accountant Fees

The fees charged by attorneys and accountants that are related to operating your business are typically considered tax-deductible business expenses.

That includes tax preparation fees, as well as any additional tax resolution expenses that pertain to your business.

18. Education Costs

Freelancer deductions can include the cost of education that helps you maintain or improve skills needed in your present work. This tax deduction also typically includes costs for books, supplies and even transportation.

19. Industry Events

Fees for attending conferences or conventions that are business related can typically be deducted.

Not only are the admission or registration fees often deductible, but all reasonable travel expenses accrued in order to attend the event may be deductible as well.

20. Promotional Materials

Tools used for marketing, advertising, and the general promotion of a business are considered deductible expenses. That includes advertising your product or service on social media or elsewhere.

Any expenses incurred in order to influence legislation (such as lobbying), however, are not deductible.

21. Business Membership Fees

While you generally can’t deduct dues or fees paid for memberships in clubs organized for recreational or social purposes, dues paid to join organizations that align with your specific business industry are usually considered deductible.

This includes organizations, such as boards of trade, chambers of commerce, and professional organizations (like bar associations and medical associations).

22. Business Travel Expenses

Travel costs that are associated with conducting business are considered valid income tax deductions, as long as they are ordinary and necessary and last more than one workday.

This can include flights, hotel stays, meals, getting around locally via bus/train/ride sharing services, even dry cleaning or laundry expenses while you’re away from home.

You may want to keep in mind that lavish and extravagant travel conditions generally do not qualify for deduction.

Also, day-to-day commuter expenses between home and business are not typically deductible.

23. Business Gifts

If you give a gift to a client or vendor as a thank you for conducting business with you, the cost of the gift is generally deductible up to $25 per person per year.

Extra costs such as engraving, packing, or shipping aren’t included in the $25 limit if they don’t add significant value to the gift.

24. Health Insurance

Self-employed individuals with qualifying policies are typically allowed to deduct premiums for health, dental, and long-term care for themselves and their families.

25. Retirement Plan Contributions

Just because you don’t work for a large company doesn’t mean you can’t benefit from a tax-advantaged retirement plan. Indeed, freelancers often have even more options for saving this way.

Two self-employed retirement options you may want to consider: a traditional IRA (which allows you to contribute up to $6,500 per year in pre-tax dollars if you’re under 50, and up to $7,500 if you’re older) and a SEP IRA (which allows you to contribute up to 25% of your income for a maximum of $66,000 per year for tax year 2023).

Claiming Tax Deductions

Why is it important to claim tax deductions? They will help lower how much you pay in taxes and increase how much you keep to spend and save.

If, say, you earn $120,000 in a given year and can claim $25,000 in tax deductions, then you would only be paying taxes on $95,000. That can make a big difference in your daily financial life as well as your ability to build wealth and hit your financial goals.

Tips for Freelancer Tax Deductions

If you are a freelancer, there are a couple of smart guidelines to follow as you move through the tax year.

Keeping Records of Everything

As you earn, spend, and save as a freelancer, it’s important to make a budget and track where your money is going. Keeping records of how much you are paid from different clients or customers, what you are spending on your business, and when and where those expenses are incurred (and even how they are paid) can make a big difference when tax preparation time rolls around.

Also, if you ever need that information if audited, you will be glad you have those files.

Keeping Your Personal and Business Finances Separate

As you have learned, it’s important to keep your business and personal finances separate when you are self-employed. This means your workspace, your transportation and meal expenses, and the like.

This will have important implications at tax time. For instance, you may have to parse how much of your rent or mortgage and your utilities actually go towards your home-based business vs. personal use.

•   Opening a separate bank account for your business. It can be a smart move to keep your business finances separate from your personal to clarify your professional earning and spending. Many financial institutions offer business accounts to meet these needs. If you are just launching a side hustle or have a small, part-time gig, you might simply open up an additional checking and savings account to start.

Working With a Tax Professional

It’s not always easy to decipher the tax code as a freelancer or know which expenses qualify and to what expense.

Sometimes, working with a qualified tax professional can help. They are trained to know the ins and outs of the law and can guide you on correct tax filing.

The IRS offers guidelines for choosing a reputable tax professional that can be worth reading.

The Takeaway

As a freelancer, you can often lower your tax liability by deducting expenses that were incurred to operate your business.

There are a wide range of deductions you may be able to take, including some or all of your expenses for a home office, supplies for that home office, business events, advertising, self-employment taxes, and more.

In addition to managing your business income, you’ll also want to consider the full breadth of financial services you need, and compare which banking partner is best for your needs, whether personal or professional.

Interested in opening an online bank account? When you sign up for a SoFi Checking and Savings account with direct deposit, you’ll get a competitive annual percentage yield (APY), pay zero account fees, and enjoy an array of rewards, such as access to the Allpoint Network of 55,000+ fee-free ATMs globally. Qualifying accounts can even access their paycheck up to two days early.

FAQ

Do freelancers need to declare income?

Yes, if you are a freelancer, you need to declare your income and pay taxes on it. It is wise to pay quarterly estimated taxes to avoid a large tax bill and potential penalties at tax time.

How is income tax calculated for freelancers?

In addition to regular income tax, freelancers typically need to pay a self-employment tax of 15.3% to cover Social Security and Medicare taxes. Typically, employees and their employers split that bill. But self-employed people pay the whole thing.

What happens if you don’t file freelance taxes?

Not filing freelance taxes doesn’t mean you don’t owe them. Not paying taxes can mean you are still liable for the amount you owe, plus interest and penalties.

Annual percentage yield (APY) is variable and subject to change at any time. Rates are current as of 11/12/25. There is no minimum balance requirement. Fees may reduce earnings. Additional rates and information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet

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Although we do our best to recognize all Eligible Direct Deposits, a small number of employers, payroll providers, benefits providers, or government agencies do not designate payments as direct deposit. To ensure you're earning the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit, we encourage you to check your APY Details page the day after your Eligible Direct Deposit posts to your SoFi account. If your APY is not showing as the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit, contact us at 855-456-7634 with the details of your Eligible Direct Deposit. As long as SoFi Bank can validate those details, you will start earning the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit from the date you contact SoFi for the next 31 calendar days. You will also be eligible for the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit on future Eligible Direct Deposits, as long as SoFi Bank can validate them.

Deposits that are not from an employer, payroll, or benefits provider or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, Wise, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, or are non-recurring in nature (e.g., IRS tax refunds), do not constitute Eligible Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Eligible Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate. SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder's Eligible Direct Deposit activity to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility.

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Your age is a major factor in the investment strategy you choose and the assets you invest in. The investments someone makes when they’re in their 20s should look very different from the investments they make in their 50s.

Generally speaking, the younger you are, the more risk you may be able to tolerate because you’ll have time to make up for investment losses you might incur. Conversely, the closer you are to retirement, the more conservative you’ll want to be since you have less time to recoup from any losses. In other words, your investments need to align with your risk tolerance, time horizon, and financial goals.

Most important of all, you need to start saving for retirement now so that you won’t be caught short when it’s time to retire. According to a 2024 SoFi survey of adults 18 and older, 59% of respondents had no retirement savings at all or less than $49,999.

Here is some information to consider at different ages.

Investing in Your 20s

In your 20s, you’ve just started in your career and likely aren’t yet earning a lot. You’re probably also paying off debt such as student loans. Despite those challenges, this is an important time to begin investing with any extra money you have. The sooner you start, the more time you’ll have to save for retirement. Plus, you can take advantage of the power of compounding returns over the decades. These strategies can help get you on your investing journey.

Strategy 1: Participate in a Retirement Savings Plan

One of the easiest ways to start saving for retirement is to enroll in an employer-sponsored plan like a 401(k). Your contributions are generally automatically deducted from your paycheck, making it easier to save.

If possible, contribute at least enough to qualify for your employer’s 401(k) match if they offer one. That way your company will match a percentage of your contributions up to a certain limit, and you’ll be earning what’s essentially free money.

Those who don’t have access to an employer-sponsored plan might want to consider setting up an individual retirement account (IRA). There are different types of IRAs, but two of the most common are traditional and Roth IRAs. Both let you contribute the same amount (up to $7,000 in 2024 and 2025 for those under age 50), but one key difference is the way the two accounts are taxed. With Roth IRAs, contributions are not tax deductible, but you can withdraw money tax-free in retirement. With traditional IRAs, you deduct your contributions upfront and pay taxes on distributions when you retire.

Strategy 2: Explore Diversification

As you’re building a portfolio, consider diversification. Diversification involves spreading your investments across different asset classes, such as stocks, bonds, and real estate investment trusts (REITs). One way twentysomethings might diversify their portfolios is by investing in mutual funds or exchange-traded funds (ETFs). Mutual funds are pooled investments typically in stocks or bonds, and they trade once per day at the end of the day. ETFs are baskets of securities that trade on a public exchange and trade throughout the day.

You may be able to invest in mutual funds or ETFs through your 401(k) or IRA. Or you could open a brokerage account to begin investing in them.

Strategy 3: Consider Your Approach and Comfort Level

As mentioned, the younger an individual is, the more time they may have to recover from any losses or market downturns. Deciding what kind of approach they want to take at this stage could be helpful.

For instance, one approach involves designating a larger portion of investments to growth funds, mutual funds or ETFs that reflect a more aggressive investing style, but it’s very important to understand that this also involves higher risk. You may feel that a more conservative approach that’s less risky suits you better. What you choose to do is fully up to you. Weigh the options and decide what makes sense for you.

Investing in Your 30s

Once you’re in your 30s, you may have advanced in your career and started earning more money. However, at this stage of life you may also be starting a family, and you likely have financial obligations such as a mortgage, a car loan, and paying for childcare. Plus, you’re probably still paying off your student loans. Still, despite these expenses, contributing to your retirement should be a top priority. Here are some ways to do that.

Strategy 1: Maximize Your Contributions

Now that you’re earning more, this is the time to max out your 401(k) or IRA if you can, which could help you save more for retirement. In 2024, you can contribute up to $23,000 in a 401(k) and up to $7,000 in an IRA. In 2025, you can contribute up to $23,500 in a 401(k) and up to $7,000 in an IRA. (If you have a Roth IRA, there are income limits you need to meet to be eligible to contribute the full amount, which is one thing to consider when choosing between a Roth IRA vs. a traditional IRA.)

Strategy 2: Consider Adding Fixed-Income Assets to the Mix

While you can likely still afford some risk since you have several decades to recover from downturns or losses, you may also want to add some fixed-income assets like bonds or bond funds to your portfolio to help counterbalance the risk of growth funds and give yourself a cushion against potential market volatility. For example, an investor in their 30s might want 20% to 30% of their portfolio to be bonds. But, of course, you’ll want to determine what specific allocation makes the most sense for your particular situation.

Strategy 3: Get Your Other Financial Goals On Track

While saving for retirement is crucial, you should also make sure that your overall financial situation is stable. That means paying off your debts, especially high-interest debt like credit cards, so that it doesn’t continue to accrue interest. In addition, build up your emergency fund with enough money to tide you over for at least three to six months in case of a financial setback, such as a major medical expense or getting laid off from your job. And finally, make sure you have enough funds to cover your regular expenses, such as your mortgage payment and insurance.

Investing in Your 40s

You may be in — or approaching — your peak earning years now. At the same time, you likely have more expenses, as well, such as putting away money for your children’s college education, and saving up for a bigger house. Fortunately, you probably have at least 20 years before retirement, so there is still time to help build your nest egg. Consider these steps:

Strategy 1: Review Your Progress

According to one rule of thumb, by your 40s, you should have 3x the amount of your salary saved for retirement. This is just a guideline, but it gives you an idea of what you may need. Another popular guideline is the 80% rule of aiming to save at least 80% of your pre-retirement income. And finally, there is the 4% rule that says you can take your projected annual retirement expenses and divide them by 4% (0.04) to get an estimate of how much money you’ll need for retirement.

These are all rough targets, but they give you a benchmark to compare your current retirement savings to. Then, you can make adjustments as needed.

Strategy 2: Get Financial Advice

If you haven’t done much in terms of investing up until this point, it’s not too late to start. Seeking help from financial advisors and other professionals may help you establish a financial plan and set short-term and long-term financial goals.

Even for those who have started saving, meeting with a financial specialist could be useful if you have questions or need help mapping out your next steps or sticking to your overall strategy.

Strategy 3: Focus on the Your Goals

Since they might have another 20-plus years in the market before retirement, some individuals may choose to keep a portion of their portfolio allocated to stocks now. But of course, it’s also important to be careful and not take too much risk. For instance, while nothing is guaranteed and there is always risk involved, you might feel more comfortable in your 40s choosing investments that have a proven track record of returns.

Investing in Your 50s

You’re getting close to retirement age, so this is the time to buckle down and get serious about saving safely. If you’ve been a more aggressive investor in earlier decades, you’ll generally want to become more conservative about investing now. You’ll need your retirement funds in 10 years or so, and it’s vital not to do anything that might jeopardize your future. These investment strategies by age may be helpful to you in your 50s:

Strategy 1: Add Stability to Your Portfolio

One way to take a more conservative approach is to start shifting more of your portfolio to fixed-income assets like bonds or bond funds. Although these investments may result in lower returns in the short term compared to assets like stocks, they can help generate income when you begin withdrawing funds in retirement since bonds provide you with periodic interest payments.

You may also want to consider lower-risk investments like money market funds at this stage of your investment life.

Strategy 2: Take Advantage of Catch-up Contributions

Starting at age 50, you become eligible to make catch-up contributions to your 401(k) or IRA. In 2024 and 2025, you can contribute an additional $7,500 to your 401(k) for a total contribution of $30,500 for 2024, and $31,000 for 2025 if you max out your plan.

In 2024 and 2025, the catch-up contribution for an IRA is an additional $1,000 annually for a total maximum contribution of $8,000 for each year. This allows you to stash away even more money for retirement.

Strategy 3: Consider Downsizing

Your kids may be out of the house now, which can make it the ideal time to cut back on some major expenses in order to save more. You might want to move into a smaller home, for instance, or get rid of an extra car you no longer need.

Think about what you want your retirement lifestyle to look like — lots of travel, more time for hobbies, starting a small business, or whatever it might be — and plan accordingly. By cutting back on some expenses now, you may be able to save more for your future pastimes.

Investing in Your 60s

Retirement is fast approaching, but that doesn’t mean it’s time to pull back on your investing. Every little bit you can continue to save and invest now can help build your nest egg. Remember, your retirement savings may need to last you for 30 years or even longer. Here are some strategies that may help you accumulate the money you need.

Strategy 1: Get the Most Out of Social Security

The average retirement age in the U.S. is 65 for men and 63 for women. But you may decide you want to work for longer than that. Waiting to retire can pay off in terms of Social Security benefits. The longer you wait, the bigger your monthly benefit will be.

The earliest you can start receiving Social Security Benefits is age 62, but your benefits will be reduced by as much as 30% if you take them that early. If you wait until your full retirement age, which is 67 for those born in 1960 or later, you can begin receiving full benefits.

However, if you wait until age 70 by working longer or working part time, say, the size of your benefits will increase substantially. Typically, for each additional year you wait to claim your benefits up to age 70, your benefits will grow by 8%.

Strategy 2: Review Your Asset Allocation

Just before and during retirement, it’s important to make sure your portfolio has enough assets such as bonds and dividend-paying stocks so that you’ll have income coming in. You’ll also want to stash away some cash for unexpected expenses that might pop up in the short term; you could put that money in your emergency fund.

Some individuals in their 60s may choose to keep some stocks with growth potential in their asset allocation as a way to potentially avoid outliving their savings and preserve their spending power. Overall, people at this stage of life may want to continue the more conservative approach to investing they started in their 50s, and not choose anything too aggressive or risky.

Strategy 3: Keep investing in your 401(k) as long as you’re still working.

If you can, max out your 401(k), including catch-up contributions, in your 60s to sock away as much as possible for retirement. In 2025, those aged 60 to 63 can take advantage of an extra catch-up provision, thanks to SECURE 2.0: They can contribute $11,250, instead of $7,500, for a total of $34,750. This can be especially helpful if you didn’t invest as much as you ideally should have at earlier ages. Contributing to your 401(k) could also help lower your taxable income now, when you may be in a higher income tax bracket than you were in previous decades.

Also, you can continue to contribute to any IRAs you may have — up to the limit allowed by the IRS, which is $8,000 in 2024 and 2025, including catch-up contributions. If you have a Roth IRA, you will need to meet the income limits in order to contribute.

The Takeaway

Investing for retirement should be a priority throughout your adult life, starting in your 20s. The sooner you begin, the more time you’ll have to save. And while it’s never too late to start investing for retirement, focusing on investment strategies by age, and changing your approach accordingly, can generally help you reach your financial goals.

For instance, in your 20s and 30s you can typically be more aggressive since you have time to make up for any downturns or losses. But as you get closer to retirement in your 40s, 50s, and 60s, your investment strategy should shift and take on a more conservative approach. Like your age, your investment strategy should adjust across the decades to help you live comfortably and enjoyably in your golden years.

Ready to invest in your goals? It’s easy to get started when you open an investment account with SoFi Invest. You can invest in stocks, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), mutual funds, alternative funds, and more. SoFi doesn’t charge commissions, but other fees apply (full fee disclosure here).