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Jan

2025

Average Credit Score for 20-Year-Old

By Marcy Lovitch | Credit, Financial Independence, relay | Comments Off

The average credit score for a 20-year-old is 681, according to 2024 data from Experian. This is considered a “good” score and signals to creditors that you can manage credit responsibly, increasing the likelihood you’ll get approved for a loan or a credit card. However, you may not get the best interest rates or most favorable terms — those are usually extended to people with higher credit scores.

Find out what a credit score is, how a 681 score compares to the average American’s, and steps you can take to bolster your score.

Key Points

• The average credit score for 20-year-olds is 681, categorized as “good.”

• Payment history, credit utilization, length of credit history, credit mix, and new credit influence scores.

• Strategies include becoming an authorized user, reporting rent, and opening a secured credit card.

• Paying bills on time and keeping credit utilization low are crucial for building credit.

• Reporting rent and utility payments can help establish a positive payment history.

What Is a Credit Score?

A credit score is a three-digit number lenders use to help them determine how likely you are to repay a loan on time. It’s based on information from your credit reports, including your payment history, length of credit history, amounts owed, and credit mix. The higher your score, the more attractive you are to lenders — and the more likely you are to get approved for a loan or credit card.

Lenders typically report information to credit bureaus on a monthly basis, and in general, your credit score updates every 30 to 45 days. This means your score will likely fluctuate over time.

You may also have more than one credit score, depending on which credit scoring model a lender uses. The two primary models are FICO®, which is used in most lending decisions, and VantageScore. As you’ll see below, scores are categorized slightly differently in FICO vs. VantageScore.

FICO Score Ranges:

• Poor: Less than 580

• Fair: 580-699

• Good: 670-739

• Very good: 740-799

• Exceptional: 800-850

VantageScore Score Ranges:

• Subprime: 300-600

• Near prime: 601-660

• Prime: 661-780

• Super prime: 781-850

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Average Credit Score by Age 20

As we mentioned, the average credit score for a 20-year-old is 681, which is a good credit score, especially for someone that age. After all, most 20-year-olds are still relatively new to the credit scene, and it takes time to build up credit.

What Is the Average Credit Score?

The average 20-year-old has a lower credit score than the typical American — but not by that much. As of 2024, the national average FICO Score is 717, which falls within the “good” range. By comparison, the average American’s VantageScore is 702 as of 2024, which the credit scoring model classifies as “prime.”

Recommended: FICO Score vs. Credit Score

Average Credit Score by Age

While age doesn’t directly impact your credit score, it can play a role. Credit scores tend to rise with age, as older borrowers generally have more time to establish a strong payment history and demonstrate responsible credit usage. In the chart below, notice how average FICO Scores rise from one generation to the next.

Age Group	Average Credit Score
Gen Z (18 to 26)	681
Millennials (27 to 42)	691
Generation X (43 to 58)	709
Baby Boomers (59 to 77)	746
Silent Generation (78+)	759

Source: FICO

At What Age Does Credit Score Improve the Most?

As the chart above shows, the biggest jump in credit scores is between those in Generation X (43-58) and the Baby Boomers (59-77). With the average Gen X credit score at 709, and Baby Boomers at 746, there’s a 37 point increase between the two age groups.

What’s a Good Credit Score for Your Age?

Regardless of your age, a “good” FICO Score is anywhere from 670 to 739. If you fall between those numbers — or exceed them — you’re on solid footing.

That said, many 20-year-olds are just starting to build their credit. As a result, their starting credit score most likely won’t be in the “good” range, but it also won’t be zero (no one’s credit score is) or at 300, the bottom score. Often, a starting credit score is in the good or fair credit score range (580-669).

Keep in mind that it can take up to six months before you even get your first credit score. Once you’ve established a track record of staying on top of your finances, you’ll likely see your score begin to increase. (Need help managing your money? A money tracker app can be a useful tool.)

Factors Influencing the Average Credit Score

Individuals who want a higher credit score can benefit from learning about the five key factors that affect your credit score. Some have more impact than others, but even the least-impactful factor can bring your credit score down.

What Factors Affect My Credit Score?

According to FICO, here are the factors that influence your credit score, in order of importance:

Payment History

This accounts for 35% of your credit score and carries the most weight. Prioritize making on-time payments, even if it’s just the minimum amount due. And practice smart budgeting, either with a spending app or a DIY method, so you can stay on top of monthly payments.

Credit Utilization

This refers to the amount of credit you’re using compared to what’s available to you, and it figures into 30% of your score. Lenders want to make sure you can handle your debts without being spread too thin or maxing out your available credit.

Length of Credit History

How long you’ve had credit makes up 15% of your score. The longer you’re able to show lenders that you’re responsible with credit, the higher your score will likely be.

Credit Mix

Having a diverse mix of credit contributes to 10% of your credit score and indicates to lenders that you can responsibly handle different kinds of debt.

New Credit

The amount of new credit accounts you open, and how quickly you do so, counts toward 10% of your score. Note that seeking out additional lines of credit means the lender will likely do a hard credit inquiry, and each hard credit check can temporarily lower your score by up to five points.

How Are Credit Scores Used?

Potential lenders use your credit score information as the basis for their decision whether to extend you credit. People with scores in the “good” or higher range generally have a better chance of being approved for a mortgage, loan, or credit card, than those who are in the “fair” or “poor” categories.

Your credit score may also be important in other areas of your life. For example, a landlord may run a tenant credit check before renting you an apartment or hoouse, and some employers may check your credit score during a background check.

How Does My Age Affect My Credit Score?

As we mentioned, credit scores tend to increase as people get older. This is most likely because they have a longer financial history and have adopted healthy financial habits along the way. But more impactful than age is the way someone manages their debt. For instance, a 50-year-old with a history of late payments will likely have a lower score than a 30-year-old with a spotless payment record.

How to Build Credit

When it comes to how to build credit, there are many strategies you can try. Here are some to consider:

• Become an authorized user on someone else’s credit card. If you have a family member with a high credit score, you may want to ask if they can add you as an authorized user on their account. This allows you to use their credit card for purchases (without being liable for the payments) and begin establishing a credit record.

• Look into getting your rent and utility payments reported to the credit bureaus. There are several services out there that will report your rent and utility payments to the credit bureaus.

• Open a secured credit card. With this type of card, you put down a deposit that acts as your credit limit. Credit card issuers will report your payments to the credit agencies, allowing you to build your score by making on-time payments.

• Get a store credit card. A credit card that can only be used at a particular retailer (think gas station or department store cards) can allow you to build credit, as long as the activity is reported to the major credit bureaus. Compared to traditional credit cards, store cards will have lower credit limits and may be easier to obtain.

How to Strengthen Your Credit Score

Whether or not you’re in the early phases of understanding how long it takes to build credit, there are steps you can take now to help bolster your credit score. Here are a few strategies to explore:

• Pay your bills on time. As previously discussed, this is the most influential factor in your credit score. Setting up automatic payments from your bank account can help ensure you don’t miss a due date.

• Keep credit utilization low. If you can’t pay your credit card balances off each month, strive to keep your total outstanding balance at 30% or less than your total credit limit. For example, if your credit card has a $1,000 limit, you’ll want to have a maximum balance of $300.

• Ask for an increase in your credit limit. Doing so could raise your credit score as it can improve your credit utilization ratio. But be careful: Running up a balance on a card with a higher limit will defeat the purpose.

• Avoid applying for too many credit cards or loans in a short period of time. With each application, a lender will likely perform a hard inquiry, which can lower your score temporarily. Multiple applications in a short time frame may also indicate to creditors that you’re a financial risk because you’re seeking a substantial amount of credit.

Credit Score Tips

Along with all of the aforementioned suggestions for building and strengthening your credit score, it’s important to monitor your score regularly by checking your credit report and disputing inaccuracies. You can get a free weekly copy of your credit report from each of the three credit bureaus via AnnualCreditReport.com.

Additionally, you can also use a credit score monitoring service to track any changes to your credit report and credit score.

The Takeaway

What is the average credit score for a 20-year-old? According to FICO, it’s 681, which is considered “good.” Handling credit responsibly is important in order to maintain — and eventually increase — this credit score. Making on time payments, not applying for too much credit at once, maintaining a diverse credit mix, keeping credit utilization low, and building a strong credit history are all important financial habits that will help a 20-year-old build and strengthen their score.

Take control of your finances with SoFi. With our financial insights and credit score monitoring tools, you can view all of your accounts in one convenient dashboard. From there, you can see your various balances, spending breakdowns, and credit score. Plus you can easily set up budgets and discover valuable financial insights — all at no cost.

See exactly how your money comes and goes at a glance.

FAQ

Can a 20-year-old have a 700 credit score?

Technically, yes, it’s possible. But it’s more likely that someone this early on in their credit journey will have a score somewhere in the mid-to-higher 600 range.

What is a bad credit score for a 20 year-old?

FICO categorizes any score under 580 as “poor” credit. The score would make it challenging to get credit cards or be approved for loans. If you are approved, you can expect higher interest rates and more restrictive terms.

Is 760 a good credit score for a 20 year-old?

A credit score of 760 is in the “very good” range and is only 40 points away from the top category of “exceptional,” per FICO. Achieving this high of a score usually requires a long history of responsible credit usage, which most 20-year-olds haven’t achieved yet.

How rare is an 825 credit score?

Having an 825 credit score is fairly unusual, since it’s in the top tier and only 25 points away from the highest score you can obtain. Arriving at and maintaining this credit score signals you have near-flawless credit.

Is a 900 credit score possible?

No. The highest possible credit score you can get is 850.

Can I buy a house with a 735 credit score?

Yes, you can buy a house with a 735 credit score. In fact, a 735 credit score exceeds the usual qualifications for all types of mortgage loans.

Photo credit: iStock/FG Trade

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Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

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Jan

2025

Guide to Student Loans for H-1B Visa Holders

By Kevin Brouillard | Going to College, Student Loans, student_loan | Comments Off

If you’re in the U.S. on a H-1B visa, which allows skilled workers from abroad to be temporarily employed by U.S. companies in specialized occupations, you might be considering attending graduate school to further your career while you’re in the country. You might also need student loans to help pay for school, since the average cost of earning a master’s degree is $62,820.

Here’s what you need to know about student loans for H1-B visa holders, including where to get them, the application steps, and potential challenges to navigate, plus other college financing options to consider.

Key Points

• H-1B visa holders can apply for private student loans but not federal ones.

• Challenges include limited U.S. credit history and being seen as high-risk borrowers.

• H-1B visa holders may need to add a cosigner to a student loan in order to qualify.

• The loan application process for H-1B visa holders includes gathering documents, comparing lenders, and submitting a completed application.

• Alternatives to student loans for international students include scholarships and grants.

Can H-1B Visa Holders Attend School in the U.S.?

H-1B visa holders are allowed to attend school in the U.S. So if you are an H-1B visa holder and you’ve been wondering, can you study on an H-1B visa while working in the U.S.?, the answer is yes, as long as you maintain your employment and H-1B status while going to school.

Another question that often comes up among visa holders is: Can H-1B holders study part-time? International students with H-1B visas can enroll in degree programs or nondegree programs, such as a post-grad certificate program, on either a part- or full-time basis. This way they can work and go to school.

Can International Students Apply for Student Loans?

Given the high cost of education in the U.S., many individuals, including international students, use student loans to attend college. But obtaining student loans as an H-1B visa holder can be challenging. International students have fewer financing options than American students to pay for college tuition.

Federal student loans are reserved for U.S. citizens and eligible noncitizens, which includes individuals in the following categories:

• Permanent resident, also known as green card holder

• Arrival-Departure Record (I-94) Record holder

• Citizen of the Federal States of Micronesia, the Republic of the Marshall Islands, or the Republic of Palau

• You or a parent has T-1 nonimmigrant status

• You or a parent are a battered immigrant-qualified alien

If you are ineligible for federal student loans, as many H-1B visa holders are, you can look into scholarships and grants to help pay for college. In addition, you may qualify for other types of financing, including private loans for college.

Private Student Loans

If personal savings, scholarships, and grants aren’t enough to cover the cost of school, H-1B visa holders can apply for private student loans to fill the gap.

Private student loans are offered by banks, online lenders, and credit unions. They can help borrowers cover the cost of attendance at college. Private student loan interest rates may be fixed or variable, and borrowers are charged interest on their loans while they’re in school. H-1B visa holders can shop around for international student loans and compare multiple lenders to find the best rate and terms.

Student loan requirements vary by lender, but borrowers are typically evaluated based on their ability to repay the loan. Lenders consider your financial situation, such as your credit score and income. They may also ask for visa documentation as well as confirmation that you’re enrolled at an accredited school or qualified educational program.

If you get approved for a student loan, keep in mind that you can always choose to refinance student loans in the future, ideally when you might be able to qualify for a lower rate and more favorable terms. With refinancing, you replace your current loans with one new loan that has one monthly payment, which may be easier to manage.

Recommended: Refinancing as an International Student

What to Expect When Applying for an International Student Loan

Preparing in advance and organizing the materials you’ll need can help streamline the application process for an international student loan. Compile proof of income, such as pay stubs or a letter from your employer, as well as visa documentation and your U.S. address. And be sure to add up your anticipated education expenses so you’ll know exactly how much of a loan to apply for.

As mentioned, lenders will consider your credit history in the U.S. when you apply for an international student loan. If your credit history isn’t robust enough, finding a cosigner for the loan could improve your chances of qualifying and securing more favorable loan rates and terms.

How to Get a Student Loan as a H-1B Visa Holder

There are multiple steps in the application process for a student loan. Here are the actions H-1B visa holders need to take.

Gather Documentation

Although the specific process can be different from lender to lender, there are certain documents you will likely need to provide. Make sure to have on hand:

• Acceptance letter or proof of enrollment from a college or graduate school

• Anticipated graduation date

• Loan cosigner name and information if applicable

• Pay stubs and financial statements

• Transcripts from any prior higher education

• Valid passport with an expiration date beyond your anticipated graduation date

• Visa documentation

Compare Lenders

Loan terms can vary between lenders, so it’s important to compare offers. To do that, prequalify with multiple lenders to help find the best deal. You can typically complete prequalification on a lender’s website.

Once you have several offers, look at the interest rate of each one, since it impacts how much you’ll pay over the life of the loan. Also, note whether it’s a fixed or variable rate.

Fixed interest rates are locked in for the entire loan term, so your monthly loan payment stays the same. Variable rates fluctuate with the market, which can change your monthly loan payments, making variable rate loans riskier and harder to budget for.

As you’re comparing lenders, check to see if there are any loan fees you’ll need to pay and explore what the repayment options are. For example, some private lenders may offer different term lengths to pay off the loan.

Submit an Application

After determining which lender best suits your needs, submit a loan application. Go over the form carefully to make sure you’ve completed it accurately and that you’ve supplied all the necessary information to avoid delays or having your application denied.

Review the Offer and Sign the Loan Agreement

The lender will inform you once they’ve made a decision, which could take up to several weeks. Review the loan agreement to verify that the terms, including the interest rate and repayment plan, are correct.

If the loan terms meet your satisfaction, sign and return the agreement — typically called a promissory note — to the lender.

Possible Challenges for International Students

While international students can secure financing to help pay for college in the U.S., there are challenges involved. These are some of the most common ones.

Limited Credit History in the U.S.

H-1B visa holders may not have had a chance to build up a credit history in the U.S. Lenders might consider them to be high-risk borrowers, which could mean that they get a loan with a higher interest rate or need a cosigner to qualify.

Finding a Cosigner

If an international student does need to add a cosigner to qualify for a student loan, they will have to find a person who agrees to take on that obligation.

Since a cosigner is legally required to repay the loan in the event the student can’t, finding someone willing to assume this responsibility can be difficult. A cosigner should be someone with a solid credit history, and they must also be a permanent resident of the U.S.

Time Limits on an H-1B Visa

International students might be considered high-risk borrowers by lenders since their stay in the U.S. is temporary. They can have their H-1B status extended up to a total of six years until they must leave for at least a year before re-entry into the country. Lenders will consider this timeframe when evaluating a student’s loan application.

The Takeaway

A private student loan for H-1B visa holders may be an option to help pay for college or graduate school while working in the U.S. International students often need a cosigner to qualify for student loans, unless they have an established credit history in the country.

Other options international students can explore to help pay for college include applying for scholarships and grants. And if H-1B visa holders do obtain private student loans with terms they consider less than ideal, they can explore refinancing at some point to see if they might qualify for a lower interest rate or more favorable terms.

Looking to lower your monthly student loan payment? Refinancing may be one way to do it — by extending your loan term, getting a lower interest rate than what you currently have, or both. (Please note that refinancing federal loans makes them ineligible for federal forgiveness and protections. Also, lengthening your loan term may mean paying more in interest over the life of the loan.) SoFi student loan refinancing offers flexible terms that fit your budget.

With SoFi, refinancing is fast, easy, and all online. We offer competitive fixed and variable rates.

FAQ

Can you get student loans on H-1B?

Yes, it’s possible to get a student loan on a H-1B visa. Although H-1B visa holders are generally not eligible for federal student loans, they can apply for private student loans. But they may need a cosigner to qualify for these loans unless they have a strong credit history in the U.S.

Can H-4 visa holders get student loans?

H-4 visa holders, who are typically spouses and children of H-1B visa holders, are not eligible for federal student loans. However, they might qualify for private student loans. While not all private lenders offer loans to H-4 visa holders, some do. Look for a private lender that works with borrowers with an H-4 status, and be aware that you will likely need a cosigner on the loan.

Can international students get education loans in the USA?

International students aren’t eligible for federal student loans, but they can apply for private student loans from a private lender like a bank, credit union, or online lender. Lenders look for borrowers with a strong credit history in the U.S., so if an international student doesn’t have that kind of credit, they may need to add a cosigner to the loan in order to qualify.

Photo credit: iStock/AzmanL

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Please borrow responsibly. SoFi Private Student loans are not a substitute for federal loans, grants, and work-study programs. We encourage you to evaluate all your federal student aid options before you consider any private loans, including ours. Read our FAQs.

Terms and conditions apply. SOFI RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MODIFY OR DISCONTINUE PRODUCTS AND BENEFITS AT ANY TIME WITHOUT NOTICE. SoFi Private Student loans are subject to program terms and restrictions, such as completion of a loan application and self-certification form, verification of application information, the student's at least half-time enrollment in a degree program at a SoFi-participating school, and, if applicable, a co-signer. In addition, borrowers must be U.S. citizens or other eligible status, be residing in the U.S., Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands, or American Samoa, and must meet SoFi’s underwriting requirements, including verification of sufficient income to support your ability to repay. Minimum loan amount is $1,000. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. SoFi reserves the right to modify eligibility criteria at any time. This information is subject to change. This information is current as of 4/22/2025 and is subject to change. SoFi Private Student loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891 (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org).

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Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Non affiliation: SoFi isn’t affiliated with any of the companies highlighted in this article.

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SOSLR-Q424-027

Jan

2025

Can You Use Scholarship Money for Anything?

By Kevin Brouillard | Going to College, student_loan | Comments Off

There are many different college costs to cover — tuition and fees, books and supplies, living expenses and transportation, to name just a few. If you received a scholarship to help pay for school, you might be wondering, can I use scholarship money for anything? In short, it depends on the scholarship terms.

If you were awarded a scholarship, congratulations! But before earmarking those funds for any specific purpose, it’s important to understand the way scholarships work and how to use scholarship money.

Key Points

• Scholarship funds don’t need to be repaid, but they typically do come with spending restrictions.

• Scholarships are primarily designated for tuition and fees and often also cover room and board.

• Scholarship money may cover textbooks and other educational materials.

• Noncompliance with scholarship spending terms can lead to having to repay the money and possibly owing taxes on it.

• The organization that awarded the scholarship can offer guidance on spending restrictions and eligible expenses.

How Scholarships Work

Scholarships are a type of financial aid that students can use to pay for tuition and other school-related expenses. A key difference between scholarships vs. loans is that scholarships usually don’t need to be paid back, but student loans need to be repaid with interest.

Depending on the type of scholarship, these awards can be based on academics, financial need, participation in extracurricular activities, or a student’s chosen major, among other things.

There are different application requirements and selection criteria for each scholarship. But in general, students need to submit an essay, letters of recommendation, transcripts, and financial information to apply.

Scholarships often require students to complete the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA). It’s a good idea to do that as soon as possible since scholarship deadlines vary.

Scholarships are available from a range of sources, including schools, nonprofit organizations, local government, and private companies. Using a
scholarship database can help narrow your search to find awards that align with your background, studies, and interests.

Recommended: Grants vs Scholarships

Does It Matter What Kind of Scholarship You Have?

The type of scholarship you have may be the key factor in how to use scholarship money.

Many scholarships stipulate the types of costs they cover. A scholarship may be limited to qualified education expenses, such as tuition, books, and supplies required for academic coursework, or it may extend to a broader set of education-related costs, including room and board and living expenses.

Typically, scholarships are paid directly to the school to ensure that financial aid goes toward a student’s education costs. Review a scholarship’s details to verify how the funds will be disbursed and any requirements on how it is spent.

What Can Scholarship Money Be Used For?

Can you use scholarship money for anything? Typically, scholarship money must be used for a student’s education and related expenses, but it depends on the specific scholarship requirements.

Here are some costs that could be covered by scholarship money.

Tuition and Fees

Scholarship funds are usually intended to be used to pay for tuition and fees at a college, graduate school, or trade school. Tuition is often the greatest expense when calculating the cost of attendance for college.

For the 2024-2025 academic year, the average sticker price for tuition and fees was $11,610 for students at public four-year institutions with in-state tuition, according to the College Board. For students at private nonprofit four-year colleges, the average tuition costs is $43,350.

If scholarships plus other federal financial aid you’ve been given don’t cover the total cost of your tuition and fees, private student loans could help cover the gap. These loans are offered by banks, credit unions, and online lenders.

How private student loans work is that their interest rate may be fixed or variable. The rate you get is based on your credit history and other financial factors. Interest on student loans accrues while you’re in school, and you may need to start repaying private loans while you’re in school or within a certain amount of time after graduation.

Keep in mind that it’s possible to refinance private student loans at a later date should you choose to. With student loan refinancing, you replace your current loans with a new loan, ideally one with a lower rate and more favorable terms, which could help lower student loan payments.

Education-Related Expenses

Along with tuition, students typically have to pay for other education-related expenses. Depending on your major and coursework, this could involve books, lab equipment, or other supplies required for classes.

Research

Students may be able to use scholarship money for research activities. For example, there are STEM scholarships specifically intended to help students advance their research in the fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM).

Supplies

Some of the supplies you need for school, such as a laptop, notebooks and pens, and even a backpack may be eligible expenses for scholarship funds.

Books

Books are another expense that could be covered by scholarship money. How much students need to spend on books and supplies varies by school, major, and from semester to semester. On average, students can expect to pay between $930 to $1,500 on books and supplies, according to the Education Data Initiative.

Living Expenses

Whether you live at home, on campus, or in an off-campus apartment, living expenses are another significant cost to plan for. What college students spend monthly on living expenses is around $2,932, according to the College Board.

Not all scholarships cover living expenses, but some of them do consider these expenses to be part of a college student’s cost of attendance.

Housing

You may wonder, can I use scholarship money for rent or student housing? Scholarship funds can often be used for room and board, but there may be limitations on the type of housing that’s covered.

In general, on-campus housing, which is a cost that is verified by schools, is more likely to be an eligible use of scholarship money than off-campus housing.

Bills

Students may have a number of bills to pay, including transportation costs.

Scholarships may help cover some transportation-related expenses, such as campus parking fees, but can you use scholarship money to buy a car — or pay for monthly car loan payments? It’s unlikely your scholarship funds can be used for car payments, unless the scholarship funds are completely unrestricted in their use.

Food

How much students spend on food depends on a number of factors, but the average monthly cost is $673 according to the Education Data Initiative.

Purchasing a school meal plan is a fixed cost that may be covered by scholarship funds. However, spending on groceries and dining at restaurants could be harder to justify as an eligible use of scholarship money.

Should You Save Scholarship Money for Certain Things?

Receiving a scholarship can change your expected family contribution on the FAFSA and impact what financial aid you qualify for. Additionally, students are typically limited to borrowing only up to the cost of attendance at their school if taking out student loans for undergrads. So if you don’t spend scholarship money wisely, you could come up short.

That’s why it’s wise to use a scholarship to cover education-related and eligible living expenses like tuition and fees, room and board, and supplies needed for classes.

Consequences of Misspent Scholarship Money

Using scholarship money inappropriately can have consequences. While scholarship funds aren’t meant to be repaid, it’s possible that an organization providing an award will have stipulations for how money is spent. This means that students could be on the hook for repaying a scholarship if it’s used for personal expenses instead of their education.

Additionally, scholarship money can be taxable if it’s used for living expenses not related to being enrolled in school.

If you have questions about whether an expense is eligible for scholarship money, check with your school’s financial aid office or the organization that issued the award.

The Takeaway

Scholarship funds are typically sent directly to a school to cover a student’s education costs, including tuition and fees, books and supplies, and room and board. Using scholarship money for personal expenses could mean having to pay taxes on the award or even repaying the funds if it violates the scholarship terms.

If, after applying for scholarships and grants and taking out federal loans, you still have a funding gap, you may want to consider private student loans. And remember, you can refinance student loans in the future for a lower interest rate and more favorable loan terms, if you qualify for them, which could help make your payments more manageable.

With SoFi, refinancing is fast, easy, and all online. We offer competitive fixed and variable rates.

FAQ

Can you cash scholarship money out?

Scholarship money is typically sent directly to your school. If there are leftover scholarship funds, your school might send the unused money to you as a refund check. This money would be subject to taxes, however, and its use may be restricted by the awarding organization.

Could you use scholarship money to buy a car

Buying a car is considered a personal expense, so it’s unlikely that a car purchase would be eligible for scholarship funds.

Are there any restrictions on what scholarship money can be spent on?

Many scholarships include restrictions on how the money can be spent. Some scholarships may limit funds to tuition and fees, while other awards might also cover education-related expenses and room and board. Check with the organization that awarded you a scholarship for specific funding restrictions.

Photo credit: iStock/ADragon

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Tax Information: This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or tax advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or tax advice.

Non affiliation: SoFi isn’t affiliated with any of the companies highlighted in this article.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

SOSLR-Q424-028

Jan

2025

Understanding the Extended Repayment Plan

By Pam O’Brien | Debt Payoff, Student Loans, student_loan | Comments Off

Table of Contents

How Does the Extended Repayment Plan Work?
Eligibility for Extended Repayment Plans
Weighing the Pros and Cons of Extended Repayments
Alternatives to Extended Repayment Plans
The Takeaway
FAQ

Graduating from college is exciting. But for borrowers, graduation also triggers new financial obligations, including paying off student loans.

With the average student loan debt at $39,075, it’s no wonder many people have trouble staying on top of their student loans.

There are currently a number of repayment options for those with federal student loans, including the Standard Repayment Plan, which gives borrowers up to 10 years to pay off their student debt, and the Extended Repayment Plan, which lengthens the repayment term for eligible borrowers up to 25 years.

The Extended Repayment Plan, which is available to borrowers with loans taken out before July 1, 2025, reduces the dollar amount of monthly payments by spreading the cost out over a much longer time period.

For some individuals, these longer-term loans might be a helpful way to balance their loan payments and their other expenses. However, borrowers on the plan will pay substantially more in interest over the life of the loan.

Key Points

• The Extended Repayment Plan lets eligible federal borrowers repay loans over 25 years instead of 10, lowering monthly payments but increasing total interest paid.

• Borrowers must owe more than $30,000 in either Direct Loans or FFEL loans (not combined) to qualify.

• Under the Extended Repayment Plan, a borrower’s monthly payments may be a fixed or graduated amount.

• Pros: lower monthly payments and flexibility for lower-income borrowers, especially early in their careers.

• Cons: repayment period more than doubles, and borrowers pay significantly more interest over the life of the loan compared to the Standard Repayment Plan.

How Does the Extended Repayment Plan Work?

Under the Extended Repayment Plan, eligible borrowers can spread out the repayment of their federal student loans over a 25-year period, compared to the Standard Repayment Plan’s 10 years.

Because student loans are subject to interest, the borrower will also pay more interest on their loan over a longer period of time. So the monthly payments may be lower, but the borrower will end up paying more over the full term of the student loan.

To see what this looks like in action, compare the costs of two repayment plans for paying back a hypothetical, but typical, federal student loan after receiving a four-year degree from a for-profit private college.

Let’s say you borrowed $34,722 four years ago at an average interest rate of 3.9%.

• Under the Standard Repayment Plan, monthly payments would total $350 over a 10-year term, for a total cost of $41,988.

• Under the Extended Repayment Plan, the borrower would only have to repay $181 a month — but over a 25-year term, the total cost would be $54,409.

On the Extended Plan, borrowers can opt to repay their loans with a fixed or graduated amount. If they choose the graduated option, monthly payments start low after the borrower leaves school but then gradually increase every two years over the lifetime of the loan.

Using the above loan example, graduated payments under the Extended Repayment Plan would start at $143 a month in the first two years after graduation and slowly increase to $251 by the end of the loan term. The total amount paid back would add up to $57,026.

Eligibility for Extended Repayment Plans

If the reduced monthly cost of an Extended Repayment Plan sounds appealing, the first step is to assess eligibility. Not all student loans or borrowers qualify for the program.

It’s important to be aware that as a result of the big U.S. domestic policy bill passed in the summer of 2025, the Extended Repayment Plan will be closed to new federal loans made on or after July 1, 2025. Borrowers who take out loans before that time are eligible for the plan as long as they meet the criteria below.

The federal student loans eligible for the Extended Repayment Plan are:

• Direct Subsidized Loans

• Direct Unsubsidized Loans

• Direct PLUS Loans

• Direct Consolidation Loans

• Subsidized Federal Stafford Loans

• Unsubsidized Federal Stafford Loans

• FFEL PLUS Loans

• FFEL Consolidation Loans

Qualifying loans must have been obtained after October 7, 1998, and the outstanding loan balance must be more than $30,000 in either Direct Loans or FFEL program loans to be eligible.

Eligibility can’t be pooled across loan types, so if, for example, a student has $35,000 in Direct Loans and an additional $10,000 in FFEL program loans, the Direct Loan portion would qualify for the Extended Repayment Plan but the FFEL loan would not.

Weighing the Pros and Cons of Extended Repayments

The Extended Repayment Plan might be appealing to some federal student loan borrowers. After all, who wouldn’t want a lower payment each month?

But it’s not actually that simple. There are benefits and drawbacks to longer student loan repayment terms.

Pros of the Extended Repayment Plan

One benefit of the Extended Repayment Plan is an obvious one — lower monthly payments.

Typical monthly student loan payments, which are generally between $200 and $300 on average, according to the most recent data from the Federal Reserve, can eat up a significant amount of take-home pay for lower earners. The smaller monthly loan payments associated with the Extended Repayment Plan might free up vital funds for other essential expenditures.

This benefit may be even more pronounced for borrowers who choose the graduated monthly payment option on the Extended Repayment Plan. This means borrowers pay the least in the first years after graduating, corresponding with lower entry-level salaries, and more later on when they may be better able to afford it.

Cons of the Extended Repayment Plan

Although monthly payments may be lower, there are some cons to the Extended Repayment Plan.

For starters, the loan term can be more than twice as long as the Standard Repayment Plan, meaning borrowers have to keep making monthly payments for 15 years longer.

Not only does the Extended Repayment Plan mean more years of making student loan payments, those payments will also add up to more money paid over the lifetime of the loan term.

For example, based on the example described above, for a $34,722 student loan at 3.9% annual interest, the borrower would pay an additional $12,421 over the lifetime of the student loan under the 25-year Extended Repayment Plan than they would on the 10-year Standard Repayment Plan.

The option for graduated monthly payments costs even more over the life of the loan. Deferring the bulk of repayment to later in the loan term in order to allow for lower payments earlier on means borrowers carry a higher level of educational debt for a longer period of time.

Alternatives to Extended Repayment Plans

While the monthly savings may make the Extended Repayment Plan sound appealing, for some borrowers the added total cost may outweigh this benefit. But there are alternatives that can help meet various financial needs.

Income-Driven Repayment Plans

Monthly payments for income-driven repayment plans are based on a percentage of the federal student loan borrower’s discretionary income, and the amount increases or decreases as their income and family size changes during the lifetime of the student loan. This helps to ensure that payments remain affordable, even as the borrower’s income changes.

There are now three income-driven repayment plans borrowers can enroll in — Income- Contingent Repayment (ICR), Income-Based Repayment (IBR), and Pay As You Earn (PAYE). Current borrowers who plan to apply for the Public Service Loan Forgiveness Program (PSLF) can consider the IBR plan, which may allow them to have the outstanding balance of their loan canceled after 20 years.

However, for borrowers taking out their first loans on or after July 1, 2025, there will be only one income-driven repayment plan available — the Repayment Assistance Program (RAP). On RAP, payments range from 1% to 10% of adjusted gross income for up to 30 years. At that point, any remaining debt will be forgiven. If a borrower’s monthly payment doesn’t cover the interest owed, the interest will be cancelled.

Student Loan Refinancing

Some borrowers may choose to refinance student loans with a new loan from a private lender. Eligible student loan borrowers may qualify for lower interest rates or more favorable terms.

One benefit of student loan refinancing is that it could reduce monthly payments for some borrowers, especially those that qualify for a lower interest rate. If you choose a longer loan term, you could also lower your monthly payments. However, you may pay more interest over the life of the loan if you refinance with an extended term.

Just be aware that refinancing federal student loans means forfeiting benefits and protections that come with those loans — like income-driven repayment and federal forgiveness.

The Takeaway

With the Extended Repayment Plan, eligible borrowers can repay their loans over a period of 25 years, which reduces the amount of their monthly payments. However, because of the long repayment term, they will pay significantly more interest over the life of the loan. Other options borrowers may want to consider include student loan refinancing and income driven repayment plans.

With SoFi, refinancing is fast, easy, and all online. We offer competitive fixed and variable rates.

Learn more about student loan refinancing with SoFi.

FAQ

How does the Extended Repayment Plan work?

On the Extended Repayment Plan, eligible borrowers can reduce their federal student loan payments by spreading out the repayment over a period of 25 years. However, the longer loan term increases the amount of interest paid over the life of the loan.

What are the cons of the Extended Repayment Plan?

Drawbacks of the Extended Repayment Plan include a loan term that’s more than twice as long as the term of the 10-year Standard Repayment Plan, and also because of the long term, borrowers pay substantially more in interest over the life of the loan.

Is the Extended Repayment Plan going away?

While the Extended Repayment Plan will remain open for loans currently in the plan, it will be closed to new federal loans made on or after July 1, 2025, as a result of the big U.S. domestic policy bill that was passed in the summer of 2025.

Non affiliation: SoFi isn’t affiliated with any of the companies highlighted in this article.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Third Party Trademarks: Certified Financial Planner Board of Standards Center for Financial Planning, Inc. owns and licenses the certification marks CFP®, CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER®

External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

SOSLR-Q425-001

Jan

2025

What Is Mortgage Foreclosure? Here’s What You Need to Know

By Alene Laney | Family Finances, Home Ownership, mortgage | Comments Off

You may know someone who lost a home to foreclosure, but you might not know all the ins and outs of the process.

When the lender takes back a property after the mortgage has gone unpaid for a specified period of time, that’s a mortgage foreclosure. The process varies by state and by lender, but there are things you can do to avoid it.

Here’s what you need to know about foreclosure and moves you can make if you’re facing it.

Key Points

• Mortgage foreclosure occurs when homeowners miss payments, leading to lenders reclaiming the property.

• Reinstatement involves paying all overdue amounts to prevent foreclosure.

• Forbearance agreements allow temporary reduction or pause in payments.

• Loan modification changes terms to make payments more manageable.

• Exploring these options helps avoid foreclosure and maintains financial stability.

What Does Foreclosure Mean?

When a buyer finances a home, the home mortgage loan is secured with the property, meaning the property is used as collateral on the loan. If the homeowner fails to make the agreed-upon payments on the due dates, the lender can take the property back. This is why it’s so important to think about what ifs as you go through the mortgage prequalification and mortgage preapproval process. How would you keep up payments in the event of a job loss? Do you have an emergency fund in place?

Each state has its own laws regarding foreclosure and its own state foreclosure rate. Where you live will determine how properties are foreclosed. There are two main types of mortgage foreclosure.

First-time homebuyers can
prequalify for a SoFi mortgage loan,
with as little as 3% down.

Questions? Call (888)-541-0398.

Recommended: Help Center for Mortgages

Types of Mortgage Foreclosure

In some states, the lender is required to go through the court system to foreclose on a property. This is known as judicial foreclosure. In other states, the lender does not have to go through the court process.

Judicial

With a judicial foreclosure, a lender must get a court order to foreclose on a property. The lender must file a complaint with the court, which is also sent to the homeowner and any other lienholders. Generally, the mortgage note must also be filed with the court.

Some states require loss mitigation efforts before a suit can be filed, meaning the mortgage servicer must work with the borrower to help them avoid foreclosure. Most of these foreclosures are not contested, resulting in a default judgment against the homeowner.

After this, the property may be scheduled for sale (usually a foreclosure sale or sheriff’s auction). The homeowner may appeal the foreclosure judgment.

Nonjudicial

In a nonjudicial foreclosure, deeds of trust can be foreclosed without going through the court system. Lenders must give special notice to the property owner and wait a specified amount of time before auctioning the property off.

Some states allow both judicial and nonjudicial foreclosure, while others may only allow one or the other. Below is a summary of states and what process they follow for mortgage foreclosure.

State	Foreclosure process
Alabama	Primarily nonjudicial
Alaska	Primarily nonjudicial
Arizona	Primarily nonjudicial
Arkansas	Primarily nonjudicial
California	Primarily nonjudicial
Colorado	Primarily nonjudicial
Connecticut	Primarily judicial
Delaware	Primarily judicial
District of Columbia	Primarily nonjudicial
Florida	Primarily judicial
Georgia	Primarily nonjudicial
Hawaii	Primarily judicial
Idaho	Primarily nonjudicial
Illinois	Primarily judicial
Indiana	Primarily judicial
Iowa	Primarily judicial
Kansas	Primarily judicial
Kentucky	Primarily judicial
Louisiana	Primarily judicial
Maine	Primarily judicial
Maryland	Primarily nonjudicial
Massachusetts	Primarily nonjudicial
Michigan	Primarily nonjudicial
Minnesota	Primarily nonjudicial
Mississippi	Primarily nonjudicial
Missouri	Primarily nonjudicial
Montana	Primarily nonjudicial
Nebraska	Primarily nonjudicial
Nevada	Primarily nonjudicial
New Hampshire	Primarily nonjudicial
New Jersey	Primarily judicial
New Mexico	Primarily judicial
New York	Primarily judicial
North Carolina	Primarily nonjudicial
North Dakota	Primarily judicial
Ohio	Primarily judicial
Oklahoma	Primarily nonjudicial
Oregon	Primarily nonjudicial
Pennsylvania	Primarily judicial
Puerto Rico	Primarily judicial
Rhode Island	Primarily nonjudicial
South Carolina	Primarily judicial
South Dakota	Primarily nonjudicial
Tennessee	Primarily nonjudicial
Texas	Primarily nonjudicial
Utah	Primarily nonjudicial
Vermont	Primarily judicial
Virginia	Primarily nonjudicial
Washington	Primarily nonjudicial
West Virginia	Primarily nonjudicial
Wisconsin	Primarily judicial
Wyoming	Primarily nonjudicial

When Does Mortgage Foreclosure Begin?

Mortgage foreclosure begins with the first missed payment, though a lender’s actions will escalate the more payments a homeowner misses. With the first missed payment, the mortgage lender won’t take the property back, or even issue a notice of default, but will reach out to the borrower to help them get payments back on track.

The lender will also report a nonpayment or late payment to the credit bureaus and issue a late fee.

Typically, lenders won’t issue a notice of default until the borrower defaults on three missed payments, or 90 days past due (this is standard practice, but lenders can issue a notice of default sooner than 90 days). Default is the precursor to foreclosure.

Recommended: Home Loan Help Center

Foreclosure Timeline: How Long Does Mortgage Foreclosure Take?

Once the notice of default arrives after 90 days past due, the time it takes to complete the foreclosure will vary by state. In some states, it can be a matter of months. In others, much longer. In the last quarter of 2024, the average time a property took to complete foreclosure was 762 days.

In jurisdictions where each step of the process requires court approval (judicial foreclosures), court backlogs can delay the foreclosure processes for years.

Why Do Foreclosures Happen?

Foreclosure occurs in a number of situations. Some of the most common:

• Being underwater. When a homeowner has negative equity in the home, the property is more likely to be foreclosed on. Having an underwater mortgage is the most common reason for foreclosure.

• Rising interest rates. When a borrower’s loan has an adjustable interest rate, a sudden rise in the amount owed each month can lead down the path to foreclosure. With the 5/1 ARM, for example, the interest rate is fixed for the first five years and then adjusts once a year.

• Mortgage types. Sometimes even the different kinds of mortgages can contribute to default. With an interest-only mortgage, for instance, after five or 10 years of interest payments, principal and interest kick in, resulting in higher payments.

• Personal situations. When the payment on a mortgage loan becomes too much or when a life event (hospitalization, death, divorce, layoff) prevents homeowners from making monthly payments, they can slip into default and eventually foreclosure.

If the homeowner doesn’t work with the lender to make a plan for repayment of the missed payments, the mortgage servicer can seek foreclosure.

Can You Avoid Foreclosure?

Homeowners have options if they’re facing foreclosure, and the sooner they contact their mortgage lender or servicer, the more they will have. Some of these include:

• Reinstatement. If you’re able to pay off the past due amounts and any penalty fees, the lender will stop the foreclosure process.

• Repayment plan. A repayment plan allows you to tack on a portion of your past-due payments to your regular payment each month. This makes sense if you’ve only missed a small number of payments and will no longer have trouble making a monthly mortgage payment.

• Forbearance. If you qualify for mortgage forbearance, your lender might pause or lower monthly mortgage payments for a short amount of time. When you start making payments again, you’ll add portions of your missed payments to your regular payment to catch up.

• Loan modification. With a loan modification, the lender permanently alters the terms of the mortgage contract, so the payment is more manageable. This can include a reduced interest rate, adding missed payments to the loan balance, extending the term of the mortgage, or even canceling part of the mortgage debt.

• Filing for bankruptcy. Filing for Chapter 13 bankruptcy may allow you to keep certain assets like a house or car. A court must approve your repayment plan. It stays on your credit report for seven years. You might want to consult with a bankruptcy attorney if you’re thinking about going this route.

• Selling your home. If you have enough equity in your home to pay off the mortgage and pay for the cost of selling your home, you may be able to sell your home to avoid foreclosure.

• Deed in lieu of foreclosure. A deed in lieu of foreclosure is essentially when you hand over the title of your home to the lender instead of going through a foreclosure. It is less damaging to your credit than a foreclosure. (Note: SoFi does not offer a Deed in Lieu at this time.)

• Short sale. If the lender agrees to a short sale, it is agreeing to allow the home to be sold for less than what is owed. The deficit is taxable if the mortgage terms hold the borrower liable for the full amount of the loan.

Recommended: A Guide to Mortgage Relief Programs

Consequences of Foreclosure

Foreclosure has a huge impact on your credit. It will stay on your credit report for seven years after the first missed payment, and the multiple delinquent payments are a further knock against your credit scores, making it hard to go shopping for another mortgage and other loans.

After a foreclosure, it could take two to seven years to get a new conventional or government-backed mortgage.

But there are ways to deal with financial hardship. And a key first step where foreclosure is concerned is to reach out to your mortgage servicer and discuss a plan.

The Takeaway

Facing mortgage foreclosure is one of the toughest things a homeowner can go through. As the financial landscape shifts, knowledge is power. Foreclosure can be avoided if you work with your mortgage servicer and get help managing your debts. With time and a disciplined strategy in place, you can get on a solid financial footing again.

Looking for an affordable option for a home mortgage loan? SoFi can help: We offer low down payments (as little as 3% - 5%*) with our competitive and flexible home mortgage loans. Plus, applying is extra convenient: It's online, with access to one-on-one help.

SoFi Mortgages: simple, smart, and so affordable.

FAQ

Can I stop the foreclosure process?

Possibly. The sooner you contact your mortgage servicer, the more options you will have.

How will foreclosure hurt my credit score?

The lender reports each missed payment, and the further behind a borrower gets, the more delinquent they become. The credit score lowers with each report. A foreclosure stays on a credit report for seven years, which makes it harder to apply for other credit lines and loans.

Am I supposed to pay property taxes when my house is in foreclosure?

It’s true that a missed tax payment can also lead to foreclosure proceedings, but it depends on where you are in the process. If you’re working with your lender to get your missed payments back on track to avoid foreclosure, then your escrow account will be replenished and the mortgage servicer will pay your taxes. If you’re in foreclosure and not able to get your payments back on track, paying your taxes won’t help you get your house back. You’re better off working with your lender to put that money toward missed mortgage payments.

Do I have to move out of my house when it is in foreclosure?

The Federal Trade Commission advises staying in the house as long as possible if you’re facing foreclosure. You may not qualify for certain types of assistance if you move out.

Photo credit: iStock/jhorrocks

SoFi Mortgages
Terms, conditions, and state restrictions apply. Not all products are available in all states. See SoFi.com/eligibility-criteria for more information.

*SoFi requires Private Mortgage Insurance (PMI) for conforming home loans with a loan-to-value (LTV) ratio greater than 80%. As little as 3% down payments are for qualifying first-time homebuyers only. 5% minimum applies to other borrowers. Other loan types may require different fees or insurance (e.g., VA funding fee, FHA Mortgage Insurance Premiums, etc.). Loan requirements may vary depending on your down payment amount, and minimum down payment varies by loan type.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Tax Information: This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or tax advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or tax advice.

This article is not intended to be legal advice. Please consult an attorney for advice.

Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .

SOHL-Q125-032