Credit card scams have been well publicized in recent years, but you may not be aware of the uptick in debit card scams. According to FICO®, the total number of compromised debit cards in 2023 was up 96% over the last year surveyed, and more than 315,000 cards were impacted.
Whether swiping your debit card in person or while shopping online, you’ll want to be vigilant. Here, learn the ins and outs of debit card fraud, plus how to protect yourself.
What Is Debit Card Fraud?
Debit card fraud occurs when an unauthorized third-party or individual uses your debit card to take out cash or make purchases without your permission. Scammers can use sensitive financial details — your card number, PIN, CVV code, and expiration date — to make purchases that drain your bank account.
If left undetected, debit card fraud could potentially wipe out your bank balance. You’ll need to go through a process to dispute the charges and/or withdrawals to try to get your money back.
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Common Debit Card Fraud Tactics
Debit card scams can take many forms. Here are some of the most common types of debit card fraud.
Skimming Devices
Fraudsters install skimming devices on ATMs and payment terminals. These devices can look as if they are simply part of the machine; they fit over the slot where your card usually goes. If you unwittingly insert your debit card, the skimmer can scan the microchip on your card. Your card’s details can then be downloaded, stored, and used without authorization. Skimming can happen at any payment terminal, but it tends to be most common at gas station pumps and ATMs.
Phishing Scams
A phishing scam occurs when scammers create fake sites, and/or send bogus emails or text messages in hopes of luring you to reveal your debit card details. Then, your financial credentials can be used by criminals.
These fraudsters often pretend to be an individual or company with a too-good-to-be-true offer or an urgent situation that spurs you to take action. For instance, they might offer a new laptop at a remarkably low price, or they could tell you your bank account has been compromised and you need to update your credentials immediately.
The goal is to get you to click on a fake site and input your debit card information. While less common, you might get a phone call with an offer that requires your card info on the spot.
Card Theft
Another common way fraudsters can use your debit card to make purchases or take out cash is to steal your physical card. Once they have their hands on your card, they might try to guess your PIN by taking a stab at what your PIN might be — for instance, your birth year. (This information may also be gleaned from social media accounts or the dark web once they have your name.)
Scammers might also figure out your PIN by “shoulder surfing” or subtly peering over your shoulder as you punch in your PIN at an ATM. Once they have that information, they could steal your card and use it to empty your checking account.
Recommended: When Were Debit Cards Invented?
Preventing Debit Card Fraud
Here are steps you can take to safeguard your personal and financial card data from would-be thieves:
Secure Your Card
You can secure your card by signing the back of your debit card, keeping your PIN private, and changing your PIN regularly.
You might also want to consider using a credit card for online purchases and when paying for gas at the pump. Credit cards typically have greater fraud protection than debit cards.
Monitor Accounts Regularly
By monitoring your accounts, you can spot any suspicious debit card activity more quickly. For instance, set text or email alerts for debit card transactions and aim to check recent activity through your bank’s mobile app.
Many people find checking their bank accounts once or even a few times a week is a wise move. It’s also a good idea to comb through your recent banking statements for anything that seems out-of-the-ordinary, such as:
• Purchases you didn’t make, including micro payments of a dollar or so
• Unauthorized big-ticket transactions
• Multiple purchases from the same store you didn’t authorize
Use Chip Cards and Digital Wallets
Chip cards use EMV technology, which involves a tiny embedded computer chip that makes it harder for fraudsters to skim and access your debit card’s details. They can be less susceptible to fraudulent activity than those with the standard magnetic strip.
Digital wallets have greater protections, too. They employ security features such as encryption and tokenization, which add a wall of protection against fraudsters trying to access your card data. Additionally, because digital wallets are stored on your phone, they’re usually safeguarded by biometric screening, multi-factor authentication, and passwords.
What To Do if Fraud Occurs
Should you fall victim to hackers, know that it can (and does) happen to anyone. With more sophisticated tactics and greater technology, fraudsters are getting better at finding ways to snag your debit card data. Here’s what to do should you find yourself a victim of debit card fraud.
Report It Immediately
If your debit card has been lost or stolen or you suspect fraud, the first step is to report it to your bank immediately. Reporting the fraud as soon as possible limits your financial responsibility and can halt the damage the scammer can do. Contact your bank ASAP if you notice unusual activity and request guidance. Depending on your particular situation, you may also have to take steps to report identity theft.
Dispute Fraudulent Charges
If the issue is a fraudulent charge on your debit card, try contacting the merchant to see if you can resolve the issue on their end.
At the same time, you’ll also want to dispute fraudulent charges by contacting the bank or credit union, as mentioned above. It’s important to do this ASAP (and no more than 60 days after the problem occurs). Once you dispute a charge, the financial institution can take up to 90 days to investigate and resolve your dispute.
You can also request a “chargeback” on debit card transactions. Essentially, a chargeback occurs when you dispute a transaction and reverse it. The money that got charged goes back into your account as the financial institution investigates the issue. When it’s resolved, you either keep the credit or, if the bank decides there wasn’t fraud, the funds are taken out of your account.
Get a New Debit Card
When you report fraudulent charges, the bank or credit union can freeze your account, which blocks anyone — including yourself — from using it. If they aren’t already sending you a new debit card, ask for one. Your old card is compromised, so you’ll want a new one.
Also, if you lose your debit card, that’s another reason to call your bank about freezing your account and getting a new one sent to you. Your missing card could be in the hands of a criminal.
Recommended: What Is An ATM Card?
Debit Card Fraud Protections
Under the Electronic Fund Transfer Act (EFTA), if you let your financial institution know within two business days after you notice suspicious activity, you are typically only liable for up to $50. If you inform them after that 48-hour period but within 60 days, you could be liable for up to $500. If you don’t notify them until more than 60 days has passed since the incident, you could face unlimited losses.
Tips for Safer Debit Card Use
Next, delve into best practices to keep your debit card and its details secure.
Avoid Unsecured Wifi
Hackers will go to great lengths to try to tap unsecured networks and steal private information, including personal details, passwords, and data about your checking and savings accounts, plus other financial intel.
To avoid making your banking data vulnerable to thieves, don’t use public or unsecured wifi. Instead, make sure you’re on a secure network. Secure networks have protective measures in place to ward off unauthorized access and theft.
Update PINs and Passwords
Make it a habit to update your debit card and app PIN and banking passwords regularly. Make sure you use unique, strong passwords. In other words, alphanumeric passwords that also contain special symbols. You’ll also want to steer clear of using weak passwords that can be easily guessed, like your date of birth.
Use Credit Cards for More Protection
Credit cards can offer greater protection than debit cards. When a hacker uses your credit card for fraudulent purchases, they’re not using your money but your credit. So you won’t risk having your bank account wiped out.
Plus, most credit cards provide zero liability protection for unauthorized charges. And, if you notice any suspicious activity, you can likely freeze your card to prevent any additional credit card scams from occurring.
The Takeaway
While debit card fraud is on the rise and scammers are more sophisticated in their tactics, you can take steps to prevent debit card fraud from happening. Monitoring your accounts regularly, keeping your credentials private, and being wary of skimmers are among those moves that can help you keep your bank account secure.
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FAQ
What are common debit card fraud red flags?
Red flags for credit card debt include multiple transactions from the same retailer, unusually large purchases, or purchases made in a place you haven’t visited. It’s always a good idea to check your transactions and monitor your banking activity regularly, at least once a week.
Are debit or credit cards safer?
Credit cards offer greater fraud protection and are generally safer to use than debit cards. Many major card issuers offer zero liability fraud protection. However, you can accrue interest on your purchases, while debit cards simply tap funds you have on deposit.
Can a bank reverse fraudulent debit charges?
Yes, a bank may be able to reverse fraudulent debit card charges. You can request a chargeback, for example, when a transaction goes awry. If your card was lost or stolen and there has been suspicious activity, let your financial institution know ASAP. If you alert them within two business days after discovering the fraudulent charges, you generally won’t be held accountable for more than $50. If it’s been more than two days but less than 60 days, you can be liable for $500. If you wait more than 60 days, you could endure unlimited losses.
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