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High-paying, high-demand occupations don’t always require a degree from a traditional four-year college. What if you could dramatically increase your income with a certificate or two-year degree from a trade school?

A trade school (also known as a vocational school) prepares students to enter a career that requires specialized training, such as being a medical assistant, plumber, dental hygienist, paralegal, or veterinary technician. Trade schools also offer a more affordable alternative to a four-year college or university.

Is trade school for you? Here’s a look at the pros and cons.

Is College Necessary for Your Career?

It seems like there’s more and more emphasis on attending a traditional four-year college or university right after high school, but is it absolutely necessary for your career?

It depends on the type of work you want to do. While traditional four-year schools provide students with the general skills necessary to become well-rounded learners, a trade school provides vocation-specific courses. Trade school students don’t need to take classes outside of their field of study but instead focus only on preparing for a specific occupation. Depending on the type of career you’re looking to get into, you may or may not need a four-year degree.


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Understanding What a Trade School Is

A trade school, or vocational school, focuses its curriculum on specific skill-based vocations. But don’t let the name “trade school” fool you into thinking these schools are just for mechanics or electricians.

There are a wide variety of trade school programs specializing in careers in web design, entrepreneurship, software development, culinary arts, film production, nursing, paralegal studies, and many other areas of study.

Pros of a Trade School

Trade schools can have plenty of advantages. Here are a few to consider.

Specific Course of Study

A trade school can be a solid option for those who know what career they want. Trade schools often have a more focused curriculum. Students generally won’t have to spend time filling general education requirements. Classes are curated to the student’s chosen field and some programs offer hands-on training.

You won’t have to worry so much about choosing the right major. Trade schools cover specific areas of study, which can help you zero in on your career choice.

Less Time to Complete Than a Four Year Degree

Another pro of a trade school is it typically takes less time to complete your degree. Students can often pursue short-term certificates, one-year diplomas, and two-year associate’s degrees, although they may need to get additional training or an apprenticeship for certification or licensing depending on the chosen career field.

Recommended: What Are Apprenticeships?

Faculty Attention

Attending a trade school can also mean more one-on-one attention from faculty. Generally, trade schools boast smaller class sizes than four-year colleges and universities. This could mean more individualized attention from faculty.

If you study better with less distraction (and fewer people), a trade school may offer a conducive learning environment.

Cons of a Trade School

While trades schools have many advantages, they’re not for everyone. Here are some cons to consider.

Extremely Focused Curriculum

For students who know what they want out of a career, the focused course of study is a pro. But for students who aren’t sure what they want to study, the narrow focus may be limiting.

Non-Traditional College Atmosphere

Things are done a little bit differently at a trade school versus college. If you end up attending a trade school, you might not have that traditional university feel of game day Saturdays, Greek life, or pulling an all-nighter at the library.

You most likely won’t be living on campus in a dormitory setting, either. This could be seen as a disadvantage if you’re craving a more traditional college atmosphere where students wear school gear daily.

Narrow Focus May Limit Career Options in the Long-Term

With a trade school degree, students specialize in a specific area. This can be great for job placement after graduation, especially when there is a skilled-labor shortage. However, over time, trade schools may not prepare students for changes in their chosen industry. A broader degree may lead to more flexibility and versatility in the workforce.

Recommended: Community College vs College: Pros and Cons

How Much Trade School Costs

So, how much does trade school cost? It depends on what program you apply for and how long the program takes to complete. Generally speaking, however, you can enroll in a trade or vocational program for around $5,000 per year and graduate within two years. Keep in mind that there could be additional costs, such as licensing, outside of school to get started on a career path.

This is significantly less than attending a traditional college. According to the Education Data Initiative, the average cost of going to a four-year college is $36,436 per student per year, including books, supplies, and daily living expenses.

Trade school can be a more affordable option, and many schools offer financial aid and scholarships that could help further lower the overall cost.

Recommended: How Much Does Culinary School Cost?

Can You Take out Loans for a Trade School?

There are plenty of student loan options for traditional colleges and universities, but what about taking out loans for a trade school? Some private lenders may provide private student loans for trade schools or associate’s degree programs, but many do not. Additionally, the lenders that do offer these types of loans will review your credit history and other factors before determining the type of financing you’ll qualify for.

Federal aid, including subsidized federal student loans, is also available for some trade schools, though you must meet certain requirements. For instance, you must be enrolled at least half-time in a program that leads to a degree or certificate. In addition, the school must be accredited. You can search for accredited schools through the Department of Education’s database .

To apply for federal student loans, you must complete the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA). This is the government’s official application for federal student loans, as well as federal grants and work-study.


💡 Quick Tip: Would-be borrowers will want to understand the different types of student loans that are available: private student loans, federal Direct Subsidized and Unsubsidized loans, Direct PLUS loans, and more.

The Takeaway

Trade school can be a smart choice for students who have a specific career path in mind. Generally, trade school is more affordable than a four-year college degree, and can take a shorter time to complete. Some schools may be eligible for federal financial aid. However, You may not qualify for federal student loans if your program is not accredited. And while some private lenders offer loans for trade school and associate’s degree programs, others (including SoFi) do not. You generally have more financing options when choosing a four-year college or university.

If you’ve exhausted all federal student aid options, no-fee private student loans from SoFi can help you pay for school. The online application process is easy, and you can see rates and terms in just minutes. Repayment plans are flexible, so you can find an option that works for your financial plan and budget.

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

SoFi Private Student Loans
Please borrow responsibly. SoFi Private Student loans are not a substitute for federal loans, grants, and work-study programs. We encourage you to evaluate all your federal student aid options before you consider any private loans, including ours. Read our FAQs.

Terms and Conditions Apply. SOFI RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MODIFY OR DISCONTINUE PRODUCTS AND BENEFITS AT ANY TIME WITHOUT NOTICE. SoFi Private Student loans are subject to program terms and restrictions, such as completion of a loan application and self-certification form, verification of application information, the student's at least half-time enrollment in a degree program at a SoFi-participating school, and, if applicable, a co-signer. In addition, borrowers must be U.S. citizens or other eligible status, be residing in the U.S., and must meet SoFi’s underwriting requirements, including verification of sufficient income to support your ability to repay. Minimum loan amount is $1,000. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. SoFi reserves the right to modify eligibility criteria at any time. This information is subject to change. This information is current as of 04/24/2024 and is subject to change. SoFi Private Student loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891. (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org).

SoFi Bank, N.A. and its lending products are not endorsed by or directly affiliated with any college or university unless otherwise disclosed.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Checking Your Rates: To check the rates and terms you may qualify for, SoFi conducts a soft credit pull that will not affect your credit score. However, if you choose a product and continue your application, we will request your full credit report from one or more consumer reporting agencies, which is considered a hard credit pull and may affect your credit.

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Once you decide where you want to go to college and what you want to major in, you may still have another decision to make — whether to pursue a Bachelor or Arts (B.A.) or a Bachelor of Science (B.S.) degree. Depending on the school and program, you may be limited to getting either a B.S. or a B.A. With some majors, however, you may have a choice. Whether you should go with a B.A. or B.S. will depend on both your educational and career goals.

Generally, a B.A. is more focused on the arts and humanities, while a B.S. is more centered around science and math. Read on for a closer look at a B.A. vs. a B.S., including how it can affect your coursework and future job options.

What’s the Difference Between a B.A. and a B.S.?

A Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Science are both four-year undergraduate degree programs. Students completing either of these degrees will typically need to take similar general education requirements, such as courses in English, mathematics, natural science, writing, history, and social science.

A B.A. focuses on traditional liberal arts subjects like history, literature, art, philosophy, the social sciences, and other topics in humanities. It will provide a student with a more diverse course of study and may require fewer credits than a B.S. degree.

On the other hand, a B.S. program emphasizes science, engineering, technology, and math, and is more focused on one subject. When looking into a B.A. vs. B.S., you’ll want to decide what kind of job or graduate school program you want to pursue after graduation.

For instance, if you have a choice of earning either a B.A. or a B.S. in psychology and know you eventually want to go into one-on-one counseling with patients, you may want to choose a B.A. degree.

If, on the other hand, your plan is to earn a Ph.D. and pursue a career in research, then a B.S. may be a better choice. Keep in mind that some colleges offer students the opportunity to earn a B.A. or a B.S. in the same major, while other colleges don’t offer that choice.


💡 Quick Tip: SoFi offers low fixed- or variable-interest rates. So you can get a private student loan that fits your budget.

Which Degree Is Better?

When looking at a B.A. vs. a B.S., you may be wondering which one is better and more attractive to employers. In reality, it may not make much of a difference which one a student earns, as long as they have a bachelor’s degree in general.

Some employers may want graduates with a broader view of liberal arts topics, while others might prefer candidates who honed in on a particular subject. However, a candidate would probably not lose a job opportunity just because they had the “wrong” type of bachelor’s degree.

When prospective employers and graduate school admissions officers are looking at candidates, they generally care much more about factors like a student’s grades, the courses they took, the major they enrolled in, and which school they went to.

They may also care about whether or not a student completed internships and work-study programs related to their major.

Recommended: Return on Education for Bachelor’s Degrees

Finding a Good B.A. or B.S. Program

Instead of getting hung up on the difference between a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Science, you may want to instead dive into the content and quality of the curriculum you could be studying for the next four years. You can see if the curriculum sounds interesting to you and if it would be applicable to your future career.

You may also want to evaluate all the schools you want to apply to or have gotten into before making a decision.

It’s a good idea to research a school’s reputation through a site like College Board® or Niche to determine how hard it is to get into, who the alumni are, what kinds of opportunities their graduates have pursued, and the strength of their programs.

Of course, it’s critical to investigate the location, enrollment size, and cost of attendance as well. You may find it helpful to create a shortlist of potential colleges/bachelor’s programs and then rank what’s most important to you.

For example, if you want to go to a competitive grad school, you may want to emphasize selectivity for your undergraduate program.

If you’re concerned about how you’re going to pay for college, you may also want to look into programs that are less expensive or that tend to offer scholarships to students. You can also research your options for private and federal student loans to pay for school.

If it’s feasible, it can also be helpful to visit and tour potential schools. This gives you a chance to get a feel for the school and student body, and get all your questions answered. For example, you may want to ask about job and career support, including job fairs and on-campus interview opportunities, so you know you will have support and be set up for success after you graduate.

Recommended: How to Pay for College

Why Get a Bachelor’s Degree?

B.A. and B.S. degrees can be very similar. What matters in most cases is simply getting a bachelor’s degree. This can open you up to a broader range of professional opportunities, allowing you to fulfill your career goals as well as earn more money.

You can choose to go directly into the workforce following graduation and have an advantage over candidates who only have a high school diploma (or less), or you could choose to go to graduate school to earn an advanced degree.

According to the National Center for Education Statistics, the employment rate for 25- to 34-year-olds with a bachelor’s or higher degree was 87% in 2022, compared to 61% for those who had not completed high school.

Those with bachelor’s degrees also tend to earn more. In 2021, the median earnings of those with a bachelor’s degree were 55% higher than the earnings of those who only completed high school.

There are a number of personal benefits as well. Many students find college to be very fulfilling because they gain valuable skills like teamwork and time management.

They also learn how to take on challenges, which can improve their self-esteem. Research suggests that people with college degrees are more likely to volunteer, donate to charitable organizations, vote, and contribute to their communities than those without college degrees. They also tend to report higher levels of happiness.


💡 Quick Tip: Even if you don’t think you qualify for financial aid, you should fill out the FAFSA form. Many schools require it for merit-based scholarships, too. You can submit it as early as Oct. 1.

The Takeaway

A B.A. and a B.S. are both four-year undergraduate degrees that often require similar general education requirements, like math, English, and history. Broadly, B.A. degrees are more focused on liberal arts subjects, while B.S. degrees usually emphasize subjects like math and science.

Some schools may offer a B.A. and B.S. in the same subject, but with slightly different degree requirements, such as a B.A. or a B.S. in chemistry or computer science. The B.S. program typically has more required courses than the B.A. program.

Once you determine what degree you want to get and where you want to get it, you’ll likely also need to figure out how you’re going to pay for it. Fortunately, you have options, including financial aid (which may include grants, scholarships, work-study, and subsidized federal loans), as well as unsubsidized federal loans and private student loans.

If you’ve exhausted all federal student aid options, no-fee private student loans from SoFi can help you pay for school. The online application process is easy, and you can see rates and terms in just minutes. Repayment plans are flexible, so you can find an option that works for your financial plan and budget.

Photo credit: iStock/mangpor_2004

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

SoFi Private Student Loans
Please borrow responsibly. SoFi Private Student loans are not a substitute for federal loans, grants, and work-study programs. We encourage you to evaluate all your federal student aid options before you consider any private loans, including ours. Read our FAQs.

Terms and Conditions Apply. SOFI RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MODIFY OR DISCONTINUE PRODUCTS AND BENEFITS AT ANY TIME WITHOUT NOTICE. SoFi Private Student loans are subject to program terms and restrictions, such as completion of a loan application and self-certification form, verification of application information, the student's at least half-time enrollment in a degree program at a SoFi-participating school, and, if applicable, a co-signer. In addition, borrowers must be U.S. citizens or other eligible status, be residing in the U.S., and must meet SoFi’s underwriting requirements, including verification of sufficient income to support your ability to repay. Minimum loan amount is $1,000. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. SoFi reserves the right to modify eligibility criteria at any time. This information is subject to change. This information is current as of 04/24/2024 and is subject to change. SoFi Private Student loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891. (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org).

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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If you enjoy — and excel at — math and problem solving, you may want to consider majoring in computer science (or CS). As our world becomes increasingly dependent on technology, computer science majors are standing out from the crowd as competitive job applicants and higher-than-average earners.

Of course, getting a four-year degree in computer science involves taking on challenging coursework and investing a significant amount of money. For many students, however, it can be well worth the time, hard work, and expense. Here’s what you need to know about becoming a CS major.

What Is a Computer Science Major?

A computer science major is a course of study that focuses on computer hardware and software systems. Students learn how to develop software, design websites, and manage databases. Graduates with a computer science degree can pursue jobs in an array of fields, including software engineering, web development, information technology, and network systems administration.

Since our world is increasingly dependent on computer technology, computer scientists are in demand in a wide range of industries, from more traditional paths like corporate web development or information security to positions in fintech startups, healthcare, communications, and more.

Basically, if a job has to do with programming or maintaining computer software or networks, computer science can help prepare you for it. In some cases, you may need to pursue studies at the graduate level in order to unlock access to certain positions — but it all starts with a computer science major in college.


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Computer Science vs Computer Engineering

It’s worth noting that computer science isn’t the only degree path for those pursuing jobs in technology. Computer engineering is another course of study — but there are some important differences between the two.

Generally speaking, computer engineers get more education about the hardware side of computing: how to build a computer from scratch and a complete understanding of the architecture of a PC.

Computer science, on the other hand, focuses primarily on computer theory and software. Computer scientists work with complex software systems, machine learning-based algorithms, and more.

However, students with either major will graduate with a basic understanding of common coding languages and a general aptitude around computer software that will set them up for a job in technology.

Recommended: Are Coding Bootcamps Worth the Money?

What are Common Computer Science Degree Requirements?

A computer science degree can grant you access to a wide range of opportunities — but you do have to do the work to earn one first. Given its focus on programming and problem-solving, computer science is a math-heavy degree that requires students to grapple with some heady, abstract concepts. As college majors go, it’s definitely considered a challenging course of study.

For instance, computer science majors are typically required to take calculus courses, as well as other complicated types of math like linear algebra and statistics. Students will also likely need to master — or at least demonstrate proficiency in — several different programming languages (for example, Java, SQL, and Python®). They can also expect to face classes that cover complex and often theoretical topics, such as algorithm design, data visualization, neural networks, and basic cryptography.

Of course, the specifics of your degree requirement will depend on which institution you’re attending and also which specific computer science degree you’re after.

For instance, both bachelors of science (B.S.) degrees and bachelor of arts (B.A.) degrees in computer science are available at the undergraduate level. Generally speaking, a B.A. might allow for more electives and studies outside of the computer science department, whereas a B.S. might have more stringent requirements.

There are also masters- and doctorate-level computer science studies for those who’ve already completed their undergraduate degree — though you’ll very likely need to have chosen a major related to computer studies rather than, say, a course of study in the humanities.

Recommended: 20 of the Most Popular College Majors

How Much Can You Earn with a CS Degree?

While there are many exciting reasons to pursue a computer science major, given how much money it costs to go to college, many students want to know how much they can stand to earn once they have the degree. (This is also sometimes referred to as figuring out your ROEd or return on education — most degrees in America can cost a lot, but not all of them offer great earning prospects in return!)

And the good news is that a computer science major can put you in line for some of the most lucrative and in-demand job positions out there.

According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), computer and information research scientists earned a median of $131,490 per year in 2021.

Along with great pay, computer scientists can also look forward to great job availability; the BLS expects job prospects to grow 21% from 2021 to 2031, much faster than the average for all occupations.


💡 Quick Tip: Would-be borrowers will want to understand the different types of student loans that are available: private student loans, federal Direct Subsidized and Unsubsidized loans, Direct PLUS loans, and more.

The Takeaway

Computer science can be a great course of study for people who are interested in learning about computer programming, software development and maintenance, and really all things tech. As a computer scientist, you might code the next smash-hit video game or develop a new kind of AI… all while earning a nice salary and enjoying plenty of job opportunities.

But, of course, a computer science degree comes at a cost. According to U.S. News, the average cost of tuition and fees to attend a public college in 2022-23 was $10,423 for in-state students and $22,953 for out-of-state students. The tuition and fees for a private college was $39,723 per year. And, these numbers don’t include the cost of room and board and other expenses.

Fortunately, there are several options for parents and students who need help paying for a computer science degree. A great first step is to fill out the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA). This form opens up opportunities for students to receive grants, scholarships, work-study positions, and federal student loans.

Another option for covering the cost of attendance for college is to take out a private student loan. These are available through banks, credit unions, and online lenders. Rates tend to be higher than federal student loans, but borrowing limits are typically higher. These loans are not need-based and generally require a credit check. Borrowers (or cosigners) with excellent credit tend to qualify for the lowest rates.

Keep in mind that private student loans may not offer the same borrower protections that federal student loans offer, such as forbearance or income-driven repayment plans.

If you’ve exhausted all federal student aid options, no-fee private student loans from SoFi can help you pay for school. The online application process is easy, and you can see rates and terms in just minutes. Repayment plans are flexible, so you can find an option that works for your financial plan and budget.

Photo credit: iStock/DragonImages

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

SoFi Private Student Loans
Please borrow responsibly. SoFi Private Student loans are not a substitute for federal loans, grants, and work-study programs. We encourage you to evaluate all your federal student aid options before you consider any private loans, including ours. Read our FAQs.

Terms and Conditions Apply. SOFI RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MODIFY OR DISCONTINUE PRODUCTS AND BENEFITS AT ANY TIME WITHOUT NOTICE. SoFi Private Student loans are subject to program terms and restrictions, such as completion of a loan application and self-certification form, verification of application information, the student's at least half-time enrollment in a degree program at a SoFi-participating school, and, if applicable, a co-signer. In addition, borrowers must be U.S. citizens or other eligible status, be residing in the U.S., and must meet SoFi’s underwriting requirements, including verification of sufficient income to support your ability to repay. Minimum loan amount is $1,000. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. SoFi reserves the right to modify eligibility criteria at any time. This information is subject to change. This information is current as of 04/24/2024 and is subject to change. SoFi Private Student loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891. (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org).

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

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While the terms “computer science” and “computer engineering” are often used interchangeably, they are actually separate fields that focus on different aspects of computer technology. Simply put, computer science is the study of all aspects of computers with an emphasis on software systems, while computer engineering focuses more on designing and building hardware systems.

Whether you choose to major in computer science or computer engineering, some — but not all — of the coursework will be the same. However, the types of jobs you will be best-suited for will differ. Which path is best for you will depend on your skill set and career interests. Here’s what you need to know about computer science vs. computer engineering.

What Is Computer Science?

Those working in computer science focus mainly on computing theory, programming algorithms and models to develop software or computer systems that people utilize around the globe. A computer science program will typically cover topics like design and analysis of algorithms, data analysis, an introduction to operating systems, and different programming languages. Computer scientists generally focus on software and are typically the ones to create algorithms that make programs like artificial intelligence, machine learning, cloud computing, and even video games work.


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What Is Computer Engineering?

Computer engineers generally focus on creating, testing, and evaluating the technology for hardware and software interfaces. If you choose computer engineering as your major, the program will likely cover topics like computer architecture, computer networks, and physics. It is a computer engineer’s job to develop new processors, microchips, and other components that physically go into computers and smartphones to make them work each and every time someone clicks the “on” button. This field may often require a combination of electrical engineering skills and computer science knowledge.

Similarities and Differences Between Computer Science and Computer Engineering

While computer science and computer engineering are two distinct areas of study, there are similarities between the two. Both professions, for example, involve working with computers. Both also involve data and math and work to advance the field of computing. Because of these similarities, both areas of study could share prerequisites and coursework at your chosen college or university.

Computer Science vs Computer Engineering Job Outlook

Individuals with a computer science or computer engineering degree may be qualified for a variety of different types of tech positions in a wide range of industries. Here’s a closer look.

Computer Science Job Outlook

There’s some good news for those looking at becoming computer scientists in the near future. According to the most recent data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) , the employment of computer and information research scientists is projected to grow 21% from 2021 to 2031, much faster than the average for all occupations.

What’s more, computer and information research scientists earned a median of $131,490 per year in 2021.

The types of jobs you may be able to get with a computer science degree include: software developer, database administrator, web developer, project manager, full-stack developer, engineering manager, user interface designer, information security analyst, information technology specialist, mobile application designer or developer, and more.

Computer Engineering Job Outlook

According to the BLS, the employment rate for computer hardware engineers is projected to grow much more slowly over the same timeframe. From 2021 to 2031, the job market for computer hardware engineers is expected to grow 5%, which is as fast as average as the average occupation.

The positive? The average salary for computer hardware engineers is still comparatively high, sitting at a comfortable $128,170 per year in 2021. And while many entry level jobs in computer science require a master’s degree, entry-level computer engineering positions generally only require a bachelor’s degree, which can save both time and money.

As computer scientists, those with a computer engineering degree could qualify for roles under a variety of job titles. These include: telecommunications engineer, computer architect, communication engineer, network systems engineer, systems architect, and simply, computer engineer.

Recommended: Return on Education for Bachelor’s Degrees

Computer Science vs Computer Engineering — Which One Is Better?

The question of “which is better, computer science or computer engineering?” really comes down to personal choice. To make this decision for yourself, it may be a good idea to consider what your dream computing job looks like.

Computer scientists can typically specialize in the following areas:

•   Artificial Intelligence

•   Human-Computer Interaction

•   Software Engineering

•   Mobile and Web Computing

•   Game Design

•   Computer Graphics

•   Data Science

•   Programming languages

Computer engineers can typically specialize in the following areas:

•   Hardware systems

•   Robotics and Cybernetics

•   Computer and Network Security

•   Distributed Computing

•   Embedded Systems

As you can see, both computer science and computer engineering are related. However, each comes with unique and exciting specialty areas. Which one is better will depend on your skills, interests, and goals.

The First Step to Becoming A Computer Scientist or Computer Engineer

While computer science is expected to experience more growth in the coming years than computer engineering, both fields can lead to a varied, lengthy, and well-paid career. Both also generally require at least a four-year college degree, which can be a significant financial investment. Once you pinpoint some schools and programs that interest you, you’ll likely need to figure out how you’ll manage the financial side of getting a computer science or computer engineering degree.

Fortunately, there are a number of ways to cover your college costs. A great place to start is by filling out the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA). This form puts you in the running for grants, scholarships, work-study positions, and federal student loans.

If financial aid and savings aren’t enough to cover the full cost of attendance (COA) for college, you might next look into getting a private student loan. Unlike federal student loans, which are provided by the government, private student loans are available through banks, credit unions, and online lenders. Rates tend to be higher than federal student loans, but borrowing limits are typically higher. These loans are not need-based and generally require a credit check. Borrowers (or cosigners) with excellent credit tend to qualify for the lowest rates.

Keep in mind that private student loans may not offer the same borrower protections that federal student loans offer, such as Public Service Loan Forgiveness or income-driven repayment plans.


💡 Quick Tip: Need a private student loan to cover your school bills? Because approval for a private student loan is based on creditworthiness, a cosigner may help a student get loan approval and a lower rate.

The Takeaway

While there is some overlap between computer science and computer engineering, the terms refer to two different majors and tech specialties that lead to different types of jobs after you graduate. Computer science tends to focus on computer theory and software, whereas computer engineering is more focused on computer design and hardware.

A career in either field can be rewarding, both financially and intellectually, though job growth is expected to be higher in computer science than computer engineering over the next eight years.

If you’ve exhausted all federal student aid options, no-fee private student loans from SoFi can help you pay for school. The online application process is easy, and you can see rates and terms in just minutes. Repayment plans are flexible, so you can find an option that works for your financial plan and budget.

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SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

SoFi Private Student Loans
Please borrow responsibly. SoFi Private Student loans are not a substitute for federal loans, grants, and work-study programs. We encourage you to evaluate all your federal student aid options before you consider any private loans, including ours. Read our FAQs.

Terms and Conditions Apply. SOFI RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MODIFY OR DISCONTINUE PRODUCTS AND BENEFITS AT ANY TIME WITHOUT NOTICE. SoFi Private Student loans are subject to program terms and restrictions, such as completion of a loan application and self-certification form, verification of application information, the student's at least half-time enrollment in a degree program at a SoFi-participating school, and, if applicable, a co-signer. In addition, borrowers must be U.S. citizens or other eligible status, be residing in the U.S., and must meet SoFi’s underwriting requirements, including verification of sufficient income to support your ability to repay. Minimum loan amount is $1,000. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. SoFi reserves the right to modify eligibility criteria at any time. This information is subject to change. This information is current as of 04/24/2024 and is subject to change. SoFi Private Student loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891. (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org).

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

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It’s no secret that college can be expensive. What’s not-so-widely known is that there are a number of states that offer eligible residents free tuition for both two- and four-year degree programs.

While many of these programs only cover tuition (not room and board and other expenses), they can be a huge help if you are looking for an affordable way to get a college degree. Read on to learn more about how free college programs work, where to find them, and how to fill in any remaining financing gaps.

What Are Free College Tuition Programs?

Free college tuition programs are typically state-sponsored programs that offer free tuition to eligible students. To qualify, you typically need to be a resident of the state and, in some cases, demonstrate financial need. Some states will also award free tuition to students that come from communities that are underrepresented in college attendance​ or who are first generation college students.

Often, tuition-free programs only cover the cost of tuition, which means you may still have other expenses to cover, including fees, supplies, and room and board. However, there are some free college tuition programs that will cover school fees or provide stipends for necessary expenses like textbooks.
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💡 Quick Tip: You can fund your education with a low-rate, no-fee private student loan that covers all school-certified costs.

States With Free College Tuition

What follows is a roundup of states that offer free tuition to two-year, four-year, and/or certificate programs.

California Promise Program

The California College Promise Grant waives fees for nearly half of students in the California Community College system , while others only need to pay $46-per-unit fee. For example, if you’re a California resident enrolling in 12 units, you would pay $552 each semester. Students that live out of state pay more.

Indiana 21st Century Scholars Program

The 21st Century Scholars Program encourages Indiana students in the 7th and 8th grade to stay in school and keep up their grades by promising them money for college if they meet program requirements.

Oklahoma’s Promise

To qualify for the Oklahoma’s Promise scholarship program, Oklahoma students must be enrolled in the 8th, 9th, or 10th grade and their parents’ federal adjusted gross income can’t exceed $60,000 (with one or two dependent children) or $70,000 (with three or four dependent children).

New York Excelsior Scholarship

Through the Excelsior Scholarship , New York families and individuals that make up to $125,000 a year will qualify to attend college tuition-free at all CUNY and SUNY two- and four-year colleges in New York State.

Washington College Bound

In the state of Washington, students can apply to participate in the College Bound scholarship program, which gives eligible students public college tuition, or an equivalent amount for an approved private college or career school. Students must apply for financial aid and attend a participating college in Washington.

Recommended: In-State Tuition: a Look at Establishing Residency

Arkansas Future Grant

The Arkansas Future Grant covers the cost of tuition and fees for certain certificate and associate degree programs at public education institutions in Arkansas.

Delaware SEED Program

The Delaware SEED Program gives scholarships to Delawareans of all ages who would like to pursue an academic degree (including an associate or bachelor’s degree) or a workforce training certificate at Delaware Tech.

Hawai’i Promise Scholarship

The Hawai’i Promise Scholarship provides free in-state tuition to students with financial needs who attend the University of Hawai’i Community College. This program covers direct education costs including tuition, books, supplies, transportation, and school fees.

Kentucky Work Ready Kentucky Scholarship Program

The Work Ready Kentucky Scholarship Program assists Kentucky college and high school students in paying for tuition as they work towards earning an industry‐recognized certificate or diploma.

Maryland Community College Promise Scholarship

Students who are pursuing certificates, vocational certificates, or associate degrees may qualify for the Maryland Community College Promise Scholarship if all other aid options are exhausted and they are enrolled in select Maryland community college programs.

Minnesota MnSCU Two-Year Occupational Grant Pilot Program

Minnesota students may qualify for financial assistance through the MnSCU Two-Year Occupational Grant Pilot Program if enrolled in qualifying career and technical programs at MnSCU two-year college.

Missouri A+ Scholarship

Missouri students who attended A+ designated high schools may qualify for the Missouri A+ Scholarship if they attend a select public community college, vocational school, or technical school.

Montana Promise Act

Students attending a two-year institution of the Montana university system and taking select courses may qualify for the Montana Promise Act . To be eligible, students must be enrolled in a Montana community or tribal college, or other Montana university system two-year institution at least part-time.

Recommended: What Is the Cost of Attendance in College?

Nevada Promise Scholarship

The Nevada Promise Scholarship is a last-dollar scholarship that can cover up to three years of tuition and mandatory fees not covered by other forms of gift aid for Nevada high school graduates to attend community college.

The Oregon Promise Grant

Oregon students seeking assistance paying for college should consider applying for the Oregon Promise
Grant which covers the tuition costs at any Oregon community college for students who recently graduated high school or passed the GED test.

Recommended: What Are College Tuition Payment Plans and How Do They Work?

Rhode Island Promise

The Rhode Island Promise program allows recent Rhode Island high school graduates to obtain an associate degree at the Community College of Rhode Island tuition-free.

Tennessee Promise

The Tennessee Promise program is a scholarship and mentoring program for students attending any of Tennessee’s 13 community colleges, 27 colleges of applied technology, or other select eligible institutions.

Finding Ways to Pay for College

Free tuition programs may not be available to all students. In that case, paying for college may require compiling together a few different sources of financing.

Students can fill out the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA®) each year to apply for federal aid, including scholarships, grants, federal student loans, and work-study programs.

If college students need help covering the costs of pursuing higher education and don’t receive enough financial aid to do so, they have the option of applying for private student loans. Unlike federal student loans, which are issued by the U.S. government, private loans come from private institutions, such as banks, credit unions, and online lenders.

Generally, students will want to exhaust federal student loans first, as they come with government-backed benefits such as low fixed interest rates and income-driven repayment plans that are not available with private student loans.

While private student loans can cost more than federal student loans, you can often borrow up to the total cost of attendance (including room and board), which gives you more borrowing power than you can get with the federal government.


💡 Quick Tip: Would-be borrowers will want to understand the different types of student loans that are available: private student loans, federal Direct Subsidized and Unsubsidized loans, Direct PLUS loans, and more.

The Takeaway

Some states offer free tuition programs that provide residents with resources to help cover their tuition costs. For those that qualify, these programs can provide much-needed financing to help them pursue their education goals.

Sometimes, state and federal aid isn’t enough to cover a students’ college costs. In that case, some students may explore private student loans. Though these loans may lack some of the borrower protections available for federal student loans, they can be an option for filling in funding gaps. When shopping for private student loans, it can be helpful to compare potential interest rates and fees with different lenders to find the best deal.

If you’ve exhausted all federal student aid options, no-fee private student loans from SoFi can help you pay for school. The online application process is easy, and you can see rates and terms in just minutes. Repayment plans are flexible, so you can find an option that works for your financial plan and budget.

Photo credit: iStock/Vimvertigo

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

SoFi Private Student Loans
Please borrow responsibly. SoFi Private Student loans are not a substitute for federal loans, grants, and work-study programs. We encourage you to evaluate all your federal student aid options before you consider any private loans, including ours. Read our FAQs.

Terms and Conditions Apply. SOFI RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MODIFY OR DISCONTINUE PRODUCTS AND BENEFITS AT ANY TIME WITHOUT NOTICE. SoFi Private Student loans are subject to program terms and restrictions, such as completion of a loan application and self-certification form, verification of application information, the student's at least half-time enrollment in a degree program at a SoFi-participating school, and, if applicable, a co-signer. In addition, borrowers must be U.S. citizens or other eligible status, be residing in the U.S., and must meet SoFi’s underwriting requirements, including verification of sufficient income to support your ability to repay. Minimum loan amount is $1,000. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. SoFi reserves the right to modify eligibility criteria at any time. This information is subject to change. This information is current as of 04/24/2024 and is subject to change. SoFi Private Student loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891. (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org).

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

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