Savings Goals by Age: Smart Financial Targets by Age Group

Mapping out your financial future can be daunting, especially if you only have a vague sense of what you want to accomplish.

It can be useful to consider financial milestones to help you chart out your journey from college graduation through retirement. Here’s a look at some common savings goals by age to help you orient yourself and build a plan.

Savings Goals for Your 20s

In your 20s, people are often just out of school, starting a career, and getting their life in order. As if that wasn’t enough, challenges like student loan debt or credit debt may face them. Now is the time to set financial goals, consider an investment strategy, and start building healthy financial habits.

Paying off High Interest Debt

If you have any high-interest debt—debts of 7% or more—you might focus on paying it off. High-interest payments can cost you a lot over the life of a loan.

Credit cards, which often allow minimum payments that are much less than the total balance due, can be particularly costly as interest on the balance accrues. The more money going toward high-interest debt, the less you can focus on your savings goals.

Building Emergency Savings

At this age, people are often just getting on their own feet and might not have a lot of extra cash to stock away. Establishing a rainy day fund can be a useful savings goal. Generally, emergency funds contain at least three to six months worth of living expenses. This fund can help cover emergencies like unexpectedly needing to replace a car transmission, a trip to urgent care, or losing your income. Since you never know when you’ll need to access your emergency fund, consider saving it in an easily accessible vehicle, such as an online bank account.

Recommended: Planning your emergency fund? Our emergency fund calculator can assist you in setting the right target.

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Saving for Retirement

The earlier you start investing for retirement, the longer you can take advantage of the powers of compounding interest — the returns you earn on your investment returns.

Compounding interest helps your investments grow exponentially. Consider taking advantage of any retirement accounts your employers offer, such as a 401(k). If your employer doesn’t offer a retirement plan, there are other options, such as setting up an individual retirement account (IRA), where you can save for retirement in a tax-advantaged way on your own.

Savings Goals for Your 30s

In your 30s, people are often more settled into a career path and may be thinking about other goals such as purchasing a house or having kids.

More Saving for Retirement

As your income grows and retirement gets a little bit closer, consider increasing the amount you’re setting aside for retirement. If your employer offers a match to your 410(k) contributions, taking advantage of the match can be a wise move, since this is essentially free money.

Buying a Home

If you’re thinking about buying a home, you’ll want to focus on saving for a down payment. The amount you will need to save will depend on housing prices in the area where you’re looking to buy. A larger down payment can make it easier to secure a mortgage, and can also mean that you pay less interest over the life of the loan.

Also, lenders may require borrowers to have mortgage insurance if they’re making a down payment smaller than 20%, which is an added expense to the home-buying process.

Setting up College Funds

If you have children, another consideration is saving for their college education. One way you can do this is to open a 529 college savings plan that helps you save for your child’s tuition and other education-related expenses. Just be sure not to neglect other long-term goals, such as retirement, while saving for your child’s college education.

Savings Goals for Your 40s

As you enter your forties, you are likely entering your highest earning years. If you have your high-interest debts behind you, you can devote your attention to building your net worth.

Keeping an Eye on Your Emergency Fund

The amount of money you needed to cover six months worth of expenses in your 20s is likely far less than what you need now, especially if you have a mortgage to pay and children to support. You’ll want to make sure that your emergency fund grows with you.

Protecting Your Assets

Now that you have a more substantial income and own some valuable things, such as a home and a car, you’ll want to make sure you protect those assets with adequate insurance. Home and auto insurance protect you in the event that something happens to your house or your car.

You may also want to consider getting life insurance if you haven’t already. This can provide a cash cushion to help your family replace your income or cover other expenses should you die. The younger you are when you purchase life insurance, generally the less expensive it will be.

Savings Goals for Your 50s

In your 50s, you’re likely still in your top earning years. You may still be paying off your mortgage, and your kids may now be out of the house.

Taking a Closer Look at Retirement Savings

As retirement age approaches, you’ll want to continue contributing as much as you can to your retirement account. When you turn 50, you are eligible to catch-up contributions to your 401(k) and IRAs.

These contributions provide an opportunity to boost your retirement savings if you haven’t been able to save as much as you hoped up to this point. Even if you have been meeting your savings goals, the contributions allow you to throw some weight behind your savings and take full advantage of tax-advantaged accounts in the decade before you may retire.

Continuing to Pay Off a Mortgage

If you think your monthly mortgage payments may be too high to manage on a fixed income, you might consider paying off or refinancing your mortgage before you retire.

Goals for Your 60s

As you enter your 60s, you may be nearing your retirement. However, when it comes to saving, you don’t have to slow down. As long as you are earning income, you might want to keep funding your retirement accounts.

Thinking Long-Term

Now is a good time to assess how much you have saved for retirement and perhaps adjust what you are contributing (based on how much you’ve already put aside and how much you can afford). At the same time, you may want to plan out a retirement income strategy, which is when you’ll start withdrawing funds and how much you’ll take each month or year. You’ll also want to decide when to start taking Social Security.

The Takeaway

Everyone’s personal timeline is different. The milestones you hit and when you hit them may vary depending on your personal situation. For example, someone graduating from college with $50,000 in student loan debt is at a very different starting point than someone who graduates with no debt. And while someone might be able to buy a house in their early 30s, others may live in a more expensive area and need more time to save.

No matter your starting point and situation, a simple way to manage your finances at any age is to open a checking and savings account where you can spend, save, and earn all in one product. With a SoFi Checking and Savings account, you’ll earn a competitive annual percentage yield (APY) and pay no account fees, both of which can help your money grow faster.

Better banking is here with SoFi, NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Checking Account Overall.* Enjoy up to 4.00% APY on SoFi Checking and Savings.



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SoFi members with direct deposit activity can earn 4.00% annual percentage yield (APY) on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Direct Deposit means a recurring deposit of regular income to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government benefit payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Deposits that are not from an employer or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, or are non-recurring in nature (e.g., IRS tax refunds), do not constitute Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate. SoFi members with direct deposit are eligible for other SoFi Plus benefits.

As an alternative to direct deposit, SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits can earn 4.00% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Qualifying Deposits means one or more deposits that, in the aggregate, are equal to or greater than $5,000 to an account holder’s SoFi Checking and Savings account (“Qualifying Deposits”) during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Qualifying Deposits only include those deposits from the following eligible sources: (i) ACH transfers, (ii) inbound wire transfers, (iii) peer-to-peer transfers (i.e., external transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc. and internal peer-to-peer transfers from a SoFi account belonging to another account holder), (iv) check deposits, (v) instant funding to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, (vi) push payments to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, and (vii) cash deposits. Qualifying Deposits do not include: (i) transfers between an account holder’s Checking account, Savings account, and/or Vaults; (ii) interest payments; (iii) bonuses issued by SoFi Bank or its affiliates; or (iv) credits, reversals, and refunds from SoFi Bank, N.A. (“SoFi Bank”) or from a merchant. SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits are not eligible for other SoFi Plus benefits.

SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder’s Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits throughout each 30-Day Evaluation Period to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility. The 30-Day Evaluation Period refers to the “Start Date” and “End Date” set forth on the APY Details page of your account, which comprises a period of 30 calendar days (the “30-Day Evaluation Period”). You can access the APY Details page at any time by logging into your SoFi account on the SoFi mobile app or SoFi website and selecting either (i) Banking > Savings > Current APY or (ii) Banking > Checking > Current APY. Upon receiving a Direct Deposit or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits to your account, you will begin earning 4.00% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% on checking balances on or before the following calendar day. You will continue to earn these APYs for (i) the remainder of the current 30-Day Evaluation Period and through the end of the subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period and (ii) any following 30-day Evaluation Periods during which SoFi Bank determines you to have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits without interruption.

SoFi Bank reserves the right to grant a grace period to account holders following a change in Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits activity before adjusting rates. If SoFi Bank grants you a grace period, the dates for such grace period will be reflected on the APY Details page of your account. If SoFi Bank determines that you did not have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits during the current 30-day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, then you will begin earning the rates earned by account holders without either Direct Deposit or Qualifying Deposits until you have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits in a subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period. For the avoidance of doubt, an account holder with both Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits will earn the rates earned by account holders with Direct Deposit.

Members without either Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits, as determined by SoFi Bank, during a 30-Day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, will earn 1.20% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances.

Interest rates are variable and subject to change at any time. These rates are current as of 12/3/24. There is no minimum balance requirement. Additional information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Tax Information: This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or tax advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or tax advice.

External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

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Payday Loan Requirements: Things to Know

Payday Loan Requirements: Things to Know

Payday loans are also called cash advance loans, deferred deposit loans, post-dated check loans, or check advance loans. They are short-term, high-interest loans. People who use these loans tend not to have access to other types of lending, and this is a last resort to get them through to the next paycheck.

Many states consider these loans predatory because of their high interest rates and financing fees. Some states place caps on the fees and interest rates or ban this type of lending completely.

Read on to find out what a payday loan is, how they work, and other options for those who need a short-term loan or cash advance.

What Is a Payday Loan?

Payday loans, also known as cash advances, are high-interest, short-term loans, typically for $500 or less. They are notorious for having very high interest rates and fees. There are few payday loan requirements, but borrowers typically need to be over 18, have a checking account in good standing, and show that they earn a secure income.

Consumers can find these types of loans through online lenders, apps, and local brick-and-mortar merchants. The loan amount is typically paid back by direct debit once the borrower receives their next paycheck. Alternatively, loans may be secured with a post-dated check.

How Does a Payday Loan Work?

Consumers fill out an application with a lender and show proof of identity, a recent pay stub, and a bank account number if required.

Borrowers have to secure the loan with a post-dated check or agree to have the funds debited from their account when they are paid, usually in two weeks. Loans are usually between $50 and $1,000, and funds are deposited within a day or two. Borrowers can also receive cash.

People with bad credit and access to better financing tend to use these loans to help them get by temporarily. However, payday loan problems are well-known: High interest rates and exorbitant fees can trap someone in spiraling debt if they cannot repay the loan on time.

The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau states, “More than four out of five payday loans are re-borrowed within a month, usually right when the loan is due or shortly thereafter.” Borrowers then face even higher financing fees and interest rates compounding their debt load.

Many states place caps on the interest rates and fees charged for payday loans; some states, such as New York, have outlawed them completely.

What Are the Requirements for a Payday Loan?

Most working adults qualify for a payday loan. Here are the most common standards.

Age

Borrowers must be at least 18 years of age.

Proof of Income

Applicants have to show proof of income, such as a pay stub.

Citizenship

Consumers may have to show proof of U.S. citizenship.

Bank Account

Borrowers need to have a bank account that is in good standing.

Payday Loan Interest Rates

Depending on the state, interest rates for payday loans can carry a 400% annual percentage rate (APR) or more.

In states that cap interest rates on payday loans, lenders may instead charge a fee that is a percentage of the amount loaned. Finance charges can be between $15 and $30 for each $100 borrowed.

Payday Loan Amounts

Payday loan amounts are usually $100 to $1,000. In some states, a borrower is allowed only one payday loan at a time. Other states, like Texas and Nevada, offer unlimited payday loans for customers.

Alternatives to a Payday Loan

Rather than take out a high-interest payday loan, there are better options for people in a precarious financial situation.

Credit Cards

If the borrower has a credit score, using a credit card is a safer bet than a payday loan. The average credit card interest rate is around 22%, while payday loan interest can be over 400%. However, if the borrower needs the cash to pay bills such as rent or utilities, that is often not possible with a credit card.

Cash Advance Loans

A cash advance loan puts cash immediately into your bank account. These loans are offered by online lenders, such as Earnin or PayActiv. These companies don’t charge loan financing fees but ask for “tips.” So, a borrower might tip between 5 and 15% of the advance. These apps are often marketed as payroll benefits, and they charge membership and service fees.

TSP Loans

A TSP account is a tax-deferred retirement savings and investment plan that offers Federal employees the same tax advantages as a 401(k) retirement plan. If you have a TSP retirement account, you can take out a loan from that plan without having to pay tax or penalties. However, you must pay the amount back to the account within five years with interest (which will be much lower than the interest on a payday loan).

Personal Loans

For consumers with a good credit score, banks and online lenders offer unsecured or secured personal loans. Unsecured loans are not backed by any collateral and will have a higher interest rate than a secured loan, but not as high as a payday loan.

Unexpected expenses can be paid for with a personal loan and at a lower interest rate. Many people take out personal loans to pay off credit card debt because the interest rate on a personal loan is less than the interest rate paid on their credit card debt. Getting approved for a personal loan isn’t hard if you have good credit.

Loan payback terms can be between two to seven years, with loan amounts typically between $1,000 and $50,000. If you manage the payments on a personal loan responsibly, you can build up a strong credit history. That is not the case with a payday loan, which is not reported to credit rating bureaus.

Recommended: What Is a Personal Loan?

The Takeaway

Payday loans are short-term loans that cash-strapped consumers use to get by until their next paycheck. The borrower is expected to repay the loan on their next payday, or they may submit a post-dated check. Interest rates are extremely high because of the risk to the lender that the borrower will default. Unfortunately, this is often the case, and borrowers can find themselves spiraling into debt as interest and fees accumulate. For this reason, many states have banned payday loans.

Payday loans are probably the worst option for quick cash. But a SoFi Personal Loan offers fixed, competitive interest rates on loans from $5K to $100K. And there are no fees ever.

SoFi’s Personal Loan was named NerdWallet’s 2022 winner for Best Online Personal Loan overall.

FAQ

What are the requirements to get a payday loan?

Most working adults qualify for a payday loan. A borrower needs to be 18 or over, show proof of income (a paystub) and citizenship, and have a bank account.

Is proof of income a requirement for a payday loan?

A lender requires proof of income because they want to know you have the means to pay the loan back. A recent pay stub or similar documentation is typically enough.

Is taking out a payday loan a good idea?

Basically, no. A payday loan should only be used as a last resort, and if you are sure you can pay back the loan in two weeks. Even then, the interest you will pay will be much higher than a cash advance or a short-term loan from an online lender.


SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.


Non affiliation: SoFi isn’t affiliated with any of the companies highlighted in this article.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .

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How Does Car Insurance Work?

How Does Car Insurance Work?

Most people know that after an accident, they’ll likely need to use the car insurance they’ve been diligently paying for. Car insurance can protect you from financial liability that has the potential to be devastating.

Being protected by a car insurance policy that is appropriate for your needs — and your budget — is vital.

What Is Car Insurance?

A car insurance policy is an agreement between you and your insurance company. At regular intervals — typically once a month, every six months, or annually — you pay the cost of the policy. In return, the car insurance pays for damages that occur when an accident happens, whether that damage is to your car or someone else’s car. What and how much the insurance will pay depends on the type of car insurance coverage you purchase.

How Does a Car Insurance Deductible Work?

If the time comes to put in a claim, you’ll most likely have to pay a deductible first. The deductible for car insurance works in a similar way to that for medical insurance. It’s the amount of money you will pay out of pocket on a claim before your policy picks up the rest — up to the limit you agreed to.

If you sign up for a high deductible, then your policy payments will be lower. A policy with a $1,000 deductible will not cost as much every month as a policy with a lower deductible. But if you find you need to put in a big claim to have your car fixed, you’ll have to come up with that $1,000 up front. If that is too big a hit for your bank account, then you may want to consider a lower deductible.

Most deductibles range from $100 to $2,000.

Recommended: 5 Steps to Switching Your Car Insurance

Types Of Car Insurance Coverage Options

Car insurance coverage varies by type of coverage, amount of coverage, and amount of deductible. Some drivers may want to purchase specialty coverage that will be priced separately — for example, coverage for antique automobiles or vehicles driven for commercial purposes, or ride-share insurance.

Insurance companies will pay up to the limits of the policy, after any deductible.

Liability Coverage

A basic car insurance policy is liability coverage that will pay if there are bodily injuries to people in the other car or vehicular damage to the other car, and you are at fault.

Uninsured or Underinsured Motorist Coverage

Sometimes included in a liability policy package, but also available as a separate part of a policy, is uninsured or underinsured motorist coverage. If someone without their own liability insurance coverage hits your car, this type of insurance pays for your bodily injuries and physical damage to your car.

Emergency Road Service Coverage

If your car breaks down, your battery dies, you lock your keys in your car, or other types of emergencies that might leave you stranded, emergency road service coverage can be helpful to have. This type of coverage, sometimes called roadside assistance coverage, may pay for a tow truck, a locksmith, or even bring gas to you so you can make it to the next gas station. This is generally very affordable coverage to add to a policy.

Comprehensive and Collision Coverage

Comprehensive insurance covers repairs to a car that is damaged — outside of an accident — or stolen. Damage could be things like vandalism, a broken windshield, a fallen tree on your car, or other occurrences out of your control.

Collision coverage will pay to repair or replace your car if it’s damaged in an accident with another car or even an object such as a fence or tree.

These two coverages are sometimes listed together as “comp and collision” on a policy, but they are available as separate purchases in most cases. Both may be required by a lender if you’re leasing a car or still paying on an auto loan. They’re the most common types of car insurance to include in a deductible.

Personal Injury Insurance

Personal injury insurance, or medical payments coverage, will pay for your and your passengers’ medical expenses after an accident, no matter which driver was at fault.

Gap Insurance

If you are still making auto loan payments or you’re leasing a car, gap insurance might be something to consider. This type of coverage will pay the difference between the amount the car insurance company pays and what you still owe on the purchase or lease in the case of a total loss after an accident.

Understanding car insurance terms will help you make a smart decision about what types and amounts of coverage to purchase.

Do You Need Car Insurance?

In most states, you must have at least some form of liability coverage. In fact, to legally register and drive your car, you’ll have to establish and maintain a minimum level of coverage.

New Hampshire and Virginia are two exceptions.

•   New Hampshire drivers are not required to carry any automobile insurance unless they have been convicted of driving while intoxicated, have had their driver’s license revoked, or were at fault in a car accident and were uninsured, among other stipulations.

•   Virginia drivers who choose not to carry liability insurance must pay an uninsured motor vehicle fee when they register and license their vehicle.

In all U.S. states, driving without at least minimum liability coverage may result in being fined and even losing your driver’s license.

How Much Car Insurance Do You Need?

After you’ve purchased liability coverage, other coverage may be optional. Older cars whose value is lower than the coverage costs, including any deductible, might just need liability coverage, instead of comprehensive and collision coverage.

Some things to consider when purchasing insurance are the value of your car, your driving history, how far and how often you drive the car, and how much you could afford to pay out of pocket if you are in an accident.

Recommended: How Much Auto Insurance Do I Really Need?

Discover real-time vehicle values with Auto Tracker.¹

Now you can instantly monitor vehicle prices in this unprecedented market—to help you make smart money moves.


How Much Does Car Insurance Cost?

According to Bankrate.com, the average full-coverage car insurance policy costs $2,014 per year or about $167 a month. However, these averages vary widely by state. Michigan, Louisiana, Florida, and Nevada reportedly have the most expensive car insurance policies.

Other factors that go into car insurance policy prices are what kind of driving record you have, your age and gender, and the type of car you’re insuring, among others. If you get a speeding ticket or you’re at fault in an accident, your insurance policy is most likely going to go up in cost.

Car insurance is highly competitive, so comparison shopping can be a wise move.

Recommended: How Much Does Insurance Go Up After an Accident?

How to File a Car Insurance Claim

It’s recommended that claim filing should happen as soon as possible after an accident. Call your insurance company and be ready to inform your insurer which vehicle was involved, who was driving, the exact location and time of the accident, the description of the damage, and the name and insurance of the other driver.

If the incident you report is covered, your insurer will pay, up to the policy limits, for the cost of the damage you caused, or the damage to your car, minus the deductible if you have one. Your insurer may pay you directly. Or payment may be made to the other driver or to the repair shop working on your car.

Some insurers request a copy of the police report filed on an accident. If you didn’t call the police at the scene, you can still go to the local police precinct to file a report.

Recommended: Car Insurance Guide for New Drivers and 3 Ways to Save

The Takeaway

Car insurance pays a claim when there are injuries to people and damages to a vehicle when an accident has occurred. Types of coverage vary from minimal liability coverage to more broad-spectrum comprehensive and collision coverage, in addition to some coverage for special situations.

When you’re ready to shop for auto insurance, SoFi can help. Our online auto insurance comparison tool lets you see quotes from a network of top insurance providers within minutes, saving you time and hassle.

Compare quotes from top car insurance carriers.


Photo credit: iStock/Melena-Nsk

Auto Insurance: Must have a valid driver’s license. Not available in all states.
Home and Renters Insurance: Insurance not available in all states.
Experian is a registered trademark of Experian.
SoFi Insurance Agency, LLC. (“”SoFi””) is compensated by Experian for each customer who purchases a policy through the SoFi-Experian partnership.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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What Does Car Insurance Cover?

What Does Car Insurance Cover?

Should you get into a car accident and harm someone else or yourself with your car, your car insurance may cover the costs of medical bills. Depending on the coverage included in your policy, car insurance could also cover damage to your car while it’s parked, like if a large tree branch were to fall on it.

Ultimately, what your auto insurance will cover — and how much — depends on what type of car insurance you have and the amount of coverage you select. Read on to learn more about how exactly auto insurance works.

How Car Insurance Works

When you purchase car insurance, you can choose different types of insurance and policy amounts. Depending on the state where you live, there are certain car insurance requirements you’ll need to meet — more about this later on.

Adding more types of insurance and higher coverage limits provides greater coverage, but it also raises your premiums. Having a lower deductible can also bump up your rates. On the other hand, a higher deductible can lower your rates. (A deductible is a common insurance term that means how much you would need to pay upfront before insurance coverage kicks in.)

Recommended: How Does Car Insurance Work?

Car Insurance Requirements

Most states require car insurance, with the type of insurance and minimum coverage amounts depending on the state.

The only two states that do not require car insurance are Virginia and New Hampshire. While auto insurance is not mandatory in New Hampshire, if you’re at fault in an accident, you would need to show that you have enough funds to meet the state’s motor vehicle financial responsibility requirements. In Virginia, if you don’t have the minimum coverage amounts for car insurance, you’ll need to pay a yearly uninsured motor vehicle fee of $500 on top of your regular registration fees.

If you’re not sure what the minimum requirements for car insurance are where you live, you can check your state’s DMV site. Keep in mind that while you can squeak by with the minimum coverage, how much car insurance you need varies. Depending on your situation, it may be a good idea to get more coverage.

Discover real-time vehicle values with Auto Tracker.¹

Now you can instantly monitor vehicle prices in this unprecedented market—to help you make smart money moves.


Types of Car Insurance

When comparing car insurance, there are six main types to keep in mind.

Bodily Injury Liability

If you get into a car accident and are found to be at fault, bodily injury liability coverage can help cover medical bills and wages lost for taking time off of work because of bodily harm. It can also cover named drivers, such as family members on your policy or drivers who are using your car with your permission.

Bodily injury liability is typically must-have coverage. According to the Insurance Information Institute (III), the average claim for bodily injury was $22,734 in 2021. Having enough coverage could help protect your property, assets and home.

Collision

If you crash into another car or an object, or your car gets damaged from driving over a pothole, collision coverage can pay for the costs to repair any damages to your car. It can also cover damages should your car flip over. Once your deductible is paid, the coverage will kick in.

If the other driver is the one at fault, then typically a claim can be filed with their insurance company and they’ll cover the costs. In the case the other driver’s coverage amounts aren’t enough, and you don’t have uninsured motorist coverage (sometimes called underinsured coverage), then your own collision policy can step in.

If you’re taking out a loan and still paying off your car, lenders likely require you to have full coverage, which includes liability, collision, and comprehensive insurance.

Recommended: How Much Does Insurance Go Up After an Accident?

Comprehensive

While collision coverage can cover the costs of damage during a car crash, comprehensive liability includes everything else — like a deer running into the front of your car, riots and vandalism, a tree branch falling on your car, or a hail storm or other natural disaster. Comprehensive coverage can also pay for a broken windshield (though whether it makes sense to file a claim depends on your policy and deductible). It can also cover theft, of either your entire car or a piece of your car, such as a hood ornament.

As mentioned before, if you’re still making payments on your car, you most likely are required to have both comprehensive and collision insurance in addition to liability coverage.

Personal Injury Protection (PIP)

Should you, the driver, or your passengers get harmed in a car accident, personal injury protection (PIP), also known as medical payments coverage, can help pay for medical bills, lost wages and sometimes funeral costs. It can cover these costs no matter who is at fault, hence why it’s sometimes called no-fault insurance.

Depending on your policy, PIP can also help pay for bodily harm should you get injured while walking or riding a scooter or a bike.

Property Damage

Like bodily injury liability, property damage coverage is also usually required in most states. Let’s say you or a named driver on your policy damages another vehicle or property, such as the side of a building. In these situations, property damage can reimburse the cost of repairs.

Uninsured or Underinsured Motorist

In the case of a hit-and-run, uninsured or underinsured motorist coverage can foot the bill for covered damages. Or, should someone who hits you not have adequate insurance, this type of policy can help pay for any shortfalls.

Special Considerations When Choosing a Policy

Besides the standard types of policies, there are some additional considerations to keep in mind when it comes to choosing an auto insurance policy.

Roadside Assistance

While not a type of insurance, roadside assistance can come in handy should you get a flat tire or your battery dies while on the road. While you can usually attach this to your existing auto policy as an add-on, what exactly is covered might vary by carrier.

Outside of purchasing roadside assistance as an add-on to your car policy, you can also shop around for companies that offer roadside assistance as a standalone service.

New Car Replacement Coverage

If your new car gets totaled, new car replacement coverage can replace the vehicle in its entirety. This is usually available as an add-on if you purchased a policy with collision and comprehensive insurance.

Depending on the insurance company and carrier, this might cover cars that are no more than two years old. Plus, restrictions and limitations might differ.

Rental Reimbursement Coverage

If your car is getting repaired and those repairs are covered under a car insurance claim, a policy might include an add-on to cover the fees for getting a rental car or other transportation while your vehicle is in the shop. Whether you take public transit, rent a car, or take a rideshare, what exactly is covered depends on your specific policy and limits.

Rideshare Coverage

If you’re a rideshare driver for a company like Uber or Lyft, you’ll need to meet the minimum coverage amounts for that particular company. Some insurance companies provide rideshare coverage in their policies. If not, you might need to get a rideshare endorsement or a separate rideshare insurance policy.

Car Rental Coverage

If you have liability and comprehensive coverage on your car, then that coverage can typically carry over to when you rent a car within the country. As mentioned before, depending on the particulars of the policy and car insurance company, this might not be applicable in every state, and the amount of coverage can also vary.

Recommended: Car Insurance Guide for New Drivers and 3 Ways to Save

What Does Car Insurance NOT Cover?

While auto insurance can cover a lot of things, it doesn’t cover normal wear and tear or routine maintenance. And unless it’s a rental car, it doesn’t provide coverage when you’re driving someone else’s car.

A policy also doesn’t pay for lost personal belongings in your car, such as headphones or gym gear. This could be covered by a homeowners or renters insurance policy.

At the end of the day, not all policies are alike nor are they created equally. It’s important to check to see what your policy will cover.

The Takeaway

There are six main types of insurance: bodily injury liability, collision, comprehensive, personal injury protection, property damage and uninsured or underinsured motorist coverage. The type of coverage and limits required vary by state. When choosing a policy, you’ll also want to consider whether additional coverage like roadside assistance, car rental coverage, or new car replacement coverage is right for you.

Taking the opportunity to compare car insurance companies before committing to a policy can be a smart move that might save you money on your insurance rate. When you’re ready to shop for auto insurance, SoFi can help. Our online auto insurance comparison tool lets you see quotes from a network of top insurance providers within minutes, saving you time and hassle.

Compare quotes from top car insurance carriers.


Photo credit: iStock/tommaso79

¹SoFi Relay offers users the ability to connect both SoFi accounts and external accounts using Plaid, Inc’s service. Vehicle Identification Number is confirmed by LexisNexis and car values are provided by J.D. Power. Auto Tracker is provided on an “as-is, as-available” basis with all faults and defects, with no warranty, express or implied. The values shown on this page are a rough estimate based on your car’s year, make, and model, but don’t take into account things such as your mileage, accident history, or car condition.

SoFi Relay offers users the ability to connect both SoFi accounts and external accounts using Plaid, Inc.’s service. When you use the service to connect an account, you authorize SoFi to obtain account information from any external accounts as set forth in SoFi’s Terms of Use. Based on your consent SoFi will also automatically provide some financial data received from the credit bureau for your visibility, without the need of you connecting additional accounts. SoFi assumes no responsibility for the timeliness, accuracy, deletion, non-delivery or failure to store any user data, loss of user data, communications, or personalization settings. You shall confirm the accuracy of Plaid data through sources independent of SoFi. The credit score is a VantageScore® based on TransUnion® (the “Processing Agent”) data.

Insurance not available in all states.
Gabi is a registered service mark of Gabi Personal Insurance Agency, Inc.
SoFi is compensated by Gabi for each customer who completes an application through the SoFi-Gabi partnership.


Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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Can Medical Bills Affect Your Credit Report?

A hospitalization or medical treatment can carry a price tag that packs a serious punch. If you’re unable to deal with those costs and leave the resulting bill unpaid, insult can get added to injury in the form of damage to your credit score.

That’s because once a medical bill becomes delinquent, many hospitals and individual medical providers will send it to collections. Even though unpaid medical bills might affect your credit report, there are steps to take to potentially lessen the impact.

Do Medical Bills Hurt Your Credit?

Unpaid doctor or hospital bills typically don’t automatically hurt your credit score. Because most health care providers do not report to the credit bureaus, medical debt would have to get sent to collections in order to eventually appear on your credit report and have a potential effect on your credit score. The point at which medical providers will sell the debt to a collection agency is after it’s 60, 90, or 120 past due, depending on the provider.

After that, the three credit bureaus — Experian, Equifax, and TransUnion — have set a one-year waiting period from the time the bill is sent to collections until the medical debt is included on a consumer’s credit report. This is intended to make sure there’s enough time to solve any disputes with insurers and allow for delays in payment.

Further, the three major credit bureaus will soon no longer include unpaid medical bills in collections on a person’s credit report if the amount owed is less than $500. And in even better news, medical debt that was in collections but is now paid off will no longer be included on your credit report (usually, collections accounts take seven years to drop off a report).

On top of all that, some scoring models don’t weigh medical debt as heavily as they do other types of debt when calculating credit scores. In fact, some models may exclude unpaid medical debt entirely. So while medical bills can affect your credit, the effect might not be as drastic as other types of unpaid debt.

Can Medical Bills Be Removed From My Credit Report?

Unlike other types of debt, medical collections debt will no longer appear on your credit report once it is paid. Unpaid medical debt, however, can appear on your credit report for up to seven years if it remains unpaid. Fortunately, as time goes by, the account in collections counts less toward your credit scores.

If your bill was sent to collections by mistake, you may be able to have it removed by proving the error. Collect as much evidence as you can to make your case, such as credit card or checking account statements. You also might ask for payment records from your medical provider’s billing office.

You can file a dispute with the credit bureau that’s reporting the error. The credit bureau will then investigate and respond to you within 30 days. You may also receive email updates from the credit bureau regarding the status of your dispute.

Does Paying Off Medical Collections Improve Credit?

If you pay off medical collections debt, it will get removed from your credit report, which will have a positive impact on your credit score, and potentially a significant one. This is a recent change — previously, paid medical collections debt remained on credit reports for up to seven years.

One option to explore if you’re seeking to pay off your medical collections debt and thus get it removed from your credit report is to get your health insurance company to pay the debt. If you have reason to believe your insurance company should have paid a medical bill, ask your insurer to reconsider your insurance claims.

What to Do if You Can’t Pay Your Medical Bills

If the balance on your medical bill is your financial responsibility, but you’re unable to pay it, there may be ways to relieve your medical debt. Here are some options to consider:

•   Ask the medical provider to set up a payment plan. Discuss this option with your medical provider to find a plan that is manageable with your monthly budget.

•   Review your explanation of benefits the insurance company provides. Look out for billing errors or consider negotiating some of the medical charges, both of which could lower the total amount due.

•   Consider getting a temporary part-time job. This may help bring in extra income that you can put toward the medical debt.

•   Get assistance from a patient advocate. This might be an option worth considering if you can’t get the provider to budge on the payment.

•   Apply for a personal loan. Medical debt is one of the common uses for personal loans. If you can secure a personal loan that has a lower interest rate than credit cards, this may offer another option for payment. Note that your approval and the interest rate you’re offered on the loan will depend on your credit record and other factors — here are some tips to get your personal loan approved.

Being Proactive About Medical Bills

Just because you made your copay at the doctor’s office doesn’t necessarily mean the bill is settled. Additionally, the fact that the provider has billed your insurance company doesn’t automatically mean the amount will be accurate or even paid.

If you haven’t received a statement from your medical provider’s billing office within a few weeks of your appointment or hospital stay, it might be a good idea to call for a billing update. Catching errors early in the billing process can help keep medical bills off your credit report and in turn, prevent medical bills from affecting your credit score.

If you know ahead of time that you won’t be able to pay the entire amount owed, contacting the provider’s billing office and trying to negotiate a payment plan may be a good first step. If you can come to an agreement, it’s a good idea to get it in writing. If you can’t reach an agreement, start exploring other options, making sure to weigh the pros and cons and crunch the numbers, such as with a personal loan calculator.

Should a collection agency employee contact you about a bill that you think has been paid or should have been paid by insurance, stay calm. Ask if you can call back with information that shows there’s no open balance.

The Takeaway

If you have unpaid medical bills on your credit report, focusing on getting them paid has the potential to make a real difference in your financial future. Staying on top of medical bills can mean extra vigilance, but the effort is worth it to keep medical debt from affecting your credit.

If paying your medical bills with a personal loan makes sense for your financial situation, a medical loan from SoFi might be right for you. An unsecured SoFi personal loan can be used for medical bills, in addition to other expenses, and has no fees required, competitive interest rates, and a variety of repayment terms to work with different budgets.

Check your rate on a medical loan from SoFi.


Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.


Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .

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