SoFi

Buying an investment property to rent out or flip for a profit can be a great way to put extra cash in your pocket, but you may need a mortgage to pull it off.

Because there’s more risk involved for lenders, mortgage rates for “non-owner-occupied” property tend to be higher.

This article will discuss types of investment property loans, typical rates, and more.

Note: SoFi does not offer investment property mortgage rates at this time.

Why You Might Need an Investment Property Mortgage

Purchasing a rental property or buying a fixer-upper could be a rewarding way to invest your money, but if you don’t have the cash to pay out of pocket, you’ll need another way to fund the deal.

For many, that means taking out an investment property loan.

Recommended: How to Shop for a Mortgage

Types of Investment Property Loans

The type of mortgage loan you choose can affect your interest rate and required down payment.

How you plan to use the investment property and the number of units it contains also will affect your loan choices.

Conventional and Government Loans

Experienced investors typically prefer conventional loans when buying two- to four-unit properties. Buildings with four or fewer units are considered residential and eligible for the same loans as a single-family home.

Those with five or more units require a commercial loan, which usually has a higher rate, higher down payment requirement, and shorter term.

FHA and VA loans, government-backed home loans, can be used to buy a two- to four-unit property with a low down payment or none at all, respectively, if you live in one of the units.
Is the sky the limit? Not exactly.

The Federal Housing Finance Agency sets conventional conforming loan limits each year that depend on the number of units (one, two, three, or four) and the cost of the area. Staying under a loan limit means you’ll most likely obtain a lower-cost mortgage.

But jumbo loans, which exceed those limits, have their place. Lenders set their own limits and other criteria.

FHA loan limits for one to four units are set at 65% of the new year’s conforming loan limits. There are no VA loan limits for active-duty military members and veterans who have full VA loan entitlement.

Home Equity Loan or HELOC

If you have enough equity in your primary residence, you may be able to take out a home equity loan or home equity line of credit (HELOC) to fund your investment.

Other Kinds of Financing

Finally, if you’re serious about getting an investment property, you can think about and read up on these options:

•   personal loan

•   cash-out refinance

•   hard money loan

•   owner financing

•   assumable mortgage

Understanding Investment Property Mortgage Rates

It’s no surprise that rising inflation influences mortgage rates and that rates have risen — but they’re even higher for investment properties. Though rental property mortgage rates can vary, they are often at least 0.50% to 1% higher than rates for a primary residence.

Why are investment mortgage rates higher? Lending to an investor is inherently riskier. While someone who purchases a primary residence is likely to prioritize the mortgage payments for that house, an investor often has their own primary residence to prioritize above the investment property, meaning they would likely default on the investment mortgage before their own.

•   If the investment property is a flip but doesn’t sell as quickly as expected, the investor must keep making mortgage payments on the home after investing money to renovate — and may struggle to do so.

•   If the investment property is a rental, a vacancy results in no rental income to put toward the mortgage.

Recommended: Home Loan Help Center

What Determines the Rate?

So what determines investment property mortgage rates? Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac set rules regarding conventional investment property mortgages, including rate increases for single-unit and multiunit properties. Beyond that, mortgage rates for rental properties depend on a few additional factors:

Credit Score

As with any loan, a higher credit score typically results in a lower interest rate for an investment property mortgage.

Recommended: 18 Mortgage Questions for Your Lender

Debt-to-Income Ratio (DTI)

The lower your debt-to-income ratio, the better your chances of loan approval — and at a better rate. To calculate your DTI, add all your monthly debt payments, divide them by your gross monthly income, and multiply the result by 100.

Generally, 43% is the highest DTI you can have and still qualify for a mortgage, but many lenders prefer to see a 36% DTI or lower.

The lender may factor in 75% of your projected rental income when calculating your DTI, which works in your favor.

Cash Reserves

Because you may not immediately make money from an investment property — you typically need time to find renters or to rehab and list — lenders often like to see that you have adequate cash reserves.

Cash reserves refer to liquid (i.e., accessible) money that you have set aside for use in an emergency; in this case, it’s to cover the mortgage until your investment starts showing some ROI.

Though it can vary by lender, having six months’ worth of mortgage payments is often a good start. Having even more could improve your chances of approval and a lower rate.

Loan-to-Value Ratio (LTV) on the Investment Property

As with a traditional mortgage, lenders consider the loan-to-value ratio on the investment property. LTV expresses the ratio between how much money you’re borrowing and the appraised value of the property.

The closer those two numbers are, the higher the LTV ratio (expressed as a percentage) will be. By making a larger down payment and financing less, you can lower the LTV and potentially increase your chance for approval at a lower rate.

Making a Larger Down Payment

On a related note, you might benefit from offering a larger down payment. Although you may get approval with only 15% down, a larger down payment may yield a lower rate.

Not sure where to start? You can use a mortgage calculator to see how different down payment amounts may affect monthly payment and interest paid.

Recommended: How to Buy a Multifamily Property With No Money Down

Getting a Lower Investment Property Mortgage Rate

Now that you know what determines a rental property mortgage rate, let’s see how you can use that info to potentially earn a lower one.

Coming in With a Good Credit Score

Other than an FHA loan, which is more lenient about credit scores, lenders usually require a minimum credit score of 640 for investment property loans; some set the barrier for entry at 680.

Regardless, catapulting your number into the high FICO score range can improve your chances of a lower rate.

Paying Off Debt

A lower DTI ratio may also improve your chances of approval and a lower interest rate. But repaying debt is easier said than done; you may need to wait on an investment property if you’re working toward paying down a lot of credit card debt.

Increasing Your Cash Reserves

Showing a lender that you can cover the mortgage and other expenses like renovations or maintenance increases the odds of approval. The more liquid money you have, the lower your interest rate could be.

The Takeaway

Investment property loans are a good way for investors to purchase real estate for a rental property or a house flip, but the rates tend to be higher than rates for mortgages for a primary residence. A lender may offer a lower rate depending on a credit score, down payment, debt load, and cash reserves.

3 Home Loan Tips

1.    To see a house in person, particularly in a tight or expensive market, you may need to show proof of prequalification to the real estate agent. With SoFi’s online application, it can take just minutes to get prequalified.

2.    Your parents or grandparents probably got mortgages for 30 years. But these days, you can get them for 20, 15, or 10 years — and pay less interest over the life of the loan.

3.    Thinking of using a mortgage broker? That person will try to help you save money by finding the best loan offers you are eligible for. But if you deal directly with a mortgage lender, you won’t have to pay a mortgage broker’s commission, which is usually based on the mortgage amount.

FAQ

Can I get a mortgage for an investment property?

You can if you qualify, but keep in mind that investment property mortgage rates are typically higher, and lenders may have stricter requirements for approval.

Do investment properties have higher mortgage rates?

In general, yes, because lenders take on more risk when lending to an investor than to a person or family shopping for a primary dwelling.

What’s the minimum down payment for an investment property mortgage?

The minimum down payment for an investment property depends on the type of loan you’re using.
For a conventional loan, you usually need to put down at least 15%. An FHA loan for an owner-occupied one- to four-unit property calls for a down payment as low as 3.5%; a similar VA loan, no down payment.

Photo credit: iStock/Drazen Zigic

SoFi Mortgages
Terms, conditions, and state restrictions apply. Not all products are available in all states. See SoFi.com/eligibility-criteria for more information.

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

SOHL0322002

Long-term personal loans can be an attractive option if you’re facing large expenses like medical bills or home repairs. By spreading out repayment over a longer period of time, long-term loans may allow for lower monthly payment amounts that can make major costs more affordable.

However, long-term loans can have drawbacks, too. They may have higher cumulative interest than short-term loans and can be difficult to qualify for since they’re often unsecured.

Here’s what you need to know if you’re deciding whether or not a long-term, unsecured personal loan is right for you:

What Is a Long-Term Loan?

As its name suggests, a long-term loan is one whose repayment period, or term, is fairly lengthy. Generally, long-term personal loans carry terms between 60 and 84 months, or five to seven years.

Mortgages and private student loans are also examples of long-term loans. Mortgages, for instance, are frequently repaid over as many as 30 years.

For the purposes of this article, we’re talking about long-term, unsecured personal loans, which borrowers can use for a variety of things. These loans can allow consumers to make big purchases or pay expensive bills by paying the total off over several years’ time.


💡 Quick Tip: A low-interest personal loan from SoFi can help you consolidate your debts, lower your monthly payments, and get you out of debt sooner.

Benefits of Long-Term Personal Loans

There are plenty of reasons why a long-term loan might be a worthy consideration for large expenses.

Large Loan Amounts

While short-term loans and credit cards may cap out at a few thousand dollars, long-term, unsecured personal loans are available at much higher amounts — up to as much as $100,000.

So depending on what you need the money for, a long-term personal loan might give you more leverage than other types of funding.

Affordable Monthly Payments

Since long-term personal loans are paid off over many months, the monthly payments are often lower than they would be with a shorter-term loan.

However, that doesn’t mean a long-term loan is less expensive in the long run.

Flexibility

Unlike secured loans, which are tied to a physical piece of collateral or the need to be used for a specified purpose, unsecured personal loans can be taken out for a wide range of intended purposes. Common reasons borrowers take out personal loans include:

• Home renovations or repairs.

• Medical expenses.

• Wedding loans or funeral expenses.

• Debt consolidation.

Affordable Monthly Payments

Since long-term personal loans are paid off over many months, the monthly payments are often lower than they would be with a shorter-term loan.

However, that doesn’t mean a long-term loan is less expensive in the long run.

Drawbacks of Long-Term Personal Loans

There are also some drawbacks worth considering before you apply for an unsecured personal loan.

Potentially Higher Interest Rates

Although long-term, unsecured personal loans may have smaller monthly payments, they may carry higher interest rates than shorter-term, unsecured personal loans. And even at the same interest rate, they cost more over time.

Personal loan interest rates can range from as little as 6.99% to as much as 35.99% APR.

For example, imagine you take out a $10,000 loan at an interest rate of 10%. To repay the loan in a single year, you’d have to pay a whopping $879 per month, but you’d only pay a total of $550 in interest over the lifetime of the loan.

To repay the loan in seven years, you’d pay only $166 per month, but you’d also pay $3,945 in interest along the way.

So while long-term, unsecured personal loans can make large purchases feasible, factoring in the total cost over the lifetime of the loan before you sign those papers is also important.

Long-Term Debt

Along with higher interest rates, long-term loans do, obviously, mean going into debt for a longer period of time — unless you plan to pay off your loan early. A thorough review of the loan agreement will disclose prepayment penalties or other fees that can be costly in their own right.

Furthermore, the future is unpredictable. Five to seven years down the line, that promotion you were counting on might fall through or another life circumstance might supersede your repayment plans.

If you find yourself in a situation where you need to borrow more cash, it can be difficult to increase your personal loan amount.

Although unsecured personal loans can be helpful when life throws big expenses your way, they’re still a form of consumer debt, and, ideally, minimizing debt is a smart thing to do.

Qualification Difficulties

Long-term, unsecured personal loans may have more stringent qualification requirements than other types of credit. That’s because, from the lender’s perspective, they’re riskier than loans for smaller amounts or those that come attached to physical collateral.

Along with your credit score and history, a potential lender might also require proof of income and employment or a certain debt-to-income ratio. Depending on the stability of your financial situation, you may or may not qualify for the best interest rates and terms or be considered eligible to take out the loan at all, at least without a cosigner or co-borrower.


💡 Quick Tip: Generally, the larger the personal loan, the bigger the risk for the lender — and the higher the interest rate. So one way to lower your interest rate is to try downsizing your loan amount.

Alternatives to Long-Term Loans

Ideally, the best way to pay for a large purchase is to save up the cash and pay for it without going into debt at all. Of course, this may not always be possible or realistic.

If you’re not sure about taking out a long-term, unsecured personal loan, there are other alternatives to consider. However, each of these comes with its own risk-to-reward ratio as well.

You might consider borrowing money from friends and family, but those important relationships can suffer if your repayment doesn’t go as planned. A written repayment agreement can go a long way toward making the transaction as transparent as possible, with expectations of both parties clearly outlined.

Another option might be saving part of the money you need and applying for a short-term, unsecured personal loan for the remainder. This means delaying a purchase until savings can accumulate, and might not work if the money is needed sooner rather than later.

The Takeaway

Long-term loans are those whose repayment periods generally span between five and seven years, which can help borrowers fund expensive purchases while making affordable monthly payments.

However, the longer-term can also mean more interest charges over time, making these unsecured personal loans more expensive relative to shorter-term lending options. And like any form of consumer debt, they carry risk.

Your credit score and/or financial situation can suffer if you find yourself unable to repay the personal loan.

That said, when used responsibly, long-term, unsecured personal loans can be a smart financial choice, particularly if you shop around for a lender who offers affordable, fixed interest rates, low fees, and great customer service to ensure you’ll always be in the know and in control.

Think twice before turning to high-interest credit cards. Consider a SoFi personal loan instead. SoFi offers competitive fixed rates and same-day funding. Checking your rate takes just a minute.

Photo credit: iStock/Melpomenem

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

SOPL1023022

On the popular credit score spectrum of 300 to 850, where does a score start breaking bad? Different sources cite 670 or 630 or 600. But each lender makes its own determination of which credit scores are considered risky.

You usually need a credit score of at least 620 to get a conventional mortgage (one not backed by a government agency), but someone with a credit score as low as 500 to 580 may be able to qualify for an FHA or VA loan.

We’ll sort through the different credit score requirements, and the factors that might cause your score to drop, so you can work on building better financial habits.

Bad or Poor Credit Score Ranges

The most commonly used credit scores are calculated by FICO® and VantageScore®, and the two companies rank scores a little differently.

As you can see, a Poor credit score from FICO is not the same as that from VantageScore. FICO defines Poor as 579 or below (no one has a score below 300), whereas VantageScore’s Poor range tops out at 600.

To complicate matters, lenders may choose from multiple scoring models and industry-specific scoring models. This makes it tricky to know which one you’re being evaluated on. And your credit scores vary — yes, you have multiple scores.

A score in the 600s is typically high enough to qualify for some loans and credit cards. And generally, the best rates go to borrowers with scores in the mid-700s and above.

What’s the nationwide average? “Good.” As of this writing, Americans had an average FICO Score of 716 and a VantageScore of 698.

Recommended: How to Get Approved for a Personal Loan

What Determines Credit Scores?

A credit score is a number that summarizes your financial history in order to help lenders gauge the risk of extending credit. The higher your credit score, the more confident they are that you’ll repay your debt, and on time.

Your credit score is based on factors like how often you pay your bills on time, how many loans and credit cards you have, your debt relative to your credit limits, and the average age of your accounts. It also considers negative financial events such as judgments, collections actions, and bankruptcies.

Not all financial transactions get reported to the credit bureaus. Payday loans, a type of unsecured personal loan, are considered risky for consumers but don’t affect your credit score for better or worse.

Three major credit reporting agencies — TransUnion, Equifax, and Experian — compile the information on your history of borrowing, and then a company like FICO or VantageScore translates that data into a number.

Recommended: Secured vs Unsecured Personal Loans

Why Your Credit Score May Be Bad

If you’re worried about your credit score, it can help to understand what actions, or inaction, count against you. First there are the obvious slip-ups: missed payments, late payments, and defaulting on accounts. Applying for a lot of credit in a short time is also a red flag for lenders.

Other factors may not hurt your credit score, but they won’t help you build a solid credit history either. If they surprise you, you’re not alone.

•   You’re a recent grad. Although age cannot be used against you, younger people generally haven’t been financially independent long enough to have built up a significant financial history. “Credit age” accounts for about 15% of your score.

•   You rarely use credit cards. Paying through money-transfer apps (also known as peer-to-peer, or P2P, apps) is convenient, but using them doesn’t contribute to your credit history. “Credit mix,” or the different types of credit you use, makes up 10% of your score.

•   Your credit limit is low, and you spend almost the limit every month. You may think you’re living within your means, but lenders consider this a risky situation. “Credit utilization” accounts for a whopping 30% of your score.

How Bad Credit Can Affect You

Your credit score is just one factor that lenders consider when evaluating your application for things like a loan, but it carries a lot of weight. Your credit score not only affects your odds of approval for loans and credit cards, it plays a big role in determining the interest rates and repayment terms you’re offered.

Here are some of the things that take your credit history into consideration:

•   Credit cards

•   Car loans

•   Home loans

•   Personal loans

•   Private student loans

•   Federal PLUS loans

•   Car insurance premiums (in some states)

•   Homeowners insurance

In addition, your credit history may be weighed during a job or rental application.

Nonprime borrowers — generally defined as those with credit scores from 601 to 660, and who have negative items on their credit report — typically don’t get the lowest rates or most ideal terms when procuring a home or car loan.

For example, the interest rate on a subprime 30-year mortgage can be double or triple the average rate. A bigger down payment is usually required, and the repayment term may stretch to 40 or even 50 years, so the amount of interest paid over the life of the loan can be extraordinary.

Building Your Credit Responsibly

Millions of Americans have no credit score because they don’t have enough of a history to calculate one. If this is your situation, you have a couple of options. You may want to consider taking out a secured credit card that will allow you to access a modest line of credit by putting down a deposit.

You can also ask a friend or family member to add you as an authorized user to their credit card account. An authorized user can use the account but does not have any liability for the debt.

If you fall into the so-called bad credit score range, remember that it isn’t set in stone. There are steps you can take to help build your credit. It won’t happen overnight — any promise of a quick fix could be a scam.

But with a sustained effort, you may see a change in six months to a year, according to the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), a government agency. Here are some ideas to add to your Financial Adulting checklist.

Pay Bills on Time

An effective way to improve your creditworthiness in the eyes of lenders is to pay all your bills by the due date, every single time. If you have been late with any payments, consider getting caught up.

If you tend to forget bills, consider brushing up on how autopay works and set up payments through an app, an online bank account, or the entity billing you. Putting reminders on a paper or electronic calendar can help as well.

Pay Attention to Revolving Debt

Remember “credit utilization”? It’s generally a good idea to use no more than 30% of your total available credit. The CFPB says that paying off credit card balances in full each month helps to keep the ratio low and strengthen a credit score.

Credit utilization involves credit card and other revolving debts, not installment loans like mortgages or student loans.

Check Credit Reports and Scores

Between identity theft and plain human error, it’s worth reviewing your credit report for any unfamiliar charges or records, since the information in your credit report is used to generate your credit scores.

You can order a copy of your credit report from each of the three major reporting agencies for free at AnnualCreditReport.com. Look for mistakes in your contact details, accounts that don’t belong to you, incorrect reports of late payments, or accounts you closed being shown as open.

Credit reports do not show credit scores. How to get credit score updates then? A few options:

•   Buy your FICO Score from myfico.com.

•   Get your FICO Score for free from Experian.

•   Look for your scores on a loan or credit card statement.

•   Sign up for SoFi Relay, which provides weekly credit score updates and tracks all of your money in one place at no charge.

Closing and Opening Credit Cards Carefully

The average age of your accounts plays a role in your credit score, so you may want to keep some of your oldest cards open, even if you don’t use them often. Remember that closing cards also reduces your available credit, affecting your credit utilization ratio.

Opening cards affects your credit score as well. Every time you apply, the credit card company runs a hard inquiry on your credit, and your score takes a slight hit. Applying for a bunch of cards in quick succession can make it look like your financial situation has taken a turn for the worse.

Recommended: Does Applying For a Credit Card Hurt Your Credit Score

The Takeaway

A bad credit score is defined differently by individual lenders and credit bureaus. But a score in the 500s will make it difficult to qualify for a conventional mortgage, and can cost you money through higher interest rates. But with time and dedication, the tide can be turned.

If you’re struggling to reduce high-interest credit card balances or other debt, an unsecured personal loan may come in handy. SoFi fixed-rate personal loans can be used for almost any purpose.

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Non affiliation: SoFi isn’t affiliated with any of the companies highlighted in this article.

SOPL0722006

P2P payments, aka peer-to-peer transfers, are a great way to use digital technology to send money to other people or receive funds from them. With a money transfer app or perhaps one from your financial institution, you can send a friend your half of the dinner bill, gas money, or other payments, quickly and easily from your mobile device. Chances are, you can also buy items (say, on Instagram or a website) using one of these apps.

To move money via P2P, all you need to do is to download one of the transfer apps, like Venmo or PayPal, and connect your bank account, debit card, or credit card to it. Or your financial institution may offer their own app that you could enable. Either way, once you are set up, you are just a few clicks away from being able to send money.

Here’s a closer look at exactly how these apps work, including:

•   What is a P2P money transfer?

•   How does a P2P payment work?

•   How long does a P2P transfer take?

•   Are P2P payments safe?

•   What are some alternatives to P2P payments?

What Is a P2P Payment?

With a P2P payment, you can send money to a friend with just a few clicks on your mobile device. This replaces the need to get cash at an ATM or write out a personal check, options that aren’t always quick or convenient.

For traditional P2P apps, both parties need to have an account with the transfer service in order to make the transaction. For example, if you want to use Venmo to repay a friend for the salad they bought you at lunchtime, that person would also need to have a Venmo account to receive that payment.

Typically, a P2P account is attached to your bank account online. Some P2P platforms, however, allow customers to link their P2P accounts to a debit card or even a credit card, though it may involve additional fees.

Recommended: How to Transfer Money From One Bank to Another

Understanding How P2P Transfers Work

How does a P2P payment work? Here’s a closer look at what goes on when you use a P2P payment app.

Overview of the P2P Transfer Process

Say that you want to send money P2P to your sister for your mother’s birthday present. Depending on the type of P2P service you use, you’ll follow some variation of these basic steps.

•   Creating a P2P Account. You will need to download a P2P app and then sign up for an account. In order to send money to your sister, you’ll both need to have an account with the same money transfer service.

•   Linking your bank account to your P2P account. Some P2P services have the ability to hold funds, but they generally must be linked to a primary bank account, credit card, or debit card in order to be fully operational. This is how the account will pull any funds needed to make a payment.

To link your checking account, you may need your checking and routing number (which appear at the bottom of a check). Some P2P transfer services may only need your bank log-in information. Others may allow you to set up extra verification measures.

•   Searching for a user to transfer funds to. To send money to your sister, you’ll need to find her on the P2P platform. You can typically search by username, email address, or a phone number. In most cases you will be able to add her account as a contact or “friend” in your account.

•   Initiating a transfer. The next step in how a P2P payment works is getting the money moving. Your sister can request a payment from you, or you can initiate the payment yourself. This requires choosing the option to send funds, entering a dollar amount, and then clicking submit. If you’ve enabled additional security measures on your account, you may need to enter a PIN that gets texted to you as well.

You may be prompted to choose whether you are making a purchase or sending money to a friend or family member. This can impact whether fees get assessed and what kind of protection you receive for the transaction.

You may have the option to add a description or “memo” to your transaction. Some P2P services may require this information so that they can charge a fee for business-related transactions. Others offer the option to act as a personal ledger should you need it in the future.

•   Waiting for the transfer to complete. Now the funds are in motion via a P2P bank transfer. When money is sent from one customer to another, it moves in the form of an electronic package safeguarded with multiple layers of data encryption. This makes it hard for hackers to access the data (like your bank account number) within the transfer while it is in motion. Similarly, data encryption keeps your money and account information safe. Once the data set reaches its destination, it is decoded and deposited as currency.

•   Transferring the funds into the payee’s bank account. When a P2P transfer is completed, the funds may be deposited directly into your sister’s bank account. Or they may go into an account created for her by the P2P service. Funds received into P2P user accounts can then be transferred into traditional bank accounts at little to no cost. (You are likely to pay a fee if you want the funds transferred ASAP versus in a couple of days.)

Your sister will likely receive some combination of email, text, and/or in-app notifications that the funds have arrived. If she decides to leave the money in her P2P account, she can use that account balance the next time she needs to pay someone or purchase something from a business that accepts P2P transactions.

How Long Do P2P Transfers Take?

The general rule of thumb for P2P transfer services is to allow one to three business days for a transfer to complete (although some seem instantaneous; timing varies). That’s because standard bank transfers use the ACH (or Automated Clearing House) system, which can take a day or two to complete.

When it comes time to move funds from the app to, say, a checking account, some apps may charge a small fee, often around 1.75% of the overall transfer amount.

Are P2P Money Transfers Safe?

Many people wonder, Are mobile payment apps safe? Any time your bank account, credit, or debit card information is online, there is a chance that someone can get a hold of it, and P2Ps are no different. While all major money transfer companies encrypt your financial information, no P2P system can say it’s totally impervious to hacks and scams.

There are also additional measures you can take to make sure that your account remains secure. For example, you may be able to set up two-factor authentication, which might involve typing in a unique pin number that is texted to your phone for each transaction. Or you might elect to receive notifications each time there’s a transaction posted on your account, enabling you to spot financial fraud right away if it were to happen.

You may also want to take care when you type in a recipient’s email address, phone number, or name. A typo could lead to the money going to the wrong person.

How Do Peer-to-Peer Transfer Companies Make Money?

P2P transactions are largely offered for free to consumers, which may beg the question of how the companies that offer these services stay in business. Here are two major ways that P2P money transfer apps may generate income.

Account Fees

Typically, you can make P2P payments from a linked bank account or straight from the P2P account for free. If you want an instant transfer or you are transferring money using a credit card or from depositing checks into your P2P account, there may be a fee involved.

Business Fees

P2P platforms aren’t just for consumers — they are used by businesses as well. Compared to the free transactions that standard user profiles offer, business profiles are generally subject to a seller transaction fee for each customer purchase made with a P2P money transfer app. Venmo, for instance, charges a fee of 1.9%, plus 10 cents for each transaction.

What Are the Benefits of P2P Money Transfers?

There are three main benefits to using online money transfer services.

•   They’re fast. Depending on the service, P2P money transfers can happen very quickly. They can take anywhere from just a few seconds to a couple of business days.

•   They’re cheap. When exchanging money between friends and family, P2P money transfers are often free. There may be a small fee, however, if you want an instant bank transfer, are using a credit card instead of a bank account, are making a transfer above a certain dollar amount, are conducting a high volume of transfers, or are using the service for a business transaction.

•   They’re easy. P2P transfers eliminate the need to make trips to the ATM or a local bank branch to get cash. They also eliminate the need to get out your checkbook, write a check, and then mail it to someone. For a P2P transfer, all you likely need is a mobile device, the app, and cell service or WiFi.

Alternatives to P2P Money Transfers

What if a P2P money transfer isn’t available or doesn’t suit your needs? Try these options instead to move money.

Sending a Check

You can go old-school and write a paper check. You fill out the necessary details and hand or mail the check to the person you are paying. Typically, no fee is involved, although you may have to pay for a new checkbook when you run low and order more checks.

Money Orders

Money orders are in some ways similar to a check, but you don’t write them from a bank account. Instead, you purchase them (essentially pre-paying for the amount you are sending) at the post office, businesses like Western Union or Moneygram, or from certain retailers.

Typically, you will pay a small fee. For example, the United States Post Office will issue money orders up to and including $1,000. Those that are for amounts up to $500 will be assessed a $1.75 fee; for ones that are $500.01 to $1,000, $2.40 will be charged. Once you have a money order, you can either give it to the recipient in person or mail it. You can also typically track a money order to see when it’s cashed.

Using Online Bill Payment Services

Many financial institutions offer ways for their customers to pay bills electronically. A key feature of mobile banking, this service can be a simple way to send funds from your checking account, regardless of where you are or what time it is. You may be able to set up recurring payments as well for bills you receive regularly.

Wire Transfers

Wire transfers are another way to send funds electronically using a network of financial institutions and transfer agencies that operate globally. Typically, you will access a wire transfer via your bank, its website, or its app. You’ll need to have your payee’s banking details and will likely pay a fee to wire money.

For instance, domestic wire transfers can charge a fee of anywhere from $15 to $50, and they can be processed in a few hours or within a day. International wire transfers can cost more (with both the sender and recipient possibly paying fees) and can take longer, typically two days.

Recommended: What Is an E-Check (Electronic Check)?

The Takeaway

Peer-to-Peer (or P2P) payment apps facilitate mobile money transactions. You can use them in place of cash or writing a check when you want to give friends or family money, whether it’s to cover your portion of a dinner bill or split the cost of a vacation rental. Some businesses also accept this form of payment.

All you need to make a P2P transfer is a mobile device, an internet connection, and your P2P app, which you must link to your bank account or credit card.

Customers with a SoFi online bank account can send money to any person, anywhere, even if that person doesn’t have a SoFi Checking and Savings account. If the person does happen to be a member of SoFi, the transfer will happen instantaneously. That’s not the only reason to open an online bank account with SoFi, though: You’ll also earn a competitive annual percentage yield (APY), pay no account fees, and, for qualifying accounts, get paycheck access up to two days early.

FAQ

How much time does a P2P transfer take?

P2P accounts can take just a few seconds or a couple of days to move funds. Then, if the person who has money in the P2P app wants to transfer their cash to a bank account, that can also take between hours and a few days. Often, you may be charged a fee if you want the money moved ASAP.

Is P2P digital money?

P2P, or peer-to-peer-payments, are a digital way of moving funds from one person to another. Once the transfer is complete, the recipient has money they can use to pay for purchases or transfer into a bank account.

What’s an example of a P2P payment?

An example of a P2P payment would be to use a P2P app such as PayPal or Venmo to send funds to a friend you owe money. Or you might send a payment to a service provider or retailer using P2P apps as well.

Do banks use P2P?

Many banks offer their own version of P2P apps. For example, you might be able to almost instantly send funds from your account to a friend, a retailer, or a service provider.

SoFi® Checking and Savings is offered through SoFi Bank, N.A. ©2024 SoFi Bank, N.A. All rights reserved. Member FDIC. Equal Housing Lender.
The SoFi Bank Debit Mastercard® is issued by SoFi Bank, N.A., pursuant to license by Mastercard International Incorporated and can be used everywhere Mastercard is accepted. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated.

SoFi members with direct deposit activity can earn 4.00% annual percentage yield (APY) on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Direct Deposit means a recurring deposit of regular income to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government benefit payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Deposits that are not from an employer or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, or are non-recurring in nature (e.g., IRS tax refunds), do not constitute Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate. SoFi members with direct deposit are eligible for other SoFi Plus benefits.

As an alternative to direct deposit, SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits can earn 4.00% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Qualifying Deposits means one or more deposits that, in the aggregate, are equal to or greater than $5,000 to an account holder’s SoFi Checking and Savings account (“Qualifying Deposits”) during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Qualifying Deposits only include those deposits from the following eligible sources: (i) ACH transfers, (ii) inbound wire transfers, (iii) peer-to-peer transfers (i.e., external transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc. and internal peer-to-peer transfers from a SoFi account belonging to another account holder), (iv) check deposits, (v) instant funding to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, (vi) push payments to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, and (vii) cash deposits. Qualifying Deposits do not include: (i) transfers between an account holder’s Checking account, Savings account, and/or Vaults; (ii) interest payments; (iii) bonuses issued by SoFi Bank or its affiliates; or (iv) credits, reversals, and refunds from SoFi Bank, N.A. (“SoFi Bank”) or from a merchant. SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits are not eligible for other SoFi Plus benefits.

SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder’s Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits throughout each 30-Day Evaluation Period to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility. The 30-Day Evaluation Period refers to the “Start Date” and “End Date” set forth on the APY Details page of your account, which comprises a period of 30 calendar days (the “30-Day Evaluation Period”). You can access the APY Details page at any time by logging into your SoFi account on the SoFi mobile app or SoFi website and selecting either (i) Banking > Savings > Current APY or (ii) Banking > Checking > Current APY. Upon receiving a Direct Deposit or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits to your account, you will begin earning 4.00% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% on checking balances on or before the following calendar day. You will continue to earn these APYs for (i) the remainder of the current 30-Day Evaluation Period and through the end of the subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period and (ii) any following 30-day Evaluation Periods during which SoFi Bank determines you to have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits without interruption.

SoFi Bank reserves the right to grant a grace period to account holders following a change in Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits activity before adjusting rates. If SoFi Bank grants you a grace period, the dates for such grace period will be reflected on the APY Details page of your account. If SoFi Bank determines that you did not have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits during the current 30-day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, then you will begin earning the rates earned by account holders without either Direct Deposit or Qualifying Deposits until you have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits in a subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period. For the avoidance of doubt, an account holder with both Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits will earn the rates earned by account holders with Direct Deposit.

Members without either Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits, as determined by SoFi Bank, during a 30-Day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, will earn 1.20% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances.

Interest rates are variable and subject to change at any time. These rates are current as of 12/3/24. There is no minimum balance requirement. Additional information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

SOBK0223032