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Mar

2023

Average Cost of Car Insurance in California

By Kelly Boyer Sagert | Family Finances, Insurance, money | Comments Off

Most drivers know that the cost of car insurance in California varies, sometimes by hundreds of dollars. What you pay may be substantially different from what your friend pays, even if you have similar driving records and similar cars. That’s because there are dozens of data points that car insurance companies consider, from your age and Zip code to your insurance deductible and amount of coverage.

Keep reading to find out the average cost of car insurance in California, and how you can lower your premiums without sacrificing the coverage you need.

How Much Does Car Insurance Cost in California?

Drivers in California pay on average $1,940 a year — 35% higher than the national average, according to U.S. News & World Report. In a state where housing prices and the cost of living are so high, it stands to reason that car insurance is more expensive. But what exactly goes into insurance companies’ calculations?

The California Department of Insurance weighs the following information in its estimates:

• Coverage type. Liability Only vs. Standard.

• Location. Divided into cities and, in bigger cities, into regions/neighborhoods.

• Number of drivers covered. Single, couple, or family.

• Years licensed.

• Annual mileage.

• Driving record.

• Vehicle.

Average Car Insurance Cost in California per Month

Each insurance company has its own formula for calculating insurance rates. The table below shows how premiums vary among the ten largest insurance companies serving California.

These quotes are for a single driver in East Los Angeles, licensed for 8-13 years, who drives 12,000-16,000 miles annually and has one ticket.

Insurance Company	Annual Premium	Monthly Premium
Allstate	$4,289	$357
Capital	$2,690	$224
Chubb	$5,374	$448
Farmers	$4,848	$404
Geico	$3,764	$314
Kemper	$3,400	$283
Mercury	$3,336	$278
Nationwide	$4,359	$363
State Farm	$5,503	$459
Wawanesa	$3,107	$259

Data per the California Department of Insurance

Recommended: Car Insurance Terms Explained

Average Car Insurance Cost in California By City

Your location has a big influence on the cost of car insurance in California. Insurance companies actually track traffic volume, accidents, and crime in different neighborhoods across the state. Drivers in more populated areas pay more than those who live in small towns or out in the countryside.

Here are average costs for standard car insurance in ten of California’s biggest cities.

Anaheim (Brookhurst Center)

City	Annual Premium	Monthly Premium
Los Angeles (East)	$4,462	$372
San Diego (Mira Mesa)	$3,527	$294
San Jose (95111)	$4,235	$353
San Francisco (Sunset)	$4,734	$395
Fresno (Sunnyside)	$3,847	$321
Sacramento (Fruitridge)	$4,335	$361
Oakland (Piedmont)	$4,137	$345
Bakersfield (Kern City)	$3,876	$323
$4,161	$347
Riverside (92503)	$4,069	$339

Data per the California Department of Insurance

Average Car Insurance Cost in California By Age of Driver

A driver’s age (or experience level, really) also plays a role in the cost of car insurance. A teenager who has just gotten their license is considered a greater risk by insurance companies. Higher risk translates to higher premiums. This is why many teens share a policy with parents. Once a driver hits age 20 (and still has a clean driving record), premiums often decrease. To find the best deal for younger drivers, compare quotes from an online insurance marketplace.

According to the California Department of Insurance, the average cost of car insurance in Los Angeles for a couple with a teenage driver is about $8,000 annually, or $667 monthly, for standard coverage. If you’re in this predicament, our car insurance tips for first time drivers may be helpful.

Average Car Insurance Cost in California After an At-Fault Accident

Your driving record has a major effect on your insurance premiums. Whether you’re involved in a fender bender or a more serious crash, insurance companies just need to know whether you were at fault.

As with our insurance company breakdown above, the quotes below are for a single driver in East Los Angeles, licensed for 8-13 years, who drives 12,000-16,000 miles annually and has one ticket. In this scenario, they’re looking to insure a Honda Accord, before and after an at-fault accident.

City	Clean Record	After an Accident
Los Angeles (East)	$3,446	$4,882
San Diego (Mira Mesa)	$2,718	$3,832
San Jose (95111)	$3,283	$4,612
San Francisco (Sunset)	$3,660	$5,151
Fresno (Sunnyside)	$2,980	$4,195
Sacramento (Fruitridge)	$3,367	$4,724
Oakland (Piedmont)	$3,199	$4,471
Bakersfield (Kern City)	$2,987	$4,228
Anaheim (Brookhurst Center)	$3,207	$4,572
Riverside (92503)	$3,140	$4,466

Data per the California Department of Insurance

Recommended: How to Get Car Insurance

Average Car Insurance Costs for Good and Bad Credit

In California, insurance companies can’t factor in credit scores when underwriting car insurance policies. So your credit history won’t have an affect on your ability to get or renew a car insurance policy — or how much you’ll pay.

Californians should be thankful for this. In New York state, drivers with excellent credit pay on average $3,927, while those with poor credit pay — whoa! — $10,640.

Recommended: How to Get Car Insurance

What Else Affects Your Car Insurance Cost?

As noted above, there are dozens of data points that insurance companies can use to estimate their risk and set premiums accordingly. One is marital status. Another is your car’s make and model, as well as its safety features and overall value.

Aside from the driver and the car, the type of policy impacts premiums. The more coverage you have, the more expensive your policy will be. Your state’s minimum car insurance requirements will get you the most rock-bottom premiums.

The type of deductible you choose also influences your cost. With a higher deductible, your premiums will be lower. The trade-off is that, if you get in an accident, you’ll be responsible for a larger share of the repair bill. In short, you can pay now or pay later.

Recommended: How to Lower Car Insurance

How to Get Affordable Car Insurance

To find the most affordable car insurance for your profile and needs, it’s best to shop around and compare quotes. These days, online insurance marketplaces make that easy to do.

Once you’ve chosen one or two reputable insurers, it’s important to ask yourself how much car insurance you need. This goes back to the “pay now or pay later” dilemma mentioned above. A no-frills, liability-only policy with a higher deductible will have the lowest monthly premiums. But if you’re in an accident, you may wish you’d chosen more coverage.

Also consider bundling opportunities. Just as you pay less for Internet and TV when you combine services, you can save on car insurance if you purchase it from a company with which you have another policy, such as homeowners coverage.

And finally, ask about possible discounts through organizations and schools you’re affiliated with. Most insurers have a long list of companies they partner with to offer lower rates to customers.

Takeaway

The average cost of car insurance in California is $1,940, significantly more than the nationwide average. Your premiums may be higher or lower depending on factors related to your background (age, location, driving record), your vehicle (make and model, safety features), and your level of coverage (liability vs. comprehensive, low vs. high deductible). Just remember that the lowest premium may not offer all the coverage you need in case of an accident.

If you’re ready to shop for auto insurance, you can receive and compare multiple quotes from top insurers in a matter of minutes through SoFi, powered by Experian. You’ll save time and potentially money without having to go to numerous websites.

Explore your options with Experian at SoFi, your personal insurance shopper.

FAQ

How much is the average car insurance per month in California?

Numerous factors go into the calculation of a car insurance premium, including where you live in California, the length and status of your driving record, the type of vehicle you have and its mileage, and more. The average statewide is about $1,940, but the best way to find the most affordable coverage for your situation is to shop around for quotes from multiple insurers.

How much does the average person pay for car insurance in California?

Numerous factors go into the calculation of car insurance for a California resident. This post breaks it down in multiple ways and offers sample averages based on certain demographics and situations.

Is $300 a lot for car insurance?

In many cases, the average monthly cost for coverage in California is well below $300. But remember, the amount you pay depends on a number of different factors. A 17-year-old, for example, could very well pay more than $300 per month largely because of her lack of driving experience.

Photo credit: iStock/gguy44

Auto Insurance: Must have a valid driver’s license. Not available in all states.
Home and Renters Insurance: Insurance not available in all states.
Experian is a registered trademark of Experian.
SoFi Insurance Agency, LLC. (“”SoFi””) is compensated by Experian for each customer who purchases a policy through the SoFi-Experian partnership.

Non affiliation: SoFi isn’t affiliated with any of the companies highlighted in this article.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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Mar

2023

Average Cost of Car Insurance in New York

By Kelly Boyer Sagert | Family Finances, Insurance, money | Comments Off

When shopping for car insurance, how much is too much to pay? The answer can vary based on your driving record, age, car type, insurer, and even where you live. But knowing the average cost of coverage in your state can help as you’re comparing quotes. Here’s a look at average prices in New York and how different factors can impact how much drivers there pay for protection.

How Much Does Car Insurance Cost in New York?

Drivers in New York pay an average of $1,872 per year for car insurance, according to a 2023 U.S. News & World Report analysis of cheap car insurance companies. By comparison, the national average is $1,442 per year.

Average Car Insurance Cost in New York per Month

The average monthly cost of car insurance in New York is $156, or roughly $36 more than the national monthly average of $120.17. The amount you pay can vary by insurer, as the chart below shows.

Company	Average Cost Per Month	Average Annual Cost
Allstate	$131.16	$1,574
Erie	$121.08	$1,453
Geico	$124.50	$1,494
Mercury	$370.91	$4,451
Progressive	$71.25	$855
State Farm	$155.67	$1,868
USAA	$117.25	$1,407

Source: U.S. News & World Report

Average Car Insurance Cost in New York by City

Your location can influence how much you pay for car insurance in New York. That’s because when setting rates, insurers often consider the local volume of traffic, accidents, and crime. People living in cities tend to pay more for car insurance than those living in small towns or rural areas. But as the chart below shows, prices can also vary by city. Here are estimates for 10 of the biggest cities in New York:

City	Average Annual Cost
Schenectady	$1,524
Rochester	$1,526
Albany	$1,532
Utica	$1,579
Syracuse	$1,622
Buffalo	$2,093
New Rochelle	$2,374
Yonkers	$2,847
Mount Vernon	$3,017
New York City	$3,924

Source: Insure.com

Average Car Insurance Cost in New York by Age and Gender of the Driver

Your age can impact your premiums. Younger, first-time drivers, for example, often pay more for coverage because they tend to have more accidents than older, more experienced drivers. Gender can play a role, too. In New York, women may end up paying less for car insurance than men because they tend to get into fewer severe accidents.

Age of Driver	Average Annual Cost for Men	Average Annual Cost for Women
18	$6,156	$5,038
25	$2,413	$1,897
65	$2,016	$1,980

Source: Insure.com

Average Car Insurance Rates After an At-Fault Accident

As anyone who has been in a fender bender knows, car insurance rates tend to go up after an accident. New York drivers with a clean record pay around $1,872 per year for coverage. That amount rises to an average of $1,951 for drivers who have one accident.

But even traffic violations can cause prices to go up. A driver with one speeding ticket on their record pays an average of $2,190 for coverage, and one driving under the influence (DUI) offense causes rates jump to an average of $2,789.

Related: Car Insurance Terms, Explained

Average Car Insurance Costs for Good and Bad Credit

Your credit score doesn’t just impact your ability to secure a loan. It can also play a role in how much you pay for car insurance. According to an analysis conducted by MoneyGeek, drivers with poor credit pay $10,640 on average per year for coverage, while those with excellent credit pay around $3,927.

Recommended: How to Get Car Insurance

What Else Affects Your Car Insurance Cost?

Here are other factors that can cause your car insurance rates to go up — or down.

Marital Status

Married drivers may qualify for more discounts than single drivers, since insurers often place them in a different risk category.

Make and Model of the Car

Your car’s safety features, accident rating, size, and overall value can all affect your insurance rates.

Amount of Coverage

The amount of coverage you need comes down to a number of factors, including your state’s minimum car insurance requirements, your budget, and your lifestyle. As a rule of thumb, the more coverage you have, the more expensive your policy will be.

The type of deductible you choose can also influence your overall costs. A deductible is the amount of money you’re responsible for after an accident before the insurance company pays its portion. With a higher deductible, you pay less money in premiums each month, but will be responsible for a bigger share of the expenses if you get in an accident.

Insurance History

Drivers who allow their coverage to lapse may be more likely to cancel their policy, so having a reliable history with one insurer may qualify you for a lower rate. In fact, it’s possible you’ll get a better quote when switching car insurance carriers than if you purchase insurance after going a few years without it.

Recommended: How to Lower Car Insurance

How to Get Affordable Car Insurance

The cost of coverage often varies by insurer. To find affordable car insurance, it’s a good idea to shop around and compare quotes. You can search online insurance companies and compare multiple car insurance rates.

You’ll also want to figure out how much car insurance you need. Keep in mind your state’s minimum car insurance requirements as well as additional coverage you may need.

If you’re looking to lower your car insurance, there are several strategies to consider. You may want to explore different policy options; look for bundling opportunities, such as getting your home and auto insurance from the same company; ask about possible discounts; and consider whether a policy with a higher deductible makes sense for you.

The Takeaway

Drivers in New York pay an average of $1,872 per year for car insurance, which is higher than the national average of $1,442 per year. However, the amount you pay can depend on several factors, including your age, gender, driving record, credit score, marital status, and where you live. It helps to shop around and compare multiple quotes to find coverage that fits your needs and budget.

Feeling uncertain about how much auto insurance you really need or what kind of premium you might have to pay to get what you want? Check out SoFi’s online auto insurance recommendations.

The better you drive, the more you can save.

FAQ

How much is car insurance in New York monthly?

The average cost of car insurance in New York is $156 per month. But you may end up paying a different amount based on a wide range of factors, such as age, gender, driving record, credit score, and location.

How much is car insurance in New York for a 25-year-old?

A 25-year-old man pays an average of $2,413 per year for car insurance. Women of the same age pay an average of $1,897 per year. Gender and age are two of several factors that can impact how much you pay for coverage.

Is $300 a lot for car insurance?

In many cases, the average monthly cost for coverage in New York is below $300. But premium amounts vary based on a number of factors. An 18-year-old male driver, for example, could very well pay more than $300 per month because of his age and lack of driving experience.

Photo credit: iStock/cmart7327

Insurance not available in all states.
Gabi is a registered service mark of Gabi Personal Insurance Agency, Inc.
SoFi is compensated by Gabi for each customer who completes an application through the SoFi-Gabi partnership.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Non affiliation: SoFi isn’t affiliated with any of the companies highlighted in this article.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Checking Your Rates: To check the rates and terms you may qualify for, SoFi conducts a soft credit pull that will not affect your credit score. However, if you choose a product and continue your application, we will request your full credit report from one or more consumer reporting agencies, which is considered a hard credit pull and may affect your credit.

External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

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Feb

2023

Guide to Building an Investment Portfolio for Beginners

By Inyoung Hwang | Growing Wealth, invest, Investing | No Comments

Investing can seem intimidating, especially for beginners who are just starting out. But building an investment portfolio is one of the best ways to grow your wealth over time.

Before you start pondering what you want to invest in and build an investment portfolio, think this through: Why am I investing? In the end, most of what matters is achieving your financial goals. And what are you saving for? By answering these questions, you can match your goals with your investment strategy — which is important if you want to give yourself a shot at your desired financial outcome.

The Basics: What Is an Investment Portfolio?

An investment portfolio is a collection of investments, such as stocks, bonds, mutual funds, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), real estate, and other assets. An investment portfolio aims to achieve specific investment goals, such as generating income, building wealth, or preserving capital, while managing market risk and volatility.

A well-diversified investment portfolio can help investors achieve their financial objectives over the long term.

Why Building a Balanced Portfolio Matters

Building a balanced investment portfolio matters for several reasons. As noted above, a balanced, diversified portfolio can help manage the risk and volatility of the financial markets. Many people avoid building an investment portfolio because they fear the swings of the market and the potential to lose money. But by diversifying investments across different asset classes and sectors, the impact of any one investment on the overall portfolio is reduced. This beginner investment strategy can help protect the portfolio from significant losses due to the poor performance of any one investment.

Additionally, a balanced portfolio can help investors achieve their long-term investment objectives. By including a mix of different types of investments, investors can benefit from the potential returns of different asset classes while minimizing risk. For example, building a portfolio made up of relatively risky, high-growth stocks and stable government bonds may allow you to benefit from long-term price growth from the stocks while also generating stable returns from the bonds.

What Is Your Risk Tolerance?

When it comes to braving risk, everyone is different. And in life, there are no guarantees. So where does that leave you? Take your risk temperature and see which type of investing you can live (and grow) with. Below are two general strategies many investors follow depending on their risk tolerance.

Aggressive Investing

An aggressive investment strategy is for investors who want to take risks to grow their money as much as possible. High risk sometimes means big losses (but not always). The idea here is to “go for it.” Find investments that feel like they have a lot of potential to generate significant gains.

Your stock picks can ride the rollercoaster, and if you opt for an aggressive investing strategy when you’re young and just starting out, you can watch them take the ride without you doing much hand-wringing.

If it doesn’t work out, you can own the loss and move on. Downturns happen. So do bull markets. And when you’re young, you can likely afford to take risks.

Conservative Investing

Conservative investing is for investors who are leery of losing a lot of their money. It may be better suited for older investors because the closer you get to your ultimate goal, the less room you will have for big drawdowns in your portfolio should the market sell off.

You can prioritize lower-risk investments as you inch closer to retirement. Research investments with more stable and conservative returns. Lower-risk investments can include fixed-income (bonds) and money-market accounts.

These investments may not have the same return-generating potential as high-risk stocks, but often the most important goal is to not lose money.

Choosing a Goal for Your Portfolio

Long- and short-term goals depend on where you are in life. Your relationship with money and investing may change as you get older and your circumstances evolve. As this happens, it’s best to understand your goals and figure out how to meet them ahead of time.

If you’re still a beginner investing in your 20s, you’re in luck. Time is on your side, and when building an investment portfolio, you have that time to make mistakes (and correct them).

You can also potentially afford to take more risks because you’ll have more time to work on reversing losses or at least shrugging them off and moving on.

If you’re older and closer to retirement age, you can reconfigure your investments so that your risks are lower and your investments become more conservative, predictable, and less prone to significant drops in value.

As you go through life, consider creating short and long-term goal timelines. If you keep them flexible, you can always change them as needed. But of course, you’d want to check on them regularly and the big financial picture they’re helping you create.

Short Term: Starting an Emergency Fund

Before you do any serious investing, making sure you have enough money stashed away for emergencies is a good idea. Loss of income, unplanned moves, health situations, auto repairs, and all of those other surprises can tap you on the shoulder at the worst possible time — and that’s when your emergency fund comes in.

It may make sense to keep your emergency money in liquid assets for short-term expenses. Liquidity helps ensure you can get your money if and when you need it. Try to take only a few risks with emergency money because you may not have time to recover if the market experiences a severe downturn.

Long Term: Starting a Retirement Fund

Think about what age you would want to retire and how much money you would need to live on yearly. You can use a retirement calculator to get a better idea.

One of the most frequently recommended strategies for long-term retirement savings is opening a 401(k), an IRA, or both. The benefit of this type of investment account is that they have tax advantages.

Another benefit of 401(k)s and IRAs is that they help you build an investment portfolio over decades: the long term.

Prioritizing Diversification

As mentioned above, portfolio diversification means keeping your money in more than one place: think stocks, bonds, and real estate. And once you diversify into those asset classes, you’ll need to drill down and diversify again within each sector.

Understanding Systematic Risk

Big things happen, like economic uncertainty, geopolitical conflicts, and pandemics. These incidents will affect almost all businesses, industries, and economies. There are not many places to hide during these events, so they’ll likely affect your investments too.

One smart way to fight this: diversify. Spread out. High-quality bonds, like U.S. Treasuries, tend to do well in these environments and have offset some of the negative performances that stocks usually suffer during these times.

It might also be helpful to calculate your portfolio’s beta, the systemic risk that can’t be diversified away. This can be done by measuring your portfolio’s sensitivity to broader market swings.

Understanding Idiosyncratic Risk

Smaller things happen. For instance, a scandal could rock a business, or a tech disruption could make a particular business suddenly obsolete. This risk is more micro than macro; it may occur in a specific company or industry.

As a result, a stock’s value could fall, along with the strength of your investment portfolio. The best way to fight this: diversify. Spread out. If you only invest in three companies and one goes under, that’s a big risk. If you invest in 20 companies and one goes under, not so much.

Owning many different assets that act differently in various environments can help smooth your investment journey, reduce your risk, and hopefully allow you to stick with your strategy and reach your goals.

4 Steps Towards Building an Investment Portfolio

Here are four steps toward building an investment portfolio:

1. Set Your Goals

The first step to building an investment portfolio is determining your investment goals. Are you investing to build wealth for retirement, to save for a down payment on a home, or another reason? Your investment goals will determine your investment strategy.

2. What Sort of Account Do You Want?

Investors can choose several kinds of investment accounts to build wealth. The type of investment accounts that investors should open depends on their investment goals and the investments they plan to make. Here are some common investment accounts that investors may consider:

• Individual brokerage account: This is a standard brokerage account that allows investors to buy and sell stocks, bonds, mutual funds, ETFs, and other securities. This account is ideal for investors who want to manage their own investments and have the flexibility to buy and sell securities as they wish.

• Retirement accounts: These different retirement plans, such as 401(k)s, IRAs, and Roth IRAs, offer tax advantages and are specifically designed for retirement savings. They have contribution limits and may restrict when and how withdrawals can be made.

• Automated investing accounts: These accounts, also known as robo advisors, use algorithms to manage investments based on an investor’s goals and risk tolerance.

Recommended: What Is Automated Investing?

3. Choosing Investments Based on Risk Tolerance

Once you have set your investment goals, the next step is to determine your investments based on your risk tolerance. As discussed above, risk tolerance refers to the amount of risk you are willing to take with your investments. If you are comfortable with higher levels of risk, you may be able to invest in more aggressive assets, such as stocks or commodities. If you are risk-averse, you may prefer more conservative investments, such as bonds or certificates of deposit (CDs).

4. Allocating Your Assets

The next step in building an investment portfolio is to choose your asset allocation. This involves deciding what percentage of your portfolio you want to allocate to different investments, such as stocks, bonds, and real estate.

Once you have built your investment portfolio, it is important to monitor it regularly and make necessary adjustments. This may include rebalancing your portfolio to ensure it remains diversified and aligned with your investment goals and risk tolerance.

Paying Off Debt First

Student loans and credit card debt may stand in the way of pumping money into your investment portfolio. Do what you can to pay off most or all of your debt, especially high-interest debt.

Get an aggressive repayment plan going. Also, remember it can be wise to pay yourself first (by that, we mean to keep a steady flow of cash flowing into your short and long-term investments before you pay anything else).

Investing in the Stock Market

Building an investment portfolio is a process that depends on where a person is in their life as well as their financial goals. Every individual should consider long-term and short-term investments and the importance of portfolio diversification when building an investment portfolio and investing in the stock market.

These are big decisions to make. And sometimes you may need help. That’s where SoFi comes in. With a SoFi Invest® online brokerage account, you can trade stocks, ETFs, fractional shares, and more with no commissions for as little as $5. And you can get access to educational resources to help learn more about the investing process.

Take a step toward reaching your financial goals with SoFi Invest.

FAQ

How much money do you need to start building an investment portfolio?

The amount of money needed to start building an investment portfolio can vary depending on the type of investments chosen, but it is possible to start with a small amount, such as a few hundred or thousand dollars. Some online brokers and investment platforms have no minimum requirement, making it possible for investors to start with very little money.

Can beginners create their own stock portfolios?

Beginners can create their own stock portfolios. Access to online brokers and trading platforms makes it easier for beginners to buy and sell stocks and build their own portfolios.

What should be included in investment portfolios?

Experts recommended that investment portfolios should be diversified with a mix of different types of investments, such as stocks, bonds, mutual funds, ETFs, and cash, depending on the investor’s goals, risk tolerance, and time horizon. Regular monitoring and rebalancing are important to keep the portfolio aligned with the investor’s objectives.

SoFi Invest®

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Feb

2023

14 Must-Know College Financial Aid Terms for Parents

By Kelly Boyer Sagert | Going to College, Life & Career, Student Loans, student_loan | Comments Off

When applying for financial aid to fund their college educations, students and their parents are often introduced to words they’d never heard of before. To help you learn the lingo, here are definitions of 14 important financial aid terms, plus information about different ways to pay for college.

Financial Aid Terminology for Parents

1. College Grants

Grants are used to help fund a qualifying student’s college education, and unlike loans, they typically don’t need to be paid back. They are often based on financial need and are available from private and public organizations. Some grants have criteria that a student must meet, such as maintaining a certain grade point average. Here is information about college grants from the U.S. Department of Education .

2. Cost of Attendance (COA)

A student’s cost of attendance (COA) is the total of all costs to attend college in a given year. This includes tuition, room and board, book and supplies, loan fees, costs associated with studying abroad or managing a disability, and more.

A COA is different from an invoice a college may send a student, which is more comprehensive. The COA figure is used to determine how much financial aid a student may be eligible to receive. Anyone who receives a form of financial assistance is not responsible for paying the full COA.

3. Expected Family Contribution (EFC)

The expected family contribution (EFC) is a number colleges use to determine a student’s eligibility for financial aid. It’s calculated using a formula that considers a family’s income, savings, investments, benefits, family size, and more.

Starting with the 2024-2025 school year, the EFC will be replaced by the Student Aid Index, or SAI. Both serve a similar function, but there are key differences in how they work and how students receive financial assistance. Here’s where you can find more information about the SAI.

Recommended: How the Middle Class Affords College

4. Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA)

FAFSA is the official government form that students must fill out to be eligible for federal student loans and grants. Filling the FAFSA out does not guarantee that a student will receive aid, but it must be completed annually in order to be considered for the upcoming academic year. The information provided will be used to calculate a student’s expected family contribution (see that definition above). Here’s more information about completing a FAFSA application.

5. Financial Aid Award Letter

A financial aid award letter goes by a few different names: merit letter, award letter, a financial aid offer or a financial aid package. But no matter what you call it, once a student fills out a FAFSA, they’ll receive one of these letters from each college that accepts them. A typical letter will list a student’s cost of attendance, expected family contribution, awarded grants and scholarships, work-study details, and federal student loans. Many schools now provide this information electronically.

6. Merit-Based Assistance

Merit-based assistance is based upon a student’s abilities and accomplishments. This can include their grade point average, athletic achievements, or another skill. Financial need is not typically taken into account. Students generally receive merit-based aid directly from the college.

7. Need-Based Assistance

Need-based assistance is provided to students based on their financial needs, and is commonly offered by federal and state governments, colleges, and other organizations. There are three types of federally granted need-based financial aid: Pell Grants, work-study programs, and Subsidized Direct Student Loans. Each of these is defined in this post.

To qualify for federal need-based aid, a student must fill out the FAFSA. Colleges may require additional information for non-federal aid. Simply applying for need-based aid does not mean a student will receive it, though applying early may potentially improve their chances.

8. Parent Loans/Direct PLUS Loans

Parents can borrow funds to help their children pay their college expenses, including through federal loans called Direct PLUS Loans. When this type of loan is provided to a parent borrower, it’s often called a Parent PLUS Loan. Not all schools participate in the Direct Loan Program, so students should check with their colleges of choice to see if this type of funding is an option. Private parent loans are also available through lenders, including SoFi.

Note that graduate or professional students are also eligible to borrow Direct PLUS Loans.

9. Pell Grants

A Pell Grant is a federal form of aid based solely on need. It’s the biggest source of federal grants. To receive these funds, a student must fill out the FAFSA and meet eligibility requirements. Because this is a grant and not a loan, it typically does not need to be repaid.

10. Scholarships

A scholarship is a type of funding awarded to students to help them pay for a college education. They are available through federal and state government sources, colleges, private and public organizations, and more.

Unlike loans, scholarships typically don’t need to be repaid. They can be based on need or merit, or a combination of the two. There is a wide range of scholarship possibilities, so it can be worthwhile for the student to research their options and apply for ones that seem to be a good match.

Recommended: Scholarship Search Tool

11. Student Aid Report (SAR)

After a student completes their FAFSA, they’ll receive a student aid report (SAR). This report provides basic information about the student’s federal student loan eligibility and includes the answers they provided on the FAFSA application. The SAR also contains the Expected Family Contribution (EFC) and a four-digit Data Release Number (DRN), which students may need to provide when changing information on their FAFSA. It’s important to review the entire report and address any errors, as colleges use that information to determine aid eligibility.

12. Subsidized vs Unsubsidized Assistance

Federal student aid can include both Direct Subsidized Loans and Direct Unsubsidized Loans, which are also referred to as Stafford Loans or Stafford Direct Loans. There are notable differences between the two.

Subsidized loans are reserved for undergraduate students with demonstrated financial need. The school determines the amount available for each qualifying student. The government will pay the interest on a subsidized loan as long as the student is enrolled in school at least half time (generally 6 credit hours per semester), for six months after the student leaves school (called the “grace period”), and during deferment periods.

With unsubsidized loans, students do not need to demonstrate financial need to qualify, and both undergraduate and graduate students are eligible. Loan limits are higher than with subsidized loans, but interest rates are generally higher, too. The borrower is responsible for interest that accrues from the day their funds are made available. If a student chooses not to pay the interest while they’re in school, it will continue to accumulate.

13. Work-Study

The federal government’s work-study program provides college students who have demonstrable financial need with part-time jobs to help them earn money for their college education. The program attempts to match a student with work in their area of study or in jobs that benefit the community. Students who are interested in this program should check with their colleges of choice to see if they participate.

Here is additional college financial aid glossary , plus financial aid secrets that may help students more effectively fund their education.

Overall College Financial Aid Plan

When it comes to planning how to pay for college, it helps to understand all the available options and how they may be combined. Students and their parents may have money to contribute to help cover the expenses. Scholarships and grants can reduce the bill and typically don’t need to be paid back, while work-study opportunities allow students to earn money to cover some expenses while in college.

Subsidized loans give qualifying students some time to establish themselves financially before the debt starts accruing interest they’ll have to pay. Meanwhile, unsubsidized or private student loans can help borrowers cover remaining costs.

Recommended: Guide to Private Student Loans

Private Student Loans at SoFi

Private student loans, including those from SoFi, can come in handy once you’ve exhausted your other loan options. Borrowers can use the funds to cover all school-certified costs, including tuition, books, room and board, transportation, and more.

SoFi offers fee-free private student loans for undergraduates, graduate students and their parents. These loans don’t have any fees, and borrowers can choose between four different repayment plans. When applying for a SoFi loan, students can quickly and easily find out if they prequalify and at what rates. Adding a cosigner is also simple — just a few clicks away.

SoFi private student loans offer competitive interest rates for qualifying borrowers, flexible repayment plans, and no fees.

FAQ

What is a cosigner?

A cosigner helps assure lenders that someone will pay back the loan. Their income and financial history are factored into the loan decision, and their positive credit standing can benefit the student’s loan application.

What’s the difference between a student loan lender and a student loan servicer?

Lenders lend borrowers money to help cover school-related costs. Servicers send borrowers their monthly bill, process payments, field customer service requests, and handle other administrative tasks.

How do I calculate my college costs?

There are several online tools to help students estimate the potential cost of attending college. Net price calculators, for instance, are available on a school’s website and give cost estimates based on basic personal and financial information provided by the student.

SoFi Private Student Loans
Please borrow responsibly. SoFi Private Student loans are not a substitute for federal loans, grants, and work-study programs. We encourage you to evaluate all your federal student aid options before you consider any private loans, including ours. Read our FAQs.

Terms and Conditions Apply. SOFI RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MODIFY OR DISCONTINUE PRODUCTS AND BENEFITS AT ANY TIME WITHOUT NOTICE. SoFi Private Student loans are subject to program terms and restrictions, such as completion of a loan application and self-certification form, verification of application information, the student's at least half-time enrollment in a degree program at a SoFi-participating school, and, if applicable, a co-signer. In addition, borrowers must be U.S. citizens or other eligible status, be residing in the U.S., and must meet SoFi’s underwriting requirements, including verification of sufficient income to support your ability to repay. Minimum loan amount is $1,000. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. SoFi reserves the right to modify eligibility criteria at any time. This information is subject to change. This information is current as of 04/24/2024 and is subject to change. SoFi Private Student loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891. (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org).

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Non affiliation: SoFi isn’t affiliated with any of the companies highlighted in this article.

External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

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Feb

2023

Inactivity Fees: What They Are & Ways to Avoid Them

By Ashley Kilroy | Family Finances, money, Terminology | Comments Off

Sometimes, a financial account like a checking account will sit dormant, or unused, for an extended period, and an inactivity fee will be charged. Usually, a bank, credit union, or other financial institution will start to assess an inactivity fee after six months of no activity in the account. However, some banks may wait up to a year before applying inactivity fees to the account.

To better understand and steer clear of this annoying fee, read on. You’ll learn:

• What is an inactive account fee?

• How much are inactive account fees?

• Can you reverse an inactive account fee?

• How can you avoid inactive account fees?

What Is an Inactive Account Fee?

What is an inactivity fee and why does it get charged? Banks or other financial institutions apply inactivity fees or dormancy fees when financial accounts just sit, without money going in (deposits) or out (withdrawals). Perhaps the account holder isn’t conducting any kind of activity at all; not even checking the balance for a stretch of time.

Financial institutions can apply these inactivity fees to all sorts of accounts, like brokerage or trading accounts, checking accounts, and savings accounts. These fees are a way for banks to recoup some of the costs they incur when maintaining dormant accounts and can trigger the account holder to reactivate the account.

How Do Inactive Account Fees Work?

Here’s how inactive account fees work:

1. No transactions occur within the account. Let’s say you opened a savings account to fund your next vacation. But life got in the way, and you forgot about it for six months, leaving it inactive. Keep in mind, the definition of inactivity may vary by the financial institution. So, while some banks may only require you to conduct a balance verification to keep the account active, others may require, say, a bank transaction deposit or a withdrawal, to keep the account active.

2. The account is flagged for inactivity. Since money isn’t flowing in or out of the account, the financial institution flags the account. After this happens, some financial institutions may send a notification to the account holder before they begin charging a fee. The notice allows the account holder to take action before fees begin racking up. But other banks may not send a notification before they begin charging you inactivity fees. That means you are responsible for keeping tabs on your accounts so you can ensure they are up-to-date.

3. The financial institutions begin charging inactivity fees to the account. Usually, the financial institutions will begin charging an inactivity fee between several months to a year after the last transaction took place within the account.

The account will be deemed a dormant bank account if these fees go unnoticed for a few years. Every state has a different timeline for determining when accounts are dormant. For example, California, Connecticut, and Illinois considered accounts dormant after three years of inactivity. On the other hand, an account requires five years of inactivity in Delaware, Georgia, and Wisconsin to move to the dormant category.

Once the account is considered dormant, the financial insulation will reach out to let you know that if you don’t attend to the account, it must be closed and transferred to the state — a process called escheatment. But, even if your account funds end up with the state, the situation isn’t hopeless. There are several ways to find a lost bank account and hopefully retrieve any unclaimed money.

How Much Do Inactive Account Fees Cost?

Inactive account fees can range between $5 to $20 per month, depending on the bank.

Remember, only some financial accounts have inactivity fees. However, if your account does have inactivity or dormancy fees, guidelines must be outlined in the terms and conditions of the account. Check the fine print or contact your financial institution to learn the details of these and other monthly maintenance fees.

Why Do Banks Have Inactive Account Fees?

One of the primary reasons banks charge inactivity fees is that states govern accounts considered inactive and abandoned. Usually, an account that has had no activity for three to five years is considered abandoned in the eyes of the government.

Depending on the state’s laws, the financial institution may have to turn over the funds to the Office of the State treasurer if the account is deemed abandoned. At this point, the Office of The State Treasure is tasked with finding the rightful owner of the unclaimed asset.

Since banks do not want to hand over funds, they may charge an inactivity fee as a way to keep the account active. Thus, the financial institution won’t have to give the account to the state, keeping the money right where it is.

Additionally, inactive accounts cost financial institutions money. So, to encourage the account holder to start using the account, they charge inactivity fees. While some financial institutions send inactivity notices, others may not. Therefore, if your account has been inactive for a long time, you may only notice the fee once your bank account is depleted. At this point, the financial institution may choose to close the account.

Recommended: Can You Reopen a Closed Bank Account?

Can You Reverse an Inactive Account Fee?

It never hurts to call your bank and request a reversal of inactivity fees. However, if the financial institution is unwilling or unable to reverse the fees, you may want to compare different account options to find a type of deposit account that better suits your needs.

Make sure to compare all fees and any interest rates that might be earned to identify the right account for your needs.

Tips to Avoid Inactive Account Fees

Inactive account fees are a nuisance. But, there are several ways you can avoid them entirely. Here’s how:

• Set up recurring deposits or withdrawals. Establishing a direct deposit into or out of your account can help keep it active and avoid inactive account fees.

• Review accounts regularly. Checking your financial accounts and spending habits regularly can help you keep tabs on your money and also decide if keeping a specific account open is worth it.

• Keep contact information up-to-date. If your account becomes inactive, some banks may attempt to contact you before charging you an inactive account fee. If you have the wrong information on file, you may never receive a heads-up about the additional fee.

• Move money to another account. If you don’t want to maintain an account, it’s best to move the money to an account you actively manage. Then close the account once the money has been transferred. That way, you’ll dodge fees and streamline your financial life.

The Takeaway

When you don’t use an account, your financial institution could begin assessing an inactivity fee. You can avoid these charges by keeping watch of your bank accounts and setting up automatic deposits or withdrawals. If you discover you’re not using your account, you can empty and close it, so you don’t have to worry about extra fees.

Remember, some banks charge fees while others don’t. When you open an online bank account with SoFi, you can avoid account fees and earn a competitive APY. What’s more, our Checking and Savings account lets you do your spending and saving in one convenient place. It’s all part of banking better with SoFi.

Better banking is here with SoFi, NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Checking Account Overall.* Enjoy up to 4.00% APY on SoFi Checking and Savings.

FAQ

Can a bank shut your account down if you have an inactive account fee?

Yes; if there has been no activity on your account for a while (the timeframe will likely vary by financial institution), your bank generally has the right to close your account. Plus, it’s not required that they notify you of the closure.

Are inactivity fees the same as dormancy fees?

Yes; inactive and dormancy fees are the same. They are both applied to the account when it’s inactive for an extended time.

Besides inactivity fees, what other fees do banks often charge?

ATM fees, maintenance fees, overdraft fees, and paper statement fees are just a few fees banks levy on their bank accounts. Before you open an account, make sure you understand the type of fees that accompany your account, so there are no surprises down the road.

Photo credit: iStock/Prostock-Studio

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

SoFi® Checking and Savings is offered through SoFi Bank, N.A. ©2024 SoFi Bank, N.A. All rights reserved. Member FDIC. Equal Housing Lender.
The SoFi Bank Debit Mastercard® is issued by SoFi Bank, N.A., pursuant to license by Mastercard International Incorporated and can be used everywhere Mastercard is accepted. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated.

SoFi members with direct deposit activity can earn 4.00% annual percentage yield (APY) on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Direct Deposit means a recurring deposit of regular income to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government benefit payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Deposits that are not from an employer or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, or are non-recurring in nature (e.g., IRS tax refunds), do not constitute Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate. SoFi members with direct deposit are eligible for other SoFi Plus benefits.

As an alternative to direct deposit, SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits can earn 4.00% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Qualifying Deposits means one or more deposits that, in the aggregate, are equal to or greater than $5,000 to an account holder’s SoFi Checking and Savings account (“Qualifying Deposits”) during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Qualifying Deposits only include those deposits from the following eligible sources: (i) ACH transfers, (ii) inbound wire transfers, (iii) peer-to-peer transfers (i.e., external transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc. and internal peer-to-peer transfers from a SoFi account belonging to another account holder), (iv) check deposits, (v) instant funding to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, (vi) push payments to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, and (vii) cash deposits. Qualifying Deposits do not include: (i) transfers between an account holder’s Checking account, Savings account, and/or Vaults; (ii) interest payments; (iii) bonuses issued by SoFi Bank or its affiliates; or (iv) credits, reversals, and refunds from SoFi Bank, N.A. (“SoFi Bank”) or from a merchant. SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits are not eligible for other SoFi Plus benefits.

SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder’s Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits throughout each 30-Day Evaluation Period to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility. The 30-Day Evaluation Period refers to the “Start Date” and “End Date” set forth on the APY Details page of your account, which comprises a period of 30 calendar days (the “30-Day Evaluation Period”). You can access the APY Details page at any time by logging into your SoFi account on the SoFi mobile app or SoFi website and selecting either (i) Banking > Savings > Current APY or (ii) Banking > Checking > Current APY. Upon receiving a Direct Deposit or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits to your account, you will begin earning 4.00% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% on checking balances on or before the following calendar day. You will continue to earn these APYs for (i) the remainder of the current 30-Day Evaluation Period and through the end of the subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period and (ii) any following 30-day Evaluation Periods during which SoFi Bank determines you to have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits without interruption.

SoFi Bank reserves the right to grant a grace period to account holders following a change in Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits activity before adjusting rates. If SoFi Bank grants you a grace period, the dates for such grace period will be reflected on the APY Details page of your account. If SoFi Bank determines that you did not have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits during the current 30-day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, then you will begin earning the rates earned by account holders without either Direct Deposit or Qualifying Deposits until you have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits in a subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period. For the avoidance of doubt, an account holder with both Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits will earn the rates earned by account holders with Direct Deposit.

Members without either Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits, as determined by SoFi Bank, during a 30-Day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, will earn 1.20% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances.

Interest rates are variable and subject to change at any time. These rates are current as of 12/3/24. There is no minimum balance requirement. Additional information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.

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