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The money market is where short-term debt and lending takes place; the capital market is designed for long-term assets, such as stocks and bonds. The former is considered a safer place to park one’s money; the latter is seen as riskier but potentially more rewarding. While the money market and the capital market are both aspects of the larger global financial system, they serve different goals for investors.

Understanding the difference between money market and capital market matters plays a role in understanding the market as a whole. Whether you hold assets that are part of the money market vs. capital market can influence your investment outcomes and degree of risk exposure.

What Is the Money Market?

The money market is where short-term financial instruments, i.e. securities with a holding period of one year or less, are traded. Examples of money market instruments include:

•   Bankers acceptances. Bankers acceptances are a form of payment that’s guaranteed by the bank and is commonly used to finance international transactions involving goods and services.

•   Certificates of deposit (CDs). Certificate of deposit accounts are time deposits that pay interest over a set maturity term.

•   Commercial paper. Commercial paper includes short-term, unsecured promissory notes issued by financial and non-financial corporations.

•   Treasury bills (T-bills). Treasury bills are a type of short-term debt that’s issued by the federal government. Investors who purchase T-bills can earn interest on their money over a set maturity term.

These types of money market instruments can be traded among banks, financial institutions, and brokers. Trades can take place over the counter, meaning the underlying securities are not listed on a trading exchange like the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) or the Nasdaq.

You may be familiar with the term “money market” if you’ve ever had a money market account. These are separate from the larger money market that is part of the global economy. As far as how a money market account works goes, these bank accounts allow you to deposit money and earn interest. You may be able to write checks from the account or use a debit card to make purchases or withdrawals.

💡 Quick Tip: Don’t think too hard about your money. Automate your budgeting, saving, and spending with SoFi’s seamless and secure mobile banking app.

How Does the Money Market Work?

The money market effectively works as a short-term lending and borrowing system for its various participants. Those who invest in the money market benefit by either gaining access to funds or by earning interest on their investments. Treasury bills are an example of the money market at work.

When you buy a T-bill, you’re essentially agreeing to lend the federal government your money for a certain amount of time. T-bills mature in one year or less from their issue date. The government gets the use of your money for a period of time. Once the T-bill matures, you get your money back with interest.

What Is the Capital Market?

Capital markets play an important role in the U.S. and world economies. Capital markets are where entities can raise capital by issuing stock, bonds, and other longer-term securities, and investors can purchase these securities with an eye toward growth potential.

The capital market can be further segmented into the primary and secondary market. Here’s how they compare:

•   Primary market. The primary market is where new issuances of stocks and bonds are first offered to investors. An initial public offering or IPO is an example of a primary market transaction.

•   Secondary market. The secondary market is where securities that have already been issued are traded between investors. The entity that issued the stocks or bonds is not necessarily involved in this transaction.

Recommended: What Is an Emerging Market?

How Does the Capital Market Work?

The capital market works by allowing companies and other entities to raise capital. Publicly-traded stocks, bonds, and other securities are traded on stock exchanges. Generally speaking, the capital market is well-organized. Companies that issue stocks are interested in raising capital for the long-term, which can be used to fund growth and expansion projects or simply to meet operating needs.

In terms of the difference between capital and money market investments, it usually boils down to three things: liquidity, duration, and risk. While the money market is focused on the short-term, the capital market is a longer term play. Capital markets can deliver higher returns, though investors may assume greater risk.

Understanding the capital market is important because of how it correlates to economic movements as a whole. The capital market helps to create stability by allowing companies to raise capital, which can be used to fund expansion and create jobs.

Differences Between Money Markets and Capital Markets

When comparing the money market vs. capital market, there are several things that separate one from the other. Knowing what the key differences are can help to deepen your understanding of money markets and capital markets.

Purpose

Perhaps the most significant difference between the money market and capital market is what each one is designed to do. The money market is for short-term borrowing and lending. Businesses use the money market to meet their near-term credit needs. Funds are relatively safe, but typically won’t see tremendous growth.

The capital market is also designed to help businesses and companies meet credit needs. The emphasis, however, is on mid- to long-term needs instead. Capital markets are riskier, but they may earn greater returns over time than the money market.

Length of Securities

The money market is where you’ll find short-term securities, typically with a maturity period of one year or less, being traded. In the capital market, maturity periods are usually not fixed, meaning there’s no specified time frame. Companies can use the capital market to fund long-term goals, with or without a deadline.

Financial Instruments

As mentioned, the kind of financial instruments that are traded in the short-term money market include bankers acceptances, commercial paper, and Treasury bills. The capital market is the domain of stocks, bonds, and other long-term securities.

Nature of Market

The structure and organization of the money market is usually informal and loosely organized. Again, securities may be traded over-the-counter rather than through a stock exchange. With the capital market, trading takes place primarily through exchanges. This market is more organized and formalized overall.

Securities Risk

Risk is an important consideration when deciding on the best potential places to put your money. Since the money market tends to be shorter term in nature, the risk associated with the financial instruments traded there is usually lower. The capital market, on the other hand, may entail higher risk to investors.

Liquidity

Liquidity is a measure of how easy it is to convert an asset to cash. One notable difference between capital and money market investments is that the money market tends to offer greater liquidity. That means if you need to sell an investment quickly, you’ll have a better chance of converting it to cash in the money market.

Length of Credit Requirements

The money market is designed to meet the short-term credit requirements of businesses. A company that needs temporary funding for a project that’s expected to take less than a year to complete, for example, may turn to the money market. The capital market, on the other hand, is designed to cover a company’s long-term credit requirements with regard to capital access.

Return on Investment

Return on investment or ROI is another important consideration when deciding where to invest. When you invest in the money market, you’re getting greater liquidity with less risk but that can translate to lower returns. The capital market can entail more risk, but you may be rewarded with higher returns.

Timeframe on Redemption

Money market investments do not require you to hold onto them for years at a time. Instead, the holding period and timeframe to redemption is likely one year or less. With capital market investments, there is typically no set time frame. You can hold onto investments for as long as they continue to meet your needs.

Relevance to Economy

The money market and capital market play an important role in the larger financial market. Without them, businesses would not be able to get the short- and long-term funding they need.

Here are some of the key differences between money markets and capital markets with regard to their economic impacts:

•   The money market allows companies to realize short-term goals.

•   Money market investments allow investors to earn returns with lower risk.

•   Capital markets help to provide economic stability and growth.

•   Investors can use the capital market to build wealth.

Money Market	Capital Market
Offers companies access to short-term funding and capital, keeping money moving through the economy.	Provides stability by allowing companies access to long-term funding and capital.
Investors can try to use interest earned from money market investments to preserve wealth.	Investors can try to use returns earned from capital market investments to grow wealth.
Money market investments are typically less volatile, so they’re less likely to negatively impact the financial market or the investor.	Capital market investments tend to be more volatile, so they offer greater risk and reward potential.

Deciding Which Market to Invest In

Deciding whether to invest in the money market or capital market can depend on several things, including your:

•   Investment goals and objectives

•   Risk tolerance

•   Preferred investment style

If you’re looking for investments that are highly liquid and offer a modest rate of return with minimal risk, then you may turn to the money market. On the other hand, if you’re comfortable with a greater degree of risk in exchange for the possibility of earning higher returns, you might lean toward the capital market instead.

You could, of course, diversify by investing in both the money market and capital market. Doing so may allow you to balance higher-risk investments with lower ones while creating a portfolio mix that will attempt to produce the kind of returns you seek.

Alternatives to Money and Capital Markets

Aside from the money and capital markets, there are other places you can keep money that you don’t necessarily plan to spend right away. They include the different types of deposit accounts you can open at banks and credit unions. Specifically, you may opt to keep some of your savings in a certificate of deposit account, high-yield checking account, or traditional savings account. Here’s a closer look:

High-Yield Checking Accounts

Checking accounts are designed to hold money that you plan to use to pay bills or make purchases. Most checking accounts don’t pay interest but there are a handful of high-yield checking accounts that do.

With these accounts, you can earn interest on your checking balance. The interest rate and APY (annual percentage yield) you earn can vary by bank. Some banks also offer rewards on purchases with high-yield checking accounts. When looking for an interest-checking account, be sure to consider any fees you might pay or minimum balance requirements you’ll need to meet.

Traditional Savings Accounts

A savings account can be another secure place to keep your money and earn interest as part of the bargain. The different types of savings accounts include regular savings accounts offered at banks, credit union savings accounts, and high-yield savings accounts from online banks.

Of those options, an online savings account typically has the highest interest rates and the lowest fees. The trade-off is that you won’t have branch banking access, which may or may not matter to you.

The Takeaway

There are lots of reasons why people do not invest their money. A lack of understanding about the difference between money market vs. capital market investments can be one of them. Once you understand that the money market typically involves short-term, lower-risk debt instruments, while the capital market likely revolves around longer-term ones with higher risk and reward, you will be on your way to better knowing how the global financial market works.

Interested in opening an online bank account? When you sign up for a SoFi Checking and Savings account with eligible direct deposit, you’ll get a competitive annual percentage yield (APY), pay zero account fees, and enjoy an array of rewards, such as access to the Allpoint Network of 55,000+ fee-free ATMs globally. Qualifying accounts can even access their paycheck up to two days early.

Better banking is here with SoFi, NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Checking Account Overall.* Enjoy 3.30% APY on SoFi Checking and Savings with eligible direct deposit.

FAQ

What are the similarities between a money market and capital market?

Both the money market and the capital market are intended to make it easier for businesses and companies to gain access to capital. The main differences between money markets and capital markets are liquidity, duration, and the types of financial instruments that are traded. Both also represent ways that consumers can potentially grow their money by investing.

How is a money market and capital market interrelated?

The capital market and the money market are both part of the larger financial market. The money market works to ensure that businesses are able to reach their near-term credit needs while the capital market helps companies raise capital over longer time frames.

Why do businesses use the money markets?

Businesses use the money market to satisfy short-term credit and capital needs. Short-term debt instruments can be traded in the money market to provide businesses with funding temporarily as well as to maintain liquid cash flow.

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Annual percentage yield (APY) is variable and subject to change at any time. Rates are current as of 12/23/25. There is no minimum balance requirement. Fees may reduce earnings. Additional rates and information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet

Eligible Direct Deposit means a recurring deposit of regular income to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government benefit payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Eligible Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network every 31 calendar days.

Although we do our best to recognize all Eligible Direct Deposits, a small number of employers, payroll providers, benefits providers, or government agencies do not designate payments as direct deposit. To ensure you're earning the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit, we encourage you to check your APY Details page the day after your Eligible Direct Deposit posts to your SoFi account. If your APY is not showing as the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit, contact us at 855-456-7634 with the details of your Eligible Direct Deposit. As long as SoFi Bank can validate those details, you will start earning the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit from the date you contact SoFi for the next 31 calendar days. You will also be eligible for the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit on future Eligible Direct Deposits, as long as SoFi Bank can validate them.

Deposits that are not from an employer, payroll, or benefits provider or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, Wise, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, or are non-recurring in nature (e.g., IRS tax refunds), do not constitute Eligible Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Eligible Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate. SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder's Eligible Direct Deposit activity to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility.

See additional details at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.
SoFi Checking and Savings is offered through SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. The SoFi® Bank Debit Mastercard® is issued by SoFi Bank, N.A., pursuant to license by Mastercard International Incorporated and can be used everywhere Mastercard is accepted. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated.

*Awards or rankings from NerdWallet are not indicative of future success or results. This award and its ratings are independently determined and awarded by their respective publications.

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In an increasingly digital world, mobile banking is among the cool new tools that can enhance your quality of life. It can make managing your money on the go simple and convenient.

The range of mobile banking features you have access to can, however, depend on where you choose to bank. Some of the most common features of mobile banking include the ability to view transactions, transfer funds, and review statements, all in the palm of your hand.

Understanding how those features work matters if you’re new to mobile banking or, like growing numbers of people, you’re on the hunt for a new bank account with mobile access. In fact, according to SoFi’s April 2024 Banking Survey of 500 U.S. adults, the top reason respondents gave for switching banks was to get better mobile/online banking options. Read on to learn:

•   What is mobile banking?

•   How does mobile banking work?

•   What are some of the top features of mobile banking?

•   What are the pros and cons of mobile banking?

What Is Mobile Banking?

Mobile banking refers to a range of banking products and services that are offered through a mobile device. To access mobile banking, you’ll generally need two things:

•   A compatible and connected mobile device, such as a cell phone or tablet

•   A mobile banking app

Mobile banking is different from online banking, in terms of how you access it. To use mobile banking, you need to log in to your bank’s mobile app. With an online bank account, on the other hand, you access your account through a laptop or desktop computer.

How Does Mobile Banking Work?

Mobile banking works by allowing banking customers to access their accounts from a compatible mobile device. Instead of logging on to your bank’s website from a laptop or desktop, visiting a branch, or calling your bank’s phone banking number, you can manage your accounts right from your mobile phone or tablet.

A mobile banking app is an app that’s designed to be used specifically for banking services. Numerous traditional and niche banks have introduced mobile banking apps to complement their online and in-person banking services. You can also find mobile banking apps offered through fintech companies, neobanks, and other institutions.

Generally speaking, these apps allow you to log in with a unique user ID and password. From there, you can perform different money management tasks, based on the mobile banking features the app offers.

But is mobile banking safe? Generally, the answer is yes, as banks take various measures to encrypt and protect mobile banking app user information.

12 Features of Mobile Banking

What are the features of mobile banking? The answer depends largely on where you decide to bank, as each bank can determine what features to include in its mobile app. That being said, there are some mobile banking app features that are typically common from bank to bank. Here are a dozen features to consider.

1. Account Details

The first thing you’ll see when you log in to a mobile banking app is an overview of your accounts. Specifically, you should be able to review the following at a glance:

•   Available account balances

•   Current account balances

•   Name of each account

•   Identifying details, such as the last four digits of the account number

If you want to see how much you have in checking, for instance, you can quickly log in to your mobile banking app to view your balance.

You may also be able to see other account details, including full account numbers and your bank’s routing number. That information can come in handy if you want to set up direct deposit or schedule an ACH transfer or payment online.

2. Transaction History

One of the most helpful mobile banking features is the ability to view your transaction history. Some of the things you might be able to do with your app include:

•   Reviewing posted and pending debits

•   Reviewing posted and pending credits

•   Cleared checks

•   Filtering transactions by date, amount, or transaction type

Seeing transaction history can be helpful when making a budget; it can help you know exactly where your money is going. You can also review your transaction history to look for anything suspicious. This could include such things as purchases you don’t remember making or micro deposits that could indicate someone is trying to link your account to an external account without your consent.

3. Bill Pay

Mobile banking app features can also include bill pay services. But what is bill pay? In short, it’s a feature that allows you to schedule one-time or recurring bill payments through your banking app. You can add info on those who typically bill you, select a payment account, enter the payment amount, and schedule the date the bill should be paid all from your mobile device.

That can save you time, since you can schedule bills to be paid automatically. It can also save you money if you’re not having to buy postage to mail in check payments. One more bonus: You’re avoiding late payment fees since bills are paid on time.

4. Mobile Check Deposit

Mobile check deposit can be a highly convenient mobile banking feature for people who regularly receive checks. Instead of taking your check to a branch to deposit it, you can snap a pic of it with your mobile device and deposit it from wherever you are.

That’s one of the main benefits of mobile deposit if you use an online bank or neobank that doesn’t have physical branches or offer ATM access. If someone gives you a check, you don’t have to worry about depositing it at a brick-and-mortar financial institution and then initiating a bank transfer from one bank to another. Instead, you can deposit the check in minutes from your phone. It’s a popular option: In the SoFi survey, 43% of respondents say they frequently use mobile check deposits.

5. Person to Person Payments

Mobile banking features increasingly include the option to send person to person payments to friends and family. You can log in, navigate to the payments section of your mobile banking app and schedule a payment to someone using their email address or phone number.

Depending on where you bank, those payments might be completed in real time, meaning the money transfers from your account to theirs in minutes. That’s much easier and more convenient than withdrawing cash or writing a check and you can avoid the fees that other payment apps like Venmo or Paypal might charge.

Recommended: Pros and Cons of Online Banking

6. Cardless Withdrawal

A cardless withdrawal allows you to get cash at an ATM without needing your debit card. Instead, you can withdraw money using a secure code that’s sent to your mobile device either via text or in your mobile banking app messaging feature. That’s a nice feature to have if your debit card is lost or stolen and you need to make a withdrawal.

7. Card Management

Credit cards often offer a card lock feature that allows you to freeze your card temporarily if it’s lost or stolen. The same feature is increasingly being offered with mobile banking. If you misplace your card, you can log in to the app, select the card, and freeze it with the tap of a button. You can unfreeze your card the same way if you find it. If you don’t, you can leave it locked until you’re able to contact customer service to report the loss.

8. Account Alerts

Setting up account alerts and notifications can be a great way to stay on top of your money and potentially head off fraud. Some of the alerts you might be able to set up with your mobile banking app include:

•   New credit and debit transaction alerts

•   Alerts notifying you of changes to your account information, such as your address or contact email

•   Failed login attempts

•   Updates to your user ID or password

•   Low account balances

You may be able to set up individual alerts for each account that you have or blanket alerts that cover all of your accounts. And you might be able to choose from email alerts, text alerts, or both, depending on your bank.

9. Statements and Documents

Opting in to electronic statements can help you avoid wasting paper. You might also avoid a fee if your bank charges you to get statements in the mail. In addition to viewing your statements through your mobile device, you might also be able to review other documents as well such as tax forms if you’re earning interest with a savings account. Or you could check investment account statements if you have a brokerage account at your bank as well.

10. New Account Opening

Need to open a new bank account? You might be able to skip the branch and set up a new checking, savings, money market, or CD account through your mobile banking app. You can save some time if you’re a customer and are already logged in, since the bank will have the relevant information needed to open the account. And you can easily arrange to transfer money from one of your existing accounts to the new account to cover your initial deposit.

11. Secure Messaging

Mobile banking apps can also include a message center where you can send and receive messages with your bank securely. If you’ve set up account alerts or notifications, for example, you can review those notifications through the message center as they come in. Your bank may also use the message center to send other secure notifications regarding your accounts.

12. Money Management Services

Your mobile app could save you time if you’re able to complete certain banking services from your device without having to visit or call a branch. For example, some of the things you might be able to do include:

•   Ordering checks

•   Putting a stop payment on a check you’ve written

•   Linking external accounts

•   Schedule bank to bank transfers

•   Managing overdraft protection

•   Reviewing fee schedules for your accounts

•   Ordering foreign currency

•   Requesting copies of checks

•   Finding bank locations near you

•   Connecting with customer support

You might even be able to use budgeting tools offered by your bank, like 23% of SoFi’s survey respondents do.

These features might be listed under a section called “Service Center” or “Services” in your mobile banking app. While you may not need most of them on a regular basis, being able to access them at your fingertips is a nice incentive to use mobile banking.

Banking With SoFi

Weighing the pros and cons of online banking and mobile banking can give you perspective on what’s good (or bad) about either one. If you’re specifically interested in being able to bank on the go, then finding an account that offers a robust mobile banking app is a must.

Interested in opening an online bank account? When you sign up for a SoFi Checking and Savings account with eligible direct deposit, you’ll get a competitive annual percentage yield (APY), pay zero account fees, and enjoy an array of rewards, such as access to the Allpoint Network of 55,000+ fee-free ATMs globally. Qualifying accounts can even access their paycheck up to two days early.

Better banking is here with SoFi, NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Checking Account Overall.* Enjoy 3.30% APY on SoFi Checking and Savings with eligible direct deposit.

FAQ

What are the benefits of mobile banking?

One of the main benefits of mobile banking is convenience. You don’t need to go to a branch or log in to your laptop to manage your money. Instead, you can transfer funds between accounts, view balances, pay bills, and send money to friends and family from your mobile device.

Are there any disadvantages of mobile banking?

The main disadvantage of mobile banking is that you can’t deposit cash through an app. If you need to deposit cash, you’ll need to take it to a bank branch or ATM to do so. Otherwise, there are very few drawbacks to mobile banking apps.

What is the purpose of mobile banking?

The purpose of mobile banking is to allow you to manage your bank accounts from anywhere as long as you have a compatible device and an internet connection. Mobile banking can save you time since you don’t have to go to a bank branch to complete basic transactions with your accounts.

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Photo credit: iStock/Kawanilaz

SoFi Checking and Savings is offered through SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. The SoFi® Bank Debit Mastercard® is issued by SoFi Bank, N.A., pursuant to license by Mastercard International Incorporated and can be used everywhere Mastercard is accepted. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated.

Annual percentage yield (APY) is variable and subject to change at any time. Rates are current as of 12/23/25. There is no minimum balance requirement. Fees may reduce earnings. Additional rates and information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet

Eligible Direct Deposit means a recurring deposit of regular income to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government benefit payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Eligible Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network every 31 calendar days.

Although we do our best to recognize all Eligible Direct Deposits, a small number of employers, payroll providers, benefits providers, or government agencies do not designate payments as direct deposit. To ensure you're earning the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit, we encourage you to check your APY Details page the day after your Eligible Direct Deposit posts to your SoFi account. If your APY is not showing as the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit, contact us at 855-456-7634 with the details of your Eligible Direct Deposit. As long as SoFi Bank can validate those details, you will start earning the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit from the date you contact SoFi for the next 31 calendar days. You will also be eligible for the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit on future Eligible Direct Deposits, as long as SoFi Bank can validate them.

Deposits that are not from an employer, payroll, or benefits provider or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, Wise, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, or are non-recurring in nature (e.g., IRS tax refunds), do not constitute Eligible Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Eligible Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate. SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder's Eligible Direct Deposit activity to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility.

See additional details at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.
*Awards or rankings from NerdWallet are not indicative of future success or results. This award and its ratings are independently determined and awarded by their respective publications.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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Dealing with people who ask for money can be uncomfortable, and it can put a strain on even the best of relationships. You may feel pressured to say yes when you can’t really afford to. Or you may get tired of handing over your hard-earned cash to someone you view as being financially irresponsible.

Having a strategy for answering when someone asks for money can make those situations feel less awkward — and keep you from making a poor financial decision.

Determining if You Have the Funds to Help First

Any time someone asks for money, there’s an important question to ask before you consider saying yes: What can I afford?

Giving friends money when they’re in a jam could make you deplete your bank account if your budget is already strained. So before agreeing to hand over any cash, review your financial situation first to see how much money you can realistically part with.

This is especially important when someone asks for money, and it’s more than just a few bucks. Say your aging parents ask you for $10,000 to help with medical bills, for example. That’s not exactly pocket change. Talking to parents about money may not be easy but if you can’t afford to part with that kind of money, it’s important to say so upfront.

Recommended: Guide to Practicing Financial Self-Care

Determining if It Is for a Genuine Need or Financial Situation

When someone asks for money, it’s natural to want to know what it’s for. And that might play a part in your decision to say yes or no.

For example, there’s a big difference between your younger sibling asking you for $1,000 to put a security deposit on an apartment and asking for $1,000 to buy a gaming console. One is a need, while the other is a want.

If you’re constantly dealing with family members or friends who ask for money to fund their desired lifestyle, you may begin to feel that you’re being taken advantage of. So it’s okay to set boundaries and specify that you’re only willing to give friends and family money in situations where there’s a genuine need.

However, be wary. Some people might use their hard-earned money on things like, say, the latest mobile device or a weekend away, and then come knocking for cash when a student loan or medical bill is due. Again, you don’t want to fund someone’s extravagant lifestyle.

Understanding the Risk Involved With Lending Money

Borrowing from friends and family isn’t the same as getting a personal loan from a bank. If someone asks you for money, they probably aren’t expecting you to whip out a loan agreement or charge them fees and interest, for instance. And they might assume that if they don’t pay you back, you won’t bombard them with collection calls the way a traditional lender would.

When you lend money to friends and family, you’re taking on risk. If they don’t pay you back, then you likely won’t be able to get that money back unless you’re willing to sue them in small claims court. When debts between friends or family members go unpaid, that can lead to the eventual breakdown of the relationship.

If people who ask for money regularly seek you out, there are two ways you can try to manage the risk factor:

•   Require them to sign a loan agreement

•   Consider the money a gift

The former can give you some legal protection if they don’t pay, but some people might balk at having to sign it. The latter, meanwhile, eliminates all risk since you’re assuming you’re never going to get the money back anyway. But you have to be sure beforehand that you can afford the loss.

Also, be aware that it may change the nature of your relationship with the person to whom you are gifting the money. Consider whether you want to set a precedent of bailing out, say, your younger sister’s or your fiancé’s finances.

Recommended: 5 Ways to Achieve Financial Security

Paying for Things Directly Instead of Gifting Money

If you’re not comfortable giving cash to friends or relatives who ask for money, you could offer to pay for things for them instead. If your best friend asks for $300 to pay their electric bill, you might not feel 100% sure they’ll use the money for that. You could offer to pay the bill for them instead.

You might also consider offering non-financial help. For example, if you have a cousin who is a struggling single parent and often requests cash, you might offer to watch their kids for free so they can spend time looking for a higher-paying job or take night classes to advance their education. You’re still helping them out, but you’re not giving them permission to turn to you for money every time they need it.

Watching Out for Your Financial Goals

Saying yes when someone asks for money can be problematic if it means your financial goals suffer. Going back to the example of aging parents, helping them pay for medical bills or other expenses in retirement could mean that you’re shortchanging your own financial future.

Again, it all goes back to looking at how much you can afford to give and whether you’re comfortable giving money to friends and family, knowing that you might never see that moolah again.

If doing so would put your money goals at risk, it’s important to consider whether helping them out is truly worth it, especially if the money they’re asking for is to fund wants rather than needs.

Learning From Your Mistakes

If you’ve gotten into the habit of automatically saying yes when people ask for money or you’ve given someone money in the past and regretted it, it’s not too late to correct those mistakes.

For example, say you have that one friend who, when you dine out, always asks if you can pick up the tab when the check arrives. Maybe they say they haven’t gotten paid yet and that you are lucky to earn a higher, dependable salary.

Remember, it’s perfectly okay to say, “I can’t afford to keep picking up the tab for dinner. What’s another way we can enjoy time together without spending as much?”You could suggest that instead of going out, you do potlucks at home instead. This could help you to avoid feeling like you’re being taken advantage of.

If you feel like you’ve made a mistake with money by lending it or giving it to friends and family, don’t shy away from it. Analyze the situation to figure out what went wrong, then commit to not repeating those same mistakes again. Just because you gave a person money in the past doesn’t mean you must continue to do so.

Teaching Them Smart Financial Habits

If you find yourself dealing with someone who asks for money on a regular basis because they’re terrible at managing their finances, you could offer to help. For example, you might introduce them to some online resources for learning about money or share your favorite budgeting app or savings calculator with them.

Keep in mind that this doesn’t always work. If someone has learned poor financial habits from an early age and doesn’t seem inclined to change them, you may not be able to put them on a different path. In that case, you may need to kindly but firmly say no to their frequent requests for money and know that you tried to improve their situation via education.

Providing Financial Resources to Help Them

If someone asks for money and you either can’t afford to give it or would prefer not to, you can still point them in the right direction. You can help them explore other ways to borrow money, such as personal loans, lines of credit, or credit cards.

Just be mindful of steering them toward loans that might worsen their financial situation. Payday loans, for example, can feature astronomical interest rates that can quickly lead borrowers into a downward spiral of expensive debt. Cash advances on credit cards are another very expensive way to borrow money that one may want to avoid.

Valuing Yourself and Your Hard Work

You work hard for your money, so it doesn’t make sense to give it away without some thought beforehand. A request in and of itself isn’t a good reason to part with your cash. For all you know, the person asked half a dozen people who said no before they came to you, and they may have several people they are planning on asking for funds if you decline.

When people ask for cash, check in with your money mindset. Don’t undervalue the effort it took for you to make it, even if that’s not something that’s on their radar. Also, be clear about how it will be used.

For example, finding out after the fact that the $500 you thought was going to buy groceries for your sister and her kids actually went to funding a trip to an amusement park might make you feel resentful. You may feel like your hard work to make that $500 was all for nothing since it went to a frivolous expense.

Not Giving Out of Guilt

Guilt can play a big part in influencing financial decisions. For example, perhaps your spouse’s parents gave you the money to put down on a home after you were married. That can lead to sticky situations with how to handle money with in-laws for years to come if they later need financial help and automatically expect you to provide it.

You may feel too guilty about the down payment gift to say no, which could put a strain on your finances or even your marriage. Or it may be your parents who are putting a guilt trip on you to justify asking you to pay for their expenses in retirement. Talking about money with your partner can help you to avoid conflicts in these kinds of situations.

Guilt can also come into play in other ways. For instance, you might feel guilty about making more money than your friends and use that as an excuse to always pay for nights out or give them money. But allowing guilt to guide you can lead to everyone you know treating you like a personal bank. So it can be important to not let guilt cloud your decisions, and feel comfortable saying, “No, sorry I can’t” to money requests without feeling obligated to explain your reasoning.

The Takeaway

Knowing how to navigate the conversation when people ask for money can make those situations less stressful. You don’t always need to say no, but it’s important to know when doing so makes sense for your financial situation — and your personal relationships. Whether you do or don’t choose to loan money to friends and family, it’s important to keep working toward your own financial goals by saving regularly.

Interested in opening an online bank account? When you sign up for a SoFi Checking and Savings account with eligible direct deposit, you’ll get a competitive annual percentage yield (APY), pay zero account fees, and enjoy an array of rewards, such as access to the Allpoint Network of 55,000+ fee-free ATMs globally. Qualifying accounts can even access their paycheck up to two days early.

Better banking is here with SoFi, NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Checking Account Overall.* Enjoy 3.30% APY on SoFi Checking and Savings with eligible direct deposit.

FAQ

When should you say no to someone who asks for money?

It may be a good idea to say no to someone who asks for money if you truly can’t afford to give it or if you believe the money will be wasted on wants vs. needs. You should also consider saying no if you suspect the money will be used for illegal purposes.

How can we trust if someone is telling the truth?

There’s no way to tell if someone is being truthful, short of giving them a lie detector test. When someone asks for money, you essentially have to trust your instincts. If you suspect they might not be truthful about why they need the money, then you can say no.

How can I avoid disputes if I choose to say no?

Telling someone who asks for money that your answer is no could lead to conflicts. If you’re worried about a dispute, you can explain your reasons for saying no or simply say, “I’m sorry; it’s just not a good time.” Don’t allow them to argue with you or try to wear you down to change your decision.

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About the author

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Photo credit: iStock/Sergey Nazarov

SoFi Checking and Savings is offered through SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. The SoFi® Bank Debit Mastercard® is issued by SoFi Bank, N.A., pursuant to license by Mastercard International Incorporated and can be used everywhere Mastercard is accepted. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated.

Annual percentage yield (APY) is variable and subject to change at any time. Rates are current as of 12/23/25. There is no minimum balance requirement. Fees may reduce earnings. Additional rates and information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet

Eligible Direct Deposit means a recurring deposit of regular income to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government benefit payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Eligible Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network every 31 calendar days.

Although we do our best to recognize all Eligible Direct Deposits, a small number of employers, payroll providers, benefits providers, or government agencies do not designate payments as direct deposit. To ensure you're earning the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit, we encourage you to check your APY Details page the day after your Eligible Direct Deposit posts to your SoFi account. If your APY is not showing as the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit, contact us at 855-456-7634 with the details of your Eligible Direct Deposit. As long as SoFi Bank can validate those details, you will start earning the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit from the date you contact SoFi for the next 31 calendar days. You will also be eligible for the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit on future Eligible Direct Deposits, as long as SoFi Bank can validate them.

Deposits that are not from an employer, payroll, or benefits provider or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, Wise, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, or are non-recurring in nature (e.g., IRS tax refunds), do not constitute Eligible Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Eligible Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate. SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder's Eligible Direct Deposit activity to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility.

See additional details at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.
*Awards or rankings from NerdWallet are not indicative of future success or results. This award and its ratings are independently determined and awarded by their respective publications.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

We do not charge any account, service or maintenance fees for SoFi Checking and Savings. We do charge a transaction fee to process each outgoing wire transfer. SoFi does not charge a fee for incoming wire transfers, however the sending bank may charge a fee. Our fee policy is subject to change at any time. See the SoFi Bank Fee Sheet for details at sofi.com/legal/banking-fees/.

SOBNK-Q424-039

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In this era of the Gig Economy, side hustles, and entrepreneurship, many people are freelancers. Working this way can offer flexibility and unlimited earning potential, but it can also bring a learning curve when it comes to managing your money. Financial planning for freelancers means knowing how to handle things like tracking income and expenses, planning for taxes, and investing for retirement.

Mastering freelance money management can take some time and focus, but it’s a worthwhile pursuit if it helps you to achieve your financial goals. The better you understand how to manage finances as a freelancer, the easier it can be to get ahead.

To help get on the right path, read on to learn, among other topics:

•   Why financial planning is important for freelancers

•   How to create a budget as a freelancer

•   How to track cash flow

•   How to separate business and personal expenses

What Is a Freelancer?

A freelancer is someone who gets paid to complete work on a per-job basis. Freelancers are independent contractors, not employees. A freelancer can work with multiple clients on a contract basis, performing a variety of tasks.

Why does understanding this definition matter for freelance money management? It’s important because freelancers are not entitled to the same financial perks as hourly or salaried employees.

As a freelancer, you’re responsible for handling things like retirement planning, health insurance, and taxes yourself. You also won’t have paid vacations and holidays the way employees do, which may factor into your cash flow and money management planning.

Why Financial Planning Is Important

What is financial planning? Financial planning is the process of creating a plan for managing your money. A financial plan can include both short-term and long-term goals and the steps you’ll need to take to achieve them. For example, your financial plan might include a strategy for paying off student loans or saving money toward a down payment on a home.

Financial planning for freelancers is important because you’re in charge of deciding what happens with your money. Learning how to manage finances as a freelancer can help you to:

•   Create a workable budget, even if you have irregular income

•   Formulate a plan for saving for retirement

•   Stay on top of your tax obligations

•   Streamline expenses so you can avoid debt

•   Plan for emergencies or unexpected costs

Planning can be a pathway to good financial health. And it’s an opportunity to develop positive habits and improve your money mindset, both of which can benefit you throughout your freelance career.

11 Tips for Financially Planning as a Freelancer

If you’re new to freelance money management, you may not know where to start or what you even need to be doing. Having a blueprint to follow can make it easier to develop a workable plan for managing money. Here are some essential steps to include in your financial plan if you have a freelance mindset.

1. Having and Maintaining a Budget

A budget is a plan for spending the money you make each month. If you want to be better with money as a freelancer, then creating and sticking to a budget is non-negotiable. It will help you both understand and optimize your finances.

When making a freelancer budget, start with income first. If your income is irregular, it can help to create an average as your baseline. So you’d add up all the money you made from freelancing over the past 12 months, for instance, then divide by 12 to arrive at a monthly average income.

You can then plan out your expenses (more on that in a minute), using that average as your baseline. You’ll tally how much money flows out for necessities every month, and see how much profit you are making.

When you have higher-income months, you can stash extra money in a savings account to help cover expenses in months when income is lower. You’ll also want to put money towards an emergency fund and retirement (more details below).

2. Giving Yourself a Consistent Paycheck

When you freelance, there’s no such thing as a weekly or biweekly paycheck. Instead, you might get paid on different dates each month, depending on how your clients handle payments.

That can lead to uncertainty about when to pay bills. You can avoid that issue by giving yourself a consistent paycheck on a regular schedule. So you might pay yourself a set amount on the 1st and 15th of each month, for example.

To do that, you might need to set aside enough money to cover one month’s worth of bills in your checking account first. That way, you can pay yourself according to the schedule you set without having to worry about overdrawing your bank account.

3. Keeping Track of Your Expenses

Tracking expenses is central to managing money better as a freelancer, especially if you’re worried about going over budget. It’s important to keep tabs on both your personal expenses and your business expenses so you know how much you’re spending each month. When adding up your business expenses, be thorough: Do you rent an office? If so, don’t forget about the electrical bill and any cleaning services as expenses.

Also track the costs of legal fees, insurance, website hosting and any online advertising you may do. Some of these charges can be billed annually, and you may lose sight of them since they don’t recur.

Keeping up with business spending also matters from a tax perspective. There are a number of tax deductible expenses for freelancers that can help to reduce your tax bill.

For example, you might be able to write off marketing expenses if you maintain a website for your business or claim an office at home tax deduction. Having a paper trail to back up those deductions is important in case the IRS targets you for an audit.

4. Timing Your Freelance Projects

Staying booked and busy is every freelancer’s dream since no work means no income. Timing your freelance projects can help to keep your income and cash flow consistent, so that you’re not struggling to stay on top of the bills. For example, if you’re a freelance writer, you might set deadlines to allow yourself enough time to invoice for your work (and get paid) before certain bills come due.

There’s another dimension to timing to consider as well. It’s important to think about how much time it will take to complete a project when setting rates. Underestimating the amount of time involved could cause you to shortchange yourself when quoting rates to clients. A good rule of thumb is to assume that any project will take 20% to 50% longer than you think it will. Then base your rates on that higher number.

5. Paying Down Your Debt

Debt can be a stumbling block to getting ahead financially as a freelancer. If you have student loans, a credit card balance, or other debt, it’s to your advantage to create a plan for paying off your debt as quickly as possible.

If your income is irregular, your budget should be designed to ensure that your most important living expenses are paid first. You can then decide how much room you have left in your budget to commit to debt repayment.

Also, consider ways to make your debt less expensive. Refinancing student loans, for example, may help you to get a lower rate and monthly payment, if you qualify for them, which can ease budget strain. You might also consolidate credit card debt with a better APR (annual percentage rate) credit card or even a rate of 0% with a balance-transfer offer. This can help you save on interest, which could make it easier to pay off your debt.

6. Separating Business and Personal Expenses

Keeping business and personal spending separate is a good idea for a few reasons. It makes it easier to create budgets for personal expenses and business expenses, so you know what you’re spending on each one. And you may encounter fewer headaches at tax time when trying to claim freelance tax deductions if business expenses are separate.

Opening a business bank account is a simple way to separate your spending each month. You can link it to your personal checking account in order to pay yourself your regular paycheck. You may also consider opening a separate business credit card to cover freelancing expenses if you can afford to pay the bill in full each month and avoid interest charges.

7. Investing in Insurance

As a freelancer, you don’t have access to employer-sponsored health insurance. So if you want to get covered, you’ll need to purchase a policy yourself. Self-employed individuals, including freelancers, can buy health insurance through the Health Insurance Marketplace.

When comparing health insurance plans, pay attention to:

•   Premiums

•   Deductibles

•   Copays and coinsurance

•   Coverage limits

You may also consider applying for health insurance through Medicaid if you have little to no income or financial resources. Eligibility for Medicaid is based on your income, household size, and assets. You can apply through your local department of social services.

In addition to health insurance, you may also want to look into insurance for your business. Liability insurance, for example, can protect you against claims arising from copyright infringement, libel, or defamation. That type of insurance can come in handy if you’re sued.

8. Having an Emergency Fund

An emergency fund is money that you set aside for unexpected expenses; say, a major car repair or medical bill. As a freelancer, an emergency fund can be invaluable if your work assignments dry up or you get sick and are unable to work temporarily.

In terms of how much to save for emergencies, three to six months’ worth of expenses is a commonly-used rule of thumb. But you might want to double or even triple that amount if your freelance income is irregular or you’re worried about a sustained client drought.

Recommended: Ready to build your emergency fund? Use our emergency fund calculator to determine the right amount.

Keeping your emergency fund in an online savings account is an option to consider. The annual percentage yield (APY) tends to be higher than what bricks-and-mortar banks offer. Online savings accounts may also charge fewer fees than traditional savings accounts.

9. Accounting for Taxes

Freelancing means you don’t have an employer taking out taxes from your paychecks. So you’ll have to handle taxes yourself.

Generally speaking, the IRS requires you to file an annual tax return and pay estimated quarterly taxes if you expect to owe $1,000 or more for the year. Quarterly taxes are essentially an advance payment against the amount of tax you’ll likely owe for the year.

Estimated taxes are due four times a year, typically:

•   April 15 (1st payment)

•   June 15 (2nd payment)

•   September 15 (3rd payment)

•   January 15 of the following year (4th payment)

Failing to make those payments on time can trigger penalties. If your state collects income tax, you’ll also need to make estimated payments to your state revenue agency.

You can use an online tax calculator to gauge how much you’ll need to pay for estimated taxes each quarter. It may be helpful to set up a separate business checking account or savings account to hold the money for those payments. As your clients pay invoices, you can allocate part of each payment to your tax account.

If filing taxes as a freelancer seems overwhelming, consider talking to an accountant or another tax professional who can help you figure out how much to set aside for taxes and how to maximize deductions in order to lower your tax bill. You may be surprised to learn about some business tax credits you didn’t know about.

10. Investing Your Money

Investing is key to building wealth since it allows you to take advantage of the power of compounding returns. If you already have an emergency fund in place, the next step in freelance money managing is creating an investment portfolio.

You can start with a retirement account if you don’t already have one. Freelancers can use traditional IRAs, Roth IRAs, SEP IRAs, and solo 401(k) plans to save for retirement. Each of these plans can offer a tax-advantaged way to save for the future. You can supplement your retirement savings with investments in a taxable brokerage account if you choose.

When investing as a freelancer, consider your risk tolerance and how much you have to invest, based on your budget. You may need to start with a small monthly amount, but you could build on that over time. The most important thing is to start saving and investing for the future.

11. Taking Advantage of Resources

Financial planning as a freelancer can be easier when you have the right tools and resources. For instance, some of the things you might consider incorporating into your plan include:

•   Budgeting apps

•   Tax management apps

•   Online bank accounts for freelancers

•   Investment apps

You can also search online for resources to help with things like insurance and tax planning.

Managing Finances With SoFi

Between managing deadlines, tracking invoices, and keeping up with client needs, freelancing can be demanding. Finding ways to simplify money management as a freelancer, including opening the right bank account, can save you valuable time and money.

Interested in opening an online bank account? When you sign up for a SoFi Checking and Savings account with eligible direct deposit, you’ll get a competitive annual percentage yield (APY), pay zero account fees, and enjoy an array of rewards, such as access to the Allpoint Network of 55,000+ fee-free ATMs globally. Qualifying accounts can even access their paycheck up to two days early.

Better banking is here with SoFi, NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Checking Account Overall.* Enjoy 3.30% APY on SoFi Checking and Savings with eligible direct deposit.

FAQ

How is freelancing paid?

Freelancers can get paid in a number of ways, depending on their clients’ preferences. For example, clients can send payments through PayPal, Stripe, direct deposit, or paper checks. When negotiating a freelance contract with a new client, it’s important to understand how and when you’ll be paid for the work you perform. In some professions, it can be typical for clients to take 30 days or longer to pay invoices.

Do you need insurance if you are a part-time freelancer?

If you freelance part-time while working a full-time job, you may be covered by a policy from your main employer. But if you have no insurance coverage at all, it could make sense to buy a policy for yourself through the healthcare marketplace. You may also want to look into buying separate liability insurance for your business.

What are some good freelancer jobs?

There are lots of ways to make money as a freelancer. Some of the highest-paying freelance gigs can include copywriting, graphic design, and editing. There are also a variety of freelance jobs that may be desirable because you can set your own hours, such as driving an Uber.

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About the author

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Photo credit: iStock/StefaNikolic

SoFi Checking and Savings is offered through SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. The SoFi® Bank Debit Mastercard® is issued by SoFi Bank, N.A., pursuant to license by Mastercard International Incorporated and can be used everywhere Mastercard is accepted. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated.

3.30% APY
Annual percentage yield (APY) is variable and subject to change at any time. Rates are current as of 12/23/25. There is no minimum balance requirement. Fees may reduce earnings. Additional rates and information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet

Eligible Direct Deposit means a recurring deposit of regular income to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government benefit payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Eligible Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network every 31 calendar days.

Although we do our best to recognize all Eligible Direct Deposits, a small number of employers, payroll providers, benefits providers, or government agencies do not designate payments as direct deposit. To ensure you're earning the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit, we encourage you to check your APY Details page the day after your Eligible Direct Deposit posts to your SoFi account. If your APY is not showing as the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit, contact us at 855-456-7634 with the details of your Eligible Direct Deposit. As long as SoFi Bank can validate those details, you will start earning the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit from the date you contact SoFi for the next 31 calendar days. You will also be eligible for the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit on future Eligible Direct Deposits, as long as SoFi Bank can validate them.

Deposits that are not from an employer, payroll, or benefits provider or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, Wise, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, or are non-recurring in nature (e.g., IRS tax refunds), do not constitute Eligible Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Eligible Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate. SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder's Eligible Direct Deposit activity to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility.

See additional details at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.
*Awards or rankings from NerdWallet are not indicative of future success or results. This award and its ratings are independently determined and awarded by their respective publications.

Tax Information: This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or tax advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or tax advice.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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Certificate of deposit accounts lock in your money for a certain period and guarantee an interest rate. But sometimes, life happens in the middle of the CD’s term. You have a dental emergency, your car needs new tires, or (yes, please!) a friend offers you a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to join a trip to Barcelona but you just don’t have cash on hand to afford it. In these and other situations, you may be tempted to crack into a CD.

Should you do so, however, you will likely have to pay an early withdrawal penalty since you aren’t sticking with the agreed-to maturity term (the amount of time the CD was set for). You might forfeit some or all of the interest earned as a result. Read on to learn more about early withdrawal penalties for CDs and how to avoid them.

What Is a CD Early Withdrawal Penalty?

First, what is a CD? In simple terms, it’s an FDIC-insured time deposit. When you open a certificate of deposit account, you’re depositing money for a specific time frame. Depending on the CD, this may be as little as 30 days or as long as 10 years.

As the CD matures, your balance can earn interest. Generally, the longer the term, the higher the interest rate and APY. However, if you take money out before the maturity date, the bank can charge a CD withdrawal penalty.

Federal law sets the minimum penalty for early CD withdrawal at seven days’ interest if you withdraw money within the first six days after deposit. Banks can set the maximum CD withdrawal penalty higher.

The amount you might pay for withdrawing money from a CD early can depend on several factors, including:

•   Maturity term of the CD

•   How long the CD was open before you made the withdrawal

•   The amount of the initial deposit and the amount that’s withdrawn.

Your bank may or may not allow you to make a partial early CD withdrawal. If you’re not able to withdraw a partial amount, you might have to cash out the whole CD which could result in a larger penalty.

How to Calculate an Early Withdrawal Penalty for a CD

You’re probably wondering just how steep a penalty you’d have to pay for early CD withdrawal. Are we talking $5 or 5% of the money invested? More?

Banks are required to provide you with certain disclosures regarding your accounts, including CD accounts. So the first step in calculating what you might pay for a CD early withdrawal penalty is to review your bank’s policy.

Again, this can vary depending on the bank. So, for example, here’s what a few banks charge if you make an early withdrawal from CD accounts. All penalties are deducted from the CD’s principal.

CD Term	CD Early Withdrawal Penalty
1 year	•   180 days’ interest •   3 months’ interest •   Half of interest the money would have earned over entire term or 1% of the amount withdrawn, whichever is greater, plus $25
3 years	•   180 days’ interest •   6 months’ interest •   Half of interest the money would have earned over entire term or 3% of the amount withdrawn, whichever is greater, plus $25

You should be able to find this information readily available on your bank’s website. But if not, you can contact your bank or visit a branch to get more details on the penalties for early withdrawal from a CD. In addition to telling you what the penalty is, the bank should also be able to tell you how the penalty is calculated.

Banks may calculate the penalty for early CD withdrawal based on:

•   The amount withdrawn

•   The entire balance

•   Daily interest or monthly interest.

Calculating a CD Early WIthdrawal Penalty

Want to get a little more granular? Let’s dive into a little basic math to show you how the numbers look. Using Chase as an example, we see that the bank uses the amount withdrawn as the basis for calculating CD early withdrawal penalties. The calculation uses daily rather than monthly interest.

So the formula for calculating the penalty you might pay for an early CD withdrawal would look like this:

Penalty = Amount withdrawn x (Interest rate/365) x number of days’ interest.

So, say you have a 12-month CD that’s earning a 5% APY. You withdraw your initial $5,000 deposit six months prior to the CD’s maturity date. The math would look like this:

$5,000 x (0.05/365) x 180 = $123.29

You could also use an online CD early-withdrawal penalty calculator to figure out how much interest you might forfeit if you decide to withdraw money from a CD ahead of schedule.

Ways to Avoid Early Withdrawal Penalties for a CD

There are some options for avoiding prepayment penalties associated with early CD withdrawals. The strategies you could try include:

•   Withdrawing only the interest earned. Your bank may allow you to withdraw the interest earned on a CD without assessing a penalty. This assumes that you don’t touch the principal amount at all. This could be an attractive option if you need some quick cash but don’t necessarily need or want to withdraw your initial deposit.

•   Requesting a waiver of the penalty due to a crisis. If you are really in a bind, your bank may honor this.

•   Tapping your rainy-day money instead, but this should really only be done if you have the right reason to using your emergency fund.

•   Opening a no-penalty CD account. Banks can offer CDs that don’t charge a penalty for early CD withdrawal. The trade-off is that no-penalty CDs may offer a lower interest rate and APY, so you’d have to consider whether the convenience afforded by no-penalty CDs outweighs earning a higher rate.

•   Building a CD ladder. A CD ladder is a collection of CD accounts, each with varying maturity terms. So you might have five CDs with maturity dates spaced six months apart. The idea is that you can avoid early withdrawal penalties because your next maturity date is always on the horizon.

•   Consider a CD-secured loan. You may find some lenders who offer a CD-secured loan, but review the terms carefully and be sure you can make the payments at a time when money is tight.

Recommended: What Does Private Banking Offer?

When to Withdraw CDs Early

Withdrawing money from a CD early, even if it means triggering an early CD withdrawal penalty, could make sense in some situations. Some examples:

•   If you have an emergency situation with no other cash reserves to rely on and you want to avoid using credit, it may be the best (or only move). For example, say your car breaks down and you need $5,000 to fix it, but you only have $1,200 in your emergency fund. Then paying a CD withdrawal penalty could be worth it. This move would allow you to avoid having to charge the expense on a high-interest credit card or take out a loan.

•   Paying a penalty for early CD withdrawal could be worthwhile if your interest rate is low. You could access the funds and, with what you don’t use up, roll the money into a new CD with a higher APY. You’d have to calculate the amount of the penalty for withdrawing money early and compare that to the interest you could earn with a new CD to decide if it’s worth it or not.

Recommended: 10 Personal Finance Basics

The Takeaway

Investing in CDs can make sense if you want a safe way to earn interest on money you don’t necessarily need for the near-term. But sometimes, you’ll feel you must withdraw money early from a CD, despite the fact that you locked in for a specific term and interest rate. When doing so, you’ll face penalties, which may or may not make this transaction worth it to you. You can also follow a couple of smart money strategies to make sure you avoid triggering early CD withdrawal penalties in the future, because who wants to pay fees unless you absolutely have to?

If you hate penalties and fees, it can be wise to consider all your possibilities in terms of where to keep your money.

Interested in opening an online bank account? When you sign up for a SoFi Checking and Savings account with eligible direct deposit, you’ll get a competitive annual percentage yield (APY), pay zero account fees, and enjoy an array of rewards, such as access to the Allpoint Network of 55,000+ fee-free ATMs globally. Qualifying accounts can even access their paycheck up to two days early.

Better banking is here with SoFi, NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Checking Account Overall.* Enjoy 3.30% APY on SoFi Checking and Savings with eligible direct deposit.

FAQ

What happens if I take money out of a CD early?

If you withdraw money from a CD early, you will likely be assessed a penalty, which is often all or some of the interest earned, and possibly a fee.

Can I write off a CD early withdrawal penalty?

If you wind up paying an early withdrawal penalty, you can deduct the amount from your taxes, even if it’s greater than the interest earned.

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About the author

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SoFi Checking and Savings is offered through SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. The SoFi® Bank Debit Mastercard® is issued by SoFi Bank, N.A., pursuant to license by Mastercard International Incorporated and can be used everywhere Mastercard is accepted. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated.

Annual percentage yield (APY) is variable and subject to change at any time. Rates are current as of 12/23/25. There is no minimum balance requirement. Fees may reduce earnings. Additional rates and information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet

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Although we do our best to recognize all Eligible Direct Deposits, a small number of employers, payroll providers, benefits providers, or government agencies do not designate payments as direct deposit. To ensure you're earning the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit, we encourage you to check your APY Details page the day after your Eligible Direct Deposit posts to your SoFi account. If your APY is not showing as the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit, contact us at 855-456-7634 with the details of your Eligible Direct Deposit. As long as SoFi Bank can validate those details, you will start earning the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit from the date you contact SoFi for the next 31 calendar days. You will also be eligible for the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit on future Eligible Direct Deposits, as long as SoFi Bank can validate them.

Deposits that are not from an employer, payroll, or benefits provider or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, Wise, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, or are non-recurring in nature (e.g., IRS tax refunds), do not constitute Eligible Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Eligible Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate. SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder's Eligible Direct Deposit activity to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility.

See additional details at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.
Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Tax Information: This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or tax advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or tax advice.

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