What Credit Score Do You Need to Lease a Car?

What Credit Score Is Needed to Lease a Car?

If you are thinking about getting a car, you likely are deciding between buying or leasing. And if leasing seems like the right option for your finances and lifestyle, then you probably want to know what is needed to seal that deal.

Leasing a car typically requires both some cash and a solid credit score. If you have a high credit score, you may snag the best possible (meaning lowest) interest rate. If your credit history is not solid, then you may face higher rates or have difficulty getting approved.

Here, you can learn about:

•  What are car lease requirements?

•  Can you lease a car with a credit score under 680?

•  Can you build your credit?

•  Can leasing help or hurt your credit score?

What Are Car Lease Requirements?

It’s a good idea to know your credit score before you start shopping around; your credit score is an important factor influencing the final lease amount. If you have poor credit and only have $300 a month to spend on the lease and insurance, a lot of that amount might be going to the higher interest rate a lender could potentially offer you.

If, on the other hand, you have good credit and $300 a month to spend on the lease and insurance, you may be able to lease a better quality car. Here’s why: Not as much money will be going to interest payments. (It’s always a good idea to weigh the pros and cons of leasing vs. buying a car before pulling the trigger on either financial decision.)

A couple of points to consider:

•  When you’re wondering, “Do you need good credit to lease a car,” the answer is typically yes. Having good credit may make it easier to lease a car because a leasing company may not see you as financially risky as someone who has poor credit. Not all leasing companies will necessarily approve a car lease for someone who has a low credit score.

•  You might also need to prove that you have a job with a certain income when you’re leasing a car, show recent bank statements, or that you have a cosigner with a good credit history.

What Credit Score Do You Need to Lease a Car?

As you may know, credit scores typically go from 300 to 850, with five credit score ranges:

•  Poor credit score, 300-579

•  Fair credit score, 580-669

•  Good credit score, 670-739

•  Very good credit score, 740-799

•  Exceptional credit score, 800-850.

That said, what credit score do you need to lease a car? The average credit score of people who leased cars in late 2022 was 736 — generally at the high end of the good credit score range. If you have excellent credit, the upfront costs of leasing a car might be lower than if your credit isn’t so great.

Typically, leasing a car might require the first month’s payment, a security deposit, taxes, registration, and an acquisition fee. Someone whose credit score is in the low 600s might need to put money down on the lease in addition. Keep reading to find out more about how different credit scores affect leasing a car.

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Leasing With a Credit Score Above 680

The credit score to lease a car and get favorable rates is one that’s considered a “prime” or “good” credit score, meaning between 670 and 739, or higher. Having good credit typically makes it more justifiable for lenders to approve you for the lease because it’s less of a risk to them.

Just as with any type of financing, applicants who have good credit may be offered lower interest rates on auto leases. Having an above-average credit score could give you more negotiating power over the rates and terms of the car lease.

Leasing With a Credit Score Lower Than 680

Having a lower credit score means you’ll likely have difficulty finding a company willing to lease to you or you’ll pay more to lease a car. Leasing companies may see you as a risk-based on your credit history. You might find that having a trustworthy cosigner on the lease could help you get a lower interest rate or better terms than if you’re applying on your own.

If your credit score is lower than 680, you might want to work on building it before leasing a car so you get a better deal. A good place to start is by checking your credit report which you can do for free once a year at Annual Credit Report.

It’s important to check your report for accuracy — if there are any errors, contact the credit bureau that issued the report. Factors that affect your credit score are your payment history, length of your credit history, how much you owe compared to how much available credit you have, types of credit you have, and any new applications for credit that show up on your credit report. (You’ll learn more about these below.)

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Building Your Credit Before Leasing

There are several ways to build your credit before leasing a car. Two of the most important to consider:

•  Pay down debt. This will lower your credit utilization ratio or rate, meaning the percentage of your credit limit you are using. The lower that ratio (preferably no more than 10%), the better your credit can look.

•  Pay on time. Be meticulous about paying your bills on time or even early. Just one or two late payments can cause your credit score to dip.

Can Leasing a Car Build Credit?

Any time you apply for credit, you have the opportunity to build your credit. A car lease is credit, just as a car loan would be credit.

How you manage your lease payments affects your credit report just as a loan would. Making regular, on-time monthly payments will affect your credit in a positive way. In other words, yes, leasing a car can help build your credit.

Can Leasing a Car Affect Your Credit Score?

As just mentioned, paying a car lease on time can be a positive thing. However, missing payments or being late with payments will hurt your credit and may negatively affect your credit score.

You may also see a small drop in your credit score when the lease begins because your credit report will show a new account is open. You may see a similar small drop when the lease is terminated because the account is closed. Both of these credit events — opening and closing a credit account — can affect your credit score.

If you’re shopping around at different leasing companies over the course of a few weeks and apply for leases at those places, there will be inquiries into your credit history by the leasing companies. However, those multiple inquiries may show up as just one query on your credit report and minimally affect your credit score.

Recommended: Should You Buy a New or Used Car?

5 Things That Impact Your Credit Score

Here are factors that can influence your score:

1. Your Payment History

The single biggest factor in your credit score is your payment history, which can boil down to making payments on time, month after month. That can help build your credit score. Paying late or not at all can trigger your score to drop.

2. The Amount Owed

It can reflect positively on your credit score if you have a low credit utilization rate or ratio. This means that you are using little of your credit limit. Using 10% or less of your credit limit can benefit your score; using 30% or more can have a negative impact.

3. The Length of Your Credit History

Having a longer credit history and having managed lines of credit well for years can benefit your credit score. It shows that you can successfully borrow and pay back money.

4. Your Credit Mix

Having more than one kind of credit account can show that you manage borrowed funds well. For instance, it could be helpful if you have handled both installment debt (student loans and car loans are examples of this) and revolving accounts (such as credit cards) well.

5. New Credit

If you apply for a number of new lines of credit and have what are known as hard credit pulls vs. soft pulls done as part of this, your credit score could suffer. It can look as if you are applying for new debt and could then wind up financially overextended.

The Takeaway

It’s important you know your credit score to lease a car before you go car shopping. Checking your credit reports in advance will uncover any surprises before you’re at the dealership. Knowing your credit score and working to build it as much as possible before applying for a car lease may help you save money on your car lease and give you more negotiating power.

The less you have to spend on interest and fees, the farther your money can go while leasing. Successfully managing leases, loans, and credit in general is part of good financial habits. Having the right banking partner can also enhance how well you handle your cash.

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FAQ

Can you lease a car with a 600 credit score?

You may wonder what does your credit score have to be to lease a car. While it’s not impossible to lease a car with a 600 credit score, it will likely take more time and energy to find an offer. You will also probably pay a higher interest rate than those with a higher credit score (680+), meaning you will pay more over the long term.

Does leasing a car hurt your credit?

When you apply for a car lease and the leasing company pulls your credit file, you may see a dip in your credit score in the short term. After that, whether the lease hurts your credit depends on how well you manage the account. If you pay late or miss payments, your credit score could suffer.

Is it better to lease or finance a car?

Whether it’s better to lease or finance a car will depend on your particular financial situation and aspirations. When you finance a car, you can eventually own it outright. It’s similar to buying a home with a mortgage. Leasing, on the other hand, is similar to renting. You never own the car or have it as an asset, but then again, you might like “trading up” every few years.

Photo credit: iStock/dusanpetkovic


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Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .

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What Is an IPO Roadshow?

What Is an IPO Roadshow?

Before a company can sell its shares on an exchange, it first needs to go through the Initial Public Offering (IPO) process. One of the most critical steps in this process is the IPO roadshow, in which the company pitches itself to potential investors.

A roadshow presentation can take place in-person, with meetings in cities across the country, or the company can offer an online event instead. Either way, the goal is the same: to generate interest in the company that will encourage investors to buy in.

Key Points

•   An IPO roadshow is a series of meetings or presentations in which key members of a private company pitch the initial public offering to prospective investors.

•   Digital roadshows have become increasingly popular and offer an advantage of increased efficiency compared to traditional roadshows.

•   The purpose of an IPO roadshow is to generate interest in a company among prospective investors in order to raise capital.

•   Virtual IPO roadshow presentations have the potential to reach a broader audience, rather than being limited to a handful of cities.

•   Buying IPO stock can help diversify an investment portfolio, but is typically high risk and requires due diligence.

What Is a Roadshow?

In general, a roadshow is a series of meetings or presentations in which key members of a private company, usually executives, pitch the initial public offering, or IPO, to prospective investors. Effectively, the company is taking its branding message on the road to meet with investors in different cities, hence the name.

The IPO roadshow presentation is an important part of the IPO process in which a company sells new shares to the public for the first time. Whether a company’s IPO succeeds or not can hinge on interest generated among investors before the stock makes its debut on an exchange.

There are also some cases where company executives will embark on a road show to meet with investors to talk about their company, even if they’re not planning an IPO.

💡 Quick Tip: IPO stocks can get a lot of media hype. But savvy investors know that where there’s buzz there can also be higher-than-warranted valuations. IPO shares might spike or plunge (or both), so investing in IPOs may not be suitable for investors with short time horizons.

How Roadshows Work

Typically, the roadshow is the third step in the IPO process, following the selection of an underwriter to oversee the process and the completion of due diligence. At this point, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) reviews all of the documents submitted in connection with the IPO, while the company and the underwriting team get ready for the roadshow.

The underwriters and executives taking part in the IPO roadshow work together to decide which cities to visit, which investors to target, and which information to include in the roadshow presentation.

A typical IPO roadshow presentation highlights the most important information the company wants investors to know, including:

•   The company’s history and its plans regarding the IPO

•   Details about the top executives

•   The current vision and mission statement

•   Financial performance and earnings history

•   Future sales projections and anticipated growth

•   IPO goals

A roadshow IPO presentation may include digital media, such as videos or a slideshow. Investors have a chance to ask questions during a Q&A session following the presentation.

The roadshow tour for an IPO can last anywhere for two to four weeks, depending on how many stops the company makes along the way.

New Digital Roadshows

Virtual roadshows have become an increasingly popular alternative to the traditional IPO roadshow. The pandemic forced companies to rethink the way they meet with investors, resulting in a growing number of roadshows taking place online only.

Digital roadshows mean companies forgo a chance to meet with prospective investors face-to-face, but they offer an advantage in terms of increased efficiency. Company executives and underwriters save money and time, since they’re not traveling. Virtual IPO roadshow presentations also have the potential to reach a broader audience, rather than being limited to just a handful of cities.

If a company schedules multiple presentations in a single day, using a virtual format, they can complete the roadshow move through the IPO process more quickly. This could make it easier to determine the price of an IPO if there’s less opportunity for pricing to be affected by volatility. Pricing the IPO typically happens at the conclusion of the road show.


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Importance of Roadshows

The IPO roadshow presentation is an opportunity for a company to convince investors that buying stock in their company is a good investment opportunity. The main purpose of an IPO is generally to raise capital and companies can’t do that without interest from investors.

IPO stocks are considered high-risk investments, and while some companies may present an opportunity for growth, there are no guarantees. Like investing in any other type of stock, it’s essential for investors to do their due diligence. While individual investors aren’t included in the IPO roadshow process, they can follow the coverage, to understand new details that might emerge about the company.

Pros and Cons of a Roadshow

If the company goes public and no one buys its shares, then the IPO ends up being a flop, which can affect the company’s success in the near and long term. If the company experiences an IPO pop, in which its price goes much higher than its initial offering price, it could be a sign that underwriters mispriced the stock.

A roadshow is also important for helping determine how to price the company’s stock when the IPO launches. If the roadshow ends up being a smashing success, for example, that can cause the underwriters to adjust their expectations for the stock’s IPO price.

On the other hand, if the roadshow doesn’t seem to be generating much buzz around the company at all, that could cause the price to be adjusted downward.

In a worst-case scenario, the company may decide to pull the plug on the IPO altogether or to go a different route, such as a private IPO placement.

The Takeaway

The IPO roadshow presents an opportunity for a new company to convince investors to invest in their organization. The main purpose of an IPO is to raise capital and companies can’t do that without interest from investors.

The underwriters and executives taking part in the IPO roadshow work together to decide which cities to visit, which investors to target, and which information to include in the roadshow presentation.

While individual investors typically don’t have access to roadshows, eligible investors may still participate in IPO trading. Buying IPO stock can help you to diversify your investment portfolio, and may present growth opportunities — but IPO shares are typically high risk. The key is doing your research to find the right companies to invest in as they go public.

Whether you’re curious about exploring IPOs, or interested in traditional stocks and exchange-traded funds (ETFs), you can get started by opening an account on the SoFi Invest® brokerage platform. On SoFi Invest, eligible SoFi members have the opportunity to trade IPO shares, and there are no account minimums for those with an Active Investing account. As with any investment, it's wise to consider your overall portfolio goals in order to assess whether IPO investing is right for you, given the risks of volatility and loss.

Invest with as little as $5 with a SoFi Active Investing account.

FAQ

What is the purpose of a roadshow?

The purpose of an IPO roadshow is to generate interest in a company among prospective investors. The company executives and underwriting can meet with investors in-person or virtually to share details about the IPO, the company’s financials and its goals.

How long after the roadshow is the IPO?

The IPO can take place as little as two weeks after the roadshow is completed. The actual timing depends on a number of factors, including whether the underwriters determine that a price adjustment is needed or if any snags come up involving the filing of key documents.

Are IPO roadshows public?

The IPO roadshow process typically focuses on institutional investors, rather than retail investors. So the roadshow presentations have traditionally been private affairs. But with more companies opting to host virtual roadshows, there’s potential for the general public to be able to view IPO presentations online.


Photo credit: iStock/FreshSplash

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1) Automated Investing and advisory services are provided by SoFi Wealth LLC, an SEC-registered investment adviser (“SoFi Wealth“). Brokerage services are provided to SoFi Wealth LLC by SoFi Securities LLC.
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Investing in an Initial Public Offering (IPO) involves substantial risk, including the risk of loss. Further, there are a variety of risk factors to consider when investing in an IPO, including but not limited to, unproven management, significant debt, and lack of operating history. For a comprehensive discussion of these risks please refer to SoFi Securities’ IPO Risk Disclosure Statement. IPOs offered through SoFi Securities are not a recommendation and investors should carefully read the offering prospectus to determine whether an offering is consistent with their investment objectives, risk tolerance, and financial situation.

New offerings generally have high demand and there are a limited number of shares available for distribution to participants. Many customers may not be allocated shares and share allocations may be significantly smaller than the shares requested in the customer’s initial offer (Indication of Interest). For SoFi’s allocation procedures please refer to IPO Allocation Procedures.


Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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Testing the Waters: What It Means in an IPO

Testing the Waters: What It Means in an IPO

Testing the waters in the initial public offering (IPO) process allows companies and related parties that are looking at going public to gauge how successful their prospective IPO would be — without going through the actual process of going public.

The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) voted in 2019 to adopt a new rule to allow companies interested in going public to test the waters (TTW). Specifically, the SEC formally rolled out Rule 163B under the Securities Act on December 3, 2019.

The IPO process can be long, costly, and risky for some companies, and thus some companies can be reluctant to try going public. But the ability to test the waters by communicating with potential investors, gauging their interest, and examining how an IPO would be received, is valuable before having to go all-in on a public offering.

Key Points

•   Testing the Waters (TTW) is an SEC rule that allows companies to gauge the success of a prospective IPO without going through the actual process.

•   The JOBS Act of 2012 allowed small businesses to communicate with Qualified Institutional Buyers (QIBs) and Institutional Accredited Investors (IAIs).

•   Testing the Waters allows companies to assess investor interest, explain the direction of the company, and strengthen areas of weakness.

•   The expanded rule for all issuers allows for greater transparency and communication between IPO-hopeful and the markets, as well as investors.

•   Investors have access to additional information about a company’s expected IPO and more time to decide whether to invest.

Testing the Waters During the IPO Process

Starting in 2012, testing the waters was available only for emerging growth companies, also known as EGCs. In 2019, testing the waters was extended to all issuers to increase the chance of a company successfully completing an initial public offering (IPO), and to encourage issuers to enter the public equity markets.

So, what does testing the waters mean, and how does it work? In effect, testing the waters is a way for issuers to dip their toes in the water, so to speak, and gauge the temperature before fully jumping into the IPO process.

When the new SEC rule was proposed and adopted in September 2019, Chairman Jay Clayton said, “Investors and companies alike will benefit from test-the-waters communications, including increasing the likelihood of successful public securities offerings.”

Details of the TTW rule

The TTW rule allows issuers to assess market interest in a possible IPO (or other registered securities offering) by being able to discuss the IPO with certain institutional investors before, or after, the filing of a registration statement.

Generally, issuers set up TWW meetings with investors after the issuer has filed with the SEC. They could potentially speak with specific issuers before filing with the SEC, but issuers typically want to align on the first round of SEC comments and then have a clear direction when speaking with potential investors.

Example of Testing the Waters

In late spring of 2022, a tech company that created a platform for grocery delivery, decided to test the waters for a potential IPO.

There were good reasons for the company to be cautious. The market had seen a steep drop since the beginning of the year, and investors had largely cooled on tech stocks, with IPOs taking a noticeable hit year-over-year.

Thanks to taking this step, the company was projected to IPO by the end of 2022, using the interim period to adjust their valuation and their path forward, given the competition in the space.

To sum it up, testing the waters allows companies to see what investors say, answer questions, and potentially identify areas of weakness that could be strengthened.

💡 Quick Tip: Access to IPO shares before they trade on public exchanges has usually been available only to large institutional investors. That’s changing now, and some brokerages offer pre-listing IPO investing to qualified investors.

Purpose of Testing the Waters

Testing the waters has two chief aims: The first is communicating with potential investors to explain the direction of the company and gathering their feedback. The second is to evaluate the market before having to invest large sums in an actual IPO.


💡Quick Tip: How do you decide if a certain trading platform or app is right for you? Ideally, the investment platform you choose offers the features that you need for your investment goals or strategy, e.g., an easy-to-use interface, data analysis, educational tools.

Communication with Potential Investors

In addition to giving issuers a chance to see whether their offering will be successful, TWW allows companies to communicate highly specific information.

Some industries call for greater detail of information from investors, which makes testing the waters ever more critical.

For example, in the life sciences industry, testing the waters is popular because issuers tend to have a shorter operating history and also need to communicate detailed scientific information to their potential investors. For these types of industries and issuers, testing the waters is highly beneficial.

Cost-Effective Market Evaluation

Testing the waters allows issuers to determine whether it makes sense for them to devote the time and resources to filing an IPO. Before the TWW rule, many companies avoided the IPO process because of the cost and not having clarity around investor demand.

Testing the waters takes away some of those risks and provides more information as a company enters the IPO. In a sense, it allows for a company to evaluate the market, and for the market, in turn, to evaluate the company exploring an IPO.

What the JOBS Act Meant for Testing the Waters

In 2012, Congress under President Obama passed the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act (also known as the JOBS Act) to revitalize the small business sector. The JOBS Act, which created Section 5(d) of the Securities Act, made it easier for small businesses, also known as emerging growth companies or EGCs, to gain access to funding. It removed certain barriers to capital and reduced regulation.

The enactment of the JOBS Act also allowed small businesses to communicate with potential investors — qualified institutional buyers (also known as QIBs) and institutional accredited investors (or IAIs). By communicating with potential investors before or after filing a registration statement, EGCs were given the ability to get a sense for interest in a potential offering.

With the expansion of that rule in 2019 to include all issuers, not just EGCs, more opportunity opened up for a range of businesses.

What Does This Mean for Investors?

While it makes good business sense to expand regulations and allow all businesses considering an IPO to test the waters, just what does this all mean for the average retail investor?

First, the expanded test-the-waters rule for all issuers allows companies more flexibility when determining whether to move forward with an IPO. So for investors, the expanded rule means that they have access to communication from issuers regarding upcoming IPOs. They also have more time to determine whether it’s the right investment for them.

This can be valuable for retail investors, who may benefit from having additional information about a company’s expected IPO. Investing in IPO stock can be highly risky, as IPO shares are typically quite volatile.

In short: Testing the waters gives more flexibility to both issuers and investors.

Investing in IPO Stocks

IPOs have been popular among investors and certain IPOs can generate excitement in the investor community. Prices on the day of an IPO and immediately afterward tend to produce volatile price movements, which can produce large gains or losses. Luckily, the 2019 SEC rule that allows any company to test the waters before committing to the IPO process is a boon to businesses as well as investors.

TTW, as the rule is known, allows for greater transparency and communication between the IPO-hopeful and the markets, as well as investors, prior to the full-blown IPO process. This enables companies to adjust their strategy for the IPO, and it allows investors to assess whether they want to invest.

Whether you’re curious about exploring IPOs, or interested in traditional stocks and exchange-traded funds (ETFs), you can get started by opening an account on the SoFi Invest® brokerage platform. On SoFi Invest, eligible SoFi members have the opportunity to trade IPO shares, and there are no account minimums for those with an Active Investing account. As with any investment, it's wise to consider your overall portfolio goals in order to assess whether IPO investing is right for you, given the risks of volatility and loss.


Invest with as little as $5 with a SoFi Active Investing account.

FAQ

Is testing the waters an offer?

No, testing the waters is not an offer. Testing the waters in the IPO process allows issuers, which are corporations, investment trusts, etc., to gauge interest and investor demand for a potential IPO without actually having to go public.

What is the post-IPO quiet period?

The quiet period is a set amount of time when the company cannot share promotional publicity, forecasting, or expressing opinions about the value of the company. In an IPO, the quiet period begins when a company files registration with U.S. regulators for 25 days after the stock starts trading — and sometimes longer.

What is an analyst day in an IPO?

When planning to go public, the issuer or company meets with syndicate analysts who do not work for the issuer or the company going public. This type of meeting, also called an “analyst day,” is important because analysts create their own opinion about the issuer. They then help educate the market about the company once the transaction has launched.


Photo credit: iStock/LumiNola

SoFi Invest®

INVESTMENTS ARE NOT FDIC INSURED • ARE NOT BANK GUARANTEED • MAY LOSE VALUE

SoFi Invest encompasses two distinct companies, with various products and services offered to investors as described below: Individual customer accounts may be subject to the terms applicable to one or more of these platforms.
1) Automated Investing and advisory services are provided by SoFi Wealth LLC, an SEC-registered investment adviser (“SoFi Wealth“). Brokerage services are provided to SoFi Wealth LLC by SoFi Securities LLC.
2) Active Investing and brokerage services are provided by SoFi Securities LLC, Member FINRA (www.finra.org)/SIPC(www.sipc.org). Clearing and custody of all securities are provided by APEX Clearing Corporation.
For additional disclosures related to the SoFi Invest platforms described above please visit SoFi.com/legal.
Neither the Investment Advisor Representatives of SoFi Wealth, nor the Registered Representatives of SoFi Securities are compensated for the sale of any product or service sold through any SoFi Invest platform.

Investing in an Initial Public Offering (IPO) involves substantial risk, including the risk of loss. Further, there are a variety of risk factors to consider when investing in an IPO, including but not limited to, unproven management, significant debt, and lack of operating history. For a comprehensive discussion of these risks please refer to SoFi Securities’ IPO Risk Disclosure Statement. IPOs offered through SoFi Securities are not a recommendation and investors should carefully read the offering prospectus to determine whether an offering is consistent with their investment objectives, risk tolerance, and financial situation.

New offerings generally have high demand and there are a limited number of shares available for distribution to participants. Many customers may not be allocated shares and share allocations may be significantly smaller than the shares requested in the customer’s initial offer (Indication of Interest). For SoFi’s allocation procedures please refer to IPO Allocation Procedures.


Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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Going Public vs. Being Acquired

IPO vs Acquisition: Advantages and Disadvantages

An IPO is an initial public offering, when a company makes its shares available for public trading, and it’s quite different from an acquisition. IPOs are synonymous with entering the public market, while an acquisition is typically when a larger company takes over a smaller target company.

What does IPO mean vs. an acquisition for investors? When a company applies for an IPO, it enters into the traditional process to be listed on a public exchange and get funding. In an acquisition, or takeover, the target company may not survive — or it may thrive, but only as part of the newly combined organization.

Investors contemplating companies at these two different stages would do well to think through the benefits and risks.

Key Points

•   IPOs, or Initial Public Offerings, allow private companies to offer shares to the public to raise capital and enhance visibility.

•   An acquisition occurs when one company buys a significant part, or all, of another company, taking control over its assets and operations.

•   IPOs involve going public to raise funds and gain publicity, while acquisitions entail one company taking over another, potentially merging their resources and strategies.

•   IPOs can provide substantial funds and publicity but involve high costs, stringent regulations, and expose companies to market volatility.

•   Acquisitions can foster growth and innovation but may lead to conflicting priorities, strained partnerships, and brand reputation risks.

How IPOs Work

When companies go public, that’s when a private company decides to sell its shares to investors, to raise capital to fund growth opportunities for the company; create more awareness about the company; or to acquire other businesses, among many other possible reasons.

The IPO is the process of selling securities to the public. The company decides how many shares it wants to offer. The price of the company shares are determined by the company’s valuation and the number of shares at listing, and the funds raised by the IPO are considered IPO proceeds.

Once the IPO is approved, the company is then listed on a public stock exchange where qualified investors can buy shares of the IPO stock. Because IPO stock is highly volatile, it can be risky for retail investors to plunge into IPO investing, so doing the usual due diligence for investing in any type of security is wise.

💡 Quick Tip: IPO stocks can get a lot of media hype. But savvy investors know that where there’s buzz there can also be higher-than-warranted valuations. IPO shares might spike or plunge (or both), so investing in IPOs may not be suitable for investors with short time horizons.

Advantages of Going Public

What are the advantages of going public? There can be many, which is why companies aspire to go through what can be an arduous, time-consuming, and expensive process.

Capital for Investment

The biggest advantage associated with an IPO is fundraising. Once investors start buying IPO stocks, the proceeds from an IPO can be substantial. The company then takes this capital and typically uses it toward internal investments and expansion.

The company can use the funds it raises for research and development, to hire more staff, or expand its operations in other states or countries. There are a variety of ways this new capital can be deployed to benefit the company.

Publicity

In some cases, IPOs generate publicity. This, in turn, can drive more attention to the company and make investors interested in purchasing shares of its stock. IPOs are frequently covered in business news, which adds to the IPO buzz.

However, if there is too much hype, that can contribute to high expectations for the stock, which can also create volatility after the IPO.

Valuation

Some companies that go public can end up having higher valuations. Certainly, that is a hoped-for result of the IPO process. Because the public company has access to more capital and steadily grows its business, the shares of the company can increase in price over time, but they can also lose value — a common occurrence.

Disadvantages of Going Public

What are the disadvantages of going public? There are a series of steps and regulations companies must adhere to in order to have a successful IPO — and the process can be time consuming and difficult.

High Cost

The first factor a company must consider is cost. The company needs to work with an investment bank, which will charge underwriting fees — one of the largest costs associated with an IPO.

Underwriting is mandatory to review the company’s business, management, and overall operations. Legal counsel is also required to help guide the company through the IPO. There are also costs associated with account and financial reporting. Companies will also accrue fees for applying to be listed on the exchange.

Not Enough Information for Investors

From an investor’s perspective, investing in an IPO can also be a challenge. In many cases, individual investors don’t have enough information or historical data on the company’s performance to make a determination on whether an IPO is a sound investment.


💡 Quick Tip: The best stock trading app? That’s a personal preference, of course. Generally speaking, though, a great app is one with an intuitive interface and powerful features to help make trades quickly and easily.

Stock Market Stress

Once a company goes public, it is now part of the public market. This means it is subject to scrutiny, market volatility, and investor sentiment. Every move and decision the company makes, such as a corporate restructuring, merger and acquisition, change in leadership, or release of earnings reports, will be reviewed closely by industry analysts and investors, who will provide their own opinions on whether the company is operating well or not.

While the company’s leadership may not have had to worry about these aspects when it was private, a public company needs to keep these market pressures top of mind.

What Is an Acquisition?

What does it mean for a company to be acquired? Similar to a merger, an acquisition is when one company buys a portion or the whole of another company and all its assets. An acquisition is the process of the acquiring company taking full control of the target company.

If the acquiring company takes more than 50% of the target firm’s shares, this gives the acquiring company control over decision making regarding the target company’s assets. While acquisitions of well-known and larger companies occur and are covered by the news, companies of any size can be the acquiring company or target company.

Advantages of Being Acquired

Being acquired doesn’t have to signal the end of a company — sometimes it can be a lifeline.

Growth

An acquisition can be a strategy for a company to grow into new markets and quickly become a leader in its industry. If the company is working in a competitive landscape, an acquisition helps increase its value and can add to a company gaining more market strength.

Innovation

When one company acquires another, this allows resources and experiences to come together. This may enable the new company to innovate new ideas and strategies that may eventually help grow the company’s earnings. This new partnership can bring together a new team of specialists and experts that can allow the company to develop and reach its goals.

More Capital

When an acquisition occurs, this will increase the cash holdings and assets of the acquiring company and usually allows for more investment in the newly formed company.

Disadvantages of Being Acquired

It’s hard to avoid the negative implications of an acquisition, and investors need to consider these as well.

Conflicting Priorities

In some acquisition scenarios, there may be competing priorities between the two companies that come together. The acquiring company and target company prior to the acquisition were used to working as individual entities. Now, as a newly formed company, both sides must work together to be successful, which is easier said than done. If there isn’t alignment on the goals of the organization as a whole, then there is a possibility that the acquisition may fail, or the transition could be rocky and prolonged.

Pressure on Existing Partnerships

When an acquisition occurs, the newly formed company becomes bigger and it is likely that their goals will grow as well. In the case where the company wants to develop more products to expand into new markets, this could require their suppliers to figure out how they are going to ramp up production to meet the demand.

For example, this could mean the supplier would need more capital to hire staff or purchase additional equipment and supplies to prevent production issues.

Brand Risk

Depending on which companies come together, if one has a poor reputation in their industry, the acquisition could put the other company’s brand at risk. In this case, both of the companies’ identities could be evaluated to decide whether they come together under one brand or are marketed as separate brands.

The Takeaway

Initial public offerings (IPOs) and acquisitions often get a lot of media and investor attention because they can offer opportunities for investors. That said, these two events are quite different.

An IPO is when a private company decides to go public and sell its shares to investors, whereas an acquisition is when a company buys out another, target company. In this case the acquiring company may gain certain market advantages, and the target company will typically lose its decision-making privileges since it is no longer an individual company.

There are a number of pros and cons to IPOs, just as there are advantages and disadvantages to a company being acquired. IPOs can provide a newly minted public company with a lot of growth opportunities — but the IPO process is expensive and time consuming, and being beholden to regulators and investor sentiment is never a picnic.

Acquisitions can be a lifeline to a company that’s struggling in a competitive market. While the takeover can effectively eliminate the target company as an independent entity, its products or brand may continue to exist.

Whether you’re curious about exploring IPOs, or interested in traditional stocks and exchange-traded funds (ETFs), you can get started by opening an account on the SoFi Invest® brokerage platform. On SoFi Invest, eligible SoFi members have the opportunity to trade IPO shares, and there are no account minimums for those with an Active Investing account. As with any investment, it's wise to consider your overall portfolio goals in order to assess whether IPO investing is right for you, given the risks of volatility and loss.

Invest with as little as $5 with a SoFi Active Investing account.

FAQ

Is an acquisition an IPO?

An acquisition is not an IPO. An acquisition is when an acquiring company purchases part of or all of a target company to form one new company.

What is the difference between an IPO and a takeover?

An IPO is when a private company decides to go public and sell its shares to individual investors, whereas a takeover is when a company buys out another company.

Is a takeover the same as an acquisition?

An acquisition can be a takeover. This is when two companies decide to come together and become one entity. All the assets of both companies are now part of a newly formed combined company.


Photo credit: iStock/Yuri_Arcurs

SoFi Invest®

INVESTMENTS ARE NOT FDIC INSURED • ARE NOT BANK GUARANTEED • MAY LOSE VALUE

SoFi Invest encompasses two distinct companies, with various products and services offered to investors as described below: Individual customer accounts may be subject to the terms applicable to one or more of these platforms.
1) Automated Investing and advisory services are provided by SoFi Wealth LLC, an SEC-registered investment adviser (“SoFi Wealth“). Brokerage services are provided to SoFi Wealth LLC by SoFi Securities LLC.
2) Active Investing and brokerage services are provided by SoFi Securities LLC, Member FINRA (www.finra.org)/SIPC(www.sipc.org). Clearing and custody of all securities are provided by APEX Clearing Corporation.
For additional disclosures related to the SoFi Invest platforms described above please visit SoFi.com/legal.
Neither the Investment Advisor Representatives of SoFi Wealth, nor the Registered Representatives of SoFi Securities are compensated for the sale of any product or service sold through any SoFi Invest platform.

Investing in an Initial Public Offering (IPO) involves substantial risk, including the risk of loss. Further, there are a variety of risk factors to consider when investing in an IPO, including but not limited to, unproven management, significant debt, and lack of operating history. For a comprehensive discussion of these risks please refer to SoFi Securities’ IPO Risk Disclosure Statement. IPOs offered through SoFi Securities are not a recommendation and investors should carefully read the offering prospectus to determine whether an offering is consistent with their investment objectives, risk tolerance, and financial situation.

New offerings generally have high demand and there are a limited number of shares available for distribution to participants. Many customers may not be allocated shares and share allocations may be significantly smaller than the shares requested in the customer’s initial offer (Indication of Interest). For SoFi’s allocation procedures please refer to IPO Allocation Procedures.


Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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Shorting an IPO: When Can You Do It?

Shorting an IPO: When Can You Do It?

IPO stocks can be sold short once they are trading on public markets, known as the secondary market.

While traders can sell short IPO shares, investors allocated IPO shares may have to wait for a lock-up period to expire before they can sell.

Selling short an IPO on the listing day also has extra challenges you should know about. This article will cover how it works, when to do it, and any possible complications you might encounter in the process.

Key Points

•   It’s possible to short an IPO once it starts trading on the public market, with some limitations.

•   IPO stocks are heavily regulated and it can be difficult to borrow the shares needed to do a short sale.

•   Investors should do their due diligence before investing in any kind of stock, as there are no guarantees.

Can You Short an IPO?

IPO stocks can be sold short once they are trading on public markets, known as the secondary market. Shorting IPO shares on the listing day can be done, though there are some challenges.

Shorting a Stock

Shorting a stock is a strategy traders use to profit from a decline in the price of a stock. Any stock available for trading can be shorted. It is risky considering that the stock price can only go to zero — in which case a profit of 100% is realized (not including taxes and commissions). The risk is that the stock price increases. There is no theoretical limit to how high a share price can go.

A short sale happens when you borrow a stock and repay it in the future. The goal is to see the stock drop in value. When you sell short, you buy the shares, immediately sell them, then buy them back later. You want to buy the shares back at a price less than at which you lent them.

There is a fee for borrowing when selling shares short. That cost can be as low as 0.3% (on an annualized basis) for stocks with very little short interest, but it can soar to 30% for hot stocks with extremely high short interest. You might also be required to post collateral to sell short.

For example, let’s say you want to sell short shares of XYZ stock that currently trade at $100 per share. You enter an order to sell short the shares and you receive $100 per share. A month later, the stock price has dropped to $80, and you decide to close your short position by repurchasing the shares in the market. You buy back the shares for $80. Your profit on those stocks is $100 – $80 = $20.


💡 Quick Tip: Investment fees are assessed in different ways, including trading costs, account management fees, and possibly broker commissions. When you set up an investment account, be sure to get the exact breakdown of your “all-in costs” so you know what you’re paying.

Challenges of Shorting an IPO

While shorting an IPO on listing day is allowed, there are practical limitations that could make it difficult.

A critical facet to shorting IPO shares is being able to borrow the shares from a brokerage firm. A broker needs an inventory of stock from which to lend and a company often only takes a small part of the company public, which can limit shorting opportunities. On IPO day, the two primary entities holding an inventory of shares are the underwriting banks and investors (both institutional and retail).

The IPO underwriters cannot lend shares for short sale for 30 days, per U.S. SEC rules. Investors can lend out their shares to investors seeking to short the IPO stock. That said, some shareholders might be unwilling to lend their shares.

IPO stocks are considered high-risk investments, and while some companies may present an opportunity for growth, there are no guarantees. Like investing in any other type of stock, it’s essential for investors to do their due diligence.

The Takeaway

You can short an IPO once it starts trading on the public market. But it’s worth remembering that shorting carries risk and there might be a high cost to borrow shares. In addition, IPO stocks are heavily regulated, which can make it difficult to borrow the shares needed to do a short sale.

Whether you’re curious about exploring IPOs, or interested in traditional stocks and exchange-traded funds (ETFs), you can get started by opening an account on the SoFi Invest® brokerage platform. On SoFi Invest, eligible SoFi members have the opportunity to trade IPO shares, and there are no account minimums for those with an Active Investing account. As with any investment, it's wise to consider your overall portfolio goals in order to assess whether IPO investing is right for you, given the risks of volatility and loss.

Invest with as little as $5 with a SoFi Active Investing account.

FAQ

How soon can you short an IPO?

You can short an IPO once it begins trading on the public stock market. The IPO lock-up period typically lasts from 90 to 180 days. It is intended to prevent too many shares from flooding the market in the early days of the IPO. A high supply of shares could drive down the price of the IPO stock.

Can you sell an IPO immediately?

An investor who purchases shares on the secondary market can sell shares immediately. Investors who were allocated IPO shares have a lock-up period before they can sell. Learn more about selling an IPO.

How long until you can sell an IPO?

A company founder, a longtime employee holding company stock, or an investor allocated IPO shares must wait for the lock-up period to elapse before selling their shares. The IPO lock-up period might last anywhere from 90 to 180 days after the IPO. There might be multiple lock-up periods that end on different dates, too.


Photo credit: iStock/MarsBars

SoFi Invest®

INVESTMENTS ARE NOT FDIC INSURED • ARE NOT BANK GUARANTEED • MAY LOSE VALUE

SoFi Invest encompasses two distinct companies, with various products and services offered to investors as described below: Individual customer accounts may be subject to the terms applicable to one or more of these platforms.
1) Automated Investing and advisory services are provided by SoFi Wealth LLC, an SEC-registered investment adviser (“SoFi Wealth“). Brokerage services are provided to SoFi Wealth LLC by SoFi Securities LLC.
2) Active Investing and brokerage services are provided by SoFi Securities LLC, Member FINRA (www.finra.org)/SIPC(www.sipc.org). Clearing and custody of all securities are provided by APEX Clearing Corporation.
For additional disclosures related to the SoFi Invest platforms described above please visit SoFi.com/legal.
Neither the Investment Advisor Representatives of SoFi Wealth, nor the Registered Representatives of SoFi Securities are compensated for the sale of any product or service sold through any SoFi Invest platform.

Investing in an Initial Public Offering (IPO) involves substantial risk, including the risk of loss. Further, there are a variety of risk factors to consider when investing in an IPO, including but not limited to, unproven management, significant debt, and lack of operating history. For a comprehensive discussion of these risks please refer to SoFi Securities’ IPO Risk Disclosure Statement. IPOs offered through SoFi Securities are not a recommendation and investors should carefully read the offering prospectus to determine whether an offering is consistent with their investment objectives, risk tolerance, and financial situation.

New offerings generally have high demand and there are a limited number of shares available for distribution to participants. Many customers may not be allocated shares and share allocations may be significantly smaller than the shares requested in the customer’s initial offer (Indication of Interest). For SoFi’s allocation procedures please refer to IPO Allocation Procedures.


Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

SOIN0623077

Read more
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