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Canceling a credit card might seem like a good idea if you’re trying to get debt under control or you want to consolidate your cards. But closing a credit account may do more harm than good and damage your credit standing. Before you take action, here’s what you need to know — and other strategies you may want to consider instead.

Understanding the Impact of Credit Utilization Ratio

In order to understand why canceling a credit card can hurt your credit score, you need to know about something called the credit utilization ratio. This is the ratio of your total credit to your total debt.

Another way to think of it is how much of your available credit you’re using. For instance, if you have two credit cards with a total line of credit of $20,000 and you use $5,000 of that, you have a credit card utilization ratio of 25%. In addition to credit cards, your credit utilization ratio can include things like loans, such as a mortgage, car loan, and personal loan.

Your credit utilization ratio directly affects your credit score. In fact, it accounts for 30% of your FICO score. Your credit utilization ratio is the second-most important factor in your credit score (payment history is number one). Ideally, lenders like to see a person’s credit utilization ratio below 30%.

When you cancel a credit card, you reduce your available credit. This can cause your credit utilization ratio to jump up — especially if you owe money on other credit cards — and can negatively impact your credit score.

Reasons to Cancel a Credit Card

There are several factors that may be motivating you to want to cancel a credit card, including:

•   Too much debt. Perhaps having the card on hand is causing you to overspend and take on even more debt. If canceling the card will help you manage your finances better and get your debt under control, it can be a good option.

•   A high annual fee. If the card’s fee is high and you aren’t taking advantage of any of the perks like travel rewards to offset it, you may want to find a card that’s a better fit.

•   Too many cards. If multiple credit cards are causing you to stress out and miss payments, fewer cards might help lighten the load. (A budget planner app can help you spot upcoming bills and manage bill paying.)

How to Cancel a Credit Card

If, after considering the pros and cons, you’ve decided to go ahead and cancel the credit card, here’s how to do it:

1.    Pay off the remaining balance on the card, or transfer the balance to another credit card.

2.    Contact the credit card company, preferably by phone. Some credit card companies allow customers to cancel online, but most will require a call. Keep in mind the company wants to hold onto customers, which could mean that they will try to entice you with offers or deals. You have the right to cancel at any time.

3.    Consider sending written confirmation to make things official. Send a letter to the credit card company informing them that you have canceled the same credit card account. Post it via certified mail to ensure the company receives the letter with confirmed receipt.

4.    Cut up the card. Shredding or destroying the card helps prevent fraud.

5.    Look at credit reports for changes to your credit score. The canceled account should be reflected in your credit score within several weeks. AnnualCreditReport.com offers a free copy of your credit report once a year.

Keep in mind that you can also track your credit score with a money tracker app. It helps you stay up to date with any changes that affect your score, allows you to connect all your bank accounts, and lets you monitor your spending habits and savings all in one place.

Can Closing a Credit Card Impact Your Credit History?

Closing a credit card can affect the length of your credit history. That’s important because credit history is one of the factors used to help determine your credit score. In general, creditors want to know that you’ve had credit accounts over a period of time, so the longer the relationship, the better.

Recommended: 10 Credit Card Rules You Should Know

How to Downgrade Your Credit Card

If you’re considering canceling your credit card because of high fees or a high interest rate, you might want to downgrade the card instead. By downgrading, you can swap your current credit card for one with a lower fee or lower interest rate.

Downgrading can provide some of the benefits of canceling the card without the negative impact of closing the account.

If downgrading sounds like a good option for you, these strategies can help:

•   Research the credit card issuer. Do they have cards with a low or no annual fee? It may be worth switching to credit card issuers with one of those.

•   Call the credit card company and ask for a downgrade. They may offer to waive the annual fees on your existing card. Or they may downgrade you to a low-interest card with no annual fee.

•   Ask about a partial refund. Some credit card companies will provide a partial refund on the annual fee, depending on when you downgrade. Ask the customer service representative if they can prorate the annual fee or provide any refund.

How to Keep Your Credit Utilization Rate Low

Whether you downgrade a credit card or not, it’s important to improve your credit utilization rate since it counts for 30% of your FICO score. Here’s how to keep yours low.

•   Make more than one credit card payment a month. Making more than two automatic bill payments or one payment per billing cycle can benefit your credit score. That’s because credit card companies report balances towards the end of the billing cycle. Making several payments can reduce your credit utilization ratio when your balance is reported.

•   Keep credit accounts open, if possible. Keeping a card open, even if you rarely use it, increases your credit limit and helps lower your credit utilization rate.

•   Ask for an increase in credit limit. If you have a record of on-time payments, your credit card company may be willing to increase the credit limit for your account. And the more available credit you have, the better your ratio. Call customer service to make the request.

The Takeaway

Canceling a credit card can negatively impact your credit score, so make sure to consider all your options carefully. You can keep the credit account open, which can help with your credit history, and rarely use the card. Or you can downgrade to a card with a lower interest rate and no annual fee. In the end, the decision is yours, but it’s good to know you have choices.

Take control of your finances with SoFi. With our financial insights and credit score monitoring tools, you can view all of your accounts in one convenient dashboard. From there, you can see your various balances, spending breakdowns, and credit score. Plus you can easily set up budgets and discover valuable financial insights — all at no cost.

FAQ

How do I close a credit card without affecting my credit score?

Closing a credit card is likely to have a negative impact on your credit score. Downgrading to a card with a lower interest rate and no annual fee may be a better option.

Is it better to cancel unused credit cards or keep them?

If the credit card has a low interest rate and no annual fee, it can be better for your credit score and your credit history to keep the card.

Does canceling a credit card hurt your credit?

Canceling a credit card can hurt your credit score. However, practicing other good credit habits, like paying your bills on time, can help you gradually get back in good standing.

Photo credit: iStock/Doucefleur

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When a check is altered (typically the payment amount or recipient name), it constitutes a form of check fraud and can be financially damaging to its victims. Learn more about this situation, as well as tips for how to spot an altered check.

What Is an Altered Check?

An altered check is a paper check that was altered by someone other than the check writer, which can be a kind of bank fraud. Essentially, it occurs when someone writes a check and another person changes the amount on the check (usually by adding an extra zero at the end of the check amount or by changing the payee’s name) in order to commit fraud.

The payer or payee who was defrauded needs to report this fraud within a year to help ensure the loss will be covered. If a bank has reason to believe a check has been altered fraudulently, it can legally refuse to cash it.

The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) advises not leaving large spaces in the number and amount lines when writing a check to help avoid fraudulent alterations from occurring.

Altered checks are one of the most common types of check fraud. Other types include forgeries and counterfeit checks.
Who is liable when a bank finds an altered check? According to the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) — which addresses altered checks in Section 3-407 — the liability can affect multiple parties, including:

•   The check writer

•   The check cashier

•   The bank that presents the check

•   The bank that verifies and cashes the check

It’s not always easy to know when a check is good (you’ll learn more about this below). If you do find evidence of an altered check, you should ideally report the loss within 30 days, but you have to do so within one year if you want to be reimbursed for the loss.

To help soften the blow of altered check fraud, consumers can benefit greatly from examining their bank statements after they write a check to ensure the right amount is processed.

💡 Quick Tip: Want to save more, spend smarter? Let your bank manage the basics. It’s surprisingly easy, and secure, when you open an online bank account.

Example of an Altered Check

Not sure what an altered check looks like? Here’s an example of an altered check which may make it easier to spot one.

Say a check is made out to a dollar amount of $1,000. Look closely at that payment amount. Ask yourself these questions:

•   Does the last zero look like the same type of ink was used to write it and was written in the same style of handwriting?

•   Does that final zero appear to cross over a period?

It’s much more common to see an altered dollar amount than a changed name because it’s a lot easier to add a zero at the end of a series of numbers than it is to change a name completely.

However, there is a crime known as check washing in which someone can get a hold of one of your checks and use household chemicals to erase the name and amount. They can then fill in their own name and whatever amount they please.

Recommended: How to Sign Over a Check to Someone Else

Can an Altered Check be Cashed?

It is possible to cash an altered check, but fortunately it’s fairly difficult to pull off these days, thanks to advanced security efforts. Banks use high-tech watermarks and other authentication and fraud detection methods to make it very hard to cash altered checks.

One of the reasons that banks take fraud detection so seriously is because the liability can fall on the bank if they fund an altered check.

Is It Illegal to Alter a Check?

It is illegal to alter a check and if the amount of the check is more than $1,000, altering it is considered a felony. For altered checks of less than $1,000, this crime would be prosecuted as a misdemeanor. All jurisdictions have differing penalties, and these penalties can vary depending on factors such as the check amount.

All forms of check fraud are illegal, including counterfeiting and payroll fraud.

What Types of Checks Are Typically Altered?

Here’s a closer look at the most common types of checks to be altered in addition to basic personal and business checks.

Cashier’s Checks

A cashier’s check functions similarly to personal checks. The main difference between them is that with a cashier’s check the bank or credit union that issued the check guarantees that it will cash. Despite the fact that cashier’s checks have added security features like watermarks and signatures from two bank employees, they can still fall prey to check fraud.

Traveler’s Checks

A traveler’s check is a paper document someone can use to make purchases while traveling in other countries instead of using a normal check or cash. All traveler’s checks have unique serial numbers that make it possible to get refunds if the checks are lost or stolen. It’s important to be careful when traveling as criminals look for tourists to steal from. While traveler’s checks may not be as popular as they once were, they are still used and can be altered if they fall into the wrong hands.

Recommended: Can You Deposit Traveler’s Checks in Your Bank Account?

Money Orders

Money orders can be more secure than personal checks, but they can still be altered, so it’s always a good idea to pay close attention to the details. Similar to a cashier’s check, a money order is guaranteed by the issuer of the check, but instead of a bank this can be the U.S. Postal Service or a retailer.

Tips for Banking Securely

Check out the following tips to protect yourself and your money.

Monitor All Bank Accounts

Keeping an eye on the transaction history of a checking or savings account can help consumers catch fraudulent behavior like altered checks while there’s still time to remedy the situation. It can be wise to monitor your bank account a couple or a few times a week.

Change Passwords Often

It’s a good idea to change your online banking and other passwords frequently and not to use the same password for multiple different accounts to help avoid someone stealing login information and using it to commit financial fraud. It’s also helpful to not include personal information (name, birthday, etc.) in a password and to use a mix of upper- and lower-case letters, special characters, and numbers when creating a new password.

Only Access Online Bank Accounts From Secure Locations

You shouldn’t log onto their online bank account when using shared public wifi at your favorite coffee shop or when traveling. It’s best to only ever log into important accounts when using a secure connection like at home so no one can intercept and steal account login information.

Recommended: Cashing a Check Without a Bank Account

The Takeaway

Check fraud is an unfortunate reality so it’s a good idea for consumers to keep an eye on recent bank transactions to make sure any checks they wrote were cashed for the correct amount. A fraudulent check is a check with altered information on it — such as the amount or payee information.

There are steps consumers can take to protect their financial lives when banking. For example, it’s always best to bank with a financial institution that prioritizes security, like SoFi.

Interested in opening an online bank account? When you sign up for a SoFi Checking and Savings account with direct deposit, you’ll get a competitive annual percentage yield (APY), pay zero account fees, and enjoy an array of rewards, such as access to the Allpoint Network of 55,000+ fee-free ATMs globally. Qualifying accounts can even access their paycheck up to two days early.

FAQ

How do you tell if a check is altered?

More often than not, the payment amount is the part of a check that is fraudulently altered. Check the payment amount closely to see if it looks like an extra zero was added at the end or another number was changed.

How long does a bank have to return an altered check?

If you notice an altered check, ideally you should report it to the bank within 30 days. That being said, consumers have up to one year to report the loss to their bank in order to get the amount of the check returned to them.

What happens if you deposit a fake check without knowing it?

If you deposit a fake check without realizing you are doing so, there’s a possibility you may be liable. The bank that credited the account could choose to later reverse the funds if the check is found to be fraudulent. All banks have different policies regarding fraudulent checks.

Photo credit: iStock/AntonioGuillem

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SoFi members with Eligible Direct Deposit activity can earn 3.80% annual percentage yield (APY) on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Eligible Direct Deposit means a recurring deposit of regular income to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government benefit payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Eligible Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below).

Although we do our best to recognize all Eligible Direct Deposits, a small number of employers, payroll providers, benefits providers, or government agencies do not designate payments as direct deposit. To ensure you're earning 3.80% APY, we encourage you to check your APY Details page the day after your Eligible Direct Deposit arrives. If your APY is not showing as 3.80%, contact us at 855-456-7634 with the details of your Eligible Direct Deposit. As long as SoFi Bank can validate those details, you will start earning 3.80% APY from the date you contact SoFi for the rest of the current 30-day Evaluation Period. You will also be eligible for 3.80% APY on future Eligible Direct Deposits, as long as SoFi Bank can validate them.

Deposits that are not from an employer, payroll, or benefits provider or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, or are non-recurring in nature (e.g., IRS tax refunds), do not constitute Eligible Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Eligible Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate. SoFi members with Eligible Direct Deposit are eligible for other SoFi Plus benefits.

As an alternative to Direct Deposit, SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits can earn 3.80% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Qualifying Deposits means one or more deposits that, in the aggregate, are equal to or greater than $5,000 to an account holder’s SoFi Checking and Savings account (“Qualifying Deposits”) during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Qualifying Deposits only include those deposits from the following eligible sources: (i) ACH transfers, (ii) inbound wire transfers, (iii) peer-to-peer transfers (i.e., external transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc. and internal peer-to-peer transfers from a SoFi account belonging to another account holder), (iv) check deposits, (v) instant funding to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, (vi) push payments to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, and (vii) cash deposits. Qualifying Deposits do not include: (i) transfers between an account holder’s Checking account, Savings account, and/or Vaults; (ii) interest payments; (iii) bonuses issued by SoFi Bank or its affiliates; or (iv) credits, reversals, and refunds from SoFi Bank, N.A. (“SoFi Bank”) or from a merchant. SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits are not eligible for other SoFi Plus benefits.

SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder’s Eligible Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits throughout each 30-Day Evaluation Period to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility. The 30-Day Evaluation Period refers to the “Start Date” and “End Date” set forth on the APY Details page of your account, which comprises a period of 30 calendar days (the “30-Day Evaluation Period”). You can access the APY Details page at any time by logging into your SoFi account on the SoFi mobile app or SoFi website and selecting either (i) Banking > Savings > Current APY or (ii) Banking > Checking > Current APY. Upon receiving an Eligible Direct Deposit or receipt of $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits to your account, you will begin earning 3.80% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% on checking balances on or before the following calendar day. You will continue to earn these APYs for (i) the remainder of the current 30-Day Evaluation Period and through the end of the subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period and (ii) any following 30-day Evaluation Periods during which SoFi Bank determines you to have Eligible Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits without interruption.

SoFi Bank reserves the right to grant a grace period to account holders following a change in Eligible Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits activity before adjusting rates. If SoFi Bank grants you a grace period, the dates for such grace period will be reflected on the APY Details page of your account. If SoFi Bank determines that you did not have Eligible Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits during the current 30-day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, then you will begin earning the rates earned by account holders without either Eligible Direct Deposit or Qualifying Deposits until SoFi Bank recognizes Eligible Direct Deposit activity or receives $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits in a subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period. For the avoidance of doubt, an account holder with both Eligible Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits will earn the rates earned by account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit.

Separately, SoFi members who enroll in SoFi Plus by paying the SoFi Plus Subscription Fee every 30 days can also earn 3.80% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. For additional details, see the SoFi Plus Terms and Conditions at https://www.sofi.com/terms-of-use/#plus.

Members without either Eligible Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits, as determined by SoFi Bank, during a 30-Day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, or who do not enroll in SoFi Plus by paying the SoFi Plus Subscription Fee every 30 days, will earn 1.00% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances.

Interest rates are variable and subject to change at any time. These rates are current as of 1/24/25. There is no minimum balance requirement. Additional information can be found at http://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.
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Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.


Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.