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Credit cards are handy financial tools, thanks to the credit card issuers who offer, provide, and manage them. A credit card issuer is a type of financial institution that supplies credit cards to consumers.

Read on to learn more about how these businesses operate.

What Is a Credit Card Issuer?

Credit card issuers are financial institutions responsible for making credit cards, managing the application and approval process for credit cards, and keeping credit card accounts running smoothly. If you needed to check your credit card balance, pay your bill, or request a replacement credit card, you’d turn to your credit card issuer.

Recommended: Guide to Credit Card Purchase Protection

How Credit Card Issuers Work

The financial institutions that offer credit cards can be lending institutions, banks, credit unions, or fintech companies. The cardholder borrows money from the credit card issuer each time they make a purchase, and when they pay their credit card bill, they’re paying the credit card issuer back for some or all of the credit they have used. This makes credit card issuers integral to what a credit card is.

A credit card issuer is the one to determine an applicant’s credit card interest rate and limit, the type of cardholder benefits offered, and the fee structure for the credit card. Generally, credit card issuers aren’t the ones to process merchant transactions, but they do decide whether to approve or decline a charge.

When questions about their credit card arise, account holders can call the number on the back of their credit card to connect with their credit card issuer’s customer support line.

Why Are Credit Card Issuers Important?

Understanding why credit card issuers are so important can help consumers to better manage their relationship with their credit card issuer and choose the right credit card for their needs once they’re old enough to get a credit card.

The issuer is responsible for determining a credit card’s terms and features. All credit card issuers have different policies, customer support approaches, and types of rewards offerings. Before choosing a credit card, it’s helpful to carefully research not just how a credit card works but how the credit card issuer runs its operations, in terms of fees and rates you will be subject to.

Recommended: How Do Credit Cards Work?

Common Credit Card Issuer Fees

What the fees look like for a specific credit card will vary by credit card issuer, but the following credit card issuer fees are fairly common to come across.

Annual Fees

An annual fee is a charge that’s paid once a year for having the credit card. These fees can often range from $95 to $500 or more per year. Not all cards charge this fee, but those that do tend to come with more valuable perks and rewards.

Before signing up for a credit card with an annual fee, it’s important to crunch the numbers to see if the rewards that come with using the credit card (like cash back or travel points) will outweigh the cost of the fee. Even if you get a good APR for a credit card, a high annual fee could make the offer less sweet.

Late Payment Fees

Late payment fees apply when someone is past due on paying their bill. Usually, these fees go up each time a payment is missed. The late fee won’t ever cost more than the minimum payment due on the payment the cardholder missed, but these fees can still add up. The current average fee is $32, but it may soon be lowered to $8, pending legislation.

Balance Transfer Fees

When someone transfers their credit card balance from one card to another (usually to a balance transfer card with a lower interest rate), they can potentially owe a balance transfer fee. This fee can be either a percentage of the transferred amount or a fixed fee.

While consolidating debt through a balance transfer can make it easier to pay off credit card debt, make sure to take into consideration any fees involved.

Foreign Transaction Fees

Making purchases when traveling abroad can lead to paying a foreign transaction fee, which is usually around 1% to 3% of the purchase.

However, there are plenty of credit cards — especially travel rewards credit cards — that don’t charge foreign transaction fees. If someone travels internationally often, they could save a lot by choosing a credit card with no foreign transaction fees, which is worth considering when applying for a credit card.

Credit Card Issuer vs Credit Card Payment Networks

It’s easy to confuse credit card issuers and credit card payment networks. While a credit card issuer creates and manages credit cards, a credit card payment network is the one that processes transactions between credit card companies and merchants.

Here are the key differences between credit card issuers and credit card payment networks:

Differences Between Credit Card Issuers and Co-branded Partners

A co-branded partner is a merchant that works with a credit card issuer to create a co-branded credit card with their name on it. This is a common arrangement with store, airline, and hotel credit cards.

Here’s a breakdown of how credit card issuers and co-branded partners differ:

Finding the Credit Card Issuer Number

If someone looks closely at their credit card, they’ll be able to learn a lot about their credit card issuer, including what their credit card issuer number is and how to contact their issuer.

Credit Card Issuer Phone Number

It’s always possible to learn how to contact a credit card issuer by going to their website, but cardholders also can find their card issuer’s phone number on the back of their credit card or on their monthly statements.

Credit Card Issuer Identification Number

To find a credit card issuer number, all a cardholder has to do is look at the string of numbers on a credit card. The first six to eight digits on the card represent the Bank Identification Number (BIN), or the Issuer Identification Number (IIN). This number is what identifies the credit card issuer. The following digits on the card are what identify the cardholder.

Examples of Some Major Credit Card Issuers

There are many different credit card issuers, but these are some of the biggest ones in the U.S.:

•   American Express

•   Bank of America

•   Capital One

•   Chase

•   Citi

•   Discover

•   U.S. Bank

•   Wells Fargo

The Takeaway

When you’re choosing a credit card, looking at the credit card issuer matters. This is the financial institution that creates and manages credit cards, determines a card’s fees, interest rate, and rewards offerings, and also approves (or denies) credit card applicants. Knowing that you have a well regarded issuer with fair policies is an important step in securing a credit card that suits your needs.

Whether you're looking to build credit, apply for a new credit card, or save money with the cards you have, it's important to understand the options that are best for you. Learn more about credit cards by exploring this credit card guide.

FAQ

How do I know my credit card issuer?

If someone is unsure of who their credit card issuer is, they can look at the credit card number on their card. The first six to eight digits on a credit card — called either the Bank Identification Number (BIN) or the Issuer Identification Number (IIN) — identify the card issuer.

What is the difference between a credit card issuer and a credit card network?

Credit card networks, unlike credit card issuers, are the party that processes the credit card transaction directly with merchants. Credit card networks have digital infrastructure that allow them to facilitate transactions between merchants and card issuers in exchange for an interchange fee.

What do credit card issuers do?

Credit card issuers create, distribute, and manage credit cards. They decide what the interest rates and fees of a credit card are, who is approved for one and how much they can spend, and how the card’s rewards structure works.

Photo credit: iStock/Luke Chan

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Non affiliation: SoFi isn’t affiliated with any of the companies highlighted in this article.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

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For Americans, the average credit limit currently sits at $28,930, according to Experian. That’s the typical maximum amount that a cardholder can spend on the card before needing to pay the credit card’s balance. A credit limit is sort of like a loan maximum — the higher the credit limit, the more money the cardholder can charge on the credit card.

If you know your credit limit, you may be wondering how it compares to the average credit card limit. Read on to find out, and to learn how you may be able to increase your credit limit if you need access to more buying power.

What Is the Average Credit Card Limit?

The average credit card limit for Americans was $28,930, according to a recent report by Experian. However, individual credit card limits can vary depending on a variety of factors, and can be as low as $300. For instance, there’s variance in the average credit card limit by age, as well as by creditworthiness.

Whatever your credit limit may be, it’s a critical part of understanding what a credit card is. Knowing your credit limit will help you to be aware of how much you can spend at places that accept credit card payments.

How Credit Card Issuers Determine Your Credit Limit

When you apply for a credit card, your initial credit limit depends on a variety of factors, including your credit scores, your income and debt-to-income ratio (DTI), your history with the card issuer, the card issuer’s policies and goals, and the current economic conditions. Every card issuer has its own process for determining an applicant’s credit limit. Here, some more specifics:

Your Credit Scores

Your credit score is a large factor in determining your credit limit. Just like your score can affect your APR on a credit card, the higher your credit score, the more likely you are to receive a higher credit limit.

In addition, the average credit limit increases with the age of the credit history. Generally, the longer someone has had credit, the more likely they are to use it responsibly. That’s why credit companies may be more likely to offer a higher credit limit to applicants with an older line of credit and a higher credit score. Obviously, the age of your oldest line of credit is limited to your own age, so be sure to be aware of how old you have to be to get a credit card.

Your Income and Debt-To-Income Ratio (DTI)

Due to how credit cards work, card issuers are taking a risk when they extend credit to cardholders. If they think the applicant is a riskier customer, they may offer them a lower credit limit. A high income can indicate that you are able to repay what you borrow. Therefore, a high income can help you get a higher credit limit.

However, credit issuers will also consider your existing debt obligations when deciding your credit limit. Specifically, they will look at your debt-to-income ratio (DTI), which compares the amount of money you owe each month to the amount of money you earn each month.

Your debt-to-income ratio can also affect factors like whether your interest rate is above or below the average credit card interest rate.

Your History With the Card Issuer

Your history with a card issuer can also influence your credit limit. If you have an existing positive relationship with the card issuer, it may help you to get approved for a higher credit limit. However, if you have too many existing cards with an issuer, the card issuer may not want to extend you additional credit, even if you meet other criteria like having an excellent credit score.

The Card Issuer’s Policies and Goals

The credit card issuer has the authority to determine your credit limit, based on how risky they think you are as a customer. Each card issuer has its own policies and goals that it uses to determine what credit limit is afforded to each customer. In other words, your credit limit will also depend on your credit issuer.

Current Economic Conditions

One factor that’s completely out of your control when it comes to your credit limit are the current economic conditions. Since it relates to risk, the current economic environment does play a role in how credit card issuers determine your credit limit. For example, some credit card issuers lowered card limits at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic due to global economic uncertainty.

How to Increase Your Credit Limit

There are several ways to increase your credit limit. Sometimes, your card issuer will offer you a revised credit limit after you update your income information or build your credit. Other times, you may need to be more proactive by directly requesting an increase or transferring your available credit.

Update Your Income Information

One way to increase your credit limit is to keep your income information up to date with your card issuers. Sometimes your card issuer may periodically ask you if your income has changed. If not, you may need to let them know when your income rises, as a higher income can lead to a higher credit limit.

Build Your Credit

One of the best ways to increase your credit limit is to increase your credit score. You can do this by paying your bills on time, keeping your balances low by making more than your credit card minimum payment, and maintaining a low credit utilization rate.

Although this method may take the longest, it may have the most benefit because it could help you in many other financial aspects as well. For instance, it may make it possible for you to secure a good APR for a credit card.

Request an Increase

Most card issuers allow you to request a credit limit increase online. If this option is not available, you also can call your credit issuer to request an increase. However, be aware that a request for an increase sometimes results in a hard credit inquiry, which may hurt your credit score.

Transfer Your Available Credit

If you need a higher credit limit for a specific card (like for a large upcoming purchase), you may be able to transfer available credit from another card from the same card issuer. To check if this is an option for your cards, call your card issuer’s customer service line to request the transfer.

The Takeaway

Your credit limit represents how much you can spend on your card before you’ll need to pay off your balance. While the average credit card limit was recently found to be $28,930, credit limits can vary widely depending on age, creditworthiness, your credit card issuers, current economic conditions, and more. Plus, there are ways you can increase your credit limit.

Whether you're looking to build credit, apply for a new credit card, or save money with the cards you have, it's important to understand the options that are best for you. Learn more about credit cards by exploring this credit card guide.

FAQ

What is a reasonable credit limit?

A reasonable credit limit may depend on a variety of factors, including your credit score, your income, and the current economic conditions, among others. The current average credit limit is $28,930, but many people will have a significantly higher or lower cap.

Can lenders change credit limits?

Lenders can change credit limits after you have been given an initial credit limit. Sometimes the card issuer will offer you a new credit limit after you update your income information or build your credit. Other times, you may need to directly request an increase. You can also consider transferring your available credit to increase your limit on a specific card.

What is available credit?

Available credit is the amount of money that is available to you to borrow, considering the current balance on your account. Credit limit, on the other hand, is the total amount that you can borrow.

Photo credit: iStock/RgStudio

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Non affiliation: SoFi isn’t affiliated with any of the companies highlighted in this article.

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In general, it is possible to buy a gift card with a credit card. There are some instances where you might not be able to, though; namely at some specific stores that may limit or ban the purchase of gift cards with a credit card due to fraud concerns. However, you can usually go ahead and swipe or tap to get one of these cards, which can be a convenient and useful present.

Read on to learn more about when you can buy a gift card with a credit card and how it works.

What Are Gift Cards?

A gift card looks and functions similarly to a credit card, but instead it is a prepaid debit card. You can purchase one and load it with a certain amount of funds or many come preloaded in different denominations. These can be a convenient way to give a gift to anyone from your nephew to your dog walker.

Some gift cards can be used at just a specific retailer, like an Amazon or Target gift card. Others can be used at a variety of retailers, such as a Visa gift card that’s designed to be spent almost anywhere.

You can buy gift cards in store or online. Gift cards are activated at purchase so they can be used right away without any further steps necessary. Just like there are credit card expiration dates, gift cards can expire if they’re not used within a certain timeframe.

Types of Gift Cards

There are two main types of gift cards that consumers will come across:

•   Retail or store-specific gift cards

•   Generic gift cards.

This is how these two types of gift cards work.

Retail or Store Specific Gift Cards

Retail or store-specific gift cards can only be used at select (if not just one) retailer. So, for instance, if you buy a gift card for a particular restaurant or cafe chain, the funds are only spendable at that restaurant, not anywhere else. This type of gift card is also known as a closed-loop gift card.

Generic Gift Cards

Generic, or open-loop, gift cards can be used at a variety of retailers as long as they accept credit card payments from that specific payment card network. This type of gift card is offered by most major credit card networks, such as American Express, Visa, and MasterCard.

These cards are often reloadable, though there may be a fee to do so. Open-loop gift cards also often charge an activation fee when the card is purchased.

Recommended: When Are Credit Card Payments Due

Can You Buy Gift Cards With a Credit Card?

Generally, it’s possible to buy a gift card with a credit card. Of course, whether you can do so will depend on whether the retailer allows credit card purchases and accepts payment from the consumer’s specific credit card network.

Some retailers may not allow you to buy a gift card with a credit card or they may place limits on purchases. This is because of fraud concerns, as the purchase of gift cards with stolen or counterfeit credit cards is common. These limitations generally apply to store-specific gift cards.

Recommended: What Is a Credit Card Chargeback

Things to Watch Out for When Buying Gift Cards With a Credit Card

Plenty of people buy gift cards with a credit card, especially when buying gift cards online. Even though it’s possible to buy a gift card with a credit card, there are some things worth looking out for when making this kind of purchase.

Can You Get Rewards for Purchasing Gift Cards With a Credit Card?

While some credit card issuers make it possible to earn rewards like cash back and miles when purchasing a gift card, other issuers don’t reward these purchases at all. For example, the Blue Cash Preferred® Card from American Express does not consider gift cards an eligible purchase for rewards. This may be something to keep in mind when applying for a credit card if you plan to purchase gift cards often.

To find out if you’ll earn rewards for buying a gift card with a credit card, check your credit card issuer’s terms for more details on how your credit card works.

Does Making a Gift Card Purchase Count as a Cash Advance?

Buying a gift card with a credit card can potentially cost consumers more than they realize. This is because some credit card issuers may view buying a gift card as taking a cash advance, particularly for open-loop cards.

Why is that a bad thing?

•   Credit card issuers charge interest and fees on cash advances, which is when a credit card allows the cardholder to borrow a set amount of cash as an advance.

•   Plus, interest starts accruing immediately on cash advances, with no grace period offered. Usually, interest only begins accruing if you make only the credit card minimum payment rather than paying off your balance in full.

•   Also note that the APR of a cash advance also can be higher than the purchase APR on a credit card and can add up quickly.

How to Avoid Cash Advances When Buying Gift Cards With Your Credit Card

Most people don’t realize that a gift card purchase with a credit card can count as a cash advance. Before buying a gift card with a credit card, it’s a good idea to double check what a credit card issuer’s policies are surrounding gift card purchases. You may be charged a higher interest rate, which can contribute to credit card debt.

If the card issuer does count the purchase of gift cards as a cash advance, then it can be wise to buy a gift card with cash or another card whenever possible. And if you do end up needing to buy a gift card with that credit card when you’re in a bind, know this: Your credit card’s cash advance limit may be different than your average credit card limit.

The Takeaway

It is often possible to buy gift cards with a credit card, and you may even earn rewards for doing so. However, it’s a good idea to learn the details before you buy as you might be charged as if you are accessing a cash advance. That can mean a higher APR assessed, and you may have a different limit, too. These are important points to know to make sure you are using your credit card responsibly.

Whether you're looking to build credit, apply for a new credit card, or save money with the cards you have, it's important to understand the options that are best for you. Learn more about credit cards by exploring this credit card guide.

FAQ

Do credit card providers issue rewards for gift card purchases?

It’s possible with some credit cards to earn rewards points when purchasing a gift card. However, many credit card issuers don’t consider gift card purchases eligible for earning rewards (they deem them cash equivalents and ineligible). Double check the cardholder agreement for a specific card for details.

How can you avoid gift card scams?

Only buy gift cards from trusted retailers to help protect against gift cards scams. Avoid purchasing gift cards from online auction sites that offer discounts, as the gift cards they sell may be stolen or fake. It’s also a good idea to check for protective stickers on a gift card before buying it and to confirm that the gift card’s pin number isn’t showing. If you do spot an issue, get a different gift card.

Can you put money on a gift card with a credit card?

Yes, it is possible to add money to a gift card by using a credit card. It’s up to consumers to choose how much they want to add to a gift card. Retailers can offer gift cards that come in pre-set amounts like $50 or $100, or they may allow customers to add a custom amount to their gift card.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Non affiliation: SoFi isn’t affiliated with any of the companies highlighted in this article.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Photo credit: iStock/Tingting Ji
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In a nutshell, a credit card balance is the amount of money you owe to a credit card company from month to month. This is an important number to keep track of because if you don’t pay off your balance by the end of the billing cycle, you’ll owe interest. And, as you may know, credit cards usually have a high interest rate, which can lead to credit card debt.

That said, when you go to manage your credit card bill, you might get tripped up on the difference between your statement balance and your current balance. Read on to learn more about what each type of credit card balance is, how you can check yours, and whether carrying a balance affects your credit score.

What Is a Credit Card Balance?

A credit card balance is the amount of money you owe to your credit card company, as well as interest and any fees.

When you look at your credit card bill, you may see two balances posted: your current balance and your statement balance.

•   Your statement balance is the amount of money you owe from the previous billing cycle.

•   Your current balance, on the other hand, is how much you owe at this moment in time. This amount could be higher or lower than your statement balance, depending on whether you’ve paid your credit card bill, charged more items to your credit card, or requested a credit card chargeback.

But when your billing cycle closes with a balance, what does that mean? It depends on your card issuer. Many card issuers have a grace period between when the credit card billing cycle closes and when payment is due. That means, if you pay your statement balance in full when payment is due, you will not accrue interest on any of the charges billed from the previous cycle.

Recommended: Pros and Cons of a Charge Card

How Is a Credit Card Balance Calculated?

What does your credit card balance mean? It’s more than just whatever you’ve purchased during the previous month. A credit balance also consists of:

•   Any accrued interest

•   Late payment fees

•   Foreign transaction fees

•   Annual fees

•   Cash advances

•   Transfer fees

•   Any statement credits

•   Any payments made to the account

If you carry a balance, you’ll have to pay interest on the balance owed. The only exception is if you have a card with a 0% annual percentage rate, or APR, which is the interest rate charged when you carry a balance on your card. (This 0% might be a promotional or introductory rate, for example.)

But generally, your card will have a grace period, during which interest will not accrue on the balance.

Differences Between My Credit Card Balance and Statement Balance

The meaning of your credit card balance can vary depending on whether you’re discussing your statement balance or current balance.

•   Your statement balance is how much you owe at the end of the billing cycle.

•   Your current balance is a continuous tally of any credit card activity.

Here are some points to know about this:

•   You will have a due date by which you’ll need to pay your statement balance.

•   When your statement balance is paid, there may be activity on your balance as you continue to use your credit card throughout the month.

•   The charges made after your statement balance is available will show up on your next statement balance.

•   These charges, as well as any remaining amount from your statement balance, constitute your current balance.

Here’s the information on this topic in chart form:

Your Credit Card Balance and How It Affects Your Credit Score

Some people believe that carrying a balance may benefit their credit score, but that’s not true. Credit card companies do like to see credit card usage, but paying your balance in full is what can help your credit score.

One of the largest determinants of your credit score is your credit utilization ratio. This is the amount of money you’ve borrowed across credit cards compared to the amount of credit you have available. If you had a card with a credit card limit of $10,000 and you charged $3,000 on the card, for instance, your credit utilization ratio would be 30%.

In general, the lower your credit utilization ratio, the more helpful it is in building your score. It’s recommended to keep your credit utilization below 30%, though 10% is ideal. By paying off as much of your credit card balance as you can in a statement period, you’ll lower the amount of money you owe, thus decreasing your credit utilization ratio. This can be part of using a credit card responsibly.

How to Check Your Credit Card Balance

There are many ways to check your credit card balance. You can do so online, over the phone, through an app, or simply keep an eye out for monthly statements, which may be mailed to you or securely delivered through email.

Online

An easy way to check your credit card account balance is to go online to your card issuer’s website, where you can set up your online account. You can then log onto this account to check your balance, pay any bills, and otherwise perform any account maintenance.

As with any sensitive information, make sure you keep your user information secure.

Recommended: When Are Credit Card Payments Due

Over the Phone

Your credit card company likely has a number that you can call to learn your balance, often from an automated voice that reads it off to you. It can also be helpful to know the number to your credit card company in case you want to dispute a credit card charge you don’t recognize or have questions about fees or anything else that appears on your statement, or have lost your card.

Through an App

Most credit card companies have an app in which you can check your credit card balance. The app also may offer additional features, such as a breakdown of spending and your most recent credit score.

Through Regular User Notifications

Depending on how you’ve set up your account, you may receive user notifications and statement balance updates through text message, email, or the mail, or a combination of all three.

Should You Carry a Credit Card Balance?

In general, carrying a credit card balance has the potential to hurt your finances and your credit score.

Sometimes, however, carrying a credit card balance can happen. Perhaps you had a big dental bill or had to buy a new refrigerator. Or maybe you used your card to pay for plane tickets for next summer’s vacation.

Here are some ways to potentially minimize the negative effects of carrying a balance if you end up in a situation where you need to do so:

•   Look for a card with low APR. The lower the APR, the less interest you’ll pay on purchases. A good APR is one that’s below the current average, though what’s considered competitive can also vary depending on the type of the card and the individual’s credit score and history.

•   Pay more than the minimum balance due. Even if you can’t pay the full balance, paying as much as you can above the credit card minimum payment will help keep your credit utilization ratio low. It will also minimize the amount of interest you’ll pay over time.

•   Make a budget. Look through your expenses and find ways to pay down the card over a set amount of time. (There are a variety of budgeting methods available; try a couple and see what works best for you.) Some cards may offer the option to pay off certain purchases in installments, at a different interest rate than the overall card.

•   Treat your credit card as you would cash. If you don’t have the money right now, don’t whip out your card. Using a debit card instead can help you stay within the bounds of your available funds.

The Takeaway

A credit card can be a powerful tool — but carrying a balance can make it harder to achieve financial goals. Keeping track of your current balance and making a plan to pay off your statement balance in full each month can be helpful. Doing so can allow you to make the most of your credit card and minimize credit card debt, which can be important money moves.

Whether you're looking to build credit, apply for a new credit card, or save money with the cards you have, it's important to understand the options that are best for you. Learn more about credit cards by exploring this credit card guide.

FAQ

What does a negative balance mean on a credit card?

A negative balance means the card company owes you money. This might occur due to a statement credit, a return, or you overpaying your bill. A negative balance won’t affect your credit score. When you make a charge on your credit card, the negative balance will be used to cover the payment.

Is it good to carry a balance on a credit card?

No. While it is good to use a credit card regularly and pay it off on time as a means of building your credit history, carrying a balance won’t help your credit score. In fact, if you rack up too much of a balance that it increases your credit utilization ratio, it could hurt your credit score.

What happens if you cancel a credit card with a balance?

If you cancel a credit card with a balance, you’ll still be responsible for payments, interest, and card fees. There may be downsides to canceling the card, too. That’s because part of your credit score rests on how long you’ve had open accounts.

Can I transfer my credit card balance to another card?

Yes. This is called a balance transfer. In a balance transfer, you’ll put your current balance on a new credit card. This can save you money on interest if you’re moving your balance to a lower-interest card. However, be aware that there are balance transfer fees involved. Also, a balance transfer may affect your credit utilization ratio.

Can I make partial monthly payments instead of settling the entire balance?

You can. Paying more than the minimum each month can minimize the effect of interest and lower your credit utilization ratio. To avoid interest entirely, however, you’ll want to pay off your statement balance in full each month.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Non affiliation: SoFi isn’t affiliated with any of the companies highlighted in this article.

Photo credit: iStock/Roman Novitskii
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It may be tempting to just make only the minimum payment on your credit card bill and put off paying the total amount until another time. However, only making your credit card minimum payment can cost you both in interest and your credit score. Plus, it can keep you in debt longer.

To avoid this predicament, here’s what you need to know about minimum credit card payments, as well as what you can do if making the minimum payment on your credit card is a challenge.

What Is a Credit Card Minimum Payment?

A credit card minimum payment is the lowest sum that you’re required to pay each credit card billing cycle. To avoid late fees or penalties, you must pay at least this amount.

If you don’t make the minimum payment amount, you could be charged a fee or, worse, your interest rate could increase, which is why it’s critical to understand this part of how credit cards work.

Creditors determine your minimum payment by using one of three different methods, which include:

•   A flat percentage of your total outstanding balance: Your minimum payment might be 1% to 3% of your balance. Thus, your minimum credit card payment will fluctuate monthly depending on your credit card balance at the time.

•   A percentage of your balance plus fees or interest that’s applied during that billing cycle: With this method, the credit card company may make your minimum payment equal to 1% of your revolving balance and then add any fees or the annual percentage rate (APR) charged within that billing cycle.

•   A flat rate: A creditor may apply a flat rate, perhaps $25 or $35, for your minimum payment.

Keep in mind that if your revolving balance is less than the minimum payment, your creditor will typically require you to pay the total amount. Because minimum credit card payment guidelines differ from creditor to creditor, you’ll want to get familiar with your credit card payment rules — ideally before you even apply for a credit card.

How Does a Minimum Payment Affect Your Credit Score?

Not only does paying the minimum payment on your credit card increase the amount you pay in interest, but it can also impact your credit score.

One of the factors that credit bureaus use to determine your credit score is your credit utilization ratio, which is the percentage of credit you’re using versus the amount you have available. A good rule of thumb is to keep your credit utilization ratio below 30% (better still, closer to 10%) so your credit won’t be affected.

For example, let’s suppose you have $15,000 of available credit. If your revolving credit card balance is $7,500 racked up from places that accept credit card payments. That means your credit utilization ratio is 50%, which exceeds the 30% threshold. If you’re only making the minimum credit card payments, your credit utilization ratio will stay beyond an acceptable rate for a more extended amount of time. Therefore, your credit score may dip.

To avoid this scenario, it’s wise to make more than the monthly minimum payment so you keep your credit utilization low. This is especially important if you have a limit that’s below the average credit card limit, as it will be easier for your credit utilization ratio to jump.

What to Do If You Cannot Afford Your Minimum Payment

Although you want to make more than your minimum credit card payment each month, you may find yourself in a situation where you can’t afford to do so. Fortunately, there are steps you can take to ease this financial burden.

Stop Using Your Credit Card

If you’re trying to repay your credit card debt, it’s best not to add to it. This means that while you’re working to pay down your credit card balance, you should consider putting your credit card use on pause. If you continue to use your credit cards, you may feel like you’re never getting ahead. This can become a vicious debt cycle that can be challenging to break.

You can pause your use by putting your credit cards in a safe place where you don’t have access to them but also don’t risk them getting stolen. For example, you could put them in your family’s safe. This way, you can avoid the temptation of impulse buys.

Also, you may find it helpful to track your spending. This will allow you to see where your money is going and get a better handle on what costs might be busting your budget.

Reduce the Cost of Your Bills

Looking for ways to cut your expenses can free up extra cash to help you make your credit card minimum payments. You might start by saving on streaming services you’re not using, or consider putting a gym membership on hold until your credit card balance is repaid.

For example, if you have cable, Netflix, Amazon Prime, and Hulu, you may want to choose just one or two of these services to keep. Then, you can cancel the other subscriptions that you don’t need, saving you money and making it easier to meet your minimum payment on your credit card.

Consider Getting a Side Job to Earn Extra Income

Increasing the amount of money you have coming in also can help you accelerate your credit card debt repayment. Even bringing home an extra couple hundred dollars per month via a low-cost side hustle could help you make a significant dent in your credit card debt.

For example, if you’re handy, you could sign up for a service like TaskRabbit to help people tackle projects around their homes. Or, if you like to interact with a variety of people, you could consider driving for a ride-share service like Uber or Lyft.

Also, if you receive a financial windfall (say, extra money from a work bonus, tax refund, or a gift), you could put these funds to good use by making a larger credit card payment.

Call The Credit Card Company

In some cases, you may want to contact your credit card company if you cannot make the credit card minimum payment. You’ll want to explain why you can’t make the minimum payment and how much you can afford to pay.

Also, share with your credit card company when you can begin making regular payments again. Your credit card company would rather receive payment than no payment. So, by communicating with them, they might be willing to work with you while you repay your debt.

Explore Get-Out-Of-Debt Options

There are other options to help you get out of your credit card debt. For starters, debt consolidation is a get-out-of-debt strategy that can help you minimize your interest payments, helping you to repay your debt faster. With debt consolidation, you take out a loan with a fixed interest rate that you use to repay all of your other high-interest debts. Ideally, you want to find a financing option that can yield a lower interest rate.

How Paying Only the Credit Card Minimum Payment Costs You More

As you now know, it’s essential to make at least the credit card minimum payment. But making only the minimum payments each month can end up costing you more — even if you have a good APR for a credit card. When you carry a monthly credit card balance, the interest continues to accrue, which can keep you in a debt cycle.

To illustrate the cost of paying the minimum payment on the credit card only, let’s suppose your credit card has a 17% interest rate and you have a $3,000 revolving balance. If your credit card company has a $50 minimum payment requirement, it will take you 135 months to repay your debt. Additionally, you’ll end up paying roughly $3,743 in interest alone. This means you’ll spend a total of close to $7,000 to pay off a $3,000 bill.

Luckily, you don’t have to do all of this math yourself if you’re wondering how your credit card payments will impact the total amount you owe. Per the Credit CARD Act of 2009, credit card companies are required to put a minimum balance warning on each bill you receive to protect your interests.

Usually, credit card companies will communicate this warning with a table that provides a snapshot of the amount of time it will take to repay your balance if you only make the minimum payment. In some cases, the company may also provide a table that suggests the amount of time it will take to repay your debt if you make more than the minimum payment.

The Takeaway

If you want to avoid costly interest or a dip in your credit score, it’s wise to make more than your credit card minimum payment each month. An even better solution (if you can afford to do so) is to pay off your total credit card balance every month. This way, you can dodge high interest payments and keep your credit utilization ratio at a favorable rate.

Whether you're looking to build credit, apply for a new credit card, or save money with the cards you have, it's important to understand the options that are best for you. Learn more about credit cards by exploring this credit card guide.

FAQ

What are your minimum payment rights?

As part of the Credit Card Accountability Responsibility and Disclosure (CARD) Act, creditors are legally required to illustrate how long it will take you to repay your debt if you make only the minimum payment. Also, they must provide a toll-free number that cardholders can call to get assistance with credit counseling or debt management. These requirements are designed to keep credit practices fair.

Does paying minimum due affect your credit score?

Yes, making a minimum payment can affect your credit score since it impacts your credit utilization ratio, a factor used to calculate your credit score. Credit utilization ratio is the percentage of credit you’ve used versus the amount you have available. So, if you continue to carry a high balance on your credit card, your credit utilization rate may be higher than recommended, which can impact your credit score.

What happens if I don’t pay my credit card for 5 years?

After just six months if you don’t pay your credit card, the credit card company is required to charge-off the account. This means they will close your account and write it off as a loss. However, you will still be responsible for repaying the outstanding balance either to your creditor or a third-party collections company.

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Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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