SpendPar Archives | Page 19 of 38

Sep

2023

How to Have a Baby Shower on a Budget

By Diana Kelly Levey | Budgeting & Goals, Financial Independence, money | Comments Off

Congratulations! Someone close to you is going to be a parent, and you have the honor of throwing the baby shower. You are probably excited to come up with some great ideas for the food, the decor, the party favors, and more, and need to sort out the guest list. But along with these organizing responsibilities can come a steep price tag.

The truth is, though, with a bit of planning and creativity, you can host a very fun, very memorable party for the parents-to-be, their friends, and their family without breaking the bank. You might be able to find a venue that’s totally free, create the centerpieces yourself, and otherwise keep costs under control and on budget.

Read on for some inspiration.

Tips for Throwing a Great Baby Shower on a Budget

These inexpensive baby shower ideas can help you throw a memorable celebration for a mom-to-be and help her become better financially prepared for a baby.

Coming up with a Baby Shower Budget

Before you begin the planning process, it can help to determine the total you can spend on the event and then create a budget. You may also want to find out if family members from either side are willing to chip in financially or by offering to help make something for the party. When setting up your baby shower budget, you’ll likely want to include: the venue, invitations, decorations, food and drinks, entertainment and/or games, prizes and party favors.

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Finding a Free (or Low-Cost) Venue

A baby shower doesn’t have to be at a fancy restaurant, hotel, or banquet hall to be festive. It could take place at your, or someone else’s, home. If you’re hosting a baby shower in warm weather. You might consider having it outdoors, such as in your backyard. You could even host a more casual shower with an outdoor barbeque or even a poolside party.

Other low-cost locales options include: a nearby park, the clubhouse of your (or someone else’s) apartment complex, or the meeting room at someone’s place of business.

Recommended: How to Save Money Daily

Limiting the Baby Shower Guest List

Generally, the more people you invite to the shower, the more money you will spend. To keep costs in check, you may want to consider limiting the invite list to the parent-to-be’s closest family and friends.

A smaller group not only cuts down on costs, but can also help to create a more intimate gathering that allows the guest of honor to spend time with each guest. It can be a good idea, however, to run the invite list by the expectant mom to be sure that you don’t exclude any important people.

Going Digital With Invitations

You can save money on baby shower invitations by using a digital service, such as Evite, Punchbowl, or Paperless Post. These sites and apps typically allow you to choose from a range of free baby shower invitation templates or, for a small fee, upgrade to a more elaborate design.

These sites also make it easy to keep track of responses. And, guests will likely appreciate the ability to RSVP with the click of a button. You may, however, want to send paper invites to older guests, particularly if they don’t use an email address often.

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Ditching the Caterer

Feeding guests typically takes up the biggest portion of a baby shower budget. One way to help keep the cost of food down is to forgo the caterer and head to your local warehouse club (like Costco or Sam’s Club). You’ll likely be able to create a delicious spread of appetizers, finger foods, and desserts for a lot less than ordering trays from a catering company or restaurant.

Timing It Right

You can also cut down on food costs by not holding the shower right at lunch or dinner time. That way, guests won’t arrive expecting a full meal, and you’ll be able to serve a lighter menu that includes simple appetizers and snacks. A late-morning party can be particularly wallet-friendly. You might simply offer coffee, juice, fruit, and pastries. Or, you might opt for an afternoon tea and serve sweets and finger sandwiches.

Keeping the Cake Simple

Here’s another way to save money on food: A gourmet bakery cake can look beautiful, but it could easily bust your budget. To cut costs without sacrificing on taste, you might consider ordering a cake at your local grocery store’s bakery or the bakery at a wholesale club, then having it personalized (which the store will often do free of charge).

DIYing Centerpieces

It’s a basic rule of personal finance that you’ll pay more when you farm tasks out versus doing them yourself, whether that means doing car maintenance or decorating for a party.

Fresh flowers look lovely, but they can get expensive if you order arrangements from a professional florist. Instead, you may want to head to your local farmers market, grocery store, or warehouse club to find flowers at reasonable prices that fit your color scheme, then make your own centerpieces.

A simple way to get great results is to use flowers in the same color family (like shades of pink or all white). You can pick up vases at the dollar store, or go with Mason jars, which look trendy and can be used for other purposes after the shower is over.

Printing Decor and Games for Free

Instead of racking up a big bill at the party store, you may want to comb the web for free baby shower printables. You can likely find food signs, games (like baby shower bingo), decorations, and favor tags that you can simply print right from your computer.

Making Edible Favors

Another baby shower budgeting tip for beginners: Sweets can make great favors, and you can easily bake them yourself without spending a lot. You may also find that there is a family member who would be delighted to take on this task. Edible favors can be as simple as iced sugar cookies (in your color scheme) or as elaborate as cake pops that look like baby rattles.

Recommended: Passive Income Ideas

Considering a Virtual Baby Shower

If the guest of honor’s family and friends are spread out all over the country, having a virtual baby shower is one way to include everyone that’s important, and also keep costs down. You can set a celebratory mood by choosing a Zoom background that fits the theme of your shower, and also include a link so guests can download the background as well.

Friends and family can watch the mom-to-be open gifts that were sent to her ahead of time. (In fact, you might save so much by doing a virtual shower that you can be more lavish with gifts. That might help your guests of honor save for the new baby.)

You can also organize games throughout the virtual baby shower and create a digital guest book that attendees can sign and share their words of wisdom for the expecting parents.

The Takeaway

You can plan a memorable baby shower even on a limited budget. And, spending less doesn’t mean the event will be any less special.

Some easy ways to trim the cost of having a baby shower include: hosting the shower in your home or backyard, heading to your local warehouse club (for food, flowers, and even the cake), using free printables for decor and games, and giving homemade sweets as favors.

You can also make a baby shower more affordable by setting a budget and saving up enough money to cover it in advance (so you don’t end up relying on credit cards). Looking for a good place to build your party fund? Look for a bank account with low or no fees and a high interest rate.

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SoFi members with direct deposit activity can earn 4.50% annual percentage yield (APY) on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Direct Deposit means a recurring deposit of regular income to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government benefit payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Deposits that are not from an employer or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, or are non-recurring in nature (e.g., IRS tax refunds), do not constitute Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate. SoFi members with direct deposit are eligible for other SoFi Plus benefits.

As an alternative to direct deposit, SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits can earn 4.50% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Qualifying Deposits means one or more deposits that, in the aggregate, are equal to or greater than $5,000 to an account holder’s SoFi Checking and Savings account (“Qualifying Deposits”) during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Qualifying Deposits only include those deposits from the following eligible sources: (i) ACH transfers, (ii) inbound wire transfers, (iii) peer-to-peer transfers (i.e., external transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc. and internal peer-to-peer transfers from a SoFi account belonging to another account holder), (iv) check deposits, (v) instant funding to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, (vi) push payments to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, and (vii) cash deposits. Qualifying Deposits do not include: (i) transfers between an account holder’s Checking account, Savings account, and/or Vaults; (ii) interest payments; (iii) bonuses issued by SoFi Bank or its affiliates; or (iv) credits, reversals, and refunds from SoFi Bank, N.A. (“SoFi Bank”) or from a merchant. SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits are not eligible for other SoFi Plus benefits.

SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder’s Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits throughout each 30-Day Evaluation Period to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility. The 30-Day Evaluation Period refers to the “Start Date” and “End Date” set forth on the APY Details page of your account, which comprises a period of 30 calendar days (the “30-Day Evaluation Period”). You can access the APY Details page at any time by logging into your SoFi account on the SoFi mobile app or SoFi website and selecting either (i) Banking > Savings > Current APY or (ii) Banking > Checking > Current APY. Upon receiving a Direct Deposit or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits to your account, you will begin earning 4.50% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% on checking balances on or before the following calendar day. You will continue to earn these APYs for (i) the remainder of the current 30-Day Evaluation Period and through the end of the subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period and (ii) any following 30-day Evaluation Periods during which SoFi Bank determines you to have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits without interruption.

SoFi Bank reserves the right to grant a grace period to account holders following a change in Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits activity before adjusting rates. If SoFi Bank grants you a grace period, the dates for such grace period will be reflected on the APY Details page of your account. If SoFi Bank determines that you did not have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits during the current 30-day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, then you will begin earning the rates earned by account holders without either Direct Deposit or Qualifying Deposits until you have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits in a subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period. For the avoidance of doubt, an account holder with both Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits will earn the rates earned by account holders with Direct Deposit.

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Interest rates are variable and subject to change at any time. These rates are current as of 8/27/2024. There is no minimum balance requirement. Additional information can be found at http://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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Sep

2023

What Is Buying In Bulk?

By Janet Siroto | Budgeting & Goals, money | Comments Off

Buying in bulk means purchasing large quantities of a single product at a lower cost than you’d usually pay for the item. For example, you might buy a six-pack of shampoo for less than the per-unit price you typically spend on a single bottle. Or you might save big by buying a 10-pound bag of grapes instead of the usual one- or two-pounder.

But, like many things in life, buying in bulk has its pros and cons. For instance, you probably have to shell out more upfront to purchase larger quantities, and you might have trouble storing the items or using them up before their expiration date.

Here, you’ll learn more about this topic, including:

• What is buying in bulk?

• How much can you save by buying in bulk?

• What are the pros and cons of buying in bulk?

• What are tips for bulk shopping?

How Much Is “Bulk”?

How much is bulk doesn’t have an exact answer. There is no specific quantity you need to purchase to have something qualify as bulk buying. Rather, the term means you are buying large quantities of a single item to reap a discount.

That might mean you are buying one jumbo box of cereal (the kind that could feed a cabin full of summer campers) or a 12-pack of regular-size boxes bundled together. You might be buying 36 eggs at a time vs. the usual dozen.

The point is, it’s a larger quantity than what you might find at your local supermarket and at a lower price. And when you buy in bulk and save, you may be helping your overall financial health, too.

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The Pros of Buying in Bulk

A firm financial foundation starts with saving. While the big deal is the potential for saving money on the cost per item, there are other reasons to shop in bulk.

You’re Saving Money

Who isn’t looking for ways to save money daily? If you are wondering, “Does buying in bulk save money?” the answer is usually yes. By buying in bulk, you can likely enjoy a double-digit discount vs. supermarket prices.

You’re Helping the Environment

It can be more socially responsible and environmentally friendly because bulk purchases usually have significantly less packaging per use than smaller purchases have. (Envision a mammoth pickle jar or tub of frosting.)

Ideally, buying in bulk also means you shop less, and that’s less time spent on the road and burning gas.

You May Avoid Impulse Buys

You may rack up additional savings just by being in the store less frequently and having fewer opportunities to pick up things that weren’t on your list. If you’re motivated to save money, avoiding those impulse purchases can be a big plus.

You May Plan and Budget Better

If you’re the organized type who is big on preparing meals in advance, cooking lots of food and freezing it, buying in bulk can make that endeavor easier. That, in turn, can help you take better control of your food budget.

For sure, it’s cost efficient to prepare your family’s favorite pasta dishes and soups and have enough for today and whenever you’re ready for round two or three.

Finding the Price Per Unit

If saving money is important to you, there’s a good chance you want to know exactly how much you are benefiting by buying in bulk. To figure out the real cost you are paying, this is one time you need to do the math. To capitalize on a bulk buy, determine the cost per unit. Sometimes, this number will be listed on the price signage at the store; otherwise, you can use the calculator function on your mobile phone.

• What is a unit? Think measurements like ounces, square feet, grams, and gallons. For example, a bottle of olive oil is not a unit. A fluid ounce of olive oil is. A roll of paper towels is not a unit. A square foot of paper towels is.

• Figure out how many units you are buying. Take the total cost of your purchase and divide that by the number of units to get the price per unit.

• Then compare the unit prices of a few packages of the same product to determine which is the better value.

Ideally, the cost per unit of a bulk buy should be 20% to 35% below what you would normally pay at the supermarket.

Although a supersized item usually has a lower cost per unit than its smaller brethren, crunch the numbers to see.

How Much Can You Save By Buying in Bulk?

No doubt, it can be hard to save money today, and you may wonder whether buying in bulk is worth it. The answer is: It depends. While the amount shoppers save depends on the item, they can anticipate saving around 25% on purchases, according to one recent study across 20 categories of products. Another study found savings of up to 35% at the wholesale clubs vs. supermarkets.

You can also up your savings from buying in bulk by using coupons for those items.

Remember, what’s important isn’t an item’s price but the price per unit.

3 Tips for Buying in Bulk

When you want to stop spending so much and begin buying in bulk, you need a game plan. It’s a good idea to reach for the familiar and sweeten the deal by looking for familiar items that are also on sale. That will snag you the best prices and help keep your bank account well padded.

1. Stick With What You Know

This is not the time to experiment. If you’re loading your cart with goods, you don’t want to be guessing about whether you’ll love them or not. Go for the family’s beloved items.

Buying in bulk and getting a deal is worthless if nobody wants to eat or use what you buy. That’s money down the drain.

2. Search for Your Favorites on Sale

Don’t want to buy what’s on sale solely because it’s on sale. When trying to cut your grocery bill, the goal is to get what you know and love on sale, not to be overly adventurous. The latter can leave you disappointed, with a few fewer dollars in your pocket to boot.

3. Keep Expiration Dates in Mind

Do check expiration dates when buying in bulk. Items can expire before you get to use them, which is akin to throwing away your hard-earned money. Everything from sunscreen to olive oil can deteriorate when left to sit for long periods because you bought a mega-pack, so shop carefully.

What to Buy in Bulk and What to Avoid

Some products are perfect for stockpiling. While your list will depend on your family, think of items like:

• Paper towels

• Toilet paper

• Tissues

• Detergent

• Dishwashing liquid

• Sponges

• Aluminum foil and plastic wrap

• Toothpaste

• Canned beans and fish

• Frozen foods

• Rice

• Sugar

• Flour

On the flip side, generally, you don’t want to load up on fresh produce unless you are cooking for a crowd, as your family may not be able to eat it all before it wilts or gets moldy.

The Cons of Buying in Bulk

Buying in bulk can work to your advantage, but it’s not without caveats.

Larger Quantities Can Mean Spending More

Paying $40 for $60 worth of lotion may be a good deal, but what if $40 puts a bigger squeeze on your budget than buying individual bottles one at a time, weeks apart? If you use a credit card in order to buy bulk and save, can you pay off the entire bill when it’s due. If you incur interest charges, that will eat into your “savings.”

You’ll Need Storage Space

Keep in mind, too, that you need space to store all that stuff and a car to pile it in to take home. If either of these are issues, buying in bulk may not be ideal for you.

You May Get Bored With Bulk Products

Know thyself…and your family. Maybe you are the person who gets bored quickly, or your kids will beg for some variety after you’ve bought 24 boxes of the same cereal. When you’ve got mega amounts of the same product, be prepared for the “same old, same old” for a long stretch. That’s all the more reason to purchase only what you love, as you may be using it for months.

You May Have to Pay Membership Fees

If you’re going deep into bulk buying, you likely won’t settle only for what you can get in bulk at the grocery store but will want to shop at the warehouse stores like Costco and BJ’s. Consider the annual membership fees that are required.

Costco’s “Gold Star” membership is $60, and the “Executive” level is $120. BJ’s tiers are $55 and $110. Sam’s Club advertises membership fees of $50 and $110.

Will you frequent the store enough to make the fee worthwhile?

Bulk Quantities Can Lead to Overuse

If you have something in abundance, it’s all too easy to be less conscious of how much you’re using. Knowing you have 12 rolls of paper towel stashed away could lead you to use it up more quickly because you know you have backup waiting.

Bigger Quantities Means Spending More Cash

There’s also the issue that if you’re earning a lower income and/or have considerable debt, you may not be able to come up with enough money to purchase bulk products versus their smaller and less expensive single-use versions. One big purchase could blow your weekly budget. If you spend a chunk of money to buy a mega-pack of toilet paper, can you then afford other necessities?

Products May Expire

Buying in bulk can be a fun way to save money, but don’t get so giddy grabbing great buys that you forget important things like expiration dates. Products like bleach and sunscreen may expire in 12 months or less. And certainly food products can expire as well. Getting a gallon of milk for the same price as a half gallon doesn’t do you much good if it sits in your fridge for so long that it goes bad.

Buying in Bulk at Local Grocery Stores vs Wholesale Retailers

You may wonder if you should buy in bulk at your local grocery store vs. at a wholesale retailer (meaning places like Costco or Sam’s Club). It’s true that you may find good deals at your local supermarket (such as buy two cans of tuna and get two for half-price), and coupons can boost your savings.

However, it’s likely that it will be the occasional or somewhat regularly available items that are worth buying in bulk locally. At a wholesale retailer or wholesale club, the business model is to have bulk quantities always available at good prices. That’s the company’s mission and what gives them bargaining power. In other words, their reason for being is to help customers buy bulk and save.

While you may find great deals at your neighborhood grocery store that encourage you to stock up, you are likely to find smart deals in every aisle of a bulk retailer.

The Takeaway

Buying in bulk has its advantages. Getting a good deal can keep you motivated to save money, but you’ll need to be savvy. Buy only what you need and what you can comfortably store and use in a timely fashion.

As with your local supermarket, temptation likely lurks at bulk retailers. It’s best to know how to compare cost per unit and to prepare and follow a shopping list.

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FAQ

How much do you save if you buy in bulk?

While individual savings will vary, one recent study found that you can save up to 25% by buying in bulk.

Why is it cheaper to buy in bulk?

When you buy in bulk, you are purchasing items that involve less manufacturing and packaging time and materials (aka economies of scale). They may also offer savings on marketing and distribution costs. These price breaks are passed along to you when you buy in bulk.

What are 2 downsides of buying in bulk?

Here are two downsides of buying in bulk: It can involve paying more upfront (say, purchasing 12 boxes of cereal vs. one at a time), and the products can expire or otherwise go bad before you can use them up.

Sep

2023

Guide to Morningstar Ratings

By Rebecca Lake | Growing Wealth, invest, Investing | Comments Off

Morningstar is a highly regarded financial services firm whose mission revolves around providing investors with the research and tools, including Morningstar ratings, they need to make informed decisions in their portfolios.

Those tools, used by individual investors as well as institutional investors and financial advisors, include Morningstar fund ratings, which can help investors gauge how well various mutual funds and exchange-traded funds (ETFs) have performed over time.

What are Morningstar Ratings?

In simple terms, the Morningstar ratings system is a tool investors can use to compare financial securities such as mutual funds and ETFs. And if you’re wondering whether Morningstar ratings are legitimate, the answer is yes. Even FINRA, the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, uses Morningstar ratings.

Morningstar reviews of mutual funds and ETFs reflect different metrics, depending on which ratings system is being applied. The main Morningstar ratings investors may turn to learn more about a particular investment are the Star Ratings and Analyst Ratings. (Morningstar also has a separate ratings system for individual stocks.)

These ratings can be helpful to investors for a variety of reasons — whether they’re trying to diversify their portfolio, or some research into socially responsible investing, and trying to find securities that fit their strategy.

How Morningstar Ratings Work

As Morningstar itself describes, the ratings system uses a methodology based on specific categories and risk-adjusted return measures. The company will only rate a fund that’s been around for more than three years. Morningstar also updates its ratings on a monthly basis.

You can use these ratings to select from the funds available in your 401(k), or to decide which funds to add to an IRA or a taxable brokerage account.

Recommended: Investing in Growth Funds

The “Star Rating” Explained

The Morningstar Star Rating system, more simply referred to as star rating, is a quantitative ranking of mutual funds and ETFs. Introduced in 1985, the star rating looks backward at a fund’s past performance, then assigns a rating from one to five stars based on that performance.

As mentioned, Morningstar reviews ETFs and mutual funds with a record of more than three years, so newer funds do not receive a star rating until they’re reached this milestone. The rating methodology utilizes an enhanced Morningstar risk-adjusted return measure. Specifically, the star ratings system looks at each fund’s three-, five-, and 10-year risk-adjusted returns.

Star ratings can serve as a report card of sorts for comparing different funds, based on how they’ve performed historically. The Morningstar ratings are not forward-looking, as past performance is not a foolproof indicator of future behavior. But investors can use the ratings system as a starting off point for conducting fund research when deciding where to invest.

If you’re looking for a tool to help you compare mutual funds or exchange-traded funds at a glance based on past performance, the star rating system can help.

The “Analyst Rating” Explained

The Morningstar Analyst Rating takes a different approach to ranking funds and ETFs. Instead of looking backward, the qualitative analyst rating looks forward to assess a fund’s ability to outperform similar funds or a market benchmark. Rather than using stars, funds receive a rating of Gold, Silver, Bronze, Neutral or Negative, based on the analyst’s outlook for performance.

The firm does not update analyst ratings as frequently as star ratings. Morningstar reviews for analyst ratings are reevaluated at least every 14 months. The firm typically assigns analyst ratings to funds with the most interest from investors or the most assets.

When ranking funds, analysts look at three specific metrics:

• People

• Process

• Parent

Performance is also taken into account within the People and Process pillars. In order to earn a Gold, Silver or Bronze rating, an analyst must determine that an active fund can beat its underlying benchmark when adjusted for risk.

Generally speaking, these Morningstar reviews go into more detail, in terms of the analysis, ranking, and comparison of funds. If you’re an active trader or a buy-and-hold investor you might use the Morningstar analyst ratings to get a feel for what a particular mutual fund might do next, which can be helpful when an investor is, for example, trying to pick an ETF.

How Morningstar Measures Volatility

Morningstar uses a few key volatility measurements as it aims to minimize risk and maximize returns through strategic diversification. Chief among those measurements are standard deviation, mean, and the Sharpe ratio.
It’s a somewhat complicated process, but using these three measurements in tandem helps Morningstar get a handle on volatility and make appropriate ratings decisions.

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Example of a Morningstar Rating

Morningstar star ratings are free to access for investors on the company’s website, and it’s relatively easy to find plenty of examples of Morningstar ratings on the platform. For instance, to find a star rating for a particular fund or ETF you’d simply search for it using its name or ticker symbol. You can also view Morningstar ratings and picks for funds by category, such as small-cap funds or U.S. index funds.

Here’s an example of a Morningstar rating for the Calvert International Responsible Idx I fund (CDHIX). This fund, which is in the foreign large-blend category and is an index fund, has a four-star rating from Morningstar. You can see at a glance that the fund has an expense ratio of 0.29%, a minimum investment of $100,000 and just over $867 million in assets, as of August 2023.

Are Morningstar Ratings Accurate?

Morningstar fund ratings are designed to be a guide to use as you invest, rather than the absolute word on how well a fund is likely to perform. That’s to say that there’s always going to be risk involved when investing, so don’t expect any rating to be a sure-thing.

So, how well do Morningstar ratings perform over time and are they an accurate guide for investing?

According to Morningstar’s own analysis of its ratings system, the star ratings can be a useful jumping-off point for investors. That analysis resulted in three key findings:

• Funds with higher star ratings tend to have lower expense ratios and be cheaper for investors to own

• Higher rated funds tend to be less volatile and experience less dramatic downward swings when the market is in flux

• Funds that received higher star ratings tended to produce higher returns for investors compared to funds with lower ratings

The analysis didn’t look specifically at how star ratings and fund performance aligned through different bull and bear markets. But the ultimate conclusion Morningstar drew is that the Star Ratings tend to steer investors toward cheaper funds that are easier to own and stand a better chance of outperforming the market.

Use Expense Ratios

According to Morningstar, fees are one of the best predictors of future performance, at least for Star Ratings. For funds and ETFs, that means it’s important to consider the expense ratio, which represents the cost of owning a fund annually, calculated as a percentage of fund assets.

Actively managed funds typically carry higher expense ratios, as they require a fund manager to play an important role in selecting fund assets. Passively managed funds and ETFs, on the other hand, often have lower expense ratios.

So which one is better? The answer is that it all comes down to performance and returns over time. A fund with a higher expense ratio is not guaranteed to produce a level of returns that justify higher fees. Likewise, a fund that has a lower expense ratio doesn’t necessarily mean that it’s a poor investment just because it’s cheaper to own. Morningstar’s research found that the average one-star fund cost significantly more than the average five-star fund.

As you do your own research in comparing funds and ETFs, consider both performance and cost. This can help you find the right balance when weighing returns against fees.

How Should Investors Use Morningstar Ratings?

How much do Morningstar ratings matter in the grand scheme of things? The answer is, it depends on what you need from investment research tools.

Morningstar reviews of mutual funds and ETFs can be helpful for comparing investments, especially if you’re just getting started with the markets. Morningstar is a respected and trusted institution and both the Star and Analyst Ratings are calculated using a systematic approach. The reviews aren’t just thrown together or based on a best guess.

They’re designed to be a guide and not a substitute for professional financial advice. So, for instance, you may use them to compare two index funds that track the same or a similar benchmark. Or you may use them to compare two ETFs that are representative of the same market sector.

Risks of Morningstar Ratings

Morningstar Ratings are not an absolute predictor of how a mutual fund or ETF will perform in the next five minutes, five days, or five years. After all, there’s no way to perfectly predict how any investment will perform as the market changes day to day or even minute-to-minute.

One risk to avoid with Morningstar ratings is relying on them solely as your only research tool and not doing your own independent research. Again, that means checking expense ratios as well as looking at the underlying assets of a particular fund and its investment strategy (i.e. active vs. passive) to determine how well it aligns with your goals and risk tolerance.

Looking only at Morningstar reviews without doing your own due diligence could cause you to invest in funds that aren’t the best fit for your portfolio. Or you may overestimate how well a fund will perform, only to be disappointed later. For those reasons, it’s important to look under the hood, so to speak, to ensure that you fully understand what you’re investing in before buying in.

Morningstar Ratings for Funds

As discussed, Morningstar’s rating system mostly focuses on funds, including index funds, mutual funds, and ETFs. The company also has a ratings system for individual stocks, but its bread and butter is its focus on funds. And, as a quick refresher, it uses a data-driven, quantitative methodology for determining those rankings.

Also, as it bears repeating, a good Morningstar rating does not mean that an investment is risk-free.

Other Investment Risk Rating Providers

Morningstar is just one of many companies that offers investment ratings. An internet search will likely yield many results. But it’s a list that includes many familiar names, such as Bloomberg, Nasdaq Market Data Feeds, S&P Global Market Intelligence, MarketWatch, Thomson Reuters, and others.

💡 Quick Tip: Are self-directed brokerage accounts cost efficient? They can be, because they offer the convenience of being able to buy stocks online without using a traditional full-service broker (and the typical broker fees).

Trading Stocks With SoFi

Having research tools can help you make educated decisions about where and how to invest. Morningstar Ratings are one tool you can use. When you’re ready to invest and apply the knowledge you’ve acquired, the next step is opening an online brokerage account. But keep in mind that there are many ratings services on the market, and that Morningstar’s ratings are far from the only research tool out there.

It’s also important for investors to keep in mind that all investments involve risk, whether they’re highly-rated or not. Be sure to do your due diligence before investing, but know there’s always a chance that things could turn sour on you.

Ready to invest in your goals? It’s easy to get started when you open an investment account with SoFi Invest. You can invest in stocks, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), mutual funds, alternative funds, and more. SoFi doesn’t charge commissions, but other fees apply (full fee disclosure here).

For a limited time, opening and funding an Active Invest account gives you the opportunity to get up to $1,000 in the stock of your choice.

FAQ

How reliable are Morningstar ratings?

Morningstar ratings are generally considered to be high-quality in the financial industry, but that doesn’t mean that its ratings are always spot-on. All investing involves risk, and even a high rating doesn’t guarantee that an investment will pan out.

Is a Morningstar rating of “5” good?

Morningstar uses a scale of one to five “stars” to rate investments, with five stars being the highest, or best-quality investment. So, yes, a five-star rating is generally considered good, although not risk-free.

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INVESTMENTS ARE NOT FDIC INSURED • ARE NOT BANK GUARANTEED • MAY LOSE VALUE

SoFi Invest encompasses two distinct companies, with various products and services offered to investors as described below: Individual customer accounts may be subject to the terms applicable to one or more of these platforms.
1) Automated Investing and advisory services are provided by SoFi Wealth LLC, an SEC-registered investment adviser (“SoFi Wealth“). Brokerage services are provided to SoFi Wealth LLC by SoFi Securities LLC.
2) Active Investing and brokerage services are provided by SoFi Securities LLC, Member FINRA (www.finra.org)/SIPC(www.sipc.org). Clearing and custody of all securities are provided by APEX Clearing Corporation.
For additional disclosures related to the SoFi Invest platforms described above please visit SoFi.com/legal.
Neither the Investment Advisor Representatives of SoFi Wealth, nor the Registered Representatives of SoFi Securities are compensated for the sale of any product or service sold through any SoFi Invest platform.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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SOIN0723095

Sep

2023

A Guide to Ivy League Colleges

By Susannah Gruder | Going to College, Life & Career, Student Loans, student_loan | Comments Off

The Ivy League is made up of eight elite private colleges, all of which are based in the Northeast. Being accepted to an Ivy League college is something some students work toward all their lives — but there’s more to gaining admission to these schools than good grades and a long list of extracurriculars.

With admission rates now hovering in the 3.4% to 5% range, there’s a heightened sense of competition among top students in high schools across the country and around the world.

Read on to learn more about Ivy League colleges, including which schools are considered “Ivies,” the benefits of going to an Ivy League college, how much they cost, and ways to make your application stand out.

What Are the Different Ivy League Schools?

Named for their ivy-covered campuses, the eight private colleges that make up the Ivy League have many things in common. However, each school has its own unique reputation and characteristics that attract different kinds of students. Here’s a closer look at these top-ranked schools.

💡 Quick Tip: You can fund your education with a low-rate, no-fee private student loan that covers all school-certified costs.

Brown University

Located in Providence, Rhode Island, Brown is known for its humanities programs as well as its Warren Alpert Medical School. Its open curriculum allows for a relatively free-form educational model where students are encouraged to take classes they like without having to accumulate certain requirements. Brown also gives students the option of taking as many classes as they want on the basis of pass-fail.

Columbia University

Located in New York City, Columbia is one of the most diverse Ivy League schools with 46% of undergraduates identifying as students of color. It also has one of the highest percentages of international students at any Ivy League, with 13% of its student body coming from foreign countries. This cosmopolitan college is host to renowned business, journalism, and law schools, and requires students to adhere to its core curriculum, which focuses largely on liberal arts.

Cornell University

Located in Ithaca, New York, Cornell is one of the largest Ivy League universities, occupying a sprawling campus in this scenic upstate town. Known for its agriculture and engineering schools, Cornell also has strong Greek life and a wide range of athletic programs.

Dartmouth College

Located in Hanover, New Hampshire, Dartmouth is the most rural of the Ivies, drawing a student body interested in the outdoors and Greek life — around 60% of students participate in sororities or fraternities. Its somewhat smaller student body allows for more one-on-one attention in classes and a strong sense of community on campus.

Harvard University

Located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard encourages students to take a wide range of courses through their general education requirements, which allows students to broaden their interests and take advantage of intellectual curiosities. The school has 12 residential houses that seek to foster a sense of community in an otherwise imposing setting.

The University of Pennsylvania

Located in Philadelphia, Penn is known for its four distinct undergraduate colleges, including the Wharton School of Business and the College of Arts and Science. Students have the option of taking part in Greek life, and are also encouraged to explore opportunities in the greater Philadelphia area, from internships to the wide array of cultural events available.

Princeton University

Located in Princeton, New Jersey, Princeton University offers either a liberal arts or engineering and applied science degree for undergraduate students, with both programs including general education requirements. Princeton is known for its international affairs and engineering programs, as well as their storied eating clubs, which serve as coed dining halls and social centers for students, and are comparable to non-residential fraternities or sororities.

Yale University

Located in New Haven, Connecticut, Yale University is known for its creative writing and arts programs, as well as a residential college program and an array of secret societies. It’s also home to a renowned graduate drama program and law school.

Recommended: Ultimate College Application Checklist

Benefits of Attending an Ivy League School

For those who get that coveted acceptance letter, the benefits can be worth the years of hard work it took to get in. From growing your network to gaining access to world-renowned resources and professors at the top of their field, attending an Ivy League school can set students on an accelerated path to intellectual and professional success.

Having an Ivy League school on your resume may open countless doors when it comes to applying for jobs, fellowships, or graduate programs and may provide a leg up when it comes to advancing your career.

The amount of funding available at Ivy League schools can also be a major draw. All Ivy League schools have need-blind admissions policies, meaning that admissions officers will not look at a student’s financial need when considering their application. They also have a promise to meet 100% of demonstrated financial need based on household income.

Brown, Columbia, Harvard, and Princeton take things one step further, packaging aid with no loans for each student. Ivy League schools also have incredible funding opportunities for research and travel for students, allowing them to broaden their interests and perspectives.

The Cost of an Ivy League School and Options for Paying for Tuition

All of the Ivy League schools are private universities, which usually implies a hefty price for tuition. The average undergraduate tuition for an Ivy League school for the 2022-2023 school year was $59,961, plus room and board. But due to these universities’ impressive endowments, ranging from Brown’s $5.6 billion to Harvard’s staggering $53.2 billion, these schools are able to offer generous financial aid packages to prospective students.

While Ivy League schools do not offer merit-based or athletic scholarships, there are generally a wide variety of need-based scholarships awarded to students depending on their household income.

A student’s household income is equal to the combined gross income of all people occupying the household unit who are 15 years of age or older. Among Brown’s class of 2025, for example, 99% of students with household incomes below $60,000 received an average of $80,013 in annual financial assistance — nearly full rides, including room and board. For families making between $100,000 and $125,000, 98% of students received an average of $56,538 in annual need-based aid.

In addition to aid offered by Ivy League schools directly, students or their parents may choose private student loans to help ease the burden of paying college tuition and expenses.

Students will generally want to exhaust all ffederal student aid options (which include grants, scholarships, work-study, and federal student loans) before considering private student loans. But if there is still a gap between federal student aid and the remaining cost of attendance, a private loan may be an option for some students.

💡 Quick Tip: It’s a good idea to understand the pros and cons of private student loans and federal student loans before committing to them.

GPA Requirements for Ivy League Schools

An impressive grade point average (GPA) is only one aspect of a student’s college application. However, to even be considered for admission to an Ivy League school, students may want to see if their own GPA falls within the average for admitted students. Among the Ivies that release statistics on accepted students’ GPAs, the average weighted GPA is about 4.0, meaning mostly As.

How to Make an Application More Competitive

In addition to a high GPA and impressive SAT and/or ACT scores, prospective students will need to prove themselves in other ways to gain admission to an Ivy League school.

Excelling in advanced courses, like honors and Advanced Placement (AP) classes throughout high school may improve students’ chances of admissions, especially if students show a particular area of interest, like science or humanities.

While in the past, college admissions counselors would advise students to be “well-rounded” candidates, it’s now advisable to develop and demonstrate a passion for a particular subject area, which helps Ivies to build a more overall well-rounded student body.

Students can show their interests beyond academics by taking part in extracurricular activities. By engaging in activities early in high school and growing that interest over time, students show their commitment and enthusiasm for a particular area.

Strong interviews and letters of recommendation can also improve a student’s application, along with a strong personal essay. Ivy League admissions teams look for essays that highlight a student’s best qualities, perhaps expressed through a personal anecdote or description of a unique passion that displays a candidate’s distinctive character.

Hitting the “Submit” Button

Following the tips above may help improve a student’s Ivy League application, helping to gain admission to one or more of the most prestigious universities in the world. Of course, there are many schools that have the same academic rigor of an Ivy League, and it’s generally advisable to sprinkle in one or two “safety” schools for good measure.

But once a student has decided they want to apply to an Ivy League school, determined which is the right one for them, applied for financial aid, and completed their applications, it’s time to hit submit!

The Takeaway

If you’re hoping to attend an Ivy League college, you’ll want to consider each school’s admission rate, along with its particular academic program and financial aid statistics, to determine which is the right school to apply to.

However, it can be helpful to apply to a range of schools, both in terms of admission’s standards and tuition costs. This will give you options in case a school’s financial aid package isn’t as generous as you hoped.

If you’ve exhausted all federal student aid options, no-fee private student loans from SoFi can help you pay for school. The online application process is easy, and you can see rates and terms in just minutes. Repayment plans are flexible, so you can find an option that works for your financial plan and budget.

Cover up to 100% of school-certified costs including tuition, books, supplies, room and board, and transportation with a private student loan from SoFi.

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Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

SOIS0823030

Sep

2023

What Are Power Hour Stocks? What to Know When Trading

Power Hour Stocks: What Are They and How Do You Trade Them?

By Brian O'Connell | Growing Wealth, invest, Investing | Comments Off

While the U.S. stock market is technically open from 9:30am to 4pm ET, some times of day are more active than others, and go by the moniker “power hour.”

Depending on who you talk to, the power hour can be the first hour of trading (from 9:30 to 10:30 ET) or the last hour of trading (3:30 to 4:30 ET).

Derivative traders may argue that the time is even more specific, such as at 3:30 on the third Friday of every month in March, June, September, and December when option, futures and index contracts all expire on the same day. They call that the “triple witching hour.”

Here’s a closer look at the power hour, and what it might mean to you.

What Is the Stock Market Power Hour?

During the trading day, the power hour is when traders have a concentrated time to leverage specific market opportunities. That goes for anyone trading common market securities like stocks, index funds, commodities, currencies, and derivatives, especially options trading and futures.

When Does Stock Power Hour Occur?

The term power hour is subjective, but most market observers land on two specific times in defining the term:

• The first trading hour of the market day. This is when news flows in overnight from across the world that can impact portfolio positions that investors may want to leverage.

• The last hour of the trading day. This is when sellers may be anxious to close a position for the day, and buyers may be in a position to pounce and buy low when selling activity is high.

One commonality between the first hour of a stock market trading session and the last hour is that trading volatility tends to be higher than it is during the middle of a normal trading day. That’s primarily because traders are looking to buy or sell when demand for trading is robust, and that usually happens at or near the market opening or the market close.

Each power hour brings something different to the table, when it comes to potential investing opportunities.

💡 Quick Tip: When people talk about investment risk, they mean the risk of losing money. Some investments are higher risk, some are lower. Be sure to bear this in mind when investing online.

Power Hour Start of Day

The first hour of any trading session tends to be the most active, as traders react to overnight news and data numbers and stake out advantageous positions.

For example, an investor may have watched financial or business news the previous night, and is now reacting to a story, interview, or prediction.

Some traders refer to this scenario as “stupid money” trading, as conventional wisdom holds that one news event or one interview with a Fortune 500 CEO shouldn’t sway an investor from a strategy-guided long-term investment position. The fact is, by the time the average investor reacts to overnight data, it’s likely the chance for profit is already gone.

Here’s why: Most professional day traders were likely already aware of the news, and have already priced that information into their portfolios. As the price goes up on a stock based on artificial demand, the professional traders typically step in and take the other side of the trade, knowing that in the long run, investing money will drift back to the original trade price for the stock and the professional investor will likely end up making money.

Power Hour End of Day

The last hour of the trading day may also come with high market volatility, which tends to generate more stock trading. Many professional traders tend to trade actively in the morning session and step back during mid-day trading, when volatility is lower and the market is quieter than in the first and last hours of the day.

Regular traders can perk up at the last hour of trading, where trading is typically more frequent and the size of trades generally climb as more buyers and sellers engage before the trading session closes out. Just as in the first hour of the trading day, amateur investors tend to wade into the markets, buying and selling on the day’s news.

That activity can attract bigger, more seasoned traders who may be looking to take advantage of ill-considered positions by average investors, which increases market trading toward the close.

Red Flags and Triggers to Look for During Power Hour Trading

For any investor looking to gain an advantage during power hour trading, the idea is to look for specific market news that can spike market activity and heighten the chances of making a profit in the stock market.

These “triggers” may signal an imminent power hour market period, when trading can grow more volatile.

💡 Quick Tip: How to manage potential risk factors in a self-directed investment account? Doing your research and employing strategies like dollar-cost averaging and diversification may help mitigate financial risk when trading stocks.

Any Earnings Report

Publicly-traded companies are obligated to release company earnings on a quarterly basis. When larger companies release earnings, the news has a tendency to move the financial markets. Depending on whether the earnings news comes in the morning or after hours, investors can typically expect higher trading to follow. That could lead to heavier power hour trading.

News on Big “Daily Gainers”

Stock market trading activity can grow more intense when specific economic or company news pushes a single large stock — or stock sector — into volatile trading territory.

For instance, if a technology company X announces a new product release, investors may want to pounce and buy the stock, hoping for a significant share price uptick. That can lead to higher volume trading stock X, making the company and the market more volatile (especially later in the day), thus ensuring an active power hour trading time.

Reserve/Economic News

Major economic news, like jobs reports, consumer sentiment, inflation rates, and gross domestic product (GDP) reports, are released in the morning. Big news from the Federal Reserve typically comes later in the day, after a key speech by a Fed officer or news of an interest rate move after a Fed Open Markets Committee meeting.

Make no mistake, news on both fronts can be big market movers, and can lead to even more powerful power hour trading sessions. Anticipation of huge economic news, like a Federal Reserve interest rate hike or the release of the U.S. government’s monthly non-farm labor report, can move markets before the actual news is released, potentially fueling an even larger trading surge after the news is released, either at the open (for government economic news) or at the end of the trading day (for Federal Reserve news).

Triple Witching Hour Events

Quarterly triple witching hours — when stock options, futures and index contracts expire on four separate Fridays during the year — historically have had a substantial impact on market activity on those Friday afternoons, in advance of the contracts expiring at the days’ end.

When options contracts involving larger companies expire, market activity on a Friday afternoon prior to closing can be especially volatile. Thus, any late afternoon power hour on a triple-witching-hour Friday can be highly active, and may be one of the largest drivers of power hour trading during the year.

The Takeaway

The concept of a stock market “power hour” is very real, but so is the risk of trading in more volatile markets when power hours tend to be more active.

Consequently, it’s a good idea to give power hours a wide berth if you’re not familiar with trading in choppy markets, where the risk of losing money is high when power trading activity is at its highest.

Invest with as little as $5 with a SoFi Active Investing account.

Photo credit: iStock/Tatiana Sviridova

SoFi Invest®

INVESTMENTS ARE NOT FDIC INSURED • ARE NOT BANK GUARANTEED • MAY LOSE VALUE

How to Have a Baby Shower on a Budget

Tips for Throwing a Great Baby Shower on a Budget

Coming up with a Baby Shower Budget

Finding a Free (or Low-Cost) Venue

Limiting the Baby Shower Guest List

Going Digital With Invitations

Ditching the Caterer

Timing It Right

Keeping the Cake Simple

DIYing Centerpieces

Printing Decor and Games for Free

Making Edible Favors

Considering a Virtual Baby Shower

The Takeaway

What Is Buying In Bulk?

How Much Is “Bulk”?

The Pros of Buying in Bulk

You’re Saving Money

You’re Helping the Environment

You May Avoid Impulse Buys

You May Plan and Budget Better

Finding the Price Per Unit

How Much Can You Save By Buying in Bulk?

Get up to $300 when you bank with SoFi.

Open a SoFi Checking and Savings Account with direct deposit and get up to a $300 cash bonus. Plus, get up to 4.50% APY on your cash!

3 Tips for Buying in Bulk

1. Stick With What You Know

2. Search for Your Favorites on Sale

3. Keep Expiration Dates in Mind

What to Buy in Bulk and What to Avoid

The Cons of Buying in Bulk

Larger Quantities Can Mean Spending More

You’ll Need Storage Space

You May Get Bored With Bulk Products

You May Have to Pay Membership Fees

Bulk Quantities Can Lead to Overuse

Bigger Quantities Means Spending More Cash

Products May Expire

Buying in Bulk at Local Grocery Stores vs Wholesale Retailers

The Takeaway

FAQ

How much do you save if you buy in bulk?

Why is it cheaper to buy in bulk?

What are 2 downsides of buying in bulk?

Guide to Morningstar Ratings

What are Morningstar Ratings?

How Morningstar Ratings Work

The “Star Rating” Explained

The “Analyst Rating” Explained

How Morningstar Measures Volatility

Example of a Morningstar Rating

Are Morningstar Ratings Accurate?

Use Expense Ratios

How Should Investors Use Morningstar Ratings?

Risks of Morningstar Ratings

Morningstar Ratings for Funds

Other Investment Risk Rating Providers

Trading Stocks With SoFi

FAQ

How reliable are Morningstar ratings?

Is a Morningstar rating of “5” good?

A Guide to Ivy League Colleges

What Are the Different Ivy League Schools?

Brown University

Columbia University

Cornell University

Dartmouth College

Harvard University

The University of Pennsylvania

Princeton University

Yale University

Benefits of Attending an Ivy League School

The Cost of an Ivy League School and Options for Paying for Tuition

GPA Requirements for Ivy League Schools

How to Make an Application More Competitive

Hitting the “Submit” Button

The Takeaway

Power Hour Stocks: What Are They and How Do You Trade Them?

What Is the Stock Market Power Hour?

When Does Stock Power Hour Occur?

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