Safe deposit boxes are storage units located in banks that offer a secure way to store important items you may not want to keep at home, such as critical documents, collectibles, and family heirlooms.
Due to the growth of online banking and digital storage, safe deposit boxes aren’t as popular as they once were. However, there are some situations where these boxes can be useful. Here are key things to know about safe deposit boxes.
Key Points
• Safe deposit boxes are secure storage units in banks, ideal for safeguarding important documents and valuables from theft or environmental damage.
• Items like birth certificates, jewelry, and stock certificates are suitable for storage, while cash and original wills should generally be avoided.
• Renting a safe deposit box involves fees, which vary by size and institution, typically ranging from $15 to $350 annually.
• Access to safe deposit boxes is limited to bank hours, which can be inconvenient, especially in emergencies, and their contents are not insured by the bank.
• Alternatives to safe deposit boxes include personal home safes, digital storage options, and attorney offices for legal documents, each with its own advantages and disadvantages.
What Is a Safe Deposit Box?
A safe deposit box (also called a safety deposit box) is a secure locked box, usually made of metal, that stays in the safe or vault of a federally insured bank or credit union. They are typically used to keep valuables, important documents, and sentimental keepsakes protected from theft or damage.
Safe deposit boxes often come in two different sizes, usually 3” by 5” or 10” by 10,” and can be rented for an annual fee. In exchange for the fee, banks provide security measures to protect your valuables, such as alarms and surveillance cameras. In addition, the safe deposit boxes are stored in vaults that are designed to withstand natural disasters such as fires, floods, hurricanes, and tornadoes.
Unlike a bank account, however, the contents of a safe deposit box are not protected by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) or National Credit Union Administration (NCUA). As a result, there is still a small risk that you could lose the items in your container due to theft or damage.
Recommended: What Are the Differences Between FDIC and NCUA Insurance?
What You Should and Shouldn’t Keep in a Safe Deposit Box
Safe deposit boxes can be a good place to keep hard-to-replace documents and small valuables that you won’t need to access frequently. However, you generally don’t want to keep any items that you may need to grab in a hurry in the box, and certain items are prohibited.
Here’s a breakdown of things to keep — and not to keep — in a safe deposit box.
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Up to $2M of additional FDIC insurance.
Items Typically Kept in a Safe Deposit Box
• Important documents: Documents that are difficult to replace and often needed for legal purposes are commonly stored in safe deposit boxes. These include: birth certificates, marriage licenses, car titles, divorce records, citizenship papers, property deeds, and mortgage documents.
• Valuables: Jewelry, rare coins, stamps, and other valuable collectibles can be safely stored away from potential theft.
• Financial Instruments: Stock certificates, bonds, and other financial instruments that require safekeeping can be securely stored in a safe deposit box.
• Backup data: You might store external hard drives or USB drives containing sensitive personal or business information here to protect against data loss.
• Personal keepsakes: Irreplaceable items like family heirlooms, photos, and memorabilia can be stored to ensure they don’t get lost or damaged.
Items to Avoid Putting in a Safe Deposit Box
• Cash: While you may be tempted to store some cash in your safe deposit box, you’re likely better off putting the money in a high-yield savings account at a bank or credit union, which will allow your money to grow. The cash will also be insured (up to certain limits) by the FDIC or NCUA.
• Original copies of wills: Original wills should not be stored in a safe deposit box because they may be difficult to access immediately after the owner’s death, delaying probate. You might instead store a copy of a will.
• Durable power of attorney: Similar to wills, these documents might be needed quickly in emergencies, and delays could cause significant issues. Consider storing a copy.
• Passport: If you need to travel urgently, accessing your passport from a bank vault could be problematic due to limited bank hours.
• Frequently used items: Any items you need regular access to should not be kept in a safe deposit box due to limited accessibility.
• Prohibited items: Banks and credit unions generally prohibit the storage of firearms, explosives, weapons, hazardous materials, illegal substances (such as drugs), alcohol, perishable items, and cremated remains.
How Much Does a Safe Deposit Box Cost?
Rental fees vary by the box’s size and financial institution. The average cost to rent a box at a commercial U.S. bank runs between $15 and $350 per year. Additional costs may include fees for lost keys or late payments.
Some banks and credit unions will offer discounts on a safe deposit box cost if you have a relationship with the bank. In some cases, an institution may offer free access to a safe deposit box as a perk to their customers.
How to Get a Safe Deposit Box
To rent a safe deposit box, you’ll generally need to follow these steps:
1. Research your options. Not all banks and credit unions offer safe deposit boxes. You’ll want to find an institution that both provides this service and is conveniently located.
2. Meet the requirements. Many banks require you to be an existing customer with a checking or savings account. However, some banks may allow noncustomers to rent boxes for an additional fee.
3. Provide identification. You’ll need to bring valid identification, such as a driver’s license or passport, to verify your identity. If you plan to allow another person access to your safe deposit box, they will need to be present and show ID as well.
4. Sign a rental agreement. You (and, if applicable, your corenter) will need to sign a rental agreement outlining the terms and conditions of the box rental.
5. Make a payment. You generally need to pay the initial rental fee upfront. Some banks may offer discounts for long-term rentals or automatic payments.
6. Get your key. Upon completing the paperwork, you will receive a key to your safe deposit box. The bank retains a second key. Both keys are required to access the box. If the bank offers keyless access, they will likely scan your finger or hand.
Keep in mind that every time you wish to access your safe deposit box, you’ll need to present your photo ID, as well as your key (if it’s not keyless). The bank may also require your signature before allowing you to open your box.
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How Safe Is a Safe Deposit Box?
Safe deposit boxes are generally very secure. They are housed in a bank vault, which offers robust protection against theft, fire, flood, and other disasters. Banks employ multiple layers of security, including surveillance cameras, alarms, and restricted access to the vault area.
When you rent a safe deposit box, the bank typically gives you a key to use. The bank also retains a second “guard key” which must be used by a bank employee in tandem with your key. Some banks now use a keyless biometric entry system, where you scan your finger or hand instead.
However, it’s important to note that the contents of a safe deposit box are not insured by the bank or the FDIC. As a result, you may need to obtain separate insurance or add a rider to your homeowners or renters insurance for coverage.
Recommended: Are Online Savings Accounts Safe?
Pros and Cons of Safe Deposit Boxes
Safe deposit boxes can be a good way to protect your valuables. Here are some of the upsides of renting one:
• Security: Safe deposit boxes offer a high level of security, since they are stored in areas with limited access and stepped-up surveillance.
• Environmental protection: They can protect your valuables from environmental damage, such as a flood or fire.
• Privacy: The contents of a safe deposit box are known only to the renter, offering a high degree of privacy.
• Organization: Safe deposit boxes help keep important documents and valuables in one secure location, making it less likely you will misplace them.
But safe deposit boxes also come with downsides. Here are some to consider:
• Limited access: Access is restricted to bank hours, which can be inconvenient, especially in an emergency.
• Cost: There is an ongoing rental fee, which varies based on the size of the box.
• Not insured: Contents are not insured by the bank or FDIC. Separate insurance may be needed for valuable items.
• Delayed access for loved ones: In the event of the renter’s death, accessing the box may require legal processes that could delay access to important documents.
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The Takeaway
If you’re looking for a safe place to stash vital papers or valuable possessions, you might consider renting a safe deposit back at a brick-and-mortar bank or credit union. Items stored in these containers are protected against theft, loss, or damage due to a flood, fire, or other disaster.
But the protection has limits: Unlike regular bank accounts, safe deposit boxes are not insured by the FDIC. Also keep in mind that safe deposit boxes aren’t ideal for items you may need to grab in a hurry, since access is limited to banking hours.
Interested in opening an online bank account? When you sign up for a SoFi Checking and Savings account with direct deposit, you’ll get a competitive annual percentage yield (APY), pay zero account fees, and enjoy an array of rewards, such as access to the Allpoint Network of 55,000+ fee-free ATMs globally. Qualifying accounts can even access their paycheck up to two days early.
FAQ
What can I use instead of a safe deposit box?
Alternatives to a safe deposit box include:
• A fire-rated personal home safe: This can offer protection from environmental damage (such as fire or flood). However, a thief could potentially steal the whole safe.
• Digital storage solutions: Cloud services can securely store important documents and data backups.
• An attorney’s office: For legal documents, a trusted lawyer’s office may offer secure storage.
• Private vault facility: These are a viable alternative to a safe deposit box but tend to cost more.
Can safe deposit boxes be jointly shared?
Yes. When you open a safe deposit box, you can designate one or more corenters who will have equal access to the box. This is useful for couples, business partners, or family members who need shared access to important documents and valuables. Each renter typically receives a key, and all corenters’ signatures are required on the rental agreement.
Is it safe to keep money in a safe deposit box?
While it is physically safe to keep money in a safe deposit box, it is not recommended. Cash stored in a safe deposit box does not earn interest and is not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC). You’re generally better off keeping cash in a high-yield savings account or other insured financial instrument that offers safety, liquidity, and interest earnings.
Do banks know what you put in a safety deposit box?
No. The contents of a safe deposit box are private, and bank employees do not have access to the items stored inside. When you rent a safe deposit box, you receive a key, and the bank retains a second key. Both keys are required to open the box, but only you can open it and see its contents. This ensures privacy and confidentiality.
Photo credit: iStock/AlexSecret
SoFi members with direct deposit activity can earn 4.00% annual percentage yield (APY) on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Direct Deposit means a recurring deposit of regular income to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government benefit payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Deposits that are not from an employer or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, or are non-recurring in nature (e.g., IRS tax refunds), do not constitute Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate. SoFi members with direct deposit are eligible for other SoFi Plus benefits.
As an alternative to direct deposit, SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits can earn 4.00% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Qualifying Deposits means one or more deposits that, in the aggregate, are equal to or greater than $5,000 to an account holder’s SoFi Checking and Savings account (“Qualifying Deposits”) during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Qualifying Deposits only include those deposits from the following eligible sources: (i) ACH transfers, (ii) inbound wire transfers, (iii) peer-to-peer transfers (i.e., external transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc. and internal peer-to-peer transfers from a SoFi account belonging to another account holder), (iv) check deposits, (v) instant funding to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, (vi) push payments to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, and (vii) cash deposits. Qualifying Deposits do not include: (i) transfers between an account holder’s Checking account, Savings account, and/or Vaults; (ii) interest payments; (iii) bonuses issued by SoFi Bank or its affiliates; or (iv) credits, reversals, and refunds from SoFi Bank, N.A. (“SoFi Bank”) or from a merchant. SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits are not eligible for other SoFi Plus benefits.
SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder’s Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits throughout each 30-Day Evaluation Period to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility. The 30-Day Evaluation Period refers to the “Start Date” and “End Date” set forth on the APY Details page of your account, which comprises a period of 30 calendar days (the “30-Day Evaluation Period”). You can access the APY Details page at any time by logging into your SoFi account on the SoFi mobile app or SoFi website and selecting either (i) Banking > Savings > Current APY or (ii) Banking > Checking > Current APY. Upon receiving a Direct Deposit or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits to your account, you will begin earning 4.00% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% on checking balances on or before the following calendar day. You will continue to earn these APYs for (i) the remainder of the current 30-Day Evaluation Period and through the end of the subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period and (ii) any following 30-day Evaluation Periods during which SoFi Bank determines you to have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits without interruption.
SoFi Bank reserves the right to grant a grace period to account holders following a change in Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits activity before adjusting rates. If SoFi Bank grants you a grace period, the dates for such grace period will be reflected on the APY Details page of your account. If SoFi Bank determines that you did not have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits during the current 30-day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, then you will begin earning the rates earned by account holders without either Direct Deposit or Qualifying Deposits until you have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits in a subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period. For the avoidance of doubt, an account holder with both Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits will earn the rates earned by account holders with Direct Deposit.
Members without either Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits, as determined by SoFi Bank, during a 30-Day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, will earn 1.20% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances.
Interest rates are variable and subject to change at any time. These rates are current as of 12/3/24. There is no minimum balance requirement. Additional information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.
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